EP3492185B1 - Procédé de distribution et de triage de produits à trier anticipés dans un réseau logistique - Google Patents

Procédé de distribution et de triage de produits à trier anticipés dans un réseau logistique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3492185B1
EP3492185B1 EP17204449.7A EP17204449A EP3492185B1 EP 3492185 B1 EP3492185 B1 EP 3492185B1 EP 17204449 A EP17204449 A EP 17204449A EP 3492185 B1 EP3492185 B1 EP 3492185B1
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Prior art keywords
sorted
sorting
items
distribution
data
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EP17204449.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3492185A1 (fr
Inventor
Torsten Raddatz
Jörg ROTTLAND
Michael Zettler
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for predictive distribution and sorting of items to be sorted in a logistic network.
  • a large number of mail items are to be accepted every day at post offices and / or other posting points and incorporated into a sorting and distribution process.
  • a large number of distribution and sorting centers for mail and / or piece goods - hereinafter generally referred to as sorting goods - are provided in the logistic network, in which the sorting goods are processed and for further distribution and sorting and is issued in the last step for delivery to a customer.
  • the problem to be solved is how the shipment processing can be ensured according to the agreed "service level" (e.g. time priority, guaranteed delivery date at the addressee) and / or how a sufficient shipment volume is available for (different) subsequent systems, e.g. parcel sorters, flyer sorters can be asked.
  • service level e.g. time priority, guaranteed delivery date at the addressee
  • DYM Dock and Yard Management
  • a container feed to the input station of a parcel sorter.
  • these methods are mostly limited to optimizing the performance of a single distribution and sorting center.
  • a yard dispatcher searches, manually and e.g. partly with IT support, for available unloading gates for unloading arriving transport containers and / or vans without taking sufficient account of the shipment characteristics, taking into account the estimated current internal requirements based on experience.
  • a center e.g. for tracing & tracking or runtime analyzes.
  • the system data in the hub are also collected via information systems such as SCADA and used for system control, analysis or for statistics and service purposes, but there is no active use of them for the operational planning of the distribution and sorting process or control with regard to a holistic value enhancement of the logistic network.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for operating such a logistic network, in which the distribution and sorting of the quantity of items to be sorted can be optimized in advance.
  • the present invention thus enables shipment processing to be carried out, for example, according to the agreed service level by means of a temporal priority control.
  • the available means of transport can be planned and the existing sorting resources with an optimized number of shipments guaranteed for all subsequent processes (sorting, delivery) and their capacity optimally used.
  • the distribution and sorting resources available in the logistic network are used efficiently by controlling the delivery of items based on the preliminary calculations based on the known distribution and sorting location for distributing sources of goods to be sorted (arriving trucks, vans, transport containers and the like). In this way, statements about capacity bottlenecks can be made at an early stage and appropriate resources - where possible - made available in good time.
  • the database for the predictive determination of sorting and distribution tasks calendar data, weather data and / or learned data of the utilization of the available and for forecasting the future required capacity of means of transport, delivery means, acceptance points and / or Issuing points are made available.
  • the higher-level control instance when determining the distribution and sorting tasks in advance, can on the one hand have recurring effects such as weekends, absence of parts of the population due to school holidays, seasonal effects such as the weather-related dimensions of parcels (winter clothes are usually more voluminous than summer clothes ), effects caused by holidays, effects caused by the end of the month (greater willingness to order shortly before or shortly after payment of the salary) and the like also take into account.
  • the above factors are assigned different decision weights in comparison to one another in the control entity.
  • the control entity can, with knowledge of the departure times and destination of cargo aircraft and the knowledge of the expected arrival of the means of transport, as well as knowledge of the items to be sorted loaded on the means of transport and their Already set destination addresses and their weight / volume in the local system control in such a way that, in particular, prioritized items to be sorted can in any case be sorted to the corresponding cargo aircraft in good time.
  • the inclusion of all external data - such as the arrival time of means of transport and the goods to be sorted including the destination address, departure / departure times of means of transport - contributes to a particularly predictive control of the sorting and distribution process.
  • the goals such as a particularly high throughput of items to be sorted, the guarantee of quality of service requirements, such as guaranteed delivery to the destination within a number of transport days that can be selected through payment, the reduction of greenhouse gases through an optimized control of sources of items to be sorted, and -sink, reach extremely well.
  • the present invention for the distribution and sorting of items to be sorted in a postal network, the one
  • the number of distribution and sorting centers (hubs) are assigned to the basis of the application of Production Planning and Control for internal processes (operational planning, monitoring and control) and the information from a shipment-based management system.
