EP3380337A1 - Vehicle wheel with cover elements for the spaces between the spokes - Google Patents

Vehicle wheel with cover elements for the spaces between the spokes

Info

Publication number
EP3380337A1
EP3380337A1 EP16801491.8A EP16801491A EP3380337A1 EP 3380337 A1 EP3380337 A1 EP 3380337A1 EP 16801491 A EP16801491 A EP 16801491A EP 3380337 A1 EP3380337 A1 EP 3380337A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
elements
spokes
spoke
wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16801491.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3380337B1 (en
Inventor
Hubert SCHOLZ
Markus Fauser
Matthias Ruderer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP3380337A1 publication Critical patent/EP3380337A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3380337B1 publication Critical patent/EP3380337B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B7/00Wheel cover discs, rings, or the like, for ornamenting, protecting, venting, or obscuring, wholly or in part, the wheel body, rim, hub, or tyre sidewall, e.g. wheel cover discs, wheel cover discs with cooling fins
    • B60B7/0026Wheel cover discs, rings, or the like, for ornamenting, protecting, venting, or obscuring, wholly or in part, the wheel body, rim, hub, or tyre sidewall, e.g. wheel cover discs, wheel cover discs with cooling fins characterised by the surface
    • B60B7/0066Wheel cover discs, rings, or the like, for ornamenting, protecting, venting, or obscuring, wholly or in part, the wheel body, rim, hub, or tyre sidewall, e.g. wheel cover discs, wheel cover discs with cooling fins characterised by the surface the dominant aspect being the surface structure
    • B60B7/0086Wheel cover discs, rings, or the like, for ornamenting, protecting, venting, or obscuring, wholly or in part, the wheel body, rim, hub, or tyre sidewall, e.g. wheel cover discs, wheel cover discs with cooling fins characterised by the surface the dominant aspect being the surface structure having cooling fins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B1/00Spoked wheels; Spokes thereof
    • B60B1/06Wheels with compression spokes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B3/00Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body
    • B60B3/10Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body apertured to simulate spoked wheels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B7/00Wheel cover discs, rings, or the like, for ornamenting, protecting, venting, or obscuring, wholly or in part, the wheel body, rim, hub, or tyre sidewall, e.g. wheel cover discs, wheel cover discs with cooling fins
    • B60B7/04Wheel cover discs, rings, or the like, for ornamenting, protecting, venting, or obscuring, wholly or in part, the wheel body, rim, hub, or tyre sidewall, e.g. wheel cover discs, wheel cover discs with cooling fins built-up of several main parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B7/00Wheel cover discs, rings, or the like, for ornamenting, protecting, venting, or obscuring, wholly or in part, the wheel body, rim, hub, or tyre sidewall, e.g. wheel cover discs, wheel cover discs with cooling fins
    • B60B7/06Fastening arrangements therefor
    • B60B7/061Fastening arrangements therefor characterised by the part of the wheels to which the discs, rings or the like are mounted
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00Vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2310/00Manufacturing methods
    • B60B2310/30Manufacturing methods joining
    • B60B2310/318Manufacturing methods joining by adhesive bonding, e.g. glueing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2360/00Materials; Physical forms thereof
    • B60B2360/30Synthetic materials
    • B60B2360/34Reinforced plastics
    • B60B2360/341Reinforced plastics with fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/10Reduction of
    • B60B2900/121Resisting forces
    • B60B2900/1216Resisting forces due to air-drag
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/50Improvement of
    • B60B2900/513Cooling, e.g. of brakes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle wheel with spokes on which cover elements are provided for a spoke gap, which deform depending on temperature such that at higher temperatures, air passage through a portion of the spoke gap is possible, which is covered at lower temperatures by the cover is.
  • cover elements are provided for a spoke gap, which deform depending on temperature such that at higher temperatures, air passage through a portion of the spoke gap is possible, which is covered at lower temperatures by the cover is.
  • a first solution to this problem is for a Fzg.-wheel with spokes according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the cover elements do not cover the respective spoke gaps completely over each space and each space in addition to a temperature-dependent deforming cover a rigid cover element is provided continuously covers the cadence space allocated to it.
  • An alternative second solution to this problem is for a Fzg.
  • Wheel with spokes according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that in each spoke space two in the wheel circumferential direction adjacent cover elements are provided, which are attached to different spokes and close in the non-deformed state with their edges facing away from the spokes closely, while viewed in the deformed state of the cover in Rad-Drehachsplatz outwardly from the vehicle is curved and the other Cover is curved inward toward the vehicle.
  • the cover elements in the undeformed state, which they at normal or lower temperatures, i. assume in the usual state, an at least approximately planar shape, while in the deformed and only at higher temperatures, which set as a result of a stronger braking of the vehicle equipped with this wheel, suitably curved or otherwise uneven.
  • the said deformation or curvature can of course only be set in such a region of a cover element which is sufficiently free, i. not tied in any way.
  • one of these two cover elements bulges from the outside of the wheel outward from the vehicle and the other towards the vehicle - this is a larger and streamlined designed inflow represented as the former (on the other hand easier to implement) proposed solution.
  • it is also preferably provided in the first proposed solution to attach the cover on one and the cover member on the other of the two spokes defining the spoke gap.
  • this cover element has a substantially planar shape and with this (essentially two-dimensional) plane is at least approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel. Rather, this cover element can also be suitably curved and then, if the cover allows this due to its temperature-dependent deformation, quasi assume a guiding function or vane function for a through the associated spoke space to leading through air flow.
  • this cover element may also be curved further outward away from the wheel outer side (with reference to the vehicle on which the wheel is mounted), wherein the temperature-dependent deforming cover prevents at lower temperatures in the non-deformed state with the help of its proper shape then unwanted air flow through the spoke space.
  • the cover in the non-deformed state may also be slightly on the inside of the cover element, ie rest on the side facing the vehicle, but this feature is by no means obligatory. It is advantageous in the case of such a non-planar design of the cover element in any case, if the cover deforms at higher temperatures to the wheel inside or to the vehicle, while in the case of at least approximately flat cover element a better, ie for a desired cooling Air flow through the spoke interspaces through aerodynamic shape of the (in the non-deformed state substantially flat) cover member results when it deforms with its free end portion at higher temperatures to the outside, ie away from the vehicle, for example, arches.
  • a favorable deformation of the cover results when said abstracted spoken composed of at least two closely spaced plate elements, which consist of materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion in view of the desired bimetallic effect and to achieve a desired Deformation due to different thermal expansion are suitably coupled together.
  • the document mentioned at the outset describes that such a layer composite can be formed by casting or injecting a plastic layer onto a fiber layer.
  • at least two superimposed plate elements are now proposed for the cover element, which are connected to each other in a point-locking manner with respect to at least one axial direction of a (Cartesian) coordinate system lying in the contact surface of the plate elements and perpendicular to the contact surface.
  • connection can be, for example, imagine similar to the known LEGO building blocks, but which should differ from the LEGO design in the individual point form-fitting connection points each have at least a slight undercut to a secure positive connection in the contact surface of the plate elements to offer vertical direction.
  • the positive connection by circular holes or slots in the first plate member and cooperating with these spherical elements may be formed on the second plate member.
  • EP 2 475 475 B1 although there the positive connection is provided only for the loose prefixing of a first component to a second component and there the final connection of these components takes place cohesively.
  • slots in such a form-fitting has the particular advantage that thus a defined buckling direction can be set in the context of temperature-dependent deformation of the respective cover after such a slot for the cooperating ball offers a degree of freedom in one direction.
  • the slots of the positive connection between the plate elements of a cover are thus preferably oriented such that a temperature-dependent buckling of the temperature-dependent deforming cover to an at least approximately in the radial direction of the wheel extending axis takes place, since thus set best inflow for an air flow in the associated spoke gap.
  • the cover and / or the cover elements can be glued to the spokes or connected in general materially.
  • a frictional connection is also possible, which can be detachable (in the form of a screw connection).
  • a positive connection for example. Again in the form of a provided at several points selectively positive connection with balls on the first element and circular holes on the second element.
  • a positive connection in conjunction with an adhesive connection is possible, for example, to protect it on the cover hot-pressed pins protrude into holes provided in the spokes.
  • An inventive cover member is preferably at least partially made of plastic material, in which reinforcing fibers are included.
  • a plate element of the cover which consists of a thermoplastic material, for example.
  • Spherical elements which are to produce an already mentioned positive connection to another plate element, which may, for example, consist of a light metal, be welded This is an already mentioned undercut in the positive connection easy represented.
  • the holes or slots in the other plate member can then be easily machined.
  • both or all plate elements of a cover made of plastic materials the (desired for the bimetal effect) different thermal expansion behavior can be represented by a different proportion and / or different type of reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic mass.
  • a vehicle wheel according to the invention does not have to comprise cover elements composed of plate elements; Rather, these may, for example, also consist of different cohesively interconnected plastic layers (for example, which are injection-molded onto one another), which differ in terms of the reinforcing fibers contained therein in particular by their volume fraction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vehicle wheel according to the invention in an isometric view
  • FIG. 2 shows its view from the outside of the vehicle in the direction of rotation of the wheel
  • FIG. 3 shows an isometric view of a wheel according to the invention with two slightly deformed cover elements in the spoke space
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the detail E from FIG.
  • Figure 5 shows a low isometric view of a single spoke space with removed cover and cover element to illustrate their attachment
  • Figure 6 shows a similar section with only one spoke in a slightly modified form
  • Figures 7, 8 show highly abstracted in an isometric view of other possible connection concepts for a cover on a wheel spoke, while Figure 9 shows such a representation of a possible construction of a cover.
  • FIG. 10 shows (rotated) the section A- A from Fig.9.
  • like elements are identified by the same reference numerals.
  • a one-piece wheel of a vehicle in particular a passenger car, the reference numeral 1.
  • a tire is mounted and it is the rim 1a connected here five spokes b with the central hub portion 1c of the wheel, in which arranged in a circle five mounting holes 1d are provided for receiving wheel bolts, by means of which the wheel can be flanged as usual on a wheel of a vehicle.
