EP3583369B1 - Cooling system - Google Patents

Cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3583369B1
EP3583369B1 EP18716152.6A EP18716152A EP3583369B1 EP 3583369 B1 EP3583369 B1 EP 3583369B1 EP 18716152 A EP18716152 A EP 18716152A EP 3583369 B1 EP3583369 B1 EP 3583369B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
branch
manifold
deflection
cooling system
water
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Application number
EP18716152.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3583369A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Ugi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cabero Beteiligungs GmbH
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Cabero Beteiligungs GmbH
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Publication of EP3583369A1 publication Critical patent/EP3583369A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/04—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding, collecting, and storing cooling water or other cooling liquid
    • F28B9/06—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding, collecting, and storing cooling water or other cooling liquid with provision for re-cooling the cooling water or other cooling liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
    • F28D1/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels with an air driving element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05333—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D2001/0253—Particular components
    • F28D2001/026—Cores
    • F28D2001/0266—Particular core assemblies, e.g. having different orientations or having different geometric features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/06—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction by using means for draining heat exchange media from heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/14—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing damage by freezing, e.g. for accommodating volume expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/18—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for removing contaminants, e.g. for degassing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/22—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for draining

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling system with circulating water as a heat transport medium.
  • the invention relates to such a cooling system with an entry device through which the water flows and which is used to introduce heat into the water, a recooler through which the water flows and which is used to release heat to the ambient air and a water tank which is in a recooler, the entry device and
  • the line arrangement connecting the water tank and having at least one circulating pump is arranged in the flow direction between the recooler and the entry device.
  • a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1, which is in principle suitable for use as a dry cooler in a cooling system of the type mentioned above, is, for example US 3384165 A removable.
  • This heat exchanger has two registers arranged in a V-shape to one another and fans arranged at the top between the two registers.
  • the two registers are each designed in a 4-pass construction.
  • each of the registers at a first end region of the heat exchanger has an input collector connected to an input and, in parallel thereto, an output collector connected to an output; and for a three-fold reversal of the flow direction of the heat exchanger, the horizontally oriented tubes of the tube arrangements extending between the inlet header and the outlet header each have two 180 ° pipe bends at the second end area opposite the first end area and a further 180 ° at the first end area. Elbow on.
  • the use of water as a heat transport medium in a cooling system has many advantages. Water has a comparatively high specific heat capacity, which is why both the amount of heat transport medium and its circulation speed can be relatively low. The line cross-sections can also be made comparatively small. Furthermore, the viscosity of water is in a favorable range, the heat transfer behavior is favorable, and water is inexpensive and does not have any harmful effects or even hazards for the environment. The latter applies in particular if the water used as a heat transport medium does not contain any additives.
  • the disadvantage of water is that the freezing point is in a temperature range that can be reached in conventional cooling applications within the cooling system. The risk of the cooling water (especially in the dry cooler) freezing should not be neglected. The addition of one Antifreeze to the water used as the heat transport medium undermines one of the particularly important advantages of cooling systems of the type specified at the beginning.
  • DE 29606912 U1 a cross-flow heat exchanger for a cooling system operated with water as the coolant.
  • the heat exchanger in question should be able to be emptied quickly by providing an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold at its one, first end area and a loop comprising two distribution pipes arranged one above the other on its other, opposite, second end area, with the loop between the input manifold and the first distribution pipe extending flow lines and between the second distribution pipe of the loop and the outlet manifold extending return lines are arranged parallel to each other with a gradient and a switchable ventilation valve is connected to the upper distribution pipe of the loop.
  • the DE 19613910 discloses a cooling system with a cross-flow heat exchanger after DE 29606912 U1 similarly designed cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • a single deflection collecting pipe is provided at the second end area, into which the flow lines and the return lines open and to which a permanently open venting connection is connected.
  • a quantity of cooling water that is constantly flowing off through the vent is fed back into the cold tank of the cooling system.
  • the DE 102012101271 A1 a cooling system of the type specified at the outset, the recooler of which has two two-pass registers arranged in a V-shape to one another. Accordingly, at the first end region of the recooler, an input collector arrangement having two V-shaped branches positioned relative to one another and an output collector arrangement likewise having two V-shaped branches positioned relative to one another are provided; and at the second end region of the recooler there is a deflection collector arrangement with two branches that are in turn arranged in a V-shape relative to one another.
  • the first of the two two-pass registers each comprises the first branch of the input collector arrangement, the deflection collector arrangement and the output collector arrangement as well as the first pipe arrangement extending between these and through which flow flows in both directions
  • the second two-pass register in each case comprises the second branch of the inlet header arrangement, the deflection header arrangement and the outlet header arrangement as well as the second pipe arrangement extending between these and again through which flow flows in both directions.
  • the two branches of the deflection collector arrangement are each connected to one another via a connecting branch at the top and bottom.
  • a compensation line is connected to the upper and lower connecting branches, each via a shut-off valve, which ends at the top of the pressurized water tank in an inert gas space.
  • the present invention is directed to providing a cooling system of the type mentioned at the beginning that is characterized by a particularly simple structure and a high degree of failure safety and reliability excels.
  • the dry cooler comprises at one of its first end areas an inlet connected to an input collector and an outlet connected to an output collector and at its other, opposite, second end area a deflection collector.
  • the input collector and the output collector are arranged in a V-shape to one another.
  • the deflection collector comprises a first branch and a second branch, which are arranged in a V-shape to one another, as well as a connecting branch connecting the first branch and the second branch to one another at their respective upper end.
  • first pipe arrangement that can flow through from the first end area in the direction of the second end area of the recooler and rises in the flow direction
  • second branch of the deflection header and the outlet header one extends from the second end area in the direction of
  • the second pipe arrangement that can flow through the first end region of the recooler and descends in the direction of flow, wherein the connecting branch of the deflection header can be traversed by the entire amount of water flowing through the first pipe arrangement (although in practical operation actually "only" by a large part of the amount of water flowing through the first pipe arrangement flows through).
  • the water tank is pressureless. Between the water tank and the connecting branch of the deflection header extends an open ventilation line through which the deflection header to the water tank can flow in cooling mode.
