EP3544777A1 - Verfahren zum modifizieren von lignocellulosehaltigen produkten und herstellung von holzwerkstoffen hieraus sowie so erhältliche lignocellulosehaltige produkte - Google Patents
Verfahren zum modifizieren von lignocellulosehaltigen produkten und herstellung von holzwerkstoffen hieraus sowie so erhältliche lignocellulosehaltige produkteInfo
- Publication number
- EP3544777A1 EP3544777A1 EP17803949.1A EP17803949A EP3544777A1 EP 3544777 A1 EP3544777 A1 EP 3544777A1 EP 17803949 A EP17803949 A EP 17803949A EP 3544777 A1 EP3544777 A1 EP 3544777A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- molecular weight
- lignocellulose
- veneer
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001600095 Coniophora puteana Species 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001492300 Gloeophyllum trabeum Species 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000222355 Trametes versicolor Species 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002579 anti-swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZEYUSQVGRCPBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound OCN1C(O)C(O)N(CO)C1=O ZEYUSQVGRCPBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEGJBRZAJRPPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-n,6-n-bis(2-fluorophenyl)-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,6-diamine Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=NC2=NON=C2N=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1F OEGJBRZAJRPPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
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- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
- B27K3/0221—Pore opening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
- B27K3/0292—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving fixation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/007—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure
- B27K5/0075—Vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for modifying lignocellulose-containing products, including wood and wood-based materials, as a wood modifier for impregnating the lignocellulose-containing products, a low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin is used, which is present dissolved in a solvent and having a number average molecular weight of 600 g / mol or less.
- the present invention is directed to a process for producing lignocellulosic products, including wood or wood-based materials, comprising the step of modifying at least a portion of the lignocellulosic products of the present invention, and then producing those products.
- ply materials are produced from veneers.
- the present invention relates to modified lignocellulose-containing products obtainable according to one of the methods of the invention.
- the present application is directed to the use of low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resins as wood modifiers in lignocellulosic products including wood and wood-based materials to improve color stability.
- Wood modification means all measures which lead to a (biocide-free) improvement of the wood properties.
- the improved properties include, among other things, dimensional stability in the event of moisture changes or durability against wood-destroying fungi, but also fading and degradation due to weathering and resistance in general.
- modification processes or wood treatment processes such as heat treatment process, acetylation, furfurylation, resin impregnation, hydrophobing with vegetable oils and silicification or silification.
- the wood modification is generally differentiated into different basic types of processes: thermal wood modification involves heating the wood or wood-based materials for several hours, usually in an inherent atmosphere to temperatures between 160 ° C and 280 ° C.
- thermal wood modification involves heating the wood or wood-based materials for several hours, usually in an inherent atmosphere to temperatures between 160 ° C and 280 ° C.
- An alternative is the hydrophobing with oils, waxes and paraffins, while the cell cavities are filled with the substances mentioned by impregnation.
- the treatment should be carried out in a heated impregnation vessel.
- Chemical modification of, for example, wood cell walls can be accomplished by various reactive chemicals.
- Known processes here are the Belmadur® process in which dimethylol-dihydroxyethyleneurea is used or the Accoya® process is used in the acetic anhydride.
- such chemical modifications usually require catalysts which are impregnated into the wood together with the modifying compounds and subsequently reacted at elevated temperature.
- chemicals for polymerization in the cell wall or in the cell cavities are introduced and polymerized, by way of example phenol and melamine-formaldehyde resins mentioned here.
- phenol-formaldehyde resins water-soluble phenol-formaldehyde resins
- PF resins water-soluble phenol-formaldehyde resins
- Such phenol-formaldehyde resins are used essentially as adhesives in the art Wood-based panel industry, for example, as adhesives in the production of OSB boards, chipboard or fiberboard.
- the color stability is an essential aspect, since this wood and these wood-based materials are used in the visible range.
- no change in color and as little graying as possible should occur while maintaining the improved weathering resistance, dimensional stability and fungal resistance.
- hardwoods such as beech, birch, etc.
- moldings made therefrom including veneer lumber and plywood.
- ecocidal biocides should be avoided as such wood and wood-based materials are used in areas where humans and animals are present. Description of the invention
- this object is achieved by the method according to claim 1 for modifying lignocellulose-containing products including wood and wood-based materials and the production method according to claim 6 and the modified lignocellulose-containing products obtainable thereby including wood and wood materials.
- the present invention is directed to a method for modifying lignocellulosic products, including wood and wood-based materials, which include wood and wood-based products, the step of impregnating with a wood modifier, and preferably directly followed by a step Drying to a maximum of 60 ° C such that the wood modifier is present in the cell walls of the lignocellulosic products, optionally followed by a hardening step of the impregnated wood or impregnated wood material at a temperature in the range of 120 ° C to 175 ° C, characterized in that the wood modifier is a low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin dissolved in a solvent and this resin has a number average molecular weight of 600 g / mol or smaller.