  • every consignment recorded in the logistics network has its important characteristics, such as recipient address, product type, size, service level, in the process chain to be run through in the network
  • Every consignment recorded in the logistics network has its important characteristics, such as recipient address, product type, size, service level, in the process chain to be run through in the network
  • a database such as a database (cloud solutions also possible).
  • the possible nesting e.g. which shipment is in which transport container and / or which transport container is in which transporter, etc.
  • this basic information data specific to items to be sorted
  • the service level of a shipment is often at risk in the event of a delay in the arrival of the transport container or transporter, because the connecting transporters (sorting goods sinks) in the hub will depart / depart as planned, i.e. without waiting.
  • the temporal priority of all incoming and / or already waiting sorting material sources can be determined. Since an incoming transporter (source of sorting goods for a hub) brings many shipments with different destinations to a hub, which are transported on by different connecting transporters (i.e.
  • the urgency of the delayed source of sorting goods is increased
  • the determined quantity of consignments to be processed as a matter of urgency reflected the "priority" of this transporter; Thus, its supply to an unloading gate is no longer controlled according to the FIFO principle, as is conventional, but according to time priority.
  • sorting systems following the acceptance points, for example a number of package sorters, a number of flyer sorters, are supplied with sufficient materials.
  • the logistics process chain in a parcel hub is often designed in the following way because of the automation of the subsequent sorting, so that different product types (parcels, flyers, NC) from a transport container or Transporters on the specific conveyor systems are emptied at the upstream receiving points.
  • Another important point for optimal use of the center is minimizing a temporary interruption in the delivery of items, which can be caused, for example, by a simultaneous change of sources for sorting goods (trucks, vans, containers and the like) at the receiving points (unloading docks or gates).
  • This impairment can be minimized by avoiding or reducing the simultaneous changes to the source of the sorted goods at several receiving points, whose material flows are later brought together.
  • Another important criterion for achieving the highest possible efficiency of the available sorting systems and their feed routes is a harmonization of the flow intensity through an optimized mixture the package sizes, for example on a conveyor belt.
  • a harmonization of the flow intensity through an optimized mixture the package sizes, for example on a conveyor belt.
  • the material flows from several unloading gates to be brought together via a conveyor belt.
  • a defined throughput on these merging routes can only be achieved if the mailing size distribution on this route is harmonized in the sense of "evenly mixed".
  • an effective measure consists in analyzing beforehand the sizes of the items to be sorted (transport container or transporter, truck) for the delivery of the consignments, so that the transport containers or transporters with many larger items can be distributed to different gate areas, i.e. different merging belts, if possible.
  • the defined performance of the conveyor and the subsequent sorting systems can be achieved with a higher probability.
  • pre-sorting can already be carried out when the mail items are fed to the sorter, with the target distribution of the mail items in the sorting material source being analyzed beforehand between the two sorting areas.
  • this prognosis also includes a prognosis for the development of the load on the means of transport between the centers.
  • this forecast can take into account seasonal and weekday-related fluctuations and superimpose this on the pure prognosis for the items to be sorted that are already in the postal (logistic) network. Singularities such as public holidays, a higher number of online orders due to bad weather in a region or externally stimulated events, such as a gain or loss of a major supplier, can also be taken into account.
  • the operator (s) of the postal network can identify whether optimizations are required in the logistic network in order to be able to process new volume distributions efficiently and within the framework of the defined service class. In the area of delivery, too, route optimization can be carried out on the basis of the forecast volumes for the individual days and the respective resource requirements for delivery can be determined.
  • the flows of goods to be sorted are viewed as time series which, as described above, are influenced by factors such as day of the week, weather, etc.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a logistic network 2 with a superordinate control entity 4.
  • the logistic network 2 has three distribution and sorting centers 6, 8, 10, which are connected to the superordinate control entity 4 via appropriate communication means (symbolized by arrows 12).
  • Each of these distribution and sorting centers 6, 8, 10 - hereinafter referred to as hubs for short - has a number of acceptance points 14 and output points 16 as well as a number of sorting, distribution and / or conveying means 18 for items 20 to be sorted consist of letters, advertising brochures, newspapers, magazines, parcels, packages and the like.
  • Post offices 22 and 24, for example, can also be integrated into another business such as a grocery store, kiosk, bakery, and post offices 26 (which is representative of many here only one shown) provided.
  • a truck 28 is provided for transporting the items to be sorted 20 between the hubs 6 to 10 and also the post offices 26.
