EP3658436B1 - Cable or similar transport installation, and vehicle suitable for such installation - Google Patents
Cable or similar transport installation, and vehicle suitable for such installation Download PDFInfo
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- EP3658436B1 EP3658436B1 EP18782477.6A EP18782477A EP3658436B1 EP 3658436 B1 EP3658436 B1 EP 3658436B1 EP 18782477 A EP18782477 A EP 18782477A EP 3658436 B1 EP3658436 B1 EP 3658436B1
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 20
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B7/00—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks
- B61B7/06—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks with self-propelled vehicles
Definitions
- This description relates to installations for transporting passengers or goods.
- the present description is more particularly concerned with transport installations using a traction member to drive one or more vehicles along a circuit.
- the traction member is typically a cable.
- Other types of organs such as ropes, chains, belts, etc. can also be used in certain applications.
- Cableway modes of transport can take the form of cable cars, gondolas, chairlifts, funiculars, trains, etc.
- the vehicles, of the trolley, cabin, wagon, bucket or seat type for example usually move at the same speed as their traction cable.
- Electric vehicles are another form of transportation that is developing, especially in urban areas. These vehicles have a battery-based, hydrogen-capacitor electric energy storage system. They are able to move independently, accelerate, brake, travel at constant speed, climb slopes, descend them, recover braking and descent energies and can have an on-board intelligence managing multiple information related to their running support (road, rail, ...) and their environment. They are sometimes able to communicate with other vehicles, for example to manage distances between vehicles.
- One of the drawbacks of this type of vehicle is its limited range and the cost of its energy recharging system.
- An object of the present invention is to give greater operating flexibility to a transport installation using cables or other traction members.
- the vehicle generator system includes at least one generator that can be activated to supply energy to the storage system when the vehicle is coupled to the traction member and driven along the circuit by the traction member.
- the motor system of the vehicle comprises at least one motor which can be activated to receive energy from the storage system and to set the vehicle in motion with respect to the fixed support.
- the installation makes it possible to circulate one or more vehicles while being able to use the work provided by the traction unit to store energy with a view to restoring it in phases where the vehicle needs to move in such a way. autonomous.
- the vehicle need not always travel at the same speed as the traction unit along the circuit.
- the installation makes it possible to optimize transport times and to cover sections of the route that do not have a traction device.
- the transport installation may comprise at least one loading / unloading station of the vehicle adjacent to at least one circuit defined by a respective traction member and comprising a fixed support for supporting the moving vehicle at the loading / unloading station.
- the infrastructure can therefore be relatively simple since it is possible to provide external energy only to the traction members.
- the transport installation may also include a vehicle circulation path including several sections, each section comprising a traction member extending along a respective circuit between two ends of the section.
- a fixed support is arranged between the ends of two consecutive sections of the path so that the vehicle moves between the two consecutive sections by activating at least one motor of the engine system of the vehicle while being supported by the fixed support.
- the autonomy conferred on the vehicle (s) apart from the sections equipped with traction units makes it possible in particular to easily manage the bends that the journey includes, without having to have complex mechanical systems available to deflect the traction units.
- the motor system comprises at least one motor which can be controlled to move the vehicle relative to the traction member during a movement of the vehicle along the circuit.
- the vehicle may comprise a first set of at least one wheel capable of rolling on the fixed support while being driven by a motor of the motor system and a second set of at least one wheel capable of resting on the traction member.
- At least one wheel of the second set is arranged to participate in the coupling of the vehicle to the traction member when it is supported on the traction member.
- the coupling by the wheel can optionally be completed by a disengageable mechanism of the gripper type or the like.
- the coupling of the vehicle to the traction member can in particular be achieved by this wheel (or these wheels) when it (s) bear (bear) on the traction member, by the effect of the friction between this wheel ( or these wheels) and the traction unit. It will be noted that such a friction coupling does not exclude the vehicle from being mobile with respect to the traction member.
- a wheel of the second set (or several) is driven, in one direction or the other, by a motor to make the vehicle move faster or slower than the traction member, while remaining coupled to it. It is also possible, in particular in downhill sections of the route, for a wheel of the second set (or more) to actuate a generator to recover part of the energy.
- the motor system can be adapted to control at least one wheel among the wheels of the first and second sets so that the vehicle is moved with a speed V 1 relative to the fixed support and a speed V 2 relative to the 'traction member, the speeds V 1 and V 2 being such that the difference V 1 - V 2 is equal to the speed V of movement of the traction member relative to the fixed support.
- At least one wheel of the first set is controllable to communicate energy to at least one generator of the generator system when it is rotated by the movement of the vehicle coupled to the traction member.
- At least one wheel of the second assembly is controllable to communicate energy to at least one generator of the generator system when it is rotated while the vehicle is supported by the fixed support.
- the installation shown here can be used to transport passengers and / or all kinds of freight. It includes one or more vehicles that can travel along one or more routes.
- the simple route schematized on the figure 1 comprises two successive sections 10 between two loading / unloading stations 11.
- the sections shown are rectilinear, and there is between them a transition zone 12 forming a bend.
- Each section of the path corresponds to a traction member which is constituted by a cable 15 in the remainder of the present description ( figures 2 and 3 ), without this being limiting.
- the cable 15 is arranged in a circuit corresponding to the section of the route, and it is driven along this circuit by one or more motors forming part of the transport infrastructure and actuated by an external energy source, for example a network. electricity distribution.
