EP3475031A1 - Hand-held machine tool - Google Patents

Hand-held machine tool

Info

Publication number
EP3475031A1
EP3475031A1 EP17733771.4A EP17733771A EP3475031A1 EP 3475031 A1 EP3475031 A1 EP 3475031A1 EP 17733771 A EP17733771 A EP 17733771A EP 3475031 A1 EP3475031 A1 EP 3475031A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
side wall
collar
working axis
sealing ring
hand tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17733771.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3475031B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Pallmer
Steffen Geiger
Ferdinand Kristen
Franz Popp
Erich Daigeler
Henrik Lüßmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Priority to EP20171057.1A priority Critical patent/EP3722048B1/en
Publication of EP3475031A1 publication Critical patent/EP3475031A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3475031B1 publication Critical patent/EP3475031B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism
    • B25D11/125—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism with a fluid cushion between the crank drive and the striking body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/06—Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/0011—Details of anvils, guide-sleeves or pistons
    • B25D2217/0023—Pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
    • B25D2222/21—Metals
    • B25D2222/27—Brass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
    • B25D2222/54—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/345—Use of o-rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/365—Use of seals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hand tool with a pneumatic percussion.
  • EP 2 857 149 A1 describes a hand-held power tool with a pneumatic impact mechanism and an exciter piston for the pneumatic impact mechanism.
  • the excitation piston has a circumferential groove in its lateral surface, in which a sealing ring is inserted.
  • the elastic sealing ring is so far expanded during assembly that it can be advanced over the lateral surface up to the groove.
  • the elastic sealing ring contracts again in the groove.
  • the elastic sealing ring must be selected with regard to the assembly.
  • the hand tool of the invention has a tool holder for receiving and locking a tool, a pneumatic percussion and a motor.
  • the pneumatic impact mechanism has on a working axis an exciter piston, a racket and a closed between the exciter piston and the racket pneumatic chamber.
  • the motor drives the exciter piston.
  • the excitation piston has a cup-shaped body, a sealing ring and a tubular shell body.
  • the cup-shaped main body has a working axis enclosing the side wall and a radially opposite the side wall projecting collar.
  • the hollow cylindrical jacket body is arranged on the base body surrounding the side wall and spaced by a groove along the working axis of the collar.
  • the sealing ring is arranged in the groove.
  • the groove is open laterally before assembly of the jacket body.
  • the sealing ring can be slid over the side wall, without requiring an expansion is necessary.
  • the jacket body is pushed onto the side wall after the sealing ring and closes the groove for the sealing ring.
  • the groove is preferably annular around the side wall.
  • the groove is closed along the working axis in the direction of the racket by the collar of the base body, in the radial direction to the working axis through the side wall of the base body and along the working axis of the collar opposite by an end face of the sheath body.
  • the groove is formed by two separate bodies, namely the main body and the jacket body.
  • the sealing ring can lie directly against the collar and on the end face, can be spaced from the collar only by an air gap or can be spaced from the end face only by an air gap.
  • the sealing ring is formed in a preferred embodiment of a plastic having a hardness of at least 85 Shore.
  • a sealing ring with a hardness of 85 Shore, in particular in the range between 85 Shore and 90 Shore, has lower coefficients of friction in the metallic guide tube of the hammer mechanism.
  • the sealing ring may consist of a brass alloy.
  • the base body and the jacket body are made of different materials.
  • the two bodies may be formed of different plastics, in particular thermoplastics.
  • the main body can be selected with regard to temperature resistance and the jacket body with regard to a favorable coefficient of friction with the guide tube.
  • the main body is formed in particular from a plastic which has a high rigidity at elevated temperatures in the range between 100 ° C (Celsius) and 150 ° C.
  • the base body has a bottom plate, which is arranged on the racket side of the side wall, and the bottom plate and the collar lie in a plane.
  • the sealing ring can thus be arranged close to the pneumatic chamber possible to avoid dead volumes.
  • An embodiment provides that an inner surface of the jacket body bears flush against an outer surface of the side wall.
  • a sealing element may be arranged in the radial direction between the inner surface of the jacket body and the outer surface of the side wall.
  • the groove is formed airtight to the working axis.
  • An embodiment provides that the jacket body is locked by means of a mechanical closure on the side wall.
  • the lock can be solvable or removable only be solved by destroying the lock.
  • the locking can be done by threads, locking elements or the like.
  • An embodiment provides that the jacket body is glued or welded to the side wall.
  • the side wall encloses a cylindrical cavity in which a bearing is arranged for a connecting rod.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hammer drill
  • Fig. 3 shows the excitation piston in section in the plane III-III
  • FIG. 5 shows a detailed detail of FIG. 4
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a hand-held chiseling machine tool schematically an electric hammer 1.
  • the electric hammer 1 has a tool holder 2, in which a chisel 3 or other tool along a working axis 4 can be used and locked.
  • the electric hammer 1 has a handle 5, which is typically attached to a tool holder 2 remote from the end of a machine housing 6 of the electric hammer 1.
  • An additional handle can be fastened, for example, near the tool holder 2.
  • the user can lead and hold the electric hammer 1 with the handles 5 during the chiseling.
  • a power supply can be done via a battery or a power line 7.
  • the electric hammer 1 has a pneumatic percussion 8 with a racket 9, which exerts periodic blows in the direction of impact 10 on the chisel 3 during operation.
  • the racket 9 is movably guided on the working axis 4.
  • the racket 9 can strike directly on the chisel 3 in one embodiment.
  • the racket 9 strikes a striker 11, which transfers the impact to the chisel 3 mounted in the tool holder 2.
  • the striker 11 is arranged in the direction of impact 10 of the racket 9 between the racket 9 and the tool holder 2.
  • the pneumatic impact mechanism 8 is driven by an electric motor 12.
  • the electric motor 12 moves a field piston 13 periodically on the working axis 4 back and forth.
  • the racket 9 is coupled via an air spring to the exciter piston 13.
  • the impact mechanism 8 has a guide tube 14, in which the exciter piston 13 is guided along the working axis 4.
  • the guide tube 14 has a, preferably cylindrical, inner surface which is parallel to the working axis 4.
  • the exciter piston 13 is flush with the inner surface 15 at.
  • the cross-sectional profile of the excitation piston 13 corresponds to the hollow profile of the guide tube 14.
  • the excitation piston 13 closes the guide tube 14 airtight against the direction of impact 10th
  • the exciter piston 13 is composed at least of the following three separate elements: a cup-shaped base body 16, a rohrformigen sheath body 17 and a sealing ring 18.
  • the pot-shaped base body 16 is inserted into the rohrformigen sheath body 17.
  • the main body 16 has a radially protruding collar 19.
  • the sealing ring 18 spans the base body 16 and is arranged along the working axis 4 between the collar 19 and the jacket body 17.
  • the pot-shaped base body 16 has a one-sided open cavity, which lies on the working axis 4.
  • the cavity is closed along the working axis 4, in the direction of impact 10 by a bottom plate 20 and in the radial direction about the working axis 4 by a side wall 21.
  • the cavity is open against the impact direction 10.
  • the bottom plate 20 forms the end face 22 of the exciter piston 13, which closes a pneumatic chamber 23 of the impact mechanism 8.
  • the bottom plate 20 and its end face 22 substantially correspond to the hollow cross section of the guide tube 14.
  • the bottom plate 20 is circular.
  • the diameter 24 of the bottom plate 20 corresponds to the inner diameter of the guide tube 14.
  • the end face 22 is preferably flat.
  • the side wall 21 is arranged on the side facing away from the racket 9 of the bottom plate 20.
  • the side wall 21 is preferably closed circumferentially about the working axis 4.
  • the side wall 21 extends along or parallel to the working axis 4.
  • the exemplary side wall 21 is formed substantially cylindrical.
  • the radial outer dimension, for example, the outer diameter 25 of the side wall 21 is less than the radial outer dimension, for example, the outer diameter 24, the bottom plate 20.
  • the bottom plate 20 is characterized over the side wall 21 radially over.
  • the radially projecting ring is referred to here as a collar 19.
  • the collar 19 is preferably along the working axis 4 at the same height as the bottom plate 20, ie in the radial direction in the immediate extension of the bottom plate 20.
  • the bottom plate 20 may have the same or different axial dimensions in the region of the collar 19 or at the height of the working axis. 4 to have.
  • the pot-shaped basic body 16 is preferably a monolithic body.
  • the bottom plate 20 and the side wall 21 are connected to each other without joining zones, in particular not welded together, glued, screwed, locked.
  • the base body 16 is preferably made of plastic, for example of a thermoplastic.
