EP2522467A1 - Hand-held machine tool - Google Patents

Hand-held machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2522467A1
EP2522467A1 EP12163528A EP12163528A EP2522467A1 EP 2522467 A1 EP2522467 A1 EP 2522467A1 EP 12163528 A EP12163528 A EP 12163528A EP 12163528 A EP12163528 A EP 12163528A EP 2522467 A1 EP2522467 A1 EP 2522467A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insert
exciter
racket
base body
hand tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12163528A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2522467B1 (en
Inventor
Markus Hartmann
Aaron Wiedner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP2522467A1 publication Critical patent/EP2522467A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2522467B1 publication Critical patent/EP2522467B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/06—Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2211/00—Details of portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D2211/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D2211/068—Crank-actuated impulse-driving mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/0011—Details of anvils, guide-sleeves or pistons
    • B25D2217/0023—Pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
    • B25D2222/21—Metals
    • B25D2222/42—Steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
    • B25D2222/54—Plastics
    • B25D2222/57—Elastomers, e.g. rubber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hand tool machine with a pneumatic impact mechanism, in particular a hand tool that is turning or merely chiseling.
  • the volume of the pneumatic chamber places high demands on the tolerances of production. Touching the exciter and the club results in a failure of the impact mechanism.
  • the distance between the exciter and the club is reduced to about 1 mm during the compression of the air spring in order to build up the pressure of 20 bar required for the required impact performance.
  • the high pressure leads to a local deformation of the impact mechanism, for example, moves and deforms a gudgeon around the racket sealing ring.
  • the mechanical and thermal continuous load of the elastic sealing ring causes it to age, making it more resilient to displacement. Even a slight shift can lead to a sufficient displacement of the volume of the air spring with a subsequent punctual contact of exciters and clubs.
  • the portable power tool according to the invention with a pneumatic impact mechanism has a motor-driven exciter, a guide tube and a piston-shaped racket.
  • the piston-shaped racket is guided through an inner surface of the guide tube along a working axis and includes in the guide tube with the exciter an air spring completes.
  • the racket has a pot-shaped base body with a path to the open-facing cavity and a cavity filling insert.
  • the main body is made of a first material having a first density and the insert of a material having a second density which is lower than the first density.
  • the lower density of the insert allows to reduce the mass of the racket with the same end face.
  • the cup-shaped shape of the preferably rigid body ensures that the insert does not deform under the action of the air spring during compression. Furthermore, the use is subject to only low mechanical loads, because it is protected at the impact on the surrounding body in the direction of impact and the circumferential direction. It is also ensured by the completely filling insert that no parasitic air pockets between insert and body are connected to the pneumatic chamber. In particular, when the insert is formed from an elastomer. A distance between pathogen and bat is maintained during compression.
  • the base body surrounds the insert in the radial direction and in a direction away from the air spring direction.
  • the base body completely surrounds in these directions, at least 95% of the surface of the insert facing in the radial direction and in the direction of impact touch the base body.
  • the shape of the insert is predetermined and supported in all directions except for the direction opposite to the direction of impact by the body.
  • the insert terminates flush with an end of the base body facing the pathogen, or the insert projects beyond the base body counter to the direction of impact by less than 1 mm.
  • a formed by the body and the insert, the pathogen-facing surface may be flat.
  • an exciter facing, preferably convex, surface of the insert with respect to a radial direction may be inclined by less than 10 degrees.
  • an embodiment provides that the insert is cylindrical and a diameter of the insert is between 50% and 75% of an inner diameter of the guide tube.
  • a volume fraction of the insert on the racket is between 25% and 75%.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a hammer drill 1 as an example of a chiseling hand tool .
  • the hammer drill 1 has a tool holder 2, in which a shank end 3 of a tool, for example one of the drill bit 4, can be used.
  • a primary drive of the hammer drill 1 is a motor 5, which drives a striking mechanism 6 and an output shaft 7 .
  • a user can guide the hammer drill 1 by means of a handle 8 and take means of a system switch 9, the hammer drill 1 is in operation.
  • the hammer drill 1 rotates the drill bit 4 continuously about a working axis 10 and can beat the drill bit 4 in the direction of impact 11 along the working axis 10 in a substrate.
  • the percussion 6 is a pneumatic percussion 6.
  • An exciter 12 and a racket 13 are guided in the percussion 6 along the working axis 10 movable.
  • the exciter 12 is coupled via an eccentric 14 or a wobble finger to the motor 5 and forced to a periodic, linear movement.
  • An air spring formed by a pneumatic chamber 15 between exciter 12 and racket 13 couples a movement of the racket 13 to the movement of the exciter 12 at.
  • the bat 13 can strike directly on a rear end of the drill bit 4 or indirectly via a substantially resting intermediate beater 16 (striker) a portion of its impulse on the drill bit. 4 transfer.
  • the striking mechanism 6 and preferably the further drive components are arranged within a machine housing 17 .
  • the exemplary exciter 12 is designed as a piston which is moved back and forth in the cylindrical guide tube 20 .
