EP3371029B1 - Rotationally fixed linkage for articulated connection of a coupling rod to a carriage body - Google Patents
Rotationally fixed linkage for articulated connection of a coupling rod to a carriage body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3371029B1 EP3371029B1 EP16790595.9A EP16790595A EP3371029B1 EP 3371029 B1 EP3371029 B1 EP 3371029B1 EP 16790595 A EP16790595 A EP 16790595A EP 3371029 B1 EP3371029 B1 EP 3371029B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coupling rod
- base plate
- bearing element
- linkage
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims description 121
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 121
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 121
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G7/00—Details or accessories
- B61G7/10—Mounting of the couplings on the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G9/00—Draw-gear
- B61G9/20—Details; Accessories
- B61G9/24—Linkages between draw-bar and framework
Definitions
- the invention relates to a linkage for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a car body, in particular for multi-part, track-guided vehicles and coupling rod.
- the linkage creates the connection between the coupling rod and the car body, e.g. of a multi-part, track-guided vehicle.
- Springy components allow the coupling to move in a cardanic manner and ensure that light impacts caused by compressive and/or tensile forces are dampened.
- Linkages for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a wagon body must be designed to permit the horizontal and vertical pivoting movements of the coupling rod that occur during operation relative to the base plate connected to the wagon body, in order to enable, for example, driving over elevations and depressions as well as cornering.
- the horizontal and vertical pivoting movements of the coupling rod relative to the base plate are absorbed by the spring elements or energy-absorbing components of the draw/buffing gear.
- the hitch rod may also be desirable for the hitch rod to be able to rotate to some degree relative to the base plate.
- a cardanic freedom of movement of the coupling rod is provided. In principle, however, it must be ensured that a twisted and/or horizontally or vertically deflected coupling rod is brought back into its starting position.
- the pamphlet GB1,215,810 shows in this regard a connector for an articulated vehicle with a female and a male connector part.
- Connector parts are centered bearing elements with spherical surfaces with the help of springs.
- the female and male connector parts are then connected to each other via a bolt.
- the EP 1 925 532 A1 shows a coupling linkage for a car body of a multi-section vehicle with a bearing block and a joint arrangement which has a spherical bearing, an energy absorption device and a vertically running pivot pin.
- a horizontal and vertical movement of the coupling rod relative to the bearing block is possible and after an operating load has been exceeded, a restoring moment is applied to the coupling rod.
- stops are provided on the bearing block and the coupling rod, which form a non-positive and positive connection with one another after the maximum longitudinal displacement stroke of the energy dissipation device has been exhausted.
- the DE 102 46 428 B4 discloses a tie rod directional joint for connecting lightweight single wagons within a railway wagon unit.
- Spring plate damping elements are mounted on coupling rod end tension parts, which are guided centrically through support bearing plates of the directional joints.
- the pressure-side spring plate damping elements are provided between the end faces of the connecting rod and the support bearing plates within a support cage.
- At the outer edges of the support cage there are support and tipping points which are at a distance from the contact surface of the support bearing plate, so that they come into contact as a force transmission point when the coupling rod is pivoted vertically and/or horizontally and at the same time initial longitudinal compressive forces act.
- the EP 2 243 680 B1 discloses a torsion-proof articulation for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a car body with a base plate having a through-opening through which the end region of the coupling rod on the car body side extends.
- Elastomer spring elements with spring plates are arranged on both sides of the base plate.
- An anti-twist device or reset of a twisted coupling rod is made possible by one of the spring elements being in engagement with the base plate, so that rotational forces transmitted by the coupling rod can be introduced into the base plate at right angles without slipping.
- WO 2005/075272 A1 discloses a generic articulation for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a car body and a coupling rod, with a base plate having a through opening, in which a bearing element for supporting the coupling rod is arranged.
- the bearing element has a restoring component that is elastically deformable.
- EP 1 719 684 A1 discloses a linkage with a bearing element made of support component and restoring component, in which the. Restoring component rests completely on the coupling rod on the one hand and the support component on the other. As a result, the forces via the coupling rod are always introduced directly and in full into the restoring component over the entire circumference, which is why the restoring component must be dimensioned accordingly.
- the present invention is therefore based on the problem of providing a cost-effective, low-maintenance and low-wear, versatile and easy-to-use solution in a minimum of space with a high level of efficiency in order to advantageously articulately connect a coupling rod to a car body.
- the articulation in particular for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a car body, is provided with a base plate which has at least one through-opening and with a bearing element which has at least one through-opening.
- the bearing element is arranged in the through opening of the base plate.
- the articulation according to the invention has a coupling rod which protrudes through the through-opening of the bearing element.
- the end region of the coupling rod on the car body side extends, preferably centrally, through the through-opening of the bearing element. Because the bearing element is arranged in the through-opening of the base plate, the coupling rod thus also extends through the through-opening of the base plate. Due to the integration of the bearing element in the through-opening of the base plate, only a minimal installation space is advantageously required for adequately supporting the coupling rod through the articulation. Furthermore, the basic arrangement of the base plate, the bearing element and the coupling rod ensures that the coupling rod essentially has a cardanic freedom of movement, corresponding to the intended use according to the invention, which can be limited as required.
- the bearing element has at least one support component and one restoring component.
- the support component at least partially rests on the coupling rod.
- the coupling rod is therefore not in contact with the support element over its entire circumference.
- the support component is in direct contact with the coupling rod, while the restoring component is not in direct contact with the coupling rod.
- the support component consists of a material with sufficient mechanical strength, preferably metal.
- the support component can also consist of composite materials such as composite materials or other mechanically resilient materials which have the properties specific to the purpose. This ensures that the coupling rod is appropriately supported within the base plate by the bearing element in a minimum of space.
- the restoring element is to be understood as meaning a reversibly deformable, elastic element. This is suitable for absorbing an acting force through reversible or elastic deformation and thus developing a restoring force.
- the restoring element can consist of an elastomer or of a comparable elastic material deformable material. The restoring element is thus advantageously able to absorb an acting force or an acting moment by compression, torsion or torsion and to recover elastically, with a restoring force emanating from the restoring element.
- the composition of the bearing element from the support component and the restoring component results in the advantage that a force or moment introduced in particular at a point is passed on from the supporting component to the restoring component.
- an advantageous further development provides an anti-rotation device which, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, is designed as a form-fitting anti-rotation device between the coupling rod and bearing element, in particular the support component.
- This can be designed in various ways.
- the bearing element and the coupling rod have devices that can be brought into an operative connection with one another in order to implement the positive connection.
- the coupling rod has at least one, preferably at least two wrench flats.
- the wrench flats extend in the longitudinal direction of the coupling rod on the outside over at least part of its total length.
- the coupling rod thus preferably does not have a completely round cross section, at least in a partial area. Rather, the round cross section of the coupling rod is modified in at least two areas, for example by flat surfaces that do not necessarily face each other directly. In this way, the coupling rod can be brought into a form-fitting connection using the wrench flats along its modified circumference.
- a single wrench flat expediently also has a more complex shape, for example with additional Surface structures or as two mutually inclined surfaces may be formed.
- the bearing element in particular the support component of the bearing element, has at least two wrench flats.
- the wrench flats are provided on the inside of the bearing element or the support component of the bearing element.
- the wrench flats of the bearing element do not have to face each other directly, can be designed as more complex surface structures and are not limited to the design as simple flat surfaces.
- the coupling rod and the bearing element are arranged in relation to one another in such a way that one of the key surfaces of the coupling rod and of the bearing element faces one another as corresponding sliding surfaces. Accordingly, a form-fitting connection is produced by receiving or mounting the coupling rod in the bearing element or the support component.
