EP3351313A1 - Method and device for pressure rolling - Google Patents
Method and device for pressure rolling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3351313A1 EP3351313A1 EP17151935.8A EP17151935A EP3351313A1 EP 3351313 A1 EP3351313 A1 EP 3351313A1 EP 17151935 A EP17151935 A EP 17151935A EP 3351313 A1 EP3351313 A1 EP 3351313A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- roller
- support
- clamping
- rollers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020347 spindle assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/18—Spinning using tools guided to produce the required profile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
- B21D53/30—Making other particular articles wheels or the like wheel rims
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for spin forming, in particular a vehicle wheel, wherein a workpiece by means of a spindle in rotation about a rotation axis and at least one outer roller is delivered by means of an external support on an outer side of the workpiece, wherein formed under material thinning an axially extending jacket region of the workpiece is, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention further relates to a device for spin forming with a spindle, which is driven by a drive rotating about a rotation axis and designed to hold a workpiece, at least one outer roller which is rotatably mounted on an outer support, which for feeding to the workpiece axially and radially according to the preamble of claim 10.
- a method for spin forming with an increased flexibility in the shaping is known from EP 2 210 682 B1 known.
- a variable spinning mandrel with a conical outer contour is provided as a spinning chuck.
- the Driven mandrel is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation.
- a variable inner diameter can be provided at the respective forming zone.
- this method is limited to certain inner contours.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for spin forming, with which a particularly high variety of shapes of workpieces can be flexibly and efficiently generated.
- the inventive method is characterized in that at least one inner roller is delivered to an inner side of the workpiece by means of an inner support, which is movable independently of the outer support axially and radially to the axis of rotation, and that by means of a CNC control of the inner support with the inner roller and the Outside support to be moved individually with the outer roller, wherein on the shell region a defined wall thickness profile with different wall thicknesses between the at least one outer roller and the at least one inner roller is formed.
- a basic idea of the invention is to depart from a predetermined spinning tool, which defines a negative mold of an inner contour of the workpiece, and to provide at least one inner roller for forming the inner contour.
- the inner roller is not moved in a straight line parallel to the outer roller, but the inner roller is mounted on an inner support which is movable independently of the outer support axially and radially to the axis of rotation. It can be produced as a nearly unlimited variety of shapes without conversion of a spinning tool.
- a CNC control is provided according to the invention and preferably additionally a programming support software, which is used in particular offline on a PC.
- the inner support with the inner roller and the outer support with the outer roller can be moved independently of each other. It can be set on the inside and the outside of the workpiece, a free contour curve.
- the effective shaping gap and thus a wall thickness profile can be formed in the axial jacket region of the workpiece to be formed with high freedom of shaping.
- the term flow-forming rollers in the context of the invention is to be understood broadly and includes not only a forming with a change in wall thickness but also a pressing at a constant wall thickness.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the at least one inner roller and the at least one associated outer roller are moved radially and axially relative to each other for forming the jacket region.
- an individual course of the inner contour and outer contour as well as a wall thickness course arranged therebetween can be set almost as desired.
- the wall thickness is determined by a knowledge of the invention not only by a radial distance of the inner roller to the outer roller.
- the inner roller or the outer roller of the other role axially targeted forward or lag.
- an abutment function is created in an axial direction, which may be essential for a dimensionally accurate stretching.
- the workpiece is clamped to the spindle, wherein a free space in a central region remains radially within the jacket region.
- This jacket region is designed so large that at least one inner roller can be delivered to an inner contour of the jacket region.
- the workpiece is clamped on one side on the spindle, for example by means of a three- or multi-jaw chuck.
- Other clamping mechanisms may be used, such as with an axial clamping element or counter-holding element, which is attached to or through a central opening on a hub portion of the workpiece.
- the workpiece it is advantageous for the workpiece to be clamped on a partial area of the outer circumference.
- the workpiece can be kept centered on the spindle from the outside via corresponding clamping jaws.
- the workpiece is provided with a tensioning and / or centering aid prior to spin forming.
- a tensioning and / or centering aid may be included in the workpiece, which is in particular cast in cast wheels. This can be carried out in such a way, for example by means of projections or stop edges, that they support the transmission of torque from the chuck to the workpiece.
- the clamping and / or centering aid is removed after the spin forming of the workpiece. This can be done in particular by a simple machining. This can also be done with a separate machine, such as a lathe, or the flow-forming device itself with a cutting tool.
- an inner clamping device is provided, through which a hub portion of the workpiece is covered.
- the deformation of the wheel begins in the immediate vicinity of a radially extending hub region of the workpiece. These may be a star or rim spokes on certain vehicle rims.
- the clamping device has a relatively large-area plate-like clamping surface through which the specially designed and preformed hub area is covered and protected.
- the method according to the invention can be used for forming an arbitrary workpiece with an axially extending, tubular jacket region.
- the jacket region it is particularly preferred for the jacket region to be designed as a rim base of a vehicle wheel with at least one hump, which is formed as a thickening in the wall thickness profile.
- the forming of a cast Vormfom to a rim blank which is then further processed to the finished wheel, in particular by spanabhenbende processing.
- a largely weight-optimized vehicle wheel can thus be produced in which the wall thickness profile of the rim base is adapted to the actual load of the vehicle wheel during operation.
- areas with low load are formed with a small wall thickness, while heavily loaded areas are formed with a correspondingly large wall thickening.
- a hump so a bead for fixing the tire to the rim base, also be formed in a simple manner by a wall thickening along the rim base.
- the hump represents a radially outwardly projecting annular increase in the rim well.
- the inner roller and the outer roller are simultaneously moved relative to each other in the radial and axial direction to form a hump and / or horn region.
- the lateral rim flanges can be formed.
- other and other inner rollers with a modified and adapted outer contour can be used.
- contoured outer rollers for forming the rim flanges Due to the freely programmable interior and External rollers is also a gradual reshaping of the rim contour possible, so that targeted in certain areas of the rim higher work hardening and / or microstructural changes are brought about. As a result, stability increases and / or weight reductions on the workpiece are possible.
- the inventive apparatus for spin forming is characterized in that the at least one inner roller is rotatably mounted on an inner support, which is mounted axially and radially to the axis of rotation independently of the outer support, and that a CNC control for the individual method of at least one réellesupport with the inner roller and the at least one outer support is provided with the outer roller, wherein between the inner roller and the outer roller a wall thickness profile of the workpiece is adjustable.
- the device according to the invention can be used in particular for carrying out the method described above. It can be achieved the advantages described above.
- a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is that a plurality of inner rollers and outer rollers are provided, wherein in each case an inner roller is assigned to an outer roller.
- a plurality of inner rollers preferably three inner rollers, arranged on a common roller carrier.