  • the cooling system according to the invention is distinguished by a surprisingly high efficiency.
  • the heat transfer behavior between the water used as the heat transport medium and the pipes of the two pipe arrangements through which it flows is supported by the fact that the water from the first branch of the deflection header, at which - in the flow direction - the pipes of the first pipe arrangement open out, is combined via the common connecting branch into the second branch of the deflection collector arrives, from which - in the flow direction - the pipes of the second pipe arrangement extend; because this results in favorable flow conditions that promote heat transfer.
  • the thus rather small flow cross-sections of the ventilation line are, however, usually completely sufficient to ensure reliable, complete and sufficiently rapid emptying of the dry cooler - at the same time through its entry and exit. Switching off the circulation pump is usually sufficient for this.
  • the recooler empties automatically as soon as the circulating pump is switched off. There is no need to actuate valves for this. This is an aspect that also has a beneficial effect on operational safety; because in the event of a failure of the circulation pump, the emptying of the recooler starts without further ado, so that the conceptual design prevents standing water from freezing.
  • the structural complexity of the cooling system also benefits from the fact that, according to the invention, a valve-free design of the cooling system is possible.
  • the input collector and the first branch of the deflection collector are in a common first plane and the output collector and the second branch of the deflection collector are in a common second plane.
  • the first plane and the second plane preferably enclose an angle between 40 ° and 70 °, particularly preferably an angle between 50 ° and 60 °, with one another.
  • the available space is used particularly well for the dissipation of heat to the ambient air, which results in good space efficiency.
  • the tubes of the first tube arrangement are preferably arranged in several, particularly preferably at least three planes parallel to the first plane and the tubes of the second tube arrangement are preferably arranged in several, particularly preferably at least three planes parallel to the second plane.
  • Excellent values for the thermal output can be achieved if the tubes of the first and the second tube arrangement are each distributed over four mutually parallel planes.
  • At least one of the pipes of the first pipe arrangement is on the first branch of the deflection header in the area of a bottom closing this bottom and / or at least one of the pipes of the second pipe arrangement is on the second branch of the deflection header in the area of one of the bottom closing bottom connected.
  • the connecting branch of the deflection collector represents the only flow connection between its first branch and its second branch.
  • the dry cooler 1 illustrated in the drawing is intended and suitable for use in a cooling system that is operated with circulating water (without the addition of antifreeze) as a heat transport medium and, in addition to the dry cooler, the heat input into the water serving entry device and a (frost-protected arranged) Includes water tank.
  • the recooler 1 is flowed through by the water and is used to give off heat to the ambient air.
  • the water tank is arranged in a line arrangement which connects the recooler, the inlet device and the water tank to one another and has at least one circulating pump in the flow direction between the recooler and the inlet device.
  • the recooler 1 comprises a housing 3 assembled from several segments 2 braced together via tie rods 26 arranged on both sides. Its frame 4 is supported by feet 5 (of different lengths) on the substrate 6 in such a way that it is inclined relative to the horizontal, and although increasing from the frontal first end region 7 of the recooler 1 to the opposite second end region 8 of the recooler 1. On the upper side 9 of the housing 3 there are - two per housing segment 2 - fans 10 which ensure a vertical air flow L through the recooler 1.
  • the recooler 1 To cool the water in the recooler 1, it has two series-connected fitting registers 11, 12. For this purpose, it has an input 13 at its first end region 7, which is connected to an input collector 14, and an output connected to an output collector 15 16 on.
  • the tubular input collector 14 and the likewise tubular output collector 15 extend from the input 13 and output 16, respectively, inclined outwardly upward, so that a V-shaped arrangement of input collector 14 and output collector 15 results in relation to one another.
  • the recooler 1 has a deflection collector 17.
  • This comprises a first branch 18, a second branch 19 and a connecting branch 20 connecting the first branch 18 and the second branch 19 to one another at their respective upper end.
  • the two branches 18 , 19 of the deflection collector 17 are arranged in a V-shape to one another.
  • the inclination is matched to the input collector 14 and the output collector 15 in such a way that the first branch 18 of the deflection collector 17 and the input collector 14 in a common first plane and that the second branch 19 of the deflection collector 17 and the output collector 15 in a common second plane lie.
  • the first level and the second level form an angle of approximately 55 ° with one another.
  • a first pipe arrangement 21 extends between the inlet header 14 and the first branch 18 of the deflection header 17, and a second pipe arrangement 22 extends between the second branch 19 of the deflection header 17 and the outlet header 15 straight tubes 23 parallel to one another.
  • the tubes 23 of the first tube arrangement 21 run in three planes parallel to the first plane, and the tubes 23 of the second tube arrangement 22 run in three planes parallel to the second plane.
  • Two tubes 23 of the second tube assembly 22 are like this Fig. 5 can be removed, arranged on the second branch 19 of the deflection collector 17 in the area of a bottom 24 that closes it at the bottom. The same applies accordingly for two pipes 23 of the first pipe arrangement 21.
  • the first pipe arrangement 21 - forming the first fitting register 11 - can flow through from the first end region 7 of the recooler 1 in the direction of its second end region 8, namely - due to the inclination of the housing 3 - in Direction of flow slightly increasing.
  • the second pipe arrangement 22 - forming the second fitting register 12 - can flow through from the second end region 8 of the recooler 1 in the direction of its first end region 7, namely - due to the inclination of the housing 3 - slightly sloping in the direction of flow.
  • the water passes through the connecting branch 20 connecting the first branch 18 of the deflection collector 17 to its second branch 19 second branch 18, 19 of the deflection header 17 and is dimensioned such that it can be flown through by the entire amount of water flowing through the first pipe arrangement 21.
  • a ventilation connection 25 is provided on the connecting branch 20 of the deflection header.
  • a ventilation line (not shown) is connected to this and extends to the water tank.
  • the ventilation line is always open and, in cooling mode, can be flown through continuously from the deflection collector 17 to the water tank.
  • a small proportion (e.g. 1-5%) of the water that has flowed through the first pass-in register 11 does not reach the water container via the second egg-pass register 12, but rather is via the ventilation connection 25 and the ventilation line derived there.
  • the water tank is pressureless; the Distribution of the water flow to the second fitting register 12 and the ventilation line is established by the geometric relationships (such as in particular the pipe / line cross-sections and pipe / line lengths) and the flow resistance influenced by this.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlsystem mit im Kreislauf geführtem Wasser als Wärmetransportmedium. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung ein derartiges Kühlsystem mit einer von dem Wasser durchströmten, dem Wärmeeintrag in das Wasser dienenden Eintragseinrichtung, einem von dem Wasser durchströmten, der Abgabe von Wärme an die Umgebungsluft dienenden Rückkühler und einem Wasserbehälter, welcher in einer den Rückkühler, die Eintragseinrichtung und den Wasserbehälter miteinander verbindenden, mindestens eine Umwälzpumpe aufweisenden Leitungsanordnung in Durchströmungsrichtung zwischen dem Rückkühler und der Eintragseinrichtung angeordnet ist.The present invention relates to a cooling system with circulating water as a heat transport medium. In particular, the invention relates to such a cooling system with an entry device through which the water flows and which is used to introduce heat into the water, a recooler through which the water flows and which is used to release heat to the ambient air and a water tank which is in a recooler, the entry device and The line arrangement connecting the water tank and having at least one circulating pump is arranged in the flow direction between the recooler and the entry device.