- the articulation according to the invention thus advantageously counteracts twisting of the coupling rod about the longitudinal axis.
- corresponding sliding surfaces means that the key surfaces opposite one another must be designed accordingly in order to enable the coupling rod accommodated in the bearing element to move.
- the mounted coupling rod can be rotated about the transverse axis using the corresponding wrench flats.
- the position of this axis of rotation is defined by the bearing in the bearing element or the base plate.
- the corresponding wrench flats which extend on the coupling rod over at least part of its total length, also allow a translatory movement along the longitudinal axis of the coupling rod, e.g. when compressive and/or tensile forces are applied.
- the restoring component is arranged on the support component in such a way that the restoring component can be used to support the support component in a form-fitting manner against the through-opening of the bearing plate. In this way, when twisting the coupling rod a restoring force can be transmitted to the coupling rod around the longitudinal axis.
- the restoring component is arranged in a form-fitting manner on the support component, so that a torsional moment, which is transmitted from the coupling rod to the support component, is transferred from the support component to the restoring component.
- the restoring component supports the support element in a form-fitting manner against the inside of the through-opening of the base plate.
- a restoring force which counteracts the twisting of the coupling rod, emanates from the restoring element during the elastic deformation, among other things by being supported against the base plate.
- twisting of the coupling rod can advantageously be efficiently prevented or counteracted on the basis of the form-fitting connections between the coupling rod and the support component, between the support component and the restoring component and between the restoring component and the base plate.
- the bearing element has at least one convex contour.
- the coupling rod is mounted in the bearing element or the base plate transversely to the longitudinal axis at at least one contact point with the bearing element, in particular at at least one contact point with the support component.
- the crowned contour of the bearing element or the support component results in the coupling rod being provided with an optimal freedom of movement for rotation about the transverse axis.
- the base plate has a receiving flange on at least one side face, in particular for rotatably mounted receiving in a car body.
- Two receiving flanges are preferably provided on the base plate along its vertical axis, so that the base plate can be rotatably mounted on two sides in the car body, for example with the aid of corresponding pin attachments. This defines a vertical axis of rotation of the base plate.
- the base plate mounted in the car body consequently releases a rotational movement of the coupling rod in the horizontal plane around the vertical axis of rotation of the base plate.
- a rotational movement about the transverse axis of the coupling rod and the bearing element is released by the bearing in the bearing element.
- a translational movement of the coupling rod under the action of pressure and/or tensile forces is made possible by means of the corresponding sliding surfaces or key surfaces of the support element and the coupling rod.
- the base plate mounted in this way counteracts twisting of the coupling rod along the longitudinal axis via the bearing element as a fixed bearing.
- the restoring component supported on the base plate can exert a restoring force on the coupling rod. Twisting of the coupling rod is prevented or counteracted.
- the bearing element can be designed in one piece or in several pieces.
- Each part of the bearing element, particularly in the multi-piece configuration preferably has a support component and a restoring component.
- different pieces of the bearing element do not have to be identical, but can have different geometries in order to be able to act in combination with one another according to the present invention.
- At least one energy dissipation component is provided on both sides of the base plate and is arranged on the coupling rod.
- the bearing element and the base plate form contact surfaces on which the at least two energy-absorbing components can be supported.
- the contact surfaces of the base plate and the bearing element merge into one another on each side, preferably seamlessly or without a gap, and one form a common contact surface for investing the respective energy-absorbing component.
- the energy-absorbing components preferably consist of an elastomer or polymer or a comparable material and have reversible deformation properties, with restoring forces arising in the energy-absorbing components.
- the maximum force absorption of the energy absorption components can be adapted through the choice of material.
- the base plate has at least one mounting flange for rotatably mounted mounting in a car body, and a through-opening with at least two contact surfaces for at least one energy-absorbing component each.
- the energy dissipation components are arranged on a coupling rod that extends through the through-opening of the base plate. At least one energy absorption component can thus be supported on the contact surface of the base plate from each of the two sides.
- the base plate is designed asymmetrically, so that a vertical axis of rotation of the base plate rotatably mounted in a car body has an offset to a vertical axis of symmetry of the through-opening of the base plate.
- the vertical axis of symmetry of the through-opening of the base plate relates in particular to the symmetrically arranged contact surfaces which adjoin the through-opening.
- the offset between the axis of symmetry of the bearing element or the through-opening of the base plate and the vertical axis of rotation of the base plate results in the advantage that the vertical axis of rotation of the base plate can advantageously be displaced in the direction of a screw-on surface of the car body.
- such an asymmetrical design of the base plate and taking into account the areas of rotation, e.g. the end area of the coupling rod on the car body side allows the available installation space to be used more efficiently.
- this base plate with an asymmetrical design can also generally be used for articulations already known from the prior art for connecting a coupling rod to a car body and is not limited to the use of an articulation or a support element according to the invention.
- In 1 is a possible embodiment of the articulation according to the invention for the articulated connection of a coupling rod with a - shown car body - not shown.
- a coupling rod 10 is shown with a longitudinal axis 3, which preferably has wrench flats 11 on both sides.
- part of a bearing element 30 designed in two parts is placed on the coupling rod 10 .
- Both parts of the bearing element here have a support component 31 with wrench flats 34 which are provided on the inside of the support component 31 .
- the support component 31 comes at least partially into contact with the coupling rod 10 when used appropriately.
- the wrench flats 11, 34 of the coupling rod 10 and the support component correspond to one another and face each other, so that there is a positive connection between the coupling rod and the support component .
- a restoring component 32 is provided on the supporting component of the two-part bearing element 30 .
- the restoring component 32 and the support component 31 are preferably connected to one another in a form-fitting manner in order to enable force transmission.
- the base plate 20 has a through-opening 21 into which the bearing element 30 can be received in a form-fitting manner.
- the base plate 20 Since the base plate 20 is mounted rotatably about the vertical axis of rotation 1 in the installed state in the car body, the base plate 20 acts as a fixed bearing if the coupling rod 10 rotates about the longitudinal axis 1 . Accordingly, the restoring component 32 can be supported in a form-fitting manner on the inside of the through opening 21 of the base plate 20 and, if necessary, deform elastically or exert a restoring force.
- the through opening 21 of the base plate 20 and the outer shape of the restoring component 32 are provided with a rectangular basic shape.
- this geometry can also be designed differently, for example polygonally, in particular star-shaped, so that there is a form-fitting connection between the restoring component 32 and the through-opening 21 of the base plate 20 .
- the linkage according to the invention is shown in cross section in combination with an asymmetrically designed base plate 20 according to the invention. It can be seen from this that the base plate 20 essentially has a through-opening 21 in which the bearing element 30 and the coupling rod 10 are received or mounted centrally.
- bores for mechanical attachment of the base plate should not be understood as through openings.
- the bearing element 30 and in particular the associated contact surfaces 23, 35 have a symmetry.
- This resulting axis of symmetry is offset from a vertical axis of rotation 1 in the base plate 20 .
- the vertical axis of rotation 1 results from the rotatable mounting of the base plate 20 in the car body using the receiving flanges 22.
- a dimension A is shown, which shows the distance between the vertical axis of rotation 1 of the base plate 20 and a screw-on surface of the car body.
- the distance A can be efficiently modified in this way, so that the installation space is adapted, for example, to the rotation or movement range of the end of the coupling rod on the car body side.
