EP3356657B1 - Transportkälteanlage mit kühleinheit und dieselmotor - Google Patents

Transportkälteanlage mit kühleinheit und dieselmotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3356657B1
EP3356657B1 EP16770183.8A EP16770183A EP3356657B1 EP 3356657 B1 EP3356657 B1 EP 3356657B1 EP 16770183 A EP16770183 A EP 16770183A EP 3356657 B1 EP3356657 B1 EP 3356657B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
condition
diesel
exhaust
particulate filter
regeneration mode
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EP16770183.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3356657A1 (de
Inventor
Garrison S. MOSELEY
Benjamin Edward Ferguson
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
    • F01N3/0293—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust injecting substances in exhaust stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/06—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by varying fuel-air ratio, e.g. by enriching fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0416—Methods of control or diagnosing using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D2041/0022—Controlling intake air for diesel engines by throttle control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2327/00—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor
    • F25B2327/001—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor of the internal combustion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/02—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the subject matter disclosed herein relates to transportation refrigeration systems. More specifically, the subject matter disclosed herein relates to filtering of exhaust gas from transportation refrigeration systems.
  • the transport refrigeration system includes a refrigerant vapor compression system, also referred to as a transport refrigeration unit, and an on-board power unit.
  • the refrigerant vapor compression system typically includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator serially connected by refrigerant lines in a closed refrigerant circuit in accord with known refrigerant vapor compression cycles.
  • the power unit includes an engine, typically diesel powered.
  • the diesel engine however, produces harmful soot particles that are removed from the exhaust stream via a diesel particulate filter (DPF).
  • the DPF is periodically regenerated, removing the accumulated soot particles from the DPF, either via passive or active means.
  • Passive means using the diesel engine exhaust temperature with a catalyst added to the exhaust stream to raise the exhaust gas temperature to combust the soot particles.
  • Active means using the passive system with the addition of injecting added fuel into the exhaust stream, where the added fuel is oxidized by the catalyst to raise the exhaust gas temperature to combust the soot particles.
  • Transportation refrigeration systems often operate at low speeds and low loads, which results in exhaust temperature below the catalyst activation temperature, the point at which the catalyst will oxidize hydro carbons. During such conditions, the DPF will not successfully passively or actively regenerate.
  • WO 2015/023350 discloses a transport refrigeration system in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention according to appended claim 1 provides a transport refrigeration system including a refrigeration unit and a diesel engine powering the refrigeration unit.
  • the diesel engine has an exhaust system for discharging engine exhaust from the diesel engine.
  • An exhaust treatment unit is disposed in the diesel engine exhaust system and includes a diesel oxidation catalyst and a diesel particulate filter.
  • An air control valve is configured to control a quantity of air provided to the diesel engine from an air supply fluidly coupled to the diesel engine.
  • a controller is operably coupled to the air control valve. After initiating regeneration of the diesel particulate filter, the controller is configured to operate the system in either a primary regeneration mode or a secondary regeneration in response to a condition monitored within the exhaust treatment unit.
  • the condition is a rate of temperature change of the exhaust gas and the secondary regeneration mode is used if the rate of temperature change satisfies a pre-determined condition.
  • the primary regeneration mode may include injection of additional fuel and includes adjusting a position of the air control valve if the monitored condition is below a predetermined threshold.
  • the secondary regeneration mode may include utilizing an air control valve only.
  • the exhaust treatment unit may include a sensor for monitoring the condition, the sensor being positioned downstream from the diesel oxidation catalyst.
  • the condition within the exhaust treatment unit may be a rate of temperature change of exhaust gas located upstream from the diesel particulate filter.
  • the condition within the exhaust treatment unit may be a rate of temperature change of exhaust gas output from the diesel oxidation catalyst.
  • the controller is configured to operate in the secondary regeneration mode.
  • the condition within the exhaust treatment unit may be a temperature of exhaust gas located upstream from the diesel particulate filter.
  • condition is satisfied if the temperature is at least equal to 450°C.
  • the invention according to appended claim 10 provides a method of regenerating a diesel particulate filter of an exhaust treatment unit within a transport refrigeration system including initiating regeneration of the diesel particulate filter.
  • a parameter of an exhaust gas upstream from the diesel particulate filter is measured.
  • the diesel particulate filter is regenerated in a primary generation mode if the measured parameter does not satisfy a predetermined condition.
  • the diesel particulate filter is regenerated in a secondary generation mode if the measured parameter satisfies the predetermined condition.
  • Measuring the parameter of the exhaust gas includes sensing a temperature of the exhaust gas, and calculating a rate of temperature change of the exhaust gas, such that the secondary regeneration mode is used if the rate of temperature change satisfies the predetermined condition.
  • Operation in the primary regeneration mode may include injection fuel upstream of the diesel particulate filter.