- the individual inner rollers can be pivotally adjustable relative to the axis of rotation. In this way, a targeted shaping of the various contour regions of the workpiece can be achieved.
- separately axially and / or radially adjustable inner rollers or inner supports may be provided in a further preferred embodiment.
- a clamping device for clamping the workpiece is arranged on the spindle, with a free space remaining in a central region radially within the jacket region of the workpiece.
- this free space of at least one inner support is retractable, so that an inner contour of the jacket portion of the workpiece can be formed by the at least one inner roller.
- a control device with a data memory in which data sets for moving the inner roller and the outer roller are stored for different workpiece shapes.
- the respective desired data set for a particular workpiece design can be called up by a machine operator.
- different workpieces can be produced on a flow-forming device in such an efficient way.
- the device with the control device is provided via a remote data connection, in particular an Internet connection. In this way, new or updated data records for existing or new workpieces can be transferred to the data memory of the machine.
- the device according to the invention can thus be provided for a highly flexible use in projects of Industry 4.0.
- a particularly good contouring according to a development of the invention can be achieved in that at least one of the rollers is provided with an auxiliary drive for rotationally driving the roller.
- both the inner rollers and the outer rollers can be provided with a respective roller drive.
- the inner and / or outer rollers can be accelerated before they come into contact with the material to be formed of the rotating workpiece.
- a baking on the rollers and / or increased wear of the rollers is counteracted.
- the roller drive is executed in a preferred embodiment with a freewheel or speed control device that allows automatic adjustment of the peripheral speed of the roller to the component.
- an ejector for ejection from the clamping device, an ejector, in particular an axially adjustable ejector, are used.
- the ejection is preferably carried out as a controlled movement.
- the apparatus for spin forming is designed as a vertical machine with a hanging or alternatively stationary spindle, so that the workpiece centering is facilitated.
- vertically suspended spindle of the counter-holder of the clamping device can also take over the function of loading and unloading.
- the inner and / or outer supports are preferably designed as independently controllable supports, which are only electrically synchronized.
- the outer roller is preferably set at an angle of 0 to 15 ° to the rotation axis, while the inner rollers are preferably employed from 0 to 45 ° and cooperate over a preferably significantly larger roller radius at the forming.
- the delivery of the outer and inner rollers is preferably carried out via two linear cross supports. Alternatively, the use of at least two inner rollers can be dispensed with the cross support by the rollers are displaced simultaneously via Keilschieber or hired.
- An inventive apparatus 10 for spin forming according to Fig. 1 has a spindle 12 rotatably driven by a drive, not shown.
- the spindle 12 rotates about a central axis of rotation 13 which is horizontal in the illustrated embodiment.
- the spindle 12 may be directed vertically with the axis of rotation 13, wherein a workpiece 5 then rests on the spindle 12 or is tensioned in a suspended spindle assembly on an overhead spindle 12.
- a mounted on the spindle 12 plate-shaped clamping device 14 with axially acting clamping jaws 16 can be a workpiece 5 releasably and rotatably and centrally connected to the rotation axis 13 with the spindle 12.
- the workpiece 5 is in the illustrated embodiment, a preform of a vehicle wheel.
- the preform is preferably by casting or forging of a metal material manufactured.
- the rotationally symmetrical workpiece 5 has a substantially radially extending hub region 6 with a central opening 4 and a substantially axially extending drum-shaped jacket region 7. With the clamping jaws 16, the workpiece 5 is fixed on one side on its outer periphery on the spindle 12.
- the spindle 12 After clamping the spindle 12 is rotated with the workpiece 5 in rotation.
- three outer rollers 20, of which only one outer roller 20 is shown, are delivered by means not shown external supports radially to the outside of the jacket portion 7 of the workpiece 5.
- an inner support 40 with three offset by 120 ° to each other arranged inner rollers 30 is delivered in a central space within the drum-shaped shell portion 7.
- the inner rollers 30 are first applied adjacent to the radial hub region 6 to an inner side of the jacket region 7.
- the inner support 40 has a centric and conical center support 42, on the outside of which linear guides 44 for slides 46 are arranged.
- roller holder 48 are pivotally mounted on the linearly movable carriage 46 holder 48.
- the inner rollers 30 are rotatably supported by roller bearings.
- the inner rollers 30 can be pivoted about the pivotable roller holder 48 during the flow-forming process and can be moved radially and / or axially by means of the carriage 46 and the inner support 40.
- the outer rollers 20 can be mounted on an external support, not shown, pivotable and radially and axially movable.
- the jacket portion 7 of the workpiece 5 can be formed into a rim with a Hump 8, which represents a thickening in the wall thickness profile of the jacket portion 7.
- the end-shaped jacket region 7 is elongated relative to the jacket region 7 of the starting workpiece 5 and thinned out with regard to the wall thickness. It can be generated with the device 10 according to the invention an almost arbitrary outer contour and an inner contour.
- the second embodiment according to the Figures 3 and 4 corresponds substantially to the structure of the first device 10 according to the invention according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 ,
- a modified inner roller 30 with an annular radial projection 32 and an abutment portion 34 adjacent in the front region.
- the radially projecting radial projection 32 on the inner roller 30 can serve for forming an inner contour along the inner side of a jacket region 7 of the workpiece 5 in interaction with the outer roller 20 acting radially outward.
- the front abutment portion 34 may be used to form a rim flange at the free end of the molded rim well, as shown clearly in FIG Fig. 4 is shown.
- the abutment portion 34 may be formed in particular a negative mold of the inner contour of the rim flange and for receiving the forming forces of the outer roller 20.
- different outer rollers 20 can be delivered with an adapted outer contour on the jacket region 7.
- an outer roller 20 may have an outer contour corresponding to the desired shape of the rim flange to be shaped.
- the counter-holder 18 may have a plate-shaped contact element 19, which is adapted to a contouring of the hub region 6 of the workpiece 5.
- workpieces 5 having a large variety of shapes of a wall region 7 can be formed without conversion measures.
- This method makes it possible for the first time, repeated, step-by-step spinning, until the final final geometry or complete structural change was achieved.
- P refer spinning of cast wheels at temperatures up to 400 ° C. Heat treatments of the wheels can directly follow the flow-forming process.