  • the plastic is preferably stiff even at temperatures between 100 ° C and 150 ° C, so that the bottom plate 20 does not yield during the compression of the pneumatic chamber 23.
  • Polyphthalamides (PPA) or radiation-crosslinked polyamides are particularly suitable examples.
  • the thermoplastic may be reinforced by additives. Thermosets seem less suitable.
  • the main body 16 may be made as an injection molded body.
  • the sheath body 17 is essentially a tube, eg a hollow cylinder. The sheath body 17 is placed on the side wall 21 of the base body 16.
  • the side wall 21 centers the jacket body 17.
  • the jacket body 17 is preferably in the radial direction positively against the side wall 21.
  • the wall body 17 essentially has the shape of an extrusion body of the collar 19 along the working axis 4.
  • the radial inner dimension of the jacket body 17 is correspondingly equal to the radial outside dimension 25 of the side wall 21
  • the dimensions are identical, for example, taking into account the typical manufacturing tolerances.
  • the outer surface 26 of the sheath body 17 forms the guide surface of the exciter piston 13.
  • the outer surface 26 abuts against the inner surface 15 of the guide tube 14.
  • the outer diameter 24 of the sheath body 17 is correspondingly equal to the inner diameter of the guide tube 14.
  • the outer surface 26 is preferably cylindrical.
  • the sheath body 17 is along the working axis 4 of the bottom plate 20, that is, the collar 19, spaced.
  • the collar 19 and the jacket body 17 close between them an annular circumferential groove 27.
  • the surfaces of the groove 27 are formed in the direction of impact 10 by the collar 19, in the radial direction by the side wall 21 and counter to the direction of impact 10 by an end face of the sheath body 17.
  • the groove 27 is closed along its entire circumference along the working axis 4 and in the radial direction to the working axis 4 out. Air can only enter or exit the groove 27 from radially outside.
  • a distance of the sheath body 17 from the bottom plate 20, ie the width of the groove corresponds approximately to the axial dimension, eg the cord diameter, of the sealing ring 18.
  • the sealing ring 18 can rest on the collar 19 and the end face 28 of the sheath body 17, or is only separated by an air gap of the collar 19 or the end face 28.
  • the sheath body 17 can lock with the base body 16 in order to secure the sheath body 17 axially on the base body 16.
  • the exemplary sheath body 17 has a pawl 29 which is deflectable in the radial direction away from the working axis 4.
  • the sheath body 17 is slotted, for example, adjacent to the pawl 29.
  • the slots form an arm 30, at the end of the pawl 29 is.
  • the arm forms an elastically deflectable solid-body joint.
  • the side wall 21 of the base body 16 is provided with a recess 31, in which the pawl 29 engages.
  • the pawl 29 preferably has a slight axial play in the recess and secures the jacket body 17 to the base body 16.
  • a dimension of the recess 31 along the working axis 4 can be equal to the dimension of the pawl 29 along the working axis 4 for this purpose.
  • the recess 31 may be formed by a circumferential slot, a circumferential groove, a hole or a dome-shaped recess.
  • the pawl 29 can be brought out of engagement with the recess 31 by radial deflection.
  • the pawl 29 protrudes beyond the outer surface 26 during the deflection.
  • the outer diameter of the sheath body 17 is at deflected pawl 29 is greater than the inner diameter of the guide tube 14. Accordingly, the pawl 29 is secured against deflection and release when the exciter piston 13 is arranged in the guide tube 14.
  • the sheath body 17 may be bolted to the base 16 in alternative embodiments.
  • the inner surface of the sheath body 17 and the outer surface of the side wall 21 are provided with corresponding threads. The thread can also be used in addition to the pawl 29.
  • the sheath body 17 and the base body 16 can be glued or welded.
  • the sheath body 17 is preferably a monolithic body.
  • the sheath body 17 is not composed of elements connected via joining zones, in particular not welded together, glued, screwed or otherwise mechanically interconnected elements.
  • the sheath body 17 is preferably made of a plastic, for example, a single thermoplastic.
  • the plastic of the sheath body 17 may be different from the plastic of the base body 16.
  • For the sheath body 17 are suitable polyamides because of their high abrasion resistance and relative ease of processing.
  • the polyamide may be treated with Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE), graphite or molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) to further improve the coefficient of friction.
  • Teflon polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE
  • MoS2 molybdenum disulphide
  • the jacket body 17 can be produced as an injection molded body.
  • the sealing ring 18 is seated on the side wall 21 of the main body 16.
  • the sealing ring 18 is circumferentially closed.
  • the sealing ring 18 is pushed during assembly on the side wall 21 to adjacent to the bottom plate 20.
  • the jacket body 17 is pushed onto the side wall 21 in the direction of impact 10.
  • the inner diameter of the sealing ring 18 is preferably equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the side wall 21, but less than the diameter of the bottom plate 20 and smaller than the outer diameter of the shell body 17.
  • the sealing ring 18 is along the working axis 4 between the bottom plate 20 and the shell body 17 caught.
  • the sealing ring 18 is preferably slightly radially beyond the bottom plate 20 and the shell body 17.
  • the sealing ring 18 is airtight under a radial bias on the inner surface 15 of the guide tube 14 at.
  • the sealing ring 18 may have an inner diameter which is slightly larger than the outer diameter 25 of the side wall 21. Between the sealing ring 18 and the base body 16 results in a gap in the radial direction, in which the sealing ring 18 can deflect.
  • An additional sealing element 32 may be arranged in the radial direction between the jacket body 17 and the side wall 21. The sealing element 32 seals the radial inner surface of the jacket body 17 with respect to the radial outer surface of the side wall 21. The sealing element 32 prevents an exchange of air from the groove 27 in the inner cavity of the excitation piston 13.
  • the sealing element 32 may be an O-ring as shown, or inter alia alternatively by a press fit, by lamellae on the Radial inner surface of the sheath body 17, be formed by fins on the radial outer surface of the side wall 21.
  • the sealing ring 18 is preferably a monolithic body.
  • the sealing ring 18 consists for example of nitrile rubber, for example, continuously from a single plastic.
  • the sealing ring 18 can be produced as an injection molded body.
  • the sealing ring 18 preferably has a hardness of more than 85 Shore, for example more than 90 Shore, at most 95 Shore.
  • the sealing ring 18 has a relatively high rigidity, which allows a permanent seal on the guide tube 14. Although a sealing ring 18 of this hardness is sufficiently elastically deformable to compensate for unevenness of the guide tube 14. However, the sealing ring 18 is already significantly deformed during the expansion of the inner diameter of the sealing ring 18 to the outer diameter of the sheath body 17. The residual plastic strain after stretching is greater than 0.2%. The sealing ring 18 can therefore not be pushed over the pre-assembled jacket body 17 during assembly, without being damaged. For such a mounting a softer sealing ring 18 with a hardness between 70 Shore and 80 Shore is necessary.
  • sealing ring 18 is polyphthalamide.
  • sealing ring 18 may also be made of a brass alloy.
  • a bearing for a connecting rod 33 is formed.
  • the exemplary bearing is formed by a first bearing shell 34 and a second bearing shell 35, which store along the working axis 4 between them a bolt 36.
  • the bolt 36 is pivotable in the bearing shells 34, 35 about a pivot axis perpendicular to the working axis 4.
  • the connecting rod 33 is suspended on the bolt 36.
  • the bolt 36 is monolithically formed with the connecting rod 33.
  • the two bearing shells 34, 35 are within the cup-shaped base body 16.
  • the side wall 21 includes the bearing shells 35.
  • the sheath body 17 secures by means of a cover plate 37, the two bearing shells 34, 35.
  • the second bearing shell 35 may be formed as part of the sheath body 17.
  • the racket 9 is arranged in the guide tube 14.
  • the racket 9 is guided by the guide tube 14 along the working axis 4.
  • the racket 9 is located in the direction of impact 10 after the exciter piston 13.
  • the racket 9 is flush with the inner surface 15 of the guide tube 14 at.
  • the cross-sectional profile of the racket 9 corresponds to the hollow profile of the guide tube 14.
  • the racket 9 closes the guide tube 14 in the direction of impact 10th
  • the excitation piston 13 and the racket 9 close along the working axis 4 from a pneumatic chamber 23.
  • the pneumatic chamber 23 is located between the excitation piston 13 and the racket 9.
  • the pneumatic chamber 23 forms the air spring, which couples the movement of the racket 9 to the movement of the exciter piston 13.
  • the guide tube 14 closes off the pneumatic chamber 23 in the radial direction.
  • the excitation piston 13 is connected via a drive train 38 to the electric motor 12.
