EP3486389B1 - Method for producing an insulated wall - Google Patents

Method for producing an insulated wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3486389B1
EP3486389B1 EP18205664.8A EP18205664A EP3486389B1 EP 3486389 B1 EP3486389 B1 EP 3486389B1 EP 18205664 A EP18205664 A EP 18205664A EP 3486389 B1 EP3486389 B1 EP 3486389B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulation board
adhesive
adhesive compound
insulation
substrate
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EP18205664.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3486389A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Weissenberger
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Sto SE and Co KGaA
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Sto SE and Co KGaA
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Publication of EP3486389A1 publication Critical patent/EP3486389A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/7625—Details of the adhesive connection of the insulation to the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0885—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements specially adapted for being adhesively fixed to the wall; Fastening means therefor; Fixing by means of plastics materials hardening after application
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/22—Tools or apparatus for setting building elements with mortar, e.g. bricklaying machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an insulated wall with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • at least one insulating board for forming an insulating layer is attached to an on-site substrate by means of an adhesive mass.
  • the adhesive mass can be applied both to the back of the insulation board and to the substrate ("floating buttering process").
  • the adhesive compound is usually applied manually using a notched trowel, which leaves parallel grooves or furrows when the adhesive compound is peeled off.
  • the insulation board is then attached to the adhesive layer on the substrate with its adhesive layer applied to the back in such a way that the in the respective adhesive layers cross grooves or furrows. In the area of the intersection points, there is therefore twice the amount of adhesive, which enables unevenness of the subsurface to be compensated for when the insulation board is pressed on. In order to bring the insulation board into its final position, it is knocked on, using the trowel previously used to apply the adhesive.
  • an adhesive layer that is applied over the entire surface and as homogeneous as possible is required for reasons of building physics. This means that an adhesive layer is required that is free of voids, so-called blowholes. If the adhesive is applied manually with the aid of a conventional notched trowel, such an adhesive layer is difficult to produce. This is because the grooves or furrows formed when the adhesive is applied are only incompletely filled with adhesive when the thermal insulation panels are pressed against the substrate, so that cavities often remain.
  • building authority reasons may also require the formation of a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer. This is the case, for example, when a fire bar is formed within the insulation layer of a building facade.
  • care must be taken to ensure that the bonding is carried out by means of an adhesive layer that is as free as possible from air inclusions. Whether this is the case can be checked by looking at the sticker or the adhesive residue on the back of the insulation board when it is removed again after gluing. As a rule, there are clear furrows or grooves, which are evidence that the cavities created by the notched trowel have not completely closed.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for the full-surface gluing of an insulation board to an on-site substrate, which enables a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive layer should in particular be free from air inclusions or voids.
  • the method is intended to be used to produce an insulated wall, which can in particular be a wall with internal insulation.
  • the method is therefore particularly suitable for gluing insulation boards which, for reasons of building physics and / or building regulations, have to be glued over the entire surface. That is, that Method is particularly suitable for producing a wall with interior insulation. As an alternative or in addition, the method can be used to produce a fire bar in the insulation layer of an external facade.
  • an optimal adhesive image can be achieved.
  • an insulation board was glued to a substrate using the method according to the invention and then removed again. There were essentially no gaps on the back, in particular no grooves or furrows that had previously been made in the adhesive mass by means of a notched trowel.
  • the method according to the invention proves to be particularly advantageous when the adhesive mass is applied exclusively to the back of the insulation board or exclusively to the substrate. Because then the risk of cavities remaining is particularly great.
  • the furrows or grooves previously made in the adhesive mass by means of a notched trowel are not closed, which can be clearly seen on the adhesive image.
  • the insulation board is vibrated into the adhesive mass according to the method according to the invention after it has been attached to the substrate, the previously introduced furrows or grooves close so that almost no cavities remain.
  • cavities are not understood to mean small air pores, but rather air chambers or blowholes. This means that air pores that are present in the adhesive mass, which were introduced, for example, when mixing, are to be regarded as harmless.
  • the adhesive mass is only applied to the back of the insulation board (analogous to the buttering process mentioned above) or only to the substrate (analogous to the floating process mentioned above), the production of an insulated wall can be carried out quickly and inexpensively. Because in contrast to the floating buttering process, in which the adhesive mass is applied both to the back of the insulation board and to the substrate, the working time is shortened, since one work step is omitted. Furthermore, material can be saved, since less adhesive mass is required.
  • the adhesive is preferably applied exclusively to the substrate, analogously to the floating process. Because if the adhesive mass is applied exclusively to the back of the insulation panels, voids can remain in the area of the butt and / or horizontal joints of the glued insulation panels, since no adhesive mass gets into this area. This means that an uninterrupted adhesive layer is not guaranteed. This risk does not exist if the adhesive mass is applied over the entire surface of the on-site substrate, since the adhesive layer or the adhesive bed then also extends over the areas of the butt and bed joints of the glued insulation panels.
  • the method according to the invention accordingly leads to an increase in system security even if the adhesive is applied only on one side, preferably in a manner analogous to the floating method. It enables the formation of a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer. At the same time, time and material can be saved.
  • a vibration device with a plate is used, which is applied flat to the insulation board, so that a movement of the board generated by the vibration device is transmitted to the insulation board. Due to the flat attachment of the plate of the vibration device, the insulation board is subjected to comparatively little stress. This is particularly true in comparison to the aforementioned knocking on the insulation board. Because when knocking, comparatively large forces act on a comparatively small area, so that when knocking there is regularly the risk that the insulation board will break. This is especially true if the insulation board is made of a fragile material such as perlite or mineral foam.
  • the vibration plate When vibrating in on the other hand, the forces are evenly and gently distributed over the surface so that the risk of breakage is minimized.
  • the vibration plate can have an entropy-elastic pad, in particular a rubber pad.
  • a movement of the plate perpendicular to the plane of the insulating plate is preferably generated by means of the vibration device.
  • the impact energy should be at least 1.0 J, preferably 1.4 J, further preferably 1.8 J.
  • a pasty adhesive mass is preferably used which is sufficiently stable. This is the case, for example, when a notched trowel is used when applying the adhesive and the teeth remain.
  • the adhesive mass must not float away. This ensures that the insulation board is not only positioned exactly after it has been vibrated in, but also maintains this position. This is the case, for example, with adhesive masses that are highly viscous or pasty and preferably have spread dimensions in accordance with DIN EN 1015-2: 1998 + A1: 2006.
  • the adhesive mass is preferably applied in a layer thickness of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, further preferably at least 4 mm to the subsurface and / or the back of the insulation board.
  • a certain minimum thickness of the adhesive layer is required in order to compensate for unevenness in the substrate.
  • the moisture-storing or moisture-regulating properties of the adhesive layer can be improved, which in particular turns out to be Benefit in the production of interior insulation. If the adhesive is applied using a notched trowel, it should be noted that the final thickness of the adhesive layer or the adhesive bed is usually less due to the teeth. A final thickness of at least 4 mm is preferably achieved.
  • an adhesive mass which comprises a mineral binder, preferably cement, in particular white cement.
  • the mineral or inorganic components contribute to a high pH value, so that the adhesive mass or the adhesive layer produced from it are less prone to mold formation. This is particularly advantageous if the adhesive layer is to take on the task of a moisture store or buffer within an interior insulation system.
  • the adhesive composition contain no or less than 5% by weight of organic constituents.
  • an adhesive which comprises at least one filler, preferably a sheet silicate, in particular sepiolite, the proportion of sheet silicate preferably being at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 7% by weight, and / or the layered silicate has an average grain size between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, preferably between 0.2 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the moisture-storing or moisture-regulating properties of the adhesive layer produced from the adhesive mass can be improved.
  • layered silicates, such as sepiolite have a high absorbency or sorption capacity due to their porous structure.
  • the grain size of the layered silicate also has a significant influence in this context.
  • An average grain size of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, is considered to be particularly advantageous.
  • the mean grain size is preferably 0.25 mm to 1.3 mm.
  • the adhesive mass is preferably applied manually, preferably by means of a notched trowel, to the subsurface on site.
  • the manual order has the advantage that the order can be limited to specific areas, for example to create a fire bar within an insulation layer. Furthermore, manual application enables you to work in layers, for example if a larger area is to be insulated. With the help of the notched trowel, the layer thickness can be set when applying the adhesive, since the tooth height determines the layer thickness.
  • a notched trowel is preferably used, the teeth of which have at least one angled tooth flank, so that the teeth have a broadened base. This means that the teeth each have a larger tooth width at their proximal ends than at their distal ends. Conversely, when the adhesive mass is applied, the widened base of the teeth leads to grooves or furrows, the width of which increases in the direction of their distal end. This means that when an insulation board is attached to the subsurface, due to the reduced contact area, floating support is achieved, which makes it easier to align the insulation board.
  • a notched trowel is preferably used, the teeth of which each have an area A 1 which is smaller than an area A 2 of a space remaining between two teeth.
  • closing of the adhesive mass behind the teeth of the notched trowel is promoted, which promotes the formation of an uninterrupted adhesive layer.
  • the tooth width or the width of the interdental spaces is preferably matched to the viscosity of the adhesive mass.
  • an insulation board made of perlite, mineral foam, mineral wool, soft wood fibers, airgel or polymer foam is preferably used.
  • Perlite and mineral foam sheets are particularly sensitive to breakage, so that the advantages of the method according to the invention are particularly evident here Kick days.
  • insulation boards made of less dimensionally stable materials, such as mineral wool can be vibrated in particularly well.
  • an insulation board is preferably used, the water vapor diffusion resistance coefficient of which is ⁇ ⁇ 20, further preferably ⁇ ⁇ 10.
  • the insulation board is open to water vapor diffusion, so that water vapor from the room air is able to penetrate through the insulation board to an adhesive layer serving as a moisture storage or buffer. If the vapor pressure gradient is reversed, as the room air humidity decreases again over time, the water vapor diffuses in the opposite direction through the insulation board and is finally released back into the room air.
  • an interior insulation system that is optimized in terms of building physics can be created, provided the formation of a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer with moisture-storing properties is guaranteed. The gluing of the insulation board according to the method according to the invention is able to achieve this.
  • An adhesive layer formed from the adhesive compound for gluing the insulation board preferably has a water vapor diffusion resistance number ⁇ ⁇ 25, further preferably ⁇ ⁇ 20.
  • the board of the vibration device is preferably first placed centrally in relation to the total area of the insulation board, then in the center in relation to the side edges of the insulation board and finally at the corners of the insulation board. This ensures that the insulation board is completely vibrated in and that the insulation board does not lift off in the area of a corner or side edge of the insulation board.
  • the method according to the invention described above enables the formation of a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer which is almost free of air inclusions or voids.
  • the procedure is therefore in particular for Production of interior insulation is suitable, since the adhesive layer produced by the method meets the high physical requirements mentioned at the outset that are placed on an interior insulation system.
  • the at least one insulation board is glued to the room side of an outer wall.
  • the vibration device 4 has a plate 5 which, during the production of an insulated wall, is attached to an insulating plate 1 which has previously been attached to an on-site substrate 3 by means of a pasty adhesive mass 2.
  • the vibrating device 4 generates a movement perpendicular to the plane of the insulation board 1, which is transmitted from the plate 5 of the vibration device 4 to the insulation board 1.
  • the movement causes cavities in the adhesive mass 2 to close behind the insulation board 1, so that the adhesive layer is essentially free of voids. This effect can be demonstrated on the basis of the adhesive pattern that appears when the insulation board 1 is removed again shortly after gluing.
  • the adhesive image of an insulation board 1 made of perlite glued according to the method according to the invention can be seen.
  • the adhesive 2 was first applied to the substrate 3 with the aid of a notched trowel.
  • the insulation board 1 was then attached to the substrate 3 and pressed lightly so that a connection between the insulation board 1 and the substrate 3 was established by means of the adhesive compound 2.
  • the insulation board 1 was then removed again in order to check the adhesive image. This essentially no longer shows any grooves that represent an imprint of the teeth of the notched trowel, with the help of which the adhesive mass was applied to the substrate.
  • An insulating panel 1 vibrated in this way is pressed evenly onto the adhesive layer so that no edges or corners stand out. Furthermore, the movements when vibrating in lead to a convergence of the adhesive mass 2 behind the insulating board 1, so that a largely void-free adhesive layer is produced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gedämmten Wand mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1. Bei dem Verfahren wird mindestens eine Dämmplatte zur Ausbildung einer Dämmschicht mittels einer Klebermasse an einem bauseitigen Untergrund befestigt.The invention relates to a method for producing an insulated wall with the features of the preamble of claim 1. In the method, at least one insulating board for forming an insulating layer is attached to an on-site substrate by means of an adhesive mass.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Verklebung von Dämmplatten zur Ausbildung von Dämmschichten, die der Wärmedämmung und/oder Schalldämmung von Gebäuden dienen, ist aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Hierbei werden Klebermassen verwendet, die in der Regel manuell mittels einer Kelle oder Traufel aufgetragen werden. Der Auftrag kann ausschließlich auf der Rückseite der Dämmplatte ("Buttering-Verfahren") oder ausschließlich auf dem Untergrund ("Floating-Verfahren") erfolgen. Diese Verfahren sind schnell und damit besonders wirtschaftlich, da in kurzer Zeit eine große Fläche vorgelegt werden kann.The bonding of insulation boards to form insulation layers which are used for thermal insulation and / or sound insulation of buildings is known from the prior art. Adhesive masses are used here, which are usually applied manually using a trowel or trowel. The application can only be carried out on the back of the insulation board ("buttering process") or exclusively on the substrate ("floating process"). These processes are quick and therefore particularly economical, since a large area can be presented in a short time.

