EP3661653A1 - Cyclone dépoussiéreur à courant continu - Google Patents

Cyclone dépoussiéreur à courant continu

Info

Publication number
EP3661653A1
EP3661653A1 EP18758550.0A EP18758550A EP3661653A1 EP 3661653 A1 EP3661653 A1 EP 3661653A1 EP 18758550 A EP18758550 A EP 18758550A EP 3661653 A1 EP3661653 A1 EP 3661653A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe section
dispersion
particles
wall
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18758550.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tayyar Yücel Bayrakci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CYFRACT UG (HAFTUNGSBESCHRAENKT)
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3661653A1 publication Critical patent/EP3661653A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/06—Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C2003/003—Shapes or dimensions of vortex chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C2003/006—Construction of elements by which the vortex flow is generated or degenerated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC cyclone separator for the separation of particles from a dispersion having the particles and a fluid. As a dispersion in particular a suspension is used. The invention further relates to the use of a DC cyclone separator.
  • filters are used, for example, in which the dispersion is passed through a membrane.
  • the particles deposit on the membrane, which must therefore be replaced after a certain time in order to avoid clogging.
  • cyclone separators also referred to as centrifugal separators.
  • the cyclone separators are designed either as countercurrent cyclone separators, also referred to as tangential cyclone separators, or as direct cyclone separators, also referred to as axial separators.
  • volume forces in a swirling flow are e.g. Centrifugal forces and gravitational acceleration.
  • Fluid forces in a swirl flow are, for example, aerodynamic forces that are caused due to a radial velocity gradient. In this case, a buoyancy force due to a gradient of the dynamic pressure acts on particles. The particles are thus sucked in the direction of the faster flow components.
  • the dispersion In the countercurrent cyclone separator, the dispersion is passed into a vessel having a rounded sidewall, such as a barrel or cone, the Introduction is tangential.
  • the axis of the container is thus substantially vertical and perpendicular to the original direction of movement of the dispersion and thus perpendicular to the direction of introduction of the dispersion into the container. Therefore, the dispersion is forced to a circular or spiral shape, which is predetermined by means of the wall of the container. Due to the usually increased weight of the particles they are forced radially outward and braked by the wall. As a result, the particles collect at the bottom of the vessel.
  • the fluid is usually derived from a vertically located above the bottom outlet, which is usually above the Einleitticians of the dispersion in the container. Due to the vertical introduction of the dispersion into the container, a space requirement is increased and retrofitting existing systems with such Gegenstromzyklonabscheider therefore usually not possible. Also, the direction in which the fluid is passed from the countercurrent cyclone separator does not correspond to the direction in which the dispersion is directed into the countercurrent cyclone, and therefore further diversions of the dispersion are required. In addition, a comparatively high pressure loss occurs for the fluid and / or particle separation.
  • the dispersion is placed in a rotational movement about an axis along the direction of movement of the dispersion.
  • the generation of this movement is usually carried out by means of guide vanes, which are arranged within a pipe section of the Gleichstromzyklonabscheiders, or by means of a tangentially introduced secondary flow.
  • the dispersion is also imparted with a velocity in the tangential direction, wherein the maximum velocity of the dispersion, ie its absolute value, is located substantially centrally between a tube wall and the center of the tube.
  • the particles are moved radially outwards, whereas the fluid is moved substantially in the middle of the DC cyclone.
  • the maximum velocity is not at the edge of the tube section, a force acting on particles in the radial direction is reduced the further they move away from the maximum velocity region, which is why only a few particles accumulate in the edge region.
  • the rotation of the dispersion leads to the formation of a Hamel-Oseen vortex, which essentially corresponds to a rigid body vortex in the core region and, subsequently, to a potential vortex in the direction of the pipe wall radially on the outside.
  • this vortex structure results in an area with maximum absolute velocity, which can be considered as a sink with respect to the fluid forces, and to which the particles are moved.
  • the DC cyclone separator can also be retrofitted into existing systems. Also, manufacturing costs of such Gleichstromzyklonabscheiders are reduced. In addition, only a comparatively low pressure loss occurs, since it is not necessary to divert the dispersion perpendicular to the direction of movement. However, as compared with the counter cyclone separator, an efficiency of the DC cyclone separator and a selectivity between the particles and the fluid are reduced. In particular, in the embodiment as a DC hydrocyclone, the deposition rate is further reduced due to the substantially same density of the particles and of the fluid.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a particularly suitable Gleichstromzyklonabscheider and a particularly suitable use of a Gleichstromzyklonabscheiders, advantageously an efficiency is increased.
  • the DC cyclone separator serves to separate particles from a dispersion comprising the particles and a fluid.
  • the dispersion consists of the particles and the fluid.
  • the density of the particles and the density of the fluid are substantially the same.
  • the densities equal to 1 or at least between 0.95 and 1.05 or between 0.99 and 1.01 or between 0.995 and 1.005.
  • the particles have for example a size of 1 nm to 1 ⁇ or preferably greater than 1 ⁇ .
  • the particles have a particle size between 0.1 mm and 1 mm or larger.
  • the particles consist for example of a single substance or of different substances or elements.
  • the particles are heterogeneous. For example, sand at least partially forms the particles.
  • the fluid is for example a gas or more preferably a liquid.
  • the fluid is incompressible and a liquid.
  • the dispersion is a suspension.
  • the fluid is for example water, which is taken in particular a flowing water or a sea.
  • the fluid should be used, for example, as cooling water in an industrial plant or as process water in mining.
  • the fluid is to be supplied to a desalination plant, and the dispersion is seawater in which, for example, particles are present, in particular sand.