- wood is understood here to mean the continuous tissue of conifers and deciduous woods composed of different cells
- the material harvested as round wood is further processed, for example, into sawn timber (planks or boards), which can then be used according to the invention.
- wood-based material is understood here to mean a composite material of wood particles, such as shavings, fibers or strands, as well as veneers.
- wood-based materials are those including layered, barrier and glued wood, chipboard and wood fiber boards, but also veneer layer materials, like laminated veneer lumber also known as LVL - laminated veneer lumber.
- the modification process of the invention is based on impregnation with the low molecular weight phenolic resin, selecting suitable pH conditions, followed by curing of the lignocellulose-containing products, such as the wood and wood-based materials.
- the lignocellulose-containing products may have a wood moisture content of less than 30% before impregnation, but they may also be more moist and have a wood moisture content which is greater, for example 80%.
- the impregnation usually comprises the steps of vacuum impregnation with a preferably directly subsequent drying, wherein in the drying step the penetrated into the cell wall during the impregnation PF resins are stabilized and further PF resin can diffuse from the lumen into the cell wall.
- the low molecular weight PF resin that is, a resin having a number-average molecular weight of 600 g / mol or smaller, it can penetrate extremely well into the cell wall and stabilize there.
- the PF resin molecules remain in the cell wall and after a later curing step under heating, they polymerize there.
- the drying follows the impregnation. Particularly in the case of pressure impregnation, the drying takes place immediately afterwards. This drying ensures that the incorporated resin does not age, but can diffuse into the cell wall, so that the penetration and penetration of the resin and the resulting stabilization of the resin is improved. That is, in one embodiment, the drying is preferably done directly, such as immediately, for example, as within two hours, such as within one hour of impregnation.
- a low molecular weight PF resin is understood to mean a resin having a number average molecular weight of 600 g / mol or less.
- it is one having a number-average molecular weight of 500 g / mol or less, such as 450 g / mol or smaller, more preferably 400 g / mol or smaller.
- a preferred range is in the range of 200 g / mol to 450 g / mol.
- the impregnation is carried out in a vacuum-pressure method.
- the vacuum pressure impregnation comprises a pre-vacuum phase.
- the gas present in the lignocellulose-containing starting material such as wood
- the vacuum pressure impregnation comprises a high-pressure phase.
- the lignocellulose-containing starting material such as wood or starting materials of the wood materials and the wood modifier at high pressure, for example, at least 5 bar, such as 8 bar to 14 bar, applied.
- high pressure for example, at least 5 bar, such as 8 bar to 14 bar.
- the vacuum pressure impregnation comprises the pre-vacuum phase and the high-pressure phase. Immediately following the vacuum pressure impregnation, the drying process takes place. This will be a good dimensional stability is achieved and the introduced resin solution can be freed in the wood of your solvent in a short time.
- the cell wall cavities are filled with the impregnation solution.
- the PF resin is used in solution in this case; as the solvent, water but also various alcohols, such as ethanol and methanol, and mixtures thereof are suitable.
- the solid content contained in the solution is in one embodiment in a range up to a maximum of 60 wt .-%, such as maximum to
- suitable ranges are, for example, depending on the requirement, between 9% by weight and 27% by weight.
- the introduced solvent is then removed to deposit the resin molecules in the cell wall.
- drying takes place up to a maximum of 60 ° C., which can optionally be carried out stepwise without early immobilization of the resins, that is to say in particular without polycondensing, and to allow diffusion into the cell wall.
- a gradual heating to 20 ° C, 40 ° C, 60 ° C is possible.
- continuous heating may be from 20 ° C to 55 ° C, for example over 10 hours.
- the duration of drying can be readily determined by one skilled in the art to obtain the desired degree of drying.
- the achievement of the target moisture (4-6% by weight on dry wood pulp) is desired for the optimal further processing and bonding of such veneers.
- curing of the resin at temperatures in the range of 120 ° C to 175 ° C, such as a maximum of 140 ° C may be immediately followed by drying.
- curing takes place after appropriate gluing of the lignocellulose-containing products, for example in the hot press. Suitable phenol-formaldehyde resins are known to the person skilled in the art.
- a weight percentage gain (WPG) of 10% to 30% is achieved.
- WPG weight percentage gain
- the inventive method for modifying is in particular one, wherein the wood is solid wood, thermal wood or wood-based materials such as wood-based panels including chipboard, fiberboard, insulation board, plywood or glued wood but also veneer, chip, beach or fiber.
- the lignocellulose-containing product is veneer, in particular a peeled veneer, sliced veneer or beach.