  • spoke gap W Between adjacent in the circumferential direction of the wheel U spokes 1 b is open at conventional wheels, i. practically a breakthrough representing spoke gap W, through which in particular air can flow.
  • at least one spoke gap W, but preferably each of the spoke gap W is partially covered or coverable in certain areas by means of at least one cover element 2.
  • a cover element 2 is provided for each spoke space W, and a cover element 3 is arranged next to the cover arranged in the circumferential direction of the wheel U.
  • both the cover element 3 and the cover element 2 in its undeformed (and thus at lower temperatures state) has a substantially planar shape, ie, these elements 2, 3 then no significant curvature.
  • the cover element 2 and the cover element 3 extend as far as possible outwards almost to the edge K of the (usual) rim flange of the rim 1a.
  • the cover element 2 and the cover element 3 terminate at a certain distance from the Hub portion 1c of the wheel 1, so that a near-nabennaher portion of the spoke space W is not covered at all.
  • the wheel circumferential direction U characterizing arrow also indicates the usual direction of rotation of the wheel mounted on the vehicle during forward travel of the vehicle, which is why in the further spoken by the direction of rotation or the sense of rotation U of the wheel.
  • the cover element 2 lying on the right in the wheel rotation direction U next to or behind the cover element 3 in the spoke space W in the spoke space W is at the wheel spoke U on the right or leading spoke 1b of the respective spoke gap W in a manner to be explained later fastened and lying in the wheel rotation direction U before or to the left of the cover 2 cover element 3 is attached to the left in the wheel rotational direction U or lagging spoke 1 b of the respective spoke gap W in later explained manner.
  • the wheel 1 considered - this extends in Figure 2 perpendicular to the plane - are the cover 2 and the cover elements 3 as far outside, ie as close as possible in the direction of the viewer, then when the cover 2 its shape at lower temperatures has a flush as possible, ie with the observer facing outer sides of the spokes 1 b streamlined and smoothest possible surface to achieve similar to an annular disc, the spoke spaces W at least in their radially outer portions best covers to lowest possible air resistance or Drag coefficient of the vehicle on which the wheel 1 is mounted to achieve.
  • the mutually facing (and approximately in the radial direction R extending) end edges of lying in a spoke space W cover 2 and cover elements 3 are as close as possible flush with each other.
  • the cover 2 are temperature-dependent deformed such that this starting from the described in the paragraph above flush or when moving the vehicle streamlined coverage of the spoke spaces W at higher temperatures in the immediate vicinity of the cover 3 (and especially at higher temperatures on the rear side facing away from the observer from FIG. 2), also in the region of the spoke spaces W covered by them, allowing air to pass through said region.
  • a wheel brake provided on the side of the wheel facing the vehicle should or can be cooled by an air flow when strongly heated.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 in FIGS. 3, 4 explained below, ie, while in FIGS. 1, 2 the cover elements 2 are shown in their undeformed and thus conventional state, FIGS the local cover elements 2, 2 1 in the deformed state due to higher temperatures.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the rear cover element 2 '(deformed state shown in the figuratively form) is curved outwards, ie, away from the vehicle, in particular in its end area facing the front cover element 2, so that between the two cover elements 2, 2 ', a gap S is formed, through the cooling air and then further through the spoke between Spatial W can pass through from the wheel outer side to the wheel inside and the wheel brake lying there.
  • This gap S is enlarged by the fact that the front (and in the illustration of Figure 4 also further forward, ie closer to the viewer) cover 2, which is also shown here in the deformed state, in its the other cover 2 'facing End portion due to higher temperatures slightly inward, that is arched to the vehicle facing the inside of the wheel out - although this is barely visible in these figure representations).
  • cover 2 In the non-deformed state, not shown, the mutually facing edges of the cover elements 2, 2 'are as close as possible to each other.
  • the cover element 2 which deforms in a temperature-dependent manner is preferably designed in such a way that it bulges outwards (analogously to the cover element 2 'of the example of FIGS. 3, 4) at higher temperatures hereby a streamlined or larger gap S between the curved or deformed cover 2 and the cover element 3 can be displayed as if the deformation or curvature would take place towards the inside of the wheel.
  • FIGS. 3, 4 A further possible exemplary embodiment of the invention can now be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, in which the cover elements indicated by the reference numeral 2 'in FIGS. 3, 4 are designed as non-deformable cover elements and thus the reference numeral 3 instead of the reference numeral 2' would wear.
  • the cover elements (3) of this further possible exemplary embodiment would be uneven (unlike the cover elements 3 of the first exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2) and have an effect in the state of the cover elements 2 shown in FIGS. 3, 4 as air guide vanes or the like arched outside Cover elements 3, the cover elements 2 would deform differently than in the first embodiment preferably inwardly.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a possible embodiment for the attachment of a cover member (2, 2 '- not shown) and cover members (3 - also not shown).
  • cover member (2, 2 '- not shown) and cover members (3 - also not shown) are primarily attached to the spokes 1b, since there is a sufficiently large area for secure attachment available and there allows a fortification, the deformable cover even with its rim flange (or its outer edge K) facing the edge area of the rim flange stand to let and thus represent the largest possible gap or space for the passage of air flow through the spoke space W can.
  • FIG. 1 As shown in FIG.
  • a fastening flange 4 is provided on each spoke 1b at its side facing the respective or adjacent spoke space W, which is initially planar and provides a possibility for the attachment of here three (possibly additional) fastening elements 5.
  • the cover (2) or cover element (3) can be glued or be with a correspondingly shaped surface portion and it may additionally be provided as fasteners 5 non-positive or positive locking elements.
  • a mounting flange 4 is suitably formed on the basic structure of the spoke 1 b and there are provided as fastening elements 5 'rivet-like pins on this mounting flange 4, to which the cover (2) or cover element (3) with corresponding holes quasi plugged, according to which then a rivet head can be formed from the then protruding portions of these pins.
  • FIG. 7 shows another possibility for producing an adhesive bond or other type of connection between a cover element 2 (or cover element) and a spoke 1b only in principle.
  • the cover element 2 is composed of two plate elements 2a, 2b consisting of which are formed with their larger plate surfaces over a wide range firmly resting on each other of materials with different thermal expansion coefficients.
  • the plate element 2b is angled relative to the plate element 2a, i. an end strip of the plate element 2b projects there, for example, at a right angle from the plate surface of the plate element 2a.
  • FIG. 8 also shows a further possibility of fastening a cover element 2 (or cover element) to the spoke 1b.
  • an end strip of the cover element 2 intended for attachment is angled, but here completely different from FIG. 7, ie in the case of several superimposed ones Plate elements are all these angled.
  • This angled end strip is now suitably flange-mounted, eg glued and / or screwed on, directly to the inner space of the spoke (W) or, in addition to a cohesive adhesive bond in the manner of a clip connection, connected in a form-locking manner to a plurality of here four positive-locking points 5 ".
  • This form-fitting connection has an undercut and can by circular holes, for example. In the spoke 1b and cooperating with these spherical elements on the cover 2, which under slightly elastic Deformation in the respective associated hole in the spoke 1b are pressed, be formed.
  • FIGS. 9, 10 a possible and exclusively positive connection between the two plate elements 2a, 2b of a cover element 2 similar to the last-mentioned positive connection will now be explained.
  • a top plate section 2b located in FIG. 9 and lying on the right in the sectional view of FIG. 10
  • holes are formed through which, in the assembled state of the plate elements 2a, 2b, respectively a spherical element 6, which at the bottom in FIG 10) is firmly attached (eg welded) to a suitable location, at least as far as protruding, so that an undercut H emerging from FIG.
  • the two plate elements 2a, 2b are thus not only in the z-direction of a Cartesian coordinate system perpendicular to the plate surface, but also in the x-direction and y-direction of this with its origin, for example. in the plate surface plane between the two plate elements 2a, 2b coordinate system is fixed in a form-fitting fully to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle wheel (1) having spokes (1b), on which cover elements (2, 2') are provided for a space (W) between the spokes, which deform according to the temperature in such a way that, at higher temperatures, a passage of air through a region of the space between the spokes is possible, which is covered by the the cover element at lower temperatures. In this way, the cover elements do not entirely cover the respective spaces between the spokes, and a rigid cap element (3) is provided per intermediate space in addition to a cover element deforming according to the temperature. Alternatively, two cover elements (2, 2') are provided in each space between the spokes, next to one another in the circumferential direction of the wheel, wherein in the deformed state, one of the cover elements is curved outwards and the other cover element is curved inwards towards the vehicle. The invention also relates to an advantageously configured cover element consisting of two plate elements (2a, 2b) that are interlockingly connected to one another.

Description

Fahrzeug-Rad mit Abdeckelementen für die Speichen-Zwischenräume  Vehicle wheel with cover elements for the spoke gaps
Beschreibung description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeug-Rad mit Speichen, an denen Abdeckelemente für einen Speichen-Zwischenraum vorgesehen sind, welche sich temperaturabhängig derart verformen, dass bei höheren Temperaturen ein Luftdurchtritt durch einen Bereich des Speichen-Zwischenraums möglich ist, welcher bei niedrigeren Temperaturen vom Abdeckelement abgedeckt ist. Zum Stand der Technik wird beispielshalber auf die DE 10 2013 222 044 A1 verwiesen. The invention relates to a vehicle wheel with spokes on which cover elements are provided for a spoke gap, which deform depending on temperature such that at higher temperatures, air passage through a portion of the spoke gap is possible, which is covered at lower temperatures by the cover is. For example, reference is made to DE 10 2013 222 044 A1 for the state of the art.
