EP3423210B1 - Presse à forger et procédé pour forger une pièce dans une presse à forger - Google Patents

Presse à forger et procédé pour forger une pièce dans une presse à forger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3423210B1
EP3423210B1 EP17716773.1A EP17716773A EP3423210B1 EP 3423210 B1 EP3423210 B1 EP 3423210B1 EP 17716773 A EP17716773 A EP 17716773A EP 3423210 B1 EP3423210 B1 EP 3423210B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
die
primary
forging
workpiece
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP17716773.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3423210A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Steingiesser
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3423210A1 publication Critical patent/EP3423210A1/fr
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Publication of EP3423210B1 publication Critical patent/EP3423210B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/32—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/0029—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing means for adjusting the space between the press slide and the press table, i.e. the shut height
    • B30B15/0035—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing means for adjusting the space between the press slide and the press table, i.e. the shut height using an adjustable connection between the press drive means and the press slide

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a forging press with a forging press frame, with an upper saddle and a lower saddle as well as a primary drive, effective in relation to the forging press frame, for applying primary forming forces to a workpiece between the upper saddle and the lower saddle, and with a secondary drive for applying secondary forming forces to the workpiece.
  • the invention also relates to a method for forging a workpiece in a forging press with an upper saddle and a lower saddle as well as a primary drive, via which a primary movement with a forming effect is driven between the upper saddle and the lower saddle, the workpiece not only undergoing the deformation caused by the primary movement but also via a secondary movement of a secondary caliper that is effective and driven by a secondary drive is transformed.
  • primary drives and secondary drives are already known in generic forging presses, with the primary drive, for example, serving to close a die and thus have a forming effect on a workpiece, while secondary drives are then used for piercing processes or further forming processes in the die.
  • the corresponding secondary drives drive perforated rods or slides, which are not to be regarded as forged saddles.
  • drawing presses for example from the DE 11 2014 001 453 T5
  • the workpieces are relatively thin and therefore lower pressing forces are required, it is known to realize different drawing depths with different drives.
  • the pamphlet DE 13 01 298 B forms the basis for the preamble of claims 1 and 2.
  • a forging press with a forging press frame, with an upper saddle and a lower saddle as well as a primary drive effective in relation to the forging press frame for applying primary forming forces to a workpiece between the upper saddle and the lower saddle and with a secondary drive for applying secondary forming forces to the Workpiece can be carried out if the forging press is characterized in that the secondary drive is supported on an assembly loaded by the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece.
  • the secondary drive can then be designed to save energy, for example by using cylinders that require less oil.
  • the masses that have to be moved by the secondary drive can also be made smaller without further ado, which is correspondingly economical in terms of energy.
  • the primary drive can be used, for example, as a forging drive and the secondary drive as a finishing drive, so that the energy required for finishing is significantly lower if only the oil volume absolutely necessary for finishing has to be moved or only the masses necessary for finishing have to be moved.
  • drop forging for example, if the secondary drive is used for open-die forging and the primary drive for drop forging, with the workpiece being forged via the secondary drive, for example for the purpose of distributing the mass, which in drop forging is only possible under certain circumstances to the necessary or advantageous extent.
  • the movements required for mass distribution require smaller strokes and smaller forces than This is usually the case for the drop forging process, which requires significantly more complex material movements in the workpiece.
  • the secondary drive can be supported on a moving beam driven by the primary drive.
  • a conventional forging press can thus be used without further ado for forging and finishing, with undesirably high volume flows for freely rotating cylinders and possibly also unnecessarily high strokes occurring for finishing.
  • the secondary drive is supported on a crosshead driven by the primary drive, the motion sequences during forging and finishing remain the same, which also applies to a transition between open-die forging and drop forging, except that the secondary drive is used for fast and/or weaker forging process types can be.
  • the secondary drive can also be supported on a transverse beam that interacts with the primary drive via tie rods.
  • the secondary drive then usually acts on the respective workpiece from the side opposite the primary drive, which should not be critical in view of the force balances that occur in forging presses, as long as the mass of the workpieces is not too significant or the workpieces are not damaged, for example external holding devices are positioned in a certain way anyway.
  • this configuration requires a certain deviation in the movement sequences of the forging press itself, which must then be taken into account accordingly.