  • the DC cyclone separator is an axial separator.
  • the DC cyclone separator is a centrifugal separator which is axiomatic / unidirectional.
  • the dispersion is passed through the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider in a conducting direction, in particular for the deposition, the direction is not changed.
  • the direction is constant. In other words, the direction in which the dispersion or at least the fluid is passed is not changed.
  • the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider comprises a pipe section, which is designed as a hollow cylinder and serves to direct the dispersion in the direction.
  • the dispersion is passed through the hollow cylindrical pipe section during operation.
  • the direction is expediently at least partially parallel to the axis of the hollow cylindrical pipe section.
  • the pipe section has an inner wall, along which thus the dispersion is passed during operation.
  • the hollow cylindrical pipe section has a substantially circular cross section.
  • the hollow cylindrical tube cut free of other components of the DC cyclone, so that it can be relatively freely flowed through the dispersion. In other words, there is no further component within the inner wall and thus a cavity is formed by means of the inner wall.
  • the inner wall of the pipe section has an internal thread.
  • the inner wall has a notch and / or a radially inwardly projecting extension extending helically along the direction.
  • a helix is formed by means of the notch or the projection, that is to say preferably a curve which winds with a pitch around the jacket of a cylinder, the cylinder being provided in particular by means of the inner wall.
  • the internal thread winds around the axis of the hollow cylindrical pipe section.
  • the inner wall over its entire length in the direction of the internal thread.
  • the length of the pipe section is for example equal to the diameter of the pipe section or larger than the diameter of the pipe section, greater than or equal to twice the diameter of the pipe section or greater than or equal to three times the pipe section.
  • the length of the pipe section is greater than or equal to 10 times, 20 times, 50 times, 100 times or 150 times the diameter of the pipe section.
  • the internal thread serves to generate the swirl of the dispersion so that, after passing through the internal thread, it has a velocity component tangential, ie perpendicular to the direction of conduction.
  • the swirl generator is the internal thread.
  • the dispersion is set in a rotational movement in addition to the translational movement along the guide direction, wherein the rotational movement is perpendicular to the direction of the guide.
  • the tangential velocity component is applied by means of the internal thread on the moving along the inner wall layers of the dispersion, which is transmitted due to viscosity or the like to the other, located inside areas of the dispersion.
  • the dispersion has a velocity profile which is not constant.
  • the outer regions of the dispersion ie those which are comparatively close to the inner wall, in particular in the region of the inwardly projecting extension, due to the internal thread on the highest speed.
  • This speed corresponds to the speed which prevails due to the dispersion of the dispersion along the direction of flow, plus the speed which is applied due to the internal thread.
  • the essentially only centrally located part of the dispersion in this case has only the velocity component in the direction of conduction. Due to the viscosity of the dispersion, the velocity increases substantially linearly from the center of the tube section to the inner wall, so that the rotational motion of the dispersion essentially corresponds to that of a solid.
  • the particles due to the centrifugal force, in particular in conjunction with the fluid force comparatively efficiently moved radially outwardly to the inner wall of the pipe section, wherein the force acting on the particles increases in the radial direction with decreasing distance to the inner wall.
  • the farther the particles are moved outwards the more outwardly they move, resulting in a relatively sharp separation between the particles and the fluid in the dispersion.
  • the particles themselves move in particular along the helical path, which is predetermined by the pitch of the internal thread. For separation of the particles from the dispersion no moving parts are required, which reduces construction costs and reduces the risk of error. In addition, an efficiency is increased.
  • the particles themselves are removed by means of a suitable deposition chamber from the fluid, which is expediently connected downstream of the pipe section fluidly.
  • an efficiency ie the ratio of the fluid conducted from the dc cyclone separator to the volume of the dispersion introduced in the dc cyclone separator, of up to 80% is realized by means of the dc cyclone separator, particle separation (particle separation efficiency) of up to 95% being achieved during operation
  • the internal thread has in particular a gear, which is realized by means of the notch (groove).
  • the passage corresponds to the groove, and the passage is configured helically along the guide direction and thus the inner wall is notched to form the passage.
  • the internal thread has a number of such passages.
  • the number of gears between two gears and 100 gears, between 4 gears and 20 gears and, for example, equal to 12 gears which leads to a relatively effective spin generation, in particular a formation of vortices is reduced.
  • manufacturing costs are relatively low.
  • the passages are provided, for example, by means of grooves which, for example, have a substantially rectangular cross-section.
  • the aisles are rounded and the cross section of each gait is suitably shaped like a hedge and / or earmuff.
  • each gait is at least partially helical, in particular logarithmic spiral, designed and / or bent. Consequently, the hollow cylindrical pipe section has a substantially cross-section, which is designed gear or saw blade-shaped.
  • the cross section is designed in the manner of the cross section of a freewheel. Due to the curves, a formation of unwanted eddies is further reduced, which would otherwise reduce efficiency.
  • the pitch angle of the internal thread is constant, for example. However, particularly preferably, the pitch angle in the direction increases. For example, the pitch angle starts at 0 ° and increases continuously, for example, so that formation of vertebrae is further avoided. As a result, the rotational speed of the dispersion continuously increases about an axis along the direction, which further increases the efficiency.
  • the pitch angle of the internal thread corresponds to the pitch angle of any available gears and the pitch angle of the gears is in particular the same, at least at the same position in the direction.
  • the pitch angle is in particular the angle which the internal thread, in particular the gear, encloses with the guide direction.
  • the pitch angle is preferably between 15 ° and 60 ° and, for example, increases between 15 ° and 60 °, suitably continuously or exponentially.