  • the powertrain 38 includes a converter 39 which converts the rotational motion of the electric motor 12 into a translational motion.
  • the exemplified converter 39 is based on an eccentric wheel driven by the electric motor 12 and the connecting rod 33 anchored in the excitation piston 13.
  • An alternative embodiment uses a swash plate instead of an eccentric wheel, to which the connecting rod 33 acts.
  • the powertrain 38 may further include a reduction gear 40 and protective mechanisms, e.g. a slip clutch 41, included.
  • the mechanical and rigid connection of the excitation piston 13 to the electric motor 12 ensures a synchronous movement of the electric motor 12 and the exciter piston 13.
  • the electric motor 12 is powered by the power supply.
  • the electric motor 12 may be a universal motor, a mechanically commutating electric motor 12, or an electrically commutating electric motor 12.
  • the user can switch the electric motor 12 on and off with an operating button 42.
  • the operating button 42 is arranged on or near the handle 5 and can preferably be operated by the hand holding the handle 5.
  • the excitation piston 13 has the main body 16, the sheath body 17 and the sealing ring 18.
  • the sheath body 17 has radially inwardly projecting lugs 43, which can engage in a corresponding opening 16 of the base body.
  • the side wall 21 is so far elastic in the area that the jacket body 17 can be pushed by bending the side wall 21. Once the lugs 43 are at the height of the opening, the side wall 21 returns to its original shape and locks the lugs 43rd
  • the jacket body 17 is airtight in the radial direction with the side wall 21 of the base body 16.
  • the exemplary embodiment uses for this purpose fins 44, which are formed on the inside of the sheath body 17.
  • the fins 44 may alternatively or additionally be provided on the side wall 21.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

A hand-held machine tool (1) comprises a tool holder (2) for holding and locking a tool (3), a pneumatic percussion mechanism (8) and a motor (12). The pneumatic percussion mechanism (8) has, on a working axis (4), a driving piston (13), a striker (9) and a sealed pneumatic chamber (23) between the driving piston (13) and the striker (9). The motor (12) drives the driving piston (13). The driving piston (13) has a pot-like main body (16), a sealing ring (18) and a tubular outer casing (17). The pot-like main body (16) has a side wall (21) surrounding the working axis (4) and a collar (19) protruding in a radial direction relative to the side wall (21). The hollow, cylindrical outer casing (17) is located on the main body (16), surrounding the side wall (21), and spaced apart along the working axis (4) from the collar (19) by a channel (27). The sealing ring (18) is located in the channel (27).

Description

GEBIET DER ERFINDUNG  FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem pneumatischen Schlagwerk. The present invention relates to a hand tool with a pneumatic percussion.
EP 2 857 149 A1 beschreibt eine Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem pneumatischen Schlagwerk und einen Erregerkolben für das pneumatische Schlagwerk. Der Erregerkolben hat eine umlaufende Rille in seiner Mantelfläche, in welche ein Dichtring eingesetzt ist. Der elastische Dichtring wird bei der Montage soweit aufgedehnt, dass er über die Mantelfläche bis zu der Rille vorgeschoben werden kann. Der elastische Dichtring zieht sich in der Rille wieder zusammen. Der elastische Dichtring muss in Hinblick auf die Montage ausgewählt werden. EP 2 857 149 A1 describes a hand-held power tool with a pneumatic impact mechanism and an exciter piston for the pneumatic impact mechanism. The excitation piston has a circumferential groove in its lateral surface, in which a sealing ring is inserted. The elastic sealing ring is so far expanded during assembly that it can be advanced over the lateral surface up to the groove. The elastic sealing ring contracts again in the groove. The elastic sealing ring must be selected with regard to the assembly.
OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNG DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Die erfindungsgemäße Handwerkzeugmaschine hat einen Werkzeughalter zum Aufnehmen und Verriegeln eines Werkzeugs, ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk und einen Motor. Das pneumatische Schlagwerk hat auf einer Arbeitsachse einen Erregerkolben, einen Schläger und eine zwischen dem Erregerkolben und dem Schläger abgeschlossene pneumatische Kammer . Der Motor treibt den Erregerkolben an. Der Erregerkolben hat einen topfförmigen Grundkörper, einen Dichtring und einen rohrförmigen Mantelkörper. Der topfförmige Grundkörper weist eine die Arbeitsachse umschließende Seitenwand und einen in radialer Richtung gegenüber der Seitenwand vorstehenden Kragen auf. Der hohlzylindrische Mantelkörper ist auf dem Grundkörper die Seitenwand umgebend und durch eine Rille längs der Arbeitsachse von dem Kragen beabstandet angeordnet. Der Dichtring ist in der Rille angeordnet. The hand tool of the invention has a tool holder for receiving and locking a tool, a pneumatic percussion and a motor. The pneumatic impact mechanism has on a working axis an exciter piston, a racket and a closed between the exciter piston and the racket pneumatic chamber. The motor drives the exciter piston. The excitation piston has a cup-shaped body, a sealing ring and a tubular shell body. The cup-shaped main body has a working axis enclosing the side wall and a radially opposite the side wall projecting collar. The hollow cylindrical jacket body is arranged on the base body surrounding the side wall and spaced by a groove along the working axis of the collar. The sealing ring is arranged in the groove.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Handwerkzeugmaschine ist die Rille vor der Montage des Mantelkörpers seitlich offen. Der Dichtring kann über die Seitenwand aufgeschoben werden, ohne dass dabei ein Aufdehnen notwendig ist. Der Mantelkörper wird nach dem Dichtring auf die Seitenwand aufgeschoben und verschließt die Rille für den Dichtring. Die Rille ist vorzugsweise ringförmig um die Seitenwand umlaufend. Die Rille ist längs der Arbeitsachse in Richtung zu dem Schläger durch den Kragen des Grundkörpers, in radialer Richtung zu der Arbeitsachse durch die Seitenwand des Grundkörpers und längs der Arbeitsachse dem Kragen gegenüberliegend durch eine Stirnfläche des Mantelkörpers abgeschlossen. Die Rille wird durch zwei separate Körper, nämlich den Grundkörper und den Mantelkörper gebildet. In the case of the portable power tool according to the invention, the groove is open laterally before assembly of the jacket body. The sealing ring can be slid over the side wall, without requiring an expansion is necessary. The jacket body is pushed onto the side wall after the sealing ring and closes the groove for the sealing ring. The groove is preferably annular around the side wall. The groove is closed along the working axis in the direction of the racket by the collar of the base body, in the radial direction to the working axis through the side wall of the base body and along the working axis of the collar opposite by an end face of the sheath body. The groove is formed by two separate bodies, namely the main body and the jacket body.
Der Dichtring kann in einer Ausgestaltung unmittelbar an dem Kragen und an der Stirnfläche anliegen, nur durch einen Luftspalt von dem Kragen beabstandet oder nur durch einen Luftspalt von der Stirnfläche beabstandet sein. In one embodiment, the sealing ring can lie directly against the collar and on the end face, can be spaced from the collar only by an air gap or can be spaced from the end face only by an air gap.