Darüber hinaus kann die Klebermasse sowohl auf der Rückseite der Dämmplatte als auch auf dem Untergrund aufgetragen werden ("Floating-Buttering-Verfahren"). Der Auftrag der Klebermasse erfolgt in der Regel manuell mittels einer Zahntraufel, die beim Abziehen der Klebermasse parallel verlaufende Rillen oder Furchen hinterlässt. Die Dämmplatte wird anschließend derart mit ihrer rückseitig aufgebrachten Kleberschicht an die Kleberschicht auf dem Untergrund angesetzt, dass sich die in den jeweiligen Kleberschichten ausgebildeten Rillen bzw. Furchen kreuzen. Im Bereich der Kreuzungspunkte liegt somit die doppelte Menge an Klebermasse vor, was beim Andrücken der Dämmplatte den Ausgleich von Unebenheiten des Untergrunds ermöglicht. Um die Dämmplatte in ihre endgültige Position zu bringen, wird diese angeklopft, wobei in der Regel die zuvor zum Auftragen der Klebermasse verwendete Traufel eingesetzt wird.In addition, the adhesive mass can be applied both to the back of the insulation board and to the substrate ("floating buttering process"). The adhesive compound is usually applied manually using a notched trowel, which leaves parallel grooves or furrows when the adhesive compound is peeled off. The insulation board is then attached to the adhesive layer on the substrate with its adhesive layer applied to the back in such a way that the in the respective adhesive layers cross grooves or furrows. In the area of the intersection points, there is therefore twice the amount of adhesive, which enables unevenness of the subsurface to be compensated for when the insulation board is pressed on. In order to bring the insulation board into its final position, it is knocked on, using the trowel previously used to apply the adhesive.