  • the pitch angle is selected such that a subcritical degree of swirl is formed, wherein the degree of swirl is determined in particular on the basis of the ratio of the velocity component in the tangential direction to the velocity component in the guide direction, and this example corresponds. As a result, a turbulence intensity is reduced.
  • a subcritical swirl (reduced turbulence intensity) is formed up to a critical degree of swirl and, from the critical degree of swirl, a supercritical swirl (increased turbulence intensity).
  • the subcritical spin is particularly advantageous.
  • the degree of twist results in particular from the ratio of the tangential to the axial pulse current.
  • the pipe section is fluidly followed by a second pipe section, which is configured as a hollow cylinder.
  • the two pipe sections are expediently arranged coaxially.
  • the second pipe section directly adjoins the pipe section, and the pipe section preferably passes directly into the second pipe section.
  • the pipe section is integrally formed on the second pipe section and thus in one piece, in particular monolithic, with this.
  • the second pipe section preferably has a substantially round cross-section.
  • the second pipe section expediently has the same inner diameter as the pipe section on the side facing the pipe section, which avoids turbulence of the dispersion or of the fluid during the transition from the pipe section to the second pipe section.
  • the second pipe section thus also has an inner wall, and the dispersion or at least the fluid and the particles separated therefrom are likewise guided in the direction of the second pipe section during operation, namely from the pipe section.
  • the inner wall of the second pipe section has, for example, at least in sections, in particular completely, also an internal thread, wherein the internal thread of the pipe section expediently passes directly into the internal thread of the second pipe section.
  • the passage or passages of the internal threads are aligned with each other.
  • the pitch angle of the internal thread of the pipe section at the transition is equal to the pitch angle of the internal thread of the second pipe section.
  • the inner wall of the second pipe section is designed to be smooth at least in sections, in particular completely, in the second pipe section a bluff body is arranged. This is in particular centrally within the second pipe section, that is positioned centrally within the second pipe section and preferably on the axis of the second pipe section.
  • the bluff body is rotationally or more preferably rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis of the second pipe section.
  • the bluff body is particularly flow-optimized.
  • the bluff body is designed, for example, teardrop-shaped, wherein the thickened end is directed in particular in the direction of the pipe section. In this way, a fluidic resistance of the bluff body is reduced, and turbulence is avoided.
  • radially outwardly extending vanes are connected, in particular integrally formed In other words, the course of the vanes on at least one component in the radial direction.
  • the vanes extend between the bluff body and the inner wall of the second pipe section, that is, at least partially radially and outwardly with respect to the bluff body.
  • the guide vanes extend at least partially tangentially and are preferably configured spirally curved.
  • the vanes are spaced from the inner wall of the second pipe section.
  • the radially outer portion of the dispersion is relatively moderately influenced by the vanes. Because of the spacing of the vanes from the inner wall of the second pipe section, the rotational movement of the dispersion remains, so that after passing through the bluff body and the guide vanes also continues to have the rotational movement. The vanes in particular cause a maintenance of the twist.
  • the spacing of the guide vanes from the outer wall has, in particular, the effect that the absolute velocity of the swirl flow on the outer wall remains maximally maintained. Due to the bluff body, the dispersion is forced radially outwardly from the center of the second pipe section, while maintaining the rotational movement of the dispersion due to the pipe section.
  • the particles are forced radially outward and further accelerated due to the rotational movement in the direction of the inner wall of the second pipe section.
  • the increased centrifugal force and / or the fluid force acts on the radially outwardly moving particles, which is why even particles located in the fluid downstream of the pipe section are deposited toward the inner wall of the second pipe section.
  • essentially only the fluid is again moved into the middle of the second pipe section, so that substantially only the outer regions of the dispersion still have the particles.
  • the inner regions of the dispersion essentially have only the fluid moved inwards after the bluff body.
  • an efficiency is improved due to the bluff body and the vanes.
  • the vanes are suitably inclined with respect to the direction.
  • the guide vanes are inclined with respect to the axis of the hollow cylindrical second pipe section and thus arranged obliquely to the latter.
  • the vanes suitably form an external thread connected to the bluff body. Due to the inclination, the dispersion is also continued to rotate in operation by means of the vanes, or at least maintain the rotational motion of the dispersion.
  • the angle of inclination of the vanes is equal to the pitch angle of the internal thread.
  • the vanes have the same pitch angle as the internal thread. If the pitch angle of the internal thread is variable, in particular the pitch angle / inclination angle of the guide vanes is equal to the pitch angle of the internal thread at the transition from the pipe section to the second pipe section, provided that the second pipe section has no internal thread. If the second pipe section also has the internal thread, the pitch angle of the guide vanes is equal to the pitch angle of the internal thread of the second pipe section. If the pitch angle of the internal thread of the second pipe section is variable, in particular also the pitch angle of the guide vanes is variable and expediently changes according to the pitch angle of the internal thread.
  • the pitch angle of the guide vanes is advantageously equal to the pitch angle of the internal thread at the same position in the axial direction and / or in the direction. Due to the inclination of the guide vanes is thus the rotational movement, which is caused by the internal thread, reinforced or at least maintained. Consequently, the vanes are also used for swirl generation or at least swirl maintenance.
  • the length of the guide vanes in the direction of the guide is preferably reduced with decreasing distance to the inner wall.
  • the length of the guide vanes overflowed by the dispersion decreases toward the inner wall.
  • the dispersion on the tube wall substantially retains the original velocity prevailing upon exit from the tube section, and the dispersion continues to exhibit substantially rotational motion similar to that of a solid. In this way, a separation of the particles from the fluid is further improved.
