EP3569873A1 - Telescopic actuator with automatic locking - Google Patents

Telescopic actuator with automatic locking Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3569873A1
EP3569873A1 EP19175001.7A EP19175001A EP3569873A1 EP 3569873 A1 EP3569873 A1 EP 3569873A1 EP 19175001 A EP19175001 A EP 19175001A EP 3569873 A1 EP3569873 A1 EP 3569873A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
obstacles
rod
piston
cylinder
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19175001.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3569873B1 (en
Inventor
Gilbert Lecourtier
Arnaud LE BRETON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Landing Systems SAS
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Safran Landing Systems SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Safran Landing Systems SAS filed Critical Safran Landing Systems SAS
Publication of EP3569873A1 publication Critical patent/EP3569873A1/en
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Publication of EP3569873B1 publication Critical patent/EP3569873B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1466—Hollow piston sliding over a stationary rod inside the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1409—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type with two or more independently movable working pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/16—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type of the telescopic type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/26—Locking mechanisms
    • F15B15/261—Locking mechanisms using positive interengagement, e.g. balls and grooves, for locking in the end positions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/26—Locking mechanisms
    • F15B2015/268—Fluid supply for locking or release independent of actuator pressurisation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a telescopic actuator with automatic locking.
  • the invention relates to a telescopic actuator equipped with a locking device in the position of two movable elements relative to each other in an axial direction, for example a rod mounted to slide telescopically in a cylinder.
  • Some actuators are equipped with a locking device in the position of the rod, in particular in the retracted or extended position.
  • the claw locking devices comprise on the one hand a sleeve, most often installed on the rod, and the tubular wall of which is cut to form a number of elastically deformable claws that extend cantilevered along an axial direction being terminated by hooks, and secondly an anchoring portion provided on the cylinder, having an annular recess for receiving the hooks.
  • the anchoring part has a redan to bend the claws at the passage of the redan under the hooks of the claws. The redan is followed by an annular withdrawal in which the hooks engage to allow the claws to return to the rest position once the hooks have passed the redan.
  • a locking piston which has been pushed against a return spring by the hooks during their passage over the step then moves axially to cap the hooks of the claws and thus prevent bending thereof, so that the hooks are held captive in the annular recess, which locks in position the actuator rod in the cylinder.
  • the segment locking devices comprise for their part mounted radially movable on the cylinder between a retracted position in which the rod is free to slide in the cylinder and an engaged position in which the segments are pushed by a piston, itself pushed by a spring, to enter a housing formed on the rod or the associated piston. Once the segments engaged, the piston passes over the segments to prevent them from retracting, and thus lock in position the rod on the cylinder.
  • the locking depends on the displacement of a locking piston.
  • the disengagement of the locking members (hooks claws, segments) when the locking piston is moved back is allowed by slopes provided on the parts in contact to push the locking members when the rod is moved in the cylinder.
  • the invention aims to provide a telescopic actuator equipped with an automatic locking device without locking piston.
  • a telescopic actuator comprising a cylinder having a closed end and an open end for the passage. a hollow rod mounted to slide axially in the cylinder.
  • the actuator comprises a central support which extends from the closed end of the cylinder inside the rod and which carries radially movable obstacles between a retracted position leaving free sliding of the rod and a projecting position in which the obstacles are engaged in a groove of the rod to axially lock the rod relative to the cylinder, the sides of the obstacles and the groove being shaped to prevent removal of obstacles by displacement of the rod, the obstacles being arranged at the end axially extending resilient blades and arranged to recall the obstacles from the retracted position to the projecting position, the central support carrying means controlled bending of the blades to cause the removal of obstacles to the retracted position.
  • the locking is ensured automatically by simply engaging obstacles in the throat of the rod under the action of the blades, the obstacles being held in position by the blades without the need to confirm this commitment by a locking piston . Any attempt to move the rod will then be blocked by the cooperation of obstacles with the sides of the throat. Unlocking requires the prior control of the bending means of the blades, which disengages the obstacles, allowing the free movement of the rod.