  • Operation in the secondary regeneration mode may include adjusting a position of an air control valve.
  • the transportation refrigeration system 10 includes a transport refrigeration unit 12 including a compressor 14, a refrigerant condenser heat exchanger 16, an expansion device 18, a refrigerant evaporator heat exchanger 20 and a suction modulation valve 22 connected in a closed loop refrigeration circuit including refrigerant lines 24, 26 and 28 and arranged in a conventional refrigeration cycle.
  • the transport refrigeration system 10 further includes an electronic system controller 30, a diesel engine 32 and an engine controller 34.
  • the transport refrigeration system 10 is mounted as in conventional practice to an exterior wall of the truck, trailer or container with the compressor 14 and the condenser heat exchanger 16 with its associated condenser fan(s) (not shown) and diesel engine 32 disposed externally of the refrigerated cargo box.
  • the transport refrigeration unit 12 when the transport refrigeration unit 12 is operating in a cooling mode, low temperature, low pressure refrigerant vapor is compressed by the compressor 14 to a high pressure, high temperature refrigerant vapor and passed from the discharge outlet of the compressor 14 into refrigerant line 24.
  • the refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit via refrigerant line 24 to and through the heat exchange tube coil or tube bank of the condenser heat exchanger 16, wherein the refrigerant vapor condenses to a liquid, thence through the receiver 36, which provides storage for excess liquid refrigerant, and thence through the subcooler coil 38 of the condenser.
  • the subcooled liquid refrigerant then passes through refrigerant line 24 through a first refrigerant pass of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 40, and thence traverses the expansion device 18 before passing through the evaporator heat exchanger 20.
  • the expansion device 18 which may be an electronic expansion valve (EXV) as depicted in FIG. 1 or a mechanical thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) as depicted in FIG. 2 , the liquid refrigerant is expanded to a lower temperature and lower pressure prior to passing to the evaporator heat exchanger 20.
  • EXV electronic expansion valve
  • TXV mechanical thermostatic expansion valve
  • the refrigerant In flowing through the heat exchange tube coil or tube bank of the evaporator heat exchanger 20, the refrigerant evaporates, and is typically superheated, as it passes in heat exchange relationship return air drawn from the cargo box passing through the airside pass of the evaporator heat exchanger 20.
  • the refrigerant vapor thence passes through the refrigerant line 26, the refrigerant vapor traverses a second refrigerant pass of the refrigerant-to refrigerant heat exchanger 40 in heat exchange relationship with the liquid refrigerant passing through the first refrigerant pass thereof.
  • the refrigerant vapor Before entering the suction inlet of the compressor 14, the refrigerant vapor passes through the suction modulation valve 22 disposed in refrigerant line 26 downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 40 and upstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the compressor 14.
  • the controller 30 can selectively restrict the flow of refrigerant vapor supplied to the compressor 14, thereby reducing the capacity output of the transportation refrigeration unit 12 and in turn reducing the power demand imposed on the engine 32.
  • the air drawn from the cargo box is referred to as "return air” and the air circulated back into the cargo box is referred to as "supply air”.
  • supply air includes mixtures of air and other gases, such as for example, but not limited to nitrogen or carbon dioxide, sometimes introduced into a refrigerated cargo box for transport of perishable product such as produce.
  • the evaporator heat exchanger 20 may, for example, comprise one or more heat exchange tube coils, as depicted in the drawing, or one or more tube banks formed of a plurality of tubes extending between respective inlet and outlet manifolds.
  • the tubes may be round tubes or flat tubes and may be finned or un-finned.
  • the compressor 14 may comprise a single-stage or multiple-stage compressor such as, for example, a reciprocating compressor as depicted in the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the compressor 14 may be a scroll compressor or other type of compressor as the particular type of compressor used is not germane to the disclosure.
  • the compressor 14 comprises a reciprocating compressor having a compressing mechanism, an internal electric compressor motor and an interconnecting drive shaft that are all sealed within a common housing of the compressor 14.
  • the diesel engine 32 drives an electric generator 42 that generates electrical power for driving the compressor motor, which in turn drives the compression mechanism of the compressor 14.
  • the drive shaft of the diesel engine 32 drives the generator shaft.
  • the compressor 14 is a reciprocating compressor having a compressing mechanism with a shaft driven directly by the drive shaft of the diesel engine 32, either through a direct mechanical coupling or through a belt drive 44 as illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the diesel engine 32 receives diesel fuel from a fuel supply 45 and air through an air inlet 46.
  • the byproducts of combustion, exhaust gas including particulates such as soot and other materials exits the diesel engine 32 via an exhaust system including an exhaust pipe defining an exhaust pathway 48, and an exhaust treatment unit 50 disposed in-line in the exhaust pipe.
  • the exhaust treatment unit 50 includes a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) 52 and a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 54 provided along the exhaust pathway 48.