- the at least partial contact between the coupling rod 10 and the support component 31 is shown by the fact that there is preferably an upper and a lower contact point for mounting in cross section based on the convex contour of the bearing component.
- the transverse axis 2, transverse to the longitudinal axis 1 of the coupling rod is defined as the axis of rotation about which the coupling rod 10 can rotate in order to carry out a deflection in the vertical direction.
- the bearing element in particular based on the convex contour, towards the lateral edges of the through-opening 21 of the base plate 20 allows a freedom of movement for the rotation of the coupling rod 10 .
- At least one energy dissipation component 41 , 42 , 43 is provided on both sides of the base plate 20 and is supported against the bearing surfaces 23 , 35 of the bearing element 30 in connection with the base plate 20 . It can be seen here that the contact surfaces 23, 35 of the base plate 20 and the bearing element 30 merge directly into one another and preferably form a common contact surface. If the coupling rod 10 moves in a horizontal or vertical direction, e.g. by rotating about the transverse axis 2 or the vertical axis of symmetry of the bearing element 30 or the bearing surfaces 23, 35 offset by the amount B, the energy absorption components 41, 42, 43 elastically deformed on both sides of the base plate 20 and direct the occurring forces into the contact surfaces 23, 35 preferably uniformly and at right angles.
- the energy dissipation components 41, 42, 43 are supported against the contact surfaces 23, 35 in order to subsequently reset the deflection of the coupling rod.
- this applies not only to a rotational deflection of the coupling rod about the mount supported by the bearing element 30 and the base plate 10, but also to a translational movement of the coupling rod 10 as a result of compressive and/or tensile forces.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlenkung zum gelenkigen Verbinden einer Kupplungsstange mit einem Wagenkasten, insbesondere für mehrgliedrige, spurgeführte Fahrzeuge und Kupplungsstange.The invention relates to a linkage for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a car body, in particular for multi-part, track-guided vehicles and coupling rod.
Die Anlenkung stellt die Verbindung zwischen der Kupplungsstange und dem Wagenkasten z.B. eines mehrgliedrigen, spurgeführten Fahrzeugs her. Federnde Komponenten ermöglichen dabei eine kardanische Bewegung der Kupplung und sorgen für eine Dämpfung leichter Stöße durch Druck- und/oder Zugkräfte.The linkage creates the connection between the coupling rod and the car body, e.g. of a multi-part, track-guided vehicle. Springy components allow the coupling to move in a cardanic manner and ensure that light impacts caused by compressive and/or tensile forces are dampened.
Anlenkungen zum gelenkigen Verbinden einer Kupplungsstange mit einem Wagenkasten müssen ausgelegt sein, die im Betrieb auftretenden horizontalen und vertikalen Schwenkbewegungen der Kupplungsstange relativ zu der mit dem Wagenkasten verbundenen Grundplatte zuzulassen, um z.B. das Überfahren von Anhöhungen und das Durchfahren von Senken sowie eine Kurvenfahrt zu ermöglichen. Hierzu ist es bekannt, den wagenkastenseitigen Endbereich der Kupplungsstange mit Hilfe beispielsweise einer Kugelbuchsenanordnung durch die in der Grundplatte vorgesehene Durchführungsöffnung zu führen. Die horizontalen und vertikalen Schwenkbewegungen der Kupplungsstange relativ zu der Grundplatte werden von den Federelementen bzw. Energieverzehrkomponenten der Zug- /Stoßeinrichtung aufgenommen. Auch kann es erwünscht sein, dass sich die Kupplungsstange bis zu einem gewissen Grad relativ zu der Grundplatte verdrehen kann. So wird eine kardanische Bewegungsfreiheit der Kupplungsstange bereitgestellt. Grundsätzlich aber ist dabei Sorge zu tragen, dass eine verdrehte und/oder in horizontaler bzw. vertikaler Richtung ausgelenkte Kupplungsstange wieder in ihre Ausgangsposition zurück gebracht wird.Linkages for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a wagon body must be designed to permit the horizontal and vertical pivoting movements of the coupling rod that occur during operation relative to the base plate connected to the wagon body, in order to enable, for example, driving over elevations and depressions as well as cornering. To this end, it is known to guide the end region of the coupling rod on the car body side through the feed-through opening provided in the base plate with the aid of, for example, a ball bushing arrangement. The horizontal and vertical pivoting movements of the coupling rod relative to the base plate are absorbed by the spring elements or energy-absorbing components of the draw/buffing gear. It may also be desirable for the hitch rod to be able to rotate to some degree relative to the base plate. Thus, a cardanic freedom of movement of the coupling rod is provided. In principle, however, it must be ensured that a twisted and/or horizontally or vertically deflected coupling rod is brought back into its starting position.
Die Druckschrift
Die
Ferner weist die
Die
Demgegenüber offenbart
Infolge der auf die Anlenkung wirkenden, zum Teil extremen Kräfte ist allerdings eine Konstruktion zum Bewirken einer Rückstellung und Verdrehsicherung hinsichtlich ihres Aufbaus aufwendig, da sie entsprechend den zu erwartenden Anforderungen ausgelegt sein muss.As a result of the sometimes extreme forces acting on the linkage, however, a construction for bringing about a reset and anti-rotation device is complex in terms of its structure, since it must be designed in accordance with the requirements to be expected.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit das Problem zugrunde, eine kostengünstige, wartungs- bzw. verschleißarme sowie vielseitig und einfach anzuwendende Lösung auf minimalem Bauraum mit einem hohen Wirkungsgrad bereitzustellen, um eine Kupplungsstange auf vorteilhafte Weise gelenkig mit einem Wagenkasten zu verbinden.The present invention is therefore based on the problem of providing a cost-effective, low-maintenance and low-wear, versatile and easy-to-use solution in a minimum of space with a high level of efficiency in order to advantageously articulately connect a coupling rod to a car body.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieses Problems wird anhand einer Anlenkung gemäß dem unabhängigen Patentanspruch 1 erzielt. Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben.The solution to this problem according to the invention is achieved by means of a linkage according to
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Anlenkung, insbesondere zum gelenkigen Verbinden einer Kupplungsstange mit einem Wagenkasten, mit einer Grundplatte vorgesehen, die wenigstens eine Durchgangsöffnung aufweist, und mit einem Lagerelement, das wenigstens eine Durchgangsöffnung aufweist. Das Lagerelement ist in der Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte angeordnet. Ferner weist die erfindungsgemäße Anlenkung eine Kupplungsstange auf, die durch die Durchgangsöffnung des Lagerelementes hindurchragt.According to the present invention, the articulation, in particular for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a car body, is provided with a base plate which has at least one through-opening and with a bearing element which has at least one through-opening. The bearing element is arranged in the through opening of the base plate. Further the articulation according to the invention has a coupling rod which protrudes through the through-opening of the bearing element.
Insbesondere ist hierbei vorgesehen, dass sich der wagenkastenseitige Endbereich der Kupplungsstange durch die Durchgangsöffnung des Lagerelementes, vorzugsweise zentrisch, erstreckt. Indem das Lagerelement in der Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte angeordnet ist, erstreckt sich die Kupplungsstange somit auch durch die Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte. Durch die Integration des Lagerelementes in die Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte ist vorteilhafterweise lediglich ein minimaler Bauraum zur adäquaten Lagerung der Kupplungsstange durch die Anlenkung notwendig. Weiterhin ist durch die grundlegende Anordnung der Grundplatte, des Lagerelementes und der Kupplungsstange sichergestellt, dass die Kupplungsstange im Wesentlichen, entsprechend des erfindungsgemäßen Verwendungszweckes, eine kardanische Bewegungsfreiheit besitzt, die bedarfsweise beschränkbar ist.In particular, it is provided here that the end region of the coupling rod on the car body side extends, preferably centrally, through the through-opening of the bearing element. Because the bearing element is arranged in the through-opening of the base plate, the coupling rod thus also extends through the through-opening of the base plate. Due to the integration of the bearing element in the through-opening of the base plate, only a minimal installation space is advantageously required for adequately supporting the coupling rod through the articulation. Furthermore, the basic arrangement of the base plate, the bearing element and the coupling rod ensures that the coupling rod essentially has a cardanic freedom of movement, corresponding to the intended use according to the invention, which can be limited as required.