  • the controlled means of bending of the blades comprise an unlocking piston mounted axially sliding in the central support between a rest position in which the unlocking piston is removed from the obstacles, and an unlocking position in which a hollow end taper of the unlocking piston cooperates with fingers integral with each of the obstacles to cause the bending of the blades and thus the removal of obstacles from the projecting position to the retracted position.
  • the telescopic actuator of the invention comprises a cylinder 1 closed at one end by a sealed bottom 2 and at another end by a pierced bottom 3 to pass a rod 4 secured to a piston 5 mounted in a sliding manner in the cylinder 1 along an X axis to define a hydraulic retraction chamber 6 and a hydraulic extension chamber 7.
  • the displacement of the rod 4 relative to the cylinder 1 is obtained by pressurizing one or the other of the chambers.
  • the rod 4 and the piston 5 are hollow and define an internal axial housing 8 having, at the piston 5, a groove 9 with flanks substantially perpendicular to the axis X.
  • the actuator further comprises a central support 10 which extends from the sealed bottom 2 in an axial direction and on which is screwed a locking sleeve 11, especially visible to the figure 2 which extends inside the axial housing 8 of the rod / piston assembly.
  • the locking sleeve 11 has a generally tubular shape terminated on one side by a bottom 12 and on the other side by a threaded end 13 intended to be screwed onto the central support 10.
  • the locking sleeve 11 comprises a tubular wall in which longitudinal blades 14 are cut to each have a first end secured to the locking sleeve 11 and a free end carrying an obstacle 15 which protrudes outwardly of the locking sleeve 11 when the blades 14 are at the state of rest, as illustrated here.
  • a finger 16 extends longitudinally from each obstacle 15 inside the locking sleeve 11.
  • the blades 14 can bend inwardly of the locking sleeve 11 so that the obstacles 15 are brought radially towards a retracted position in which they do not protrude from the outer surface of the locking sleeve 11. The blades 14 then exert a return force of obstacles 15 to the protruding position.
  • an unlocking piston 20 is sealingly mounted in the central support 10 to define an unlocking chamber 21 which is pressurized to cause the displacement of the unlocking piston 20 to an unlocking position in which a conical hollow end 22 of the piston cooperates with the fingers 16 to force the blades 14 to flex and thus retract the obstacles 15, so that the rod 4 is released and can slide freely, as shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • a return spring 23 moves the unlocking piston 20 to a rest position in which the unlocking piston 20 is moved away from the fingers 16, as illustrated in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the rod 4 is locked automatically as soon as it reaches the locking position in which the groove 9 comes opposite the obstacles 15.
  • the obstacles 15 remain retracted while being pressed against the surface 8 when the expansion chamber 7 is pressurized, the rod 4 out until the blades 14 bent push the obstacles 15 to the projecting position in the groove 9, as soon as the It goes over obstacles 15.
  • the obstacles 15 have returned to the projecting position under the action of the blades, since the rod 4 and the piston 5 are no longer facing. 15.
  • the invention may also be applied to an electromechanical actuator or hybrid technology.
  • the actuation of the unlocking piston may for example be provided by a single electromagnet.
  • the locking position is an intermediate position between the retracted position and the extended position of the actuator, the locking device of the invention can be used to lock in one of these two extreme positions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un actionneur télescopique comportant un cylindre (1) ayant une extrémité fermée (2) et une extrémité ouverte (3) pour le passage d'une tige creuse (4) montée à coulissement axial dans le cylindre. L'actionneur comporte un support central (10) qui s'étend depuis l'extrémité fermée du cylindre à l'intérieur de la tige et qui porte des obstacles (15) mobiles radialement entre une position escamotée laissant libre un coulissement de la tige et une position en saillie dans laquelle les obstacles sont engagés dans une gorge (9) de la tige pour verrouiller axialement la tige relativement au cylindre, les flancs des obstacles et de la gorge étant conformés pour empêcher tout retrait des obstacles par déplacement de la tige, les obstacles étant disposés à l'extrémité de lames élastiques (14) s'étendant longitudinalement et agencées pour rappeler les obstacles de la position escamotée à la position en saillie, le support central portant des moyens commandés (20) de flexion des lames pour provoquer le retrait des obstacles vers la position escamotée.The invention relates to a telescopic actuator comprising a cylinder (1) having a closed end (2) and an open end (3) for the passage of a hollow rod (4) mounted to slide axially in the cylinder. The actuator comprises a central support (10) which extends from the closed end of the cylinder inside the rod and which carries obstacles (15) movable radially between a retracted position leaving free sliding of the rod and a protruding position in which the obstacles are engaged in a groove (9) of the rod to axially lock the rod relative to the cylinder, the sides of the obstacles and the groove being shaped to prevent removal of obstacles by displacement of the rod, the obstacles being arranged at the end of elastic strips (14) extending longitudinally and arranged to recall the obstacles from the retracted position to the projecting position, the central support carrying controlled means (20) for bending the blades to cause removal of obstacles to the retracted position.