  • the racket 13 is also designed as a piston. Both the exciter 12 and the racket 13 close with their radial outer surfaces airtight with an inner surface 21 of the guide tube 20 from.
  • the exciter 12 is rigidly connected to the guide tube 20 . Both the exciter 12 and the guide tube 20 are moved back and forth by the motor 5 .
  • the cup-shaped structure of exciter 12 and the guide tube 20 may be suspended in a movable bearing.
  • the racket 13 is disposed within the guide tube 20 , similar to the previous embodiments, and is accelerated by the air spring 15 between the exciter 12 and the racket 13 .
  • Fig. 2 shows in a longitudinal section an exemplary racket 13.
  • the racket 13 is in two parts from a cup-shaped base body 30 and an interior of the main body 30 completely filling insert 31 is formed.
  • the base body 30 is preferably made of a steel
  • the insert 31 is made of a material with a lower density than steel, for example a density less than 5.0 g / cm3.
  • a preferred material for use are elastomers, eg, nitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (HNBR), fluoroaluminum (FPM, FKM).
  • the insert 31 is formed without air pockets, in particular not as a foam, but its volume is completely filled by the material, whereby the insert 31 is incompressible.
  • a surface 32 of the insert 31 facing the direction of impact 11 is exposed. All other sections of the surface of the insert 31, for example a surface 33 pointing in the direction of impact 11 , a lateral surface 34, touch an inner surface of the base body 30.
  • a shape of the insert 31 is predetermined by a cavity 35 of the cup-shaped main body 30 . Neither the forces when striking the striker 16 nor the pressure during compression of the air spring deform the insert 31.
  • the elastic construction of the insert 31 allows in a secure manner a complete filling of the cavity 35. Even small air bubbles between the insert 31 and the base body 30 can be avoided.
  • the pot-shaped shape of the base body 30 includes an annular closed wall 36 which surrounds the cavity 35 circumferentially.
  • a floor 37 adjoins the wall 36 in Impact direction 11 and closes the cavity 35 in the direction of impact 11.
  • the single opening 38 of the cavity 35 thus points in a direction opposite to the direction of impact 11th
  • the exemplary wall 36 may be formed by a hollow cylinder, ie with a cylindrical inner wall 39 and a coaxial cylindrical outer surface 40 .
  • the outer surface 40 is guided along the working axis 10 on the inner surface 21 of the guide tube 20 at.
  • a length 41 of the cylindrical portion 36, ie its dimension along the working axis 10, is preferably slightly larger than a diameter 42 of the base body 30.
  • a ratio of length 41 to diameter 42 is for example in the range between 0.8 and 1.2, in order to prevent tilting of the racket 13 in the guide tube 20 .
  • the outer surface 40 is preferably fully cylindrical, in an alternative embodiment composed of cylindrical segments.
  • a wall thickness 43 of the wall 36 is, for example, in the range between 10% and 40% of the diameter 42 of the main body 30.
  • the floor 37 may have a flat or curved inner surface 44 .
  • a plunger 45 At the direction of impact 11 facing outside of the bottom 37 may be formed into a plunger 45 .
  • the plunger 45 is essentially a full, cylindrical rod.
  • the plunger 45 is thinner than the base body 30, and a diameter 46 of the plunger 45 is for example in the range between 30% and 50% of the diameter 42 of the base body 30 or bat 13.
  • the diameter 46 is oriented on the diameter of the hammer drill 1 provided tools.
  • the base body 30 may have a radial puncture in the wall 36 or a piercing in the bottom 37 , which allows the introduction of the insert 31, a leakage of air.
  • a cross-sectional area of the puncture is smaller by at least an order of magnitude than an end face of the main body 30, for example less than 1 mm 2 or less than 1% of the cross-sectional area.
  • the insert 31 contacts the entire inner surface 44 of the bottom 37 and the entire inner surface 39 of the wall 36.
  • the exposed surface 46 of the insert 31 is preferably planar and terminates flush with the end 47 of the base body 30 .
  • the entire rear surface of the racket 13 is preferably flat. For a given surface area of the end face, a distance between exciter 12 and racket 13 is a maximum at a predetermined pressure.
  • An axial bore or a groove extending along the working axis 10 can be introduced into the insert 31 .
  • the air can escape along this channel.
  • the groove reduces the cross-sectional area of the insert 31 by less than 1%.
  • the insert 31 can be fastened in the base body 30 in a form-fitting, material-locking and / or force-locking manner.
  • a material closure can be achieved for example by gluing, pouring or vulcanizing.
  • the illustrated insert 31 is inserted into the base body 30 and is clamped by a projection 48 on the inner surface 39 of the base body 30 .
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the racket 13.
  • the insert 50 has an exposed back, opposite to the direction of impact 11 facing surface 51, which is convex, ie pointing away from the racket 13 , curved.
  • the vault is small.
  • An inclination of the surface 46 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the working axis 10 is in the range between 0 degrees and 10 degrees.
  • a vertex 52 of the curvature preferably projects beyond the rear end 47 of the main body 30 by a distance 53 of less than 2 mm.
  • the domed surface 51 preferably terminates flush with the rear end 47 .
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of the racket 13.
  • the insert 60 has an exposed back surface 61, which protrudes slightly beyond the rear end 47 of the base body 30 , without being flush with the ends 47 .
  • An axial projection 62 of the insert 60 at the height of the wall 36 is less than 0.5 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The hand tool has a pneumatic percussion mechanism (6), where a motor-driven exciter (12), a guide tube (20) and a piston-shaped striker (13) are provided. The striker has a pot-shaped base body with an open cavity facing the exciter, where an insert is designed as the open cavity. The base body is made of a material having a specific density, where the insert is made of another material having another density.