  • a moving beam or a transverse beam which interacts with the primary drive via tie rods, can be considered as a subassembly that is subjected to primary forming forces by the primary drives in the direction of the workpiece.
  • the assembly loaded by the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece is designed to be fixed via fixing means so that when the secondary drive acts on the workpiece, these forces at least do not have to be applied entirely by the primary drive.
  • the The forge press preferably includes locating means for selectively locating the assemblies relative to the forge press frame.
  • Such fixing means can be, for example, clamping bushes or clamping wedges, with which a corresponding assembly is designed to be fixed.
  • such fixing means are suitable for selectively fixing a moving beam on the forging press frame, for example on tie rods or columns, in order in this way to relieve the primary drive.
  • the secondary drive can also be correspondingly relieved if a secondary saddle, which is driven by the secondary drive, can be optionally fixed in relation to the forging press frame in order to relieve the secondary drive when the primary drive is working.
  • the secondary saddle can certainly be fixed to the assembly on which the secondary drive is supported, particularly if this assembly is then loaded by the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece.
  • a corresponding setting is particularly preferably carried out in different ways, depending on the direction. In this way, the secondary saddle can be fixed in the effective direction of the forces that act on the secondary saddle during the primary movement, so that the secondary drive no longer has to apply corresponding forces.
  • Such a contact can be made, for example, on a moving beam or a transverse beam or on the subassembly loaded by the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece, which very effectively and in a structurally simple manner leads to a corresponding relief.
  • the secondary drive applies appropriate fixing forces, since these are significantly lower than the forming forces applied by the primary drive.
  • the forging press has a secondary saddle driven by the primary drive and an additional saddle, the secondary saddle and the additional saddle together forming the lower saddle and the upper saddle of the forging press.
  • This configuration directly requires that the mass of the secondary saddle is smaller than the mass of the lower saddle or upper saddle formed from the secondary saddle and additional saddle, which accordingly brings advantages in terms of energy.
  • the combination of secondary saddle and additional saddle is then available for primary movements, which is accordingly advantageous because of the greater mass and also—possibly—because of the larger area.
  • Different types of forging processes can also be carried out using a method for forging a workpiece in a forging press with an upper saddle and a lower saddle as well as a primary drive, via which a primary movement with a forming effect is driven between the upper saddle and the lower saddle.
  • a primary drive via which a primary movement with a forming effect is driven between the upper saddle and the lower saddle.
  • the workpiece is formed not only by the forming effected by the primary movement but also by a secondary movement that has a forming effect and is driven by a secondary drive
  • the forging process is characterized in that the secondary drive drives a secondary saddle and the secondary saddle is independent for the secondary movement of the secondary saddle is moved by the assemblies of the primary drive that drive the primary movement.
  • the driven secondary saddle In contrast to drop forging presses, in which a secondary drive can drive hole rods or other slides, the driven secondary saddle enables direct forging movements for an open-die forge, particularly in conjunction with a drop forge, or finishing movements, particularly in conjunction with an open-die forge, to be energy-efficient as a secondary movement can be carried out if the secondary drive is matched to the movements provided for the secondary movement.
  • the secondary drive is supported on an assembly loaded by the primary drive from primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece, this assembly being fixed before the forming via the secondary saddle or before the secondary movement and released before the primary movement. This enables the primary drive in particular to be relieved of forces that occur during the secondary movement or a deformation via the secondary saddle.
  • the invention is fixed to a forging press frame, which in this respect enables a particularly effective relief of the primary drive.
  • the fixing means or the fixing is not entirely sufficient to absorb all forces that occur during forming via the secondary saddle or during the secondary movement - or should - so that some of these forces may must also be applied by the primary drive. Nevertheless, the fixing or the fixing means then require a corresponding proportional relief of the primary drive with the corresponding advantages.
  • the upper saddle or the lower saddle is divided into a secondary saddle and an additional saddle. Then only the secondary saddle is moved during the secondary movement of the secondary saddle, and the secondary saddle and the additional saddle are moved together during the primary movement, so that a larger mass and a larger area are available for the primary movement, which is particularly the case in open-die forging processes, which may need to be combined with finishing , is beneficial.