  • the cross section of the guide vanes has a wake.
  • the vane cross section is spiral.
  • the bluff body and / or the vanes are made of a plastic.
  • the bluff body and vanes are integral (monolithic).
  • at the bluff body between 3 vanes or 20 vanes and suitably 4 vanes or 8 vanes are connected.
  • a flow resistance is comparatively low, yet there is an efficient maintenance or introduction of the rotational movement in the dispersion.
  • the second pipe section is widened on the opposite side of the pipe section.
  • the inner diameter of the second pipe section increases continuously or at least from a certain point of the second pipe section, the inner diameter increases continuously.
  • a step or the like is present.
  • a hollow cylindrical third pipe section is upstream of the pipe section fluidly, in particular directly.
  • the third pipe section goes in particular into the pipe section and the pipe sections are expediently formed on each other, in particular in one piece, for example monolithic.
  • the axes of the hollow cylindrical pipe sections are parallel to each other, preferably the same.
  • the third pipe section is arranged coaxially to the pipe section, and / or the pipe section has the same inner diameter as the third pipe section.
  • the cross section of the third pipe section is circular, for example.
  • a further bluff body is arranged, in particular centrally.
  • the bluff body is arranged, for example, centrally on the axis of the hollow cylindrical third pipe section and suitably rotatable or rotationally symmetrical with respect to this configured.
  • the further guide vanes extend at least partially radially outwards from the further bluff body.
  • the vanes are connected to an inner wall of the third pipe section.
  • the further vanes serve to direct the dispersion.
  • the bluff body is omitted and the further vanes are molded together.
  • the pipe section serves to "homogenize / calm" the swirl flow, in particular the length of the pipe section being at least ten times the (inner) diameter of the pipe section.
  • the further vanes are preferably at least partially inclined with respect to the direction.
  • the further guide vanes have a pitch angle with the guide direction or at least the axis of the third tube section.
  • the pitch angle is constant.
  • the pitch angle is not constant and the guide vanes are thus configured bent. Due to the inclination of the guide vanes, a swirling movement is introduced into the dispersion even before entry into the pipe section, ie a rotational movement about the axis of the third pipe section. In other words, during operation, the dispersion already partially enters the pipe section in a rotating manner.
  • any turbulences within the dispersion are reduced and a motion image, in particular a velocity profile of the dispersion, homogenized, so that the dispersion essentially has the velocity profile of a rotating solid when exiting the pipe section.
  • the velocity component increases in the tangential direction with increasing radial distance to the central axis of the pipe section, in particular linear.
  • the pitch angle of the internal thread on the side facing the third pipe section is different from 0 ° and in particular corresponds to the angle of inclination of Guide vanes with respect to the direction on the pipe section facing side. As a result, the swirl flow is calmed in particular.
  • the tube section is preferably downstream of a separation chamber fluidly. If the second pipe section is present, in this case the separation chamber downstream of the second pipe section fluidly, in particular directly. If the second pipe section is not present, the separation device is, for example, directly downstream of the pipe section.
  • the separation chamber itself has a separation tube, which is arranged in particular coaxially to the pipe section, preferably coaxially to the second pipe section, if this is present.
  • the separator tube (dip tube) itself, for example, has a substantially round cross-section perpendicular to the direction of conduction. Conveniently, the separation tube is aligned substantially parallel to the direction.
  • the inner diameter of the separator tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube section.
  • the separating tube On the circumference, the separating tube is surrounded by a collecting chamber. Due to the movement of the particles in the direction of the inner wall of the pipe section, in this case the particles are moved into the collecting chamber (secondary volume flow), whereas the fluid enters the separating pipe (primary volume flow).
  • the deposition chamber a fluid purified by the particles as well as the particles are provided, wherein in these essentially only comparatively small traces of the fluid are present.
  • the catchment chamber directly surrounds the separation tube, which has, for example, a comparatively thin wall.
  • the separation pipe is at least partially closed on the side opposite the pipe section by means of a cone or the like, wherein in particular between the edge of the separation pipe and the cone a circumferential slot is formed. In operation, the fluid exits through the slot.
  • the tip of the cone protrudes into the separation tube, and the cone is expediently arranged coaxially to the separation tube.
  • the cone serves in particular as a dynamic pressure body and / or for regulating the pressure ratio se / speed conditions at the inlet of the separator tube.
  • the separation pipe is provided for example with a connection for a line.
  • the inner diameter of the separating tube is widened on the side opposite the pipe section.
  • the inner diameter increases from the beginning of the separation tube on the side of the pipe section in the direction of. As a result, a speed of the fluid is reduced during operation
  • a DC cyclone separator having a hollow cylindrical pipe section for conducting a dispersion in a direction of conduction, wherein an inner wall of the pipe section has an internal thread, is used to deposit particles from the dispersion comprising the particles and an incompressible fluid such as a liquid.
  • the dispersion is a suspension.
  • the dispersion consists of the particles and the incompressible fluid, wherein the fluid is for example a mixture of different liquids.
  • the fluid is, for example, a water or includes this.
  • the particles are, for example, homogeneous or particularly preferably heterogeneous and suitably have a particle size greater than 1 ⁇ m, greater than 0.1 mm or greater than 1 mm.
  • the DC cyclone separator is used in an industrial plant, in particular for providing cooling water.
  • the DC cyclone is used in mining, especially for providing process water.
  • the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider is used for pre-cleaning in a desalination plant, by means of which in particular seawater is desalinated.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a direct-current cyclone separator with a pipe section whose inner wall has an internal thread, and with a nem second pipe section in which a bluff body is arranged with attached and extending radially outward vanes
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically a development of Gleichstromzyklonabscheiders
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section of a development of the second pipe section and a bluff body with attached guide vanes.