Ein Wärmetauscher gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1, der sich prinzipiell für den Einsatz als Rückkühler in einem Kühlsystem der vorstehend genannten Art eignet, ist beispielsweise der US 3384165 A entnehmbar. Dieser Wärmetauscher weist zwei V-förmig zueinander angeordnete Register und oben zwischen den beiden Registern angeordnete Ventilatoren auf. Die beiden Register sind jeweils in 4-Pass-Bauweise ausgeführt. So weist jedes der Register an einem ersten Endbereich des Wärmetauschers einen mit einem Eingang verbundenen Eingangssammler und, parallel hierzu, einen mit einem Ausgang verbundenen Ausgangssammler auf; und für eine dreifache Umkehrung der Durchströmungsrichtung des Wärmetauschers weisen die horizontal orientierten Rohre der sich zwischen dem Eingangssammler und dem Ausgangssammler erstreckenden Rohranordnungen jeweils an dem - dem ersten Endbereich gegenüberliegenden - zweiten Endbereich zwei 180°-Rohrbögen und an dem ersten Endbereich einen weiteren 180°-Rohrbogen auf.A heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1, which is in principle suitable for use as a dry cooler in a cooling system of the type mentioned above, is, for example US 3384165 A removable. This heat exchanger has two registers arranged in a V-shape to one another and fans arranged at the top between the two registers. The two registers are each designed in a 4-pass construction. Thus, each of the registers at a first end region of the heat exchanger has an input collector connected to an input and, in parallel thereto, an output collector connected to an output; and for a three-fold reversal of the flow direction of the heat exchanger, the horizontally oriented tubes of the tube arrangements extending between the inlet header and the outlet header each have two 180 ° pipe bends at the second end area opposite the first end area and a further 180 ° at the first end area. Elbow on.

Die Verwendung von Wasser als Wärmetransportmedium in einem Kühlsystem hat vielfältige Vorteile. Wasser verfügt über eine vergleichsweise hohe spezifische Wärmekapazität, weshalb sowohl die Menge des Wärmetransportmediums als auch dessen Zirkulationsgeschwindigkeit relativ gering ausfallen können. Auch können auch die Leitungsquerschnitte vergleichsweise gering bemessen werden. Weiterhin liegt die Viskosität von Wasser in einem günstigen Bereich, das Wärmeübertragungsverhalten ist günstig, und Wasser ist kostengünstig und von ihm gehen keinerlei schädliche Wirkungen oder gar Gefahren für die Umwelt aus. Letzteres gilt namentlich, wenn das als Wärmetransportmedium eingesetzte Wasser keine Zusätze aufweist. Nachteilig an Wasser ist allerdings, dass der Gefrierpunkt in einem Temperaturbereich liegt, der bei üblichen Kühlanwendungen innerhalb des Kühlsystems erreicht werden kann. Die Gefahr, dass das Kühlwasser (insbesondere im Rückkühler) einfriert, ist nicht zu vernachlässigen. Der Zusatz eines Frostschutzmittels zu dem als Wärmetransportmedium eingesetzten Wasser unterminiert einen der besonders wesentlichen Vorteile von Kühlsystemen der eingangs angegebenen Art.The use of water as a heat transport medium in a cooling system has many advantages. Water has a comparatively high specific heat capacity, which is why both the amount of heat transport medium and its circulation speed can be relatively low. The line cross-sections can also be made comparatively small. Furthermore, the viscosity of water is in a favorable range, the heat transfer behavior is favorable, and water is inexpensive and does not have any harmful effects or even hazards for the environment. The latter applies in particular if the water used as a heat transport medium does not contain any additives. The disadvantage of water, however, is that the freezing point is in a temperature range that can be reached in conventional cooling applications within the cooling system. The risk of the cooling water (especially in the dry cooler) freezing should not be neglected. The addition of one Antifreeze to the water used as the heat transport medium undermines one of the particularly important advantages of cooling systems of the type specified at the beginning.

Vor diesem Hintergrund existieren beispielsweise in Form der DE 29606912 U1 und der DE 102012101271 A1 bereits verschiedene Vorschläge für das Entleeren des Rückkühlers bei frostgefährlichen Betriebssituationen. So offenbart die DE 29606912 U1 einen Kreuzstromwärmetauscher für ein mit Wasser als Kühlmittel betriebenes Kühlsystem. Der betreffende Wärmetauscher soll sich rasch entleeren lassen, indem an seinem einen, ersten Endbereich ein Eingangsverteiler und ein Ausgangsverteiler und an seinem anderen, gegenüberliegenden zweiten Endbereich eine zwei übereinander angeordnete Verteilrohre umfassende Schleife vorgesehen sind, wobei sich zwischen dem Eingangsverteiler und dem ersten Verteilrohr der Schleife erstreckende Vorlaufleitungen und sich zwischen dem zweiten Verteilrohr der Schleife dem Ausgangsverteiler erstreckende Rücklaufleitungen zueinander parallel mit Gefälle angeordnet sind und an das obere Verteilrohr der Schleife ein schaltbares Belüftungsventil angeschlossen ist.Against this background, for example, exist in the form of DE 29606912 U1 and the DE 102012101271 A1 already various suggestions for emptying the dry cooler in frost-hazardous operating situations. So reveals the DE 29606912 U1 a cross-flow heat exchanger for a cooling system operated with water as the coolant. The heat exchanger in question should be able to be emptied quickly by providing an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold at its one, first end area and a loop comprising two distribution pipes arranged one above the other on its other, opposite, second end area, with the loop between the input manifold and the first distribution pipe extending flow lines and between the second distribution pipe of the loop and the outlet manifold extending return lines are arranged parallel to each other with a gradient and a switchable ventilation valve is connected to the upper distribution pipe of the loop.

Die DE 19613910 offenbart ein Kühlsystem mit einem zu dem Kreuzstromwärmetauscher nach der DE 29606912 U1 ähnlich konzipierten Querstromwärmetauscher. Hier ist allerdings an dem zweiten Endbereich ein einziges Umlenk-Sammelrohr vorgesehen, in welches die Vorlaufleitungen und die Rücklaufleitungen münden und an das ein permanent geöffneter Entlüftungsstutzen angeschlossen ist. Eine ständig durch den Entlüftungsstutzen abfließende Kühlwassermenge wird in den Kaltbehälter des Kühlsystems zurückgeführt.The DE 19613910 discloses a cooling system with a cross-flow heat exchanger after DE 29606912 U1 similarly designed cross-flow heat exchanger. Here, however, a single deflection collecting pipe is provided at the second end area, into which the flow lines and the return lines open and to which a permanently open venting connection is connected. A quantity of cooling water that is constantly flowing off through the vent is fed back into the cold tank of the cooling system.