Description

GEBIET DER ERFINDUNGFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem pneumatischen Schlagwerk, insbesondere eine drehmeißelnde oder rein meißelnde Handwerkzeugmaschine.The present invention relates to a hand tool machine with a pneumatic impact mechanism, in particular a hand tool that is turning or merely chiseling.

OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNGDISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Bei einem motorgetriebenen, pneumatischen Schlagwerk beschleunigt ein kolbenförmiger Erreger mittelbar durch eine Luftfeder einen kolbenförmigen Schläger. Abdichtungen und andere Randbedingungen des Schlagwerks begrenzen einen Druck der Luftfeder auf etwa 20 bar, weshalb eine Beschleunigung des Schlägers von dessen Masse und seiner Stirnfläche abhängt. Ein Schlagwerk mit einem schnell laufenden Schläger benötigt einen leichten Schläger bei großer Stirnfläche. US 2009 133893 A beschreibt einen Schläger, der eine radiale verlaufende Bohrung hat, um dessen Masse bei gleichbleibender Stirnfläche zu reduzieren.In a motor-driven, pneumatic percussion accelerated a piston-shaped exciter indirectly by an air spring a piston-shaped racket. Seals and other boundary conditions of the percussion limit a pressure of the air spring to about 20 bar, which is why an acceleration of the racket depends on its mass and its face. A percussion with a fast-running racket requires a light club with a large face. US 2009 133893 A describes a racquet having a radial bore to reduce its mass with a constant face.

Das Volumen der pneumatischen Kammer stellt hohe Anforderungen an die Toleranzen der Fertigung. Ein Berühren des Erregers und des Schlägers führt zu einem Ausfall des Schlagwerks. Der Abstand von Erreger und Schläger verringert sich bei der Kompression der Luftfeder auf etwa 1 mm, um den für die geforderte Schlagleistung notwendigen Druck von 20 bar aufzubauen. Der hohe Druck führt zu einer lokalen Verformung des Schlagwerks, beispielsweise verschiebt und verformt sich ein den Schläger umspannender Dichtungsring. Die mechanische und thermische Dauerbelastung des elastischen Dichtrings lässt diesen altern, wodurch er nachgiebiger gegenüber einem Verschieben wird. Bereits eine geringfügige Verschiebung kann zu einer ausreichenden Verlagerung des Volumens der Luftfeder mit einem in Folge punktuellen Berühren von Erreger und Schläger führen.The volume of the pneumatic chamber places high demands on the tolerances of production. Touching the exciter and the club results in a failure of the impact mechanism. The distance between the exciter and the club is reduced to about 1 mm during the compression of the air spring in order to build up the pressure of 20 bar required for the required impact performance. The high pressure leads to a local deformation of the impact mechanism, for example, moves and deforms a gudgeon around the racket sealing ring. The mechanical and thermal continuous load of the elastic sealing ring causes it to age, making it more resilient to displacement. Even a slight shift can lead to a sufficient displacement of the volume of the air spring with a subsequent punctual contact of exciters and clubs.

Die erfindungsgemäße Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem pneumatischen Schlagwerk hat einen motorgetriebenen Erreger, ein Führungsrohr und einen kolbenförmigen Schläger. Der kolbenförmige Schläger ist durch eine Innenfläche des Führungsrohrs längs einer Arbeitsachse geführt und schließt in dem Führungsrohr mit dem Erreger eine Luftfeder abschließt ab. Der Schläger hat einen topfförmigen Grundkörper mit einem dem Erreger zugewandt offenen Hohlraum und einem den Hohlraum ausfüllenden Einsatz. Der Grundkörper ist aus einem ersten Material mit einer ersten Dichte und der Einsatz aus einem Material mit einer zweiten Dichte, welche geringer als die erste Dichte ist.The portable power tool according to the invention with a pneumatic impact mechanism has a motor-driven exciter, a guide tube and a piston-shaped racket. The piston-shaped racket is guided through an inner surface of the guide tube along a working axis and includes in the guide tube with the exciter an air spring completes. The racket has a pot-shaped base body with a path to the open-facing cavity and a cavity filling insert. The main body is made of a first material having a first density and the insert of a material having a second density which is lower than the first density.

