EP2343138B1 - Method and device for forming workpieces - Google Patents

Method and device for forming workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2343138B1
EP2343138B1 EP20100000210 EP10000210A EP2343138B1 EP 2343138 B1 EP2343138 B1 EP 2343138B1 EP 20100000210 EP20100000210 EP 20100000210 EP 10000210 A EP10000210 A EP 10000210A EP 2343138 B1 EP2343138 B1 EP 2343138B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaping
tool
shaping tool
preform
tools
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EP20100000210
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2343138A1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Köstermeier
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Repkon Machine and Tool Industry and Trade Inc
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Repkon Machine and Tool Industry and Trade Inc
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Application filed by Repkon Machine and Tool Industry and Trade Inc filed Critical Repkon Machine and Tool Industry and Trade Inc
Priority to EP20100000210 priority Critical patent/EP2343138B1/en
Priority to ES10000210.4T priority patent/ES2543005T3/en
Priority to US13/521,298 priority patent/US10124388B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2011/000035 priority patent/WO2011085948A1/en
Priority to CN201180004696XA priority patent/CN102712023A/en
Publication of EP2343138A1 publication Critical patent/EP2343138A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/14—Spinning
    • B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B17/00—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling
    • B21B17/02—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel, i.e. the mandrel rod contacts the rolled tube over the rod length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B17/00—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling
    • B21B17/02—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel, i.e. the mandrel rod contacts the rolled tube over the rod length
    • B21B17/04—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel, i.e. the mandrel rod contacts the rolled tube over the rod length in a continuous process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B17/00—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling
    • B21B17/02—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel, i.e. the mandrel rod contacts the rolled tube over the rod length
    • B21B17/06—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel, i.e. the mandrel rod contacts the rolled tube over the rod length in a discontinuous process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B17/00—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling
    • B21B17/08—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel having one or more protrusions, i.e. only the mandrel plugs contact the rolled tube; Press-piercing mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B23/00—Tube-rolling not restricted to methods provided for in only one of groups B21B17/00, B21B19/00, B21B21/00, e.g. combined processes planetary tube rolling, auxiliary arrangements, e.g. lubricating, special tube blanks, continuous casting combined with tube rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for forming workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for forming workpieces according to claim 8.
  • a workpiece is set in rotation and then formed by rolling or rolling from outside to the workpiece.
  • these workpieces are designed as rotationally symmetrical hollow body.
  • the hollow bodies may have unilaterally closed bottoms.
  • this transformation takes place in such a way that the outer forming rollers press the shell of the hollow body-shaped workpiece against an internal mandrel, so that the material is made to flow within a forming zone between the forming tools axially, radially and tangentially.
  • the wall thickness of the shell is reduced.
  • the reshaped hollow body is guided over its entire length on the inner mandrel, so that at least 50% of the finished workpiece are on the inner mandrel after the forming. Depending on the process, 100% of the length of the workpiece may also be on the inner mandrel.
  • the pressing of the material against the inner mandrel during the forming has the disadvantage that a very high friction arises between the inner surface of the workpiece and the surface of the inner mandrel.
  • the friction in turn leads to adverse heating of the workpiece and inner mandrel.
  • the wear of the surface during the forming process due to the friction stress.
  • the ideal outer diameter of the inner mandrel must be found by experiments, which makes expensive subsequent corrections to the outer diameter of the inner mandrel required.
  • the production of workpieces with different inner diameters at different wall thicknesses within a workpiece with an internal mandrel is excluded.
  • a split internal mandrel which is attached to each of the main spindle and tailstock spindle, is required.
  • such a device with split internal mandrel is expensive.
  • the possible contour of the workpiece is also limited, since even a split mandrel allows only a limited design freedom of the inner contour of the workpiece to be formed.
  • a device for processing a preform designed as a rotationally symmetrical hollow body.
  • the processing is directed to the generation of different in the longitudinal direction of the preform wall thickness ranges.
  • an internal profiling is performed on the inside of the preform.
  • the outer surface of the preform remains unprocessed by the preform is placed in a die surrounding the preform on the outside.
  • the matrix can be lighter Removal be divided into two, so that at least one half of the die is radially positioned relative to the longitudinal direction. In this way, the preform can be supported against the die during its machining with the outer surface.
  • the device has an internal forming tool which comprises a mandrel rod rotatable about its longitudinal direction.
  • the mandrel In order to carry out a profiling on the inside of the preform, the mandrel on a arranged in the region of its end tool which has individual rolling elements. Said rolling elements are radially displaceable with respect to the longitudinal direction to allow a change in diameter of the tool.
  • the GB 2 184 676 A discloses a device which is provided for processing rotationally symmetrical hollow bodies.
  • the aim is to reduce the wall thickness of the hollow body in sections.
  • the device has two outer forming tools and an inner forming tool.