- one or more support pulleys can be located along the circuit to compensate for the weight of the coupling portion of the cable 15.
- one or more pulleys can be provided. deflection along this section 10. Such a deflection pulley has its axis horizontal to the changes in slope of the section 10. Its axis is inclined relative to the horizontal if the section 10 is not rectilinear when viewed from above.
- the cable drive motor or motors 15 act, for example, at one or more of the aforementioned pulleys.
- the traction cable 15 is located on the ground. It is also possible for the traction cable to be located at a height, above or next to the vehicle 20.
- the interface of the first type can conveniently consist of a set of one or more wheels 22.
- this first assembly comprises four wheels 22 distributed around the vehicle 20 and resting on the ground 18.
- a brake (not shown) makes it possible to block the wheels 22 when the vehicle 20 must remain stationary relative to the fixed support 18.
- the coupling of the vehicle 20 to the traction cable 15 can be achieved by means of one or more wheels 24 of the second set.
- the coupling can in particular be carried out by friction.
- An actuator biases the wheel 24 in the direction of the cable 15 so that its periphery is pressed on the cable 15, which performs the coupling.
- a brake (not shown) makes it possible to block the wheel 24 when the vehicle 20 must move at the same speed as the traction cable 15. To avoid disconnections between the wheel 24 and the cable 15, it is possible to provide a groove annular at the periphery of the wheel 24, which then engages the cable in the manner of a pulley.
- the vehicle 20 further comprises an energy storage system 30, an engine system and a generator system.
- the battery 30 is rechargeable with the aid of the generator system, and it can deliver electrical energy to the motor system.
- each of the wheels 22, 24 of the interfaces of the first and second types has its axis connected to a direct current (DC) rotating machine 32, 34 usable either in generator mode to recharge the battery 30, or in motor mode to drive the wheels 22, 24.
- the generator system then comprises the generators 32, 34 formed by the DC machines controlled in generator mode, while the motor system comprises the motors 32, 34 formed by the DC machines controlled in motor mode.
- the elements of the engine system can also be distinct from the elements of the generator system. It is also possible to associate only some of the wheels with elements of the engine system, and only some of the wheels with elements of the generator system.
- the same motor, or the same generator can be associated with several wheels jointly by an appropriate transmission mechanism.
- the DC machines 32, 34 can furthermore be used to selectively brake or block the wheels 22, 24.
- the control of the direct current machines 32, 34 is carried out by a controller (not shown) on board the vehicle 20.
- the controller may include one or more processors executing programs written to control the operating phases of the vehicle while managing the operation. electrical energy stored in the battery 30.
- the controller can be associated with one or more wireless interfaces to communicate with control units of the fixed infrastructure of the transport installation, and / or with controllers of other vehicles of installation.
- the control modes of the vehicles 20 can be very varied, which gives great ease of operation of the transport installation. Some examples are discussed below.
- the latter In another mode of operation of the vehicle 20, the latter is stationary at a location on the circuit, with its wheels 22 locked.
- the generator 34 can be deactivated to decouple the wheel 24 from the traction cable.
- the controller By increasing or decreasing the speed V 1 , the controller then sets an acceleration or deceleration phase of the vehicle.
- the speeds V 1 and V 2 of the vehicle 20 are positive when they have the same orientation as the travel speed V of the cable 15 relative to the fixed support 18, and negative in the opposite case.
- the energy stored in the battery 30 is used to control the motors 32 associated with the wheels 22 in order to operate the necessary movements of the vehicle 20. It is thus possible to stop the vehicles at the stations for loading or unloading, to bring them to places. parking spaces or maintenance stations, putting new vehicles into service, etc.
- This mode of operation is useful in the turn zones 12 of the trips, to avoid having to resort to complex mechanisms to ensure a substantial angular deflection of the cables while maintaining the coupling of the vehicle to the cable to negotiate the turn.
- the vehicle controller then manages the acceleration and deceleration phases required in the vicinity of such a station by controlling the DC machines 32, 34.
- An advantage of the vehicle 20 is that its battery 30 can be relatively small, and therefore inexpensive. Indeed, the opportunities to recharge the battery 30 when the vehicle is moving are numerous, so that there is no need for a large storage capacity.
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
La présente description concerne les installations de transport de passagers ou de marchandises.This description relates to installations for transporting passengers or goods.
La présente description s'intéresse plus particulièrement aux installations de transport utilisant un organe de traction pour entraîner un ou plusieurs véhicules le long d'un circuit. L'organe de traction est typiquement un câble. D'autres types d'organes tels que cordes, chaînes, courroies, etc. sont aussi utilisables dans certaines applications.The present description is more particularly concerned with transport installations using a traction member to drive one or more vehicles along a circuit. The traction member is typically a cable. Other types of organs such as ropes, chains, belts, etc. can also be used in certain applications.
Les modes de transport à câbles peuvent prendre la forme de téléphériques, de télécabines, de télésièges, de funiculaires, de trains, etc. Dans ces installations, les véhicules, de type chariot, cabine, wagonnet, benne ou siège par exemple, se déplacent habituellement à la même vitesse que leur câble de traction.Cableway modes of transport can take the form of cable cars, gondolas, chairlifts, funiculars, trains, etc. In these installations, the vehicles, of the trolley, cabin, wagon, bucket or seat type for example, usually move at the same speed as their traction cable.