Die geringere Dichte des Einsatzes ermöglicht die Masse des Schlägers bei gleichbleibender Stirnfläche zu reduzieren. Die topfförmige Gestalt des vorzugsweise steifen Grundkörpers stellt sicher, dass sich der Einsatz unter Einwirkung der Luftfeder bei der Kompression nicht verformt. Ferner unterliegt der Einsatz nur geringen mechanischen Belastungen, weil er beim Schlag sich an dem in Schlagrichtung und Umfangsrichtung umschließenden Grundkörper geschützt ist. Auch ist durch den vollständig ausfüllenden Einsatz gewährleistet, dass keine parasitären Lufteinschlüsse zwischen Einsatz und Grundkörper mit der pneumatischen Kammer verbunden sind. Insbesondere wenn der Einsatz aus einem Elastomer gebildet ist. Ein Abstand von Erreger und Schläger wird bei der Kompression eingehalten.The lower density of the insert allows to reduce the mass of the racket with the same end face. The cup-shaped shape of the preferably rigid body ensures that the insert does not deform under the action of the air spring during compression. Furthermore, the use is subject to only low mechanical loads, because it is protected at the impact on the surrounding body in the direction of impact and the circumferential direction. It is also ensured by the completely filling insert that no parasitic air pockets between insert and body are connected to the pneumatic chamber. In particular, when the insert is formed from an elastomer. A distance between pathogen and bat is maintained during compression.

Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der Grundkörper den Einsatz in radialer Richtung und in eine von der Luftfeder abgewandte Richtung umschließt. Vorzugsweise umschließt der Grundkörper vollständig in diesen Richtungen, wenigstens 95 % der in radialer Richtung und in Schlagrichtung weisender Oberfläche des Einsatzes berühren den Grundkörper. Die Form des Einsatzes ist in allen Raumrichtungen bis auf die Richtung entgegen der Schlagrichtung durch den Grundkörper vorgegeben und abgestützt.An embodiment provides that the base body surrounds the insert in the radial direction and in a direction away from the air spring direction. Preferably, the base body completely surrounds in these directions, at least 95% of the surface of the insert facing in the radial direction and in the direction of impact touch the base body. The shape of the insert is predetermined and supported in all directions except for the direction opposite to the direction of impact by the body.

Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der Einsatz bündig mit einem dem Erreger zugewandten Ende des Grundkörpers abschließt oder der Einsatz den Grundkörpers entgegen der Schlagrichtung um weniger als 1 mm überragt. Eine von dem Grundkörper und dem Einsatz gebildete, dem Erreger zugewandte Oberfläche kann eben sein. Alternativ kann eine dem Erreger zugewandte, vorzugsweise konvexe, Oberfläche des Einsatzes gegenüber einer radialen Richtung um weniger als 10 Grad geneigt sein. Die auf den Einsatz durch die Luftfeder ausgeübten Kräfte wirken hauptsächlich nur in axialer Richtung, wodurch den Einsatz alternde scherende Kräfte ausbleiben.One embodiment provides that the insert terminates flush with an end of the base body facing the pathogen, or the insert projects beyond the base body counter to the direction of impact by less than 1 mm. A formed by the body and the insert, the pathogen-facing surface may be flat. Alternatively, an exciter facing, preferably convex, surface of the insert with respect to a radial direction may be inclined by less than 10 degrees. The forces exerted on the insert by the air spring act mainly only in the axial direction, whereby the use of aging shearing forces fails.

Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der Einsatz zylindrisch ausgebildet ist und ein Durchmesser des Einsatzes zwischen 50 % und 75 % eines Innendurchmessers des Führungsrohrs beträgt. Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass ein Volumenanteil des Einsatzes an dem Schläger zwischen 25 % und 75 % liegt.An embodiment provides that the insert is cylindrical and a diameter of the insert is between 50% and 75% of an inner diameter of the guide tube. One embodiment provides that a volume fraction of the insert on the racket is between 25% and 75%.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER FIGURENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung erläutert die Erfindung anhand von exemplarischen Ausführungsformen und Figuren. In den Figuren zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Bohrhammer,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schläger des Bohrhammers,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schläger des Bohrhammers,
  • Fig. 4 einen Schläger des Bohrhammers,
The following description explains the invention with reference to exemplary embodiments and figures. In the figures show:
  • Fig. 1 a hammer drill,
  • Fig. 2 a hammer of the hammer,
  • Fig. 3 a hammer of the hammer,
  • Fig. 4 a hammer of the hammer,

Gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente werden durch gleiche Bezugszeichen in den Figuren indiziert, soweit nicht anders angegeben.Identical or functionally identical elements are indicated by the same reference numerals in the figures, unless stated otherwise.

AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMEN DER ERFINDUNGEMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 zeigt als Beispiel einer meißelnden Handwerkzeugmaschine schematisch einen Bohrhammer 1. Der Bohrhammer 1 hat eine Werkzeugaufnahme 2, in welche ein Schaftende 3 eines Werkzeug, z.B. eines des Bohrmeißels 4, eingesetzt werden kann. Einen primären Antrieb des Bohrhammers 1 bildet ein Motor 5, welcher ein Schlagwerk 6 und eine Abtriebswelle 7 antreibt. Ein Anwender kann den Bohrhammer 1 mittels eines Handgriffs 8 führen und mittels eines Systemschalters 9 den Bohrhammer 1 in Betrieb nehmen. Im Betrieb dreht der Bohrhammer 1 den Bohrmeißel 4 kontinuierlich um eine Arbeitsachse 10 und kann dabei den Bohrmeißel 4 in Schlagrichtung 11 längs der Arbeitsachse 10 in einen Untergrund schlagen. Fig. 1 schematically shows a hammer drill 1 as an example of a chiseling hand tool . The hammer drill 1 has a tool holder 2, in which a shank end 3 of a tool, for example one of the drill bit 4, can be used. A primary drive of the hammer drill 1 is a motor 5, which drives a striking mechanism 6 and an output shaft 7 . A user can guide the hammer drill 1 by means of a handle 8 and take means of a system switch 9, the hammer drill 1 is in operation. In operation, the hammer drill 1 rotates the drill bit 4 continuously about a working axis 10 and can beat the drill bit 4 in the direction of impact 11 along the working axis 10 in a substrate.

Das Schlagwerk 6 ist ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk 6. Ein Erreger 12 und ein Schläger 13 sind in dem Schlagwerk 6 längs der Arbeitsachse 10 beweglich geführt. Der Erreger 12 ist über einen Exzenter 14 oder einen Taumelfinger an den Motor 5 angekoppelt und zu einer periodischen, linearen Bewegung gezwungen. Eine Luftfeder gebildet durch eine pneumatische Kammer 15 zwischen Erreger 12 und Schläger 13 koppelt eine Bewegung des Schlägers 13 an die Bewegung des Erregers 12 an. Der Schläger 13 kann direkt auf ein hinteres Ende des Bohrmeißels 4 aufschlagen oder mittelbar über einen im Wesentlichen ruhenden Zwischenschläger 16 (Döpper) einen Teil seines Impuls auf den Bohrmeißel 4 übertragen. Das Schlagwerk 6 und vorzugsweise die weiteren Antriebskomponenten sind innerhalb eines Maschinengehäuses 17 angeordnet.The percussion 6 is a pneumatic percussion 6. An exciter 12 and a racket 13 are guided in the percussion 6 along the working axis 10 movable. The exciter 12 is coupled via an eccentric 14 or a wobble finger to the motor 5 and forced to a periodic, linear movement. An air spring formed by a pneumatic chamber 15 between exciter 12 and racket 13 couples a movement of the racket 13 to the movement of the exciter 12 at. The bat 13 can strike directly on a rear end of the drill bit 4 or indirectly via a substantially resting intermediate beater 16 (striker) a portion of its impulse on the drill bit. 4 transfer. The striking mechanism 6 and preferably the further drive components are arranged within a machine housing 17 .

Der beispielhafte Erreger 12 ist als Kolben ausgeführt, der in dem zylindrischen Führungsrohr 20 vor- und zurück bewegt wird. Der Schläger 13 ist ebenfalls als Kolben ausgeführt. Sowohl der Erreger 12 als auch der Schläger 13 schließen mit ihren radialen Außenflächen luftdicht mit einer Innenfläche 21 des Führungsrohrs 20 ab. Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist der Erreger 12 mit dem Führungsrohr 20 starr verbunden. Sowohl der Erreger 12 und das Führungsrohr 20 werden durch den Motor 5 vor- und zurück bewegt. Das topfförmige Gebilde aus Erreger 12 und das Führungsrohr 20 können in einem Lager beweglich aufgehängt sein. Der Schläger 13 ist gleich den vorhergehenden Ausführungsformen innerhalb des Führungsrohrs 20 angeordnet und wird durch die Luftfeder 15 zwischen Erreger 12 und Schläger 13 beschleunigt.The exemplary exciter 12 is designed as a piston which is moved back and forth in the cylindrical guide tube 20 . The racket 13 is also designed as a piston. Both the exciter 12 and the racket 13 close with their radial outer surfaces airtight with an inner surface 21 of the guide tube 20 from. In another embodiment, the exciter 12 is rigidly connected to the guide tube 20 . Both the exciter 12 and the guide tube 20 are moved back and forth by the motor 5 . The cup-shaped structure of exciter 12 and the guide tube 20 may be suspended in a movable bearing. The racket 13 is disposed within the guide tube 20 , similar to the previous embodiments, and is accelerated by the air spring 15 between the exciter 12 and the racket 13 .