Um die Räder eines Fahrzeugs im Hinblick auf einen geringen Luftwiderstand möglichst strömungsgünstig zu gestalten, wäre es vorteilhaft, wenn deren Ringabschnitt zwischen dem Nabenbereich und der einen Luftreifen aufnehmenden Felge außenseitig vollständig abgedeckt wäre, jedoch ist dies jedenfalls bei zweispurigen Kraftfahrzeugen, bei denen üblicherweise Radbremsen auf der dem Fahrzeug zugewandten Rad-Innenseite angeordnet sind, wegen der im Bedarfsfall erforderlichen Kühlung der Radbremsen nicht kontinuierlich darstellbar. Daher wurden bereits unterschiedliche Ausgestaltungen vorgeschlagen, wie die bei herkömmlichen Speichenrädern zwischen den Rad-Speichen liegenden Speichen-Zwischenräume veränderlich abgedeckt werden können, dahingehend, dass diese Zwischenräume bei niedrigeren Temperaturen abgedeckt sind und bei höheren Temperaturen, welche sich bei einem Bremsvorgang als Folge der Wärmeentwicklung an der als Reibungsbremse ausgebildeten Radbremse einstellen, geöffnet sind, um dann eine Abkühlung der Radbremse durch zu dieser vermehrt gelangende Umgebungsluft zu bewirken. In order to make the wheels of a vehicle as aerodynamic as possible in terms of low air resistance, it would be advantageous if the ring portion between the hub portion and the rim receiving a pneumatic tire would be completely covered on the outside, but this is at least in two-lane motor vehicles, where usually wheel brakes the wheel facing the vehicle inside are arranged, because of the need for cooling of the wheel brakes not continuously displayed. Therefore, various designs have already been proposed as to how the spoked interstices between conventional spoked wheels between the wheel spokes can be variably covered, in that these spaces are covered at lower temperatures and at higher temperatures resulting in braking as a result of heat generation at Set the designed as a friction brake wheel brake, are open to then cause a cooling of the wheel by this increasingly reaching reaching ambient air.
In der eingangs genannten Schrift sind Abdeckelemente für die Speichenzwischenräume eines Fahrzeug-Rades in Form einer dort sog. Felgenabdeckung mit Flügelelementen gezeigt, welche als Schichtverbund aus Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten ausgebildet sind und die sich somit unter Nutzung des Bimetallefekts selbsttätig geeignet verformen. Bspw. diese an sich überzeugende Technologie soll vorliegend in einer konstruktiv zuverlässigen Form dargestellt werden, d.h. vorliegend soll aufgezeigt werden, wie verformbare Abdeckelemente für die Speichen-Zwischenräume eines Rades eines Fahrzeugs und insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, welches mit hoher Fahrgeschwindigkeit bewegt werden kann, gestaltet und am Rad angebracht sein können. Insbesondere sollen diese Abdeckelemente auch bei Fahrgeschwindigkeiten in der Größenordnung von 200 km/h sicher am Rad verbleiben und bei einer geringeren Geschwindigkeit bspw. in der Größenordnung von 100 km/h voll funktionsfähig sein, d.h. den zuvor abgedeckten Bereich eines Speichenzwischenraums ohne Schädigung freilegen zu können (= Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung). In the above-mentioned document cover elements for the spoke spaces of a vehicle wheel in the form of there so-called. Rim cover with wing elements are shown, which are formed as a layer composite of materials with different thermal expansion coefficients and thus deform automatically using the Bimetallefekts suitable. For example. this intrinsically convincing technology is to be presented here in a constructively reliable form, i. In the present case is to be shown how deformable cover elements for the spoke gaps of a wheel of a vehicle and in particular of a motor vehicle, which can be moved at high speed, designed and mounted on the wheel. In particular, these cover elements should remain securely on the wheel even at driving speeds of the order of 200 km / h and be fully functional at a lower speed, for example of the order of 100 km / h, ie. to be able to expose the previously covered area of a spoke gap without damage (= object of the present invention).
Eine erste Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist für ein Fzg.-Rad mit Speichen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abdeckelemente die jeweiligen Speichen-Zwischenräume nicht vollflächig überdecken und je Zwischenraum neben einem sich temperaturabhängig verformenden Abdeckelement ein starres Deckelement vorgesehen ist, das den ihm zugeordneten Speichenzwischenraum-Bereich kontinuierlich abdeckt. Eine alternative zweite Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist für ein Fzg.-Rad mit Speichen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in jedem Speichenzwischenraum zwei in Rad-Umfangsrichtung nebeneinander liegende Abdeckelemente vorgesehen sind, die an verschieden Speichen befestigt sind und die im nicht verformen Zustand mit ihren den Speichen abgewandten Kanten eng aneinander grenzen, während im verformten Zustand eines der Abdeckelemente in Rad-Drehachsrichtung betrachtet nach außen vom Fahrzeug weg gewölbt ist und das andere Abdeckelement nach innen zum Fahrzeug hin gewölbt ist. Vorteilhafte Aus- und Weiterbildungen sind Inhalt der Unteransprüche. A first solution to this problem is for a Fzg.-wheel with spokes according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the cover elements do not cover the respective spoke gaps completely over each space and each space in addition to a temperature-dependent deforming cover a rigid cover element is provided continuously covers the cadence space allocated to it. An alternative second solution to this problem is for a Fzg. Wheel with spokes according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that in each spoke space two in the wheel circumferential direction adjacent cover elements are provided, which are attached to different spokes and close in the non-deformed state with their edges facing away from the spokes closely, while viewed in the deformed state of the cover in Rad-Drehachsrichtung outwardly from the vehicle is curved and the other Cover is curved inward toward the vehicle. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are content of the dependent claims.
Vorzugsweise weisen die Abdeckelemente im nicht verformten Zustand, welchen sie bei normalen oder niedrigeren Temperaturen, d.h. im üblichen Zustand einnehmen, eine zumindest annähernd ebene Form auf, während sie im verformten und nur bei höheren Temperaturen, die sich in Folge eines stärkeren Bremsvorganges des mit diesem Rad ausgerüsteten Fahrzeugs einstellen, geeignet gewölbt oder auf sonstige Weise uneben sind. Die besagte Verformung oder Wölbung kann sich dabei selbstverständlich nur in einem solchen Bereich eines Abdeckelementes einstellen, welcher ausreichend frei, d.h. nicht in irgendeiner Weise angebunden ist. Preferably, the cover elements in the undeformed state, which they at normal or lower temperatures, i. assume in the usual state, an at least approximately planar shape, while in the deformed and only at higher temperatures, which set as a result of a stronger braking of the vehicle equipped with this wheel, suitably curved or otherwise uneven. The said deformation or curvature can of course only be set in such a region of a cover element which is sufficiently free, i. not tied in any way.
Übliche Kraftfahrzeug-Räder heutiger Personenkraftwagen besitzen eine relativ geringe Zahl von Speichen, in der Größenordnung von vier bis neun, womit sich relativ großflächige Speichenzwischenräume ergeben. Ein einziges somit auch relativ großes Abdeckelement wäre im den Speichenzwischenraum freilegenden Zustand zumindest bei höheren Fahrgeschwindigkeiten sehr hohen Kräften ausgesetzt, was eine konstruktiv sichere Lösung erheblich erschwert. Daher deckt ein erfindungsgemäßes Abdeckelement nur einen Teilbereich eines Speichenzwischenraumes ab und ist somit kleiner gestaltet, so dass die hierauf einwirkenden Kräfte und Momente geringer sind, wobei erkannt wurde, dass auch ein solches kleineres Abdeckelement im Bedarfsfall einen ausreichenden Durchtritt von Kühlluft durch den dann offengelegten Teilbereich des Speichenzwischenraumes ermöglichen kann. Zur Darstellung eines relativ niedrigen Luftwider- Standes jedenfalls im diesen Teilbereich abdeckenden Zustand ist neben dem nur einen Teilbereich des Speichenzwischenraumes überdeckenden Abdeckelement nach der ersten vorgeschlagenen Lösung ein weiteres Deckelement vorgesehen, welches sich nicht nennenswert verformt und daher sozusagen starr einen anderen Bereich des Speichenzwischenraumes kontinuierlich abdeckt. Nach dem zweiten Lösungsvorschlag ist (in Umfangs- richtung des Rades betrachtet) neben einem ersten (und an der ersten Rand-Speiche des Speichenzwischenraumes befestigten) verformbaren Abdeckelement ein zweites verformbares Abdeckelement an der anderen Speiche dieses Speichenzwischenraumes befestigt vorgesehen, die im nicht verformten Zustand möglichst nahe aneinander grenzen. Im bei höherer Temperatur verformten Zustand wölbt sich eines dieser beiden Abdeckelemente von der Radaußenseite nach außen vom Fahrzeug weg und das andere nach innen zum Fahrzeug hin - hiermit ist ein größerer und strömungsgünstiger gestalteter Einströmquerschnitt darstellbar als beim erstgenannten (andererseits einfacher umsetzbaren) Lösungsvorschlag. Im Übrigen ist auch beim erstgenannten Lösungsvorschlag bevorzugt vorgesehen, das Abdeckelement an einer und das Deckelement an der anderen der beiden den Speichenzwischenraum begrenzenden Speichen zu befestigen. Conventional motor vehicle wheels of today's passenger cars have a relatively small number of spokes, on the order of four to nine, resulting in relatively large spans of space. A single thus also relatively large cover member would be exposed in the crevice space exposing state, at least at higher speeds very high forces, which significantly complicates a structurally safe solution. Therefore, a cover according to the invention covers only a portion of a spoke space and is thus made smaller, so that the forces and moments acting thereon are lower, it was recognized that even such a smaller cover in case of need sufficient passage of cooling air through the then disclosed portion of the spoke gap. To illustrate a relatively low air resistance Booth in any case covering this sub-area next to only a portion of the spoke space covering cover after the first proposed solution, another cover element is provided, which does not appreciably deformed and thus, so to speak, rigidly covers another area of the spoke gap. According to the second proposed solution is considered (viewed in the circumferential direction of the wheel) next to a first (and attached to the first edge spoke of the spoke space) deformable cover a second deformable cover attached to the other spoke of this spoke space provided as possible in the undeformed state close to each other. In the deformed at a higher temperature state, one of these two cover elements bulges from the outside of the wheel outward from the vehicle and the other towards the vehicle - this is a larger and streamlined designed inflow represented as the former (on the other hand easier to implement) proposed solution. Incidentally, it is also preferably provided in the first proposed solution to attach the cover on one and the cover member on the other of the two spokes defining the spoke gap.