Le transport par câbles aériens est utilisé depuis longtemps en montagne. Il peut cependant avoir des applications dans d'autres environnements, avec des pentes plus faibles. Par exemple, les infrastructures de transport dans les agglomérations se heurtent à la saturation des surfaces au sol, particulièrement en centre-ville, ce qui explique que le transport par câbles, notamment par câbles aériens, suscite de l'intérêt.
Le couplage du véhicule au câble de traction peut être fixe ou débrayable. Dans le cas débrayable, une pince mécanique se ferme ou s'ouvre pour attacher le véhicule au câble ou l'en libérer. On peut ainsi arrêter le véhicule ou réduire sa vitesse aux stations. En général les véhicules se déplacent à plus basse vitesse aux stations en étant poussés par des systèmes complémentaires, par exemple de type bande transporteuse ou chaîne. Un exemple d'installation à débrayage est décrit dans
Les véhicules électriques sont un autre moyen de déplacement qui se développe, spécialement en milieu urbain. Ces véhicules possèdent un système de stockage d'énergie électrique à base de batterie, à hydrogène à condensateurs. Ils sont capables de se déplacer de manière autonome, d'accélérer, de freiner, de réaliser des voyages à vitesse constante, de gravir des pentes, de les descendre, de récupérer les énergies de freinage et de descente et peuvent avoir une intelligence embarquée gérant des informations multiples liées à leur support de roulement (route, rail, ...) et à leur environnement. Ils sont parfois capables de communiquer avec d'autres véhicules comme par exemple pour gérer les distances entre véhicules. Un des inconvénients de ce type de véhicule est son autonomie limitée et le coût de son système de recharge d'énergie.
Un but de la présente invention est de donner une plus grande flexibilité d'exploitation à une installation de transport utilisant des câbles ou autres organes de traction.An object of the present invention is to give greater operating flexibility to a transport installation using cables or other traction members.
Il est proposé une installation de transport ayant les caractéristiques de la revendication 1.There is provided a transport facility having the features of claim 1.
Le système générateur du véhicule comprend au moins un générateur activable pour fournir de l'énergie au système de stockage lorsque le véhicule est couplé à l'organe de traction et entraîné le long du circuit par l'organe de traction. Le système moteur du véhicule comprend au moins un moteur activable pour recevoir de l'énergie du système de stockage et mettre en mouvement le véhicule par rapport au support fixe.The vehicle generator system includes at least one generator that can be activated to supply energy to the storage system when the vehicle is coupled to the traction member and driven along the circuit by the traction member. The motor system of the vehicle comprises at least one motor which can be activated to receive energy from the storage system and to set the vehicle in motion with respect to the fixed support.
L'installation permet de faire circuler un ou plusieurs véhicules en étant capable d'utiliser le travail fourni par l'organe de traction pour emmagasiner de l'énergie en vue de la restituer dans des phases où le véhicule a besoin de se déplacer de manière autonome. Il n'est pas nécessaire que le véhicule se déplace toujours à la même vitesse que l'organe de traction le long du circuit. L'installation permet d'optimiser les temps de transport et de parcourir des tronçons de trajet ne disposant pas d'un organe de traction.The installation makes it possible to circulate one or more vehicles while being able to use the work provided by the traction unit to store energy with a view to restoring it in phases where the vehicle needs to move in such a way. autonomous. The vehicle need not always travel at the same speed as the traction unit along the circuit. The installation makes it possible to optimize transport times and to cover sections of the route that do not have a traction device.
L'installation de transport peut comprendre au moins une station de chargement/déchargement du véhicule adjacente à au moins un circuit défini par un organe de traction respectif et comportant un support fixe pour soutenir le véhicule en déplacement à la station de chargement/déchargement.The transport installation may comprise at least one loading / unloading station of the vehicle adjacent to at least one circuit defined by a respective traction member and comprising a fixed support for supporting the moving vehicle at the loading / unloading station.
Il n'est pas indispensable d'équiper ces stations de chargement/déchargement avec des systèmes d'entraînement complémentaires ou des sources d'alimentation en énergie pour que les véhicules s'y déplacent. L'infrastructure peut donc être relativement simple puisqu'il est envisageable de ne fournir de l'énergie externe qu'aux organes de traction.It is not essential to equip these loading / unloading stations with complementary drive systems or energy supply sources for the vehicles to move there. The infrastructure can therefore be relatively simple since it is possible to provide external energy only to the traction members.
L'installation de transport peut encore comprendre un trajet de circulation du véhicule incluant plusieurs tronçons, chaque tronçon comportant un organe de traction s'étendant suivant un circuit respectif entre deux extrémités du tronçon. Un support fixe est disposé entre des extrémités de deux tronçons consécutifs du trajet de façon que le véhicule se déplace entre les deux tronçons consécutifs par activation d'au moins un moteur du système moteur du véhicule en étant soutenu par le support fixe.The transport installation may also include a vehicle circulation path including several sections, each section comprising a traction member extending along a respective circuit between two ends of the section. A fixed support is arranged between the ends of two consecutive sections of the path so that the vehicle moves between the two consecutive sections by activating at least one motor of the engine system of the vehicle while being supported by the fixed support.
L'autonomie conférée au(x) véhicule(s) en dehors des tronçons équipés d'organes de traction permet notamment de gérer facilement les virages que comporte le trajet, sans avoir à disposer des systèmes mécaniques complexes pour dévier les organes de traction.The autonomy conferred on the vehicle (s) apart from the sections equipped with traction units makes it possible in particular to easily manage the bends that the journey includes, without having to have complex mechanical systems available to deflect the traction units.
