Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
  • B60B3/00—Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body
  • B60B3/08—Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body with disc body formed by two or more axially spaced discs
  • B60B3/087—Discs having several mutual contact regions
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
  • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
  • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
  • B60B3/00—Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body
  • B60B3/002—Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body characterised by the shape of the disc
  • B60B3/004—Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body characterised by the shape of the disc in the hub section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
  • B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
  • B21D53/30—Making other particular articles wheels or the like wheel rims
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
  • B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
  • B60B2310/20—Shaping
  • B60B2310/208—Shaping by forging
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
  • B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
  • B60B2310/20—Shaping
  • B60B2310/211—Shaping by folding or bending
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
  • B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
  • B60B2310/20—Shaping
  • B60B2310/212—Shaping by drawing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
  • B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
  • B60B2360/10—Metallic materials
  • B60B2360/102—Steel

Definitions

• the invention relates to a commercial vehicle comprising a rim for receiving a tire and a rim connected to the wheel with a connection area for releasable connection to a wheel, wherein the wheel is formed from at least two parts which are interconnected. Furthermore, the
• the wheel dish Made of steel material and consist of a rim for receiving a tire and a rim connected to the wheel with a connection area for releasable connection to a wheel carrier. Both the wheel disc and the rim can be manufactured by means of spinning rollers.
• the connection area to the wheel carrier which has to have a minimum thickness for absorbing mechanical loads such as dynamic alternating stresses, the wheel dish has an approximately twice the material thickness compared to the transition area for connection to the rim.
• the spin forming thus has the advantage that the material can be pressed in particular stress and / or weight optimized during molding at stress critical points when using a steel material with a constant starting material thickness, so that different material thickness along the cross section at the wheel as well as in the Rim can be created, which can contribute to weight reduction compared to Radschdorfln and / or rims with a constant material thickness.
• Conventionally used steel materials are, for example, soft unalloyed steels or general structural steels (see, for example, pages 7-8, "Hot-rolled strip steel” Hohenlimburger Mittelband, 2005 edition, http://www.hoesch-rochlimburg.de/proiekt/web2013/HHOWebCMS.nsf
• the material thickness at least in the connection region to the wheel carrier, has a thickness greater than 10 mm, in particular of 14.2 mm, in order to meet the safety-relevant requirements.
• Material thickness can vary over the cross section and material thicknesses with, for example,> 8 mm currently not manufacturing technology and / or economically representable.
• German patent 40 25 064 is a method for the production of commercial vehicle wheels, in particular for the production of the wheel shells of
• Transition region for connection to the rim is oversized and this is therefore at the expense of the weight of the wheel.
• a wheel disc of several parts which has a first part which forms, for example, a base support of the wheel disc and covers substantially the two attachment areas. Since high strengths and stiffnesses are required in the connection area to the wheel carrier, the wheel disc in this area must also have a minimum thickness, which is a material doubling of parts from a hot-rolled steel (hot-rolled steel) in particular to reinforce the
• connection area is provided and which are joined together cohesively.
• the individual components are punched out of a hot strip, annular as needed
• the teaching further proposes to use the same material and the same material thickness for the individual parts of the reinforcing ring and also for the first part.
• the technology has further potential for improvement, in particular with regard to further weight reduction in commercial vehicle wheels.
• the invention had the object of providing a commercial vehicle wheel, which load and / or in comparison to the known prior art
• weight-optimized can be designed, as well as indicate a corresponding use.
• the object is achieved according to a first aspect of the invention.
• the inventor has surprisingly found by own investigations that by the use of a multi-phase steel alloy or heatable (curable)
• Steel alloy for at least one of the parts which form at least one component of the wheel dish a steel alloy is used which has a higher strength compared to the conventionally used material (unalloyed steels or structural steels).
• the at least two parts of the wheel disc are at least a first part and a second part.
• the multiphase steel alloy is a dual phase steel, a complex phase steel, a ferrite-bainite steel or a martensite phase steel alloy and the tensile strength of the multiphase steel alloy is at least 500 MPa, preferably at least 600 MPa and more preferably at least 700 MPa the structure of
• Multiphase steel alloy consists of at least two of the phases ferrite, bainite, austenite or martensite.
• the heat-treatable (hardenable) steel alloy is a hot-work or air-hardening steel alloy having a tensile strength of at least 700 MPa, preferably at least 800 MPa and more preferably at least 900 MPa, the structure of the heat-treatable steel alloy being predominantly martensite, in particular more than 90% of the microstructure consists of martensite. With increasing strength can be at substantially constant performance, the respective
• the above-mentioned steel alloys have higher cyclic bending fatigue strengths than the conventionally used steel concepts, which in particular can increase the service life of corresponding components and in particular a
• Multiphase steel alloy in particular the above, on average at least twice and tempering steel alloys on average at least three times the cyclic bending fatigue strength compared to the conventionally used
• the at least two parts each consist of a multi-phase steel alloy or a heat-treatable steel alloy.