- the method can also be used for the cold forming of aluminum forged wheels, as well as for steel wheels.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Drückwalzen, wobei ein Werkstück (5) mittels einer Spindel (12) in Rotation versetzt und mindestens eine Außenrolle (20) an eine Außenseite des Werkstücks (5) zugestellt wird. Unter Materialverdünnung wird ein sich axial erstreckender Mantelbereich des Werkstücks (5) geformt. Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass mindestens eine Innenrolle (30) an einer Innenseite des Werkstücks (5) mittels einem Innensupport (40) zugestellt wird, welcher unabhängig von der Außenrolle (20) axial und radial zu der Rotationsachse verfahrbar ist. Mittels einer CNC-Steuerung werden der Innensupport (40) mit der Innenrolle (30) und ein Außensupport mit der Außenrolle (20) individuell verfahren, wobei an dem Mantelbereich ein definierter Wanddickenverlauf mit unterschiedlichen Wanddicken zwischen der mindestens einen Außenrolle (20) und der mindestens einen Innenrolle (30) gebildet wird. The invention relates to a method and a device for spin forming, wherein a workpiece (5) by means of a spindle (12) set in rotation and at least one outer roller (20) is delivered to an outer side of the workpiece (5). Under material dilution, an axially extending cladding region of the workpiece (5) is formed. According to the invention, it is provided that at least one inner roller (30) is delivered to an inner side of the workpiece (5) by means of an inner support (40), which is movable independently of the outer roller (20) axially and radially to the axis of rotation. The inner support (40) with the inner roller (30) and outer support with the outer roller (20) are moved individually by means of a CNC control, wherein a defined wall thickness profile with different wall thicknesses between the at least one outer roller (20) and the at least an inner roller (30) is formed.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Drückwalzen, insbesondere eines Fahrzeugrades, wobei ein Werkstück mittels einer Spindel in Rotation um eine Rotationsachse versetzt und mindestens eine Außenrolle mittels eines Außensupports an einer Außenseite des Werkstücks zugestellt wird, wobei unter Materialverdünnung ein sich axial erstreckender Mantelbereich des Werkstücks geformt wird, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for spin forming, in particular a vehicle wheel, wherein a workpiece by means of a spindle in rotation about a rotation axis and at least one outer roller is delivered by means of an external support on an outer side of the workpiece, wherein formed under material thinning an axially extending jacket region of the workpiece is, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Vorrichtung zum Drückwalzen mit einer Spindel, welche über einen Antrieb rotierend um eine Rotationsachse antreibbar und zum Halten eines Werkstücks ausgebildet ist, mindestens einer Außenrolle, welche an einem Außensupport drehbar gelagert ist, welcher zum Zustellen an das Werkstück axial und radial relativ zu der Rotationsachse verfahrbar ist, und mindestens einer Innenrolle, welche an eine Innenseite des Werkstücks gegenüberliegend zu der Außenrolle zustellbar ist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 10.The invention further relates to a device for spin forming with a spindle, which is driven by a drive rotating about a rotation axis and designed to hold a workpiece, at least one outer roller which is rotatably mounted on an outer support, which for feeding to the workpiece axially and radially according to the preamble of
Insbesondere bei Fahrzeugrädern, vorzugsweise aus einem Aluminiummaterial, werden diese gegen ein mittiges Drückfutter drückgewalzt. Das Drückfutter, auch Drückwerkzeug genannt, stellt dabei die Negativform der Innengeometrie der Felge eines Fahrzeugrades dar. Eine Veränderung der Felge bedingt dabei üblicherweise auch eine Änderung des Drückfutters, was kostenaufwändig ist. Ein Herstellen von Fahrzeugrädern oder sonstigen Drückteilen mit einer Innenkontur ist daher häufig nur für hohe Stückzahlen wirtschaftlich.Particularly in the case of vehicle wheels, preferably of an aluminum material, these are press-rolled against a central spinning chuck. The spinning chuck, also called spinning tool, thereby represents the negative shape of the inner geometry of the rim of a vehicle wheel. A change of the rim usually requires a change of the spinning chuck, which is costly. The production of vehicle wheels or other pressing parts with an inner contour is therefore often economical only for large quantities.
Ein Verfahren zum Drückwalzen mit einer erhöhten Flexibilität in der Formgebung ist aus der
Aus der
Ein ähnliches Verfahren ist aus der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Drückwalzen anzugeben, mit welchen eine besonders hohe Formenvielfalt an Werkstücken flexibel und effizient erzeugt werden können.The invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for spin forming, with which a particularly high variety of shapes of workpieces can be flexibly and efficiently generated.
Die Aufgabe wird zum einen durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und zum anderen durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 10 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den jeweils abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved on the one hand by a method having the features of claim 1 and on the other hand by a device having the features of
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Innenrolle an eine Innenseite des Werkstücks mittels eines Innensupports zugestellt wird, welche unabhängig von dem Außensupport axial und radial zu der Rotationsachse verfahrbar ist, und dass mittels einer CNC-Steuerung der Innensupport mit der Innenrolle und der Außensupport mit der Außenrolle individuell verfahren werden, wobei an dem Mantelbereich ein definierter Wanddickenverlauf mit unterschiedlichen Wanddicken zwischen der mindestens einen Außenrolle und der mindestens einen Innenrolle gebildet wird.The inventive method is characterized in that at least one inner roller is delivered to an inner side of the workpiece by means of an inner support, which is movable independently of the outer support axially and radially to the axis of rotation, and that by means of a CNC control of the inner support with the inner roller and the Outside support to be moved individually with the outer roller, wherein on the shell region a defined wall thickness profile with different wall thicknesses between the at least one outer roller and the at least one inner roller is formed.
Ein Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, von einem vorgegebenen Drückwerkzeug, welches eine Negativform einer Innenkontur des Werkstücks vorgibt, abzugehen und zum Formen der Innenkontur mindestens eine Innenrolle vorzusehen. Dabei wird die Innenrolle nicht geradlinig parallel zur Außenrolle verfahren, sondern die Innenrolle ist an einem Innensupport gelagert, welcher unabhängig von dem Außensupport axial und radial zur Rotationsachse verfahrbar ist. Es kann so eine nahezu unbegrenzte Formenvielfalt ohne Umbau eines Drückwerkzeuges erzeugt werden.A basic idea of the invention is to depart from a predetermined spinning tool, which defines a negative mold of an inner contour of the workpiece, and to provide at least one inner roller for forming the inner contour. In this case, the inner roller is not moved in a straight line parallel to the outer roller, but the inner roller is mounted on an inner support which is movable independently of the outer support axially and radially to the axis of rotation. It can be produced as a nearly unlimited variety of shapes without conversion of a spinning tool.
