EP3475555B1 - Corps d'injecteur pour un injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Corps d'injecteur pour un injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3475555B1
EP3475555B1 EP17731874.8A EP17731874A EP3475555B1 EP 3475555 B1 EP3475555 B1 EP 3475555B1 EP 17731874 A EP17731874 A EP 17731874A EP 3475555 B1 EP3475555 B1 EP 3475555B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle body
nozzle
cooling
kidney
matrix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17731874.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3475555A1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Walkner
Arno Seiringer
Heinrich Werger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3475555A1 publication Critical patent/EP3475555A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3475555B1 publication Critical patent/EP3475555B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/043—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with cooling means other than air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B21K21/08—Shaping hollow articles with different cross-section in longitudinal direction, e.g. nozzles, spark-plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1866—Valve seats or member ends having multiple cones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
    • F02M2700/07—Nozzles and injectors with controllable fuel supply
    • F02M2700/077—Injectors having cooling or heating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nozzle body for a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the nozzle body having cooling channels.
  • a nozzle body for a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 is from EP 1 781 931 B1 known.
  • the known fuel injector comprises a holding body, a valve body with a throttle plate and a nozzle body. The holding body and the nozzle body are clamped together by a nozzle clamping nut.
  • a pressure chamber is formed in the nozzle body and can be supplied with fuel under pressure via an inlet bore.
  • a longitudinally movable nozzle needle that releases or closes at least one injection opening is arranged so as to be longitudinally movable in the pressure chamber.
  • the known fuel injector has cooling channels formed in the nozzle body. Disclosed about the design and manufacture of these cooling channels EP 1 781 931 B1 but nothing.
  • a fuel injector with a cooling arrangement which comprises an annular chamber with an inner and an outer coolant space.
  • a coolable injection nozzle for a direct injection engine is known, in which a nozzle holder a circulation channel has in the form of a cylindrical annular space.
  • injectors or fuel injectors are known which have cooling channels.
  • the nozzle body according to the invention for a fuel injector has cooling channels which are optimized in terms of their cooling effect. Nevertheless, the nozzle body is designed in one piece, so that there is no need for complex manufacturing techniques and seals. Furthermore, the structural weakening of the nozzle body by the cooling channels is only marginal.
  • a pressure chamber is formed in the nozzle body, which can be supplied with fuel under high pressure via an inlet bore.
  • a nozzle needle that releases or closes at least one injection opening is arranged to be longitudinally movable in the pressure chamber.
  • the at least one injection opening is formed in a nozzle tip of the nozzle body.
  • Cooling channels through which cooling medium can flow are formed in the nozzle body.
  • the cooling channels comprise a cooling matrix formed in the nozzle tip.
  • the nozzle body is still made in one piece.
  • the cooling matrix has the largest possible total area that is effective for cooling, so that the heat input from the nozzle tip into the cooling medium is very large and the cooling of the nozzle body is therefore particularly effective.
  • the cooling channels, in particular the cooling matrix are produced using 3D printing processes. With other manufacturing processes, for example conventional turning and drilling technology, the geometry of the cooling matrix cannot be manufactured in a one-piece nozzle body. Complex replacement measures such as welding or sealing plugs can therefore be dispensed with. The associated connection problems such as insufficient tightness or reduced strength are eliminated.
  • the cooling matrix is designed in the form of a fence, meander or helix.
  • the entire convection surface of the cooling matrix that is to say the separating surface between the nozzle body and the cooling matrix, can be made very large.
  • a large flow of heat from the nozzle tip into the Cooling medium is the result.
  • the cooling of the nozzle body is particularly effective as a result.
  • the flow through the cooling matrix is also designed in a particularly defined manner; there is no risk of the cooling medium standing in local areas and not flowing.
  • the cooling matrix is designed in the shape of a ring cylinder.
  • the nozzle body can be made very compact in its axial dimensions.
  • the cooling matrix is penetrated by material pores of the nozzle tip. This allows the entire convection surface to be enlarged again.
  • the heat exchange between the nozzle tip and the cooling medium is further optimized.
  • the cooling channels comprise an elongated inlet channel and an elongated outlet channel for supplying and removing cooling medium into and out of the cooling matrix.