Bei der Innendämmung von Gebäudeaußenwänden, bei der - wie beispielhaft in der DE 10 2011 101 261A1 beschrieben - Wärmedämmplatten mittels eines Klebers an der Innenseite der Gebäudeaußenwand befestigt werden, wird aus bauphysikalischen Gründen eine vollflächig aufgetragene, möglichst homogene Kleberschicht gefordert. Das heißt, dass eine Kleberschicht gefordert wird, die frei von Hohlräumen, sogenannten Lunkern, sind. Erfolgt der Auftrag des Klebers manuell unter Zuhilfenahme einer herkömmlichen Zahntraufel, ist eine derartige Kleberschicht nur schwer herstellbar. Denn die beim Auftragen des Klebers ausgebildeten Rillen bzw. Furchen füllen sich beim Andrücken der Wärmedämmplatten an den Untergrund nur unvollständig mit Kleber, so dass häufig Hohlräume verbleiben.For the interior insulation of building exterior walls, for which - as exemplified in the DE 10 2011 101 261A1 described - thermal insulation panels are attached to the inside of the building's outer wall by means of an adhesive, an adhesive layer that is applied over the entire surface and as homogeneous as possible is required for reasons of building physics. This means that an adhesive layer is required that is free of voids, so-called blowholes. If the adhesive is applied manually with the aid of a conventional notched trowel, such an adhesive layer is difficult to produce. This is because the grooves or furrows formed when the adhesive is applied are only incompletely filled with adhesive when the thermal insulation panels are pressed against the substrate, so that cavities often remain.

Neben bauphysikalischen Gründen können auch baupolizeiliche Gründe die Ausbildung einer durchgehenden, homogenen Kleberschicht erfordern. Dies ist beispielsweise bei der Ausbildung eines Brandriegels innerhalb der Dämmschicht einer Gebäudefassade der Fall. Auch hier muss Sorge getragen werden, dass die Verklebung mittels einer Kleberschicht erfolgt, die möglichst frei von Lufteinschlüssen ist. Ob dies der Fall ist, kann am Klebebild bzw. an den Kleberesten auf der Rückseite der Dämmplatte überprüft werden, wenn diese nach dem Verkleben wieder abgenommen wird. In der Regel zeigen sich deutliche Furchen bzw. Rillen, die ein Beleg dafür sind, dass sich die mittels der Zahntraufel erzeugten Hohlräume nicht vollständig geschlossen haben.In addition to building physics reasons, building authority reasons may also require the formation of a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer. This is the case, for example, when a fire bar is formed within the insulation layer of a building facade. Here, too, care must be taken to ensure that the bonding is carried out by means of an adhesive layer that is as free as possible from air inclusions. Whether this is the case can be checked by looking at the sticker or the adhesive residue on the back of the insulation board when it is removed again after gluing. As a rule, there are clear furrows or grooves, which are evidence that the cavities created by the notched trowel have not completely closed.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur vollflächigen Verklebung einer Dämmplatte mit einem bauseitigen Untergrund anzugeben, das eine durchgehende, homogene Kleberschicht ermöglicht. Die Kleberschicht soll insbesondere frei von Lufteinschlüssen bzw. Lunkern sein. Das Verfahren soll der Herstellung einer gedämmten Wand dienen, wobei es sich insbesondere um eine Wand mit einer Innendämmung handeln kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for the full-surface gluing of an insulation board to an on-site substrate, which enables a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer. The adhesive layer should in particular be free from air inclusions or voids. The method is intended to be used to produce an insulated wall, which can in particular be a wall with internal insulation.

Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird das Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.To achieve the object, the method with the features of claim 1 is proposed. Advantageous further developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Bei dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gedämmten Wand, insbesondere einer Wand mit einer Innendämmung, wird mindestens eine Dämmplatte zur Ausbildung einer Dämmschicht mittels einer Klebermasse an einem bauseitigen Untergrund befestigt. Das Verfahren umfasst dabei die folgenden Schritte:

  • vollflächiges Auftragen der Klebermasse auf den bauseitigen Untergrund und/oder auf der Rückseite der Dämmplatte,
  • Ansetzen der Dämmplatte an den Untergrund, so dass eine Verbindung der Dämmplatte mit dem Untergrund über die Klebermasse hergestellt wird,
  • Einvibrieren der Dämmplatte in die Klebermasse mit Hilfe einer Vibrationsvorrichtung, wobei die Dämmplatte ausgerichtet und/oder nivelliert wird.
In the proposed method for producing an insulated wall, in particular a wall with internal insulation, at least one insulation board for forming an insulation layer is attached to an on-site substrate by means of an adhesive mass. The process comprises the following steps:
  • full-surface application of the adhesive mass on the on-site substrate and / or on the back of the insulation board,
  • Attachment of the insulation board to the substrate so that a connection between the insulation board and the substrate is established via the adhesive mass,
  • Vibration of the insulation board into the adhesive mass with the aid of a vibration device, the insulation board being aligned and / or leveled.

Durch das Einvibrieren der Dämmplatte in die Klebermasse werden etwaige Lufteinschlüsse in der Klebermasse ausgetrieben, so dass man eine durchgehende, homogene Kleberschicht erhält. Das Verfahren ist daher insbesondere zur Verklebung von Dämmplatten geeignet, die aus bauphysikalischen und/oder baupolizeilichen Gründen vollflächig verklebt werden müssen. Das heißt, dass das Verfahren insbesondere zur Herstellung einer Wand mit einer Innendämmung geeignet ist. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Brandriegels in der Dämmschicht einer Außenfassade eingesetzt werden.By vibrating the insulation board into the adhesive mass, any air inclusions in the adhesive mass are expelled, so that a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer is obtained. The method is therefore particularly suitable for gluing insulation boards which, for reasons of building physics and / or building regulations, have to be glued over the entire surface. That is, that Method is particularly suitable for producing a wall with interior insulation. As an alternative or in addition, the method can be used to produce a fire bar in the insulation layer of an external facade.