Il est également proposé un véhicule adapté à l'installation de transport mentionnée ci-dessus, ce véhicule ayant les caractéristiques de la revendication 10.There is also provided a vehicle suitable for the above-mentioned transport facility, this vehicle having the characteristics of
Dans une réalisation du véhicule, le système moteur comprend au moins un moteur commandable pour déplacer le véhicule par rapport à l'organe de traction lors d'un déplacement du véhicule le long du circuit.In one embodiment of the vehicle, the motor system comprises at least one motor which can be controlled to move the vehicle relative to the traction member during a movement of the vehicle along the circuit.
Le véhicule peut comprendre un premier ensemble d'au moins une roue apte à rouler sur le support fixe en étant entraînée par un moteur du système moteur et un second ensemble d'au moins une roue apte à prendre appui sur l'organe de traction.The vehicle may comprise a first set of at least one wheel capable of rolling on the fixed support while being driven by a motor of the motor system and a second set of at least one wheel capable of resting on the traction member.
Dans une réalisation, au moins une roue du second ensemble est agencée pour participer au couplage du véhicule à l'organe de traction lorsqu'elle prend appui sur l'organe de traction. Le couplage par la roue peut éventuellement être complété par un mécanisme débrayable du genre pince ou autre.In one embodiment, at least one wheel of the second set is arranged to participate in the coupling of the vehicle to the traction member when it is supported on the traction member. The coupling by the wheel can optionally be completed by a disengageable mechanism of the gripper type or the like.
Le couplage du véhicule à l'organe de traction peut notamment être réalisé par cette roue (ou ces roues) lorsqu'elle(s) prend (prennent) appui sur l'organe de traction, par l'effet du frottement entre cette roue (ou ces roues) et l'organe de traction. On notera qu'un tel couplage par frottement n'exclut pas que le véhicule soit mobile par rapport à l'organe de traction. En particulier, il est possible qu'une roue du second ensemble (ou plusieurs) soit entraînée, dans un sens ou l'autre, par un moteur pour faire avancer le véhicule plus vite ou moins vite que l'organe de traction, tout en restant couplée à celui-ci. Il est aussi possible, notamment dans des portions de trajet en descente, qu'une roue du second ensemble (ou plusieurs) actionne un générateur pour récupérer une partie de l'énergie. Selon une réalisation, on peut adapter le système moteur pour commander au moins une roue parmi les roues des premier et second ensembles de façon que le véhicule soit déplacé avec une vitesse V1 par rapport au support fixe et une vitesse V2 par rapport à l'organe de traction, les vitesses V1 et V2 étant telles que la différence V1 - V2 soit égale à la vitesse V de mouvement de l'organe de traction par rapport au support fixe.The coupling of the vehicle to the traction member can in particular be achieved by this wheel (or these wheels) when it (s) bear (bear) on the traction member, by the effect of the friction between this wheel ( or these wheels) and the traction unit. It will be noted that such a friction coupling does not exclude the vehicle from being mobile with respect to the traction member. In particular, it is possible that a wheel of the second set (or several) is driven, in one direction or the other, by a motor to make the vehicle move faster or slower than the traction member, while remaining coupled to it. It is also possible, in particular in downhill sections of the route, for a wheel of the second set (or more) to actuate a generator to recover part of the energy. According to one embodiment, the motor system can be adapted to control at least one wheel among the wheels of the first and second sets so that the vehicle is moved with a speed V 1 relative to the fixed support and a speed V 2 relative to the 'traction member, the speeds V 1 and V 2 being such that the difference V 1 - V 2 is equal to the speed V of movement of the traction member relative to the fixed support.
Dans une réalisation, au moins une roue du premier ensemble est commandable pour communiquer de l'énergie à au moins un générateur du système générateur lorsqu'elle est entraînée en rotation par le mouvement du véhicule couplé à l'organe de traction.In one embodiment, at least one wheel of the first set is controllable to communicate energy to at least one generator of the generator system when it is rotated by the movement of the vehicle coupled to the traction member.
Dans une réalisation, au moins une roue du second ensemble est apte à être entraînée par au moins un moteur du système moteur lorsque le véhicule est couplé à l'organe de traction pour changer la vitesse de déplacement du véhicule par rapport à la vitesse de l'organe de traction.In one embodiment, at least one wheel of the second set is adapted to be driven by at least one motor of the motor system when the vehicle is coupled to the traction member to change the speed of movement of the vehicle relative to the speed of the motor. traction organ.
Dans une réalisation, au moins au moins une roue du second ensemble est commandable pour communiquer de l'énergie à au moins un générateur du système générateur lorsqu'elle est entraînée en rotation alors que le véhicule est soutenu par le support fixe.In one embodiment, at least one wheel of the second assembly is controllable to communicate energy to at least one generator of the generator system when it is rotated while the vehicle is supported by the fixed support.
D'autres particularités et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description ci-après d'exemples de réalisation non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est un schéma illustrant une topologie simplifiée d'un exemple d'infrastructure fixe appartenant à une installation de transport ; - les
figures 2 et 3 sont des représentations schématiques, en vue de dessus et en vue de côté, d'un véhicule évoluant le long d'un circuit faisant partie de l'infrastructure.