  • the DOC 52 is configured to break down the exhaust pollutants into less harmful substances, such as carbon dioxide and water for example, and the DPF 54 is configured to remove the particulates from the exhaust gas prior to the exhaust gas reaching the ambient atmosphere.
  • Periodic regeneration of the DPF 54 is performed to remove accumulated soot and organic particles from the filter substrate. Regeneration of the DPF 54 is accomplished using an elevated temperature of the exhaust gas to burn the particles, thus removing the particulates from within the DPF 54. To initiate regeneration of the DPF 54, it is necessary for the exhaust gas entering the DOC 52 to be at a temperature of at least 290°C for the catalytic coating on the DOC 52 to become active. It should be understood that the temperatures included herein are intended as examples, and that the activation temperature of the DOC 52 depends on multiple factors, including, but not limited to a concentration of precious metals within the DOC 52 for example.
  • an air control valve 56 is located in an air intake pathway 58 upstream of the air inlet 46 of the diesel engine 32.
  • the air control valve 56 is located between an engine air cleaner 60 and the air inlet 46, and may be, for example, an electronic or mechanically operated valve.
  • the air control valve 56 is connected to the system controller 30, which may use information, such as diesel engine 32 speed, system load, and/or exhaust gas temperature for example, to control the position of the air control valve 56 and the amount of air flowing there through and into the air inlet 46.
  • the controller 30 determines the position of the air control valve 56 required for the exhaust gas to meet or exceed the selected activation temperature of the DOC 52, and adjusts the air control valve 56 accordingly.
  • the air control valve 56 is positioned such that the selected temperature is reached, but airflow into the air inlet 46 is not overly restricted resulting in engine stall.
  • the controller 30 may be configured to initiate regeneration of the DPF 54 automatically. In one embodiment, the controller 30 initiates a regeneration at a predetermined interval of time, such as every hour for example, as monitored by a timing mechanism 62 operably coupled thereto.
  • the timing mechanism 62 may be arranged external to or may be integrally formed with the controller 30.
  • the controller 30 may be configured to initiate a regeneration based on a sensed parameter, for example back pressure within the exhaust pathway 48.
  • One or more sensors are arranged downstream from the diesel engine 32 within the exhaust pathway 48.
  • a temperature sensor 64 is located generally downstream from the DOC 52.
  • the temperature sensor 64 may be arranged within the exhaust treatment unit 50, such as between the DOC 52 and the DPF 54.
  • the temperature sensor 64 is configured to periodically or continuously monitor a temperature of the exhaust gas of the DOC 52 within the exhaust pathway 48.
  • the controller 30 is configured to operate in a primary regeneration mode by injecting additional fuel into the exhaust manifold, upstream of the DOC 52.
  • the injected fuel is oxidized by the catalytic materials within the DOC 52 to increase the exhaust gas temperature.
  • the controller 30 may also adjust the position of the air control valve 56 to restrict engine air, for example if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 64 is less than a predetermined threshold of at least 290°C.
  • the engine 32 will naturally respond by injecting additional fuel in order to maintain engine speed.
  • the air control valve 56 and the addition of fuel are used to achieve an exhaust gas having a temperature sufficient to meet or exceed the desired regeneration temperature.
  • the controller 30 is configured to operate in a secondary regeneration mode.
  • the predetermined condition is satisfied if the rate of temperature change is at least equal to about 3°C/second.
  • the controller 30 is configured to regenerate the DPF 54 using only the air control valve 56.
  • the controller 30 determines a desired position of the air control valve 56 and adjusts the position of the air control valve 56 to drastically reduce the volume of air provided to the diesel engine 32, thereby achieving an exhaust gas having a temperature sufficient to meet or exceed the desired regeneration temperature.
  • the soot accumulated therein is at least partially incinerated as the DPF 54 is regenerated.
  • the air control valve 56 may be held in that position for a predetermined period of time, such as monitored by the timing mechanism 62 for example. Alternatively, the air control valve 56 may be held in that position until the sensed temperature, or rate of temperature change calculated therefrom achieves a second predetermined condition stored within the controller to indicate that the regeneration of the DPF 54 is complete.