  • items 20 to be sorted can also be transported or removed by train 30 and / or aircraft 32 (ship would of course also be possible) to a hub 6 to 10.
  • train 30 and / or aircraft 32 ship would of course also be possible
  • These means of transport are also in bidirectional communication with the higher-level control entity 4 (indicated by the arrows 12).
  • Each means of transport can be a source of items to be sorted if it brings items to be sorted 20 to a hub 6 to 10, or it can be a sink for items to be sorted if it transports items to be sorted 20 away from a hub 6 to 10.
  • a shipment is fed into the logistic network 2 for the first time, e.g. by posting to a post office 22, 24 or a post office 26 or by delivery to a hub 6 to 10, data specific to the items to be sorted, such as delivery location, weight, size of the packaging, type of packaging, required type of sorting system, data on service quality, etc., recorded and transferred to a database 34 associated with the higher-level control entity 4 (for example a cloud solution). Magazine publisher, which delivers its addressed magazines directly to a hub, can also transfer this data to the higher-level control instance 4 before it is delivered.
  • the higher-level control entity 4 thus has precise knowledge of all the shipments located in the logistic network and is thus able to make precise predictions about the sorting and distribution tasks that will be required in the future.
  • the distribution of the means of transport 28, 30, 32 to the acceptance points 14 and / or the distribution of the means of transport 28, 30, 32 to the output points 16 can be controlled as a function of other factors relevant to the distribution and sorting process .
  • All of these forecasts and control activities created in this way can also be superimposed by the higher-level control instance with calendar data, weather data and / or learned data on the utilization of the available and required future capacity of means of transport, delivery means, acceptance points and / or issue points.
  • the capacities actually used in the last working days before Christmas of the previous year can be used and increased with a pure forecast factor of, for example 10%, if the higher-level control instance 4 has been informed that an increase in online orders of 10% compared to the previous year has been forecast from data sources other than logistic network 2.
  • FIG Figure 2 shows schematically a first example of a pull process in Dock & Yard from the landside hub 8.
  • a workflow path shown in light gray shows the operational activities (e.g. a driver of a truck), which consist of various process steps.
  • a third workflow path, shown in medium gray shows the logical sequence in the Production Planning and Control System (the control system according to the invention) for controlling the delivery of items to a source of items to be sorted, here a truck 28.
  • the holistic consideration of the distribution and sorting goals of the logistic network 2 enables an optimal decision to be made for the delivery of items. so that exactly one acceptance point 14 can be assigned to the truck 28 in the previously determined hub 8.
  • an output point 16 (loading dock) is soon free (e.g. detected by checking / monitoring the filling level of the truck 28 at the dock)
  • a message is also sent to the local IT system and to the higher-level control entity 4.
  • the control instance 4 determines which empty truck 28 is now to come to this loading dock (output point). This decision / request is sent wirelessly by the higher-level control entity to the truck 28 in question and to the local IT system.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of an air-side pull process in the hub 10 and describes in detail the pull process for the delivery of mail items in transport containers.
  • This transport container was transmitted to the local IT system beforehand, since the higher-level control entity was able to analyze, based on the data stored in the database 34, which volume of items 20 will be delivered to the hub 10 by aircraft 32 and which type it will be delivered Sorting material 20 is.
  • the status report of the input station in hub 10 Based on the content of the status reports of the arriving and waiting transport containers, the status report of the input station in hub 10, the status of the transporter (dolly / forklift / shunting vehicle / tractor) on the area (yard) of hub 10 and the internal needs of the sorting processes in hub 10 an optimal decision for the delivery of mail items can be made by the higher-level control entity 4. From this, the information for the actual pull process is generated again, which instructs a driver to which acceptance point (dock) he should transport this container.
  • a message is sent to the local IT system for item delivery, for example via the transporter control system (FTGS).
  • FGS transporter control system
  • the scheduling module immediately begins to find the next suitable order for this emptied transporter so that the driver receives instructions as to where he should continue to drive (to the container transfer point at the I-point, to the intermediate storage location or to remove the emptied transport container). If a transport container is free at the unloading dock (for example, detected by a scan process at the dock), a message is sent to the control entity 4 for the removal of the emptied transport container.
  • the scheduling module determines which suitable transporter should come here in order to remove the emptied transport container. This decision is then transferred to the operator of an appropriately available transporter.