  • Fig. 1 is shown schematically simplified in a section along a longitudinal axis 2, a Gleichstromzyklonabscheider 4 is shown.
  • the DC cyclone separator 4 is used to filter a dispersion 6 consisting of an incompressible fluid 8 in the form of water and particles 10 in the form of sand and thus to separate the particles 10 from the dispersion 6, so that the incompressible fluid 8 in FIG Essentially pure.
  • the dispersion 6 is thus a suspension.
  • the direct cyclone separator 4 is connected upstream of a desalination plant, and the dispersion 6 is taken from the sea, so that the fluid 8 is seawater.
  • the present in the seawater particles 10 would damage the desalination plant or at least reduce their efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary that the particles 10, that is, the sand, and other solid constituents present in the seawater be removed from the seawater.
  • the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider 4 has a hollow cylindrical pipe section 12 and a fluidly downstream second pipe section 14, which is also designed as a hollow cylinder.
  • the second pipe section 14 is integrally formed on the pipe section 12 and arranged coaxially with the pipe section 12.
  • the inner diameter of the pipe section 12 is constant and equal to the inner diameter of the second pipe section 14 on the pipe section 12 facing side.
  • the second pipe section 14 is widened, so that its inner diameter increases.
  • Fluid technology is the second pipe section 14, a separation chamber 16 downstream, which is thus also downstream of the pipe section 12 fluidly.
  • the separation chamber 16 has a collecting chamber 18 with a guide tube 20, which is integrally formed on the second pipe section 14 on the pipe section 12 opposite side.
  • the second pipe section 14 is widened at a continuous distance from the pipe section 12, and also the guide tube 20 is widened with increasing distance to the pipe section 12.
  • the inner diameter of the guide tube 20 on the second pipe section 14 facing side is equal to the inner diameter of the second pipe section 14.
  • the guide tube 20 is arranged coaxially to the second pipe section 14, ie to the longitudinal axis 2, so that a comparatively planar transition between them is present ,
  • a separator tube 22 is arranged, the inner diameter on the side of the tube section 12 and the other tube section 14 is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube section 12 and thus smaller than the inner diameter of the second pipe section 14 is.
  • the inner diameter of the separating tube 22 is widened with increasing distance to the tube section 12, wherein the length of the separating tube 22, over which this is widened, corresponds to the length of the guide tube 20. In other words, the separation tube 22 is widened in the region within which it is located in the guide tube 20.
  • a circumferential gap 24 is formed between the guide tube 20 and the separator tube 22, the cross-sectional area increases steadily / exponentially in the direction of the pipe section 12 away.
  • the length of the separating tube 22 is greater than the length of the guide tube 20, and on the guide tube 20, a partition wall 26 for limiting the collecting chamber 18 is connected at a distance from the guide tube 20, in particular integrally formed.
  • the separation pipe 22 is at least partially surrounded by the collecting chamber 18.
  • a circumferential slot 30 is formed between the dynamic pressure body 28 and the separator tube 22.
  • the hollow cylindrical pipe section 12 has an inner wall 32, which forms the boundary of the pipe section 32 in the radial direction inwards.
  • the area within the inner wall 32 is free of further constituents of the DC cyclone separator 4, so that the pipe section 12 in operation of the dispersion 6 in a direction 34 which is parallel to the longitudinal axis 2 and directed from the pipe section 12 in the direction of the deposition chamber 16 substantially can be flowed through freely.
  • the inner wall 32 has an internal thread 36 with twelve passages 38.
  • the length of the pipe section 12 in the direction 34 is, for example, equal to 6.5 m.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the tube section 12 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 2.
  • the gears 38 are rounded and configured in the manner of handles or ears, so that a circular saw blade-shaped cross-section of the pipe section 12 results.
  • a pitch angle 40 is formed in each case, wherein all pitch angles 40 of the gears 38 at each cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 2 are equal.
  • the gears 38 are at a constant tangential distance and therefore parallel to each other.
  • the pitch angle 40 increase in the direction 34.
  • the aisles 38 in the direction at the beginning of the pipe section 12 at an angle of 15 °.
  • the internal thread 36 and thus all gears 38 At the transition of the pipe section to the second pipe section 14, the internal thread 36 and thus all gears 38, however, a pitch angle of 45 °.
  • the increase of the pitch angle 40 is linear or exponential.
  • the course of the gears 38 is helically around the longitudinal axis 2 around, wherein the distance of the individual Helix- turns (helix) in the direction 34 decreases due to the increase of the pitch angle. In other words, it is a compressed helix (helix).
  • the second pipe section 14 has an inner wall 41 with an internal thread 42, which also has twelve courses. The aisles 38 of the thread 36 of the pipe section 12 go directly into the passages of the internal thread 42 of the second pipe section 14 and aligned therewith.
  • the pitch angle 40 of the thread 42 of the second pipe section 14 is constant and is 45 °.
  • a bluff body 44 which is shown in perspective in FIG. 3, is arranged, which is designed drop-shaped and made of a plastic.
  • the thickened end of the pipe section 12 faces, and the tapered end points in the direction of the deposition chamber 16.
  • the bluff body 44 in the direction of the deposition chamber 16 pointed expiring, lenticular contour.
  • the bluff body 44 has a rotationally symmetrical shape of the upper airfoil contour.
  • the rotationally symmetrical bluff body 44 is arranged centrally within the second pipe section 14 and thus rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the maximum extent of the bluff body 44 in the radial direction, ie perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 2 is substantially equal to half the diameter of the pipe section 12. The maximum extent depends in particular on the flow velocity and the particles to be separated.