  • the forming tools have flow-forming rollers, which are pressed simultaneously from the inside and the outside of the hollow body against the wall of the hollow body.
  • the hollow body itself is clamped during its processing in a holder end and rotated about the tool axis, while its opposite end is free.
  • the longitudinal axis of the hollow body and tool axis are congruent.
  • the forming tools can be moved from the free end of the hollow body simultaneously beginning parallel to the tool axis.
  • the wall of the hollow body is gradually squeezed by those the wall between them Tapered rolls tapered.
  • the flow-forming rollers are arranged in radially opposite the tool axis slidable brackets.
  • the wall of the hollow body is tapered in two stages by a fixed offset of the respectively corresponding pairs of spinning rolls.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for processing a running as a rotationally symmetrical hollow body preform, wherein the processing extends to the possible change in wall thickness and the outer and inner diameter of the preform and the device and the method control of possible Allow elongation of the preform over its processing.
  • the device has at least one outer forming tool and a main spindle as well as an inner forming tool rotatable about a main machine axis and mounted coaxially to the machine main axis of the device.
  • the axis of the main spindle is the machine main axis.
  • the inner forming tool is fastened to a holder which can be displaced in the axial longitudinal direction and which can itself be rotatably mounted with or independently of the inner forming tool.
  • the at least one outer forming tool has a number of outer forming rollers, which can be radially moved and positioned in accordance with a predetermined workpiece contour and which act on the outer surface of the preform from the outside in the region of the inner forming tool.
  • the preform is received by a pick-up device, which is preferably simultaneously a centering device that also centers the preform.
  • an axially movable main spindle box with a driven driver and a tailstock with the trained as a centering pickup device and a clamping device with a centrally guided to the machine main axis Andrückverinrung provided. These are designed to keep the preform centered between the driver and the centering piece and to axially clamp.
  • the main spindle body with rotating main spindle and the preform and the tailstock form a unit that can be moved together by the axial force of a arranged on the main spindle box feed device with a controlled feed in the axial direction relative to the outer forming tools.
  • the inner forming tool is provided with an outer contour in the form of an axially profiled outer contour, which allows to specify the axial position of the forming zone on the mecanicumformwerkmaschine Weg by the axial positioning of the outer forming tools relative to the mecanicumformwerkmaschinemaschine and thus due to Contouring of the inner forming tool to specify the inner diameter of the workpiece by the relative axial position of the outer forming tools and the mecanicumformwerkmaschines each other. Due to the radial positionability of the outer forming tools, the outer workpiece diameter and thus the wall thickness at each position along the machine main axis x can be predetermined in addition to the inner workpiece diameter.
  • the inner forming tool 9 preferably consists essentially of an inner forming roller or has at least one roller which represents the element of the inner forming tool 9 that acts on the workpiece 4 from the inside.
  • the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 can be cylindrical, conical, convex or concave, depending on how the workpiece 4 to be formed requires it.
  • the forming zone migrates in the axial direction on the surface contour of the mecanicumformwerkmaschinections 9.
  • the relative position can be chosen so that a region of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 always engages the forming zone, in which the effective outer diameter of the inner forming tool 9 is equal to or minimally smaller than the desired inner diameter of the workpiece 4 at the respective position.
  • the inner forming roller or the inner forming tool 9 is guided axially to the position of the outer forming rollers 8 by a holder 5 centrally in the main spindle 1.1 and infinitely movable in relation to the outer forming rollers 8.
  • the inner forming roller or the inner forming tool 9 and the outer forming rollers 8 can be guided in a constant axial position to each other during the forming.
  • the inner forming roller or the inner forming tool 9 moves axially relative to the outer forming rollers 8 until the desired inner diameter at the respective point of the workpiece 4 is reached.
  • the preform 3 is kept centered by a driven carrier 11 of the axially movable main spindle box 1 and clamped axially with the centering piece 7 of the tailstock 2.
  • a suitable tensioning device 14 which is preferably a pressure cylinder, is provided.
  • the outer forming tools 8 may be radially guided in a housing, not shown, and may, preferably by means of CNC axes, which specify the radial position of the outer forming tools 8, follow predetermined travel movements. In this case, the outer contour of the desired workpiece 4 results from the radial positions at the respective axial position of the preform 3.
  • the number of possible outer forming tools 8 results from the geometric outer dimensions of the forming tools 8 in relation to the outer diameter of the workpiece 4.
  • the maximum diameter of the mecanicalmaschineschwmaschines 9 is limited by the inner diameter of the preform 3.
  • outer forming rollers 8 The axial position of the outer forming rollers 8 to the mecanicumformwerkmaschine 9, for example, by manual adjustment of the outer forming tools 8 and with each other be matched.
  • these outer forming rollers 8 can be in the axial position in fixed position to each other, preferably at least as long as the desired contouring of the workpiece 4 requires no adjustment of the axial positions of individual forming tools to each other during the forming.