- the
figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a simplified topology of an example of a fixed infrastructure belonging to a transport installation; - the
figures 2 and 3 are schematic representations, in top view and in side view, of a vehicle moving along a circuit forming part of the infrastructure.
L'installation présentée ici peut servir au transport de passagers et/ou de toutes sortes de fret. Elle comporte un ou plusieurs véhicules pouvant circuler suivant un ou plusieurs trajets.The installation shown here can be used to transport passengers and / or all kinds of freight. It includes one or more vehicles that can travel along one or more routes.
Le trajet simple schématisé sur la
Un trajet assez simple est représenté sur la
- un unique tronçon, rectiligne ou non, entre le point de départ et le point d'arrivée du trajet ;
- plus que deux tronçons consécutifs, rectilignes ou non, entre le point de départ et le point d'arrivée, deux tronçons consécutifs pouvant être alignés l'un avec l'autre, ou avoir un virage entre eux comme dans le cas de la
figure 1 ; - les tronçons peuvent être organisés en réseau pour permettre de déplacer des véhicules entre une multiplicité de stations situées aux nœuds du réseau ou à certains seulement de ces nœuds ; etc.
- a single section, rectilinear or not, between the starting point and the ending point of the journey;
- more than two consecutive sections, rectilinear or not, between the starting point and the finishing point, two consecutive sections being able to be aligned with each other, or to have a bend between them as in the case of the
figure 1 ; - the sections can be organized in a network to make it possible to move vehicles between a multiplicity of stations located at the nodes of the network or only at some of these nodes; etc.
Les tronçons de trajet peuvent être situés au niveau du sol, en hauteur (les véhicules étant suspendus ou reposant sur des supports construits en hauteur) ou souterrains, dans des tunnels.The sections of the route can be located at ground level, in height (the vehicles being suspended or resting on supports built in height) or underground, in tunnels.
À chaque tronçon de trajet correspond un organe de traction qui est constitué par un câble 15 dans la suite de la présente description (
Chaque câble 15 s'étend par exemple entre deux poulies de renvoi situées aux extrémités 10a, 10b du tronçon 10, et le circuit qu'il forme comporte une portion de couplage (visible sur les
Éventuellement, une ou plusieurs poulies de soutien peuvent être situées le long du circuit pour compenser le poids de la portion de couplage du câble 15. En outre, si le tronçon de câble n'est pas rectiligne, il peut être prévu une ou plusieurs poulies de déviation le long de ce tronçon 10. Une telle poulie de déviation a son axe horizontal aux changements de pente du tronçon 10. Son axe est incliné par rapport à l'horizontale si le tronçon 10 n'est pas rectiligne en vue de dessus.Optionally, one or more support pulleys can be located along the circuit to compensate for the weight of the coupling portion of the
Le ou les moteurs d'entraînement du câble 15 agissent par exemple au niveau d'une ou plusieurs des poulies susmentionnées.The cable drive motor or
Dans l'exemple représenté sur les
À côté du ou des circuits suivis par les câbles 15, l'installation de transport comporte un ou plusieurs supports fixes 18. Dans l'exemple représenté, ce support fixe 18 est posé au sol ou constitué par le sol lui-même. On comprendra qu'une grande variété d'autres supports fixes peut être utilisée, par exemple des rails, un tablier, un ou plusieurs câbles porteurs, une ou plusieurs poutres aériennes, etc. Le support fixe 18 peut être muni, en des parties du trajet où cela est nécessaire, d'un système de guidage des véhicules dans leur trajectoire, par exemple à base de rails.Next to the circuit or circuits followed by the
En fonction de l'architecture de l'installation, le support fixe 18 peut être optionnel le long du ou des circuits formés par les câbles de traction 15, notamment si les câbles 15 sont également porteurs, comme c'est le cas par exemple pour des télécabines.Depending on the architecture of the installation, the fixed
Au niveau des stations 11, ou des zones de transition 12 entre tronçons de trajet consécutifs, le support fixe 18 permet au véhicule 20 d'être soutenu en dehors du circuit. À cet endroit-là, le véhicule 20 peut se déplacer lui-même par rapport au support fixe 18, comme expliqué ci-après. Si un support fixe 18 est prévu le long du circuit suivi par un câble de traction 15, il peut simplement être prolongé au niveau des stations ou des zones de transition, ou complété par un autre support fixe. S'il n'y a pas de support fixe le long du circuit, il pourra être présent seulement au niveau des stations 11 ou des zones de transition 12.At the
Chaque véhicule 20 de l'installation de transport comporte deux types d'interface mécanique :
- un premier type pour l'interface du véhicule avec le support fixe 18 ;
- un second type pour l'interface du véhicule avec l'organe de
traction 15.
- a first type for the interface of the vehicle with the fixed
support 18; - a second type for the interface of the vehicle with the
traction member 15.