Mit Hilfe des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens kann ein optimales Klebebild erreicht werden. Zum Nachweis wurde eine Dämmplatte nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren an einem Untergrund verklebt und anschließend wieder abgenommen. Auf der Rückseite zeigten sich im Wesentlichen keine Lücken, insbesondere keine Rillen oder Furchen, die zuvor mittels einer Zahntraufel in die Klebermasse eingebracht worden sind.With the help of the proposed method, an optimal adhesive image can be achieved. As evidence, an insulation board was glued to a substrate using the method according to the invention and then removed again. There were essentially no gaps on the back, in particular no grooves or furrows that had previously been made in the adhesive mass by means of a notched trowel.

Als besonders vorteilhaft erweist sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, wenn der Auftrag der Klebermasse ausschließlich auf der Rückseite der Dämmplatte oder ausschließlich auf dem Untergrund erfolgt. Denn dann ist die Gefahr, dass Hohlräume bestehen bleiben, besonders groß. Die zuvor mittels einer Zahntraufel in die Klebermasse eingebrachten Furchen oder Rillen werden nicht geschlossen, was am Klebebild deutlich ablesbar ist. Wird jedoch die Dämmplatte gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nach dem Ansetzen an den Untergrund in die Klebermasse einvibriert, schließen sich die zuvor eingebrachten Furchen oder Rillen, so dass annähernd keine Hohlräume verbleiben.The method according to the invention proves to be particularly advantageous when the adhesive mass is applied exclusively to the back of the insulation board or exclusively to the substrate. Because then the risk of cavities remaining is particularly great. The furrows or grooves previously made in the adhesive mass by means of a notched trowel are not closed, which can be clearly seen on the adhesive image. However, if the insulation board is vibrated into the adhesive mass according to the method according to the invention after it has been attached to the substrate, the previously introduced furrows or grooves close so that almost no cavities remain.

Unter "Hohlräume" werden vorliegend keine kleinen Luftporen verstanden, sondern Luftkammern bzw. Lunker. Das heißt, dass in der Klebermasse vorhandene Luftporen, die beispielsweise beim Anmachen eingebracht worden sind, als unschädlich anzusehen sind.In the present case, “cavities” are not understood to mean small air pores, but rather air chambers or blowholes. This means that air pores that are present in the adhesive mass, which were introduced, for example, when mixing, are to be regarded as harmless.

Erfolgt der Auftrag der Klebermasse lediglich auf der Rückseite der Dämmplatte (analog dem eingangs erwähnten Buttering-Verfahren) oder lediglich auf dem Untergrund (analog dem eingangs erwähnten Floating-Verfahren), kann die Herstellung einer gedämmten Wand schnell und kostengünstig ausgeführt werden. Denn im Unterschied zum Floating-Buttering-Verfahren, bei dem die Klebermasse sowohl auf der Rückseite der Dämmplatte als auch auf dem Untergrund aufgebracht wird, verkürzt sich die Arbeitszeit, da ein Arbeitsschritt entfällt. Ferner kann Material eingespart werden, da weniger Klebermasse benötigt wird.If the adhesive mass is only applied to the back of the insulation board (analogous to the buttering process mentioned above) or only to the substrate (analogous to the floating process mentioned above), the production of an insulated wall can be carried out quickly and inexpensively. Because in contrast to the floating buttering process, in which the adhesive mass is applied both to the back of the insulation board and to the substrate, the working time is shortened, since one work step is omitted. Furthermore, material can be saved, since less adhesive mass is required.

Weiterhin bevorzugt wird die Klebemasse analog dem Floating-Verfahren ausschließlich auf dem Untergrund aufgebracht. Denn wird die Klebermasse ausschließlich auf der Rückseite der Dämmplatten aufgetragen, können im Bereich der Stoß- und/oder Lagerfugen der verklebten Dämmplatten Hohlräume verbleiben, da in diesen Bereich keine Klebermasse gelangt. Das heißt, dass eine unterbrechungsfreie Kleberschicht nicht gewährleistet ist. Diese Gefahr besteht nicht, wenn die Klebermasse vollflächig auf dem bauseitigen Untergrund aufgebracht wird, da sich dann in jedem Fall die Kleberschicht bzw. das Kleberbett auch über die Bereiche der Stoß- und Lagerfugen der verklebten Dämmplatten hinweg erstreckt.Furthermore, the adhesive is preferably applied exclusively to the substrate, analogously to the floating process. Because if the adhesive mass is applied exclusively to the back of the insulation panels, voids can remain in the area of the butt and / or horizontal joints of the glued insulation panels, since no adhesive mass gets into this area. This means that an uninterrupted adhesive layer is not guaranteed. This risk does not exist if the adhesive mass is applied over the entire surface of the on-site substrate, since the adhesive layer or the adhesive bed then also extends over the areas of the butt and bed joints of the glued insulation panels.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren führt demnach selbst dann zu einer Erhöhung der Systemsicherheit, wenn der Klebeauftrag nur einseitig, und zwar vorzugsweise analog dem Floating-Verfahren, erfolgt. Es ermöglicht die Ausbildung einer durchgehenden, homogenen Kleberschicht. Zugleich können Zeit und Material eingespart werden.The method according to the invention accordingly leads to an increase in system security even if the adhesive is applied only on one side, preferably in a manner analogous to the floating method. It enables the formation of a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer. At the same time, time and material can be saved.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird beim Einvibrieren der Dämmplatte in die Klebermasse eine Vibrationsvorrichtung mit einer Platte verwendet, die flächig an die Dämmplatte angesetzt wird, so dass eine mittels der Vibrationsvorrichtung erzeugte Bewegung der Platte auf die Dämmplatte übertragen wird. Durch das flächige Ansetzen der Platte der Vibrationsvorrichtung wird die Dämmplatte vergleichsweise gering belastet. Dies gilt insbesondere im Vergleich zum eingangs erwähnten Anklopfen der Dämmplatte. Denn beim Anklopfen wirken vergleichsweise große Kräfte auf eine vergleichsweise kleine Fläche, so dass beim Anklopfen regelmäßig die Gefahr besteht, dass die Dämmplatte bricht. Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn die Dämmplatte aus einem bruchempfindlichen Material, wie beispielsweise Perlite oder Mineralschaum, besteht. Beim Einvibrieren werden dagegen die Kräfte gleichmäßig und schonend über die Fläche verteilt, so dass die Bruchgefahr minimiert wird. Zur besonders schonenden Verarbeitung von Dämmplatten, die aus einem bruchempfindlichen Materialen bestehen, kann die Vibrationsplatte eine entropieelastische Auflage, insbesondere eine Gummiauflage, aufweisen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, when the insulation board is vibrated into the adhesive mass, a vibration device with a plate is used, which is applied flat to the insulation board, so that a movement of the board generated by the vibration device is transmitted to the insulation board. Due to the flat attachment of the plate of the vibration device, the insulation board is subjected to comparatively little stress. This is particularly true in comparison to the aforementioned knocking on the insulation board. Because when knocking, comparatively large forces act on a comparatively small area, so that when knocking there is regularly the risk that the insulation board will break. This is especially true if the insulation board is made of a fragile material such as perlite or mineral foam. When vibrating in on the other hand, the forces are evenly and gently distributed over the surface so that the risk of breakage is minimized. For the particularly gentle processing of insulation boards made of a fragile material, the vibration plate can have an entropy-elastic pad, in particular a rubber pad.