Weiterhin offenbart die DE 102012101271 A1 ein Kühlsystem der eingangs angegebenen Art, dessen Rückkühler zwei V-förmig zueinander angeordnete Zweipass-Register aufweist. Demnach sind an dem ersten Endbereich des Rückkühlers eine zwei V-förmig zueinander gestellte Äste aufweisende Eingangssammler-Anordnung und eine ebenfalls zwei V-förmig zueinander gestellte Äste aufweisende Ausgangssammler-Anordnung vorgesehen; und an dem zweiten Endbereich des Rückkühlers ist eine Umlenksammler-Anordnung mit wiederum zwei V-förmig zueinander gestellten Ästen vorgesehen. So umfasst das erste der beiden Zweipass-Register jeweils den ersten Ast der Eingangssammler-Anordnung, der Umlenksammler-Anordnung und der Ausgangssammler-Anordnung sowie die sich zwischen diesen erstreckende, in beide Richtungen durchströmte erste Rohranordnung, und das zweite Zweipass-Register umfasst jeweils den zweiten Ast der Eingangssammler-Anordnung, der Umlenksammler-Anordnung und der Ausgangssammler-Anordnung sowie die sich zwischen diesen erstreckende, wiederum in beide Richtungen durchströmte zweite Rohranordnung. Die beiden Äste der Umlenksammler-Anordnung sind oben sowie unten jeweils über jeweils einen Verbindungszweig miteinander verbunden. An den oberen sowie den unteren Verbindungszweig ist dabei, jeweils über ein Absperrventil, eine Ausgleichsleitung angeschlossen, welche oben an dem unter Druck stehenden Wasserbehälter, in einem Inertgasraum endet. Zur Entleerung der beiden Zweipass-Register, deren Rohranordnungen vom jeweiligen Zweig der Umlenksammler-Anordnung zu den jeweils zugeordneten Zweigen der Eingangs- und Ausgangssammler-Anordnung hin leicht geneigt sind, erfolgt durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der beiden Absperrventile eine aktive Spülung mit Inertgas unter aktiver Verdrängung des Wassers aus den beiden Zweipass-Registern in den Wasserbehälter.Furthermore, the DE 102012101271 A1 a cooling system of the type specified at the outset, the recooler of which has two two-pass registers arranged in a V-shape to one another. Accordingly, at the first end region of the recooler, an input collector arrangement having two V-shaped branches positioned relative to one another and an output collector arrangement likewise having two V-shaped branches positioned relative to one another are provided; and at the second end region of the recooler there is a deflection collector arrangement with two branches that are in turn arranged in a V-shape relative to one another. Thus, the first of the two two-pass registers each comprises the first branch of the input collector arrangement, the deflection collector arrangement and the output collector arrangement as well as the first pipe arrangement extending between these and through which flow flows in both directions, and the second two-pass register in each case comprises the second branch of the inlet header arrangement, the deflection header arrangement and the outlet header arrangement as well as the second pipe arrangement extending between these and again through which flow flows in both directions. The two branches of the deflection collector arrangement are each connected to one another via a connecting branch at the top and bottom. A compensation line is connected to the upper and lower connecting branches, each via a shut-off valve, which ends at the top of the pressurized water tank in an inert gas space. To empty the two two-pass registers, the pipe arrangements of which are slightly inclined from the respective branch of the deflection header arrangement to the respective associated branches of the inlet and outlet header arrangement, active purging with inert gas takes place by activating the two shut-off valves accordingly, actively displacing the Water from the two two-pass registers into the water tank.

Im Lichte dieses - sich durch einen vergleichsweise komplexen Aufbau und aufwendigen Betrieb des Kühlsystems auszeichnenden - Standes der Technik ist die vorliegende Erfindung darauf gerichtet, ein Kühlsystem der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, dass sich durch einen besonders einfachen Aufbau und ein hohes Maß an Ausfallsicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit auszeichnet.In the light of this prior art - which is characterized by a comparatively complex structure and costly operation of the cooling system - the present invention is directed to providing a cooling system of the type mentioned at the beginning that is characterized by a particularly simple structure and a high degree of failure safety and reliability excels.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabenstellung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung durch ein Kühlsystem, das in Ergänzung zu den eingangs angegebenen Merkmalen im kombinatorischen Zusammenwirken mit diesen sowie untereinander weiterhin die folgenden Merkmale aufweist:
Der Rückkühler umfasst an seinem einen, ersten Endbereich einen mit einem Eingangssammler verbundenen Eingang und einen mit einem Ausgangssammler verbundenen Ausgang und an seinem anderen, gegenüberliegenden zweiten Endbereich einen Umlenksammler. Der Eingangssammler und der Ausgangsammler sind V-förmig zueinander angeordnet. Der Umlenksammler umfasst einen ersten Ast und einen zweiten Ast, die V-förmig zueinander angeordnet sind, sowie einen den ersten Ast und den zweiten Ast an ihrem jeweiligen oberen Ende miteinander verbindenden Verbindungszweig. Zwischen dem Eingangssammler und dem ersten Ast des Umlenksammlers erstreckt sich eine vom ersten Endbereich in Richtung auf den zweiten Endbereich des Rückkühlers durchströmbare, in Durchströmungsrichtung ansteigende erste Rohranordnung, und zwischen dem zweiten Ast des Umlenksammlers und dem Ausgangssammler erstreckt sich eine vom zweiten Endbereich in Richtung auf den ersten Endbereich des Rückkühlers durchströmbare, in Durchströmungsrichtung abfallende zweite Rohranordnung, wobei der Verbindungszweig des Umlenksammlers von der gesamten durch die erste Rohranordnung hindurchströmenden Wassermenge durchströmbar (allerdings im praktischen Betrieb tatsächlich "nur" von einem Großteil der durch die erste Rohranordnung hindurchströmenden Wassermenge durchströmt) ist. Der Wasserbehälter ist drucklos. Zwischen dem Wasserbehälter und dem Verbindungszweig des Umlenksammlers erstreckt sich eine offene, im Kühlbetrieb vom Umlenksammler zum Wasserbehälter durchströmbare Be-/Entlüftungsleitung.According to the present invention, this object is achieved by a cooling system which, in addition to the features specified at the beginning, in combinatorial interaction with these and with one another, also has the following features:
The dry cooler comprises at one of its first end areas an inlet connected to an input collector and an outlet connected to an output collector and at its other, opposite, second end area a deflection collector. The input collector and the output collector are arranged in a V-shape to one another. The deflection collector comprises a first branch and a second branch, which are arranged in a V-shape to one another, as well as a connecting branch connecting the first branch and the second branch to one another at their respective upper end. Between the inlet header and the first branch of the deflection header extends a first pipe arrangement that can flow through from the first end area in the direction of the second end area of the recooler and rises in the flow direction, and between the second branch of the deflection header and the outlet header one extends from the second end area in the direction of The second pipe arrangement that can flow through the first end region of the recooler and descends in the direction of flow, wherein the connecting branch of the deflection header can be traversed by the entire amount of water flowing through the first pipe arrangement (although in practical operation actually "only" by a large part of the amount of water flowing through the first pipe arrangement flows through). The water tank is pressureless. Between the water tank and the connecting branch of the deflection header extends an open ventilation line through which the deflection header to the water tank can flow in cooling mode.