  • the higher-level control entity 4 can, for example, also lead to an intervention by the higher-level control entity 4 in the assignment of sources for items to be sorted to the acceptance points 14 of a parcel hub in the airport. If, for example, the overloading of the sorting service at a hub 10 is foreseeable, the higher-level control entity 4 could even intervene in the flight plan with an early knowledge of the forecast. For example, it could prioritize planes with items to be sorted in a hurry over other planes and thus, for example, allow them to land sooner.

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  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de distribution et de triage de produits à trier (20) anticipés dans un réseau logistique (2), comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    a) acquisition de données spécifiques aux produits à trier au moins lorsque les produits à trier (20) sont introduits dans le réseau logistique (2) pour la première fois et regroupement de ces données spécifiques aux produits à trier dans une base de données (34) associée à une instance de contrôle de niveau supérieur (4),
    b) fourniture d'un certain nombre de centres de distribution et de tri (6 à 10) qui ont un certain nombre de points d'admission (14) et de points de sortie (16) ainsi que des installations de tri (18) ;
    c) fourniture d'un certain nombre de moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) pour le transport des produits à trier (20) entre les centres de distribution et de tri (6 à 10) ;
    d) fourniture de l'instance de contrôle de niveau supérieur (4), qui contrôle une distribution des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) aux points d'admission (14) et/ou la distribution des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) aux points de sortie (16) selon les facteurs pertinents pour le processus de distribution et de tri ; et
    e) évaluation de la base de données (34) pour la détermination anticipée des tâches de tri et de distribution dans le réseau logistique (2), les facteurs pertinents pour le processus de distribution étant évalués par l'instance de contrôle de niveau supérieur (4) et étant en détail les données suivantes :
    e1) les données spécifiques aux produits à trier, telles que le lieu de livraison, le poids, la taille de l'emballage, le type d'emballage, le type d'installation de tri requis, les données sur la qualité de service d'un ou plusieurs éléments à trier des produits à trier (20) ;
    e2) les données sur l'utilisation actuelle et, le cas échéant, future des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) pour les produits à trier (20) entre les centres de distribution et de tri (6 à 10) ;
    e3) les données sur l'utilisation actuelle et, le cas échéant, future du nombre d'installations de tri (18) ;
    e4) les données sur l'utilisation actuelle et, le cas échéant, future du nombre de points d'admission (14) et/ou de points de sortie (16) ;
    e5) les données sur l'arrivée des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) à l'un des centres de distribution et de tri (6 à 10) et des produits à trier (20) livrés par les moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) ;
    e6) les données sur la capacité disponible ou future des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) pour recevoir les produits à trier triés ; et
    e7) les données sur la capacité disponible et/ou future de moyens de livraison pour livrer les produits à trier (20) aux destinataires.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des données de calendrier, des données météorologiques et/ou des données apprises de l'utilisation de la capacité existante et requise à l'avenir pour la prédiction de la capacité des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32), des moyens de livraison, des points d'admission (14) et/ou des points de sortie (16) sont mises à disposition de la base de données (34).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les facteurs ci-dessus se voient attribuer des pondérations de décision différentes les unes par rapport aux autres dans l'instance de contrôle de niveau supérieur (4).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    le facteur des données spécifiques aux produits à trier est pondéré plus fortement si une utilisation et/ou un chargement uniformes d'au moins une partie des installations de tri (18) et/ou une livraison en temps opportun à un destinataire est priorisée.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le facteur des données sur l'utilisation actuelle et, le cas échéant, future du nombre d'installation de tri (18) est pondéré plus fortement si une optimisation de la capacité de tri disponible est priorisée.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    le facteur des données sur l'utilisation actuelle et, le cas échéant, future du nombre de points d'admission (14) et/ou de points de sortie (16) est pondéré plus fortement si une uniformisation des entrées et/ou sorties d'au moins une partie des produits à trier (20) est priorisée.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    le facteur des données pour l'arrivée des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) et des produits à trier (20) livrés par les moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) est pondéré plus fortement si une planification orientée vers l'avenir du processus de tri est priorisée pour au moins une partie des produits à trier (20).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    le facteur des données sur la capacité existante ou future des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) pour l'admission des produits à trier triés (20) est pondéré plus fortement si le départ en temps voulu des moyens de transport (28, 30, 32) dirigé vers l'avenir est priorisé.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    de nombreux centres de distribution et de tri (6 à 10) sont prévus, qui alimentent les données spécifiques aux produits à trier et les données sur la qualité de service dans la base de données (34).
EP17204449.7A 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 Procédé de distribution et de triage de produits à trier anticipés dans un réseau logistique Active EP3492185B1 (fr)

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