Description

L'invention concerne un actionneur télescopique à verrouillage automatique.The invention relates to a telescopic actuator with automatic locking.

ARRIERE PLAN DE L'INVENTIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

L'invention est relative à un actionneur télescopique équipé d'un dispositif de verrouillage en position de deux éléments mobiles relativement l'un à l'autre selon une direction axiale, par exemple une tige montée pour coulisser télescopiquement dans un cylindre. Certains actionneurs sont équipés d'un dispositif de verrouillage en position de la tige, en particulier en position rentrée ou sortie.The invention relates to a telescopic actuator equipped with a locking device in the position of two movable elements relative to each other in an axial direction, for example a rod mounted to slide telescopically in a cylinder. Some actuators are equipped with a locking device in the position of the rod, in particular in the retracted or extended position.

Les dispositifs de verrouillage à griffes comportent d'une part un manchon, le plus souvent installé sur la tige, et dont la paroi tubulaire est découpée pour former un certain nombre de griffes élastiquement déformables qui s'étendent en porte à faux selon une direction axiale en étant terminées par des crochets, et d'autre part une partie d'ancrage ménagée sur le cylindre, comportant un retrait annulaire pour recevoir les crochets. La partie d'ancrage comporte un redan pour faire fléchir les griffes au passage du redan sous les crochets des griffes. Le redan est suivi d'un retrait annulaire dans lequel les crochets s'engagent pour permettre aux griffes de revenir en position de repos une fois que les crochets ont passé le redan. Un piston de verrouillage qui a été repoussé à l'encontre d'un ressort de rappel par les crochets lors de leur passage par-dessus le redan se déplace alors axialement pour coiffer les crochets des griffes et ainsi empêcher la flexion de celles-ci, de sorte que les crochets sont maintenus prisonniers dans le retrait annulaire, ce qui verrouille en position la tige de l'actionneur dans le cylindre.The claw locking devices comprise on the one hand a sleeve, most often installed on the rod, and the tubular wall of which is cut to form a number of elastically deformable claws that extend cantilevered along an axial direction being terminated by hooks, and secondly an anchoring portion provided on the cylinder, having an annular recess for receiving the hooks. The anchoring part has a redan to bend the claws at the passage of the redan under the hooks of the claws. The redan is followed by an annular withdrawal in which the hooks engage to allow the claws to return to the rest position once the hooks have passed the redan. A locking piston which has been pushed against a return spring by the hooks during their passage over the step then moves axially to cap the hooks of the claws and thus prevent bending thereof, so that the hooks are held captive in the annular recess, which locks in position the actuator rod in the cylinder.

Pour déverrouiller la tige, il suffit de faire reculer le piston de verrouillage de sorte à permettre de nouveau la flexion des griffes, et de faire éloigner la partie d'ancrage du manchon. Le piston de verrouillage est déplacé à l'encontre du ressort de rappel au moyen de fluide sous pression, de concert avec le déplacement de la tige, sans qu'il soit besoin de prévoir une commande individualisée.To unlock the stem, simply push the locking piston back so that the claws are flexed again and the anchoring portion of the sleeve. The locking piston is moved against the return spring by means of pressurized fluid, in concert with the movement of the rod, without the need to provide an individual control.