  • the mass moved by the secondary drive is preferably smaller than the mass moved by the primary drive, so that corresponding energy advantages can be achieved in a structurally simple manner. Cumulatively or alternatively, it is advantageous if the forming forces that can be applied via the secondary drive are smaller than the forming forces that can be applied via the primary drive. This means that the secondary drive can be made correspondingly smaller and correspondingly more economical in terms of energy. In particular, so-called volumes of fluids, which are used for cylinder-piston arrangements and have to be moved, can be reduced to a minimum in this way in the secondary drive, even though no other measures are provided that stand in the way of this.
  • the primary drive can be used as a forging drive, in particular for open-die forging
  • the secondary drive can be used as a finishing drive. It goes without saying that, as is also the case with conventional forging presses, finishing is preferably carried out after forging or open-die forging.
  • the secondary drive can also be used for open-die forging and the primary drive for die forging, as already indicated above.
  • the workpiece is preferably first pre-forged via the secondary drive for the purpose of distributing the mass of the workpiece and then finish-forged via the primary drive by means of the die or by means of the die function. It goes without saying that—possibly—open-die forging or even finishing using the secondary drive is also conceivable after drop forging.
  • the primary drive is hydraulic, so that the pressing forces required for forging can be applied. It is conceivable, for example, to design the secondary drive mechanically or electromechanically if lower forces are to be applied here, since this appears to be more cost-effective. However, it is also particularly preferred Secondary drive designed hydraulically in order to be able to apply correspondingly high forces via this drive and thus also to be able to forge on the workpieces in a reliable manner.
  • the forging presses 10 shown in the figures each have a forging press frame 11 which, in a manner known per se, comprises an upper transverse beam 12 and a lower transverse beam or foundation beam 14 which are operatively connected to each other via columns 16 and tie rods 18 .
  • these columns 16 and tie rods 18 can be made in one piece or in several pieces. It is also understood that, ultimately, different numbers and symmetries of columns 16 and tie rods 18, as are known from the prior art, can be provided. In particular, however, two or four columns 16 or tie rods 18 are customary. It is also understood that--depending on the specific embodiment--the columns 16 and tie rods 18 do not necessarily have to be provided coaxially to one another.
  • the forging presses 10 also have a moving beam 20 in a manner known per se, which is driven by a primary drive 30 and carries an upper saddle 22 .
  • a lower saddle 24 is provided opposite the upper saddle 22 and is supported on the lower transverse beam or foundation beam 14 .
  • the primary drive 30, on the other hand, is supported on the upper transverse beam 12, as a result of which forging forces and forging movements can be applied between the upper saddle 22 and the lower saddle 24 in a manner known per se.
  • a die 26 is additionally provided, which can be optionally attached to the upper saddle 22 with its upper half of the die and to the lower saddle 24 with its lower half of the die. It is understood that in variant embodiments, the die 26 or portions thereof may be permanently attached to or integrally formed with the upper saddle 22 or the lower saddle 24 .
  • the primary drive 30 has a primary cylinder 32 which is provided on the upper transverse beam 12 and in which a primary piston 34 runs, which can exert force on the upper saddle 22 . It goes without saying that in different embodiments, several primary cylinders 32 and primary pistons 34 can also be provided without further ado, without thereby deviating from the basic functionality of the present exemplary embodiments.
  • the upper saddle 22 and the lower saddle 24 have a forging effect on a workpiece 50.
  • a secondary drive 40 is provided, the secondary cylinder 42 is arranged within the crosshead 23 and also within the primary piston 34.
  • This configuration leaves a relatively large amount of space for the secondary drive 40, with a smaller secondary cylinder 42 also being able to be provided if necessary, of course, so that a somewhat different configuration is conceivable here in concrete terms in the case of deviating exemplary embodiments.
  • a smaller secondary cylinder 42 makes it possible, if necessary, for the primary cylinder 32 and primary piston 34 in the exemplary embodiments according to FIG Figure 1 to 3 be reversed in that the primary piston 34 is supported on the upper transverse beam 12 and the primary cylinder 32 is supported on the moving beam 20 and opens upwards.
  • the moving beam 20 is guided on the columns 16 or tie rods 18 by means of clamping bushes 62, which fixing means 60 represent, by means of which the moving beam 20 can optionally be fixed to the forging press frame 11 or to the columns 16 or tie rods 18.
  • these clamping bushes 62 are also used to guide the moving beam 20 if it is not fixed by the fixing means 60 .