Quand le support fixe 18 est au sol, ou plus généralement sous le véhicule 20, l'interface du premier type peut commodément être constituée d'un ensemble d'une ou plusieurs roues 22. Dans l'exemple non limitatif représenté sur les
L'organe de traction étant un câble 15, l'interface du second type peut également être constituée d'un ensemble d'une ou plusieurs roues 24. Dans l'exemple non limitatif représenté sur les
Le couplage du véhicule 20 au câble de traction 15 peut être réalisé au moyen d'une ou plusieurs roues 24 du second ensemble. Le couplage peut notamment être réalisé par frottement. Un actionneur (non représenté) sollicite la roue 24 en direction du câble 15 pour que sa périphérie soit appuyée sur le câble 15, ce qui réalise le couplage. Un frein (non représenté) permet de bloquer la roue 24 lorsque le véhicule 20 doit se déplacer à la même vitesse que le câble de traction 15. Pour éviter les désaccouplements entre la roue 24 et le câble 15, il est possible de prévoir une gorge annulaire à la périphérie de la roue 24, qui s'engage alors sur le câble à la manière d'une poulie.The coupling of the
En variante, il est possible d'utiliser une pince débrayable pour réaliser le couplage véhicule 20 au câble de traction 15. Une pince débrayable peut notamment être prévue en complément du couplage par frottement avec la roue 24 dans le cas où le trajet du véhicule comporte des portions avec une pente significative.As a variant, it is possible to use a disengageable clamp to achieve the
Le véhicule 20 comporte en outre un système de stockage d'énergie 30, un système moteur et un système générateur.The
L'énergie employée est commodément de l'énergie électrique. Le système de stockage 30 comprend alors une ou plusieurs batteries. D'autres formes d'énergie (pneumatique, mécanique,...) sont en principe utilisables à titre d'alternative.The energy used is conveniently electrical energy. The
La batterie 30 est rechargeable à l'aide du système générateur, et elle peut délivrer de l'énergie électrique au système moteur. Dans le cas particulier représenté sur la
La commande des machines à courant continu 32, 34 est réalisée par un contrôleur (non représenté) embarqué sur le véhicule 20. Le contrôleur peut inclure un ou plusieurs processeurs exécutant des programmes écrits pour piloter les phases de fonctionnement du véhicule tout en gérant l'énergie électrique emmagasinée dans la batterie 30. Le contrôleur peut être associé à une ou plusieurs interfaces sans fil pour communiquer avec des organes de commande de l'infrastructure fixe de l'installation de transport, et/ou avec des contrôleurs d'autres véhicules de l'installation.The control of the direct
Les modes de pilotage des véhicules 20 peuvent être très variés, ce qui donne une grande facilité d'exploitation de l'installation de transport. Quelques exemples sont commentés ci-après.The control modes of the
Lorsque la roue 24 est couplée à un câble de traction 15 et bloquée en rotation, le véhicule 20 circule le long du circuit formé par ce câble à la vitesse d'entraînement de celui-ci. Les machines DC 32 (ou certaines d'entre elles seulement) sont placées en mode générateur et actionnées par les roues 22 qui roulent sur le support fixe 18. Dans ce cas, l'énergie externe utilisée pour entraîner le câble 15 et le véhicule 20 sert également à recharger la batterie 30. Lorsque la batterie 30 est pleine, les générateurs 32 peuvent être désactivés pour laisser chaque roue 22 tourner en roue libre.When the
Tout en restant couplée au câble de traction 15 par la force de frottement, la roue 24 peut être entraînée en rotation soit dans un sens soit dans l'autre par la machine DC 34 placée en mode moteur. Dans ce cas, on fait varier la vitesse de circulation du véhicule 20 par rapport à la vitesse de défilement du câble de traction 15, ce qui donne une capacité de gestion de l'écoulement du trafic dans l'installation de transport. Lorsqu'il convient de faire circuler le véhicule 20 moins vite que le câble de traction 15, une autre possibilité est d'utiliser la machine DC 34 en mode générateur pour récupérer une partie de l'énergie de freinage et alimenter ainsi la batterie 30.While remaining coupled to the
Dans un autre mode de fonctionnement du véhicule 20, celui-ci est à l'arrêt à un emplacement du circuit, avec ses roues 22 bloquées. La roue 24, toujours couplée au câble de traction en mouvement 15, entraîne la machine DC 34 en mode générateur pour recharger la batterie 30 à partir de l'énergie provenant de la source externe. Lorsque la batterie 30 est pleine, le générateur 34 peut être désactivé pour découpler la roue 24 du câble de traction.In another mode of operation of the
Le contrôleur du véhicule 20 gère les phases d'accélération et de décélération du véhicule à l'aide des moteurs 32, 34 associés aux roues 22, 24, en tenant compte de la vitesse V de défilement du câble 15. En faisant varier les vitesses des différents moteurs, le contrôleur fait accélérer ou décélérer le véhicule en douceur. Lorsque les vitesses voulues sont atteintes, la roue 24 peut être couplée au câble ou découplée. Il n'est pas nécessaire d'agencer un mécanisme spécial pour assurer les transitions en douceur entre les zones avec câble et les zones sans câble ni pour faire accélérer ou décélérer le véhicule 20.The
Le contrôleur peut piloter une ou plusieurs des roues 22 de façon à donner une vitesse V1 au véhicule 20 par rapport au support fixe 18, le couplage par frottement entre la roue 24 et le câble 15 assurant alors que le véhicule se déplace par rapport au câble 15 avec une vitesse V2 = V1- V. En faisant croître, ou décroître, la vitesse V1, le contrôleur règle alors une phase d'accélération, ou de décélération, du véhicule. Dans les conventions utilisées ici, les vitesses V1 et V2 du véhicule 20 sont positives quand elles ont la même orientation que la vitesse V de défilement du câble 15 par rapport au support fixe 18, et négatives dans le cas contraire.The controller can control one or more of the
En variante, le contrôleur peut piloter la roue 24 de façon à régler la vitesse V2 du véhicule 20 par rapport au câble 15, le couplage par frottement entre les roues 22 et le support fixe 18 assurant alors que le véhicule se déplace par rapport au support fixe avec une vitesse V1 = V2 + V. En faisant croître, ou décroître, la vitesse V2, le contrôleur règle alors une phase de décélération, ou d'accélération, du véhicule.As a variant, the controller can control the