Weiter ist nach der Erfindung eine CNC-Steuerung vorgesehen sowie vorzugsweise zusätzlich eine Programmier-Unterstützungssoftware, welche insbesondere offline auf einem PC eingesetzt wird. Mit der Steuerung sind der Innensupport mit der Innenrolle und der Außensupport mit der Außenrolle unabhängig voneinander verfahrbar. Es kann so an der Innenseite und der Außenseite des Werkstücks ein freier Konturenverlauf eingestellt werden. Weiterhin kann durch eine Relativverstellung der Außenrolle zu der zugeordneten Innenrolle der wirksame Formgebungsspalt und damit ein Wanddickenverlauf in dem zu formenden axialen Mantelbereich des Werkstücks mit hoher Formgebungsfreiheit ausgebildet werden. Dabei ist der Begriff Drückwalzen im Sinne der Erfindung breit zu verstehen und umfasst nicht nur ein Umformen mit einer Wanddickenveränderung sondern auch ein Drücken bei gleich bleibender Wanddicke.Next, a CNC control is provided according to the invention and preferably additionally a programming support software, which is used in particular offline on a PC. With the control, the inner support with the inner roller and the outer support with the outer roller can be moved independently of each other. It can be set on the inside and the outside of the workpiece, a free contour curve. Furthermore, by means of a relative adjustment of the outer roller to the assigned inner roller, the effective shaping gap and thus a wall thickness profile can be formed in the axial jacket region of the workpiece to be formed with high freedom of shaping. In this case, the term flow-forming rollers in the context of the invention is to be understood broadly and includes not only a forming with a change in wall thickness but also a pressing at a constant wall thickness.
Mit dem Verfahren lassen sich in effizienter Weise Werkstücke selbst in kleinen Stückzahlen oder sogar einzelne Werkstücke herstellen, da eine aufwändige Herstellung eines starren Drückdorns nicht notwendig ist. Vielmehr wird die Kontur durch eine entsprechende Steuerung der Rollen zueinander frei eingestellt.With the method, workpieces can be produced in an efficient manner even in small numbers or even individual workpieces, since a complex production of a rigid spinning mandrel is not necessary. Rather, the contour is adjusted freely to each other by an appropriate control of the rollers.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die mindestens eine Innenrolle und die mindestens eine zugeordnete Außenrolle zum Ausformen des Mantelbereichs radial und axial zueinander verfahren werden. Hierdurch lassen sich ein individueller Verlauf der Innenkontur und Außenkontur sowie ein dazwischen angeordneter Wanddickenverlauf nahezu beliebig einstellen. Die Wanddicke wird dabei nach einer Erkenntnis der Erfindung nicht nur durch einen radialen Abstand der Innenrolle zu der Außenrolle bestimmt. Insbesondere bei einem Abstreckdrückwalzen, bei welchem der Mantelbereich gegenüber einer ursprünglichen Ausgangsdicke verringert wird, kann die Innenrolle oder die Außenrolle der jeweils anderen Rolle axial gezielt voraus- oder nacheilen. Hierdurch wird auch in einer axialen Richtung eine Widerlagerfunktion geschaffen, welche für ein formgenaues Abstrecken wesentlich sein kann.A preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the at least one inner roller and the at least one associated outer roller are moved radially and axially relative to each other for forming the jacket region. In this way, an individual course of the inner contour and outer contour as well as a wall thickness course arranged therebetween can be set almost as desired. The wall thickness is determined by a knowledge of the invention not only by a radial distance of the inner roller to the outer roller. In particular, in a Abstreckdrückwalzen, wherein the cladding region compared to an original initial thickness is reduced, the inner roller or the outer roller of the other role axially targeted forward or lag. As a result, an abutment function is created in an axial direction, which may be essential for a dimensionally accurate stretching.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist es bevorzugt, dass das Werkstück an der Spindel eingespannt wird, wobei ein Freiraum in einem Mittenbereich radial innerhalb des Mantelbereichs verbleibt. Dieser Mantelbereich ist dabei so groß gestaltet, dass zumindest eine Innenrolle an eine Innenkontur des Mantelbereichs zustellbar ist. Vorzugsweise wird hierzu das Werkstück einseitig an der Spindel eingespannt, etwa mittels eines Drei- oder Mehrbacken-Spannfutters. Andere Spannmechanismen lassen sich verwenden, etwa auch mit einem axialen Spannelement oder Gegenhalteelement, welches an oder durch eine Mittenöffnung an einem Nabenbereich des Werkstücks angesetzt wird.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that the workpiece is clamped to the spindle, wherein a free space in a central region remains radially within the jacket region. This jacket region is designed so large that at least one inner roller can be delivered to an inner contour of the jacket region. Preferably, for this purpose, the workpiece is clamped on one side on the spindle, for example by means of a three- or multi-jaw chuck. Other clamping mechanisms may be used, such as with an axial clamping element or counter-holding element, which is attached to or through a central opening on a hub portion of the workpiece.
Nach einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensvariante ist es vorteilhaft, dass ein Spannen des Werkstücks an einem Teilbereich des Außenumfangs erfolgt. Hierbei kann das Werkstück von außen über entsprechende Spannbacken zentriert an der Spindel gehalten werden.According to a further variant of the method according to the invention, it is advantageous for the workpiece to be clamped on a partial area of the outer circumference. In this case, the workpiece can be kept centered on the spindle from the outside via corresponding clamping jaws.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es bevorzugt, dass das Werkstück vor dem Drückwalzen mit einer Spann- und/oder Zentrierhilfe versehen wird. Bei dem eingesetzten Spannfutter ist in bevorzugter Weise eine Zentrierung zum Zentrieren des Werkstücks beim Spannvorgang vorgesehen. Dazu kann an dem Werkstück eine entsprechende Zentrierhilfe mitangebracht sein, welche insbesondere bei Gussrädern mitangegossen ist. Diese kann etwa derart, beispielsweise mittels Vorsprüngen oder Anschlagkanten, ausgeführt sein, dass diese die Drehmomentübertragung vom Spannfutter auf das Werkstück unterstützen.According to a development of the invention, it is preferred that the workpiece is provided with a tensioning and / or centering aid prior to spin forming. In the chuck used centering for centering the workpiece during the clamping operation is provided in a preferred manner. For this purpose, a corresponding centering aid may be included in the workpiece, which is in particular cast in cast wheels. This can be carried out in such a way, for example by means of projections or stop edges, that they support the transmission of torque from the chuck to the workpiece.
Nach einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist es nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Spann- und/oder Zentrierhilfe nach dem Drückwalzen von dem Werkstück entfernt wird. Dies kann insbesondere durch eine einfache spanabhebende Bearbeitung erfolgen. Dies kann auch mit einer separaten Maschine, etwa einer Drehmaschine, oder der Drückwalzvorrichtung selbst mit einem spanabhebenden Zusatzwerkzeug erfolgen.According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided according to the invention that the clamping and / or centering aid is removed after the spin forming of the workpiece. This can be done in particular by a simple machining. This can also be done with a separate machine, such as a lathe, or the flow-forming device itself with a cutting tool.