Fig. 2 zeigt in einem Längsschnitt einen beispielhaften Schläger 13. Der Schläger 13 ist zweiteilig aus einem topfförmigen Grundkörper 30 und einem das Innere des Grundkörpers 30 vollständig ausfüllender Einsatz 31 ausgebildet. Der Grundkörper 30 ist vorzugsweise aus einem Stahl, der Einsatz 31 ist aus einem Material mit einer geringeren Dichte als Stahl, z.B. einer Dichte geringer als 5,0 g/cm3. Ein bevorzugtes Material für den Einsatz sind Elastomere, z.B. Nitrilkautschuk (NBR), hydrierter Acrylnitrilbutadien-Kautschuk (HNBR), Flourkautschuk (FPM, FKM). Der Einsatz 31 ist ohne Lufteinschlüsse, insbesondere nicht als Schaum, ausgebildet, sondern dessen Volumen ist vollständig durch das Material ausgefüllt, wodurch der Einsatz 31 inkompressibel ist. Fig. 2 shows in a longitudinal section an exemplary racket 13. The racket 13 is in two parts from a cup-shaped base body 30 and an interior of the main body 30 completely filling insert 31 is formed. The base body 30 is preferably made of a steel, the insert 31 is made of a material with a lower density than steel, for example a density less than 5.0 g / cm3. A preferred material for use are elastomers, eg, nitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (HNBR), fluoroaluminum (FPM, FKM). The insert 31 is formed without air pockets, in particular not as a foam, but its volume is completely filled by the material, whereby the insert 31 is incompressible.

Eine entgegen der Schlagrichtung 11 weisende Oberfläche 32 des Einsatzes 31 ist freiliegend. Sämtliche andere Abschnitte der Oberfläche des Einsatzes 31, z.B. eine in Schlagrichtung 11 weisende Fläche 33, eine Mantelfläche 34, berühren eine Innenfläche des Grundkörpers 30. Eine Form des Einsatzes 31 ist durch einen Hohlraum 35 des topfförmigen Grundkörpers 30 vorgeben. Weder die Kräfte beim Schlag auf den Döpper 16 noch der Druck bei Kompression der Luftfeder deformieren den Einsatz 31. A surface 32 of the insert 31 facing the direction of impact 11 is exposed. All other sections of the surface of the insert 31, for example a surface 33 pointing in the direction of impact 11 , a lateral surface 34, touch an inner surface of the base body 30. A shape of the insert 31 is predetermined by a cavity 35 of the cup-shaped main body 30 . Neither the forces when striking the striker 16 nor the pressure during compression of the air spring deform the insert 31.

Der elastische Aufbau des Einsatzes 31 ermöglicht auf sichere Weise ein vollständiges Ausfüllen des Hohlraums 35. Selbst geringe Lufteinschlüsse zwischen dem Einsatz 31 und dem Grundkörper 30 können vermieden werden.The elastic construction of the insert 31 allows in a secure manner a complete filling of the cavity 35. Even small air bubbles between the insert 31 and the base body 30 can be avoided.

Die topfförmige Gestalt des Grundkörpers 30 beinhaltet eine ringförmig geschlossene Wand 36, welche den Hohlraum 35 umfänglich umgibt. Ein Boden 37 grenzt an die Wand 36 in Schlagrichtung 11 an und verschließt den Hohlraum 35 in Schlagrichtung 11. Die einzige Öffnung 38 des Hohlraums 35 weist somit in eine Richtung entgegen der Schlagrichtung 11. The pot-shaped shape of the base body 30 includes an annular closed wall 36 which surrounds the cavity 35 circumferentially. A floor 37 adjoins the wall 36 in Impact direction 11 and closes the cavity 35 in the direction of impact 11. The single opening 38 of the cavity 35 thus points in a direction opposite to the direction of impact 11th

Die beispielhafte Wand 36 kann durch einen Hohlzylinder, d.h. mit einer zylindrischen Innenwand 39 und einer koaxialen zylindrischen Außenfläche 40 ausgebildet sein. Die Außenfläche 40 liegt längs der Arbeitsachse 10 geführt an der Innenfläche 21 des Führungsrohrs 20 an. Eine Länge 41 des zylindrischen Abschnitts 36, d.h. seine Abmessung längs der Arbeitsachse 10, ist vorzugsweise etwas größer als ein Durchmesser 42 des Grundkörpers 30. Ein Verhältnis von Länge 41 zu Durchmesser 42 liegt beispielsweise im Bereich zwischen 0,8 und 1,2, um ein Verkanten des Schlägers 13 in dem Führungsrohr 20 zu verhindern. Die Außenfläche 40 ist vorzugsweise vollumfänglich zylindrisch, in einer alternativen Ausführung aus zylindrischen Segmenten zusammengesetzt. Eine Wandstärke 43 der Wand 36 liegt beispielsweise im Bereich zwischen 10 % und 40 % des Durchmessers 42 des Grundkörpers 30. The exemplary wall 36 may be formed by a hollow cylinder, ie with a cylindrical inner wall 39 and a coaxial cylindrical outer surface 40 . The outer surface 40 is guided along the working axis 10 on the inner surface 21 of the guide tube 20 at. A length 41 of the cylindrical portion 36, ie its dimension along the working axis 10, is preferably slightly larger than a diameter 42 of the base body 30. A ratio of length 41 to diameter 42 is for example in the range between 0.8 and 1.2, in order to prevent tilting of the racket 13 in the guide tube 20 . The outer surface 40 is preferably fully cylindrical, in an alternative embodiment composed of cylindrical segments. A wall thickness 43 of the wall 36 is, for example, in the range between 10% and 40% of the diameter 42 of the main body 30.