Der Dichtring ist in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung aus einem einem Kunststoff mit einer Härte von wenigstens 85 Shore gebildet. Ein Dichtring mit einer Härte ab 85 Shore, insbesondere in dem Bereich zwischen 85 Shore und 90 Shore, weist geringere Reibwerte in dem metallischen Führungsrohr des Schlagwerks auf. Alternativ kann der Dichtring aus einer Messinglegierung bestehen. The sealing ring is formed in a preferred embodiment of a plastic having a hardness of at least 85 Shore. A sealing ring with a hardness of 85 Shore, in particular in the range between 85 Shore and 90 Shore, has lower coefficients of friction in the metallic guide tube of the hammer mechanism. Alternatively, the sealing ring may consist of a brass alloy.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der Grundkörper und der Mantelkörper aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen bestehen. Insbesondere können die beiden Körper aus unterschiedlichen Kunststoffen, insbesondere Thermoplasten, gebildet sein. Der Grundkörper kann in Hinblick auf Temperaturbeständigkeit und der Mantelkörper in Hinblick auf einen günstigen Reibwert mit dem Führungsrohr ausgewählt werden. Der Grundkörper wird insbesondere aus einem Kunststoff gebildet, welcher eine hohe Steifigkeit bei erhöhten Temperaturen im Bereich zwischen 100 °C (Celsius) und 150 °C aufweist. One embodiment provides that the base body and the jacket body are made of different materials. In particular, the two bodies may be formed of different plastics, in particular thermoplastics. The main body can be selected with regard to temperature resistance and the jacket body with regard to a favorable coefficient of friction with the guide tube. The main body is formed in particular from a plastic which has a high rigidity at elevated temperatures in the range between 100 ° C (Celsius) and 150 ° C.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der Grundkörper eine Bodenplatte aufweist, welche schlägerseitig von der Seitenwand angeordnet ist, und die Bodenplatte und der Kragen in einer Ebene liegen. Der Dichtring kann somit möglich nahe an der pneumatischen Kammer angeordnet werden, um Totvolumina zu vermeiden. An embodiment provides that the base body has a bottom plate, which is arranged on the racket side of the side wall, and the bottom plate and the collar lie in a plane. The sealing ring can thus be arranged close to the pneumatic chamber possible to avoid dead volumes.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass eine Innenfläche des Mantelkörpers bündig an einer Außenfläche der Seitenwand anliegt. Ein Dichtelement kann in radialer Richtung zwischen der Innenfläche des Mantelkörpers und der Außenfläche der Seitenwand angeordnet sein. Die Rille ist zu der Arbeitsachse hin luftdicht ausgebildet. An embodiment provides that an inner surface of the jacket body bears flush against an outer surface of the side wall. A sealing element may be arranged in the radial direction between the inner surface of the jacket body and the outer surface of the side wall. The groove is formed airtight to the working axis.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der Mantelkörper mittels eines mechanischen Verschlusses an der Seitenwand verriegelt ist. Die Verriegelung kann weiderholt lösbar oder nur durch Zerstörung der Verriegelung lösbar sein. Die Verrieglung kann durch Gewinde, verrastende Elemente oder dergleichen erfolgen. An embodiment provides that the jacket body is locked by means of a mechanical closure on the side wall. The lock can be solvable or removable only be solved by destroying the lock. The locking can be done by threads, locking elements or the like.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der Mantelkörper mit der Seitenwand verklebt oder verschweißt ist. An embodiment provides that the jacket body is glued or welded to the side wall.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass die Seitenwand einen zylindrischen Hohlraum umschließt, in welchem ein Lager für ein Pleuel angeordnet ist. KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER FIGUREN An embodiment provides that the side wall encloses a cylindrical cavity in which a bearing is arranged for a connecting rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Die nachfolgende Beschreibung erläutert die Erfindung anhand von exemplarischen Ausführungsformen und Figuren. In den Figuren zeigen: Fig. 1 einen Bohrhammer The following description explains the invention with reference to exemplary embodiments and figures. In the figures: FIG. 1 shows a hammer drill
Fig. 2 einen Erregerkolben im Längsschnitt,  2 shows an excitation piston in longitudinal section,
Fig. 3 den Erregerkolben im Schnitt in der Ebene III-III  Fig. 3 shows the excitation piston in section in the plane III-III
Fig. 4 einen Errregerkolben im Längsschnitt  4 shows an exciter piston in longitudinal section
Fig. 5 einen Detailauschnitt von Fig. 4  5 shows a detailed detail of FIG. 4
Gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente werden durch gleiche Bezugszeichen in den Figuren indiziert, soweit nicht anders angegeben. Identical or functionally identical elements are indicated by the same reference numerals in the figures, unless stated otherwise.
AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMEN DER ERFINDUNG EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 zeigt als Beispiel einer handgeführten meißelnden Werkzeugmaschine schematisch einen Elektrohammer 1. Der Elektrohammer 1 hat einen Werkzeughalter 2, in welchen ein Meißel 3 oder anderes Werkzeug längs einer Arbeitsachse 4 eingesetzt und verriegelt werden kann. Der Elektrohammer 1 hat einen Handgriff 5, der typischerweise an einem dem Werkzeughalter 2 abgewandten Ende eines Maschinengehäuses 6 des Elektrohammers 1 befestigt ist. Ein zusätzlicher Handgriff kann beispielsweise nahe dem Werkzeughalter 2 befestigt werden. Der Anwender kann den Elektrohammer 1 mit den Handgriffen 5 während des Meißelns führen und halten. Eine Energieversorgung kann über eine Batterie oder eine Netzleitung 7 erfolgen. Fig. 1 shows an example of a hand-held chiseling machine tool schematically an electric hammer 1. The electric hammer 1 has a tool holder 2, in which a chisel 3 or other tool along a working axis 4 can be used and locked. The electric hammer 1 has a handle 5, which is typically attached to a tool holder 2 remote from the end of a machine housing 6 of the electric hammer 1. An additional handle can be fastened, for example, near the tool holder 2. The user can lead and hold the electric hammer 1 with the handles 5 during the chiseling. A power supply can be done via a battery or a power line 7.
Der Elektrohammer 1 hat ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk 8 mit einem Schläger 9, welcher im Betrieb periodisch Schläge in Schlagrichtung 10 auf den Meißel 3 ausübt. Der Schläger 9 ist auf der Arbeitsachse 4 beweglich geführt. Der Schläger 9 kann in einer Ausführung unmittelbar auf den Meißel 3 schlagen. In der dargestellten Ausführung schlägt der Schläger 9 auf einen Döpper 11 , welcher den Schlag auf den im Werkzeughalter 2 gelagerten Meißel 3 überträgt. Der Döpper 11 ist in Schlagrichtung 10 von dem Schläger 9 zwischen dem Schläger 9 und dem Werkzeughalter 2 angeordnet. The electric hammer 1 has a pneumatic percussion 8 with a racket 9, which exerts periodic blows in the direction of impact 10 on the chisel 3 during operation. The racket 9 is movably guided on the working axis 4. The racket 9 can strike directly on the chisel 3 in one embodiment. In the illustrated embodiment, the racket 9 strikes a striker 11, which transfers the impact to the chisel 3 mounted in the tool holder 2. The striker 11 is arranged in the direction of impact 10 of the racket 9 between the racket 9 and the tool holder 2.
Das pneumatische Schlagwerk 8 wird durch einen Elektromotor 12 angetrieben. Der Elektromotor 12 bewegt einen Erregerkolben 13 periodisch auf der Arbeitsachse 4 vor- und zurück. Der Schläger 9 ist über eine Luftfeder an den Erregerkolben 13 angekoppelt. The pneumatic impact mechanism 8 is driven by an electric motor 12. The electric motor 12 moves a field piston 13 periodically on the working axis 4 back and forth. The racket 9 is coupled via an air spring to the exciter piston 13.
Das Schlagwerk 8 hat ein Führungsrohr 14, in dem der Erregerkolben 13 längs der Arbeitsachse 4 geführt ist. Das Führungsrohr 14 hat eine, vorzugsweise zylindrische, Innenfläche, die parallel zu der Arbeitsachse 4 verläuft. Der Erregerkolben 13 liegt bündig an der Innenfläche 15 an. Das Querschnittsprofil des Erregerkolbens 13 entspricht dem Hohlprofil des Führungsrohrs 14. Der Erregerkolben 13 verschließt das Führungsrohr 14 luftdicht entgegen der Schlagrichtung 10. The impact mechanism 8 has a guide tube 14, in which the exciter piston 13 is guided along the working axis 4. The guide tube 14 has a, preferably cylindrical, inner surface which is parallel to the working axis 4. The exciter piston 13 is flush with the inner surface 15 at. The cross-sectional profile of the excitation piston 13 corresponds to the hollow profile of the guide tube 14. The excitation piston 13 closes the guide tube 14 airtight against the direction of impact 10th
Der Erregerkolben 13 ist wenigstens aus den folgenden drei separaten Elementen zusammengesetzt: einem topfformigen Grundkörper 16, einem rohrformigen Mantelkörper 17 und einem Dichtring 18. Der topfformige Grundkörper 16 ist in den rohrformigen Mantelkörper 17 eingesetzt. Der Grundkörper 16 hat einen radial überstehenden Kragen 19. Der Dichtring 18 umspannt den Grundkörper 16 und ist längs der Arbeitsachse 4 zwischen dem Kragen 19 und dem Mantelkörper 17 angeordnet. The exciter piston 13 is composed at least of the following three separate elements: a cup-shaped base body 16, a rohrformigen sheath body 17 and a sealing ring 18. The pot-shaped base body 16 is inserted into the rohrformigen sheath body 17. The main body 16 has a radially protruding collar 19. The sealing ring 18 spans the base body 16 and is arranged along the working axis 4 between the collar 19 and the jacket body 17.