Bevorzugt wird mittels der Vibrationsvorrichtung eine Bewegung der Platte senkrecht zur Ebene der Dämmplatte erzeugt. Das heißt, dass die Dämmplatte in der Ebene der Dämmschicht nicht oder nur minimal bewegt wird. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, dass bereits verklebte Dämmplatten erneut bewegt werden und ihre Lage verändern. Bewegungen senkrecht zur Ebene der Dämmplatte bzw. Dämmschicht können beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Vibrationsvorrichtung erzeugt werden, die nach Art eines Schlaghammers arbeitet. Die Schlagenergie sollte dabei mindestens 1,0 J, vorzugsweise 1,4 J, weiterhin vorzugsweise 1,8 J betragen.A movement of the plate perpendicular to the plane of the insulating plate is preferably generated by means of the vibration device. This means that the insulation board is not or only minimally moved in the plane of the insulation layer. This prevents insulation panels that have already been bonded from being moved again and changing their position. Movements perpendicular to the plane of the insulation board or insulation layer can be generated, for example, with the aid of a vibration device that works like a hammer. The impact energy should be at least 1.0 J, preferably 1.4 J, further preferably 1.8 J.

Bei dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren wird vorzugsweise eine pastöse Klebermasse verwendet, die ausreichend standfest ist. Dies ist beispielsweise der Fall, wenn beim Auftragen der Klebermasse eine Zahntraufel verwendet wird und die Zahnung stehen bleibt. Die Klebermasse darf nicht wegschwimmen. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass die Dämmplatte nach dem Einvibrieren nicht nur exakt positioniert ist, sondern diese Position auch beibehält. Dies ist beispielsweise bei Klebermassen der Fall, die hochviskos bzw. pastös sind und vorzugsweise Ausbreitmaße entsprechend der DIN EN 1015-2:1998+A1:2006 aufweisen.In the proposed method, a pasty adhesive mass is preferably used which is sufficiently stable. This is the case, for example, when a notched trowel is used when applying the adhesive and the teeth remain. The adhesive mass must not float away. This ensures that the insulation board is not only positioned exactly after it has been vibrated in, but also maintains this position. This is the case, for example, with adhesive masses that are highly viscous or pasty and preferably have spread dimensions in accordance with DIN EN 1015-2: 1998 + A1: 2006.

Des Weiteren bevorzugt wird die Klebermasse in einer Schichtstärke von mindestens 2 mm, vorzugsweise mindestens 3 mm, weiterhin vorzugsweise mindestens 4 mm auf den bauseitigen Untergrund und/oder der Rückseite der Dämmplatte aufgebracht. Es bedarf einer gewissen Mindestschichtstärke der Kleberschicht, um hierüber Unebenheiten des Untergrunds auszugleichen. Ferner können mit zunehmender Schichtstärke die feuchtigkeitsspeichernden bzw. feuchtigkeitsregulierenden Eigenschaften der Kleberschicht verbessert werden, was sich insbesondere als Vorteil bei der Herstellung einer Innendämmung auswirkt. Erfolgt das Aufbringen der Klebermasse mittels einer Zahntraufel, ist zu beachten, dass aufgrund der Zahnung die Endstärke der Kleberschicht bzw. des Kleberbetts in der Regel geringer ist. Vorzugsweise wird eine Endstärke von mindestens 4 mm erreicht.Furthermore, the adhesive mass is preferably applied in a layer thickness of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, further preferably at least 4 mm to the subsurface and / or the back of the insulation board. A certain minimum thickness of the adhesive layer is required in order to compensate for unevenness in the substrate. Furthermore, as the layer thickness increases, the moisture-storing or moisture-regulating properties of the adhesive layer can be improved, which in particular turns out to be Benefit in the production of interior insulation. If the adhesive is applied using a notched trowel, it should be noted that the final thickness of the adhesive layer or the adhesive bed is usually less due to the teeth. A final thickness of at least 4 mm is preferably achieved.

Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass eine Klebermasse verwendet wird, die ein mineralisches Bindemittel, vorzugsweise Zement, insbesondere Weißzement, umfasst. Die mineralischen bzw. anorganischen Bestandteile tragen zu einem hohen pH-Wert bei, so dass die Klebermasse bzw. die hieraus hergestellte Kleberschicht weniger zur Schimmelbildung neigen. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn die Kleberschicht die Aufgabe eines Feuchtigkeitsspeichers oder -puffers innerhalb eines Innendämmsystems übernehmen soll. Um das Risiko eines Schimmelbefalls weiter zu verringern, wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Klebermasse keine oder weniger als 5 Gew.-% organische Bestandteile enthält.It is further proposed that an adhesive mass is used which comprises a mineral binder, preferably cement, in particular white cement. The mineral or inorganic components contribute to a high pH value, so that the adhesive mass or the adhesive layer produced from it are less prone to mold formation. This is particularly advantageous if the adhesive layer is to take on the task of a moisture store or buffer within an interior insulation system. In order to further reduce the risk of mold infestation, it is proposed that the adhesive composition contain no or less than 5% by weight of organic constituents.

Des Weiteren wird vorgeschlagen, dass eine Klebermasse verwendet wird, die mindestens einen Füllstoff, vorzugsweise ein Schichtsilikat, insbesondere Sepiolith, umfasst, wobei vorzugsweise der Anteil des Schichtsilikats mindestens 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise mindestens 7 Gew.-%, beträgt und/oder das Schichtsilikat eine mittlere Korngröße zwischen 0,1 mm und 2 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,2 mm und 1,5 mm aufweist. Auf diese Weise können die feuchtigkeitsspeichernden bzw. feuchtigkeitsregulierenden Eigenschaften der aus der Klebermasse hergestellten Kleberschicht verbessert werden. Denn Schichtsilikate, wie beispielsweise Sepiolith, weisen aufgrund ihrer porösen Struktur eine hohe Saug- bzw. Sorptionsfähigkeit auf. Einen wesentlichen Einfluss hat in diesem Zusammenhang auch die Korngröße des Schichtsilikats. Als besonders vorteilhaft, wird eine mittlere Korngröße von 0,1 mm bis 2 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,2 mm bis 1,5 mm angesehen. Weiterhin vorzugweise liegt die mittlere Korngröße bei 0,25 mm bis 1,3 mm.It is also proposed that an adhesive be used which comprises at least one filler, preferably a sheet silicate, in particular sepiolite, the proportion of sheet silicate preferably being at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 7% by weight, and / or the layered silicate has an average grain size between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, preferably between 0.2 mm and 1.5 mm. In this way, the moisture-storing or moisture-regulating properties of the adhesive layer produced from the adhesive mass can be improved. Because layered silicates, such as sepiolite, have a high absorbency or sorption capacity due to their porous structure. The grain size of the layered silicate also has a significant influence in this context. An average grain size of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, is considered to be particularly advantageous. Furthermore, the mean grain size is preferably 0.25 mm to 1.3 mm.