Bei Vorsehen eines starren, sich nicht verformenden Deckelements ist es im Übrigen nicht obligatorisch, dass dieses Deckelement eine im wesentlichen ebene Formgebung aufweist und mit dieser (im wesentlichen zweidimensionalen) Ebene zumindest annähernd auf der Drehachse des Rades senkrecht steht. Vielmehr kann dieses Deckelement auch geeignet gewölbt gestaltet sein und dann, wenn das Abdeckelement dies aufgrund seiner temperaturabhängigen Verformung zulässt, quasi eine Leit-Funktion oder Schaufel- Funktion für einen durch den zugehörigen Speichenzwischenraum hindurch zu führenden Luftstrom übernehmen. Hierfür kann dieses Deckelement auch von der (unter Bezugnahme auf das Fahrzeug, an welchem das Rad montiert ist) Rad-Außenseite weg weiter nach außen gewölbt sein, wobei das sich temperaturabhängig verformende Abdeckelement bei geringeren Temperaturen im nicht verformten Zustand mit Hilfe seiner geeigneten Formgebung einen dann nicht gewünschten Luftstrom durch den Speichenzwischenraum verhindert. Hierfür kann das Abdeckelement im nicht verformten Zustand auch geringfügig an der Innenseite des Deckelements, d.h. an dessen dem Fahrzeug zugewandten Seite anliegen, jedoch ist dieses Merkmal keinesfalls obligatorisch. Vorteilhaft ist es im Falle einer solchen nicht ebenen Gestaltung des Deckelements jedenfalls, wenn sich das Abdeckelement bei höheren Temperaturen zur Rad-Innenseite bzw. zum Fahrzeug hin verformt, während sich im Falle eines zumindest annähernd ebenen Deckelementes eine bessere, d.h. für einen erwünschten Kühl- Luftstrom durch die Speichenzwischenräume hindurch strömungsgünstigere Form des (im nicht verformten Zustand im wesentlichen ebenen) Abdeckelements ergibt, wenn sich dieses mit seinem freien Endbereich bei höheren Temperaturen nach außen, d.h. vom Fahrzeug weg verformt, bspw. wölbt. When providing a rigid, non-deforming cover element, it is not mandatory, moreover, that this cover element has a substantially planar shape and with this (essentially two-dimensional) plane is at least approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel. Rather, this cover element can also be suitably curved and then, if the cover allows this due to its temperature-dependent deformation, quasi assume a guiding function or vane function for a through the associated spoke space to leading through air flow. For this purpose, this cover element may also be curved further outward away from the wheel outer side (with reference to the vehicle on which the wheel is mounted), wherein the temperature-dependent deforming cover prevents at lower temperatures in the non-deformed state with the help of its proper shape then unwanted air flow through the spoke space. For this purpose, the cover in the non-deformed state may also be slightly on the inside of the cover element, ie rest on the side facing the vehicle, but this feature is by no means obligatory. It is advantageous in the case of such a non-planar design of the cover element in any case, if the cover deforms at higher temperatures to the wheel inside or to the vehicle, while in the case of at least approximately flat cover element a better, ie for a desired cooling Air flow through the spoke interspaces through aerodynamic shape of the (in the non-deformed state substantially flat) cover member results when it deforms with its free end portion at higher temperatures to the outside, ie away from the vehicle, for example, arches.
Weiterhin wurde erkannt, dass es für die Erzielung einer signifikanten Verbesserung des Luftwiderstandsbeiwertes eines Personenkraftwagens ausreichend ist, wenn an dessen Speichenrädern insbesondere der in Radialrichtung weiter außen liegende Teilbereich der Speichenzwischenräume bestmöglich abgedeckt wird bzw. abdeckbar ist, während nabennahe (d.h. in der Nähe des Radmittelpunktes liegende) Abschnitte der Speichenzwischenräume kontinuierlich offen bleiben können, was den Vorteil bietet, dass ein Kühlluftdurchtritt zwischen den Speichen nie völlig unterbunden ist. Furthermore, it was recognized that it is sufficient for achieving a significant improvement of the coefficient of air resistance of a passenger car, if at its spoked wheels in particular the radially outermost portion of the spoke spaces is best covered or coverable, while near the nadir (ie in the vicinity of the Radmittelpunktes lying) sections of the spoke spaces can remain open continuously, which offers the advantage that a cooling air passage between the spokes is never completely prevented.
Ein günstiges Verformen des Abdeckelements ergibt sich, wenn dieses abstrahiert gesprochen aus zumindest zwei möglichst dicht aufeinander liegenden Plattenelementen zusammengesetzt ist, die im Hinblick auf den erwünschten Bimetalleffekt aus Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten bestehen und zur Erzielung einer gewünschten Verformung aufgrund unterschiedlicher Wärmeausdehnung geeignet aneinander gekoppelt sind. In der eingangs genannten Schrift ist beschrieben, dass ein solcher Schichtverbund durch Angießen oder Anspritzen einer Kunststoffschicht an eine Faserschicht gebildet sein kann. Vorliegend werden nun für das Abdeckelement zumindest zwei aufeinander liegende Plattenelemente vorgeschlagen, die an mehreren Stellen punktuell bezüglich zumindest einer Achsrichtung eines in der Kontakt-Oberfläche der Plattenelemente liegenden (kartesischen) Koordinatensystems sowie senkrecht zur Kontakt-Oberfläche formschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind. Eine solche Verbindung kann man sich bspw. ähnlich den bekannten LEGO-Bausteinen vorstellen, welche jedoch abweichend von der LEGO-Bauart in den einzelnen punktuellen Formschluss-Verbindungsstellen jeweils einen zumindest geringfügigen Hinterschnitt aufweisen sollte, um eine sichere formschlüssige Verbindung in der zur Kontaktfläche der Plattenelemente senkrechten Richtung zu bieten. Beispielsweise kann die formschlüssige Verbindung durch kreisförmige Löcher oder Langlöcher im ersten Plattenelement und mit diesen zusammenwirkenden kugelförmigen Elementen am zweiten Plattenelement gebildet sein. Hierzu kann beispielshalber auf die EP 2 475 475 B1 verwiesen werden, wenngleich dort die formschlüssige Verbindung nur zum losen Vorfixieren eines ersten Bauteils an einem zweiten Bauteil vorgesehen ist und dort die endgültige Verbindung dieser Bauteile stoffschlüssig erfolgt. Das Vorsehen von Langlöchern in einer solchen formschlüssigen hat dabei den besonderen Vorteil, dass damit eine definierte Wölb-Richtung im Rahmen des temperaturabhängigen Verformens des jeweiligen Abdeckelements festgelegt werden kann, nachdem ein solches Langloch für die damit zusammenwirkende Kugel einen Freiheitsgrad in einer Richtung bietet. Die Langlöcher der formschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen den Plattenelementen eines Abdeckelements sind somit bevorzugt derart ausgerichtet, dass ein temperaturabhängiges Wölben der sich temperaturabhängig verformenden Abdeckelemente um eine sich zumindest annähernd in Radialrichtung des Rades erstreckende Achse erfolgt, da sich damit beste Einströmverhältnisse für einen Luftstrom in den zugehörigen Speichenzwischenraum einstellen. In der zu dieser Achse senkrechten Richtung (hierbei handelt es sich im wesentlichen um die Umfangsrichtung des Rades) bieten die vorgeschlagenen Langlöcher den damit zusammenwirkenden Kugelelementen einen zumindest geringen Bewegungsspielraum, so dass kein aus unterschiedlichen Wärmedausdehnungen der Plattenelemente resultierendes Wölben oder Ausbeulen um die letztgenannte (zur besagten Achse senkrechte) Richtung (= Rad-Umfangs- richtung) erfolgt. A favorable deformation of the cover results when said abstracted spoken composed of at least two closely spaced plate elements, which consist of materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion in view of the desired bimetallic effect and to achieve a desired Deformation due to different thermal expansion are suitably coupled together. The document mentioned at the outset describes that such a layer composite can be formed by casting or injecting a plastic layer onto a fiber layer. In the present case, at least two superimposed plate elements are now proposed for the cover element, which are connected to each other in a point-locking manner with respect to at least one axial direction of a (Cartesian) coordinate system lying in the contact surface of the plate elements and perpendicular to the contact surface. Such a connection can be, for example, imagine similar to the known LEGO building blocks, but which should differ from the LEGO design in the individual point form-fitting connection points each have at least a slight undercut to a secure positive connection in the contact surface of the plate elements to offer vertical direction. For example, the positive connection by circular holes or slots in the first plate member and cooperating with these spherical elements may be formed on the second plate member. For this purpose, reference may be made by way of example to EP 2 475 475 B1, although there the positive connection is provided only for the loose prefixing of a first component to a second component and there the final connection of these components takes place cohesively. The provision of slots in such a form-fitting has the particular advantage that thus a defined buckling direction can be set in the context of temperature-dependent deformation of the respective cover after such a slot for the cooperating ball offers a degree of freedom in one direction. The slots of the positive connection between the plate elements of a cover are thus preferably oriented such that a temperature-dependent buckling of the temperature-dependent deforming cover to an at least approximately in the radial direction of the wheel extending axis takes place, since thus set best inflow for an air flow in the associated spoke gap. In the direction perpendicular to this axis (this is essentially to the circumferential direction of the wheel), the proposed slots offer the cooperating ball elements at least a small range of motion, so that no resulting from different Wärmedausdehnungen the plate elements buckling or buckling to the latter (to said axis vertical) direction (= wheel circumferential direction) takes place.