- the lignocellulose-containing products are those of deciduous trees or conifers, such as deciduous trees selected in particular from beech, birch, maple, alder, hawthorn, ash, poplar, oak, willow, linden, elm, apple, stone fruit, pauwlonia, Meranti, Sama, Sengon, Hevea, or pine and spruce as conifers.
- the wood is beech, poplar or birch.
- this process according to the invention comprises the process according to the invention for modifying at least parts of the lignocellulose-containing products including wood and wood-based materials, followed by curing of the modifier and optional adhesive to obtain the lignocellulosic product including wood or wood-based material.
- an adhesive is no longer necessary, whereas in the case of wood materials formed from lignocellulose-containing comminution products, also referred to as wood-base components or simply components, in particular strands, fibers, chip but also veneer, usually an adhesive is used.
- the wood material produced in this way is a layered veneer, in particular a laminated veneer lumber, also referred to as ply material made of veneers.
- Veneers of the same type of wood can be used in this laminated veneer lumber or the laminated veneer lumber (also referred to as LVL, laminated veneer lumber) has veneers of different types of wood, which are produced in parallel or with transverse layers.
- other wood materials can be made from veneers (plywood) or cut veneers (PSL, Parallel Strand Lumber).
- the plywood is another embodiment in which the fiber direction of each ply is different to the underlying ply and an odd number of veneers are used, most often the angle between the fiber orientation of the plies is 90 °.
- the wood-based materials produced which have correspondingly modified lignocellulose-containing products, including wood or wood-based material, are then pressed together with the applied adhesive.
- the individual veneers can be arranged the same or unevenly oriented.
- the method also includes embodiments in which, at least in part, the veneers are modified, while also unmodified veneers are introduced into the laminated veneer lumber.
- this laminated veneer lumber is that of beech, poplar or birch.
- the process of making lignocellulosic products of the invention for producing veneer lumbers comprises the step of positioning the modified veneer in parallel or crosswise with an adhesive applied between the veneers followed by hot pressing to cure them.
- the applied adhesive may also be PF resin, such as high molecular weight PF resins (> 5000 g / mol), in another embodiment, but also other adhesive can be used as phenol-formaldehyde resin, especially formaldehyde-free adhesives.
- the laminated veneer lumber may be one that has beech veneers in the inner region, the core region, while outer layers consist of other types of wood.
- the inventive method is particularly suitable for wood species such as pine, weymouth pine, alder, birch, maple, beech, hornbeam, willow, poplar, chestnut or wood materials from these materials.
- the method according to the invention is thus suitable for all types of hardwood and especially softwood, as far as they are impregnable.
- the methods of the invention offer advantages of optimal resource efficiency, as small amounts of wood modifier are sufficient to achieve cell wall modification and thus color stability while maintaining other mechanical properties.
- the drying of the impregnated lignocellulosic product, including wood and wood-based material results in the impregnating agent, for example the low molecular weight PF resin, being present in the cell wall.
- the impregnating agent for example the low molecular weight PF resin
- the color stability achieved by the process according to the invention is advantageous, both with regard to an undesired discoloration of the wood and a low graying.
- the PF resin which is used according to the invention as a wood modifier, also referred to as PF precondensate, due to the average number average molecular weight of 600 g / mol or less, in particular 450 g / mol or smaller, suitable to penetrate particularly deep and in to deposit the cell wall.
- the methods of modification and manufacture are those of veneer, veneer-made materials, and materials that contain veneers as a component, which are essentially beech or all-beech.
- the woods and wood-based materials produced by the process according to the invention are those made of veneer, veneer-made materials and materials containing veneer as components in which the core layers / backing layers are made of beech and other layers predominantly of other types of wood exist as a book.
- the present invention is directed to the lignocellulosic product including wood or wood-based material which is modified by the process of the invention. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to the lignocellulose-containing product including wood or wood-based material produced according to the inventive method including modification of at least parts of the wood or wood-based material according to the inventive method.
- the lignocellulose-containing product obtainable according to the invention, including wood or wood-based material is in particular veneer plywood or chipboard, fiberboard, insulating board, plywood or other wood-based materials based on wood lamellae.
- the low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin is one having a number average molecular weight of 600 g / mol or less, such as 500 g / mol or less, for example 450 g / mol or less and / or the low molecular weight formaldehyde resin in the solution has a pH in the range of 7.5 to 10, such as 8 to 9, for example 8.0 to 8 8, such as 8.2 to 8.5, and / or the solids content in the solution of the low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin which can be used according to the invention is not more than 60% by weight, such as not more than 50% by weight, such as 40% by weight. %, for example, such as at most 30% by weight.
- BC Binking Coefficient
- ASE anti-swelling efficacy
- Durability to basidiomycete fungi was determined according to standard CEN / TS 15083-1 using the 15 mm x 25 mm x 50 mm specimens, R / T 45 °). Ten sets of treated beechwood were tested against four fungi: Brown Confahoracolina BAM 15 and Gloeophyllum trabeum BAM 109. As white rots Trametes versicolor FPRL 280 and Pleurotus ostreatus.