• This has the particular advantage of equipping the wheel disc over the parts individually with one or different steel alloy and thereby with the same or different properties (tailored properties), which further potential for lightweight construction is given.
• the wheel disc is substantially cup-shaped, which has a central region with a central opening and a circumferential land area, in which a plurality of openings arranged around the center opening for receiving connecting means is provided, wherein at least a part of the land area
• Forming area for releasable connection to a wheel carrier and having a radially projecting to the web portion collar portion in which optionally openings are provided, wherein the collar portion comprises an end portion which forms the transition region for connection to a rim, in particular wherein the
• Web portion and the end portion is formed by at least a first part of the wheel dish.
• the first part of the wheel is formed as a basic carrier.
• the web area can for example be designed at least partially planar in order to provide a certain connection surface (contact surface) to the wheel carrier can.
• openings may be provided in the collar region which, for example, function as ventilation holes and / or additional weight of the commercial vehicle wheel can be reduced by targeted punching or removal of material.
• the second part on the side facing the wheel carrier has the advantage that, especially if the second part has a higher strength or lower breaking elongation than the first part, a local plasticization of the wheel disc can be substantially prevented in the area of the contact surface to the wheel carrier. If, on the other hand, the second part has a lower strength and, associated therewith, a higher elongation at break than the first part, this has the advantage, for example, that in the area of
• the alternative arrangement of the second part on the side facing away from the wheel carrier has the advantage that, in particular if the second part has a higher strength or a lower elongation at break than the first part, a higher biasing force of the connecting means
• the second part has a lower strength and, associated therewith, a higher elongation at break compared with the first part, this has the advantage, for example, that local stress peaks can be uniformed or distributed over a large area into the surrounding area in the area of the connection surface of the connecting means to reduce the notch sensitivity.
• the second part of the wheel dish protrudes into the collar area and is arranged at least partially in the collar area of the wheel disc, as a result of which at least in some areas additional
• At least a third part of the wheel bowl is substantially annular and
• a material tripling generated thereby which is provided at least locally in the connection region to a wheel carrier, allows, for example, an optimal design of the wheel disc, so that according to a preferred
• Hot-forming steel alloy in particular in the cured state, having.
• the high cyclic bending fatigue strength has a positive effect on the transmission of forces with frequent load changes from the rim to the wheel carrier.
• the second and the third part of the wheel disc are made, for example, of a multiphase steel alloy, in particular with a lower strength compared to the first part, which advantageously influence the local stress peaks both on the side of the connection surface of the connection means and on the side of the contact surface with the wheel carrier can.
• the parts / materials are initially each individually, for example by means of pressure forming, tensile forming,
• Deep drawing in particular by means of hot forming with at least partial
• the wheel disc is connected as a "built" version of the rim and possibly other parts or alternatively in the course of the connection to the rim, the individual parts of the wheel are connected to each other.
• a combination of said methods for generating the wheel disc is conceivable.
• the wheel disc consisting of at least two parts is connected to the rim and possibly other parts.
• the at least two parts of the wheel dish are material, force and / or form-fitting
• a small second part for partially stiffening the end-shaped web region of the wheel disc with a first part wherein both parts are initially formed as a starting material substantially round or rondenförmig, preferably annular, at least partially before and / or after molding cohesively connected with each other.
• the second part can be connected to the first part via a fillet weld, which can be implemented as MIG, MAG, laser or soldered seam.
• a fillet weld which can be implemented as MIG, MAG, laser or soldered seam.
• Alternative or cumulative are also other seam forms or joining methods, for example
• Friction stir welding, resistance spot welding or mechanical joining methods are conceivable.
• a polymer layer or structured lacquer may additionally be arranged, which may prevent penetration of spray water in particular and, associated therewith, corrosion between the parts of the wheel dish in later use.
• the polymer layer can consist of a silicone-containing layer, for example be a silicone adhesive film which is in particular melt-weldable as well as suitable for soldering.
• the second aspect of the invention relates to a use of a commercial vehicle wheel according to the invention in trucks, special vehicles, buses, buses, whether with internal combustion engine and / or electric drive, trailer or trailer.
• the commercial vehicle wheel according to the invention is used in particular as at least part of a twin wheel.
• FIG. 1a shows a schematic section through a first embodiment of a commercial vehicle wheel according to the invention
• FIG. 2a shows a schematic section through a second embodiment of a commercial vehicle wheel according to the invention
• FIG. 2b shows a second starting material in cross-section for producing a
• Figure 3a) and 3b) are schematic cross-sections through a third and fourth
• figure la is a section through a first embodiment of a
• the commercial vehicle wheel (1) comprises a rim (2) for receiving a tire (not shown) and a wheel dish (3) attached to the rim (2).