Weiterhin weist das Lagerelement wenigstens eine Stützkomponente und eine Rückstellkomponente auf. Die Stützkomponente liegt auf der Kupplungsstange wenigstens teilweise auf. Die Kupplungsstange ist somit nicht über ihren gesamten Umfang mit dem Stützelement in Berührung. Die Stützkomponente weist in der Folge einen direkten Kontakt zu der Kupplungsstange auf, während die Rückstellkomponente keinen direkten Kontakt zu der Kupplungsstange aufweist.Furthermore, the bearing element has at least one support component and one restoring component. The support component at least partially rests on the coupling rod. The coupling rod is therefore not in contact with the support element over its entire circumference. As a result, the support component is in direct contact with the coupling rod, while the restoring component is not in direct contact with the coupling rod.
Die Stützkomponente besteht aus einem Material mit hinreichender mechanischer Festigkeit, vorzugsweise Metall. Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung kann die Stützkomponente gleichfalls aus Kompositmaterialien wie z.B. Verbundwerkstoffen oder anderen mechanisch belastbaren Materialien bestehen, welche die zweckspezifischen Eigenschaften aufweisen. So ist eine zweckmäßige Lagerung der Kupplungsstange innerhalb der Grundplatte durch das Lagerelement auf minimalen Bauraum sichergestellt.The support component consists of a material with sufficient mechanical strength, preferably metal. In the context of the present invention, the support component can also consist of composite materials such as composite materials or other mechanically resilient materials which have the properties specific to the purpose. This ensures that the coupling rod is appropriately supported within the base plate by the bearing element in a minimum of space.
Unter dem Rückstellelement ist im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ein reversibel verformbares, elastisches Element zu verstehen. Dieses ist dazu geeignet, eine einwirkende Kraft durch reversible bzw. elastische Verformung zu absorbieren und damit eine Rückstellkraft zu entwickeln. Insbesondere kann das Rückstellelement aus einem Elastomer bestehen, oder aus einem vergleichbaren elastisch verformbaren Material. Vorteilhafterweise ist das Rückstellelement somit in der Lage, eine einwirkende Kraft bzw. ein einwirkendes Moment durch Kompression, Torsion oder Verwindung aufzunehmen und sich elastisch zurückzubilden, wobei von dem Rückstellelement eine Rückstellkraft ausgeht.Within the meaning of the present invention, the restoring element is to be understood as meaning a reversibly deformable, elastic element. This is suitable for absorbing an acting force through reversible or elastic deformation and thus developing a restoring force. In particular, the restoring element can consist of an elastomer or of a comparable elastic material deformable material. The restoring element is thus advantageously able to absorb an acting force or an acting moment by compression, torsion or torsion and to recover elastically, with a restoring force emanating from the restoring element.
Insbesondere ergibt sich durch die Zusammensetzung des Lagerelementes aus der Stützkomponente und der Rückstellkomponente der Vorteil, dass eine insbesondere punktförmig eingeleitete Kraft bzw. Moment von der Stützkomponente in die Rückstellkomponente weitergeleitet wird. Hierbei wird eine Übertragung von Spannungsspitzen in die elastisch verformbare Rückstellkomponente verhindert, indem die Stützkomponente mit höherer Festigkeit die einwirkenden Kräfte auf eine größere Wirkungsfläche verteilt. Somit erfolgt eine schonendere Krafteinleitung in die Rückstellkomponente, wodurch einer Beschädigung derselben vorgebeugt wird.In particular, the composition of the bearing element from the support component and the restoring component results in the advantage that a force or moment introduced in particular at a point is passed on from the supporting component to the restoring component. This prevents stress peaks from being transferred to the elastically deformable restoring component, in that the supporting component with higher strength distributes the forces acting over a larger effective area. This results in a gentler introduction of force into the restoring component, which prevents damage to the same.
Um ein Verdrehen zwischen dem Lagerelement, insbesondere der Stützkomponente und der Kupplungsstange zu vermeiden, ist in einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung eine Verdrehsicherung vorgesehen, welche in besonders vorteilhafter Ausbildung als formschlüssige Verdrehsicherung zwischen Kupplungsstange und Lagerelement, insbesondere Stützkomponente ausgebildet ist. Diese kann verschiedenartig ausgebildet sein. Das Lagerelement und die Kupplungsstange weisen dazu miteinander in Wirkverbindung bringbare Einrichtungen zur Realisierung des Formschlusses auf.In order to prevent twisting between the bearing element, in particular the support component, and the coupling rod, an advantageous further development provides an anti-rotation device which, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, is designed as a form-fitting anti-rotation device between the coupling rod and bearing element, in particular the support component. This can be designed in various ways. For this purpose, the bearing element and the coupling rod have devices that can be brought into an operative connection with one another in order to implement the positive connection.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung weist die Kupplungsstange zumindest eine, vorzugsweise wenigstens zwei Schlüsselflächen auf. Die Schlüsselflächen erstrecken sich in Längsrichtung der Kupplungsstange an deren Außenseite über wenigstens einen Teil ihrer Gesamtlänge. Die Kupplungsstange weist somit vorzugsweise wenigstens in einen Teilbereich keinen vollständig runden Querschnitt auf. Vielmehr ist der runde Querschnitt der Kupplungsstange in wenigstens zwei Bereichen z.B. durch ebene Flächen modifiziert, die sich nicht zwingend direkt gegenüberstehen. Auf diese Weise kann die Kupplungsstange anhand der Schlüsselflächen entlang ihres modifizierten Umfangs in eine formschlüssige Verbindung eingebracht werden. Weiterhin kann eine einzelne Schlüsselfläche zweckmäßig auch eine komplexere Form, z.B. mit zusätzlichen Oberflächenstrukturen oder als zwei gegeneinander geneigte Flächen, ausgebildet sein.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coupling rod has at least one, preferably at least two wrench flats. The wrench flats extend in the longitudinal direction of the coupling rod on the outside over at least part of its total length. The coupling rod thus preferably does not have a completely round cross section, at least in a partial area. Rather, the round cross section of the coupling rod is modified in at least two areas, for example by flat surfaces that do not necessarily face each other directly. In this way, the coupling rod can be brought into a form-fitting connection using the wrench flats along its modified circumference. Furthermore, a single wrench flat expediently also has a more complex shape, for example with additional Surface structures or as two mutually inclined surfaces may be formed.