Was die Befestigung der Abdeckelemente und/oder der Deckelemente an den Speichen des Rades betrifft, so können diese mit den Speichen verklebt bzw. allgemein stoffschlüssig verbunden sein. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist jedoch auch eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung möglich, welche lösbar (in Form einer Verschraubung) ausgebildet sein kann. Schließlich besteht auch hier die Möglichkeit einer formschlüssigen Verbindung, bspw. abermals in Form einer an mehreren Stellen vorgesehenen punktuell formschlüssigen Verbindung mit Kugeln am ersten Element und kreisförmigen Löchern am zweiten Element. Im Übrigen ist auch eine formschlüssige Verbindung im Zusammenwirken mit einer Klebeverbindung möglich, zu deren Absicherung bspw. am Abdeckelement heißverpresste Stifte in in den Speichen vorgesehene Löcher hineinragen. As regards the attachment of the cover and / or the cover elements to the spokes of the wheel, they can be glued to the spokes or connected in general materially. Alternatively or additionally, however, a frictional connection is also possible, which can be detachable (in the form of a screw connection). Finally, there is also the possibility of a positive connection, for example. Again in the form of a provided at several points selectively positive connection with balls on the first element and circular holes on the second element. Incidentally, a positive connection in conjunction with an adhesive connection is possible, for example, to protect it on the cover hot-pressed pins protrude into holes provided in the spokes.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Abdeckelement besteht vorzugsweise zumindest anteilig aus Kunststoffmaterial, in welchem Verstärkungsfasern enthalten sind. So können bspw. auf einem (bereits genannten) Plattenelement des Abdeckelements, welches aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff besteht, bspw. kugelförmige Elemente, welche eine bereits genannte formschlüssige Verbindung zu einem anderen Plattenelement herstellen sollen, das bspw. aus einem Leichtmetall bestehen kann, aufgeschweißt sein. Damit ist ein bereits genannter Hinterschnitt in der formschlüssigen Verbindung einfach darstellbar. Die Löcher oder Langlöcher im anderen Plattenelement können dann einfach spanend hergestellt sein. Selbstverständlich können auch beide oder sämtliche Plattenelemente eines Abdeckelements aus Kunststoffmaterialien bestehen, wobei das (für den Bimetall-Effekt gewünschte) unterschiedliche Wärmeausdehnungsverhalten durch einen unterschiedlichen Anteil und/oder unterschiedliche Art von in der Kunststoff masse enthaltenen Verstärkungsfasern dargestellt sein kann. Dabei sei ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass ein erfindungsgemäßes Fahrzeug-Rad nicht aus Plattenelementen zusammengesetzte Abdeckelemente aufweisen muss; vielmehr können diese bspw. auch aus unterschiedlichen stoffschlüssig miteinander verbundenen (bspw. aneinander angespritzten) Kunststoffschichten bestehen, welche sich hinsichtlich der darin enthaltenen Verstärkungsfasern insbesondere durch deren Volumen-Anteil unterscheiden. An inventive cover member is preferably at least partially made of plastic material, in which reinforcing fibers are included. For example, on a (already mentioned) plate element of the cover, which consists of a thermoplastic material, for example. Spherical elements which are to produce an already mentioned positive connection to another plate element, which may, for example, consist of a light metal, be welded , This is an already mentioned undercut in the positive connection easy represented. The holes or slots in the other plate member can then be easily machined. Of course, both or all plate elements of a cover made of plastic materials, the (desired for the bimetal effect) different thermal expansion behavior can be represented by a different proportion and / or different type of reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic mass. It should be expressly pointed out that a vehicle wheel according to the invention does not have to comprise cover elements composed of plate elements; Rather, these may, for example, also consist of different cohesively interconnected plastic layers (for example, which are injection-molded onto one another), which differ in terms of the reinforcing fibers contained therein in particular by their volume fraction.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den beigefügten Figuren abstrahiert dargestellt und werden im Folgenden weiter erläutert; erfindungswesentlich können sämtliche näher beschriebenen Merkmale sein. Embodiments of the invention are shown abstracted in the accompanying figures and will be further explained in the following; Essential to the invention may be all the features described in more detail.
Figur 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Fahrzeug-Rad in isometrischer Ansicht und Figur 2 dessen Aufsicht von der Außenseite des Fahrzeugs in Drehachsrichtung des Rades betrachtet. Figur 3 zeigt eine isometrische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Rades mit zwei geringfügig verformten Abdeckelementen im Speichenzwischraum und Figur 4 zeigt vergrößert den Ausschnitt E aus Fig.3. Figur 5 zeigt eine gering isometrische Ansicht eines einzigen Speichenzwischenraumes bei abgenommenem Abdeckelement und Deckelement zur Verdeutlichung von deren Befestigung und Figur 6 zeigt einen ähnlichen Ausschnitt mit nur einer Speiche in etwas abgewandelter Form. Die Figuren 7, 8 zeigen stark abstrahiert in isometrischer Darstellung weitere mögliche Anbindungskonzepte für ein Abdeckelement an einer Rad-Speiche, während Figur 9 in solcher Darstellung einen möglichen Aufbau eines Abdeckelements zeigt. Figur 10 zeigt (gedreht) den Schnitt A- A aus Fig.9. In sämtlichen Figuren sind gleiche Elemente mit den gleichen Bezugsziffern gekennzeichnet. FIG. 1 shows a vehicle wheel according to the invention in an isometric view, and FIG. 2 shows its view from the outside of the vehicle in the direction of rotation of the wheel. FIG. 3 shows an isometric view of a wheel according to the invention with two slightly deformed cover elements in the spoke space and FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the detail E from FIG. Figure 5 shows a low isometric view of a single spoke space with removed cover and cover element to illustrate their attachment and Figure 6 shows a similar section with only one spoke in a slightly modified form. Figures 7, 8 show highly abstracted in an isometric view of other possible connection concepts for a cover on a wheel spoke, while Figure 9 shows such a representation of a possible construction of a cover. FIG. 10 shows (rotated) the section A- A from Fig.9. In all figures, like elements are identified by the same reference numerals.
So trägt ein einstückiges Rad eines Fahrzeugs, insbesondere eines Personenkraftwagens, die Bezugsziffer 1. Auf dessen Felge 1a wird wie üblich ein Reifen aufgezogen und es ist die Felge 1a über hier fünf Speichen b mit dem zentralen Nabenbereich 1c des Rades verbunden, in welchem kreisförmig angeordnet fünf Befestigungslöcher 1d für die Aufnahme von Radschrauben vorgesehen sind, mittels derer das Rad wie üblich an einem Radträger eines Fahrzeugs angeflanscht werden kann. Thus, a one-piece wheel of a vehicle, in particular a passenger car, the reference numeral 1. On the rim 1a as usual, a tire is mounted and it is the rim 1a connected here five spokes b with the central hub portion 1c of the wheel, in which arranged in a circle five mounting holes 1d are provided for receiving wheel bolts, by means of which the wheel can be flanged as usual on a wheel of a vehicle.
Zwischen einander in Rad-Umfangsrichtung U benachbarten Speichen 1 b befindet sich ein bei üblichen Rädern offener, d.h. praktisch einen Durchbruch darstellender Speichen-Zwischenraum W, durch den insbesondere Luft hindurchströmen kann. Beim vorliegenden erfindungsgemäßen Rad 1 ist zumindest einer Speichen-Zwischenräume W, bevorzugt jedoch jeder der Speichen-Zwischenräume W bereichsweise mittels zumindest eines Abdeckelements 2 betriebspunktabhängig abgedeckt bzw. abdeckbar. Between adjacent in the circumferential direction of the wheel U spokes 1 b is open at conventional wheels, i. practically a breakthrough representing spoke gap W, through which in particular air can flow. In the case of the present wheel 1 according to the invention, at least one spoke gap W, but preferably each of the spoke gap W is partially covered or coverable in certain areas by means of at least one cover element 2.
Nun auf die Figuren 1, 2 Bezug nehmend sind darin je Speichenzwischenraum W ein Abdeckelement 2 und in Rad-Umfangsrichtung U betrachtet neben diesem angeordnet ein Deckelement 3 vorgesehen. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel besitzt sowohl das Deckelement 3 als auch das Abdeckelement 2 in seinem nicht verformten (und somit bei niedrigeren Temperaturen vorliegenden Zustand) eine im Wesentlichen ebene Formgebung, d.h. es weisen diese Elemente 2, 3 dann keine signifikante Wölbung auf. In Radialrichtung R des Rades 1 betrachtet erstrecken sich das Abdeckelement 2 und das Deckelement 3 möglichst weit nach außen nahezu bis zum Rand K des (üblichen) Felgenhorns der Felge 1a. In Radialrichtung R nach innen, d.h. zur Radmitte hin betrachtet enden das Abdeckelement 2 und das Deckelement 3 in gewissem Abstand zum Nabenbereich 1c des Rades 1 , so dass ein nabennaher Abschnitt des Speichenzwischenraumes W überhaupt nicht abgedeckt ist. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 2, a cover element 2 is provided for each spoke space W, and a cover element 3 is arranged next to the cover arranged in the circumferential direction of the wheel U. In this embodiment, both the cover element 3 and the cover element 2 in its undeformed (and thus at lower temperatures state) has a substantially planar shape, ie, these elements 2, 3 then no significant curvature. Viewed in the radial direction R of the wheel 1, the cover element 2 and the cover element 3 extend as far as possible outwards almost to the edge K of the (usual) rim flange of the rim 1a. In the radial direction R inward, ie viewed towards the wheel center, the cover element 2 and the cover element 3 terminate at a certain distance from the Hub portion 1c of the wheel 1, so that a near-nabennaher portion of the spoke space W is not covered at all.