• the Radschadorel (3) consists of two parts (4, 5) formed, which are interconnected. The connection with each other can be material, positive and / or non-positive.
• the Radschadorel (3) is essentially cupped.
• the wheel disc comprises a central region (11) with a central opening (7) and a circumferential web region (12) in which a plurality of openings (8) arranged around the central opening (7) for receiving connection means, not shown, such as bolts and / or screws , are provided. At least part of the web region (12) forms the connection region (9) for detachable connection to a wheel carrier.
• the wheel dish (3) also has a to the
• Web portion (12) radially projecting collar portion (13), in which openings may be provided, which for example act as ventilation holes and / or save by deliberate punching or omission of material additional weight.
• the collar portion (13) comprises an end portion (14) which surrounds the
• Transition region for connection to the rim (2) forms.
• the web region (12) and the end region (14) are formed by at least the first part (4) of the wheel dish (3), in particular at least the first part (4) extends between the two
• the first part (4) is designed as a basic carrier of the wheel disc (3).
• the web region (12) is designed, for example, at least partially planar in order to be able to provide a certain connection surface (contact surface) to the wheel carrier.
• the second part (5) of the wheel disc (3) is substantially annular and in particular integrally formed and completely in the web area (12) arranged or covers it completely, wherein the second part (5) is arranged on the side facing the wheel carrier.
• connection area (9) awarded for releasable connection to a wheel carrier.
• the second part (5) of the wheel disc (3) projects into the collar region (13) or is at least
• the second part of the wheel at least partially in the web area on the side facing away from the wheel carrier may be arranged.
• a steel alloy is used which has a material compared to that conventionally used (unalloyed steels or structural steels). higher
• Has strength At substantially comparable or consistent performance low material thicknesses are used, which on the one hand have an advantageous effect on reducing the mass used and on the other hand higher cyclic bending fatigue strength, which in particular increase the life of the corresponding parts (4, 5) and in particular prevent premature material failure substantially.
• the starting material consists of a first, flat and annular material (4.1) and a second, flat and annular material (5.1), wherein the second material (5.1) is dimensioned smaller than the first material (4.1) and to increase the rigidity of the the wheel disc (3) to be generated connecting region (9) in the web region to be generated (12) with the first material (4.1) is positively, positively and / or materially connected.
• the execution corresponds to a tailored product, such as a patch where rk Blank.
• the center opening (7) can be before or after each
• the first material (4.1) consists of a multi-phase steel alloy, for example a dual-phase steel, a complex-phase steel, a ferrite-bainite steel or a
• Martensite phase steel alloy having a tensile strength of at least 500 MPa, preferably at least 600 MPa, more preferably at least 700 MPa, wherein the microstructure of the multiphase steel alloy consists of at least two of the phases ferrite, bainite, austenite or martensite, or of a heat treatable steel alloy, such as a hot forged steel or air-hardening steel alloy having a tensile strength of at least 700 MPa, preferably at least 800 MPa, more preferably at least 900 MPa, the structure of the heat-treatable steel alloy consisting predominantly of martensite, in particular more than 90% of martensite.
• the thickness of the first material (4.1) is between 3 and 8 mm.
• the second material (5.1) may consist of a
• Multiphase steel alloy or consist of a heat-treatable steel alloy, wherein the material (5.1) is identical to the first material (4.1) or with respect to at least one property, such as strength and / or elongation at break, different from the first material (4.1).
• the thickness of the second material (5.1) is between 3 and 8 mm.
• the use of the previous conventional Steel alloys as second material (5.1) is conceivable.
• Radschadorel (3) in the connected state shaped.
• the consisting of two parts (4, 5) Radschadorel (3) is to the rim (2) to produce a
• Figure 2a shows a second embodiment of an inventive
• the wheel disc (3 ') consists of three parts (4', 5 ', 6).
• the wheel dish (3 ') is in
• Substantially cup-shaped which has a central region (11) with a central opening (7) and a circumferential web region (12) in which a plurality of openings (8) arranged around the central opening (7) are provided for receiving connection means (not shown). At least part of the web region (12) forms the connection region (9 ') for detachable connection to a wheel carrier.
• the Radschadorel (3 ') further has a to the web portion (12') radially projecting
• Transition region for connection to the rim (2 ') forms.
• the web region (12 ') and the end region (14') are formed by at least the first part (4 ') of the wheel dish (3'), in particular at least the first part (4 ') extends between the two
• the first part (4 ') as a basic carrier of the wheel disc (3') is formed.