  • the nozzle tip is the hottest area of the nozzle body and the cooling matrix is arranged in this.
  • the supply and discharge of the cooling medium into and out of the nozzle body takes place on the face of the nozzle body opposite the nozzle tip.
  • the elongated inlet or outlet channel is therefore a fluidically favorable design in order to hydraulically connect the cooling matrix to the supply of cooling medium.
  • the cooling channels have an inlet kidney and an outlet kidney.
  • the inlet kidney and the outlet kidney are formed on an end face of the nozzle body opposite the nozzle tip.
  • the inlet kidney merges into the inlet channel and the outlet kidney merges into the outlet channel.
  • the nozzle body can be braced on the end face with a further component, for example a holding body or a throttle plate, the connection of the cooling channels not having to be subject to tight tolerances.
  • the inlet kidney and the outlet kidney are the hydraulic connection of the cooling channels to the adjacent component. Due to the comparatively large areas of the two kidneys, have Dimensional deviations from the connection geometries have no adverse effects on the flow through the cooling channels.
  • the nozzle body has a convection area, the convection area having a greater thermal conductivity than the remaining area of the nozzle body.
  • the amount of heat transported through the convection area is therefore particularly large.
  • main heat flows can thus be advantageously arranged, for example from the injection openings to the cooling matrix.
  • Copper for example, can be used as a particularly thermally conductive material for the convection area. Due to the 3D printing process, there is still a firm material connection to the other areas of the nozzle body.
  • the nozzle body according to the invention is used particularly advantageously in a fuel injector.
  • the fuel injector has a control valve for controlling the pressure of a control chamber.
  • the control space is limited by the nozzle needle.
  • the opening and closing movements of the nozzle needle are therefore controlled by the pressure in the control chamber, which in turn is controlled by the control valve.
  • the fuel injector for injecting fuel under high pressure into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is exposed to particularly high temperatures; this applies in particular to the nozzle tip on which the injection openings are formed in the combustion chamber.
  • the cooling of the nozzle tip via the cooling matrix is therefore particularly important and particularly effective for such fuel injectors.
  • the manufacturing process of the nozzle body according to the invention is a 3D printing process, since this is the only way to realize the complex geometry of the cooling matrix in a one-piece nozzle body. Sealing plugs, other components, weld seams, sealing agents and similar circumvention measures are no longer necessary.
  • a base body of the nozzle body is first manufactured, preferably by forging or casting.
  • partial geometries of the Cooling channels be designed, for example as a longitudinal section of bores or as a half-model.
  • the remaining material surrounding the cooling channels is then applied using 3D printing. If necessary, convection areas with a particularly thermally conductive material can then also be applied by 3D printing.
  • Fig.1 shows a fuel injector 100 for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in longitudinal section, as is known from the prior art.
  • the known fuel injector 100 comprises a holding body 1, a valve body 3, a throttle plate 5 and a nozzle body 16. All of these components are held together by a nozzle clamping nut 7.
  • the nozzle body 16 here contains a nozzle needle 6, which is arranged in a pressure chamber 8 formed in the nozzle body 16 so as to be longitudinally displaceable. When the nozzle needle 6 is opened, fuel is supplied via several im Injection openings 60 formed by nozzle body 16 are injected into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • a collar on which a compression spring 61 is supported can be seen on the nozzle needle 6.
  • the other end of the compression spring 61 is supported on a control sleeve 62, which in turn rests against the underside of the throttle plate 5.
  • the control sleeve 62 defines a control chamber 63 with the upper end face of the nozzle needle 6 opposite the injection openings 60 and with the underside of the throttle plate 5.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 63 is decisive for controlling the longitudinal movement of the nozzle needle 6.
  • An inlet bore 64 is formed in the fuel injector 100. Via the inlet bore 64, the fuel pressure becomes effective on the one hand in the pressure chamber 8, where it exerts a force in the opening direction of the nozzle needle 6 via a pressure shoulder of the nozzle needle 6. On the other hand, this fuel pressure acts via an inlet throttle 65 formed in the control sleeve 62 in the control chamber 63 and, supported by the force of the compression spring 61, holds the nozzle needle 6 in its closed position.