  • the fixing means 60 allows secondary forces applied by the secondary drive 40 to be compensated for directly via the columns 16 or tie rods 18 and the lower transverse beam 14, so that the primary drive 30 is relieved of these forces, which is accordingly also advantageous if this relief is only partially done.
  • part of the columns 16 or tie rods 18 can only serve to guide the moving beam 20 , while another part can carry fixing means 60 . It is also understood that instead of the clamping bushes 62, other devices can also be used by means of which a moving beam 20 can be fixed in relation to the forging press frame 11.
  • the moving beam 20 is guided on the columns 16 or tie rods 18 and, if necessary, also fixed. If this is necessary, the lower saddle 24 can be guided or clamped in the exemplary embodiment figure 3 take place on the columns 16 or tie rods 18.
  • the secondary drive 40 in each case drives a secondary piston 44 which is connected to a secondary saddle 46 and can apply forces from the secondary drive 40 to the respective workpieces 50 .
  • the secondary drive 40 is provided with its secondary cylinder 42 in the lower transverse beam or foundation beam 14 .
  • the secondary drives 40 are designed in relation to the primary drives 30 in such a way that correspondingly smaller or less powerful movements, such as those occurring during finishing in an open-die forging press or during additional open-die forging in a closed-die forging press (see figure 2 ) occur, can be applied. In accordance with their lower design, the secondary drives 40 can then be operated with less energy.
  • the upper saddle 22 can optionally also be shown divided from the secondary saddle 46 and an additional saddle 36 .
  • the lower saddle 24 of the embodiment figure 3 be designed accordingly divided.
  • the secondary saddle 46 it is not necessary to fix the secondary saddle 46 during the primary movement, in particular to relieve the secondary drive 40, since the secondary saddle in the exemplary embodiments according to figures 1 and 2 on the moving beam 20 and in the exemplary embodiment figure 3 can be supported on the lower transverse beam or foundation beam 14, which can serve as a system when the primary forces are applied.
  • the secondary drive 40 is relieved in a simple manner. During the return movements, the forces are significantly lower, so that relief, for example by means of fixing devices such as clamping elements or the like, is generally not necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Presse à forger (10) avec un bâti de presse à forger (11), avec une pièce d'appui supérieure (22) et une pièce d'appui inférieure (24) ainsi qu'un entraînement primaire (30) actif vis-à-vis du bâti de presse à forger (11) pour appliquer des forces de déformation primaire à une pièce (50) entre la pièce d'appui supérieure (22) et la pièce d'appui inférieure (24) ainsi qu'avec un entraînement secondaire (40) pour appliquer des forces de déformation secondaires à la pièce (50), sachant que l'entraînement secondaire (40) est appuyé sur un module chargé par l'entraînement primaire (30) avec des forces de déformation primaires en direction de la pièce (50) et sachant que l'entraînement secondaire (40) est appuyé sur un longeron mobile (20) entraîné par l'entraînement primaire (30) ou sur un longeron transversal (14) se trouvant en interaction avec l'entraînement primaire (30) par le biais de tirants d'ancrage (18), caractérisée en ce que la presse à forger (10) comprend des moyens de fixation (60) pour fixer, selon les nécessités, le module par rapport au bâti de presse à forger (11) et une pièce d'appui secondaire (46) entraînée par l'entraînement secondaire (40) et une pièce d'appui complémentaire (36) et en ce que la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) et la pièce d'appui complémentaire (36) forment ensemble la pièce d'appui inférieure (24) ou la pièce d'appui supérieure (22) et en ce que seule la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) lors du déplacement secondaire de la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) et la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) lors du mouvement primaire de la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) et la pièce d'appui complémentaire (36) peuvent être déplacées ensemble, sachant que (i) l'entraînement primaire (30) peut être utilisé en tant qu'entraînement de forgeage et l'entraînement secondaire (40) utilisé en tant qu'entraînement de finition, et/ou sachant que (ii) la masse déplacée par l'entraînement secondaire (40) est plus petite que la masse déplacée par l'entraînement primaire (30) et/ou les forces de déformation pouvant être appliquées par l'entraînement secondaire (40) sont plus petites que les forces de déformation pouvant être appliquées par l'entraînement primaire (30).