Für ein besonders schonendes Einspannen ist es nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass eine Innenspanneinrichtung vorgesehen wird, durch welche ein Nabenbereich des Werkstücks abgedeckt wird. Denn vorzugsweise beginnt die Umformung des Rades in unmittelbarer Nähe zu einem radial verlaufenden Nabenbereich des Werkstücks. Diese können bei bestimmten Fahrzeugfelgen ein Stern oder Felgenspeichen sein. Die Spanneinrichtung weist dabei eine relativ großflächige tellerartige Spannfläche auf, durch welche der besonders gestaltete und vorgeformte Nabenbereich abgedeckt und geschützt wird.For a particularly gentle clamping, it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the invention that an inner clamping device is provided, through which a hub portion of the workpiece is covered. For preferably, the deformation of the wheel begins in the immediate vicinity of a radially extending hub region of the workpiece. These may be a star or rim spokes on certain vehicle rims. The clamping device has a relatively large-area plate-like clamping surface through which the specially designed and preformed hub area is covered and protected.
Grundsätzlich kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Bilden eines beliebigen Werkstücks mit einem axial verlaufenden, rohrförmigen Mantelbereich verwendet werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist es nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung, dass der Mantelbereich als ein Felgenbett eines Fahrzeugrades mit mindestens einem Hump ausgebildet wird, welcher als eine Verdickung in dem Wanddickenverlauf gebildet wird. Weiter bevorzugt ist das Umformen einer gegossenen Vormfom zu einem Felgenrohling, der anschließend zum fertigen Rad weiterbearbeitet wird, insbesondere durch spanabhenbende Bearbeitung.In principle, the method according to the invention can be used for forming an arbitrary workpiece with an axially extending, tubular jacket region. According to a development of the invention, it is particularly preferred for the jacket region to be designed as a rim base of a vehicle wheel with at least one hump, which is formed as a thickening in the wall thickness profile. Further preferred is the forming of a cast Vormfom to a rim blank, which is then further processed to the finished wheel, in particular by spanabhenbende processing.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann so ein weitgehend gewichtsoptimiertes Fahrzeugrad hergestellt werden, bei welchem der Wanddickenverlauf des Felgenbettes an die tatsächliche Belastung des Fahrzeugrades im Betrieb angepasst ist. Dabei werden Bereiche mit geringer Belastung mit einer geringen Wanddicke ausgebildet, während stark belastete Bereiche mit einer entsprechend großen Wandverdickung ausgeformt werden. Zusätzlich kann ein Hump, also ein Wulst zur Fixierung des Reifens an dem Felgenbett, ebenfalls in einfacher Weise durch eine Wandverdickung entlang des Felgenbettes ausgebildet werden. Der Hump stellt dabei eine radial nach außen vorragende ringförmige Erhöhung an dem Felgenbett dar.With the method according to the invention, a largely weight-optimized vehicle wheel can thus be produced in which the wall thickness profile of the rim base is adapted to the actual load of the vehicle wheel during operation. In this case, areas with low load are formed with a small wall thickness, while heavily loaded areas are formed with a correspondingly large wall thickening. In addition, a hump, so a bead for fixing the tire to the rim base, also be formed in a simple manner by a wall thickening along the rim base. The hump represents a radially outwardly projecting annular increase in the rim well.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es dabei, dass zum Bilden eines Humps und/oder Hornbereichs die Innenrolle und die Außenrolle gleichzeitig relativ zueinander in radialer und axialer Richtung verfahren werden. In entsprechender Weise können auch die seitlichen Felgenhörner ausgeformt werden. Zum Formen der Felgenhörner können auch weitere und andere Innenrollen mit einer geänderten und angepassten Außenkontur zum Einsatz kommen. Entsprechendes gilt für die Verwendung konturierter Außenrollen zum Bilden der Felgenhörner. Durch die frei programmierbaren Innen- und Außenrollen wird zudem ein schrittweises Umformen der Felgenkontur möglich, so dass gezielt in bestimmten Bereichen der Felge höhere Kaltverfestigungen und/oder Gefügeveränderungen herbeigeführt werden. Hierdurch sind Stabilitätssteigerungen und/oder Gewichtsreduzierungen an dem Werkstück möglich.It is particularly advantageous that the inner roller and the outer roller are simultaneously moved relative to each other in the radial and axial direction to form a hump and / or horn region. In a similar way, the lateral rim flanges can be formed. For shaping the rim flanges also other and other inner rollers with a modified and adapted outer contour can be used. The same applies to the use of contoured outer rollers for forming the rim flanges. Due to the freely programmable interior and External rollers is also a gradual reshaping of the rim contour possible, so that targeted in certain areas of the rim higher work hardening and / or microstructural changes are brought about. As a result, stability increases and / or weight reductions on the workpiece are possible.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Drückwalzen ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Innenrolle an einem Innensupport drehbar gelagert ist, welche unabhängig zu dem Außensupport axial und radial zu der Rotationsachse verfahrbar gelagert ist, und dass eine CNC-Steuerung zum individuellen Verfahren des mindestens einen Innensupports mit der Innenrolle und des mindestens einen Außensupports mit der Außenrolle vorgesehen ist, wobei zwischen der Innenrolle und der Außenrolle ein Wanddickenverlauf des Werkstücks einstellbar ist.The inventive apparatus for spin forming is characterized in that the at least one inner roller is rotatably mounted on an inner support, which is mounted axially and radially to the axis of rotation independently of the outer support, and that a CNC control for the individual method of at least one Innensupport with the inner roller and the at least one outer support is provided with the outer roller, wherein between the inner roller and the outer roller a wall thickness profile of the workpiece is adjustable.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann insbesondere zur Durchführung des zuvor beschriebenen Verfahrens eingesetzt werden. Es können dabei die zuvor beschriebenen Vorteile erzielt werden.The device according to the invention can be used in particular for carrying out the method described above. It can be achieved the advantages described above.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besteht darin, dass mehrere Innenrollen und Außenrollen vorgesehen sind, wobei jeweils eine Innenrolle einer Außenrolle zugeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise sind dabei mehrere Innenrollen, vorzugsweise drei Innenrollen, an einem gemeinsamen Rollenträger angeordnet. Gegenüber diesem gemeinsamen Rollenträger oder Innensupport können die einzelnen Innenrollen schwenkbar relativ zur Drehachse verstellbar sein. Hierdurch kann eine gezielte Ausformung der verschiedenen Konturbereiche des Werkstückes erzielt werden. Je nach Anwendung können bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführung separat axial und/oder radial zueinander verstellbare Innenrollen oder Innensupporte vorgesehen sein.A preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is that a plurality of inner rollers and outer rollers are provided, wherein in each case an inner roller is assigned to an outer roller. Preferably, a plurality of inner rollers, preferably three inner rollers, arranged on a common roller carrier. Opposite this common roller carrier or inner support, the individual inner rollers can be pivotally adjustable relative to the axis of rotation. In this way, a targeted shaping of the various contour regions of the workpiece can be achieved. Depending on the application, separately axially and / or radially adjustable inner rollers or inner supports may be provided in a further preferred embodiment.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist es bevorzugt, dass an der Spindel eine Spanneinrichtung zum Spannen des Werkstücks angeordnet ist, wobei ein Freiraum in einen Mittenbereich radial innerhalb des Mantelbereichs des Werkstücks verbleibt. In diesem Freiraum ist der mindestens eine Innensupport einfahrbar, so dass eine Innenkontur des Mantelbereichs des Werkstücks durch die mindestens eine Innenrolle ausgeformt werden kann.According to a development of the device according to the invention, it is preferred that a clamping device for clamping the workpiece is arranged on the spindle, with a free space remaining in a central region radially within the jacket region of the workpiece. In this free space of at least one inner support is retractable, so that an inner contour of the jacket portion of the workpiece can be formed by the at least one inner roller.