Das erfindungsgemäße Kühlsystem zeichnet sich trotz seines vergleichsweise einfachen Aufbaus durch eine überraschend hohe Effizienz aus. Dem Wärmeübertragungsverhalten zwischen dem als Wärmetransportmedium eingesetzten Wasser und den Rohren der beiden von diesem durchströmten Rohranordnungen kommt dabei entgegen, dass das Wasser aus dem ersten Ast des Umlenksammlers, an dem - in Durchströmungsrichtung - die Rohre der ersten Rohranordnung münden, zusammengefasst über den gemeinsamen Verbindungszweig in den zweiten Ast des Umlenksammlers gelangt, von dem - in Durchströmungsrichtung - die Rohre der zweiten Rohranordnung ausgehen; denn hierdurch ergeben sich günstige, den Wärmeübergang begünstigende Strömungsverhältnisse. Insbesondere liegt eine konsequente Einpass-Konzeption in dem Sinne vor, dass die erste Rohranordnung, welche sich zwischen dem - einen einzigen Ast aufweisenden - Eingangssammler und dem ersten Ast des Umlenksammlers erstreckt, ausschließlich in Richtung von dem ersten zum zweiten Endbereich des Rückkühlers durchströmt wird, während die - hierzu räumlich getrennt angeordnete - zweite Rohranordnung, welche sich zwischen dem zweiten Ast des Umlenksammlers und dem - einen einzigen Ast aufweisenden - Ausgangssammler erstreckt, ausschließlich in Richtung von dem zweiten zum ersten Endbereich des Rückkühlers durchströmt wird. Mit nochmals anderen Worten: Während nach der DE 102012101271 A1 zwei zueinander parallel geschaltete Zweipass-Register vorgesehen sind, weist der Rückkühler des erfindungsgemäßen Kühlsystems zwei zueinander in Reihe geschaltete Einpass-Register auf.In spite of its comparatively simple structure, the cooling system according to the invention is distinguished by a surprisingly high efficiency. The heat transfer behavior between the water used as the heat transport medium and the pipes of the two pipe arrangements through which it flows is supported by the fact that the water from the first branch of the deflection header, at which - in the flow direction - the pipes of the first pipe arrangement open out, is combined via the common connecting branch into the second branch of the deflection collector arrives, from which - in the flow direction - the pipes of the second pipe arrangement extend; because this results in favorable flow conditions that promote heat transfer. In particular, there is a consistent fitting concept in the sense that the first pipe arrangement, which extends between the inlet header, which has a single branch, and the first branch of the deflection collector, is flowed through exclusively in the direction from the first to the second end region of the drycooler, while the - for this purpose spatially separated - second pipe arrangement, which extends between the second branch of the deflection manifold and the outlet manifold, which has a single branch, is flowed through exclusively in the direction from the second to the first end region of the dry cooler. In other words: while after the DE 102012101271 A1 two two-pass registers connected in parallel to one another are provided, the recooler of the invention Cooling system has two fitting registers connected in series.

Von dem die erste Rohranordnung (bzw. das erste Einpass-Register) durchströmenden Wasser gelangt dabei im normalen Betrieb - über den Verbindungszweig des Umlenksammlers - typischerweise der ganz überwiegende Anteil zu der zweiten Rohranordnung (bzw. dem zweiten Einpass-Register); denn die Wassermenge, die durch die ständig geöffnete Be-/Entlüftungsleitung (gedrosselt) aus dem Verbindungszweig des Umlenksammlers in den (frostgeschützt aufgestellten) Wasserbehälter abfließt, ist bei typischen Anwendungsfällen gering. Diese Menge beträgt typischerweise zwischen 1% und 5% des die erste Rohranordnung durchströmenden Wassers. Die somit eher geringen Strömungsquerschnitte der Be-/Entlüftungsleitung sind indessen regelmäßig vollkommen ausreichend, um eine zuverlässige, vollständige und hinreichend rasche Entleerung des Rückkühlers - zeitgleich durch dessen Eintritt und Austritt - zu gewährleisten. Hierzu genügt in der Regel bereits das Abschalten der Umwälzpumpe. Denn infolge der ständigen Be-/Entlüftung der Umlenksammler-Anordnung am höchsten Punkt in Verbindung mit dem Gefälle der beiden Rohranordnungen zum ersten Endbereich des Rückkühlers entleert sich der Rückkühler selbsttätig, sobald die Umwälzpumpe abgeschaltet wird. Einer Betätigung von Ventilen bedarf es hierfür nicht. Dies ist ein auch die Betriebssicherheit günstig beeinflussender Aspekt; denn im Falle eines Ausfalls der Umwälzpumpe setzt ohne weiteres die Entleerung des Rückkühlers ein, so dass konzeptionell einem Einfrieren von stehendem Wasser vorgebeugt wird. Auch dem baulichen Aufwand des Kühlsystems kommt entgegen, dass erfindungsgemäß eine ventilfreie Ausführung des Kühlsystems möglich ist.Of the water flowing through the first pipe arrangement (or the first fitting register), in normal operation - via the connecting branch of the deflection header - typically the vast majority of the water reaches the second pipe arrangement (or the second fitting register); because the amount of water that flows through the constantly open ventilation line (throttled) from the connecting branch of the deflection header into the water tank (set up protected from frost) is low in typical applications. This amount is typically between 1% and 5% of the water flowing through the first pipe arrangement. The thus rather small flow cross-sections of the ventilation line are, however, usually completely sufficient to ensure reliable, complete and sufficiently rapid emptying of the dry cooler - at the same time through its entry and exit. Switching off the circulation pump is usually sufficient for this. Because as a result of the constant ventilation of the deflection header arrangement at the highest point in connection with the gradient of the two pipe arrangements to the first end area of the recooler, the recooler empties automatically as soon as the circulating pump is switched off. There is no need to actuate valves for this. This is an aspect that also has a beneficial effect on operational safety; because in the event of a failure of the circulation pump, the emptying of the recooler starts without further ado, so that the conceptual design prevents standing water from freezing. The structural complexity of the cooling system also benefits from the fact that, according to the invention, a valve-free design of the cooling system is possible.

Die dargelegte systemimmanente hohe Zuverlässigkeit des Kühlsystems gegen frostbedingte Beschädigung wirkt sich weitergehend dergestalt günstig aus, dass der Rückkühler keine Begleitheizungen aufzuweisen braucht. Das ist ein weiterer Vorteil von erheblicher Praxisrelevanz.The system-immanent high reliability of the cooling system against damage caused by frost has a further beneficial effect that the recooler does not need to have any trace heating. This is another advantage of considerable practical relevance.

In bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung liegen der Eingangssammler und der erste Ast des Umlenksammlers in einer gemeinsamen ersten Ebene und der Ausgangssammler und der zweite Ast des Umlenksammlers in einer gemeinsamen zweiten Ebene. Dabei schließen die erste Ebene und die zweite Ebene bevorzugt einen Winkel zwischen 40° und 70°, besonders bevorzugt einen Winkel zwischen 50° und 60° miteinander ein. Bei typischen Anwendungsfällen wird bei einer solchen Anordnung der zur Verfügung stehende Bauraum besonders gut für die Wärmeabgabe an die Umgebungsluft ausgenutzt, es ergibt sich somit eine gute Raumeffizienz. Je nach der individuell erwarteten Leistung sind dabei die Rohre der ersten Rohranordnung bevorzugt in mehreren, besonders bevorzugt mindestens drei zu der ersten Ebene parallelen Ebenen und die Rohre der zweiten Rohranordnung bevorzugt in mehreren, besonders bevorzugt mindestens drei zu der zweiten Ebene parallelen Ebenen angeordnet. Hervorragende Werte für die Wärmeleistung lassen sich erzielen, wenn sich die Rohre der ersten und der zweiten Rohranordnung auf jeweils vier zueinander parallele Ebenen verteilen.In a preferred development of the invention, the input collector and the first branch of the deflection collector are in a common first plane and the output collector and the second branch of the deflection collector are in a common second plane. The first plane and the second plane preferably enclose an angle between 40 ° and 70 °, particularly preferably an angle between 50 ° and 60 °, with one another. In typical applications, with such an arrangement, the available space is used particularly well for the dissipation of heat to the ambient air, which results in good space efficiency. Depending on the individually expected performance, the tubes of the first tube arrangement are preferably arranged in several, particularly preferably at least three planes parallel to the first plane and the tubes of the second tube arrangement are preferably arranged in several, particularly preferably at least three planes parallel to the second plane. Excellent values for the thermal output can be achieved if the tubes of the first and the second tube arrangement are each distributed over four mutually parallel planes.

Gemäß einer anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist mindestens eines der Rohre der ersten Rohranordnung an den ersten Ast des Umlenksammlers im Bereich eines diesen unten verschließenden Bodens und/oder ist mindestens eines der Rohre der zweiten Rohranordnung an den zweiten Ast des Umlenksammlers im Bereich eines diesen unten verschließenden Bodens angeschlossen. Durch einen solchen Anschluss mindestens eines Rohres der ersten und/oder zweiten Rohranordnung an den zugeordneten Ast des Umlenksammlers wird zuverlässig eine optimale und vollständige Entleerung des Umlenksammlers erreicht. Frostgefährdete Rückstände verbleiben keine.According to another preferred development of the invention, at least one of the pipes of the first pipe arrangement is on the first branch of the deflection header in the area of a bottom closing this bottom and / or at least one of the pipes of the second pipe arrangement is on the second branch of the deflection header in the area of one of the bottom closing bottom connected. By such a one When at least one pipe of the first and / or second pipe arrangement is connected to the associated branch of the deflection header, an optimal and complete emptying of the deflection header is reliably achieved. There are no residues at risk of frost.

Im Zusammenhang mit den vorstehend dargelegten Aspekten ist weiterhin besonders günstig, wenn der Verbindungszweig des Umlenksammlers die einzige Strömungsverbindung zwischen dessen erstem Ast und dessen zweitem Ast darstellt.In connection with the aspects set out above, it is also particularly advantageous if the connecting branch of the deflection collector represents the only flow connection between its first branch and its second branch.

Im Folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung veranschaulichte bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

Fig. 1
in Seitenansicht einen bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Kühlsystem einsetzbaren Rückkühler,
Fig. 2
eine stirnseitige Ansicht auf den ersten Endbereich des Rückkühlers nach Fig. 1
Fig. 3
im Detail die Ausführung von Einlass und Auslass sowie deren Umgebung,
Fig. 4
eine stirnseitige Ansicht auf den zweiten Endbereich des Rückkühlers nach Fig. 1
Fig. 5
im Detail die Ausführung der unteren Enden der beiden Äste des Umlenksammlers und
Fig. 6
im Detail die Ausführung des Verbindungszweiges des Umlenksammlers.
The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
a side view of a recooler that can be used in a cooling system according to the invention,
Fig. 2
an end view of the first end area of the dry cooler Fig. 1
Fig. 3
in detail the design of the inlet and outlet as well as their surroundings,
Fig. 4
an end view of the second end area of the dry cooler Fig. 1
Fig. 5
in detail the execution of the lower ends of the two branches of the deflection collector and
Fig. 6
in detail the execution of the connection branch of the deflection collector.

Der in der Zeichnung veranschaulichte Rückkühler 1 ist bestimmt und geeignet zum Einsatz im Rahmen eines Kühlsystems, das mit im Kreislauf geführtem Wasser (ohne Frostschutz-Zusatz) als Wärmetransportmedium betrieben wird und zusätzlich zu dem Rückkühler eine von dem Wasser durchströmte, dem Wärmeeintrag in das Wasser dienende Eintragseinrichtung und einen (frostgeschützt angeordneten) Wasserbehälter umfasst. Der Rückkühler 1 ist dabei von dem Wasser durchströmt und dient der Abgabe von Wärme an die Umgebungsluft. Und der Wasserbehälter ist in einer den Rückkühler, die Eintragseinrichtung und den Wasserbehälter miteinander verbindenden, mindestens eine Umwälzpumpe aufweisenden Leitungsanordnung in Durchströmungsrichtung zwischen dem Rückkühler und der Eintragseinrichtung angeordnet.The dry cooler 1 illustrated in the drawing is intended and suitable for use in a cooling system that is operated with circulating water (without the addition of antifreeze) as a heat transport medium and, in addition to the dry cooler, the heat input into the water serving entry device and a (frost-protected arranged) Includes water tank. The recooler 1 is flowed through by the water and is used to give off heat to the ambient air. And the water tank is arranged in a line arrangement which connects the recooler, the inlet device and the water tank to one another and has at least one circulating pump in the flow direction between the recooler and the inlet device.

Da das generelle Konzept des Kühlsystems, soweit sich aus den nachfolgenden Erläuterungen nichts Gegenteiliges ergibt, dem Stand der Technik (z. B. DE 102012101271 A1 ) entsprechen kann, wird insoweit auf eine Darstellung und Erläuterung verzichtet; und die nachfolgenden Erläuterungen fokussieren sich auf den in den Figuren 1-6 veranschaulichten Rückkühler 1, an dem sich die Erfindung manifestiert.Since the general concept of the cooling system, unless otherwise stated in the following explanations, corresponds to the state of the art (e.g. DE 102012101271 A1 ) can correspond, an illustration and explanation is dispensed with in this respect; and the following explanations focus on the Figures 1-6 illustrated dry cooler 1, on which the invention is manifested.

Der Rückkühler 1 umfasst ein aus mehreren - über beidseits angeordnete Zugstangen 26 miteinander verspannten - Segmenten 2 zusammengefügtes Gehäuse 3. Dessen Rahmen 4 stützt sich über (unterschiedlich lange) Füße 5 dergestalt auf dem Untergrund 6 ab, dass es gegenüber der Horizontalen geneigt ist, und zwar vom stirnseitigen ersten Endbereich 7 des Rückkühlers 1 zum gegenüberliegenden zweiten Endbereich 8 des Rückkühlers 1 ansteigend. An der Oberseite 9 des Gehäuses 3 befinden sich - pro Gehäusesegment 2 zwei - Ventilatoren 10, die für eine vertikale Luftströmung L durch den Rückkühler 1 hindurch sorgen.The recooler 1 comprises a housing 3 assembled from several segments 2 braced together via tie rods 26 arranged on both sides. Its frame 4 is supported by feet 5 (of different lengths) on the substrate 6 in such a way that it is inclined relative to the horizontal, and although increasing from the frontal first end region 7 of the recooler 1 to the opposite second end region 8 of the recooler 1. On the upper side 9 of the housing 3 there are - two per housing segment 2 - fans 10 which ensure a vertical air flow L through the recooler 1.

