EP3563939B1 - Pneumatisches verfahren zur trennung mineralischer rohmaterialien - Google Patents

Pneumatisches verfahren zur trennung mineralischer rohmaterialien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3563939B1
EP3563939B1 EP16925969.4A EP16925969A EP3563939B1 EP 3563939 B1 EP3563939 B1 EP 3563939B1 EP 16925969 A EP16925969 A EP 16925969A EP 3563939 B1 EP3563939 B1 EP 3563939B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
separation chamber
conveyor
sections
particles
chamber
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EP16925969.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3563939A4 (de
EP3563939A1 (de
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Andrei Ivanovich STEPANENKO
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of separating mineral raw materials and can be used for producing mobile separating plants which are intended for processing and classifying raw materials according to their elements in any weather conditions, including at air temperatures of -50 to +50°C.
  • one of the main methods for separating ores, coal, nonmetallic materials are specific density separation methods (i.e., gravitational methods).
  • a reduction in quality of the raw materials that are extracted and increase in requirements of quality of concentrates which are supplied for further processing to power-engineering, metallurgic and chemical enterprises substantially increases requirements for the efficiency of raw-material separation methods to be used.
  • a raw-material separation technology must be universal, easily adjustable for processing of various kinds of mineral raw materials; at the same time, it must be suitable for separation of materials varying in density (e.g., coal, ore, technogenic wastes and nonmetallic raw materials). Processing procedure must provide a possibility to quickly and easily alter process modes depending on properties of raw materials to be processed, requirements as to quality of products of processing, etc., which will enable making module-type mobile separating plants having a low level of capital expenditures for their delivery and installation.
  • density e.g., coal, ore, technogenic wastes and nonmetallic raw materials
  • the raw-material separation technology must be highly efficient, providing for high quality of the products obtained, as well so that after its application the byproducts that remain are unsuitable for further processing or industrial application.
  • the raw-material separation technology must be all-weather and year-round, so that the process is not season-related with temporary involvement of labor resources, but is uninterrupted with year-round employment of local population. Due to the foregoing reasons, the process cycle for raw-material separation must include ambient air temperature range -50 to +50 °C and must allow location of equipment in the open air or with the use of small shelters.
  • This method allows to carry out a year-round raw-material separation in the open air or with the use of small shelters.
  • the principle disadvantage of the specified raw-material separating method is low efficiency of product separation process, high degree of presence of light materials in heavy products, so far as the process is carried out in the layer of the product placed on the screen.
  • the specified method for raw-material separating does not allow to carry out highly efficient separation of raw materials by fractions due to high effect of raw-material humidity during the process.
  • the method which is close to the technical solution of the present invention is the method of pneumatic separating of mineral raw materials (see Eurasian patent No. EA-B1-2219179 , Class B07B 4/08, BO3B 4/04, 2016), comprising placing raw materials, which are to be separated on an air-permeable surface which traverses a vertical (separation) chamber with a rising air flow that lifts light fractions from the air-permeable surface, the latter being in the form of a conveyor passing beneath the lower base of the vertical separation chamber, in which, by selection of the velocity of the air flow, a dilute fluidized bed layer is formed from particles of a specified density, into which less dense particles enter and through which said particles pass without obstruction before being transferred with the rising air flow out of the vertical separation chamber into a gravitational deposition chamber.
  • DE-A1-2219179 discloses a pneumatic method of separating raw materials according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the method allows to carry out separating of raw materials in the open air or using light shelter on a year-round basis; as well, to perform quick re-adjustment of manufacturing process to process various types of mineral raw materials by the way of alternating air-flow speed.
  • the main disadvantage of the specified method is its insufficiently high performance of selection of particles of pre-set dimension, which is stipulated by the following reasons.
  • an increase in the conveyor speed automatically results in shifting and increase density of a dilute fluidized bed layer near the rear (along the conveyor movement) wall of the vertical chamber, which disturbs the general flow of particle motion (due to increasing the density of particles) in a pseudo-boiling layer, which prevents from passing particles of lower density through it, i.e. this results in removal of light particles with heavier particles and reduces separation process performance.