Für eine hocheffiziente Fertigung ist es nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung bevorzugt, dass eine Steuereinrichtung mit einem Datenspeicher vorgesehen ist, in welchem für verschiedene Werkstückformen Datensätze zum Verfahren der Innenrolle und der Außenrolle hinterlegt sind. Auf diese Weise kann von einem Maschinenbediener der jeweils gewünschte Datensatz für eine bestimmte Werkstückgestaltung aufgerufen werden. Ohne einen aufwändigen Umbau können so effizient verschiedene Werkstücke auf einer Drückwalzvorrichtung hergestellt werden. Die Vorrichtung mit der Steuereinrichtung ist über eine Datenfernverbindung, insbesondere einem Internetanschluss, versehen. Auf diese Weise können neue oder aktualisierte Datensätze zu bestehenden oder neuen Werkstücken in den Datenspeicher der Maschine übertragen werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist so für einen hochflexiblen Einsatz bei Projekten der Industrie 4.0 vorsehbar.For highly efficient production, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that a control device with a data memory is provided, in which data sets for moving the inner roller and the outer roller are stored for different workpiece shapes. In this way, the respective desired data set for a particular workpiece design can be called up by a machine operator. Without a complex conversion, different workpieces can be produced on a flow-forming device in such an efficient way. The device with the control device is provided via a remote data connection, in particular an Internet connection. In this way, new or updated data records for existing or new workpieces can be transferred to the data memory of the machine. The device according to the invention can thus be provided for a highly flexible use in projects of Industry 4.0.
Weiterhin ist eine besonders gute Konturierung nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch erreichbar, dass mindestens eine der Rollen mit einem Hilfsantrieb zum drehenden Antreiben der Rolle versehen ist. Dabei können sowohl die Innenrollen als auch die Außenrollen mit einem jeweiligen Rollenantrieb versehen sein. Hierdurch können die Innen- und/oder die Außenrollen beschleunigt werden, bevor sie mit dem umzuformenden Werkstoff des rotierenden Werkstücks in Berührung kommen. Hierdurch wird einem Aufbacken auf den Rollen und/oder einem erhöhten Verschleiß der Rollen entgegengewirkt. Der Rollenantrieb ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführung mit einer Freilauf- oder Drehzahlregeleinrichtung ausgeführt, die eine automatische Anpassung der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Rolle zum Bauteil ermöglicht.Furthermore, a particularly good contouring according to a development of the invention can be achieved in that at least one of the rollers is provided with an auxiliary drive for rotationally driving the roller. In this case, both the inner rollers and the outer rollers can be provided with a respective roller drive. As a result, the inner and / or outer rollers can be accelerated before they come into contact with the material to be formed of the rotating workpiece. As a result, a baking on the rollers and / or increased wear of the rollers is counteracted. The roller drive is executed in a preferred embodiment with a freewheel or speed control device that allows automatic adjustment of the peripheral speed of the roller to the component.
Zum Ausstoßen aus der Spanneinrichtung kann ein Auswerfer, insbesondere ein axial verstellbarer Auswerfer, zum Einsatz kommen. Das Auswerfen ist vorzugsweise als eine gesteuerte Bewegung ausgeführt. Vorzugsweise ist die Vorrichtung zum Drückwalzen als vertikale Maschine mit hängender oder alternativ stehender Spindel ausgeführt, so dass die Werkstückzentrierung erleichtert wird. Bei der Ausführung mit vertikal hängender Spindel kann der Gegenhalter der Spanneinrichtung auch die Funktion der Be- und Entladung übernehmen.For ejection from the clamping device, an ejector, in particular an axially adjustable ejector, are used. The ejection is preferably carried out as a controlled movement. Preferably, the apparatus for spin forming is designed as a vertical machine with a hanging or alternatively stationary spindle, so that the workpiece centering is facilitated. In the embodiment with vertically suspended spindle of the counter-holder of the clamping device can also take over the function of loading and unloading.
Die Innen- und/oder Außensupporte sind vorzugsweise als unabhängig steuerbare Supporte ausgeführt, die lediglich elektrisch synchronisiert werden. Die Außenrolle wird vorzugsweise in einem Winkel von 0 bis 15° zur Rotationsachse angestellt, während die Innenrollen vorzugsweise von 0 bis 45° angestellt werden und über einen vorzugsweise deutlich größeren Rollenradius an der Umformung mitwirken. Die Zustellung der Außen- und Innenrollen erfolgt vorzugsweise über zwei linear arbeitende Kreuzsupporte. Alternativ kann der Einsatz von mindestens zwei Innenrollen auf den Kreuzsupport verzichtet werden, indem die Rollen über Keilschieber gleichzeitig verschoben oder angestellt werden.The inner and / or outer supports are preferably designed as independently controllable supports, which are only electrically synchronized. The outer roller is preferably set at an angle of 0 to 15 ° to the rotation axis, while the inner rollers are preferably employed from 0 to 45 ° and cooperate over a preferably significantly larger roller radius at the forming. The delivery of the outer and inner rollers is preferably carried out via two linear cross supports. Alternatively, the use of at least two inner rollers can be dispensed with the cross support by the rollers are displaced simultaneously via Keilschieber or hired.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen weiter beschrieben, welche schematisch in den Zeichnungen dargestellt sind. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- eine Teilquerschnittsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung beim Formen eines Fahrzeugrades in einem Anfangsstadium;
- Fig.2:
- eine Teilquerschnittsansicht der Vorrichtung von
Fig. 1 beim Herstellen eines Fahrzeugrades in einem Endstadium; - Fig. 3:
- eine Teilquerschnittsansicht einer weiteren Vorrichtung beim Herstellen eines Fahrzeugrades in einem Anfangsstadium und
- Fig. 4:
- eine Teilquerschnittsansicht der Vorrichtung von
Fig. 3 beim Herstellen eines Fahrzeugrades in einem Endstadium.