Une variante encore consiste en ce que le contrôleur commande les moteurs 32, 34 de façon à régler simultanément les vitesses V1 et V2, en respectant toujours l'égalité V = V1- V2 qui assure l'absence de dérapage.Another variant consists in that the controller controls the
Dans les zones où un câble de traction 15 n'est pas disponible, par exemple les zones de station 11 ou les zones de transition 12 représentées schématiquement sur la
Ce mode de fonctionnement est utile dans les zones de virage 12 des trajets, pour éviter de recourir à des mécanismes complexes pour assurer une déviation angulaire substantielle des câbles tout en maintenant le couplage du véhicule au câble pour négocier le virage.This mode of operation is useful in the
Lorsque le véhicule passe d'un premier tronçon de trajet à un second dans une zone de transition 12, le contrôleur commande les machines DC 32, 34 alimentées depuis la batterie 30 pour que le véhicule 20 quitte sans à-coups le câble de traction 15 du premier tronçon, roule de manière autonome pour s'approcher du second tronçon, atteigne le câble de traction 15 du second tronçon et s'y accouple en douceur pour poursuivre sa route. Un mécanisme simple de guidage passif, à rails ou autre, peut être prévu près de l'extrémité 10a, 10b du tronçon de trajet afin de guider le véhicule 20 en assurant que sa roue 34 vienne convenablement en prise sur le câble de traction 15.When the vehicle passes from a first section of the route to a second in a
Il est possible d'aménager une station de chargement/déchargement à un endroit où un câble de traction 15 défile sans interruption. Le contrôleur du véhicule gère alors les phases d'accélération et de décélération requises au voisinage d'une telle station en pilotant les machines DC 32, 34.It is possible to arrange a loading / unloading station at a place where a
Le fait de gérer les phases d'accélération et de décélération à l'aide des moteurs 32, 34 et évite de devoir absorber les accélérations/décélérations par le frottement des roues 22, 24, ce qui est favorable à la durabilité des pièces du véhicule.Managing the acceleration and deceleration phases using the
Un avantage du véhicule 20 est que sa batterie 30 peut être relativement petite, et donc bon marché. En effet, les occasions de recharger la batterie 30 lorsque le véhicule se déplace sont nombreuses, de sorte qu'on n'a pas besoin d'une grande capacité de stockage.An advantage of the
Le fait de gérer la circulation des véhicules 20 à l'aide de moteurs et de contrôleurs embarqués coopérant éventuellement avec une commande centralisée permet d'optimiser le trafic en jouant sur les vitesses de circulation, ce que n'autorisent pas les systèmes classiques de transport par câble.The fact of managing the circulation of
Les modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus sont une simple illustration de la présente invention. Diverses modifications peuvent leur être apportées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention qui ressort des revendications annexées.The embodiments described above are a simple illustration of the present invention. Various modifications can be made to them without departing from the scope of the invention which emerges from the appended claims.
Claims (16)
- A transport installation, comprising:at least one traction member (15) extending in a circuit and associated with an external power source so as to be moved along the circuit;at least one vehicle (20) having a power storage system (30) and a motor system;a generator system; andat least one fixed support (18) adjacent to the circuit,in which the motor system of the vehicle comprises at least one motor (32) that may be activated to receive power from the storage system (30) and move the vehicle (20) relative to the fixed support (18),characterized in that the vehicle comprises the generator system and in that the generator system of the vehicle comprises at least one generator (32) that may be activated to supply power to the storage system (30) when the vehicle is coupled to the traction member (15) and driven along the circuit by the traction member.
- The transport installation as claimed in claim 1, comprising at least one vehicle (20) loading/unloading station (11), adjacent to at least one circuit defined by a respective traction member (15) and comprising a fixed support (18) for supporting the moving vehicle at the loading/unloading station.
- The transport installation as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising a vehicle travel path including a plurality of sections (10), each section having a traction member (15) extending in a respective circuit between two ends of the section (10a, 10b), in which a fixed support (18) is arranged between ends of two consecutive sections of the path so that the vehicle (20) moves between the two consecutive sections by activation of at least one motor (32) of the motor system of the vehicle while being supported by the fixed support.
- The transport installation as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the motor system of the vehicle comprises at least one motor (34) that may be controlled to move the vehicle (20) relative to the traction member (15) when the vehicle is moving along the circuit.
- The transport installation as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the vehicle (20) comprises a first set of at least one wheel (22) capable of rolling on the fixed support (18) while being driven by a motor (32) of the motor system of the vehicle, and a second set of at least one wheel (24) capable of bearing on the traction member (15).
- The transport installation as claimed in claim 5, in which at least one wheel (24) of the second set is arranged to participate in the coupling of the vehicle (20) to the traction member (15) when it bears on the traction member.
- The transport installation as claimed in claim 6, in which at least one wheel (24) of the second set is arranged to perform the coupling of the vehicle (20) to the traction member (15) when it bears on the traction member, under the effect of the friction between said at least one wheel (24) of the second set and the traction member.