  • the basis of the invention is the aim to increase performance of the specified method along with preservation of separation process performance.
  • a method of pneumatic separation of mineral raw materials comprising placing raw materials which are to be separated on an air-permeable surface which traverses a separation chamber with a rising air flow that lifts light fractions from the air-permeable surface, the latter being in the form of a conveyor passing beneath the lower base of the separation chamber, in which, by selection of the rate of the air flow, the dilute fluidized bed layer is formed from particles of a specified density, into which less dense particles enter and through which said particles pass without obstruction before being transferred with the rising air flow out of the separation chamber into a gravitational deposition chamber, the specified aim has been achieved by the way that the separation chamber being inclined towards the conveyor plane, whereas its lower base is parallel towards the conveyor plane and the acute angle formed by longitudinal walls of the separation chamber and its base is directed towards the conveyor motion.
  • the specified location of the separation chamber and its base in relation to the conveyor surface, when increasing the conveyor speed allows to considerably reduce density of the fluidized bed layer near the rear (along the conveyor movement) wall of the separation chamber, due to more even distribution throughout the cross-sectional area of the separation chamber.
  • the separation chamber is divided by internal longitudinal parallel partitions into two or more sequentially and/or parallelly positioned sections, whereas, lower ends of the sections are positioned in parallel to the conveyor plane, and upper ends of the sections are joined together inside the separation chamber by a single air flow which transfers particles to the gravitational deposition chamber.
  • the separation chamber selects the particles with the density that is lower than the pre-set density, for example, 1.4 g/cm 3 . So far as the material being separated may contain a large number of particles with the density less than that of separation, dividing the separation chamber into the sections having equal or different cross sections in terms of area and, respectively, equal or differing speed of flows inside of them, will allow to perform staged separation of particles with the density less than that pre-determined density, thereby, reducing the load on the last chamber and increasing the efficiency of separation of particles with the density up to 1.4 g/cm 3 .
  • different sections of the separation chamber may have the same or different height of placement of ends of the sections above the conveyor, thereby, ensuring formation of the fluidized bed layer of equal or differing density in each section of the separation chamber, which will allow in first sections of the separation chamber to ensure pre-separation of particles with the density substantially lower than that pre-set, whereas, in last sections - to perform more accurate and efficient separation of particles by density.
  • Dividing the separation chamber into the sections located along the conveyor motion allows to remove nonuniformity of the air velocity field in the separation chamber in the cross section (along the conveyor), and dividing the chamber into the sections located across the conveyor motion, allowing to liquidate nonuniformity of the air velocity field in the separation chamber both in cross and longitudinal section (perpendicular to the conveyor), as well as to prevent cross and longitudinal crossflows of particles of the fluidized bed layer as well as to ensure its uniformity throughout the chamber section.
  • the separation chamber which is installed inclined towards the conveyor plane, whereas, the plane of its base is located in parallel to the conveyor plane, allows to substantially (double and more) increase performance of the disclosed method as compared to the prior art, at the same time preserving or even increasing selectivity of the pneumatic method for mineral raw-material separation, which has no analogues among known methods to be currently applied with installations of pneumatic separation and thus, it meets the criterion of "inventive step".
  • the lock gate hatch 10 is opened and deposited particles are removed.
  • Gravity of the particles out of which the fluidized bed layer is formed is pre-set by the air flow speed 2.
  • distribution of particles in the fluidized bed layer corresponds to Fig. 2a ; and when the speed of the conveyor 3 increases, distribution of particles is carried out as shown in Fig. 2b , i.e. the fluidized bed layer is shifted towards the rear (along the conveyor motion) wall of the vertical chamber. Whereas, performance of separation process in the vertical chamber is reduced.
  • the separation chamber can be separated by longitudinal partitions into two or more consecutively placed sections (see Fig. 4 ), the bases 20a-20c are parallel to the conveyor plane and are at equal distance from it.