Der topfformige Grundkörper 16 hat einen einseitig geöffneten Hohlraum, welcher auf der Arbeitsachse 4 liegt. Der Hohlraum ist längs der Arbeitsachse 4, in der Schlagrichtung 10 durch eine Bodenplatte 20 und in radialer Richtung um die Arbeitsachse 4 durch eine Seitenwand 21 abgeschlossen. Der Hohlraum ist entgegen der Schlagrichtung 10 offen. Die Bodenplatte 20 bildet die Stirnfläche 22 des Erregerkolbens 13, welche eine pneumatische Kammer 23 des Schlagwerks 8 abschließt. The pot-shaped base body 16 has a one-sided open cavity, which lies on the working axis 4. The cavity is closed along the working axis 4, in the direction of impact 10 by a bottom plate 20 and in the radial direction about the working axis 4 by a side wall 21. The cavity is open against the impact direction 10. The bottom plate 20 forms the end face 22 of the exciter piston 13, which closes a pneumatic chamber 23 of the impact mechanism 8.
Die Bodenplatte 20 und deren Stirnfläche 22 entsprechen im Wesentlichen dem hohlen Querschnitt des Führungsrohrs 14. Bei dem gezeigten und bevorzugten Beispiel ist die Bodenplatte 20 kreisförmig. Der Durchmesser 24 der Bodenplatte 20 entspricht dem Innendurchmesser des Führungsrohrs 14. Die Stirnfläche 22 ist vorzugsweise eben. Die Seitenwand 21 ist auf der von dem Schläger 9 abgewandten Seite der Bodenplatte 20 angeordnet. Die Seitenwand 21 ist vorzugsweise umfänglich um die Arbeitsachse 4 geschlossen. Die Seitenwand 21 verläuft längs oder parallel zu der Arbeitsachse 4. Die beispielhafte Seitenwand 21 ist im Wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgebildet. The bottom plate 20 and its end face 22 substantially correspond to the hollow cross section of the guide tube 14. In the shown and preferred example, the bottom plate 20 is circular. The diameter 24 of the bottom plate 20 corresponds to the inner diameter of the guide tube 14. The end face 22 is preferably flat. The side wall 21 is arranged on the side facing away from the racket 9 of the bottom plate 20. The side wall 21 is preferably closed circumferentially about the working axis 4. The side wall 21 extends along or parallel to the working axis 4. The exemplary side wall 21 is formed substantially cylindrical.
Die radiale Außenabmessung, z.B. der Außendurchmesser 25, der Seitenwand 21 ist geringer als die radiale Außenabmessung, z.B. der Außendurchmesser 24, der Bodenplatte 20. Die Bodenplatte 20 steht dadurch gegenüber der Seitenwand 21 radial über. Der radial überstehende Ring wird hier als Kragen 19 bezeichnet. Der Kragen 19 ist vorzugsweise längs der Arbeitsachse 4 auf der gleichen Höhe wie die Bodenplatte 20, d.h. in radialer Richtung in unmittelbarer Verlängerung der Bodenplatte 20. Die Bodenplatte 20 kann gleiche oder unterschiedliche axiale Abmessungen im Bereich des Kragens 19 oder auf der Höhe des Arbeitsachse 4 haben. Der topfförmige Grundkörper 16 ist vorzugsweise ein monolithischer Körper. Die Bodenplatte 20 und die Seitenwand 21 sind ohne Fügezonen miteinander verbunden, insbesondere nicht miteinander verschweißt, verklebt, verschraubt, verrastet. Der Grundkörper 16 besteht vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff, beispielsweise aus einem Thermoplast. Der Kunststoff ist vorzugsweise auch bei Temperaturen zwischen 100 °C und 150 °C steif, damit die Bodenplatte 20 bei der Kompression der pneumatischen Kammer 23 nicht nachgibt. Polyphthalamide (PPA) oder strahlenvernetzte Polyamide sind besonders geeignete Beispiele Der Thermoplast kann durch Zusätze verstärkt sein. Duroplaste scheinen weniger geeignet. Der Grundkörper 16 kann als Spritzgusskörper hergestellt sein. Der Mantelkörper 17 ist im Wesentlichen ein Rohr, z.B. ein hohler Zylinder. Der Mantelkörper 17 ist auf die Seitenwand 21 des Grundkörpers 16 aufgesetzt. Die Seitenwand 21 zentriert den Mantelkörper 17. Der Mantelkörper 17 liegt vorzugsweise in radialer Richtung formschlüssig an der Seitenwand 21 an. Eine Wandstärke des Mantelkörpers 17 entspricht im Wesentlichen der radialen Abmessung des Kragens 19. Der Mantelkörper 17 hat im Wesentlichen die Form eines Extrusionskörpers des Kragens 19 längs der Arbeitsachse 4. Die radiale Innenabmessung des Mantelkörpers 17 ist entsprechend gleich zu der radialen Außenabmessung 25 der Seitenwand 21. Die Abmessungen sind beispielsweise unter Berücksichtigung der typischen Fertigungstoleranzen identisch. Die Außenfläche 26 des Mantelkörpers 17 bildet die Führungsfläche des Erregerkolbens 13. Die Außenfläche 26 liegt an der Innenfläche 15 des Führungsrohrs 14 an. Der Außendurchmesser 24 des Mantelkörpers 17 ist entsprechend gleich dem Innendurchmesser des Führungsrohrs 14. Die Außenfläche 26 ist vorzugsweise zylindrisch. Der Mantelkörper 17 ist entlang der Arbeitsachse 4 von der Bodenplatte 20, d.h. dem Kragen 19, beabstandet. Der Kragen 19 und der Mantelkörper 17 schließen zwischen sich eine ringförmig umlaufende Rille 27 ab. Die Flächen der Rille 27 werden in Schlagrichtung 10 durch den Kragen 19, in radialer Richtung durch die Seitenwand 21 und entgegen der Schlagrichtung 10 durch eine Stirnfläche des Mantelkörpers 17 gebildet. Die Rille 27 ist auf ihrem gesamten Umfang längs der Arbeitsachse 4 und in radialer Richtung zu der Arbeitsachse 4 hin geschlossen. Luft kann in die Rille 27 nur von radial außen eintreten bzw. austreten. Ein Abstand des Mantelkörpers 17 von der Bodenplatte 20, d.h. die Breite der Rille, entspricht etwa der axialen Abmessung, z.B. dem Schnurdurchmesser, des Dichtrings 18. Der Dichtring 18 kann an dem Kragen 19 und der Stirnfläche 28 des Mantelkörpers 17 anliegen, oder ist nur durch einen Luftspalt von dem Kragen 19 oder der Stirnfläche 28 separiert. Der Mantelkörper 17 kann mit dem Grundkörper 16 verrasten, um den Mantelkörper 17 axial auf dem Grundkörper 16 zu sichern. Der beispielhafte Mantelkörper 17 hat eine Klinke 29, welche in radialer Richtung von der Arbeitsachse 4 weg auslenkbar ist. Der Mantelkörper 17 ist beispielsweise angrenzend an die Klinke 29 geschlitzt. Die Schlitze bilden einen Arm 30 aus, an dessen Ende die Klinke 29 ist. Der Arm bildet ein elastisch auslenkbares Festkörpergelenk. Die Seitenwand 21 des Grundkörpers 16 ist mit einer Vertiefung 31 versehen, in welche die Klinke 29 eingreift. Die Klinke 29 hat vorzugsweise ein geringes axiales Spiel in der Vertiefung und sichert den Mantelkörper 17 an dem Grundkörper 16. Eine Abmessung der Vertiefung 31 längs der Arbeitsachse 4 kann hierfür gleich der Abmessung der Klinke 29 längs der Arbeitsachse 4 sein. Die Vertiefung 31 kann durch einen umlaufend Schlitz, eine umlaufende Nut, ein Loch oder eine kalottenförmige Ausnehmung gebildet sein. The radial outer dimension, for example, the outer diameter 25 of the side wall 21 is less than the radial outer dimension, for example, the outer diameter 24, the bottom plate 20. The bottom plate 20 is characterized over the side wall 21 radially over. The radially projecting ring is referred to here as a collar 19. The collar 19 is preferably along the working axis 4 at the same height as the bottom plate 20, ie in the radial direction in the immediate extension of the bottom plate 20. The bottom plate 20 may have the same or different axial dimensions in the region of the collar 19 or at the height of the working axis. 4 to have. The pot-shaped basic body 16 is preferably a monolithic body. The bottom plate 20 and the side wall 21 are connected to each other without joining zones, in particular not welded together, glued, screwed, locked. The base body 16 is preferably made of plastic, for example of a thermoplastic. The plastic is preferably stiff even at temperatures between 100 ° C and 150 ° C, so that the bottom plate 20 does not yield during the compression of the pneumatic chamber 23. Polyphthalamides (PPA) or radiation-crosslinked polyamides are particularly suitable examples. The thermoplastic may be reinforced by additives. Thermosets