  2. Procédé de forgeage d'une pièce (50) dans une presse à forger (10) avec une pièce d'appui supérieure (22) et une pièce d'appui inférieure (24) ainsi qu'un entraînement primaire (30) par le biais duquel un déplacement primaire efficace en déformation est entraîné entre la pièce d'appui supérieure (22) et la pièce d'appui inférieure (24), sachant que la pièce (50) est déformée en plus de la déformation causée par le déplacement primaire également par un déplacement secondaire efficace en déformation et entraîné par un entraînement secondaire (40), sachant que l'entraînement secondaire (40) entraîne une pièce d'appui secondaire (46) et que pour le déplacement secondaire de la pièce d'appui secondaire (46), la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) est déplacée indépendamment des modules de l'entraînement primaire (30) entraînant le déplacement primaire, sachant que l'entraînement secondaire (40) s'appuie sur un module chargé par l'entraînement primaire (30) avec des forces de déformation primaires en direction de la pièce (50), caractérisé en ce que ce module est fixé avant la déformation par la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) à un bâti de presse à forger (11) et est libéré avant le déplacement primaire et en ce que la pièce d'appui supérieure (22) ou la pièce d'appui inférieure (24) sont partagées en une pièce d'appui secondaire (46) et une pièce d'appui complémentaire (36) et que lors du déplacement secondaire de la pièce d'appui secondaire (46), seule la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) et lors du déplacement primaire, la pièce d'appui secondaire (46) et la pièce d'appui complémentaire (36) sont déplacées ensemble et en ce que la masse déplacée par l'entraînement secondaire (40) est plus petite que la masse déplacée par l'entraînement primaire (30) et/ou en ce que les forces de déformation pouvant être appliquées par l'entraînement secondaire (40) sont plus petites que les forces de déformation pouvant être appliquées par l'entraînement primaire (30) et en ce que l'entraînement primaire (30) est utilisé comme entraînement de forgeage et l'entraînement secondaire (40) utilisé comme entraînement de finition.
  3. Presse à forger selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la finition a lieu après le forgeage.
  4. Presse à forger (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'entraînement secondaire (40) est utilisé pour le forgeage sans matrice et l'entraînement primaire (30) utilisé pour le matriçage, sachant de préférence que la pièce (50) est d'abord préforgée par le biais de l'entraînement secondaire (40) dans le but de répartir la masse de la pièce (50) et est ensuite forgée définitivement par le biais de l'entraînement primaire (30).
  5. Procédé de forgeage selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement secondaire (40) est utilisé pour le forgeage sans matrice et l'entraînement primaire (30) utilisé pour le matriçage, sachant de préférence que la pièce (50) est d'abord préforgée par le biais de l'entraînement secondaire (40) dans le but de répartir la masse de la pièce (50) et est ensuite forgée définitivement par le biais de l'entraînement primaire (30).
EP17716773.1A 2016-03-04 2017-02-24 Presse à forger et procédé pour forger une pièce dans une presse à forger Active EP3423210B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016103927.6A DE102016103927A1 (de) 2016-03-04 2016-03-04 Schmiedepresse und Verfahren zum Schmieden eines Werkstücks in einer Schmiedepresse
PCT/DE2017/100149 WO2017148472A1 (fr) 2016-03-04 2017-02-24 Presse à forger et procédé pour forger une pièce dans une presse à forger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3423210A1 EP3423210A1 (fr) 2019-01-09
EP3423210B1 true EP3423210B1 (fr) 2022-04-06

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EP17716773.1A Active EP3423210B1 (fr) 2016-03-04 2017-02-24 Presse à forger et procédé pour forger une pièce dans une presse à forger

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3423210B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7107844B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN108712937B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016103927A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2921985T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017148472A1 (fr)

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DE102019001285A1 (de) * 2019-02-23 2020-08-27 AlDA EUROPE GmbH System eines Gestells für Pressen und Pressengestell
CN114311793A (zh) * 2022-01-06 2022-04-12 江门市金丰机械制造有限公司 一种混合动力的等功率下压力液压机
CN114801302B (zh) * 2022-05-25 2023-03-31 华中科技大学 一种内置变形补偿模块的智能压力机

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JP7107844B2 (ja) 2022-07-27
CN108712937B (zh) 2022-12-27
ES2921985T3 (es) 2022-09-05
DE102016103927A1 (de) 2017-09-07
JP2019507018A (ja) 2019-03-14
WO2017148472A1 (fr) 2017-09-08
EP3423210A1 (fr) 2019-01-09
CN108712937A (zh) 2018-10-26

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