Der die Rad-Umfangsrichtung U kennzeichnende Pfeil gibt auch die übliche Drehrichtung des am Fahrzeug befestigten Rades bei Vorwärtsfahrt des Fahrzeugs an, weswegen im weiteren auch von der Drehrichtung oder dem Drehsinn U des Rades gesprochen wird. Das bei Betrachtung der Figuren 1 , 2 im Speichenzwischenraum W im Rad-Drehsinn U rechts neben bzw. hinter dem Deckelement 3 liegende Abdeckelement 2 ist an der im Rad-Drehsinn U rechtsseitigen bzw. voreilenden Speiche 1b des jeweiligen Speichenzwischenraumes W auf später noch erläuterte Weise befestigt und das im Rad- Drehsinn U vor bzw. links neben dem Abdeckelement 2 liegende Deckelement 3 ist an der im Rad-Drehsinn U linksseitigen bzw. nacheilenden Speiche 1 b des jeweiligen Speichenzwischenraumes W auf später noch erläuterte Weise befestigt. The wheel circumferential direction U characterizing arrow also indicates the usual direction of rotation of the wheel mounted on the vehicle during forward travel of the vehicle, which is why in the further spoken by the direction of rotation or the sense of rotation U of the wheel. The cover element 2 lying on the right in the wheel rotation direction U next to or behind the cover element 3 in the spoke space W in the spoke space W is at the wheel spoke U on the right or leading spoke 1b of the respective spoke gap W in a manner to be explained later fastened and lying in the wheel rotation direction U before or to the left of the cover 2 cover element 3 is attached to the left in the wheel rotational direction U or lagging spoke 1 b of the respective spoke gap W in later explained manner.
In Drechachsrichtung des Rades 1 betrachtet - diese erstreckt sich bei Figur 2 senkrecht zur Zeichenebene - sind die Abdeckelemente 2 und die Deckelemente 3 möglichst weit außen, d.h. möglichst nahe in Richtung des Betrachters angeordnet, um dann, wenn das Abdeckelement 2 seine Form bei niedrigeren Temperaturen innehat, eine möglichst bündige, d.h. mit den dem Betrachter zugewandten Außenseiten der Speichen 1 b strömungsgünstige und möglichst glatte Fläche zu erzielen, welche ähnlich einer ringförmigen Scheibe die Speichenzwischenräume W jedenfalls in deren radial weiter außen liegenden Abschnitten bestmöglich abdeckt, um einen möglichst niedrigen Luftwiderstand bzw. Luftwiderstandsbeiwert des Fahrzeugs, an welchem das Rad 1 montiert ist, zu erzielen. In diesem Sinne liegen auch die einander zugewandten (und sich näherungsweise in Radialrichtung R erstreckenden) Endkanten der in einem Speichenzwischenraum W liegenden Abdeckelemente 2 und Deckelemente 3 möglichst dicht bündig nebeneinander. Wie vor der Figurenbeschreibung erläutert wurde, sollen sich die Abdeckelemente 2 temperaturabhängig derart verformen, dass diese ausgehend von der im vorstehenden Absatz geschilderten möglichst bündigen bzw. bei Fortbewegung des Fahrzeugs strömungsgünstigen Abdeckung der Speichenzwischenräume W bei höheren Temperaturen in der direkten Umgebung der Abdeckelemente 3 (und insbesondere bei höheren Temperaturen auf deren dem Betrachter von Fig.2 abgewandten Rückseite) auch in dem von ihnen abgedeckten Bereich der Speichenzwischenräume W einen Luftdurchtritt durch diesen genannten Bereich ermöglichen. Damit soll bzw. kann eine auf der dem Fahrzeug zugewandten Seite des Rades vorgesehene Rad-Bremse bei starker Erwärmung derselben durch einen Luftstrom gekühlt werden. Dies ist für ein gegenüber den Figuren 1 , 2 abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel in den im Folgenden erläuterten Figuren 3, 4 dargestellt, d.h. während in den Figuren 1 , 2 die Abdeckelemente 2 im nicht verformten und somit üblichen Zustand dargestellt sind, zeigen die Figuren 3, 4 die dortigen Abdeckelemente 2, 21 im aufgrund höherer Temperaturen verformten Zustand. In Drechachsrichtung the wheel 1 considered - this extends in Figure 2 perpendicular to the plane - are the cover 2 and the cover elements 3 as far outside, ie as close as possible in the direction of the viewer, then when the cover 2 its shape at lower temperatures has a flush as possible, ie with the observer facing outer sides of the spokes 1 b streamlined and smoothest possible surface to achieve similar to an annular disc, the spoke spaces W at least in their radially outer portions best covers to lowest possible air resistance or Drag coefficient of the vehicle on which the wheel 1 is mounted to achieve. In this sense, the mutually facing (and approximately in the radial direction R extending) end edges of lying in a spoke space W cover 2 and cover elements 3 are as close as possible flush with each other. As has been explained before the description of the figures, the cover 2 are temperature-dependent deformed such that this starting from the described in the paragraph above flush or when moving the vehicle streamlined coverage of the spoke spaces W at higher temperatures in the immediate vicinity of the cover 3 (and especially at higher temperatures on the rear side facing away from the observer from FIG. 2), also in the region of the spoke spaces W covered by them, allowing air to pass through said region. Thus, a wheel brake provided on the side of the wheel facing the vehicle should or can be cooled by an air flow when strongly heated. This is illustrated for an embodiment modified from FIGS. 1, 2 in FIGS. 3, 4 explained below, ie, while in FIGS. 1, 2 the cover elements 2 are shown in their undeformed and thus conventional state, FIGS the local cover elements 2, 2 1 in the deformed state due to higher temperatures.
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 3, 4 sind zwei Abdeckelemente 2, 2' je Speichenzwischenraum W vorgesehen, wobei das erste im Rad- Drehsinn U vordere oder rechte Abdeckelement 2 an gleicher Stelle wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 , 2 angeordnet ist, während das zweite im Rad-Drehsinn U hintere oder linke Abdeckelement 2' an gleicher Stelle wie das Deckelement 3 des Ausführungsbeispiels der Figuren 1 , 2 angeordnet ist. Insbesondere der Detailansicht von Fig.4 ist entnehmbar, dass das hintere Abdeckelement 2' (im figürlich dargestellten verformten Zustand) insbesondere in seinem dem vorderen Abdeckelement 2 zugewandten Endbereich nach außen, d.h. vom Fahrzeug weg gewölbt ist, so dass zwischen den beiden Abdeckelementen 2, 2' ein Spalt S gebildet ist, durch den Kühlluft hindurch und dann weiter durch den Speichenzwischen- räum W hindurch von der Rad-Außenseite zur Rad-Innenseite und zur dort liegenden Radbremse gelangen kann. Vergrößert wird dieser Spalt S dabei dadurch, dass das vordere (und bei der Darstellung von Fig.4 auch weiter vorne, d.h. näher zum Betrachter liegende) Abdeckelement 2, welches hier ebenfalls im verformten Zustand dargestellt ist, in seinem dem anderen Abdeckelement 2' zugewandten Endabschnitt aufgrund höherer Temperaturen geringfügig nach innen, d.h. zur dem Fahrzeug zugewandten Innenseite des Rades hin gewölbt ist - wenngleich dies in diesen Figurendarstellungen kaum sichtbar ist). Im nicht dargestellten nicht verformten Zustand grenzen dabei die einander zugewandten Kanten der Abdeckelemente 2, 2' möglichst eng aneinander an. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 3, 4, two cover elements 2, 2 'are provided per spoke gap W, wherein the first cover element 2 in the wheel rotation direction U is arranged at the same point as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2, while the second in the wheel rotation U rear or left cover 2 'at the same location as the cover element 3 of the embodiment of Figures 1, 2 is arranged. In particular, the detailed view of FIG. 4 shows that the rear cover element 2 '(deformed state shown in the figuratively form) is curved outwards, ie, away from the vehicle, in particular in its end area facing the front cover element 2, so that between the two cover elements 2, 2 ', a gap S is formed, through the cooling air and then further through the spoke between Spatial W can pass through from the wheel outer side to the wheel inside and the wheel brake lying there. This gap S is enlarged by the fact that the front (and in the illustration of Figure 4 also further forward, ie closer to the viewer) cover 2, which is also shown here in the deformed state, in its the other cover 2 'facing End portion due to higher temperatures slightly inward, that is arched to the vehicle facing the inside of the wheel out - although this is barely visible in these figure representations). In the non-deformed state, not shown, the mutually facing edges of the cover elements 2, 2 'are as close as possible to each other.
Nun nochmals kurz auf das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1, 2 zurückkommend ist bei diesem das sich temperaturabhängig verformende Abdeckelement 2 vorzugsweise solchermaßen gestaltet, dass sich dieses (analog dem Abdeckelement 2' des Beispiels der Figuren 3, 4) bei höheren Temperaturen nach außen wölbt, da hiermit ein strömungsgünstigerer bzw. größerer Spalt S zwischen dem gewölbten bzw. verformten Abdeckelement 2 und dem Deckelement 3 darstellbar ist, als wenn die Verformung bzw. Wölbung zur Rad-Innenseite hin erfolgen würde. Returning briefly to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2, the cover element 2 which deforms in a temperature-dependent manner is preferably designed in such a way that it bulges outwards (analogously to the cover element 2 'of the example of FIGS. 3, 4) at higher temperatures hereby a streamlined or larger gap S between the curved or deformed cover 2 and the cover element 3 can be displayed as if the deformation or curvature would take place towards the inside of the wheel.
Anhand der Figuren 3, 4 kann nun noch ein weiteres mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben werden, bei welchem die in den Figuren 3, 4 mit der Bezugsziffer 2' gekennzeichneten Abdeckelemente als nicht verformbare Deckelemente ausgeführt sind und somit anstelle der Bezugsziffer 2' die Bezugsziffer 3 tragen würden. Die Deckelemente (3) dieses weitern möglichen Ausführungsbeispiels wären (anders als die Deckelemente 3 des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels von Fig. 1 , 2) uneben und wirkten im in den Figuren 3, 4 dargestellten Zustand der Abdeckelemente 2 als Luftleitschaufeln oder dgl. Mit solchen unebenen nach außen gewölbten Deckelementen 3 würden sich die Abdeckelemente 2 anders als beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel bevorzugt nach innen verformen. A further possible exemplary embodiment of the invention can now be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, in which the cover elements indicated by the reference numeral 2 'in FIGS. 3, 4 are designed as non-deformable cover elements and thus the reference numeral 3 instead of the reference numeral 2' would wear. The cover elements (3) of this further possible exemplary embodiment would be uneven (unlike the cover elements 3 of the first exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2) and have an effect in the state of the cover elements 2 shown in FIGS. 3, 4 as air guide vanes or the like arched outside Cover elements 3, the cover elements 2 would deform differently than in the first embodiment preferably inwardly.