Bevorzugt wird die Klebermasse manuell, vorzugsweise mittels einer Zahntraufel, auf den bauseitigen Untergrund aufgebracht. Der manuelle Auftrag hat den Vorteil, dass der Auftrag auf konkrete Bereiche beschränkt werden kann, um beispielsweise einen Brandriegel innerhalb einer Dämmschicht auszubilden. Ferner ermöglicht der manuelle Auftrag ein lagenweises Arbeiten, wenn beispielsweise eine größere Fläche gedämmt werden soll. Mit Hilfe der Zahntraufel kann beim Auftragen der Klebermasse die Schichtstärke eingestellt werden, da die Zahnhöhe die Schichtstärke vorgibt.The adhesive mass is preferably applied manually, preferably by means of a notched trowel, to the subsurface on site. The manual order has the advantage that the order can be limited to specific areas, for example to create a fire bar within an insulation layer. Furthermore, manual application enables you to work in layers, for example if a larger area is to be insulated. With the help of the notched trowel, the layer thickness can be set when applying the adhesive, since the tooth height determines the layer thickness.

Vorzugsweise wird eine Zahntraufel verwendet, deren Zähne mindestens eine abgewinkelte Zahnflanke aufweisen, so dass die Zähne eine verbreiterte Basis aufweisen. Das heißt, dass die Zähne an ihren proximalen Enden jeweils eine größere Zahnbreite besitzen als an ihren distalen Enden. Umgekehrt führt die verbreiterte Basis der Zähne beim Auftragen der Klebermasse zu Rillen bzw. Furchen, deren Breite in Richtung ihres distalen Endes zunimmt. Das heißt, dass beim Ansetzen einer Dämmplatte an den Untergrund aufgrund des verringerten Kontaktbereichs eine schwimmende Lagerung erreicht wird, die das das Ausrichten der Dämmplatte erleichtert.A notched trowel is preferably used, the teeth of which have at least one angled tooth flank, so that the teeth have a broadened base. This means that the teeth each have a larger tooth width at their proximal ends than at their distal ends. Conversely, when the adhesive mass is applied, the widened base of the teeth leads to grooves or furrows, the width of which increases in the direction of their distal end. This means that when an insulation board is attached to the subsurface, due to the reduced contact area, floating support is achieved, which makes it easier to align the insulation board.

Weiterhin vorzugsweise wird eine Zahntraufel verwendet, deren Zähne jeweils eine Fläche A1 aufweisen, die kleiner als eine Fläche A2 eines zwischen zwei Zähnen verbleibenden Zwischenraums ist. Das heißt, dass vergleichsweise schmale Rillen bzw. Furchen ausgebildet werden, die einen effizienten Kleberauftrag ermöglichen, da mehr Klebermasse stehen bleibt als abgetragen wird. Zudem wird ein Schließen der Klebermasse hinter den Zähnen der Zahntraufel gefördert, was die Ausbildung einer unterbrechungsfreien Kleberschicht begünstigt. Die Zahnbreite bzw. die Breite der Zahnzwischenräume wird hierzu bevorzugt auf die Viskosität der Klebermasse abgestimmt.Furthermore, a notched trowel is preferably used, the teeth of which each have an area A 1 which is smaller than an area A 2 of a space remaining between two teeth. This means that comparatively narrow grooves or furrows are formed, which enable an efficient adhesive application, since more adhesive mass remains than is removed. In addition, closing of the adhesive mass behind the teeth of the notched trowel is promoted, which promotes the formation of an uninterrupted adhesive layer. For this purpose, the tooth width or the width of the interdental spaces is preferably matched to the viscosity of the adhesive mass.

Bevorzugt wird bei dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren eine Dämmplatte aus Perlite, Mineralschaum, Mineralwolle, Holzweichfasern, Aerogel oder Polymerschaum verwendet. Perlite- und Mineralschaumplatten sind besonders bruchempfindlich, so dass hier die Vorzüge des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besonders deutlich zu Tage treten. Im Übrigen hat sich - überraschenderweise - gezeigt, dass Dämmplatten aus weniger formsteifen Materialien, wie beispielsweise Mineralwolle, sich besonders gut einvibrieren lassen.In the proposed method, an insulation board made of perlite, mineral foam, mineral wool, soft wood fibers, airgel or polymer foam is preferably used. Perlite and mineral foam sheets are particularly sensitive to breakage, so that the advantages of the method according to the invention are particularly evident here Kick days. Incidentally, it has been shown - surprisingly - that insulation boards made of less dimensionally stable materials, such as mineral wool, can be vibrated in particularly well.

Des Weiteren bevorzugt wird eine Dämmplatte verwendet, deren Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstandszahl µ < 20, weiterhin vorzugsweise µ < 10 beträgt. Das heißt, dass die Dämmplatte wasserdampfdiffusionsoffen ist, so dass Wasserdampf aus der Raumluft durch die Dämmplatte hindurch bis zur einer als Feuchtigkeitsspeicher bzw. -puffer dienenden Kleberschicht vorzudringen vermag. Kehrt sich das Dampfdruckgefälle um, da die Raumluftfeuchte über die Zeit wieder abnimmt, diffundiert der Wasserdampf in umgekehrter Richtung durch die Dämmplatte hindurch und wird schließlich wieder an die Raumluft abgegeben. Auf diese Weise kann ein bauphysikalisch optimiertes Innendämmsystem geschaffen werden, sofern die Ausbildung einer durchgehenden, homogenen Kleberschicht mit feuchtigkeitsspeichernden Eigenschaften gewährleistet ist. Die Verklebung der Dämmplatte nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vermag dies zu leisten.Furthermore, an insulation board is preferably used, the water vapor diffusion resistance coefficient of which is μ <20, further preferably μ <10. This means that the insulation board is open to water vapor diffusion, so that water vapor from the room air is able to penetrate through the insulation board to an adhesive layer serving as a moisture storage or buffer. If the vapor pressure gradient is reversed, as the room air humidity decreases again over time, the water vapor diffuses in the opposite direction through the insulation board and is finally released back into the room air. In this way, an interior insulation system that is optimized in terms of building physics can be created, provided the formation of a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer with moisture-storing properties is guaranteed. The gluing of the insulation board according to the method according to the invention is able to achieve this.

Bevorzugt weist eine aus der Klebermasse zur Verklebung der Dämmplatte ausgebildete Kleberschicht eine Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstandszahl µ < 25, weiterhin vorzugsweise µ < 20 auf.An adhesive layer formed from the adhesive compound for gluing the insulation board preferably has a water vapor diffusion resistance number μ <25, further preferably μ <20.