In einer Ausführungsform weist das Lagerelement, insbesondere die Stützkomponente des Lagerelementes, wenigstens zwei Schlüsselflächen auf. Die Schlüsselflächen sind an der Innenseite des Lagerelementes bzw. der Stützkomponente des Lagerelementes vorgesehen. Ebenso wie für die Kupplungsstange, müssen sich die Schlüsselflächen des Lagerelementes nicht direkt einander gegenüberstehen, können als komplexere Oberflächenstrukturen ausgebildet sein und sind nicht auf die Ausgestaltung als einfache plane Flächen beschränkt.In one embodiment, the bearing element, in particular the support component of the bearing element, has at least two wrench flats. The wrench flats are provided on the inside of the bearing element or the support component of the bearing element. Just as for the coupling rod, the wrench flats of the bearing element do not have to face each other directly, can be designed as more complex surface structures and are not limited to the design as simple flat surfaces.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung sind die Kupplungsstange und das Lagerelement derart zueinander angeordnet, dass sich jeweils eine der Schlüsselflächen der Kupplungsstange und des Lagerelementes als korrespondierende Gleitflächen gegenüberstehen. Demnach wird durch die Aufnahme bzw. Lagerung der Kupplungsstange in dem Lagerelement bzw. der Stützkomponente eine formschlüssige Verbindung erzeugt. Die erfindungsgemäße Anlenkung wirkt somit einer Verdrehung der Kupplungsstange um die Längsachse vorteilhafterweise entgegen.According to the present invention, the coupling rod and the bearing element are arranged in relation to one another in such a way that one of the key surfaces of the coupling rod and of the bearing element faces one another as corresponding sliding surfaces. Accordingly, a form-fitting connection is produced by receiving or mounting the coupling rod in the bearing element or the support component. The articulation according to the invention thus advantageously counteracts twisting of the coupling rod about the longitudinal axis.
Die Ausbildung als korrespondierende Gleitflächen bedeutet, dass die sich gegenüberstehenden Schlüsselflächen entsprechend ausgestaltet sein müssen, um der in dem Lagerelement aufgenommenen Kupplungsstange eine Bewegung zu ermöglichen. Insbesondere ist für die erfindungsgemäße Anlenkung vorgesehen, dass sich die gelagerte Kupplungsstange anhand der korrespondierenden Schlüsselflächen um die Querachse rotieren lässt. Die Position dieser Rotationsachse wird durch die Lagerung in dem Lagerelement bzw. der Grundplatte definiert. Des Weiteren wird durch die korrespondierenden Schlüsselflächen, die sich an der Kupplungsstange über wenigstens einen Teil ihrer Gesamtlänge erstrecken, auch eine translatorische Bewegung entlang der Längsachse der Kupplungsstange, z.B. bei der Einwirkung von Druck- und/oder Zugkräften, ermöglicht.The design as corresponding sliding surfaces means that the key surfaces opposite one another must be designed accordingly in order to enable the coupling rod accommodated in the bearing element to move. In particular, it is provided for the articulation according to the invention that the mounted coupling rod can be rotated about the transverse axis using the corresponding wrench flats. The position of this axis of rotation is defined by the bearing in the bearing element or the base plate. Furthermore, the corresponding wrench flats, which extend on the coupling rod over at least part of its total length, also allow a translatory movement along the longitudinal axis of the coupling rod, e.g. when compressive and/or tensile forces are applied.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Rückstellkomponente derart auf der Stützkomponente angeordnet, dass die Stützkomponente anhand der Rückstellkomponente gegen die Durchgangsöffnung der Lagerplatte formschlüssig abstützbar ist. Auf diese Weise ist bei Verdrehung der Kupplungsstange um die Längsachse eine Rückstellkraft auf die Kupplungsstange übertragbar.In a further embodiment of the present invention, the restoring component is arranged on the support component in such a way that the restoring component can be used to support the support component in a form-fitting manner against the through-opening of the bearing plate. In this way, when twisting the coupling rod a restoring force can be transmitted to the coupling rod around the longitudinal axis.
Insbesondere ist die Rückstellkomponente auf der Stützkomponente formschlüssig angeordnet, sodass ein Torsionsmoment, welches von der Kupplungsstange auf die Stützkomponente übertragen wird, von der Stützkomponente auf die Rückstellkomponente übergeht. Die Rückstellkomponente stützt das Stützelement formschlüssig gegen die Innenseite der Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte ab. So wird das von der Kupplungsstange eingeleitete Moment bzw. die eingeleitete Kraft durch eine elastische Verformung, insbesondere eine Verwindung, des Rückstellelementes absorbiert.In particular, the restoring component is arranged in a form-fitting manner on the support component, so that a torsional moment, which is transmitted from the coupling rod to the support component, is transferred from the support component to the restoring component. The restoring component supports the support element in a form-fitting manner against the inside of the through-opening of the base plate. Thus, the moment introduced by the coupling rod or the force introduced is absorbed by an elastic deformation, in particular a torsion, of the restoring element.
Gleichzeitig geht von dem Rückstellelement bei der elastischen Verformung, unter anderem durch Abstützung gegen die Grundplatte, eine Rückstellkraft aus, die der Verdrehung der Kupplungsstange entgegenwirkt. Auf diese Art kann vorteilhafterweise, anhand der formschlüssigen Verbindungen zwischen Kupplungsstange und Stützkomponente, zwischen Stützkomponente und Rückstellkomponente und zwischen Rückstellkomponente und Grundplatte, eine Verdrehung der Kupplungsstange effizient verhindert bzw. ihr entgegengewirkt werden.At the same time, a restoring force, which counteracts the twisting of the coupling rod, emanates from the restoring element during the elastic deformation, among other things by being supported against the base plate. In this way, twisting of the coupling rod can advantageously be efficiently prevented or counteracted on the basis of the form-fitting connections between the coupling rod and the support component, between the support component and the restoring component and between the restoring component and the base plate.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Gegenstandes weist das Lagerelement wenigstens eine ballige Kontur auf. So ist die Kupplungsstange quer zur Längsachse an wenigstens einem Kontaktpunkt mit dem Lagerelement, insbesondere an wenigstens einem Kontaktpunkt mit der Stützkomponente, in dem Lagerelement bzw. der Grundplatte gelagert. Insbesondere führt die ballige Kontur des Lagerelementes bzw. der Stützkomponente dazu, dass der Kupplungsstange ein optimaler Bewegungsspielraum zur Rotation um die Querachse zur Verfügung gestellt wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the object according to the invention, the bearing element has at least one convex contour. The coupling rod is mounted in the bearing element or the base plate transversely to the longitudinal axis at at least one contact point with the bearing element, in particular at at least one contact point with the support component. In particular, the crowned contour of the bearing element or the support component results in the coupling rod being provided with an optimal freedom of movement for rotation about the transverse axis.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist die Grundplatte an wenigstens einer Seitenfläche einen Aufnahmeflansch, insbesondere zur drehbar gelagerten Aufnahme in einem Wagenkasten, auf. Bevorzugterweise sind an der Grundplatte entlang ihrer Hochachse zwei Aufnahmeflansche vorgesehen, so dass die Grundplatte zweiseitig in dem Wagenkasten z.B. mit Hilfe von entsprechenden Zapfenbefestigungen drehbar gelagert werden kann. Hierdurch wird eine vertikale Drehachse der Grundplatte festgelegt.In a further embodiment, the base plate has a receiving flange on at least one side face, in particular for rotatably mounted receiving in a car body. Two receiving flanges are preferably provided on the base plate along its vertical axis, so that the base plate can be rotatably mounted on two sides in the car body, for example with the aid of corresponding pin attachments. This defines a vertical axis of rotation of the base plate.