  • vanes 46 At the bluff body 44 eight radially outwardly extending vanes 46 are connected, of which only four are shown.
  • the vanes 46 are spaced from the inner wall 41 of the second pipe section 14 and inclined with respect to the direction of conduction 34, so that they are wrapped around the bluff body 44 and thus form an external thread.
  • the pitch angle (inclination angle) of the guide vanes 46 with respect to the direction 34 is equal to the pitch angle 40 of the internal thread 36 at the transition to the second thread 42 and equal to the pitch angle of the internal thread 42 of the second pipe section 41 and thus equal to 45 °.
  • the length of the guide vanes 46 that is to say their extent in the guide direction 34, is reduced with increasing distance from the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the guide vanes 46 are also configured in a substantially drop-shaped in a lateral plan view.
  • the guide vanes 46 extend in this case in cross section (tube cross section) radially (lying straight on the radius).
  • the Cross section of the vanes 46 a caster. That is, the vane cross section follows a spiral contour.
  • the dispersion 6 is introduced into the pipe section 12 in the direction of line 34 through an inlet opening 48, which is located on the side opposite the second pipe section 14.
  • the dispersion 6 has essentially only one velocity component in the direction of conduction 34. Due to the internal thread 36, the dispersion in the region of the inner wall 32 is set in a rotational movement about the longitudinal axis 2. Due to the viscosity of the dispersion 6, this velocity component is also transferred to regions of the dispersion 6 which are spaced from the inner wall 32. As a result, the velocity component of the dispersion 6 is greater perpendicular to the direction 34, the further the dispersion 6 is located on the inner wall 32.
  • the amount of speed is proportional to the distance from the longitudinal axis 2, which is why the dispersion 6 in addition to the translational movement in the longitudinal direction 34 also has a rotational movement, which is directed about the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the axis of rotation of the dispersion is equal to the longitudinal axis 2. Consequently, the dispersion 6 behaves like a solid in which the velocity component in the tangential direction increases linearly with the distance to the axis of rotation during a rotational movement. Due to the increasing pitch angle 40, the rotational speed of the dispersion 6 is increased with increasing penetration into the pipe section 12. Due to the centrifugal force (volume force) caused by the rotation and the buoyant force (fluid force directed towards the inner wall 32, which is caused by the velocity gradient), the particles 10 are moved radially outward.
  • the dispersion 10 impinges on the bluff body 44 after passing through the pipe section 12, so that the complete dispersion is moved outwards in the radial direction.
  • the rotational movement of the dispersion 6 is maintained.
  • the fluid 8 again in Direction of the longitudinal axis 2 moves, whereas the particles 10 remain radially outward.
  • the particles 10 therefore have a greater distance from the longitudinal axis 2 than the opening of the separating tube 22, which is why the particles 10 reach the gap 24 and thus into the collecting chamber 18. There they meet the partition 26 and are thus prevented from moving further in the direction 34.
  • the fluid 8 is offset inwards in the direction of the longitudinal axis 2 with respect to the inner wall 41 of the second tube section 14 and enters the separating tube 22. There, this impinges on the dynamic pressure body 18 and is discharged via the slot 30 from the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider 4.
  • the inner diameter of the separating tube 22 on the side of the second tube section 14 it is possible to set a purity of the fluid 8 or of the particles 10.
  • the inlet opening 48 is a hollow cylindrical third pipe section 50 fluidly upstream.
  • a further modification is not present, so that the pipe section 12, the second pipe section 14, the deposition chamber 16, the bluff body 44 and the guide vanes 46 are left unchanged.
  • the length of the pipe section 12 is shortened.
  • the third pipe section 14 has the same inner diameter as the pipe section 12 and is arranged concentrically to this.
  • the third pipe section 50 is integrally formed on the pipe section 12 and thus in one piece, ie monolithic, with this.
  • a further baffle body 52 is arranged, which is designed cylindrical or flow-optimized and arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 2.
  • On the opposite side of the pipe section 12 side of the other bluff body 52 is designed dome-shaped, summarizing the bluff body 52 is located centrally in the third pipe section 50, wherein the further bluff body 52 is spaced from an inner wall 54 of the third pipe section.
  • further vanes 56 are connected. There are here ten more vanes 56 available.
  • the further guide vanes 56 extend radially and are connected to the further bluff body 52 and to the inner wall 54 of the third tube section 50. the and on these molded.
  • the further vanes 56 with respect to the direction 34, ie with respect to the longitudinal axis 2, partially formed inclined and bent.
  • the dispersion 6 is introduced into the third pipe section 50 on the side opposite the pipe section 12 during operation and is already set into the rotational movement with respect to the longitudinal axis 2 by means of the further guide blades 56.
  • the dispersion 6 is forced past the baffle body 52 and the inner wall 54 of the third tube section 50 and the further guide vanes 56. Because of the bending of the further vanes 56, the rotational speed of the dispersion 6 increases with increasing passage in the direction of direction 34.
  • the further bluff body 52 is omitted, and the further vanes 56 are connected to each other in the middle of the third pipe section 50.
  • the velocity profile of the dispersion 6 after passage of the bluff body 52 and the further guide vanes 56 is such that the maximum velocity of the dispersion is present substantially midway between the inner wall 54 of the third tube section 50 and the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the thus rotated in rotation dispersion 6 is passed into the pipe section 12.
  • a change in the velocity profile is achieved, so that the (absolute) velocity of the dispersion 6 is increased with increasing distance to the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the dispersion 6 when leaving the pipe section 12 on a velocity profile as a rotating solid.