- Fig. 1:
- a partial cross-sectional view of a device according to the invention in molding a vehicle wheel in an initial stage;
- Figure 2:
- a partial cross-sectional view of the device of
Fig. 1 when manufacturing a vehicle wheel in a final stage; - 3:
- a partial cross-sectional view of another device in the manufacture of a vehicle wheel in an initial stage and
- 4:
- a partial cross-sectional view of the device of
Fig. 3 when manufacturing a vehicle wheel in a final stage.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 zum Drückwalzen gemäß
Über eine an der Spindel 12 angebrachte plattenförmige Spanneinrichtung 14 mit axial wirkenden Spannklauen 16 kann ein Werkstück 5 lösbar und drehfest sowie zentrisch zur Rotationsachse 13 mit der Spindel 12 verbunden werden. Das Werkstück 5 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eine Vorform eines Fahrzeugrades. Die Vorform ist vorzugsweise durch Gießen oder Schmieden aus einem Metallwerkstoff gefertigt. Das rotationssymmetrische Werkstück 5 weist einen im Wesentlichen radial verlaufenden Nabenbereich 6 mit einer Mittenöffnung 4 und einen sich im Wesentlichen axial erstreckenden trommelförmigen Mantelbereich 7 auf. Mit den Spannklauen 16 wird das Werkstück 5 einseitig an seinem Außenumfang an der Spindel 12 befestigt.About a mounted on the
Nach dem Einspannen wird die Spindel 12 mit dem Werkstück 5 in Rotation versetzt. Vorzugsweise drei Außenrollen 20, von denen nur eine Außenrolle 20 dargestellt ist, werden mittels nicht dargestellten Außensupporten radial an die Außenseite des Mantelbereichs 7 des Werkstücks 5 zugestellt. Gleichzeitig wird ein Innensupport 40 mit drei um 120° versetzt zueinander angeordneten Innenrollen 30 in einen mittigen Freiraum innerhalb des trommelförmigen Mantelbereichs 7 zugestellt. Dabei werden die Innenrollen 30 zunächst angrenzend an den radialen Nabenbereich 6 an eine Innenseite des Mantelbereichs 7 angelegt.After clamping the
Der Innensupport 40 weist einen zentrischen und konischen Mittenträger 42 auf, an dessen Außenseite Linearführungen 44 für Schlitten 46 angeordnet sind. An den linear verfahrbaren Schlitten 46 sind Rollenhalter 48 verschwenkbar gelagert. In den topfartigen Rollenhaltern 48 sind die Innenrollen 30 über Wälzlager drehend gelagert. Die Innenrollen 30 können über die schwenkbaren Rollenhalter 48 während des Drückwalzvorganges verschwenkt werden sowie radial und/oder axial mittels des Schlittens 46 und des Innensupports 40 verfahren werden. In entsprechender Weise können die Außenrollen 20 an einem nicht dargestellten Außensupport verschwenkbar sowie radial und axial verfahrbar gelagert sein.The
Das Verfahren der Außenrolle 20 und der Innenrolle 30 erfolgt über eine nicht dargestellte CNC-Steuerung und Stellantriebe, anhand abgespeicherter Daten zum Formen des gewünschten Werkstücks 5. Wie aus
Die zweite Ausführungsform gemäß den
Im Unterschied zur ersten Ausführungsform ist bei der Vorrichtung 10 gemäß
Zusätzlich ist bei der zweiten Ausführungsform gemäß den
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 10 sowie dem darauf durchführbaren Verfahren können Werkstücke 5 mit einer großen Formenvielfalt eines Wandbereichs 7 ohne Umbaumaßnahmen gebildet werden.With the
Diese Verfahren ermöglicht erstmals das mehrmalige, stufenweise Drückwalzen, bis die finale Endgeometrie bzw. vollständige Gefügeveränderung erzielt wurde.This method makes it possible for the first time, repeated, step-by-step spinning, until the final final geometry or complete structural change was achieved.
Bevorzugt Drückwalzen von Gussrädern bei Temperaturen bis zum 400 °C. Wärmebehandlungen der Räder können sich unmittelbar an den Drückwalzvorgang anschließen.Prefers spinning of cast wheels at temperatures up to 400 ° C. Heat treatments of the wheels can directly follow the flow-forming process.
Darüber hinaus kann das Verfahren auch für die Kaltumformung von Aluminium-schmiederäder, als auch für Stahlräder eingesetzt werden.In addition, the method can also be used for the cold forming of aluminum forged wheels, as well as for steel wheels.
Auch der Einsatz einer speziellen Programmieroberfläche oder der Einsatz einer Off-line-Programmierunterstützungssoftware ist bevorzugt, um die komplexen Programme einfache und schneller erstellen zu können, sowie diese vor Einsatz durch Simulation zu überprüfen und zu optimieren.The use of a special programming interface or the use of off-line programming support software is preferred in order to create the complex programs easier and faster, as well as to verify and optimize them before use by simulation.
Alternativ ist auch eine Kombination aus flexiblen Innenrollen mit einem partiell wirkenden kurzem Dorn möglich.Alternatively, a combination of flexible inner rollers with a partially acting short mandrel is possible.