Les dispositifs de verrouillage à segments comportent quant à eux des segments montés mobiles radialement sur le cylindre entre une position escamotée dans laquelle la tige est libre de coulisser dans le cylindre et une position engagée dans laquelle les segments sont poussés par un piston, lui-même poussé par un ressort, pour pénétrer dans un logement ménagé sur la tige ou sur le piston associé. Une fois les segments engagés, le piston passe par-dessus les segments pour les empêcher de s'escamoter, et ainsi verrouiller en position la tige sur le cylindre.The segment locking devices comprise for their part mounted radially movable on the cylinder between a retracted position in which the rod is free to slide in the cylinder and an engaged position in which the segments are pushed by a piston, itself pushed by a spring, to enter a housing formed on the rod or the associated piston. Once the segments engaged, the piston passes over the segments to prevent them from retracting, and thus lock in position the rod on the cylinder.

Dans les deux cas, le verrouillage dépend du déplacement d'un piston de verrouillage. Le désengagement des organes de blocage (crochets des griffes, segments) lorsque le piston de verrouillage est reculé est permis par des pentes ménagées sur les parties en contact permettant de repousser les organes de blocage lorsque la tige est déplacée dans le cylindre.In both cases, the locking depends on the displacement of a locking piston. The disengagement of the locking members (hooks claws, segments) when the locking piston is moved back is allowed by slopes provided on the parts in contact to push the locking members when the rod is moved in the cylinder.

Dans quelques cas, on a pu observer des dysfonctionnements empêchant le piston verrouilleur de recouvrir l'organe de blocage, rendant impossible le blocage positif de la tige sur le cylindre.In some cases, it has been possible to observe malfunctions preventing the locking piston from covering the locking member, making it impossible to positively lock the rod on the cylinder.

OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

L'invention vise à proposer un actionneur télescopique équipé d'un dispositif de verrouillage automatique sans piston de verrouillage.The invention aims to provide a telescopic actuator equipped with an automatic locking device without locking piston.

PRESENTATION DE L'INVENTIONPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

En vue de la réalisation de ce but, on propose un actionneur télescopique comportant un cylindre ayant une extrémité fermée et une extrémité ouverte pour le passage d'une tige creuse montée à coulissement axial dans le cylindre. Selon l'invention, l'actionneur comporte un support central qui s'étend depuis l'extrémité fermée du cylindre à l'intérieur de la tige et qui porte des obstacles radialement mobiles entre une position escamotée laissant libre un coulissement de la tige et une position en saillie dans laquelle les obstacles sont engagés dans une gorge de la tige pour verrouiller axialement la tige relativement au cylindre, les flancs des obstacles et de la gorge étant conformés pour empêcher tout retrait des obstacles par déplacement de la tige, les obstacles étant disposés à l'extrémité de lames élastiques s'étendant axialement et agencées pour rappeler les obstacles de la position escamotée à la position en saillie, le support central portant des moyens commandés de flexion des lames pour provoquer le retrait des obstacles vers la position escamotée.In order to achieve this goal, a telescopic actuator is proposed comprising a cylinder having a closed end and an open end for the passage. a hollow rod mounted to slide axially in the cylinder. According to the invention, the actuator comprises a central support which extends from the closed end of the cylinder inside the rod and which carries radially movable obstacles between a retracted position leaving free sliding of the rod and a projecting position in which the obstacles are engaged in a groove of the rod to axially lock the rod relative to the cylinder, the sides of the obstacles and the groove being shaped to prevent removal of obstacles by displacement of the rod, the obstacles being arranged at the end axially extending resilient blades and arranged to recall the obstacles from the retracted position to the projecting position, the central support carrying means controlled bending of the blades to cause the removal of obstacles to the retracted position.