Nun auf die Figuren 5, 6 Bezug nehmend ist darin eine mögliche Ausführungsform für die Befestigung eines Abdeckelements (2, 2' - nicht gezeigt) und Deckelements (3 - ebenfalls nicht gezeigt) dargestellt. Befestigt werden diese Elemente vorrangig an den Speichen 1b, da dort eine ausreichend große Fläche für eine sichere Befestigung zur Verfügung steht und da eine dortige Befestigung ermöglicht, das verformbare Abdeckelement auch mit seiner dem Felgenhorn (bzw. dessen Außenkante K) zugewandten Randbereich vom Felgenhorn abheben zu lassen und damit einen möglichst großen Spalt bzw. Freiraum für den Durchtritt eines Luftstromes durch den Speichenzwischenraum W darstellen zu können. Wie Fig.5 zeigt ist an jeder Speiche 1b an deren dem jeweiligen bzw. angrenzenden Speichenzwischenraum W zugewandten Seite ein Befestigungsflansch 4 vorgesehen, der zunächst eben ausgebildet ist und eine Möglichkeit für die Anbringung von hier drei (ggf. zusätzlichen) Befestigungselementen 5 vorsieht. Auf den abseits der Befestigungselemente 5 ebenen Befestigungsflansch 4 kann das Abdeckelement (2) oder Deckelement (3) mit einem entsprechend gestalteten Flächenabschnitt aufgeklebt werden oder sein und es können zusätzlich kraftschlüssige oder formschlüssige Sicherungs-Elemente als Befestigungselemente 5 vorgesehen sein. Referring now to Figures 5, 6, there is shown a possible embodiment for the attachment of a cover member (2, 2 '- not shown) and cover members (3 - also not shown). These elements are primarily attached to the spokes 1b, since there is a sufficiently large area for secure attachment available and there allows a fortification, the deformable cover even with its rim flange (or its outer edge K) facing the edge area of the rim flange stand to let and thus represent the largest possible gap or space for the passage of air flow through the spoke space W can. As shown in FIG. 5, a fastening flange 4 is provided on each spoke 1b at its side facing the respective or adjacent spoke space W, which is initially planar and provides a possibility for the attachment of here three (possibly additional) fastening elements 5. On the side of the fastening elements 5 flat mounting flange 4, the cover (2) or cover element (3) can be glued or be with a correspondingly shaped surface portion and it may additionally be provided as fasteners 5 non-positive or positive locking elements.
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.5 ist der Befestigungsflansch 4 aus der Grundstruktur der Speiche 1b ausgefräst und es sind als (ggf. zusätzlich zur genannten Klebeverbindung vorgesehene) Befestigungselemente 5 Durchtrittsbohrungen für nicht gezeigte Schrauben vorgesehen, mittels derer das Abdeckelement 2 bzw. das Deckelement 3 an der jeweiligen Speiche 1b angeschraubt werden kann. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.6 hingegen ist ein Befestigungsflansch 4 geeignet an die Grundstruktur der Speiche 1 b angeformt und es sind als Befestigungselemente 5' nietartige Stifte an diesem Befestigungsflansch 4 vorgesehen, auf die das Abdeckelement (2) oder Deckelement (3) mit entsprechenden Löchern quasi aufgesteckt wird, wonach aus den dann überstehenden Abschnitten dieser Stifte jeweils ein Nietkopf gebildet werden kann. In the embodiment of Figure 5 of the mounting flange 4 is milled out of the basic structure of the spoke 1b and there are provided (possibly in addition to said adhesive connection) fasteners 5 through holes for screws not shown, by means of which the cover 2 and the cover element 3 at the respective spoke 1b can be screwed. In the embodiment of Figure 6, however, a mounting flange 4 is suitably formed on the basic structure of the spoke 1 b and there are provided as fastening elements 5 'rivet-like pins on this mounting flange 4, to which the cover (2) or cover element (3) with corresponding holes quasi plugged, according to which then a rivet head can be formed from the then protruding portions of these pins.
Figur 7 zeigt eine andere Möglichkeit zur Herstellung einer Klebeverbindung oder andersartigen Verbindung zwischen einem Abdeckelement 2 (oder Deckelement) und einer Speiche 1b lediglich im Prinzip. Hier ist das Abdeckelement 2 aus zwei Plattenelementen 2a, 2b bestehend aufgebaut, die mit ihren größeren Platten-Oberflächen über einen weiten Bereich fest aufeinander aufliegend aus Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten geformt sind. In demjenigen Endbereich des Abdeckelementes 2, in oder mit welchem dieses an der Speiche 1b befestigt wird, ist das Plattenelement 2b gegenüber dem Plattenelement 2a abgewinkelt, d.h. ein Endstreifen des Plattenelements 2b steht dort bspw. rechtwinkelig von der Platten-Oberfläche des Plattenelements 2a ab. Mit der so gebildeten Eckstruktur kann das Abdeckelement 2 sodann sicher und fest an einem damit korrespondierenden Eckabschnitt der Speiche 1 b festgeklebt werden. FIG. 7 shows another possibility for producing an adhesive bond or other type of connection between a cover element 2 (or cover element) and a spoke 1b only in principle. Here, the cover element 2 is composed of two plate elements 2a, 2b consisting of which are formed with their larger plate surfaces over a wide range firmly resting on each other of materials with different thermal expansion coefficients. In that end region of the cover element 2, in or with which it is fastened to the spoke 1b, the plate element 2b is angled relative to the plate element 2a, i. an end strip of the plate element 2b projects there, for example, at a right angle from the plate surface of the plate element 2a. With the corner structure thus formed, the cover 2 can then be securely and firmly adhered to a corresponding corner portion of the spoke 1 b.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Befestigung eines Abdeckelements 2 (oder Deckelements) an der Speiche 1b zeigt Figur 8. Auch hier ist ein für die Befestigung vorgesehener Endstreifen des Abdeckelements 2 abgewinkelt, hier jedoch anders als bei Fig. 7 vollständig, d.h. im Falle mehrerer aufeinander liegender Plattenelemente sind diese sämtlich abgewinkelt. Dieser abgewinkelte Endstreifen nun direkt eine dem Speichenzwischenraum (W) zugewandte Innenseite der Speiche 1 b geeignet angeflanscht, bspw. angeklebt und/oder angeschraubt oder zusätzlich zu einer stoffschlüssigen Klebeverbindung nach Art einer Clipsverbindung an mehreren, hier vier Formschluss-Punkten 5" formschlüssig verbunden. Diese Formschlussverbi- dung weist einen Hinterschnitt auf und kann durch kreisförmige Löcher bspw. in der Speiche 1b und mit diesen zusammenwirkenden kugelförmigen Elementen am Abdeckelement 2, welche unter geringfügiger elastischer Verformung in das jeweils zugeordnete Loch in der Speiche 1b eingepresst sind, gebildet sein. FIG. 8 also shows a further possibility of fastening a cover element 2 (or cover element) to the spoke 1b. Here, too, an end strip of the cover element 2 intended for attachment is angled, but here completely different from FIG. 7, ie in the case of several superimposed ones Plate elements are all these angled. This angled end strip is now suitably flange-mounted, eg glued and / or screwed on, directly to the inner space of the spoke (W) or, in addition to a cohesive adhesive bond in the manner of a clip connection, connected in a form-locking manner to a plurality of here four positive-locking points 5 ". This form-fitting connection has an undercut and can by circular holes, for example. In the spoke 1b and cooperating with these spherical elements on the cover 2, which under slightly elastic Deformation in the respective associated hole in the spoke 1b are pressed, be formed.