Die im Wagenkasten gelagerte Grundplatte gibt folglich eine rotatorische Bewegung der Kupplungsstange in der Horizontalebene um die vertikale Drehachse der Grundplatte frei. Eine rotatorische Bewegung um die Querachse der Kupplungsstange und des Lagerelementes, wird durch die Lagerung im Lagerelement freigegeben. Eine translatorische Bewegung der Kupplungsstange bei der Einwirkung von Druck- und/oder Zugkräften wird anhand der korrespondierenden Gleitflächen bzw. der Schlüsselflächen des Stützelementes und der Kupplungsstange ermöglicht.The base plate mounted in the car body consequently releases a rotational movement of the coupling rod in the horizontal plane around the vertical axis of rotation of the base plate. A rotational movement about the transverse axis of the coupling rod and the bearing element is released by the bearing in the bearing element. A translational movement of the coupling rod under the action of pressure and/or tensile forces is made possible by means of the corresponding sliding surfaces or key surfaces of the support element and the coupling rod.
Hingegen wirkt die derartig gelagerte Grundplatte einer Verdrehung der Kupplungsstange entlang der Längsachse über das Lagerelement als ein Festlager entgegen. Auf diese Weise kann die sich an der Grundplatte abstützende Rückstellkomponente eine Rückstellkraft auf die Kupplungsstange ausüben. Einer Verdrehung der Kupplungsstange wird vorgebeugt bzw. entgegengewirkt.On the other hand, the base plate mounted in this way counteracts twisting of the coupling rod along the longitudinal axis via the bearing element as a fixed bearing. In this way, the restoring component supported on the base plate can exert a restoring force on the coupling rod. Twisting of the coupling rod is prevented or counteracted.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform kann das Lagerelement einstückig oder mehrstückig ausgebildet sein. Jeder Teil des Lagerelementes, insbesondere bei der mehrstückigen Ausgestaltung, weist vorzugsweise eine Stützkomponente und eine Rückstellkomponente auf. Insbesondere ist hierbei vorgesehen, dass verschiedene Stücke des Lagerlementes nicht identisch sein müssen, sondern verschiedene Geometrien aufweisen können, um in Kombination miteinander gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wirken zu können. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, das Lagerelement zweiteilig auszuführen und von beiden Seiten in die Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte einzubringen, so dass sich aus den zwei Teilen ein einzelnes Lagerelement ergibt. So kann die Fertigung und Montage gegebenenfalls erleichtert und das Lagerelement auf einfache Weise an die zweckspezifischen Bedingungen angepasst werden.According to one embodiment, the bearing element can be designed in one piece or in several pieces. Each part of the bearing element, particularly in the multi-piece configuration, preferably has a support component and a restoring component. In particular, it is provided here that different pieces of the bearing element do not have to be identical, but can have different geometries in order to be able to act in combination with one another according to the present invention. For example, it is possible to design the bearing element in two parts and to introduce it into the through-opening of the base plate from both sides, so that a single bearing element results from the two parts. In this way, manufacturing and assembly can be made easier, if necessary, and the bearing element can be easily adapted to the conditions specific to the purpose.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auf beiden Seiten der Grundplatte jeweils wenigstens eine Energieverzehrkomponente vorgesehen, die auf der Kupplungsstange angeordnet ist. Das Lagerelement und die Grundplatte bilden Anlageflächen aus, an denen die wenigstens zwei Energieverzehrkomponenten abstützbar sind. Insbesondere ist hierbei vorgesehen, dass die Anlageflächen der Grundplatte und des Lagerelementes pro Seite jeweils ineinander übergehen, vorzugsweise naht- bzw. spaltlos, und eine gemeinsame Anlagefläche zur Anlage der jeweiligen Energieverzehrkomponente ausbilden.In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one energy dissipation component is provided on both sides of the base plate and is arranged on the coupling rod. The bearing element and the base plate form contact surfaces on which the at least two energy-absorbing components can be supported. In particular, it is provided here that the contact surfaces of the base plate and the bearing element merge into one another on each side, preferably seamlessly or without a gap, and one form a common contact surface for investing the respective energy-absorbing component.
Anhand der derartig angeordneten Energieverzehrkomponenten können Druck- und/oder Zugkräfte sowie Kräfte durch horizontale und vertikale Auslenkung bei Rotation um die Lagerung im Lagerelement von den Energieverzehrkomponenten reversibel absorbiert werden. Die Energieverzehrkomponenten bestehen hierbei vorzugsweise aus einem Elastomer bzw. Polymer oder einem vergleichbaren Material und weisen reversible Verformungseigenschaften auf, wobei Rückstellkräfte in den Energieverzehrkomponenten entstehen. Gleichfalls kann die maximale Kraftaufnahme der Energieverzehrkomponenten durch die Materialauswahl adaptiert werden.With the energy absorption components arranged in this way, pressure and/or tensile forces as well as forces due to horizontal and vertical deflection during rotation about the bearing in the bearing element can be reversibly absorbed by the energy absorption components. In this case, the energy-absorbing components preferably consist of an elastomer or polymer or a comparable material and have reversible deformation properties, with restoring forces arising in the energy-absorbing components. Likewise, the maximum force absorption of the energy absorption components can be adapted through the choice of material.
Die Grundplatte weist wenigstens einen Aufnahmeflansch zur drehbar gelagerten Aufnahme in einem Wagenkasten auf, und eine Durchgangsöffnung mit wenigstens zwei Anlageflächen für jeweils wenigstens eine Energieverzehrkomponente. Die Energieverzehrkomponenten sind hierbei auf einer Kupplungsstange angeordnet, die sich durch die Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte erstreckt. Von jeder der beiden Seiten kann sich somit wenigstens eine Energieverzehrkomponente an der Anlagefläche der Grundplatte abstützen.The base plate has at least one mounting flange for rotatably mounted mounting in a car body, and a through-opening with at least two contact surfaces for at least one energy-absorbing component each. The energy dissipation components are arranged on a coupling rod that extends through the through-opening of the base plate. At least one energy absorption component can thus be supported on the contact surface of the base plate from each of the two sides.
Im Weiteren ist die Grundplatte asymmetrisch ausgestaltet, so dass eine vertikale Drehachse der in einem Wagenkasten drehbar gelagerten Grundplatte einen Versatz aufweist zu einer vertikalen Symmetrieachse der Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte. Die vertikale Symmetrieachse der Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte bezieht sich hierbei insbesondere auf die symmetrisch angeordneten Anlageflächen, die an die Durchgangsöffnung angrenzen. Diese Anlageflächen werden bei Einsatz eines erfindungsgemäßen Lagerelementes durch das Lagerelement und die Grundplatte ausgebildet.Furthermore, the base plate is designed asymmetrically, so that a vertical axis of rotation of the base plate rotatably mounted in a car body has an offset to a vertical axis of symmetry of the through-opening of the base plate. In this case, the vertical axis of symmetry of the through-opening of the base plate relates in particular to the symmetrically arranged contact surfaces which adjoin the through-opening. These When using a bearing element according to the invention, contact surfaces are formed by the bearing element and the base plate.