  • the specified effect can be explained by the following example. It is supposed that in the active mode in section one of the separation chamber can achieve 90% efficiency, i.e. removal of light particles from the chamber constitutes 10%. Thus, it is possible to extract 90% of light particles in the first section, and in the second section - further 90% of those light particles which got into the second section, i.e. overall effectiveness of separation in the two sequential sections will amount to 99%, at separation performance in one section equal to 90%.
  • This solution allows to achieve substantial increase in the conveyor motion speed and, respectively, performance of the present method.
  • FIG. 5 An embodiment of the present method as shown in Fig. 5 is now considered, wherein a three-sectional chamber is used; which lower bases of the sections to be located at different height from the chamber's surface.
  • the specified method allows to ensure distribution of the fluidized bed layer in the sections of the separation chamber in such a manner, so that in the first sections (towards the conveyor movement) of the conveyor, which have fluidized bed layer of lower density, there takes place extraction of great bulk of particles with the density that is considerably lower than the pre-set threshold density, thereby a load to the last section is reduced, wherein the final removal of particles with the density close to that pre-set threshold, is performed.
  • Figure 6 shows another embodiment of implementation of the present method, wherein the inclined separation multi-sectional chamber is shown. It consists of the three sequentially installed sections 43' - 45', which are located along the conveyor 42 and the three sequentially installed sections 43" - 43"", which are placed across the conveyor, whereas, lower ends of all the sections are placed at equal height with respect to the conveyor 42. Such disposition of the sections inside the separation chamber allows to simultaneously ensure uniformity of fluidized bed layer, both in longitudinal and in cross section of the vertical chamber.
  • Figure 7 shows distribution of particles of mineral raw-material being separated, inside the sections 43" - 43"", which are located cross the conveyor 42.
  • a prototype installation was manufactured for separating wastes of ferrochrome production, aimed at further obtainment of ferrochrome.
  • a process of pneumatic separating was carried out in the inclined separation chamber consisting of the three sequential sections ( Fig. 4 ), and the angle of inclination to the conveyor plane was 55°.
  • wastes were preliminary ground to coarseness 0 ⁇ 6 mm and were supplied to the belt-type conveyor, with a conveyor belt made of grid with the mesh of 1 mm, width of 600 mm, motion speed of 0.5 ⁇ 1.5 m/s.
  • the inclined separation chamber was performed with rectangular cross section of 600x150 mm and height of 900 mm and was separated inside by partitions into the three sections of equal cross section.
  • the chamber was connected by air-ducts with the gravitational deposition chambers with diameter of 1200 mm and height of 2500 mm. Air flow in the separation chamber was selected in such a manner that a product is yielded in the chamber, said product not containing ferrochrome beads and having gravity less than 2.9-3.5 t/m 3 , and after passing through the chamber metallic ferrochrome with insignificant inclusions of slag, being a sellable concentrate, remained on the conveyor.
  • the specified embodiment of the separation chamber allowed to uniformly distribute the fluidized bed layer and to increase 2.2 times the performance of the device in comparison to a single rectangular vertical separation chamber with section of 600x150 mm and height of 900 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Pneumatisches Verfahren zur Trennung mineralischer Rohmaterialien, das Positionieren von zu trennenden Rohmaterialienauf einer luftdurchlässigen Oberflächeumfasst, die eine Trennkammer mit einem aufsteigenden Luftstromdurchquert, der leichte Fraktionen von der luftdurchlässigen Oberfläche anhebt, wobei letztere in der Form eines Förderbands (14) ist, das unter dem unteren Sockel der Trennkammer durchläuft, in der durch Auswahl der Geschwindigkeit des Luftstroms (13) eine verdünnte Wirbelbettschichtaus Partikeln einer bestimmten Dichte gebildet wird, in die weniger dichte Partikel eingebracht werden, und durch die die Partikel unbehindert durchgehen, bevor sie mit dem aufsteigenden Luftstrom (13) aus der Trennkammer in eine Gravitations-Abscheidungskammer befördert werden, wobei die Trennkammerzu der Ebene des Förderbands (14) hin geneigt installiert ist, und der von Längswänden der Trennkammerund ihrem Sockel (16) gebildete spitze Winkel in Richtung der Förderbandbewegung geführt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ebene des unteren Sockels (16) der Trennkammer parallel zu der Ebene des Förderbands (14) ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennkammer durch innere parallele Längspartitionen in zwei oder mehrere aufeinander folgende und/oder parallel positionierte Sektionen unterteilt ist, wobei untere Enden der Sektionenparallel zu der Förderbandebene positioniert sind, und obere Enden der Sektionen innerhalb der vertikalen Trennkammerdurch den einzigen Luftstrom, der Partikel in die Gravitations-Abscheidungskammer befördert, untereinander verbunden sind.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sektionen der Trennkammer Querschnitte aufweisen, die nach Fläche gleich sind.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sektionen der Trennkammer Querschnitte aufweisen, die nach Fläche unterschiedlich sind.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass untere Enden der Sektionen der Trennkammerin Bezug auf die Oberfläche des Förderbandsin der gleichen Höhe positioniert sind.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass untere Enden der Sektionen der vertikalen Kammer in Bezug auf die Oberfläche des Förderbands in unterschiedlicher Höhe positioniert sind.