Der Boden 37 kann eine ebene oder gewölbte Innenfläche 44 aufweisen. An die in Schlagrichtung 11 weisende Außenseite des Bodens 37 kann zu einem Stößel 45 ausgebildet sein. Der Stößel 45 ist im wesentlichen ein voller, zylindrischer Stab. Der Stößels 45 ist dünner als der Grundkörper 30, und ein Durchmesser 46 des Stößels 45 liegt beispielsweise im Bereich zwischen 30 % und 50 % des Durchmessers 42 des Grundkörpers 30 oder Schlägers 13. Der Durchmesser 46 orientiert sich am Durchmesser der für den Bohrhammer 1 vorgesehenen Werkzeuge.The floor 37 may have a flat or curved inner surface 44 . At the direction of impact 11 facing outside of the bottom 37 may be formed into a plunger 45 . The plunger 45 is essentially a full, cylindrical rod. The plunger 45 is thinner than the base body 30, and a diameter 46 of the plunger 45 is for example in the range between 30% and 50% of the diameter 42 of the base body 30 or bat 13. The diameter 46 is oriented on the diameter of the hammer drill 1 provided tools.

Der Grundkörper 30 kann einen radialen Anstich in der Wand 36 oder einen Anstich in dem Boden 37 aufweisen, welcher beim Einbringen des Einsatzes 31 ein Austreten von Luft ermöglicht. Eine Querschnittsfläche des Anstichs ist um wenigstens eine Größenordnung geringer als eine Stirnfläche des Grundkörpers 30, z.B. geringer als 1 mm2 oder geringer als 1 % der Querschnittsfläche.The base body 30 may have a radial puncture in the wall 36 or a piercing in the bottom 37 , which allows the introduction of the insert 31, a leakage of air. A cross-sectional area of the puncture is smaller by at least an order of magnitude than an end face of the main body 30, for example less than 1 mm 2 or less than 1% of the cross-sectional area.

Der Einsatz 31 berührt die gesamte Innenfläche 44 des Bodens 37 und die gesamte Innenfläche 39 der Wand 36. Die freiliegende Oberfläche 46 des Einsatzes 31 ist vorzugsweise eben und schließt bündig mit dem Ende 47 des Grundkörpers 30 ab. Die gesamte rückseitige Oberfläche des Schlägers 13 ist vorzugsweise eben. Bei einem vorgegebenen Flächeninhalt der Stirnfläche ist ein Abstand von Erreger 12 und Schläger 13 bei einem vorgegebenen Druck maximal.The insert 31 contacts the entire inner surface 44 of the bottom 37 and the entire inner surface 39 of the wall 36. The exposed surface 46 of the insert 31 is preferably planar and terminates flush with the end 47 of the base body 30 . The entire rear surface of the racket 13 is preferably flat. For a given surface area of the end face, a distance between exciter 12 and racket 13 is a maximum at a predetermined pressure.

Eine axiale Bohrung oder eine längs der Arbeitsachse 10 verlaufende Nut kann in den Einsatz 31 eingebracht sein. Beim Einsetzen des Einsatzes 31 kann die Luft entlang dieses Kanals entweichen. Die Nut verringert die Querschnittsfläche des Einsatzes 31 um weniger als 1 %.An axial bore or a groove extending along the working axis 10 can be introduced into the insert 31 . When inserting the insert 31 , the air can escape along this channel. The groove reduces the cross-sectional area of the insert 31 by less than 1%.

Der Einsatz 31 kann formschlüssig, materialschlüssig und/oder kraftschlüssig in dem Grundkörper 30 befestigt sein. Ein Materialschluss kann beispielsweise durch Einkleben, Eingießen oder Vulkanisieren erreicht werden. Der dargestellte Einsatz 31 ist in den Grundkörper 30 eingeschoben und wird durch einen Vorsprung 48 an der Innenfläche 39 des Grundkörpers 30 angeklemmt.The insert 31 can be fastened in the base body 30 in a form-fitting, material-locking and / or force-locking manner. A material closure can be achieved for example by gluing, pouring or vulcanizing. The illustrated insert 31 is inserted into the base body 30 and is clamped by a projection 48 on the inner surface 39 of the base body 30 .

Fig. 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausgestaltung des Schlägers 13. Der Einsatz 50 hat eine freiliegende rückseitige, entgegen der Schlagrichtung 11 weisende Oberfläche 51, welche konvex, d.h. von dem Schläger 13 wegweisend, gewölbt ist. Die Wölbung ist gering. Eine Neigung der Oberfläche 46 gegenüber einer Ebene senkrecht zur Arbeitsachse 10 liegt im Bereich zwischen 0 Grad und 10 Grad. Ein Scheitelpunkt 52 der Wölbung überragt das hintere Ende 47 des Grundkörpers 30 vorzugsweise um eine Distanz 53 von weniger als 2 mm. Die gewölbte Oberfläche 51 schließt vorzugsweise bündig mit dem hinteren Ende 47 ab. Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the racket 13. The insert 50 has an exposed back, opposite to the direction of impact 11 facing surface 51, which is convex, ie pointing away from the racket 13 , curved. The vault is small. An inclination of the surface 46 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the working axis 10 is in the range between 0 degrees and 10 degrees. A vertex 52 of the curvature preferably projects beyond the rear end 47 of the main body 30 by a distance 53 of less than 2 mm. The domed surface 51 preferably terminates flush with the rear end 47 .