Beim Einvibrieren der Dämmplatte in die Klebermasse wird vorzugsweise die Platte der Vibrationsvorrichtung erst mittig bezogen auf die Gesamtfläche der Dämmplatte, dann jeweils mittig in Bezug auf die Seitenkanten der Dämmplatte und abschließend jeweils an den Ecken der Dämmplatte angesetzt. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass die Dämmplatte vollständig einvibriert wird und es nicht zu einem Abheben der Dämmplatte im Bereich einer Ecke bzw. Seitenkante der Dämmplatte kommt.When the insulation board is vibrated into the adhesive mass, the board of the vibration device is preferably first placed centrally in relation to the total area of the insulation board, then in the center in relation to the side edges of the insulation board and finally at the corners of the insulation board. This ensures that the insulation board is completely vibrated in and that the insulation board does not lift off in the area of a corner or side edge of the insulation board.

Das vorstehend beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht die Ausbildung einer durchgehenden, homogenen Kleberschicht, die nahezu frei von Lufteinschlüssen bzw. Lunkern ist. Das Verfahren ist demnach insbesondere zur Herstellung einer Innendämmung geeignet, da die nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Kleberschicht die eingangs erwähnten hohen bauphysikalischen Anforderungen erfüllt, die an ein Innendämmsystem gestellt werden. Die mindestens eine Dämmplatte wird hierzu auf der Raumseite einer Außenwand verklebt.The method according to the invention described above enables the formation of a continuous, homogeneous adhesive layer which is almost free of air inclusions or voids. The procedure is therefore in particular for Production of interior insulation is suitable, since the adhesive layer produced by the method meets the high physical requirements mentioned at the outset that are placed on an interior insulation system. For this purpose, the at least one insulation board is glued to the room side of an outer wall.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Vibrationsvorrichtung beim Einvibrieren einer Dämmplatte,
  • Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Klebebilds einer verklebten Dämmplatte aus Perlite, die einvibriert statt angeklopft worden ist,
  • Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Klebebilds einer verklebten Dämmplatte aus Perlite, die lediglich angeklopft, aber nicht einvibriert worden ist,
  • Fig. 4 eine Gegenüberstellung der Klebebilder zweier Dämmplatten aus expandiertem Polystyrol (EPS), von denen die linke Dämmplatte einvibriert und die rechte Dämmplatte angeklopft worden ist, und
  • Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge der Verfahrensschritte beim Einvibrieren der Dämmplatte.
The method according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:
  • Fig. 1 a perspective view of a vibration device when vibrating an insulation board,
  • Fig. 2 a perspective view of the adhesive image of a glued insulation board made of perlite that has been vibrated in instead of tapped,
  • Fig. 3 a perspective view of the adhesive image of a glued insulation board made of perlite, which has only been tapped but not vibrated in,
  • Fig. 4 a comparison of the adhesive pictures of two insulation boards made of expanded polystyrene (EPS), of which the left insulation board has been vibrated and the right insulation board tapped, and
  • Fig. 5 a schematic representation of the time sequence of the process steps when vibrating the insulation board.

Ausführliche Beschreibung der ZeichnungenDetailed description of the drawings

Der Fig. 1 ist eine Vibrationsvorrichtung 4 zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zu entnehmen. Die Vibrationsvorrichtung 4 weist eine Platte 5 auf, die bei der Herstellung einer gedämmten Wand an eine Dämmplatte 1 angesetzt wird, die zuvor mittels einer pastösen Klebermasse 2 an einem bauseitigen Untergrund 3 angebracht worden ist. Die Vibrationsvorrichtung 4 erzeugt eine Bewegung senkrecht zur Ebene der Dämmplatte 1, die von der Platte 5 der Vibrationsvorrichtung 4 auf die Dämmplatte 1 übertragen wird. Die Bewegung bewirkt, dass sich Hohlräume in der Klebermasse 2 hinter der Dämmplatte 1 schließen, so dass die Kleberschicht im Wesentlichen lunkerfrei ist. Dieser Effekt kann anhand des Klebebildes nachgewiesen werden, das sich zeigt, wenn die Dämmplatte 1 kurz nach dem Verkleben wieder abgenommen wird.Of the Fig. 1 a vibration device 4 for carrying out the method according to the invention can be seen. The vibration device 4 has a plate 5 which, during the production of an insulated wall, is attached to an insulating plate 1 which has previously been attached to an on-site substrate 3 by means of a pasty adhesive mass 2. The vibrating device 4 generates a movement perpendicular to the plane of the insulation board 1, which is transmitted from the plate 5 of the vibration device 4 to the insulation board 1. The movement causes cavities in the adhesive mass 2 to close behind the insulation board 1, so that the adhesive layer is essentially free of voids. This effect can be demonstrated on the basis of the adhesive pattern that appears when the insulation board 1 is removed again shortly after gluing.

Zum Vergleich sind nachfolgend Beispiele derartiger Klebebilder gezeigt.For comparison, examples of such adhesive images are shown below.

Der Fig. 2 ist beispielsweise das Klebebild einer nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verklebten Dämmplatte 1 aus Perlite zu entnehmen. Zum Verkleben der Dämmplatte 1 wurde zunächst die Klebemasse 2 mit Hilfe einer Zahntraufel auf den Untergrund 3 aufgebracht. Anschließend wurde die Dämmplatte 1 an den Untergrund 3 angesetzt und leicht angedrückt, so dass eine Verbindung der Dämmplatte 1 mit dem Untergrund 3 mittels der Klebermasse 2 hergestellt wurde. Abschließend wurde die Dämmplatte 1 mit Hilfe der in der Fig. 1 dargestellten Vibrationsvorrichtung 4 einvibriert. Danach wurde die Dämmplatte 1 wieder abgenommen, um das Klebebild zu überprüfen. Dieses zeigt im Wesentlichen keine Rillen mehr, die ein Abdruck der Zahnung der Zahntraufel darstellen, mit deren Hilfe die Klebermasse auf den Untergrund aufgetragen wurde.Of the Fig. 2 For example, the adhesive image of an insulation board 1 made of perlite glued according to the method according to the invention can be seen. To bond the insulation board 1, the adhesive 2 was first applied to the substrate 3 with the aid of a notched trowel. The insulation board 1 was then attached to the substrate 3 and pressed lightly so that a connection between the insulation board 1 and the substrate 3 was established by means of the adhesive compound 2. Finally, the insulation board 1 with the help of the Fig. 1 vibration device 4 shown vibrated. The insulation board 1 was then removed again in order to check the adhesive image. This essentially no longer shows any grooves that represent an imprint of the teeth of the notched trowel, with the help of which the adhesive mass was applied to the substrate.

Der Fig. 3 ist demgegenüber das Klebebild einer Dämmplatte 1 aus Perlite zu entnehmen, die nach dem gleichen Verfahren wie zuvor verklebt wurde, jedoch nicht einvibriert, sondern lediglich angeklopft wurde. Hier sind die Rillen noch deutlich zu erkennen. Das heißt, dass im Bereich der Rillen Hohlräume verblieben sind.Of the Fig. 3 In contrast, the adhesive image of an insulation board 1 made of perlite can be seen, which was glued using the same method as before, but was not vibrated in, but only tapped. The grooves can still be clearly seen here. This means that cavities have remained in the area of the grooves.