Ainsi, le verrouillage est assuré automatiquement par le simple engagement des obstacles dans la gorge de la tige sous l'action des lames, les obstacles étant maintenus en position par les lames sans qu'il soit besoin de confirmer cet engagement par un piston de verrouillage. Toute tentative de déplacement de la tige sera alors bloquée par la coopération des obstacles avec les flancs de la gorge. Le déverrouillage impose la commande préalable des moyens de flexion des lames, ce qui désengage les obstacles, permettant le libre déplacement de la tige.Thus, the locking is ensured automatically by simply engaging obstacles in the throat of the rod under the action of the blades, the obstacles being held in position by the blades without the need to confirm this commitment by a locking piston . Any attempt to move the rod will then be blocked by the cooperation of obstacles with the sides of the throat. Unlocking requires the prior control of the bending means of the blades, which disengages the obstacles, allowing the free movement of the rod.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, les moyens commandés de flexion des lames comprennent un piston déverrouilleur monté axialement coulissant dans le support central entre une position de repos dans laquelle le piston déverrouilleur est éloigné des obstacles, et une position de déverrouillage dans laquelle une extrémité creuse conique du piston déverrouilleur coopère avec des doigts solidaires de chacun des obstacles pour provoquer la flexion des lames et donc le retrait des obstacles de la position en saillie à la position escamotée.According to a preferred embodiment, the controlled means of bending of the blades comprise an unlocking piston mounted axially sliding in the central support between a rest position in which the unlocking piston is removed from the obstacles, and an unlocking position in which a hollow end taper of the unlocking piston cooperates with fingers integral with each of the obstacles to cause the bending of the blades and thus the removal of obstacles from the projecting position to the retracted position.

DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière de la description qui suit d'un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, en référence aux figures des dessins annexés, parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un actionneur hydraulique muni d'un dispositif de verrouillage selon l'invention, la tige étant illustrée en position de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe partielle du manchon portant les obstacles du dispositif de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 1 montrant l'activation du piston déverrouilleur ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 1, montrant la tige rentrée en-deçà de la position de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 1, montrant la tige sortie au-delà de la position de verrouillage.
The invention will be better understood in the light of the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention, with reference to the figures of the appended drawings, among which:
  • the figure 1 is a sectional view of a hydraulic actuator provided with a locking device according to the invention, the rod being illustrated in the locking position;
  • the figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the sleeve carrying the obstacles of the locking device;
  • the figure 3 is a view similar to that of the figure 1 showing the activation of the unlocking piston;
  • the figure 4 is a view similar to that of the figure 1 , showing the stem retracted below the locking position;
  • the figure 5 is a view similar to that of the figure 1 , showing the rod extended past the lock position.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

En référence à la figure 1, l'actionneur télescopique de l'invention comporte un cylindre 1 fermé à une extrémité par un fond étanche 2 et à une autre extrémité par un fond percé 3 pour laisser passer une tige 4 solidaire d'un piston 5 monté à coulissement étanche dans le cylindre 1 selon un axe X pour définir une chambre hydraulique de rétraction 6 et une chambre hydraulique d'extension 7. Le déplacement de la tige 4 relativement au cylindre 1 est obtenu en pressurisant l'une ou l'autre des chambres. Ici, la tige 4 et le piston 5 sont creux et définissent un logement axial 8 interne présentant, au niveau du piston 5, une gorge 9 à flancs sensiblement perpendiculaires à l'axe X. L'actionneur comporte en outre un support central 10 qui s'étend depuis le fond étanche 2 selon une direction axiale et sur lequel est vissé un manchon de verrouillage 11, plus spécialement visible à la figure 2, qui s'étend à l'intérieur du logement axial 8 de l'ensemble tige/piston.With reference to the figure 1 , the telescopic actuator of the invention comprises a cylinder 1 closed at one end by a sealed bottom 2 and at another end by a pierced bottom 3 to pass a rod 4 secured to a piston 5 mounted in a sliding manner in the cylinder 1 along an X axis to define a hydraulic retraction chamber 6 and a hydraulic extension chamber 7. The displacement of the rod 4 relative to the cylinder 1 is obtained by pressurizing one or the other of the chambers. Here, the rod 4 and the piston 5 are hollow and define an internal axial housing 8 having, at the piston 5, a groove 9 with flanks substantially perpendicular to the axis X. The actuator further comprises a central support 10 which extends from the sealed bottom 2 in an axial direction and on which is screwed a locking sleeve 11, especially visible to the figure 2 which extends inside the axial housing 8 of the rod / piston assembly.