  • the rotational speed of the dispersion 6 increases linearly with increasing distance to the longitudinal axis 2.
  • a separation of the particles 10 from the incompatible fluid 8. Therefore, after passage of the second pipe section 14, the particles 10 in Essentially completely through the gap 24 and the fluid 8 discharged through the slot 30 from the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider.
  • the tube section 12 which is configured in the manner of a swirl tube, the swirl generation of the dispersion 6 takes place. In other words, the dispersion 6 is set into a rotational movement.
  • the dispersion 6 is caused to rotate due to a pressure pulse input occurring due to the gears 38 having the pitch angle 40 with respect to the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the aisles 38 are not rounded, but are designed, for example, square.
  • at least the pipe section 12 has the internal thread 32, which comprises a plurality of threads 38.
  • the other vanes 56 are present, by means of the internal thread 36, a homogenization of the rotational movement of the dispersion 6, so the length of the pipe section 12, so its extension in the direction 34, can be reduced.
  • a swirl structure is introduced into the dispersion 6, which corresponds to a pure rigid body rotation (solid-state rotation).
  • the tangential velocity profile increases in particular from the tube center axis, ie from the longitudinal axis 2, radially outward to linear. Consequently, the maximum absolute velocity of the dispersion 6 is substantially at the inner wall 32 of the pipe section 12 and on the inner wall 41 of the second pipe section 14.
  • the particles 10 are exposed to a centrifugally symmetric point from the central axis, ie the longitudinal axis 2, outwardly acting centrifugal force.
  • the particles 10 are moved radially outwards, whereas the fluid 8 remains in the middle of the pipe sections 12, 14 due to the reduced density and the acting forces.
  • the particles 10 are entrained by faster flow rates of the dispersion 6. Since the comparatively rapid flow components are offset towards the inner wall 32 of the tube section 12 and to the inner wall 41 of the second tube section 14, the particles 10 are moved comparatively efficiently radially outward.
  • the bluff body 44 is disposed within the second pipe section 14 and fluidly in front of the deposition chamber 16. The bluff body 44 is designed in particular flow-optimized. In this way, detachment areas and associated turbulence in the wake are particularly avoided.
  • the vanes 56 have the same pitch as the internal thread 36 and / or the internal thread 42 of the second pipe section 14, if it is present on.
  • the overflowed length of the guide vanes 46 decreases toward the inner wall 41 of the second pipe section 14 and is advantageously comparatively small on the inner wall 41.
  • the swirl flow of the dispersion 6 in the region of the inner wall 41 of the second pipe section 14 maintains its maximum speed.
  • the dispersion 6 in the region of the inner wall 41 of the second pipe section 14 the highest speed in the tangential direction and / or in the direction 34.
  • the structure of the rigid body rotation of the dispersion 6 is maintained even after passage and passage of the second pipe section 14.
  • the particles 10 contained in the dispersion 6 are due to the geometry of the bluff body 44 to the outside, in a region of comparatively fast flow, in particular comparatively high speed in the tangential direction, urged and in particular supported by this. As a result, the particles 10 do not reach the center of the pipe again after passage of the bluff body 46, and thus not to the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the separation of the particles 10 takes place by means of the deposition chamber 14.
  • the geometric configuration of the separation tube 22 and the guide tube 10 and the gap 24 formed therebetween is crucial for the selectivity, so the percentage of deposited particles 10 and for the efficiency, ie the ratio of from the DC cyclone 4 out out of the fluid 8 to the volume of introduced in the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider dispersion 6.
  • Due to the internal thread 36 is the rotation of the dispersion 6 optimized in terms of fluid mechanics. Due to the bluff body 44 in conjunction with the internal thread 36, an optimized separation of the particles 10 takes place.
  • the direct-current cyclone separator 4 serves to separate the particles 10 from a compressible or incompressible fluid 8.
  • the dispersion 6 is set into rotation by means of the tube section 12 designed as a spiral tube.
  • the inner wall 32 has the internal thread 36 with a plurality of passages 38, which ideally have the increasing lead angle 40 in the guide direction 34, which corresponds to the flow direction of the dispersion 6.
  • the swirl structure of the dispersion produced in this way is similar to a pure rigid body rotation (solid-state rotation) with a radially outwardly linearly increasing velocity profile in the tangential direction.
  • the rotating dispersion 6 After passing through the pipe section 12, the rotating dispersion 6 is directed around a bluff body 44 which is positioned in the center of the second pipe section 14 and in front of the deposition chamber 16. Due to the bluff body 44, the proportion of the particles 10 which are located after passing through the second pipe section 14 in the region around the pipe center axis, ie in the region around the longitudinal axis 2, and the particles 10 are in the direction of the inner wall 41 of the second pipe section 14 distracted.
  • the bluff body 44 and the guide vanes 46 are designed to be flow-optimized and shaped such that the Drailströmung further on the inner wall 41 of the second pipe section 14 has the maximum speed, which is why the particles 10 located in the dispersion 6 are forced outwards. These are separated from the fluid 8 by means of the deposition chamber 16.
  • the invention relates to a dc cyclone separator 4, also referred to as a unidirectional particle cyclone separator or axial particle cyclone separator (centrifugal separator).
  • a dc cyclone separator 4 also referred to as a unidirectional particle cyclone separator or axial particle cyclone separator (centrifugal separator).
  • This is provided and suitable in particular for the separation of particles 10 from a dispersion 6, the dispersion 6 having the incompressible fluid 8 and preferably consisting of the incompressible fluid 8 and the particles 10.
  • the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider 4 has the pipe section 12 with the internal thread 36.