  • the DPF 54 By modifying the logic of the controller 30 to select between these modes of regeneration, the DPF 54, the fuel used to regenerate the engine emissions systems in moderate to low temperature ambient conditions is reduced. These revisions also improve the regeneration process by improving control of the temperature of the diesel particulate filter at low ambient temperatures and reduced engine mass flow conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Transportkälteanlage, umfassend:
    eine Kühleinheit;
    einen Dieselmotor (32), der die Kühleinheit antreibt, wobei der Dieselmotor eine Abgasanlage aufweist, um Motorabgas aus dem Dieselmotor abzuführen;
    eine Abgasbehandlungseinheit, die in der Abgasanlage des Dieselmotors angeordnet ist, wobei die Abgasbehandlungseinheit einen Dieseloxidationskatalysator (52) und einen Dieselpartikelfilter (54) einschließt;
    ein Luftregelventil (56), das konfiguriert ist, um eine Luftmenge zu regeln, die dem Dieselmotor von einer Luftzufuhr (46) bereitgestellt wird, die fluidisch an den Dieselmotor gekoppelt ist; und
    gekennzeichnet durch eine Steuerung (30), die mit dem Luftregelventil wirkverbunden ist, wobei die Steuerung nach dem Einleiten der Regeneration des Dieselpartikelfilters konfiguriert ist, um die Anlage als Reaktion auf eine Bedingung, die in der Abgasbehandlungseinheit überwacht wird, in einem von einem primären Regenerationsmodus und einem sekundären Regenerationsmodus zu betreiben;
    wobei die Bedingung einer Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturveränderung des Abgases entspricht und der sekundäre Regenerationsmodus verwendet wird, wenn die Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturveränderung eine vorgegebene Bedingung erfüllt.
  2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, wobei der primäre Regenerationsmodus das Einspritzen von zusätzlichem Kraftstoff vor dem Dieseloxidationskatalysator (52) einschließt und das Einstellen einer Stellung des Luftregelventils (56) einschließt, wenn die überwachte Bedingung unterhalb eines vorgegebenen Schwellenwerts liegt.
  3. Anlage nach Anspruch 2, wobei der sekundäre Regenerationsmodus das Einstellen einer Stellung des Luftregelventils (56) ohne das Einspritzen von zusätzlichem Kraftstoff einschließt.
  4. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Abgasbehandlungseinheit einen Sensor (64) einschließt, um die Bedingung in der Abgasbehandlungseinheit zu überwachen, wobei der Sensor hinter dem Dieseloxidationskatalysator (32) positioniert ist.
  5. Anlage nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Bedingung in der Abgasbehandlungseinheit einer Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturveränderung von Abgas entspricht, das sich vor dem Dieselpartikelfilter (54) befindet.
  6. Anlage nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Bedingung in der Abgasbehandlungseinheit einer Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturveränderung von Abgas entspricht, das von dem Dieseloxidationskatalysator (52) ausgegeben wird.
  7. Anlage nach Anspruch 5, wobei, wenn die Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturveränderung mindestens ungefähr 3 °C/s entspricht, die Steuerung (30) konfiguriert ist, um in dem sekundären Regenerationsmodus betrieben zu werden.
  8. Anlage nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Bedingung in der Abgasbehandlungseinheit einer Temperatur von Abgas entspricht, das sich vor dem Dieselpartikelfilter (54) befindet.
  9. Anlage nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Bedingung erfüllt ist, wenn die Temperatur mindestens 450 °C entspricht.
  10. Verfahren zum Regenerieren eines Dieselpartikelfilters (54) einer Abgasbehandlungseinheit in einer Transportkälteanlage, umfassend:
    Einleiten der Regeneration des Dieselpartikelfilters;
    Messen eines Parameters eines Abgases vor dem Dieselpartikelfilter; und
    Regenerieren des Dieselpartikelfilters in einem primären Regenerationsmodus, wenn der gemessene Parameter, eine vorgegebene Bedingung nicht erfüllt;
    gekennzeichnet durch das Regenerieren des Dieselpartikelfilters in einem sekundären Regenerationsmodus, wenn der gemessene Parameter die vorgegebene Bedingung erfüllt;
    wobei das Messen des Parameters des Abgases das Erfassen einer Temperatur des Abgases einschließt, und
    Berechnen einer Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturveränderung des Abgases, sodass der sekundäre Regenerationsmodus verwendet wird, wenn die Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturveränderung die vorgegebene Bedingung erfüllt.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, wobei der Betrieb in dem primären Regenerationsmodus das Einspritzen von Kraftstoff vor dem Dieselpartikelfilter (54) einschließt.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, wobei der Betrieb in dem sekundären Regenerationsmodus das Einstellen einer Stellung eines Luftregelventils (56) einschließt.
EP16770183.8A 2015-09-29 2016-09-14 Transportkälteanlage mit kühleinheit und dieselmotor Active EP3356657B1 (de)

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US201562234140P 2015-09-29 2015-09-29
PCT/US2016/051675 WO2017058518A1 (en) 2015-09-29 2016-09-14 Transportation refrigeration system comprising a refrigeration unit and a diesel engine

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CN108138616A (zh) 2018-06-08
US11053834B2 (en) 2021-07-06
EP3356657A1 (de) 2018-08-08
US20180266297A1 (en) 2018-09-20
ES2828028T3 (es) 2021-05-25
WO2017058518A1 (en) 2017-04-06

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