Le manchon de verrouillage 11 a une forme générale tubulaire terminée d'un côté par un fond 12 et de l'autre côté par un embout fileté 13 destiné à être vissé sur le support central 10. Le manchon de verrouillage 11 comporte une paroi tubulaire dans laquelle des lames longitudinales 14 sont découpées pour présenter chacune une première extrémité solidaire du manchon de verrouillage 11 et une extrémité libre portant un obstacle 15 qui s'étend en saillie vers l'extérieur du manchon de verrouillage 11 lorsque les lames 14 sont à l'état de repos, comme illustré ici. Un doigt 16 s'étend longitudinalement depuis chaque obstacle 15 à l'intérieur du manchon de verrouillage 11. Les lames 14 peuvent fléchir vers l'intérieur du manchon de verrouillage 11 de façon que les obstacles 15 soient ramenés radialement vers une position escamotée dans laquelle ils ne saillent pas de la surface externe du manchon de verrouillage 11. Les lames 14 exercent alors un effort de rappel des obstacles 15 vers la position en saillie.The locking sleeve 11 has a generally tubular shape terminated on one side by a bottom 12 and on the other side by a threaded end 13 intended to be screwed onto the central support 10. The locking sleeve 11 comprises a tubular wall in which longitudinal blades 14 are cut to each have a first end secured to the locking sleeve 11 and a free end carrying an obstacle 15 which protrudes outwardly of the locking sleeve 11 when the blades 14 are at the state of rest, as illustrated here. A finger 16 extends longitudinally from each obstacle 15 inside the locking sleeve 11. The blades 14 can bend inwardly of the locking sleeve 11 so that the obstacles 15 are brought radially towards a retracted position in which they do not protrude from the outer surface of the locking sleeve 11. The blades 14 then exert a return force of obstacles 15 to the protruding position.

Revenant à la figure 1, on observe que les obstacles 15 du manchon de verrouillage 11 sont engagés dans la gorge 9 du piston 5, de sorte que la tige 4 est verrouillée en position dans le cylindre 1. Les flancs des obstacles 15 et les flancs de la gorge 9 sont conformés pour empêcher tout escamotage des obstacles par déplacement de la tige 4, de sorte que la position illustrée à la figure 1 est une position stable.Returning to figure 1 it is observed that the obstacles 15 of the locking sleeve 11 are engaged in the groove 9 of the piston 5, so that the rod 4 is locked in position in the cylinder 1. The sides of the obstacles 15 and the flanks of the groove 9 are shaped to prevent any retraction of the obstacles by displacement of the rod 4, so that the position illustrated in FIG. figure 1 is a stable position.

Pour déverrouiller la tige 4, un piston déverrouilleur 20 est monté à coulissement étanche dans le support central 10 pour y définir une chambre de déverrouillage 21 que l'on pressurise pour provoquer le déplacement du piston de déverrouillage 20 vers une position de déverrouillage dans laquelle une extrémité creuse conique 22 du piston coopère avec les doigts 16 pour forcer les lames 14 à fléchir et ainsi escamoter les obstacles 15, de sorte que la tige 4 est libérée et peut coulisser librement, comme cela est illustré à la figure 3. Lorsque la chambre de déverrouillage 21 n'est pas pressurisée, un ressort de rappel 23 déplace le piston déverrouilleur 20 vers une position de repos dans laquelle le piston déverrouilleur 20 est éloigné des doigts 16, comme illustré à la figure 1.To unlock the rod 4, an unlocking piston 20 is sealingly mounted in the central support 10 to define an unlocking chamber 21 which is pressurized to cause the displacement of the unlocking piston 20 to an unlocking position in which a conical hollow end 22 of the piston cooperates with the fingers 16 to force the blades 14 to flex and thus retract the obstacles 15, so that the rod 4 is released and can slide freely, as shown in FIG. figure 3 . When the unlocking chamber 21 is not pressurized, a return spring 23 moves the unlocking piston 20 to a rest position in which the unlocking piston 20 is moved away from the fingers 16, as illustrated in FIG. figure 1 .