Durch den Versatz zwischen der Symmetrieachse des Lagerelementes bzw. der Durchgangsöffnung der Grundplatte und der vertikalen Drehachse der Grundplatte ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die vertikale Drehachse der Grundplatte vorteilhafterweise in Richtung einer Anschraubfläche des Wagenkastens verschiebbar ist. Insbesondere ist durch eine solche asymmetrische Ausführung der Grundplatte und unter Berücksichtigung der Rotationsbereiche, z.B. des wagenkastenseitigen Endbereiches der Kupplungsstange, der verfügbare Bauraum effizienter nutzbar. Gleichfalls ist diese Grundplatte mit asymmetrischer Ausgestaltung auch im Allgemeinen für bereits aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Anlenkungen zur Verbindung einer Kupplungsstange mit einem Wagenkasten einsetzbar und nicht auf den Einsatz einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlenkung bzw. eines erfindungsgemäßen Stützelementes beschränkt.The offset between the axis of symmetry of the bearing element or the through-opening of the base plate and the vertical axis of rotation of the base plate results in the advantage that the vertical axis of rotation of the base plate can advantageously be displaced in the direction of a screw-on surface of the car body. In particular, such an asymmetrical design of the base plate and taking into account the areas of rotation, e.g. the end area of the coupling rod on the car body side, allows the available installation space to be used more efficiently. Likewise, this base plate with an asymmetrical design can also generally be used for articulations already known from the prior art for connecting a coupling rod to a car body and is not limited to the use of an articulation or a support element according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezug auf die beigefügten schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Weitere Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Gegenstandes sollen im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung hierdurch nicht ausgeschlossen sein.The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached schematic drawings. Further embodiments of the subject according to the invention should not be excluded in the context of the present invention.
Es zeigen schematisch:
- Fig. 1:
- eine Explosionsdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Anlenkung mit einem zweiteiligen Lagerelement; und
- Fig. 2:
- eine Querschnittzeichnung der erfindungsgemäßen Anlenkung mit asymmetrischer Grundplatte.
- Figure 1:
- an exploded view of the articulation according to the invention with a two-part bearing element; and
- Figure 2:
- a cross-sectional drawing of the articulation according to the invention with an asymmetrical base plate.
In
Im Weiteren ist auf der Kupplungsstange 10 ein Teil eines zweiteilig ausgeführten Lagerelementes 30 aufgesetzt. Beide Teile des Lagerelementes weisen hierbei eine Stützkomponente 31 mit Schlüsselflächen 34 auf, die an der Innenseite der Stützkomponente 31 vorgesehen sind. Gemäß der Explosionsdarstellung kommt die Stützkomponente 31 bei zweckmäßiger Verwendung wenigstens teilweise in Kontakt mit der Kupplungsstange 10. Insbesondere sind die Schlüsselflächen 11, 34 der Kupplungsstange 10 und der Stützkomponente zueinander korrespondierend und stehen sich gegenüber, sodass eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Kupplungsstange und der Stützkomponente vorliegt.Furthermore, part of a
Ferner ist auf der Stützkomponente des zweiteiligen Lagerelementes 30 jeweils eine Rückstellkomponente 32 vorgesehen. Die Rückstellkomponente 32 und die Stützkomponente 31 sind vorzugsweise formschlüssig miteinander verbunden, um eine Kraftübertragung zu ermöglichen.Furthermore, a restoring
Weiterhin zeigt
Da die Grundplatte 20 eingebauten Zustand in dem Wagenkasten um die vertikale Drehachse 1 drehbar gelagert vorliegt, wirkt die Grundplatte 20 im Falle einer Verdrehung der Kupplungsstange 10 um die Längsachse 1 als ein Festlager. Demnach kann sich die Rückstellkomponente 32 an der Innenseite der Durchgangsöffnung 21 der Grundplatte 20 formschlüssig abstützen und gegebenenfalls elastisch verformen bzw. eine Rückstellkraft ausüben.Since the
Gemäß
In
Innerhalb der Durchgangsöffnung 21 weisen das Lagerelement 30 und insbesondere die zugehörigen Anlageflächen 23, 35 eine Symmetrie auf. Diese hieraus resultierende Symmetrieachse liegt in der Grundplatte 20 versetzt zu einer vertikalen Drehachse 1 vor. Die vertikale Drehachse 1 ergibt sich aus der drehbaren Lagerung der Grundplatte 20 in dem Wagenkasten anhand der Aufnahmeflansche 22. Insbesondere liegt zwischen der Symmetrieachse der Anlageflächen 23, 35 bzw. der Durchgangsöffnung 21 bzw. des Lagerelementes 30 ein Versatz B zu der vertikalen Drehachse 1 der Grundplatte 20 vor.Within the
Im Weiteren ist in
Weiterhin zeigt sich der wenigstens teilweise Kontakt zwischen Kupplungsstange 10 und Stützkomponente 31 dadurch, dass im Querschnitt anhand der balligen Kontur der Lagerkomponente vorzugsweise ein oberer und ein unterer Kontaktpunkt zur Lagerung vorliegen. Auf diese Weise wird die Querachse 2, quer zur Längsachse 1 der Kupplungsstange, als Drehachse festgelegt, um die die Kupplungsstange 10 rotieren kann, um eine Auslenkung in vertikaler Richtung zu vollziehen. Gleichfalls ist aus
Beidseitig der Grundplatte 20 ist wenigstens eine Energieverzehrkomponente 41, 42, 43 vorgesehen, die sich gegen die Anlageflächen 23, 35 des Lagerelementes 30 in Verbindung mit der Grundplatte 20 abstützen. Hierbei ist zu erkennen, dass die Anlageflächen 23, 35 der Grundplatte 20 und des Lagerelementes 30 direkt ineinander übergehen und vorzugsweise eine gemeinsame Anlagefläche ausbilden. Sofern die Kupplungsstange 10 eine Bewegung in horizontaler bzw. vertikaler Richtung, z.B. durch Rotation um die Querachse 2 oder die um das Maß B versetzte vertikale Symmetrieachse des Lagerelementes 30 bzw. der Lagerflächen 23, 35, vollzieht, werden die Energieverzehrkomponenten 41, 42, 43 beidseitig der Grundplatte 20 elastisch verformt und leiten die auftretende Kräfte vorzugsweise gleichmäßig und rechtwinklig in die Anlageflächen 23, 35 ein. Gleichfalls stützen sich die Energieverzehrkomponenten 41, 42, 43 gegen die Anlageflächen 23, 35 ab, um die Auslenkung der Kupplungsstange anschließend zurückzustellen. Selbstverständlich gilt dies nicht nur bei einer rotatorischen Auslenkung der Kupplungsstange um die gelagerte Aufnahme durch das Lagerelement 30 und die Grundplatte 10, sondern auch bei einer translatorischen Bewegung der Kupplungsstange 10 in Folge auftretender Druck- und/oder Zugkräfte.At least one
In diesem Zusammenhang zeigt
- 11
- Vertikale Drehachse der drehbar gelagerten GrundplatteVertical axis of rotation of the pivoted base plate
- 22
- Querachse der gelagerten KupplungsstangeTransverse axis of the mounted coupling rod
- 33
- Längsachse der KupplungsstangeLongitudinal axis of the coupling rod
- 1010
- Kupplungsstangeclutch rod
- 1111
- Schlüsselflächen (der Kupplungsstange)wrench flats (of the coupling rod)
- 2020
- Grundplattebase plate
- 2121
- Durchgangsöffnung (der Kupplungsstange)through hole (of the coupling rod)
- 2222
- Aufnahmeflansch (der Grundplatte)mounting flange (of the base plate)
- 3030
- Lagerelementbearing element
- 3131
- Stützkomponentesupport component
- 3232
- Rückstellkomponentereset component
- 3333
- Durchgangsöffnung (des Lagerelementes)through hole (of the bearing element)
- 3434
- Schlüsselflächen (des Lagerelementes bzw. der Stützkomponente)Wrench flats (of the bearing element or the support component)
- 4040
- Energieverzehrkomponenteenergy absorbing component
Claims (12)
- Linkage for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a railcar body, and coupling rod,having a base plate (20) which has at least one through opening (21), having a bearing element (30) which has at least one through opening (33) and is arranged in the through opening (21) of the base plate (20), wherein the coupling rod (10) protrudes through the through opening (33) of the bearing element (30), whereinthe bearing element (30) has a restoring component (32) which is suitable for absorbing a force that acts on it by way of reversible deformation and therefore for developing a restoring force, characterized in that the bearing element (30) has at least one supporting component (31) which bears partially on the coupling rod (10).