seem less suitable. The main body 16 may be made as an injection molded body. The sheath body 17 is essentially a tube, eg a hollow cylinder. The sheath body 17 is placed on the side wall 21 of the base body 16. The side wall 21 centers the jacket body 17. The jacket body 17 is preferably in the radial direction positively against the side wall 21. The wall body 17 essentially has the shape of an extrusion body of the collar 19 along the working axis 4. The radial inner dimension of the jacket body 17 is correspondingly equal to the radial outside dimension 25 of the side wall 21 The dimensions are identical, for example, taking into account the typical manufacturing tolerances. The outer surface 26 of the sheath body 17 forms the guide surface of the exciter piston 13. The outer surface 26 abuts against the inner surface 15 of the guide tube 14. The outer diameter 24 of the sheath body 17 is correspondingly equal to the inner diameter of the guide tube 14. The outer surface 26 is preferably cylindrical. The sheath body 17 is along the working axis 4 of the bottom plate 20, that is, the collar 19, spaced. The collar 19 and the jacket body 17 close between them an annular circumferential groove 27. The surfaces of the groove 27 are formed in the direction of impact 10 by the collar 19, in the radial direction by the side wall 21 and counter to the direction of impact 10 by an end face of the sheath body 17. The groove 27 is closed along its entire circumference along the working axis 4 and in the radial direction to the working axis 4 out. Air can only enter or exit the groove 27 from radially outside. A distance of the sheath body 17 from the bottom plate 20, ie the width of the groove corresponds approximately to the axial dimension, eg the cord diameter, of the sealing ring 18. The sealing ring 18 can rest on the collar 19 and the end face 28 of the sheath body 17, or is only separated by an air gap of the collar 19 or the end face 28. The sheath body 17 can lock with the base body 16 in order to secure the sheath body 17 axially on the base body 16. The exemplary sheath body 17 has a pawl 29 which is deflectable in the radial direction away from the working axis 4. The sheath body 17 is slotted, for example, adjacent to the pawl 29. The slots form an arm 30, at the end of the pawl 29 is. The arm forms an elastically deflectable solid-body joint. The side wall 21 of the base body 16 is provided with a recess 31, in which the pawl 29 engages. The pawl 29 preferably has a slight axial play in the recess and secures the jacket body 17 to the base body 16. A dimension of the recess 31 along the working axis 4 can be equal to the dimension of the pawl 29 along the working axis 4 for this purpose. The recess 31 may be formed by a circumferential slot, a circumferential groove, a hole or a dome-shaped recess.
Die Klinke 29 kann durch radiales Auslenken außer Eingriff mit der Vertiefung 31 gebracht werden. Die Klinke 29 steht bei der Auslenkung über die Außenfläche 26 hinaus. Der Außendurchmesser des Mantelkörpers 17 ist bei ausgelenkter Klinke 29 größer als der Innendurchmesser des Führungsrohrs 14. Entsprechend ist die Klinke 29 gegen ein Auslenken und Lösen gesichert, wenn der Erregerkolben 13 in dem Führungsrohr 14 angeordnet ist. Der Mantelkörper 17 kann in alternativen Ausführungsformen mit dem Grundkörper 16 verschraubt sein. Beispielsweise sind die Innenfläche des Mantelkörpers 17 und die Außenfläche der Seitenwand 21 mit entsprechenden Gewinden versehen. Das Gewinde kann auch in Ergänzung zu der Klinke 29 verwendet werden. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung können der Mantelkörper 17 und der Grundkörper 16 verklebt oder verschweißt werden. Der Mantelkörper 17 ist vorzugsweise ein monolithischer Körper. Der Mantelkörper 17 ist nicht aus über Fügezonen verbundene Elemente zusammengesetzt, insbesondere nicht aus miteinander verschweißten, verklebten, verschraubten oder anderweitig miteinander mechanisch verbundenen Elementen. Der Mantelkörper 17 besteht vorzugsweise aus einem Kunststoff, beispielsweise aus einem einzigen Thermoplast. Der Kunststoff des Mantelkörpers 17 kann verschieden von dem Kunststoff des Grundkörpers 16 sein. Für den Mantelkörper 17 eignen sich Polyamide aufgrund ihrer hohen Abriebfestigkeit und relative einfachen Verarbeitbarkeit. Das Polyamid kann mit Teflon (Polytetrafluorethylen, PTFE), Graphit oder Molybdändisulfid (MoS2) versetzt sein, um den Reibwert weiter zu verbessern. Der Mantelkörper 17 kann als Spritzgusskörper hergestellt werden. The pawl 29 can be brought out of engagement with the recess 31 by radial deflection. The pawl 29 protrudes beyond the outer surface 26 during the deflection. The outer diameter of the sheath body 17 is at deflected pawl 29 is greater than the inner diameter of the guide tube 14. Accordingly, the pawl 29 is secured against deflection and release when the exciter piston 13 is arranged in the guide tube 14. The sheath body 17 may be bolted to the base 16 in alternative embodiments. For example, the inner surface of the sheath body 17 and the outer surface of the side wall 21 are provided with corresponding threads. The thread can also be used in addition to the pawl 29. In a further embodiment, the sheath body 17 and the base body 16 can be glued or welded. The sheath body 17 is preferably a monolithic body. The sheath body 17 is not composed of elements connected via joining zones, in particular not welded together, glued, screwed or otherwise mechanically interconnected elements. The sheath body 17 is preferably made of a plastic, for example, a single thermoplastic. The plastic of the sheath body 17 may be different from the plastic of the base body 16. For the sheath body 17 are suitable polyamides because of their high abrasion resistance and relative ease of processing. The polyamide may be treated with Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE), graphite or molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) to further improve the coefficient of friction. The jacket body 17 can be produced as an injection molded body.
Der Dichtring 18 sitzt auf der Seitenwand 21 des Grundkörpers 16. Der Dichtring 18 ist umfänglich geschlossen. Der Dichtring 18 wird bei der Montage über die Seitenwand 21 bis angrenzend an die Bodenplatte 20 aufgeschoben. Dem Dichtring 18 folgend wird der Mantelkörper 17 in Schlagrichtung 10 auf die Seitenwand 21 aufgeschoben. Der Innendurchmesser des Dichtrings 18 ist vorzugweise gleich oder etwas größer wie der Außendurchmesser der Seitenwand 21 , jedoch geringer als der Durchmesser der Bodenplatte 20 und geringer als der Außendurchmesser des Mantelkörpers 17. Der Dichtring 18 ist längs der Arbeitsachse 4 zwischen der Bodenplatte 20 und dem Mantelkörper 17 gefangen. Der Dichtring 18 steht vorzugsweise radial etwas über die Bodenplatte 20 und den Mantelkörper 17 hinaus. Der Dichtring 18 liegt unter einer radialen Vorspannung luftdicht an der Innenfläche 15 des Führungsrohrs 14 an. The sealing ring 18 is seated on the side wall 21 of the main body 16. The sealing ring 18 is circumferentially closed. The sealing ring 18 is pushed during assembly on the side wall 21 to adjacent to the bottom plate 20. Following the sealing ring 18, the jacket body 17 is pushed onto the side wall 21 in the direction of impact 10. The inner diameter of the sealing ring 18 is preferably equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the side wall 21, but less than the diameter of the bottom plate 20 and smaller than the outer diameter of the shell body 17. The sealing ring 18 is along the working axis 4 between the bottom plate 20 and the shell body 17 caught. The sealing ring 18 is preferably slightly radially beyond the bottom plate 20 and the shell body 17. The sealing ring 18 is airtight under a radial bias on the inner surface 15 of the guide tube 14 at.