Fig. 4 zeigt eine weitere Ausgestaltung des Schlägers 13. Der Einsatz 60 hat eine freiliegende rückseitige Oberfläche 61, welche etwas über das hintere Ende 47 des Grundkörpers 30 hinaussteht, ohne bündig mit den Enden 47 abzuschließen. Ein axialer Überstand 62 des Einsatzes 60 auf der Höhe der Wand 36 ist geringer als 0,5 mm. Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of the racket 13. The insert 60 has an exposed back surface 61, which protrudes slightly beyond the rear end 47 of the base body 30 , without being flush with the ends 47 . An axial projection 62 of the insert 60 at the height of the wall 36 is less than 0.5 mm.

Claims (8)

Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem pneumatischen Schlagwerk (6), das einen motorgetriebenen Erreger (12), ein Führungsrohr (20) und einen kolbenförmigen Schläger (13) aufweist, wobei der kolbenförmige Schläger (13) durch eine Innenfläche (21) des Führungsrohrs (20) längs einer Arbeitsachse (10) geführt ist und in dem Führungsrohr (20) mit dem Erreger (12) eine Luftfeder (15) abschließt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Schläger (13) einen topfförmigen Grundkörper (30) mit einem dem Erreger zugewandt offenen Hohlraum und einem den Hohlraum ausfüllenden Einsatz (31, 50, 60) ist, wobei der Grundkörper (30) aus einem ersten Material mit einer ersten Dichte und der Einsatz (31, 50, 60) aus einem Material mit einer zweiten Dichte ist, und die erste Dichte größer als die zweite Dichte ist.A hand power tool comprising a pneumatic percussion mechanism (6) comprising a motor driven exciter (12), a guide tube (20) and a piston-shaped racket (13) , the piston-shaped racket (13) passing through an inner surface (21) of the guide tube (20) a working axis (10) is guided and in the guide tube (20) with the exciter (12) an air spring (15) terminates, characterized in that
the racket (13) is a cup-shaped basic body (30) with an exciter-facing open cavity and a cavity filling insert (31, 50, 60) , wherein the base body (30) of a first material having a first density and the insert (31, 50, 60) is of a second density material and the first density is greater than the second density. Handwerkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einsatz (31, 50, 60) aus einem Elastomer gebildet ist.Powered hand tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert (31, 50, 60) is formed from an elastomer. Handwerkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundkörper (30) den Einsatz (31, 50, 60) in radialer Richtung und in eine von der Luftfeder (15) abgewandte Richtung (11) umschließt.Powered hand tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the base body (30 ) encloses the insert (31, 50, 60) in the radial direction and in a direction away from the air spring (15) direction (11) . Handwerkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einsatz (31, 50) bündig mit einem dem Erreger (12) zugewandten Ende (47) des Grundkörpers (30) abschließt oder der Einsatz (31, 50) den Grundkörpers (30) in Richtung zu dem Erreger (12) um weniger als 1 mm überragt.Powered hand tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the insert (31, 50) flush with a said exciter (12) facing the end (47) of the base body (30) or the insert (31, 50) the base body (30) in the direction to the exciter (12) surmounted by less than 1 mm. Handwerkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine von dem Grundkörper (30) und dem Einsatz (31, 50, 60) gebildete, dem Erreger (12) zugewandte Oberfläche (32, 61) eben ist.Powered hand tool according to claim 4, characterized in that one of the base body (30) and the insert (31, 50, 60) formed, the exciter (12) facing surface (32, 61) is flat. Handwerkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine dem Erreger (12) zugewandte Oberfläche (51) des Einsatzes (50) gegenüber einer radialen Richtung um weniger als 10 Grad geneigt ist.Powered hand tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the exciter (12) facing surface (51) of the insert (50) relative to a radial direction is inclined by less than 10 degrees. Handwerkzeugmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einsatz (31, 50, 60) zylindrisch ausgebildet ist und ein Durchmesser des Einsatzes (31, 50, 60) zwischen 50 % und 75 % eines Durchmessers (42) des Schlägers (13) beträgt.Powered hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert (31, 50, 60) is cylindrical and a Diameter of the insert (31, 50, 60) between 50% and 75% of a diameter (42) of the racket (13) . Handwerkzeugmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Volumenanteil des Einsatzes (31, 50, 60) an dem Schläger (13) zwischen 25 % und 75 % liegt.Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a volume fraction of the insert (31, 50, 60) on the racket (13) is between 25% and 75%.
EP12163528.8A 2011-05-12 2012-04-10 Hand-held machine tool Active EP2522467B1 (en)

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CN102773842A (en) 2012-11-14
CN102773842B (en) 2016-08-24
DE102011075765A1 (en) 2012-11-15
US9102044B2 (en) 2015-08-11
EP2522467B1 (en) 2015-06-03

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