- Linkage and coupling rod according to Claim 1, characterized in that a positively locking anti-rotation safeguard is provided between the coupling rod (10) and the bearing element (30), in particular the supporting component (31).
- Linkage and coupling rod according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the coupling rod (10) has at least one flat (11), preferably at least two flats (11).
- Linkage and coupling rod according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
wherein the bearing element (30), in particular the supporting component (31) of the bearing element (30), has at least two flats (34). - Linkage and coupling rod according to one of Claims 2 to 4,
wherein the coupling rod (10) and the bearing element (30) are arranged in such a way that in each case one of the flats (11, 34) of the coupling rod (10) and the bearing element (30) lie opposite one another as corresponding sliding faces. - Linkage and coupling rod according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein the restoring component (32) is arranged on the supporting component (31) in such a way that the supporting component (31) is able to be supported in a positively locking manner against the through opening (21) of the bearing plate (20) using the restoring component (32), with the result that a restoring force is able to be transmitted to the coupling rod (10) in the case of a rotation of the coupling rod (10) about the longitudinal axis (3). - Linkage and coupling rod according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein the bearing element has at least one spherical contour, with the result that the coupling rod is mounted transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis (3) at at least one contact point with the bearing element (30), in particular at at least one contact point with the supporting component (31). - Linkage and coupling rod according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein the base plate has a receiving flange (22) on at least one side face, in particular in order to be received in a rotatably mounted manner in a railcar body. - Linkage and coupling rod according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein the bearing element (30) is formed in one piece or in multiple pieces with in each case one supporting component (31) and a restoring component (32) . - Linkage and coupling rod according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein in each case at least one energy absorbing component (40) is arranged on the coupling rod (10) on both sides of the base plate (20), and wherein the bearing element (30) and the base plate (20) form contact faces (23, 35) for supporting the energy absorbing components (40). - Linkage and coupling rod according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein the base plate (20) has at least one receiving flange (22) for being received in a rotatably mounted manner in a railcar body, and a through opening (21) with at least two contact faces (23, 35) for contact with in each case at least one energy absorbing component (41, 42, 43) in the through opening (21) of the base plate (20), and the base plate (20) is of asymmetrical configuration in such a way that a vertical axis of rotation (1) of the base plate (20) which is mounted rotatably in a railcar body has an offset (B) with respect to a vertical axis of symmetry of the through opening (21) of the base plate (20), in particular with respect to the axis of symmetry of the contact faces (23, 35) in the through opening (21) of the base plate (20). - Linkage and coupling rod according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein the supporting component is made from a material which is selected from the following group of materials:- metal;- composite material, in particular compound material,and the restoring component is made at least partially from an elastic material.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL16790595T PL3371029T3 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2016-11-02 | Rotationally fixed linkage for articulated connection of a coupling rod to a carriage body |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015221824.4A DE102015221824A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2015-11-06 | Non-rotating linkage for articulating a coupling rod to a car body |
PCT/EP2016/076368 WO2017076871A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2016-11-02 | Rotationally fixed linkage for articulated connection of a coupling rod to a carriage body |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3371029A1 EP3371029A1 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
EP3371029B1 true EP3371029B1 (en) | 2022-02-23 |
Family
ID=57226973
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16790595.9A Active EP3371029B1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2016-11-02 | Rotationally fixed linkage for articulated connection of a coupling rod to a carriage body |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3371029B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108349512B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015221824A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3371029T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017076871A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4299406A1 (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-03 | Dellner Couplers AB | Endpiece for a coupling rod, draft gear for a coupling rod, coupler for a multi-car vehicle and method for building a draft gear or coupler |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH327154A (en) * | 1953-12-12 | 1958-01-15 | Bergische Stahlindustrie | Automatic buffer coupling |
DE1605172C3 (en) * | 1967-10-28 | 1979-11-22 | Knorr-Bremse, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Central buffer coupling for rail vehicles that can be rotated around its longitudinal axis |
AU409131B2 (en) | 1967-12-06 | 1970-12-21 | Amster Industries Incorporated | Connector for articulated railway car |
DE2531216C2 (en) * | 1975-07-12 | 1983-12-22 | Unkel und Meyer GmbH, 4630 Bochum | Coupling for rail-bound wagons, especially trolleys |
DE3421166A1 (en) * | 1983-12-15 | 1985-06-27 | Scharfenbergkupplung Gmbh, 3320 Salzgitter | ELASTIC LINKING OF A MEDIUM BUFFER CLUTCH FOR RAIL VEHICLES |
DE19805287A1 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 1999-08-19 | Schelle | Fastener device for automatic tow coupling of railway vehicle bogies |
DE20009859U1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-10-11 | Sab Wabco Bsi Verkehrstechnik | Device for the elastic mounting of the coupling arm of a central buffer coupling on a rail vehicle |
EP1247715B1 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2010-10-27 | Schwab Verkehrstechnik AG | Traction and buffing device for railway vehicles |
DE10202241C1 (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2003-10-09 | Manfred Bartel | High performance directional coupling |
DE10210059C1 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-10-09 | Manfred Bartel | coupling rod |
DE10246428B4 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2009-07-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Directional joint for coupling rods |
SE526663C2 (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2005-10-18 | Dellner Couplers Ab | Towing device for train coupler and deformation pipe for this |
DK1719684T3 (en) * | 2005-05-03 | 2007-11-12 | Voith Turbo Scharfenberg Gmbh | Central buffer coupling for rail mounted vehicles |
EP1925532B1 (en) | 2005-09-14 | 2010-07-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Steering system for vehicle |
PL1785329T3 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2008-09-30 | Voith Turbo Scharfenberg Gmbh & Co Kg | Joint structure |
ATE422450T1 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2009-02-15 | Voith Patent Gmbh | COUPLING LINKAGE FOR A CAR BODY OF A MULTI-ELEMENT VEHICLE |
DE102007003331B4 (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2009-10-01 | Siemens Ag | Device for the articulated connection of a coupling rod to a vehicle |
DK2060415T3 (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2011-09-19 | Jost Werke Gmbh | Pre-assembled spring trailer coupling |
DE102008030284B4 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-04-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | High performance swing plate right angle joint |
ATE522421T1 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2011-09-15 | Voith Patent Gmbh | LINKAGE FOR ARTICULATELY CONNECTING A COUPLING ROD TO A CAR BODY |
SE534203C2 (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-05-31 | Dellner Couplers Ab | Stabilization link for rail vehicles |
JP5823447B2 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2015-11-25 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | Double shock absorber |
-
2015
- 2015-11-06 DE DE102015221824.4A patent/DE102015221824A1/en active Pending
-
2016
- 2016-11-02 WO PCT/EP2016/076368 patent/WO2017076871A1/en unknown
- 2016-11-02 EP EP16790595.9A patent/EP3371029B1/en active Active
- 2016-11-02 CN CN201680064598.8A patent/CN108349512B/en active Active
- 2016-11-02 PL PL16790595T patent/PL3371029T3/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2017076871A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
DE102015221824A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
EP3371029A1 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
PL3371029T3 (en) | 2022-06-13 |
CN108349512A (en) | 2018-07-31 |
CN108349512B (en) | 2019-09-24 |
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