Der Dichtring 18 kann einen Innendurchmesser aufweisen, der etwas größer als der Außendurchmesser 25 der Seitenwand 21 ist. Zwischen dem Dichtring 18 und dem Grundkörper 16 ergibt sich ein Spalt in radialer Richtung, in welchen der Dichtring 18 einfedern kann. Ein zusätzliches Dichtelement 32 kann in radialer Richtung zwischen dem Mantelkörper 17 und der Seitenwand 21 angeordnet sein. Das Dichtelement 32 dichtet die radiale Innenfläche des Mantelkörpers 17 gegenüber der radialen Außenfläche der Seitenwand 21 ab. Das Dichtelement 32 unterbindet einen Luftaustausch von der Rille 27 in den inneren Hohlraum des Erregerkolbens 13. Das Dichtelement 32 kann wie dargestellt ein O-Ring sein, oder unter anderem alternativ durch einen Presssitz, durch Lamellen an der radialen Innenfläche des Mantelkörpers 17, durch Lamellen an der radialen Außenfläche der Seitenwand 21 gebildet sein. The sealing ring 18 may have an inner diameter which is slightly larger than the outer diameter 25 of the side wall 21. Between the sealing ring 18 and the base body 16 results in a gap in the radial direction, in which the sealing ring 18 can deflect. An additional sealing element 32 may be arranged in the radial direction between the jacket body 17 and the side wall 21. The sealing element 32 seals the radial inner surface of the jacket body 17 with respect to the radial outer surface of the side wall 21. The sealing element 32 prevents an exchange of air from the groove 27 in the inner cavity of the excitation piston 13. The sealing element 32 may be an O-ring as shown, or inter alia alternatively by a press fit, by lamellae on the Radial inner surface of the sheath body 17, be formed by fins on the radial outer surface of the side wall 21.
Der Dichtring 18 ist vorzugsweise ein monolithischer Körper. Der Dichtring 18 besteht beispielsweise aus Nitrilkautschuk, beispielsweise durchgehend aus einem einzigen Kunststoff. Der Dichtrings 18 kann als Spritzgusskörper hergestellt werden. Der Dichtring 18 hat vorzugsweise eine Härte von mehr als 85 Shore, beispielsweise mehr als 90 Shore, höchstens 95 Shore. Der Dichtring 18 hat eine relativ hohe Steifigkeit, welche eine dauerhafte Abdichtung an dem Führungsrohr 14 ermöglicht. Ein Dichtring 18 dieser Härte ist zwar ausreichend elastisch verformbar, um Unebenheiten des Führungsrohrs 14 auszugleichen. Jedoch wird der Dichtring 18 bereits beim Dehnung des Innendurchmessers des Dichtrings 18 auf den Außendurchmesser des Mantelkörpers 17 signifikant verformt. Die verbleibende plastische Dehnung nach der Streckung ist größer als 0,2%. Der Dichtring 18 kann daher bei der Montage nicht über den vormontierten Mantelkörper 17 aufgeschoben werden, ohne dabei beschädigt zu werden. Für eine solche Montage ist ein weicherer Dichtring 18 mit einer Härte zwischen 70 Shore und 80 Shore notwendig. The sealing ring 18 is preferably a monolithic body. The sealing ring 18 consists for example of nitrile rubber, for example, continuously from a single plastic. The sealing ring 18 can be produced as an injection molded body. The sealing ring 18 preferably has a hardness of more than 85 Shore, for example more than 90 Shore, at most 95 Shore. The sealing ring 18 has a relatively high rigidity, which allows a permanent seal on the guide tube 14. Although a sealing ring 18 of this hardness is sufficiently elastically deformable to compensate for unevenness of the guide tube 14. However, the sealing ring 18 is already significantly deformed during the expansion of the inner diameter of the sealing ring 18 to the outer diameter of the sheath body 17. The residual plastic strain after stretching is greater than 0.2%. The sealing ring 18 can therefore not be pushed over the pre-assembled jacket body 17 during assembly, without being damaged. For such a mounting a softer sealing ring 18 with a hardness between 70 Shore and 80 Shore is necessary.
Ein anderes bevorzugtes Material für den Dichtring 18 ist Polyphthalamid. Alternativ kann der Dichtring 18 auch aus einer Messinglegierung hergestellt sein. Another preferred material for the sealing ring 18 is polyphthalamide. Alternatively, the sealing ring 18 may also be made of a brass alloy.
Innerhalb des Erregerkolbens 13 ist ein Lager für einen Pleuel 33 ausgebildet. Das beispielhafte Lager ist durch eine erste Lagerschale 34 und eine zweite Lagerschale 35 gebildet, die längs der Arbeitsachse 4 zwischen sich einen Bolzen 36 lagern. Der Bolzen 36 ist in den Lagerschalen 34, 35 um eine zu der Arbeitsachse 4 senkrechte Schwenkachse schwenkbar. Der Pleuel 33 ist an dem Bolzen 36 aufgehängt. Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der Bolzen 36 monolithisch mit dem Pleuel 33 ausgebildet. Die beiden Lagerschalen 34, 35 liegen innerhalb des topfförmigen Grundkörpers 16. Die Seitenwand 21 umfasst die Lagerschalen 35. Der Mantelkörper 17 sichert mittels einer Deckplatte 37 die beiden Lagerschalen 34, 35. Alternativ kann die zweite Lagerschale 35 als Teil des Mantelkörpers 17 ausgebildet sein. Within the exciter piston 13, a bearing for a connecting rod 33 is formed. The exemplary bearing is formed by a first bearing shell 34 and a second bearing shell 35, which store along the working axis 4 between them a bolt 36. The bolt 36 is pivotable in the bearing shells 34, 35 about a pivot axis perpendicular to the working axis 4. The connecting rod 33 is suspended on the bolt 36. In the illustrated embodiment, the bolt 36 is monolithically formed with the connecting rod 33. The two bearing shells 34, 35 are within the cup-shaped base body 16. The side wall 21 includes the bearing shells 35. The sheath body 17 secures by means of a cover plate 37, the two bearing shells 34, 35. Alternatively, the second bearing shell 35 may be formed as part of the sheath body 17.
Der Schläger 9 ist in dem Führungsrohr 14 angeordnet. Der Schläger 9 ist durch das Führungsrohr 14 längs der Arbeitsachse 4 geführt. Der Schläger 9 liegt in Schlagrichtung 10 nach dem Erregerkolben 13. Der Schläger 9 liegt bündig an der Innenfläche 15 des Führungsrohrs 14 an. Das Querschnittsprofil des Schlägers 9 entspricht dem Hohlprofil des Führungsrohrs 14. Der Schläger 9 verschließt das Führungsrohr 14 in der Schlagrichtung 10. Der Erregerkolben 13 und der Schläger 9 schließen längs der Arbeitsachse 4 eine pneumatische Kammer 23 ab. Die pneumatische Kammer 23 liegt zwischen dem Erregerkolben 13 und dem Schläger 9. Die pneumatische Kammer 23 bildet die Luftfeder, welche die Bewegung des Schlägers 9 an die Bewegung des Erregerkolbens 13 ankoppelt. Das Führungsrohr 14 schließt die pneumatische Kammer 23 in radialer Richtung ab. The racket 9 is arranged in the guide tube 14. The racket 9 is guided by the guide tube 14 along the working axis 4. The racket 9 is located in the direction of impact 10 after the exciter piston 13. The racket 9 is flush with the inner surface 15 of the guide tube 14 at. The cross-sectional profile of the racket 9 corresponds to the hollow profile of the guide tube 14. The racket 9 closes the guide tube 14 in the direction of impact 10th The excitation piston 13 and the racket 9 close along the working axis 4 from a pneumatic chamber 23. The pneumatic chamber 23 is located between the excitation piston 13 and the racket 9. The pneumatic chamber 23 forms the air spring, which couples the movement of the racket 9 to the movement of the exciter piston 13. The guide tube 14 closes off the pneumatic chamber 23 in the radial direction.
Der Erregerkolben 13 ist über einen Antriebsstrang 38 an den Elektromotor 12 angebunden. Der Antriebsstrang 38 beinhaltet eine Umsetzer 39, welcher die Rotationsbewegung des Elektromotors 12 in eine Translationsbewegung wandelt. Der beispielhafte dargestellte Umsetzer 39 basiert auf einem von dem Elektromotor 12 angetriebenen Exzenterrad und das in dem Erregerkolben 13 verankerte Pleuel 33. Eine alternative Ausgestaltung nutzt statt einem Exzenterrad eine Taumelscheibe, an die das Pleuel 33 angreift. Der Antriebsstrang 38 kann ferner ein untersetzendes Getriebe 40 und Schutzmechanismen, z.B. eine Rutschkupplung 41 , enthalten. Die mechanische und starre Anbindung des Erregerkolbens 13 an den Elektromotor 12 gewährleistet eine synchrone Bewegung von Elektromotor 12 und Erregerkolben 13. The excitation piston 13 is connected via a drive train 38 to the electric motor 12. The powertrain 38 includes a converter 39 which converts the rotational motion of the electric motor 12 into a translational motion. The exemplified converter 39 is based on an eccentric wheel driven by the electric motor 12 and the connecting rod 33 anchored in the excitation piston 13. An alternative embodiment uses a swash plate instead of an eccentric wheel, to which the connecting rod 33 acts. The powertrain 38 may further include a reduction gear 40 and protective mechanisms, e.g. a slip clutch 41, included. The mechanical and rigid connection of the excitation piston 13 to the electric motor 12 ensures a synchronous movement of the electric motor 12 and the exciter piston 13.