EP16925969.4A 2016-12-27 2016-12-27 Pneumatisches verfahren zur trennung mineralischer rohmaterialien Active EP3563939B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2016/000937 WO2018124910A1 (ru) 2016-12-27 2016-12-27 Пневматический способ обогащения минерального сырья

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3563939A1 EP3563939A1 (de) 2019-11-06
EP3563939A4 EP3563939A4 (de) 2020-09-23
EP3563939B1 true EP3563939B1 (de) 2021-09-22

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EP16925969.4A Active EP3563939B1 (de) 2016-12-27 2016-12-27 Pneumatisches verfahren zur trennung mineralischer rohmaterialien

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EP (1) EP3563939B1 (de)
CN (1) CN110022994B (de)
EA (1) EA036686B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2018124910A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA201900871B (de)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU70679A1 (ru) * 1946-04-27 1947-11-30 А.Д. Ситников Устройство дл воздушной классификации твердого материала по крупности зерен
FR2087091A5 (de) * 1970-05-05 1971-12-31 Sosson Guy
CH556695A (fr) * 1972-04-12 1974-12-13 Rips Sa Installation pour separer les particules en vrac de densites differentes.
SU692638A1 (ru) * 1977-08-15 1979-10-25 Челябинский Институт Механизации И Электрификации Сельского Хозяйства "Чимесх" Министерства Сельского Хозяйства Ссср Пневматический классификатор дл разделени сыпучих материалов
DE2928486A1 (de) 1979-07-14 1981-01-29 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von diazoniumtetrafluoroboraten in verduennter waessriger loesung
SU1217495A1 (ru) * 1984-08-20 1986-03-15 Всесоюзный Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Механической Обработки Полезных Ископаемых "Механобр" Пневматический классификатор
SU1731297A1 (ru) * 1990-04-09 1992-05-07 Уральский политехнический институт им.С.М.Кирова Пневматический классификатор
NO20011231L (no) * 2001-03-09 2002-09-10 Norsk Hydro As Fremgangsmåte og anordning for separering av fraksjoner i en materialström
CN1557572A (zh) * 2004-02-13 2004-12-29 凯 陈 分离颗粒状物质的装置
RU2354462C1 (ru) * 2007-12-26 2009-05-10 Алексей Никифорович Зюлин Пневмосепарирующий канал зерна
WO2013095179A1 (ru) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Stepanenko Andrei Ivanovich Способ пневматического обогащения минерального сырья
CN204564566U (zh) * 2015-04-23 2015-08-19 红塔烟草（集团）有限责任公司楚雄卷烟厂 一种扩散沉降式落料风分器

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Publication number Publication date
ZA201900871B (en) 2019-12-18
EP3563939A4 (de) 2020-09-23
CN110022994B (zh) 2022-07-22
EP3563939A1 (de) 2019-11-06
WO2018124910A1 (ru) 2018-07-05
CN110022994A (zh) 2019-07-16
EA036686B1 (ru) 2020-12-08
EA201800423A1 (ru) 2019-11-29

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