  • the pipe section 12 has an at least thread-like inner tube wall, wherein the internal thread 36 of the swirl generation, so the displacement of the dispersion 6 in the rotational movement in addition to the translational movement along the longitudinal direction 34 is used.
  • the thread pitch, ie the pitch angle 40 of the internal thread 36 increases along the guide direction
  • the Gleichstromzyklonabscheider 4 the second pipe section 14, in the center of the flow-optimized designed baffle 44 is arranged, on which the helically configured guide vanes 46 are connected.
  • the pitch of the helical guide vanes 46 corresponds to the largest thread pitch, ie the largest pitch angle 40 of the internal thread 36.
  • the overflowed length of the guide vanes 46 decreases to the inner wall 41 of the second pipe section 14.
  • the second pipe section 14 is widened on the side facing away from the pipe section 12.
  • the inner diameter is increased.
  • the direct-current cyclone separator 4 preferably has the separation chamber 16 with the separation tube 22, which is inserted into the guide tube 20 in the counterflow direction, that is to say counter to the direction of conduction 34.
  • the ram pressure body 28 is inserted into the separation pipe 22, wherein between the slot 30 is formed.
  • the downstream end of the separator tube 22 is that end of the separator tube 22, which faces away from the tube section 12.
  • the separating tube 22 is arranged coaxially to the tube section 12, the second tube section 14 and the guide tube 20, and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the separating tube 22 in the counterflow direction, ie on the side of the second tube section 14, reduced and thus narrowed.
  • a development of the second pipe section 14 is shown in a cross section.
  • the guide vanes 46 are modified.
  • On the bluff body 44 are rotationally symmetrically eight guide vanes 46 connected, of which only a single one is shown, and which are configured spirally.
  • the guide vanes 46 additionally have a course in the tangential direction.
  • the vanes 46 have a wake with respect to the twist.

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  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un cyclone dépoussiéreur à courant continu (4) pour la séparation de particules (10) d'une dispersion (6), en particulier d'une suspension, comprenant les particules (10) et un fluide (8), le cyclone étant pourvu d'une partie tubulaire (12) cylindrique creuse destinée à guider la dispersion (6) dans une direction de guidage (34). Une paroi intérieure (32) de la partie tubulaire (12) présente un filet intérieur (36) dont l'angle d'inclinaison (40) augmente dans la direction de guidage (34).
EP18758550.0A 2017-08-04 2018-08-03 Cyclone dépoussiéreur à courant continu Pending EP3661653A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017213608.1A DE102017213608B4 (de) 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 Gleichstromzyklonabscheider
PCT/EP2018/071193 WO2019025617A1 (fr) 2017-08-04 2018-08-03 Cyclone dépoussiéreur à courant continu

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3661653A1 true EP3661653A1 (fr) 2020-06-10

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EP18758550.0A Pending EP3661653A1 (fr) 2017-08-04 2018-08-03 Cyclone dépoussiéreur à courant continu

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US (1) US11440028B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3661653A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017213608B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019025617A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019008657A1 (de) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-17 Daimler Ag Partikelabscheider für Batteriepacks und Batteriepack mit Partikelabscheider
DE102021123886A1 (de) 2021-09-06 2023-03-09 Berbel Ablufttechnik Gmbh Dunstabzugshaube mit Gleichstromzyklon
DE102022104631B4 (de) 2022-02-25 2024-05-23 Tayyar Yücel Bayrakci Gleichstromzyklonabscheider

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FR2294489A1 (fr) 1974-12-13 1976-07-09 Thomson Csf Dispositif pour le trace programme de dessins par bombardement de particules
FR2334421A1 (fr) * 1975-12-12 1977-07-08 Facet Enterprises Dispositif a ecoulement axial pour le nettoyage d'un gaz
EP0344750B1 (fr) 1988-06-02 1994-09-07 Cyclofil (Proprietary) Limited Séparateur à tube vortex
GB2287895B (en) 1993-11-16 1997-09-10 Rolls Royce Plc Improvements in or relating to particle separation
NL1012451C1 (nl) 1999-06-28 2001-01-02 Cds Engineering B V Inrichting en werkwijze voor het scheiden van aardgas en water.
US6500345B2 (en) * 2000-07-31 2002-12-31 Maritime Solutions, Inc. Apparatus and method for treating water
DE10038282C2 (de) * 2000-08-04 2003-04-17 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Hydrozyklon und dessen Verwendung
US6540917B1 (en) * 2000-11-10 2003-04-01 Purolator Facet Inc. Cyclonic inertial fluid cleaning apparatus
NO318709B1 (no) * 2000-12-22 2005-05-02 Statoil Asa Innretning for separasjon av en vaeske fra en flerfase-fluidstrom
US6921424B2 (en) * 2002-08-06 2005-07-26 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Dust pre-separator for an automobile engine
DE10340122A1 (de) 2003-08-30 2004-02-26 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Partikeln aus einem Mediumstrom
CN101384372A (zh) * 2006-02-20 2009-03-11 国际壳牌研究有限公司 在线分离器
CA2761013C (fr) * 2009-05-12 2016-01-12 Advanced Tail-End Oil Company N.V. Dispositif et procede de separation dote d'un flux de retour de la fraction lourde
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NO341179B1 (en) 2015-08-28 2017-09-04 Fjords Proc As Axial flow demister

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US11440028B2 (en) 2022-09-13
WO2019025617A1 (fr) 2019-02-07
DE102017213608B4 (de) 2020-06-18
US20200164388A1 (en) 2020-05-28
DE102017213608A1 (de) 2019-02-07

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