Anhand der Figuren 9, 10 wird nun eine mögliche und der zuletzt genannten formschlüssigen Verbindung ähnliche und ausschließlich formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen zwei aufeinander liegenden Plattenelementen 2a, 2b eines Abdeckelements 2 erläutert. Dabei sind in einem in Fig.9 oben liegenden und in der Schnittansicht von Fig.10 rechts liegenden Plattenelement 2b Löcher eingebracht, durch welche im zusammengefügten Zustand der Plattenelemente 2a, 2b jeweils ein kugelförmiges Element 6, welches am in Fig.9 unteren (bzw. in Fig.10 links liegenden) Plattenelement 2a an geeigneter Stelle fest angebracht (bspw. angeschweißt) ist, zumindest soweit hindurchragt, dass ein aus Fig.10 hervorgehender Hinterschnitt H gebildet ist. Soweit es sich um kreisförmige Löcher im Plattenelement 2b handelt, sind damit die beiden Plattenelemente 2a, 2b nicht nur in der zur Plattenoberfläche senkrechten z-Richtung eines kartesischen Koordinatensystems, sondern auch in der x-Richtung und y-Richtung dieses mit seinem Ursprung bspw. in der Plattenoberflächenebene zwischen den beiden Plattenelementen 2a, 2b liegenden Koordinatensystems formschlüssig vollumfänglich zueinander fixiert. Aus diesen Figuren 9, 10 nicht hervor geht eine besonders bevorzugte und weiter oben vor der Figurenbeschreibung erläuterte Ausführungsform, wonach die besagten Löcher (im Plattenelement 2b) als Langlöcher ausgebildet und solchermaßen angeordnet sind, dass im vorstehend genannten Koordinatensystem bspw. in y-Richtung eine geringe Relativbewegung zwischen den Plattenelementen 2a, 2b möglich ist, während eine fixe formschlüssige Verbindung nur in x-Richtung und z- Richtung dargestellt ist. Damit ist die Achse, um die sich ein entsprechend aus zumindest zwei Plattenelementen 2a, 2b aufgebautes Abdeckelement bei temperaturbedingter unterschiedlicher Wärmeausdehnung wölbt, gezielt festlegbar. Und nochmals kurz auf das Herstellen der Plattenelemente 2a mit den damit fest verbundenen kugelförmigen Elemente 6 eingehend können die Kugel-Elemente 6 und die Plattenelemente 2a aus einem thermoplasti- sehen Kunststoff bestehen und durch Ultraschallschweißen stoffschlüssig verbunden sein. With reference to FIGS. 9, 10, a possible and exclusively positive connection between the two plate elements 2a, 2b of a cover element 2 similar to the last-mentioned positive connection will now be explained. In this case, in a top plate section 2b located in FIG. 9 and lying on the right in the sectional view of FIG. 10, holes are formed through which, in the assembled state of the plate elements 2a, 2b, respectively a spherical element 6, which at the bottom in FIG 10) is firmly attached (eg welded) to a suitable location, at least as far as protruding, so that an undercut H emerging from FIG. As far as circular holes are concerned in the plate element 2b, the two plate elements 2a, 2b are thus not only in the z-direction of a Cartesian coordinate system perpendicular to the plate surface, but also in the x-direction and y-direction of this with its origin, for example. in the plate surface plane between the two plate elements 2a, 2b coordinate system is fixed in a form-fitting fully to each other. From these figures 9, 10 does not show a particularly preferred and explained above before the figure description embodiment, according to which said holes (in the plate member 2b) formed as slots and are arranged such that in the above-mentioned coordinate system, for example, in the y-direction a small relative movement between the plate elements 2a, 2b is possible, while a fixed positive connection is shown only in the x-direction and z-direction. Thus, the axis about which a correspondingly formed from at least two plate elements 2a, 2b covering element bulges in temperature-induced different thermal expansion, specifically determined. And again briefly on the production of the plate elements 2a with the ball-shaped elements 6 firmly connected thereto, the ball elements 6 and the plate elements 2a can be made of a thermoplastic material. see plastic exist and be connected by ultrasonic welding cohesively.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Fahrzeug-Rad (1) mit Speichen (1 b), an denen Abdeckelemente (2) für einen Speichen-Zwischenraum (W) vorgesehen sind, welche sich temperaturabhängig derart verformen, dass bei höheren Temperaturen ein Luftdurchtritt durch einen Bereich des Speichen- Zwischenraums (W) möglich ist, welcher bei niedrigeren Temperaturen vom Abdeckelement (2) abgedeckt ist, 1. Vehicle wheel (1) with spokes (1 b), on which cover elements (2) are provided for a spoke gap (W), which deform depending on the temperature such that at higher temperatures, an air passage through a portion of the spokes Interspace (W) is possible, which is covered at lower temperatures by the cover (2),
dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Abdeckelemente (2) die jeweiligen Speichen-Zwischenräume (W) nicht vollflächig überdecken und je Zwischenraum (W) neben einem sich temperaturabhängig verformenden Abdeckelement (2) ein starres Deckelement (3) vorgesehen ist, das den ihm zugeordneten Speichenzwischenraum-Bereich kontinuierlich abdeckt.  characterized in that the cover elements (2) do not completely cover the respective spoke gaps (W) and each space (W) is provided with a temperature-dependent deforming cover element (2), a rigid cover element (3), which is assigned to the spoke gap area continuously covering.
2. Fahrzeug-Rad nach Anspruch 1 , wobei das starre Deckelement (3) eine solchermaßen von einer ebenen Form abweichende abschnittsweise nach außen von der Rad-Außenseite weg gewölbte Formgebung aufweist, dass das bei höheren Temperaturen zur Rad- Innenseite hin verformte Abdeckelement (2) einen Luftdurchtritt durch den Speichenzwischenraum (W) freigibt und bei niedrigeren Temperaturen im nicht verformten Zustand trotz der Wölbung des Deckelements (3) einen solchen Luftdurchtritt verhindert. 2. Vehicle wheel according to claim 1, wherein the rigid cover element (3) has such a deviating from a planar shape partially outwardly curved away from the wheel outer side shaping, that the deformed at higher temperatures to the inside of the wheel cover (2 ) an air passage through the spoke space (W) releases and at lower temperatures in the undeformed state despite the curvature of the cover member (3) prevents such passage of air.
3. Fahrzeug-Rad (1) mit Speichen (1b), an denen Abdeckelemente (2) für einen Speichen-Zwischenraum (W) vorgesehen sind, welche sich temperaturabhängig derart verformen, dass bei höheren Temperaturen ein Luftdurchtritt durch einen Bereich des Speichen- Zwischenraums (W) möglich ist, welcher bei niedrigeren Temperaturen vom Abdeckelement (2) abgedeckt ist, 3. Vehicle wheel (1) with spokes (1b) on which cover elements (2) are provided for a spoke gap (W), which deform depending on the temperature such that at higher temperatures, an air passage through a portion of the spoke gap (W) is possible, which is covered at lower temperatures by the cover element (2),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in jedem Speichenzwischenraum (W) zwei in Rad-Umfangsrichtung (U) nebeneinander liegende Abdeckelemente (2, 2') vorgesehen sind, die an verschiedenen Speichen (1 b) befestigt sind und im nicht verformen Zustand mit ihren den Speichen (1 b) abgewandten Kanten eng aneinander grenzen, während im verformten Zustand eines der Abdeckelemente (2') in Rad- Drehachsrichtung betrachtet nach außen weg vom Fahrzeug gewölbt ist und das andere Abdeckelement (2) nach innen zum Fahrzeug hin gewölbt ist.  characterized in that in each spoke space (W) two in the wheel circumferential direction (U) adjacent cover elements (2, 2 ') are provided which are attached to different spokes (1 b) and in the non-deformed state with their spokes ( 1 b) are closely adjacent to one another, while in the deformed state one of the cover elements (2 ') viewed in the wheel rotational axis direction is arched outwardly away from the vehicle and the other cover element (2) is curved inward towards the vehicle.
4. Fahrzeug-Rad nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei nabennahe Abschnitte der Speichen-Zwischenräume (W) kontinuierlich offen sind. 4. Vehicle wheel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein near-nabennhehe portions of the spoke spaces (W) are continuously open.
5. Fahrzeug-Rad nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das sich temperaturabhängig verformende Abdeckelement (2) aus zumindest zwei aufeinander liegenden Plattenelementen (2a, 2b) zusammengesetzt ist, die an mehreren Stellen punktuell bezüglich zumindest einer Achsrichtung eines in der Kontakt-Oberfläche der Plattenelemente (2a, 2b) liegenden Koordinatensystems sowie senkrecht zur Kontakt-Oberfläche formschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind. 5. Vehicle wheel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature-dependent deforming cover (2) from at least two superimposed plate elements (2 a, 2 b) is composed, which at several points selectively with respect to at least one axial direction in the contact surface of the Plate elements (2a, 2b) lying coordinate system and perpendicular to the contact surface are positively connected to each other.
6. Fahrzeug-Rad nach Anspruch 5, wobei die punktuellen formschlüssigen Verbindungen durch kreisförmige Löcher oder Langlöcher im ersten Plattenelement (2b) und mit diesen zusammenwirkenden kugelförmigen Elementen (6) am zweiten Plattenelement (2a) gebildet sind. 6. Vehicle wheel according to claim 5, wherein the punctual positive connections by circular holes or slots in the first plate member (2b) and cooperating with these spherical elements (6) on the second plate member (2a) are formed.
7. Fahrzeug-Rad nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Langlöcher derart ausgerichtet sind, dass ein temperaturabhängiges Wölben der sich temperaturabhängig verformenden Abdeckelemente (2) um eine sich zumindest annähernd in Radialrichtung (R) des Rades (1) erstreckende Achse erfolgt. 7. Vehicle wheel according to claim 6, wherein the elongated holes are aligned such that a temperature-dependent buckling of the temperature-dependent deforming cover elements (2) about an at least approximately in the radial direction (R) of the wheel (1) extending axis takes place.
8. Fahrzeug-Rad nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei die Abdeckelemente (2) und/oder Deckelemente (3) mit den Speichen (1b) des Rads (1) verklebt sind. 8. Vehicle wheel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cover elements (2) and / or cover elements (3) with the spokes (1b) of the wheel (1) are glued.
9. Fahrzeug-Rad nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei die Abdeckelemente (2) und/oder Deckelemente (3) lösbar kraftschlüssig und/oder an mehreren Stellen punktuell formschlüssig mit den Speichen (1b) verbunden sind. 9. Vehicle wheel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cover elements (2) and / or cover elements (3) are detachably frictionally and / or selectively connected at several points form-fitting manner with the spokes (1b).
10. Fahrzeug-Rad nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dessen Abdeckelemente (2) schichtweise aus Kunststoffmaterial mit in den einzelnen Schichten unterschiedlichem Anteil von Verstärkungsfasern aufgebaut sind. 10. Vehicle wheel according to one of the preceding claims, whose cover elements (2) are constructed in layers of plastic material with different amounts of reinforcing fibers in the individual layers.
EP16801491.8A 2015-11-26 2016-11-25 Vehicle wheel with cover elements for the spaces between spokes Active EP3380337B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015223386.3A DE102015223386A1 (en) 2015-11-26 2015-11-26 Vehicle wheel with cover elements for the spoke gaps
PCT/EP2016/078866 WO2017089574A1 (en) 2015-11-26 2016-11-25 Vehicle wheel with cover elements for the spaces between the spokes

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EP3380337A1 true EP3380337A1 (en) 2018-10-03
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DE102015223386A1 (en) 2017-06-01
CN108349299B (en) 2022-01-18
CN108349299A (en) 2018-07-31
EP3380337B1 (en) 2020-10-07
WO2017089574A1 (en) 2017-06-01
US20180272798A1 (en) 2018-09-27
US10882353B2 (en) 2021-01-05

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