Zur Kühlung des Wassers in dem Rückkühler 1 verfügt dieser über zwei in Reihe geschaltete Einpass-Register 11, 12. Hierzu weist er an seinem ersten Endbereich 7 einen Eingang 13, welcher mit einem Eingangssammler 14 verbunden ist, und einen mit einem Ausgangssammler 15 verbundenen Ausgang 16 auf. Der rohrartige Eingangssammler 14 und der ebenfalls rohrartige Ausgangssammler 15 erstrecken sich vom Eingang 13 bzw. Ausgang 16 schräg auswärts nach oben geneigt, so dass sich eine V-förmige Anordnung von Eingangssammler 14 und Ausgangsammler 15 zueinander ergibt.To cool the water in the recooler 1, it has two series-connected fitting registers 11, 12. For this purpose, it has an input 13 at its first end region 7, which is connected to an input collector 14, and an output connected to an output collector 15 16 on. The tubular input collector 14 and the likewise tubular output collector 15 extend from the input 13 and output 16, respectively, inclined outwardly upward, so that a V-shaped arrangement of input collector 14 and output collector 15 results in relation to one another.

An seinem zweiten Endbereich 8 verfügt der Rückkühler 1 über einen Umlenksammler 17. Dieser umfasst einen ersten Ast 18, einen zweiten Ast 19 und einen den ersten Ast 18 und den zweiten Ast 19 an ihrem jeweiligen oberen Ende miteinander verbindenden Verbindungszweig 20. Die beiden Äste 18, 19 des Umlenksammlers 17 sind V-förmig zueinander angeordnet. Die Neigung ist dabei dergestalt auf den Eingangssammler 14 und den Ausgangssammler 15 abgestimmt, dass der erste Ast 18 des Umlenksammlers 17 und der Eingangssammler 14 in einer gemeinsamen ersten Ebene und dass der zweite Ast 19 des Umlenksammlers 17 und der Ausgangssammler 15 in einer gemeinsamen zweiten Ebene liegen. Die erste Ebene und die zweite Ebene schließen dabei einen Winkel von etwa 55° miteinander ein.At its second end region 8, the recooler 1 has a deflection collector 17. This comprises a first branch 18, a second branch 19 and a connecting branch 20 connecting the first branch 18 and the second branch 19 to one another at their respective upper end. The two branches 18 , 19 of the deflection collector 17 are arranged in a V-shape to one another. The inclination is matched to the input collector 14 and the output collector 15 in such a way that the first branch 18 of the deflection collector 17 and the input collector 14 in a common first plane and that the second branch 19 of the deflection collector 17 and the output collector 15 in a common second plane lie. The first level and the second level form an angle of approximately 55 ° with one another.

Zwischen dem Eingangssammler 14 und dem ersten Ast 18 des Umlenksammlers 17 erstreckt sich eine erste Rohranordnung 21, und zwischen dem zweiten Ast 19 des Umlenksammlers 17 und dem Ausgangssammler 15 erstreckt sich eine zweite Rohranordnung 22. Jede der beiden Rohranordnungen 21, 22 umfasst eine Vielzahl von zueinander parallelen, geraden Rohren 23. Die Rohre 23 der ersten Rohranordnung 21 verlaufen dabei in drei zu der ersten Ebene parallelen Ebenen, und die Rohre 23 der zweiten Rohranordnung 22 verlaufen in drei zu der zweiten Ebene parallelen Ebenen. Zwei Rohre 23 der zweiten Rohranordnung 22 sind, wie dies Fig. 5 entnehmbar ist, an den zweiten Ast 19 des Umlenksammlers 17 im Bereich eines diesen unten verschließenden Bodens 24 angeordnet. Entsprechendes gilt für zwei Rohre 23 der ersten Rohranordnung 21. Die - das erste Einpass-Register 11 bildende - erste Rohranordnung 21 ist vom ersten Endbereich 7 des Rückkühlers 1 in Richtung auf dessen zweiten Endbereich 8 durchströmbar, und zwar - infolge der Neigung des Gehäuses 3 - in Durchströmungsrichtung leicht ansteigend. Und die - das zweite Einpass-Register 12 bildende - zweite Rohranordnung 22 ist vom zweiten Endbereich 8 des Rückkühlers 1 in Richtung auf dessen ersten Endbereich 7 durchströmbar, und zwar - infolge der Neigung des Gehäuses 3 - in Durchströmungsrichtung leicht abfallend.A first pipe arrangement 21 extends between the inlet header 14 and the first branch 18 of the deflection header 17, and a second pipe arrangement 22 extends between the second branch 19 of the deflection header 17 and the outlet header 15 straight tubes 23 parallel to one another. The tubes 23 of the first tube arrangement 21 run in three planes parallel to the first plane, and the tubes 23 of the second tube arrangement 22 run in three planes parallel to the second plane. Two tubes 23 of the second tube assembly 22 are like this Fig. 5 can be removed, arranged on the second branch 19 of the deflection collector 17 in the area of a bottom 24 that closes it at the bottom. The same applies accordingly for two pipes 23 of the first pipe arrangement 21. The first pipe arrangement 21 - forming the first fitting register 11 - can flow through from the first end region 7 of the recooler 1 in the direction of its second end region 8, namely - due to the inclination of the housing 3 - in Direction of flow slightly increasing. And the second pipe arrangement 22 - forming the second fitting register 12 - can flow through from the second end region 8 of the recooler 1 in the direction of its first end region 7, namely - due to the inclination of the housing 3 - slightly sloping in the direction of flow.

Vom ersten Einpass-Register 11 zum (mit diesem in Reihe geschalteten) zweiten Einpass-Register 12 gelangt das Wasser über den den ersten Ast 18 des Umlenksammlers 17 mit dessen zweiten Ast 19 verbindenden Verbindungszweig 20. Dieser stellt die einzige Strömungsverbindung zwischen dem erstem und dem zweitem Ast 18, 19 des Umlenksammlers 17 dar und ist so dimensioniert, dass er von der gesamten durch die erste Rohranordnung 21 hindurchströmenden Wassermenge durchströmbar ist.From the first pass-in register 11 to the second pass-in register 12 (connected in series with it), the water passes through the connecting branch 20 connecting the first branch 18 of the deflection collector 17 to its second branch 19 second branch 18, 19 of the deflection header 17 and is dimensioned such that it can be flown through by the entire amount of water flowing through the first pipe arrangement 21.