Der Elektromotor 12 wird durch die Energieversorgung gespeist. Der Elektromotor 12 kann ein Universalmotor, ein mechanisch kommutierender Elektromotor 12 oder ein elektrisch kommutierender Elektromotor 12 sein. Der Anwender kann den Elektromotor 12 mit einem Betriebstaster 42 ein- und ausschalten. Der Betriebstaster 42 ist an oder nahe dem Handgriff 5 angeordnet und kann vorzugsweise von der den Handgriff 5 haltenden Hand betätigt werden. Fig. 4 zeigt einen weiteren Erregerkolben 13. Der Erregerkolben 13 hat den Grundkörper 16, den Mantelkörper 17 und den Dichtring 18. Der Mantelkörper 17 hat radial nach innen vorstehende Nasen 43, welche in eine entsprechende Öffnung des Grundkörpers 16 eingreifen können. Der Seitenwand 21 ist in dem Bereich soweit elastisch, das der Mantelkörper 17 unter Verbiegen der Seitenwand 21 aufgeschoben werden kann. Sobald die Nasen 43 auf der Höhe der Öffnung sind, kehrt die Seitenwand 21 in ihre Ursprungsform zurück und verrastet die Nasen 43. The electric motor 12 is powered by the power supply. The electric motor 12 may be a universal motor, a mechanically commutating electric motor 12, or an electrically commutating electric motor 12. The user can switch the electric motor 12 on and off with an operating button 42. The operating button 42 is arranged on or near the handle 5 and can preferably be operated by the hand holding the handle 5. The excitation piston 13 has the main body 16, the sheath body 17 and the sealing ring 18. The sheath body 17 has radially inwardly projecting lugs 43, which can engage in a corresponding opening 16 of the base body. The side wall 21 is so far elastic in the area that the jacket body 17 can be pushed by bending the side wall 21. Once the lugs 43 are at the height of the opening, the side wall 21 returns to its original shape and locks the lugs 43rd
Der Mantelkörper 17 ist in radialer Richtung luftdicht mit der Seitenwand 21 des Grundkörpers 16 verbunden. Die beispielhafte Ausführung nutzt dazu Lamellen 44, welche an der Innenseite des Mantelkörpers 17 ausgebildet sind. Die Lamellen 44 können alternativ oder zusätzlich an der Seitenwand 21 vorgesehen sein. The jacket body 17 is airtight in the radial direction with the side wall 21 of the base body 16. The exemplary embodiment uses for this purpose fins 44, which are formed on the inside of the sheath body 17. The fins 44 may alternatively or additionally be provided on the side wall 21.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1 . Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) mit 1 . Hand tool (1) with
einem Werkzeughalter (2) zum Aufnehmen und Verriegeln eines Werkzeugs (3), einem pneumatischen Schlagwerk (8), das auf einer Arbeitsachse (4) einen a tool holder (2) for receiving and locking a tool (3), a pneumatic impact mechanism (8), on a working axis (4) a
Erregerkolben (13), einen Schläger (9) und eine zwischen dem Erregerkolben (13) und dem Schläger (9) abgeschlossene pneumatische Kammer (23) aufweist, Exciter piston (13), a racket (9) and a between the excitation piston (13) and the racket (9) completed pneumatic chamber (23),
einem Motor (12) zum Antreiben des Erregerkolbens (13),  a motor (12) for driving the excitation piston (13),
wobei der Erregerkolben (13) einen topfformigen Grundkörper (16), einen Dichtring (18) und einen rohrförmigen Mantelkörper (17) aufweist,  the exciter piston (13) having a pot-shaped main body (16), a sealing ring (18) and a tubular jacket body (17),
wobei der topfformige Grundkörper (16) eine die Arbeitsachse (4) umschließende Seitenwand (21 ) und einen in radialer Richtung gegenüber der Seitenwand (21 ) vorstehenden Kragen (19) aufweist,  the pot-shaped base body (16) having a working axis (4) enclosing the side wall (21) and a radially opposite the side wall (21) projecting collar (19),
wobei der hohlzylindrische Mantelkörper (17) auf dem Grundkörper (16) die Seitenwand (21 ) umgebend und durch eine Rille (27) längs der Arbeitsachse (4) von dem Kragen wherein the hollow cylindrical jacket body (17) on the base body (16) surrounding the side wall (21) and by a groove (27) along the working axis (4) of the collar
(19) beabstandet angeordnet ist, und (19) is arranged spaced, and
wobei der Dichtring (18) in der Rille (27) angeordnet ist.  wherein the sealing ring (18) in the groove (27) is arranged.
2. Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ringförmig um den Seitenwand (21 ) umlaufende Rille (27) längs der Arbeitsachse (4) in2. Hand tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular around the side wall (21) encircling groove (27) along the working axis (4) in
Richtung zu dem Schläger (9) durch den Kragen (19) des Grundkörpers (16), in radialer Richtung zu der Arbeitsachse (4) durch die Seitenwand (21 ) des Grundkörpers (16) und längs der Arbeitsachse (4) dem Kragen (19) gegenüberliegend durch eine Stirnfläche (28) des Mantelkörpers (17) abgeschlossen ist. Direction to the racket (9) through the collar (19) of the base body (16), in the radial direction to the working axis (4) through the side wall (21) of the base body (16) and along the working axis (4) the collar (19 ) is completed opposite by an end face (28) of the jacket body (17).
3. Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring (18) unmittelbar an dem Kragen (19) und an der Stirnfläche (28) anliegt oder durch einen Luftspalt von dem Kragen (19) und der Stirnfläche (28) getrennt ist. 3. Hand tool (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the sealing ring (18) directly on the collar (19) and on the end face (28) abuts or by an air gap of the collar (19) and the end face (28). is disconnected.
4. Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring (18) aus einem Kunststoff mit einer Härte von wenigstens 85 Shore oder einer Messinglegierung besteht. 4. Hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing ring (18) consists of a plastic having a hardness of at least 85 Shore or a brass alloy.
5. Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundkörper (16) und der Mantelkörper (17) aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen bestehen. Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundkörper (16) eine Bodenplatte (20) aufweist, welche schlagerseitig von der Seitenwand (21 ) angeordnet ist, und die Bodenplatte (20) und der Kragen (19) in einer Ebene liegen. 5. Hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (16) and the jacket body (17) consist of different materials. Hand tool (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (16) has a bottom plate (20) which is Schlager side of the side wall (21) is arranged, and the bottom plate (20) and the collar (19) in lie on a plane.
Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Innenfläche (15) des Mantelkörpers (17) bündig an einer Außenfläche der Seitenwand (21 ) anliegt. Powered hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an inner surface (15) of the jacket body (17) rests flush against an outer surface of the side wall (21).
Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Dichtelement (32) in radialer Richtung zwischen der Innenfläche (15) des Mantelkörpers (17) und der Außenfläche der Seitenwand (21 ) angeordnet ist. Hand tool (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that a sealing element (32) in the radial direction between the inner surface (15) of the jacket body (17) and the outer surface of the side wall (21) is arranged.
Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mantelkörper (17) mittels eines mechanischen Verschlusses an der Seitenwand (21 ) verriegelt ist. Hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the jacket body (17) is locked by means of a mechanical closure on the side wall (21).
Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mantelkörper (17) mit der Seitenwand (21 ) verklebt oder verschweißt ist. Powered hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the jacket body (17) with the side wall (21) is glued or welded.
Handwerkzeugmaschine (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seitenwand (21 ) einen zylindrischen Hohlraum umschließt, in welchem ein Lager (34, 35) für ein Pleuel (33) angeordnet ist. Powered hand tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side wall (21) encloses a cylindrical cavity in which a bearing (34, 35) for a connecting rod (33) is arranged.
EP17733771.4A 2016-06-24 2017-06-20 Handheld machine tool Active EP3475031B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2017/065060 WO2017220561A1 (en) 2016-06-24 2017-06-20 Hand-held machine tool

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EP4371709A1 (en) * 2022-11-15 2024-05-22 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Striking mechanism for a hand-held electric machine tool

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EP3722048B1 (en) 2022-01-12
CN109311145A (en) 2019-02-05
WO2017220561A1 (en) 2017-12-28
EP3475031B1 (en) 2020-05-13
EP3722048A1 (en) 2020-10-14
US20190184538A1 (en) 2019-06-20
US11117250B2 (en) 2021-09-14
EP3260239A1 (en) 2017-12-27
CN109311145B (en) 2022-02-25

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