Claims (14)
wobei ein Werkstück (5) mittels einer Spindel (12) in Rotation um eine Rotationsachse (13) versetzt und mindestens eine Außenrolle (20) mittels eines Außensupports an einer Außenseite des Werkstücks (5) zugestellt wird,
wobei unter Materialverdünnung ein sich axial erstreckender Mantelbereich (7) des Werkstücks (5) geformt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mindestens eine Innenrolle (30) an eine Innenseite des Werkstücks (5) mittels eines Innensupports (40) zugestellt wird, welcher unabhängig von dem Außensupport axial und radial zu der Rotationsachse (13) verfahrbar ist, und
dass mittels einer CNC-Steuerung der Innensupport (40) mit der Innenrolle (30) und der Außensupport mit der Außenrolle (20) individuell verfahren werden, wobei an dem Mantelbereich (7) ein definierter Wanddickenverlauf mit unterschiedlichen Wanddicken zwischen der mindestens einen Außenrolle (20) und der mindestens einen Innenrolle (30) gebildet wird.Method for spin forming, in particular a vehicle wheel,
wherein a workpiece (5) by means of a spindle (12) in rotation about a rotation axis (13) and at least one outer roller (20) is delivered by means of an external support on an outer side of the workpiece (5),
wherein under material thinning an axially extending jacket region (7) of the workpiece (5) is formed,
characterized,
that at least one inner roller (30) is delivered to an inner side of the workpiece (5) by means of an inner support (40), which is movable independently of the outer support axially and radially to the rotation axis (13), and
in that the internal support (40) with the inner roller (30) and the outer support with the outer roller (20) are individually moved by means of a CNC control, wherein a defined wall thickness profile with different wall thicknesses between the at least one outer roller (20) is provided on the jacket region (7) ) and the at least one inner roller (30) is formed.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die mindestens eine Innenrolle (30) und die mindestens eine zugeordnete Außenrolle (20) zum Ausformen des Mantelbereichs (7) radial und axial zueinander verfahren werden.Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the at least one inner roller (30) and the at least one associated outer roller (20) are moved radially and axially relative to each other for forming the casing area (7).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Werkstück (5) an der Spindel (12) eingespannt wird, wobei ein Freiraum in einem Mittenbereich radial innerhalb des Mantelbereichs (7) verbleibt.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
in that the workpiece (5) is clamped on the spindle (12), leaving a free space in a central region radially inside the jacket region (7).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass ein Spannen des Werkstücks (5) an einem Teilbereich des Außenumfangs erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
in that clamping of the workpiece (5) takes place at a partial area of the outer circumference.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Werkstück (5) vor dem Drückwalzen mit einer Spann- und/oder Zentrierhilfe versehen wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the workpiece (5) is provided in front of the pressure rollers with a clamping and / or centering.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Spann- und/oder Zentrierhilfe nach dem Drückwalzen von dem Werkstück (5) entfernt wird.Method according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the clamping and / or centering after spin forming of the workpiece (5) is removed.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Innenspanneinrichtung (14) vorgesehen wird, durch welche ein Nabenbereich (6) des Werkstücks (5) abgedeckt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
in that an inner clamping device (14) is provided, by means of which a hub region (6) of the workpiece (5) is covered.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Mantelbereich (7) als ein Felgenbett eines Fahrzeugrades mit mindestens einem Hump (8) ausgebildet wird, welcher als eine Verdickung in dem Wanddickenverlauf gebildet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
in that the jacket region (7) is formed as a rim base of a vehicle wheel with at least one hump (8), which is formed as a thickening in the wall thickness profile.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zum Bilden eines Humps (8) und/oder Hornbereichs die Innenrolle (30) und die Außenrolle (20) gleichzeitig relativ zueinander in radialer und in axialer Richtung verfahren werden.Method according to claim 8,
characterized,
in that, in order to form a hump (8) and / or horn region, the inner roller (30) and the outer roller (20) are moved simultaneously relative to one another in the radial and in the axial direction.
dass die mindestens eine Innenrolle (30) an einem Innensupport (40) drehbar gelagert ist, welcher unabhängig zu dem Außensupport axial und radial zu der Rotationsachse (13) verfahrbar gelagert ist, und
dass eine CNC-Steuerung zum individuellen Verfahren des mindestens einen Innensupports (40) mit der Innenrolle (30) und des mindestens einen Außensupports mit der Außenrolle (20) vorgesehen ist.Apparatus for spin forming, in particular according to a method according to one of claims 1 to 9, with
that the at least one inner roller (30) is rotatably mounted on an inner support (40) which is mounted so as to be movable independently of the outer support axially and radially to the rotational axis (13), and
that a CNC controller to the individual process of the at least one internal support (40) to the inner roller (30) and the at least one outer support is provided with the outer roller (20).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mehrere Innenrollen (30) und Außenrollen (20) vorgesehen sind, wobei jeweils eine Innenrolle (30) einer Außenrolle (20) zugeordnet ist.Device according to claim 10,
characterized,
that a plurality of inner rollers (30) and outer rollers (20) are provided, wherein in each case an inner roller (30) is associated with an outer roller (20).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass an der Spindel (12) eine Spanneinrichtung (14) zum Spannen des Werkstücks (5) angeordnet ist, wobei ein Freiraum in einem Mittenbereich radial innerhalb des Mantelbereichs (7) des Werkstücks (5) verbleibt.Device according to claim 10 or 11,
characterized,
in that a clamping device (14) for clamping the workpiece (5) is arranged on the spindle (12), wherein a free space in a central region remains radially inside the jacket region (7) of the workpiece (5).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Steuereinrichtung mit einem Datenspeicher vorgesehen ist, in welchem für verschiedene Werkstückformen Datensätze zum Verfahren der Innenrolle (30) und der Außenrolle (20) hinterlegt sind.Device according to one of claims 10 to 12,
characterized,
in that a control device is provided with a data memory in which data records for moving the inner roller (30) and the outer roller (20) are stored for different workpiece shapes.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mindestens eine der Rollen (20, 30) mit einem Hilfsantrieb zum drehenden Antreiben der Rolle (20, 30) versehen ist.Device according to one of claims 10 to 13,
characterized,
in that at least one of the rollers (20, 30) is provided with an auxiliary drive for rotationally driving the roller (20, 30).
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20159889.3A EP3682981B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Method and device for pressure rolling |
ES17151935T ES2789473T3 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Procedure and device for pressure lamination |
EP17151935.8A EP3351313B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Method and device for pressure rolling |
US16/476,013 US11565300B2 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-10-17 | Method and device for spin forming |
JP2019559160A JP2020507478A (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-10-17 | Methods and devices for spin formation |
PCT/EP2017/076444 WO2018133959A1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-10-17 | Method and device for flow forming |
CN201780084022.2A CN110312579B (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-10-17 | Method and apparatus for spin forming |
KR1020197021598A KR102281547B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-10-17 | Spin forming method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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EP17151935.8A EP3351313B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Method and device for pressure rolling |
Related Child Applications (2)
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EP20159889.3A Division EP3682981B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Method and device for pressure rolling |
EP20159889.3A Division-Into EP3682981B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Method and device for pressure rolling |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3351313A1 true EP3351313A1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
EP3351313B1 EP3351313B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
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EP17151935.8A Active EP3351313B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Method and device for pressure rolling |
EP20159889.3A Active EP3682981B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Method and device for pressure rolling |
Family Applications After (1)
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EP20159889.3A Active EP3682981B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | Method and device for pressure rolling |
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US (1) | US11565300B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3351313B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2020507478A (en) |
KR (1) | KR102281547B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110312579B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2789473T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018133959A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3682981A1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
US11565300B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
JP2020507478A (en) | 2020-03-12 |
CN110312579A (en) | 2019-10-08 |
US20190374991A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
CN110312579B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
KR20190108116A (en) | 2019-09-23 |
WO2018133959A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
EP3682981B1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
ES2789473T3 (en) | 2020-10-26 |
KR102281547B1 (en) | 2021-07-23 |
EP3351313B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
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