  • the fuel injector 100 also has a control valve 2 for controlling the pressure in the control chamber 63:
  • a magnet armature 71 and a valve needle 72 connected to the magnet armature 71 are lifted from a valve seat 73 formed on the valve body 3.
  • the fuel from the control chamber 63 can flow out through an outlet throttle 75 formed in the throttle plate 5 via the valve seat 73 into an outlet channel 76.
  • the lowering of the hydraulic force on the upper end face of the nozzle needle 6 caused in this way leads to the nozzle needle 6 opening.
  • the fuel from the pressure chamber 8 thus passes through the injection openings 60 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the nozzle needle 6 is displaced in the direction of the injection openings 60 and closes them. The injection process is then ended.
  • cooling channels 30 are formed in the valve body 3, throttle plate 5 and nozzle body 16 of the known fuel injector 100.
  • the tip of the nozzle needle 6 and the nozzle body 16 can be cooled.
  • the cooling channels 30 lie partially in the inlet bore 64. However, this is only due to the sectional illustration; in the embodiments, the cooling channels 30 are separated from the inlet bore 64.
  • the cooling channels 30 are now formed in a one-piece 3D-printed nozzle body 16.
  • the cooling channels 30 are now formed in a one-piece 3D-printed nozzle body 16.
  • Fig. 2 shows a nozzle body 16 produced in a 3D printing process in a perspective transparent view.
  • the inlet bore 64 into the pressure chamber 8 is not shown here.
  • the pressure chamber 8 and the injection openings 60 are formed in the nozzle body 16.
  • the cooling channels 30 are designed in such a way that they have a very large area relative to the nozzle body 16 in the region of the nozzle tip 16 a of the nozzle body 16, that is to say near the injection openings 60.
  • the cooling channels 30 include an inlet kidney 33 and an outlet kidney 34 for connection to the component adjacent to the nozzle body 16, for example the throttle plate 5 or the holding body 1, depending on the design of the fuel injector 100 Holding body 1 formed.
  • the cooling channels 30 further include an elongated inlet channel 31, an elongated outlet channel 32 and a cooling matrix 35.
  • the cooling matrix 35 is preferably provided with a large total area for effective cooling of the nozzle tip 16a, so that the greatest possible heat transfer from the nozzle tip 16a, which is very hot during operation, is provided the cooling channels 30 cooling medium flowing through can take place.
  • the cooling matrix 35 preferably also extends over the entire circumference of the nozzle tip 16a.
  • the nozzle body 16 has a convection region 37, as in FIG Fig. 2 the cooling matrix 35 is shown surrounding.
  • the convection area 37 is made of a different material, for example copper, than the rest of the nozzle body 16, but is nevertheless connected to it in a materially bonded manner due to the 3D printing.
  • the convection area 37 has a particularly high thermal conductivity and is used to conduct the largest possible amount of heat from very hot areas of the nozzle body 16 to the cooling matrix 35.
  • the convection region 37 is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the injection openings 60 in the nozzle tip 16a, since the highest temperatures of the fuel injector 100 usually prevail there.
  • the cooling matrix 35 is designed in the shape of a fence. Further design options are in the following Figures 3 and 4 to see.
  • Fig. 3 shows a negative model of the cooling matrix 35 - that is, the geometry of the cooling medium - in a spiral or meandering shape. Due to the meander shape, the flow through the cooling matrix 35 is particularly defined, since there are no branches in the direction of flow. Standing cooling medium - and thus locally low heat transfer coefficients - are therefore excluded.
  • Fig. 4 shows the cooling matrix 35 as a ring cylinder with a large number of material pores 36.
  • the material pores 36 are thus material of the nozzle body 16, for example steel.
  • the convection surface of the cooling matrix 35 is particularly large. Accordingly, a large amount of heat can be introduced from the nozzle tip 16a into the cooling medium.
  • the cooling matrix 35 can also be designed in a ring shape.
  • a base body of the nozzle body 16 is first produced using a conventional production method - for example forging or a machining process.
  • the cooling channels 30 can already be present in partial contours.