Weitere Versuche wurden mit Dämmplatten 1 aus expandiertem Polystyrol (EPS) durchgeführt. Diese wurden wie zuvor verklebt und anschließend einvibriert oder angeklopft. In der Fig. 4 sind die jeweiligen Klebebilder gegenübergestellt. Die linke Seite zeigt das Klebebild der einvibrierten Dämmplatte 1 und die rechte Seite zeigt das Klebebild der lediglich angeklopften Dämmplatte 1. Die Unterschiede sind deutlich zu erkennen. Während das Klebebild auf der linken Seite kaum noch Rillen zeigt, besteht das Klebebild auf der rechten Seite fast ausschließlich aus Rillen.Further experiments were carried out with insulation boards 1 made of expanded polystyrene (EPS). These were glued as before and then vibrated or tapped. In the Fig. 4 the respective adhesive pictures are compared. The left side shows the adhesive image of the vibrated-in insulation board 1 and the right side shows the adhesive image of the insulation board 1 that has only been tapped. The differences are clearly visible. While the sticker on the left hardly shows any grooves, the sticker on the right consists almost entirely of grooves.

Idealerweise geht man beim Einvibrieren wie folgt vor (siehe Fig. 5):

  • Mittiges Ansetzen der Platte 5 der Vibrationsvorrichtung 4 an die Dämmplatte 1 angesetzt (Bereich 1.1),
  • Ansetzen der Platte 5 jeweils mittig in Bezug auf die beiden langen Seitenkanten (Bereiche 1.2),
  • Ansetzen der Platte 5 jeweils mittig in Bezug auf die kurzen Seitenkanten (Bereiche 1.3) und
  • Ansetzen der Platte 5 an den Ecken der Dämmplatte 1 (Bereiche 1.4).
Ideally, you should proceed as follows when vibrating in (see Fig. 5 ):
  • Central attachment of the plate 5 of the vibration device 4 to the insulation plate 1 (area 1.1),
  • Attach the plate 5 centrally in relation to the two long side edges (areas 1.2),
  • Attach the plate 5 centrally in relation to the short side edges (areas 1.3) and
  • Attach the plate 5 to the corners of the insulation plate 1 (areas 1.4).

Eine derart einvibrierte Dämmplatte 1 ist gleichmäßig an die Kleberschicht angedrückt, so dass sich keine Kanten oder Ecken abheben. Ferner führen die Bewegungen beim Einvibrieren zu einem Zusammenlaufen der Klebermasse 2 hinter der Dämmplatte 1, so dass eine weitgehend lunkerfreie Kleberschicht erzeugt wird.An insulating panel 1 vibrated in this way is pressed evenly onto the adhesive layer so that no edges or corners stand out. Furthermore, the movements when vibrating in lead to a convergence of the adhesive mass 2 behind the insulating board 1, so that a largely void-free adhesive layer is produced.

Claims (13)

  1. A method for producing an insulated wall, in particular a wall having internal insulation, in which at least one insulation board (1) is fastened to an on-site substrate (3) by means of an adhesive compound (2) to form an insulation layer, said method comprising the steps:
    - applying the adhesive compound (2) over the full area of the on-site substrate (3) and/or of the rear face of the insulation board (1),
    - placing the insulation board (1) against the substrate (3) so that a connection is produced between the insulation board (1) and the substrate (3) via the adhesive compound (2),
    - vibrating the insulation board (1) into the adhesive compound (2) with the aid of a vibration device (4), during which the insulation board (1) is oriented and/or levelled.
  2. The method according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that
    a vibration device (4) having a plate (5) is used, which is placed flat against the insulation board (1) so that a movement, generated by means of the vibration device (4), of the plate (5) is transferred to the insulation board (1).
  3. The method according to Claim 2,
    characterised in that
    a movement of the plate (5) is generated perpendicular to the plane of the insulation board (1) by means of the vibration device (4).
  4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the adhesive compound (2) is applied in a layer thickness of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, further preferably at least 4 mm, to the on-site substrate (2) and/or to the rear face of the insulation board (1).
  5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    an adhesive compound (2) is used which comprises a mineral binder, preferably cement, in particular white cement.
  6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    an adhesive compound (2) is used which contains no or less than 5 wt% organic constituents.
  7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    an adhesive compound (2) is used which comprises at least one filler, preferably a phyllosilicate, in particular sepiolite, wherein preferably the proportion of the phyllosilicate is at least 5 wt%, preferably at least 7 wt%, and/or the phyllosilicate has an average grain size between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, preferably between 0.2 mm and 1.5 mm.
  8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the adhesive compound (2) is applied manually, preferably by means of a serrated trowel, to the on-site substrate (3).
  9. The method according to Claim 8,
    characterised in that
    a serrated trowel is used, the teeth of which have at least one angled tooth flank, so that the teeth have a widened base.
  10. The method according to Claim 8 or 9,
    characterised in that
    a serrated trowel is used, the teeth of which each have an area A1 which is smaller than an area A2 of an interstice between two teeth.
  11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    an insulation board (1) consisting of perlite, mineral foam, mineral wool, soft wood fibres, aerogel or polymer foam is used.
  12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    an insulation board (1) is used, the water vapour resistance factor µ of which is < 20, further preferably < 10.
  13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    when the insulation board (1) is vibrated into the adhesive compound, the plate (5) of the vibration device (4) is first placed centrally in relation to the total area of the insulation board (1), then centrally in relation to each of the side edges of the insulation board (1), and finally at each of the corners of the insulation board (1).
EP18205664.8A 2017-11-20 2018-11-12 Method for producing an insulated wall Active EP3486389B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017010713.0A DE102017010713A1 (en) 2017-11-20 2017-11-20 Method for producing a insulated wall

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3486389A1 EP3486389A1 (en) 2019-05-22
EP3486389B1 true EP3486389B1 (en) 2021-10-06

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EP18205664.8A Active EP3486389B1 (en) 2017-11-20 2018-11-12 Method for producing an insulated wall

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3486389B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102017010713A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT524924A1 (en) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-15 Guenter Url Procedure for fire protection insulation or fire protection arrangement
DE102022120866A1 (en) 2022-08-18 2024-02-29 Remmers Gmbh Method for producing a wall structure with internal insulation

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH365202A (en) * 1957-11-15 1962-10-31 Wacker Hermann Method and device for attaching flat objects, such as plates made of glass, ceramic, asbestos, plastic, to walls by means of an adhesive, mortar or putty
DE3014092A1 (en) * 1980-04-12 1981-10-15 Masayuki Tokyo Yamamoto hand-held tool for affixing tiles - has variable frequency vibrator moving hammer head that taps tiles
DE102011101261A1 (en) 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Sto Ag Method and system for internal insulation of external building walls

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EP3486389A1 (en) 2019-05-22

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