On notera que la tige 4 est verrouillée automatiquement dès qu'elle atteint la position de verrouillage dans laquelle la gorge 9 vient en regard des obstacles 15. Dans le cas de figure illustré à la figure 4 dans lequel la tige 4 a été rentrée et se trouve en deçà de la position de verrouillage, les obstacles 15 restent escamotés en étant appuyés contre la surface interne du logement axial 8 de la tige 4. Quand la chambre d'extension 7 est pressurisée, la tige 4 sort jusqu'à ce que les lames 14 fléchies repoussent les obstacles 15 vers la position en saillie dans la gorge 9, dès que celle-ci passe en regard des obstacles 15. Dans le cas de figure illustré à la figure 5 dans laquelle la tige 4 a été sortie et se trouve au-delà de la position de verrouillage, les obstacles 15 sont revenus dans la position en saillie sous l'action des lames, puisque la tige 4 et le piston 5 ne sont plus en regard des obstacles 15. Lorsque la chambre de rétraction 6 est pressurisée, la tige 4 rentre, et le piston 5 comporte sur sa face arrière un cône d'effacement 25 forçant les obstacles 15 à s'escamoter par flexion des lames 14, jusqu'à passer sous la paroi interne de la tige 4. Les lames 14 fléchies repoussent les obstacles 15 vers la position en saillie dans la gorge 9 dès que celle-ci passe en regard des obstacles 15.It will be noted that the rod 4 is locked automatically as soon as it reaches the locking position in which the groove 9 comes opposite the obstacles 15. In the case illustrated in FIG. figure 4 in which the rod 4 has been retracted and is below the locking position, the obstacles 15 remain retracted while being pressed against the surface 8 when the expansion chamber 7 is pressurized, the rod 4 out until the blades 14 bent push the obstacles 15 to the projecting position in the groove 9, as soon as the It goes over obstacles 15. In the case illustrated in the figure 5 in which the rod 4 has been released and is beyond the locking position, the obstacles 15 have returned to the projecting position under the action of the blades, since the rod 4 and the piston 5 are no longer facing. 15. When the retraction chamber 6 is pressurized, the rod 4 enters, and the piston 5 has on its rear face an erase cone 25 forcing the obstacles 15 to retract by bending the blades 14, to pass under the inner wall of the rod 4. The blades 14 bent push the obstacles 15 to the projecting position in the groove 9 as soon as it passes next to the obstacles 15.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à ce qui vient d'être décrit, mais englobe au contraire toute variante entrant dans le cadre défini par les revendications.The invention is not limited to what has just been described, but on the contrary covers any variant within the scope defined by the claims.

En particulier, bien qu'ici l'invention ait été décrite en application à un actionneur hydraulique, l'invention pourra également être appliquée à un actionneur électromécanique ou de technologie hybride. L'actionnement du piston déverrouilleur pourra par exemple être assuré par un simple électroaimant.In particular, although here the invention has been described in application to a hydraulic actuator, the invention may also be applied to an electromechanical actuator or hybrid technology. The actuation of the unlocking piston may for example be provided by a single electromagnet.

Bien qu'ici la position de verrouillage est une position intermédiaire entre la position rétractée et la position étendue de l'actionneur, le dispositif de verrouillage de l'invention pourra être utilisé pour assurer un verrouillage dans l'une de ces deux positions extrêmes.Although here the locking position is an intermediate position between the retracted position and the extended position of the actuator, the locking device of the invention can be used to lock in one of these two extreme positions.