  • the outer area of the nozzle body 16, specifically the area surrounding the cooling matrix 35 and possibly also the convection area 17, is then applied by means of 3D printing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Corps de buse (16) pour un injecteur de carburant (100) servant à injecter du carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, le corps de buse (16) étant réalisé d'une seule pièce, une chambre de pression (8) étant formée dans le corps de buse (16), qui peut être alimentée en carburant sous haute pression par le biais d'un trou d'alimentation (64), une aiguille de buse (6) dégageant ou fermant au moins une ouverture d'injection (60) étant agencée dans la chambre de pression (8) de manière à pouvoir se déplacer longitudinalement, ladite au moins une ouverture d'injection (60) étant formée dans une pointe de buse (16a) du corps de buse (16), des canaux de refroidissement (30) pouvant être traversés par un milieu réfrigérant étant formés dans le corps de buse (16), et les canaux de refroidissement (30) comprenant un canal d'alimentation allongé (31) et un canal d'évacuation allongé (32) pour l'alimentation et l'évacuation de milieu réfrigérant dans la matrice de refroidissement et hors de la matrice de refroidissement (35),
    caractérisé en ce que les canaux de refroidissement (30) comprennent une matrice de refroidissement (35) formée dans la pointe de buse (16a), et les canaux de refroidissement (30) comprennent un rein d'entrée (33) et un rein de sortie (34), le rein d'entrée (33) et le rein de sortie (34) étant configurés sur un côté avant, opposé à la pointe de buse (16a), du corps de buse (16), et le rein d'entrée (33) devenant le canal d'alimentation (31) et le rein de sortie (34) devenant le canal d'évacuation (32).
  2. Corps de buse (16) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matrice de refroidissement (35) est configurée sous forme de clôture, sous forme de méandres ou sous forme d'hélice.
  3. Corps de buse (16) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matrice de refroidissement (35) est configurée sous forme cylindrique annulaire.
  4. Corps de buse (16) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la matrice de refroidissement (35) est traversée par des pores de matériau (36) de la pointe de buse (16a).
  5. Corps de buse (16) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le corps de buse (16) comprend une zone de convexion (37), la zone de convexion (37) présentant une conductivité thermique plus élevée que la zone restante du corps de buse (16).
  6. Injecteur de carburant (100) comprenant un corps de buse (16) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'injecteur de carburant (100) comprend une soupape de contrôle (2) pour le contrôle de la pression d'une chambre de contrôle (63), l'aiguille de buse (6) délimitant la chambre de contrôle (63).
  7. Procédé de fabrication d'un corps de buse (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps de buse (16) est fabriqué dans le procédé d'impression 3D.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    - la fabrication d'un corps de base du corps de buse (16), de préférence par forgeage ;
    - l'application du matériau de la pointe de buse (16a) entourant la matrice de refroidissement (35) à l'extérieur au moyen d'un procédé d'impression 3D.
EP17731874.8A 2016-06-27 2017-06-20 Corps d'injecteur pour un injecteur de carburant Active EP3475555B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016211477.8A DE102016211477A1 (de) 2016-06-27 2016-06-27 Düsenkörper für einen Kraftstoffinjektor
PCT/EP2017/065128 WO2018001797A1 (fr) 2016-06-27 2017-06-20 Corps d'injecteur pour un injecteur de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3475555A1 EP3475555A1 (fr) 2019-05-01
EP3475555B1 true EP3475555B1 (fr) 2020-10-28

Family

ID=59093557

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17731874.8A Active EP3475555B1 (fr) 2016-06-27 2017-06-20 Corps d'injecteur pour un injecteur de carburant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3475555B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6757805B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102303418B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109416007B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016211477A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018001797A1 (fr)

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BE1026728B1 (fr) 2018-10-25 2020-05-28 Soudobeam Sa Organe d'injection de gaz, four muni d'un tel organe et son utilisation
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KR102607623B1 (ko) * 2021-07-13 2023-11-29 주식회사 이엠엘 분말제조용 고압가스 회전 노즐

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109416007A (zh) 2019-03-01
DE102016211477A1 (de) 2017-12-28
CN109416007B (zh) 2021-04-30
JP6757805B2 (ja) 2020-09-23
KR102303418B1 (ko) 2021-09-24
WO2018001797A1 (fr) 2018-01-04
EP3475555A1 (fr) 2019-05-01
KR20190020798A (ko) 2019-03-04
JP2019518170A (ja) 2019-06-27

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