• the second part (5 ') of the wheel dish (3') is in
• connection region (9 ') of the web portion (12') wherein the second part (5 ') is arranged on the side facing the wheel carrier.
• Radschadorel (3 ') which is substantially annular and in particular integrally formed, at least partially in the web region (12') on the second part (5 ') of the wheel bowl (3') opposite side, in this example on the wheel opposite side, arranged.
• the starting materials for producing the wheel disc (3 ') are shown schematically in cross section.
• the starting materials consist of a first, cup-shaped material (4M), which already substantially corresponds to the geometry of the first part (4 ') and thus forms the basic support of the wheel disc (3'), a second, flat and annular material / part (5M), and a third, flat and annular material / part (6.1).
• Material / part (5'.1, 6.1) are preferably formed in one piece, wherein they have the same geometry and are dimensioned smaller than the first material (4M) and to increase the rigidity of the wheel at the bowl (3 ') to be produced
• the central opening (7) in this example was punched out prior to joining the three materials (4M, 5M, 6.1).
• the first material (4M) consists of a multiphase steel alloy or a heat treatable steel alloy. The thickness of the first material (4M) varies depending on
• the second and / or the third material (5M, 6.1) may consist of a multi-phase steel alloy or of a heat-treatable steel alloy.
• the thickness of the second and / or third material (5M, 6.1) is between 3 and 8 mm.
• Deep drawing in particular by means of hot forming with at least partial
• the first material (4M) is converted into a geometry which essentially corresponds to the geometry of the first part (4 '), thus preferably the geometry of the basic carrier of the wheel dish (3').
• the second and the third material (5M, 6.1) are joined to the first material (4M) or part (4.1) in a force-locking, positive and / or material-locking manner in order to stiffen the substantially end-shaped web region (12 '), in which case they depending on the design need not be made in a flat shape, but also may have a pre-geometry or final geometry.
• the openings (8) for receiving the connecting means can, as shown in this embodiment, respectively before or alternatively after the joining of the materials (4M, 5M, 6.1) are introduced.
• the wheel disc (3 ') "built" of the individual partly shaped materials (4M, 5M, 6.1) is connected to the rim (2') to produce a commercial vehicle wheel (12) (see Figure 2a)).
• Both Starting materials each consist of a first material (4 ".l, 4"'l) which consists of a multiphase steel alloy having a tensile strength of at least 500 MPa or of a heat-treatable steel alloy having a tensile strength of at least 700 MPa, and a second material ( 5 ".l, 5" .l), which in turn may consist of a multi-phase steel alloy or a heat-treatable steel alloy.
• the materials (4 “.l, 4"'. L, 5 “.l, 5" .l) are flat, annular and substantially round or ronde-shaped.
• FIG. 3a shows that the second material (5 ".1) is at least partially, in particular completely encircling, with the first material (4" .1) at the (outer) edge (5 ".3) of the second material (5". .L) via a fillet weld 16, which may be designed as MIG, MAG, laser or solder seam, is materially connected.
• a further connecting seam 17, which is provided at least partially, in particular completely circumferentially, on the (inner) edges (4 “.2, 5" .2) of the two materials (4 “.1, 5".
• Inner) edges (4 “.2, 5" .2) define the central opening (7), in addition to the reinforcement of the connection between the two materials / parts also ensure a tightness therebetween.
• a polymer layer (18) is additionally arranged, which prevents in particular splashing water and, associated therewith, corrosion between the parts of the end-shaped wheel bowl in FIG prevent later use.
• the polymer layer (18) consists, for example, of a silicone-containing layer, which is particularly suitable for fusion welding and soldering.
• Starting material are preferably cold or hot formed by means of flow-forming rollers to a wheel disc (see Figure la)).
• a wheel disc see Figure la
• deep drawing in particular hot forming with at least partial press hardening, can be used to produce a wheel disc.
• the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings and to the embodiments in the general description, but also the rim 2, 2 'of a multi-phase steel alloy or heat treatable
• Consist of steel alloy and preferably be designed by means of pressure rollers load and / or weight optimized. Furthermore, parts or the starting material for the production of the wheel disc and / or the rim of tailored products, for example, tailored blanks, tailored roiled blanks and / or patchwork blanks can be formed.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
• Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=57984932

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2016
  • 2016-02-10 DE DE102016202005.6A patent/DE102016202005A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2017
  • 2017-02-03 US US16/073,455 patent/US20210206198A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2017-02-03 CN CN201780010981.XA patent/CN108698437A/zh active Pending
  • 2017-02-03 EP EP17703719.9A patent/EP3414109A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-02-03 WO PCT/EP2017/052313 patent/WO2017137310A1/de active Application Filing

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