An dem Verbindungszweig 20 des Umlenksammlers ist ein Be-/Entlüftungsanschluss 25 vorgesehen. An diesen ist eine - nicht dargestellte - Be-/Entlüftungsleitung angeschlossen, welche sich zum Wasserbehälter erstreckt. Die Be-/Entlüftungsleitung ist ständig offen und im Kühlbetrieb ständig vom Umlenksammler 17 zum Wasserbehälter durchströmbar. Ein geringer Anteil (z. B. 1-5%) des Wassers, das das erste Einpass-Register 11 durchströmt hat, gelangt auf diese Weise nicht über das zweite Eipass-Register 12 zum Wasserbehälter, sondern wird vielmehr über den Be-/Entlüftungsanschluss 25 und die Be-/Entlüftungsleitung dorthin abgeleitet. Im Hinblick auf diese Funktionsweise ist der Wasserbehälter drucklos; die Aufteilung des Wassermengenstromes auf das zweite Einpass-Register 12 und die Be-/Entlüftungsleitung stellt sich durch die geometrischen Verhältnisse (wie insbesondere die Rohr-/Leitungsquerschnitte und Rohr-/Leitungslängen) und den hierdurch beeinflussten Strömungswiderstand ein.A ventilation connection 25 is provided on the connecting branch 20 of the deflection header. A ventilation line (not shown) is connected to this and extends to the water tank. The ventilation line is always open and, in cooling mode, can be flown through continuously from the deflection collector 17 to the water tank. A small proportion (e.g. 1-5%) of the water that has flowed through the first pass-in register 11 does not reach the water container via the second egg-pass register 12, but rather is via the ventilation connection 25 and the ventilation line derived there. With regard to this mode of operation, the water tank is pressureless; the Distribution of the water flow to the second fitting register 12 and the ventilation line is established by the geometric relationships (such as in particular the pipe / line cross-sections and pipe / line lengths) and the flow resistance influenced by this.

Claims (10)

  1. Cooling system with water guided in the circuit as the heat transport medium, comprising an application device flowed through by the water and functioning to apply heat to the water, a heat exchanger (1) flowed through by the water and functioning to discharge heat to the surrounding air, and a water container, which is arranged in the flow direction between the heat exchanger (1) and the application device in a tube arrangement, which connects the heat exchanger (1), the application device, and the water container with one another and has at least one circulating pump, characterized by the following features:
    - the heat exchanger (1) comprises an inlet (13) connected to an inlet manifold (14) and an outlet (16) connected to an outlet manifold (15) on its one, first end region (7) and a deflection manifold (17) on its other, opposite second end region (8);
    - the inlet manifold (14) and the outlet manifold (15) are arranged in a V shape with respect to each other;
    - the deflection manifold (17) comprises a first branch (18) and a second branch (19), which are arranged in a V shape with respect to each other, and a connecting branch (20) connecting the first branch (18) and the second branch (19) to each other at their respective upper ends;
    - a first tube arrangement (21) which can be flowed through, extends between the inlet manifold (14) and the first branch (18) of the deflection manifold (17), and rises in the flow direction from the first end region (7) in the direction of the second end region (8) of the heat exchanger (1), and a second tube arrangement (22) which can be flowed through, extends between the second branch (19) of the deflection manifold (17) and the outlet manifold (15), and descends in the flow direction from the second end region (8) in the direction of the first end region (7) of the heat exchanger (1), wherein the connecting branch (20) of the deflection manifold (17) can be flowed through by the entire amount of water flowing through the first tube arrangement (21);
    - the water container is unpressurized;
    - an open ventilation line, which can be flowed through from the deflection manifold to the water container in a cooling operation, extends between the water container and the connecting branch (20) of the deflection manifold (17).
  2. Cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet manifold (14) and the first branch (18) of the deflection manifold (17) lie in a common first plane and that the outlet manifold (15) and the second branch (19) of the deflection manifold (17) lie in a common second plane.
  3. Cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that the tubes (23) of the first tube arrangement (21) are arranged in multiple, preferably at least three, planes parallel to the first plane, and that the tubes (23) of the second tube arrangement (22) are arranged in multiple, preferably at least three, planes parallel to the second plane.
  4. Cooling system according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the first plane and the second plane mutually define an angle between 40° and 70°, preferably between 50° and 60°.
  5. Cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one of the tubes (23) of the first tube arrangement (21) is connected to the first branch (18) of the deflection manifold (17) in the region of a bottom (24) closing the same at the bottom, and/or that at least one of the tubes (23) of the second tube arrangement (22) is connected to the second branch (19) of the deflection manifold (17) in the region of a bottom (24) closing the same at the bottom.
  6. Cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connecting branch (20) of the deflection manifold (17) constitutes the sole flow connection between the first branch (18) and the second branch (19).
  7. Use of a cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the water used as a heat transport medium does not contain anti-freezing agents.
  8. Cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tubes (23) of the first tube arrangement (21) extend continuously straight from the inlet manifold (14) to the first branch (18) of the deflection manifold (17), and that the tubes (23) of the second tube arrangement (22) extend continuously straight from the second branch (19) of the deflection manifold (17) to the outlet manifold (15).
  9. Cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is designed to be valve-free.
  10. Cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the heat exchanger (1) does not have trace heating.
EP18716152.6A 2017-04-05 2018-03-27 Cooling system Active EP3583369B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017107300.0A DE102017107300B4 (en) 2017-04-05 2017-04-05 Cooling system
PCT/EP2018/057732 WO2018184908A1 (en) 2017-04-05 2018-03-27 Cooling system

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EP3583369A1 EP3583369A1 (en) 2019-12-25
EP3583369B1 true EP3583369B1 (en) 2021-05-12

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EP (1) EP3583369B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102017107300B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2018184908A1 (en)

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DE202019102230U1 (en) 2019-04-18 2019-05-03 Güntner Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger arrangement with at least one multi-pass heat exchanger
DE202019102232U1 (en) 2019-04-18 2019-04-30 Güntner Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger arrangement with at least one multi-pass heat exchanger
DE102019110237A1 (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 Güntner Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger arrangement with at least one multi-pass heat exchanger and method for operating a heat exchanger arrangement
DE202019102229U1 (en) 2019-04-18 2019-05-07 Güntner Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger assembly with at least one multi-pass heat exchanger
DE102019110236A1 (en) 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 Güntner Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger arrangement with at least one multi-pass heat exchanger and method for operating a heat exchanger arrangement
DE202019102231U1 (en) 2019-04-18 2019-04-26 Güntner Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger arrangement with at least one multi-pass heat exchanger
DE102021127498A1 (en) 2021-10-22 2023-04-27 Cabero Beteiligungs-Gmbh cooling system

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DE1263789B (en) * 1959-03-06 1968-03-21 Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh Air-cooled surface condenser
US3384165A (en) * 1966-02-03 1968-05-21 Du Pont Heat exchanger
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WO2018184908A1 (en) 2018-10-11
DE102017107300A1 (en) 2018-10-11
DE102017107300B4 (en) 2021-03-18
EP3583369A1 (en) 2019-12-25

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