Claims (4)

Actionneur télescopique comportant un cylindre (1) ayant une extrémité fermée (2) et une extrémité ouverte (3) pour le passage d'une tige creuse (4) montée à coulissement axial dans le cylindre, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur comporte un support central (10) qui s'étend depuis l'extrémité fermée du cylindre à l'intérieur de la tige et qui porte des obstacles (15) mobiles radialement entre une position escamotée laissant libre un coulissement de la tige et une position en saillie dans laquelle les obstacles sont engagés dans une gorge (9) de la tige pour verrouiller axialement la tige relativement au cylindre, les flancs des obstacles et de la gorge étant conformés pour empêcher tout retrait des obstacles par déplacement de la tige, les obstacles étant disposés à l'extrémité de lames élastiques (14) s'étendant longitudinalement et agencées pour rappeler les obstacles de la position escamotée à la position en saillie, le support central portant des moyens commandés (20) de flexion des lames pour provoquer le retrait des obstacles vers la position escamotée.Telescopic actuator comprising a cylinder (1) having a closed end (2) and an open end (3) for the passage of a hollow rod (4) mounted to slide axially in the cylinder, characterized in that the actuator comprises a central support (10) which extends from the closed end of the cylinder inside the rod and which carries obstacles (15) movable radially between a retracted position leaving free sliding of the rod and a projecting position in which obstacles are engaged in a groove (9) of the rod to axially lock the rod relative to the cylinder, the sides of the obstacles and the groove being shaped to prevent removal of obstacles by displacement of the rod, the obstacles being arranged to the end of elastic strips (14) extending longitudinally and arranged to recall the obstacles from the retracted position to the projecting position, the central support bearing means ens ordered (20) bending of the blades to cause the removal of obstacles to the retracted position. Actionneur télescopique selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les moyens commandés de flexion des lames comprennent un piston déverrouilleur (20) monté axialement coulissant sur le support central (10) entre une position de repos dans laquelle le piston déverrouilleur est éloigné des obstacles, et une position de déverrouillage dans laquelle une extrémité creuse conique (22) du piston déverrouilleur coopère avec des doigts (16) solidaires de chacun des obstacles (15) pour provoquer la flexion des lames et donc le retrait des obstacles de la position en saillie à la position escamotée.A telescopic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the controlled means of bending the blades comprises an unlocking piston (20) axially slidably mounted on the central support (10) between a rest position in which the unlocking piston is moved away from the obstacles, and a unlocking position in which a conical hollow end (22) of the unlocking piston cooperates with fingers (16) integral with each of the obstacles (15) to cause the bending of the blades and thus the removal of the obstacles from the projecting position to the position retracted. Actionneur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la tige (4) est associée à un piston (5), la gorge(9) de réception des obstacles étant réalisée au niveau du piston.An actuator according to claim 1, wherein the rod (4) is associated with a piston (5), the the obstacle receiving groove (9) being made at the piston. Actionneur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la tige (4) est associée à un piston (5) qui comporte un cône d'effacement (25) forçant les obstacles (15) à s'escamoter par flexion des lames (14) lors d'une rétraction de la tige.An actuator according to claim 1, wherein the rod (4) is associated with a piston (5) which comprises an erasing cone (25) forcing the obstacles (15) to retract by bending the blades (14) during a retraction of the rod.
EP19175001.7A 2018-05-18 2019-05-16 Telescopic actuator with automatic locking Active EP3569873B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1854162A FR3081237B1 (en) 2018-05-18 2018-05-18 TELESCOPIC ACTUATOR WITH AUTOMATIC LOCKING

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EP3569873A1 true EP3569873A1 (en) 2019-11-20
EP3569873B1 EP3569873B1 (en) 2021-09-22

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US (1) US10801530B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3569873B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110500336B (en)
CA (1) CA3043098C (en)
ES (1) ES2898941T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3081237B1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US20190353187A1 (en) 2019-11-21
FR3081237A1 (en) 2019-11-22
CA3043098C (en) 2021-06-22
CN110500336A (en) 2019-11-26
FR3081237B1 (en) 2020-12-18
US10801530B2 (en) 2020-10-13
CA3043098A1 (en) 2019-11-18
ES2898941T3 (en) 2022-03-09
EP3569873B1 (en) 2021-09-22
CN110500336B (en) 2021-04-27

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