- The transport installation as claimed in claim 7, in which the motor system of the vehicle (20) is adapted to control at least one of the wheels (22, 24) of the first and second sets so that the vehicle is moved at a speed V1 relative to the fixed support (18) and a speed V2 relative to the traction member (15), the speeds V1 and V2 being such that the difference V1 - V2 is equal to the speed V of movement of the traction member relative to the fixed support.
- The transport installation as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, in which at least one wheel (22) of the first set may be controlled to send power to at least one generator (32) of the generator system when it is driven in rotation by the movement of the vehicle (20) coupled to the traction member (15), and/or in which at least one wheel (24) of the second set may be driven by at least one motor (34) of the motor system of the vehicle when the vehicle (20) is coupled to the traction member (15) so as to change the speed of movement of the vehicle relative to the speed of the traction member, and/or in which at least one wheel (24) of the second set may be controlled to send power to at least one generator (34) of the generator system of the vehicle when it is driven in rotation while the vehicle (20) is supported by the fixed support (18) at a speed of movement which is zero or less than the speed of movement of the traction member.
- A vehicle, comprising:an interface (24) for selectively coupling the vehicle (20) to a traction member (15) extending in a circuit;a power storage system (30); anda motor system including at least one motor (32) that may be activated to receive power from the storage system (30) and move the vehicle (20) relative to a fixed support (18) adjacent to the circuit,characterized in that it comprises a generator system including at least one generator (32) that may be activated to supply power to the storage system (30) when the vehicle (20) is coupled to the traction member (15) and driven along the circuit by the traction member moved by an external power source.
- The vehicle as claimed in claim 10, in which the motor system comprises at least one motor (34) that may be controlled to move the vehicle (20) relative to the traction member (15) when the vehicle is moving along the circuit.
- The vehicle as claimed in either of claims 10 and 11, comprising a first set of at least one wheel (22) capable of rolling on the fixed support (18) while being driven by a motor (32) of the motor system, and a second set of at least one wheel (24) capable of bearing on the traction member (15).
- The vehicle as claimed in claim 12, in which at least one wheel (24) of the second set is arranged to participate in the coupling of the vehicle (20) to the traction member (15) when it bears on the traction member.
- The vehicle as claimed in claim 13, in which at least one wheel (24) of the second set is arranged to perform the coupling of the vehicle (20) to the traction member (15) when it bears on the traction member, under the effect of the friction between said at least one wheel (24) of the second set and the traction member.
- The vehicle as claimed in claim 14, in which the motor system is adapted to control at least one of the wheels (22, 24) of the first and second sets so that the vehicle (20) is moved at a speed V1 relative to the fixed support (18) and a speed V2 relative to the traction member (15), the speeds V1 and V2 being such that the difference V1 - V2 is equal to the speed V of movement of the traction member relative to the fixed support.
- The vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 15, in which at least one wheel (22) of the first set may be controlled to send power to at least one generator (32) of the generator system of the vehicle when it is driven in rotation by the movement of the vehicle (20) coupled to the traction member (15), and/or in which at least one wheel (24) of the second set may be driven by at least one motor (34) of the motor system when the vehicle (20) is coupled to the traction member (15) so as to change the speed of movement of the vehicle relative to the speed of the traction member, and/or in which at least one wheel (24) of the second set may be controlled to send power to at least one generator (34) of the generator system when it is driven in rotation while the vehicle (20) is supported by the fixed support (18).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL18782477T PL3658436T3 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2018-07-24 | Cable or similar transport installation, and vehicle suitable for such installation |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1757167A FR3069512B1 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2017-07-27 | CABLE OR SIMILAR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM, AND VEHICLE SUITABLE FOR SUCH INSTALLATION |
PCT/FR2018/051897 WO2019020931A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2018-07-24 | Cable or similar transport installation, and vehicle suitable for such installation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3658436A1 EP3658436A1 (en) | 2020-06-03 |
EP3658436B1 true EP3658436B1 (en) | 2021-06-16 |
Family
ID=60202139
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP18782477.6A Active EP3658436B1 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2018-07-24 | Cable or similar transport installation, and vehicle suitable for such installation |
Country Status (7)
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---|---|
US (1) | US11027754B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3658436B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN111132887B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2886841T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3069512B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3658436T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019020931A1 (en) |
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DE102019002769A1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | Michael Nold | Funicular car with a circulating cable support system for vehicle cable synchronization |
DE102019003565A1 (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-11-26 | Michael Nold | System for increasing the travel speed for funicular cars and cable-drawn track-guided ground vehicles |
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- 2018-07-24 WO PCT/FR2018/051897 patent/WO2019020931A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-07-24 CN CN201880061996.3A patent/CN111132887B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2018-07-24 ES ES18782477T patent/ES2886841T3/en active Active
- 2018-07-24 US US16/633,640 patent/US11027754B2/en active Active
- 2018-07-24 EP EP18782477.6A patent/EP3658436B1/en active Active
- 2018-07-24 PL PL18782477T patent/PL3658436T3/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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ES2886841T3 (en) | 2021-12-21 |
FR3069512B1 (en) | 2019-08-23 |
US20200377129A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
EP3658436A1 (en) | 2020-06-03 |
CN111132887B (en) | 2021-07-27 |
WO2019020931A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
FR3069512A1 (en) | 2019-02-01 |
CN111132887A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
US11027754B2 (en) | 2021-06-08 |
PL3658436T3 (en) | 2021-12-06 |
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