- Table 7 Results of the fungus test with the white rot Trametes versicolor.
- the veneers were impregnated in an autoclave on a pilot plant scale.
- the veneers were either placed in a tank filled with the impregnating solution, or driven on a lore in the unfilled autoclave.
- the impregnation solution consisted of 25% by weight of pure phenol formaldehyde and the catalyst NaOH (about 5-6% based on PF) and 75% by weight of tap water.
- a 10% water-ethanol mixture was used instead of tap water.
- the target moisture of the wood or veneers of less than 10% - i.d.R. 4-5 wt% based on dry wood pulp - achieved without immobilizing the resins early and preventing diffusion into the cell wall.
- the achievement of the target moisture is preferred for the optimal further processing and bonding of the veneers.
- the low-temperature drying has a positive influence on the extent of cell wall penetration.
- the entire drying process consists of 3 phases: heating, drying, cooling.
- the heating was carried out under non-drying conditions at a constant relative humidity of 85% to a final temperature of 55 ° C within 6 h at a heating rate of + 5.3 ° C / h.
- the air velocity during the entire drying process was 5 m / s.
- Heating was followed by the actual drying, which was carried out at a constant temperature of 55 ° C and a decreasing relative humidity.
- the relative humidity (r.F.) in the dryer was reduced by 1% / h to 25% r.F. lowered to reach a moisture balance (UGL) of the wood of 4.5%.
- UNL moisture balance
- This was followed by a cooling phase to 45 ° C and 22% r.F. for at least 5 hours, with the compensation moisture 4.3% (wt .-% based on the dry wood pulp) was achieved before the dryer was unloaded.
- Test specimens in the format 100 mm x 440 mm x plate thickness were produced from the plates. After storage under normal conditions (20 ° C / 65% RH), a colorimetric measurement of the surfaces was performed in the CIE Lab mode using a calibrated scanner in order to describe and quantify the visual impression as objectively as possible.
- the CIE standard color chart is based on trying to establish basic standards and processes for metric capture of light and illumination. The 3 measured values L, a and b serve this purpose.
- chrominance C (chroma) is used as the calculated quantities and represents the difference of a color to the same bright color:
- Table 10 Lab measurement, means and standard deviations.
- the resin types A and B showed an identical brightness (LO) at the low pressing pressure of 2 N / mm 2 (low compression), which was similar to the reference. Due to the weathering over 12 months, the brightness value (L12) for references and treated boards with a WPG of 30% decreased similarly. By comparison, the brightness value at higher loadings, eg a WPG of 60%, and higher pressures (eg 6 N / mm 2 ) deviated more strongly from the reference (expression Delta L). Maintaining or changing the color delta C over the weathering time provides additional information about weathering stability. Delta C was the largest in the references, they were not color stable. The resin type A had a value reduced by 70% for delta C.
- the resin type A with a pH of 8.0 had a significantly higher color stability than the reference and as the resin type B. This had even at higher pressures and higher WPG an even larger delta C, while here the resin type A an even lower delta C and a very high color stability.
- the same conclusions as with Delta L and Delta C also apply analogously to the consideration of Delta E, which represents the change of all values in the CIE Lab system and thus variants of resin type A always had the lower value.
- resin type A with 30% WPG had a 28% lower delta E at the lower pressure of 2 N / mm 2 and thus a high weathering stability.
- low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin can be used to modify woods and especially veneer to improve dimensional stability and weatherability as well as resistance to fungi.
- these resins allow to improve the color stability and the appearance is not affected by the modification compared to a reference.
- the literature assumed that PF resins lead to a red color, for example in beech wood.
- a color stability could be achieved, that is, the visual appearance of the wood was only slightly changed and, moreover, an improvement in dimensional stability, cracking and graying with increased resource efficiency could be achieved.
- this may be done after the first-time drying of the peeled veneers.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
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DE102016122762.5A DE102016122762A1 (de) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | Verfahren zum Modifizieren von lignocellulosehaltigen Produkten und Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffen hieraus sowie so erhältliche lignocellulosehaltige Produkte |
PCT/EP2017/080287 WO2018096074A1 (de) | 2016-11-25 | 2017-11-24 | Verfahren zum modifizieren von lignocellulosehaltigen produkten und herstellung von holzwerkstoffen hieraus sowie so erhältliche lignocellulosehaltige produkte |
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CN113664931B (zh) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-01-20 | (日本)越井木材工业株式会社 | 一种单板材、集成材及其制备方法 |
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DE102022117843A1 (de) | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-18 | strohlos produktentwicklung GmbH | Schichtstoffplatte, insbesondere für den Möbelbau in Wohnwagen und -mobilen |
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