  • the clamped preform 3 can be centered by the driver 11 of the main spindle 1.1 and / or the internal forming tool 9.
  • the tension can be effected by a pressure device 14, for example a pressure cylinder, of the tailstock 2.
  • the outer Umformtechnikzuge 8 can be moved back to an initial position.
  • the inner forming tool 9 is located axially in the forming position in the area of the outer forming tools 8.
  • the unit formed by the bias can now be moved axially by the feed device 15 of the main spindle box 1, which is preferably designed as a feed cylinder against the pressure of the pressure device 14 in the forming position.
  • the unit may already be offset in rotation about the main machine axis x or only be.
  • the inner forming tool 9 can stand axially in forming position to the outer forming rollers 8.
  • the outer forming tools 8 can then be moved radially in the forming position.
  • Main spindle box 1 with rotating main spindle 1.1, preform 3 and tailstock 2 form such a unit, which together by the axial force of the feed device 15, at which is preferably a feed cylinder, can be moved with a controlled feed in the axial direction relative to the outer forming tools 8.
  • the forming tools 8 As soon as the forming tools 8 are in the forming position, they can cause the material of the wall thickness W0 of the preform 3 to flow in the radial, tangential and axial directions due to the radial contact pressure of the outer forming tools 8 and the resistance of the inner forming tool 9.
  • the radial distance of the region 9.1 of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 acting on the inner contour of the workpiece 4 and the area of the outer forming tools 8 acting on the outer contour of the workpiece 4 to one another give the wall thickness W1 of the workpiece 4 to be formed in the respective axial position the preform 3 before.
  • the desired outer diameter with the predetermined wall thickness W1 can form in this axial position.
  • the inner diameter of the workpiece 4 to be produced is predetermined in each axial position of the workpiece 4 by the contact diameter 9.1 of the area of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 acting on the contour of the workpiece 4 from the machine main axis x in the respective axial one Position results.
  • the pressure of the pressing device 14 which is preferably a pressure cylinder, press back.
  • the pressure device 14 is designed so that the back pressure is regulated and / or controllable.
  • a Andschreibverinrung 10 is provided, which is preferably guided centrally to the main axis.
  • the outer diameter of the workpiece 4 to be produced with the wall thickness W1 is predetermined at the respective axial position of the workpiece 4 by the respective radial position and dimensioning of the outer forming tools 8.
  • the wall thickness W1 of the workpiece 4 to be produced results at the respective axial position of the workpiece 4 through the contact diameter 9.1 of the internal forming tool 9.
  • the contact diameter 9.1 and thus the defined area of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 acting on the inner contour of the workpiece 4 to be formed changes, with the result that the wall thickness W1 of the formed workpiece 4 changes.
  • the contact diameter 9.1 of the inner forming tool 9 results as a constant inner diameter.
  • the inner diameter is smaller when the contact diameter 9.1 becomes smaller, that is, the axial position of the mecanicumformwerkmaschines 9 relative to the axial position of the outer forming tools 8 changes such that the forming zone on the outer contour 9.2 of mecanicumformwerkmaschines in an area with smaller, on the Shapes inner contour of the workpiece 4 attacking, effective tool diameter.
  • a greater wall thickness can be formed without the outer forming rollers 8 changing their radial position.
  • the inner diameter becomes larger as the contact diameter 9.1 becomes larger, i. the axial position of the inner forming tool 9 relative to the axial position of the outer forming tools 8 changes in such a way that the forming zone on the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool moves into an area with an effective tool diameter acting on the inner contour of the workpiece 4.
  • the molded wall thickness W1 can be reduced without the outer forming tools 8 changing their radial position.
  • the outer forming rollers 8 also change their radial position to a larger shaped outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the workpiece 4 resulting from the new axial relative position of the inner forming roller 9 due to the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9, then with a constant wall thickness a larger outer diameter than before Changing the radial position of the outer forming rollers 8 and the axial position of the inner forming roller 9 are formed.
  • the outer forming tools 8 can go back to the starting position. Subsequently, the unit of main spindle box 1, tailstock and finished part 4 can go back to the unloading position. The finished workpiece 4 can now be relaxed and removed.
  • the inner forming tool 9 it is furthermore possible for the inner forming tool 9 to have a shape on the inner contour of the workpiece 4, which makes it possible to contour the inner contour not only axially but also in the circumferential direction.
  • Such circumferential inner contouring 4.1 can be, for example, axially extending inner ribs.
  • One possibility of realizing such an inner forming tool is a forming tool, preferably a roller, with a surface contoured on the inner contour of the workpiece 4 in the circumferential direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Werkstücken nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Umformen von Werkstücken nach Anspruch 8.The invention relates to a device for forming workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for forming workpieces according to claim 8.

Es sind Verfahren bekannt, bei denen ein Werkstück in Rotation versetzt und dann durch von außen an das Werkstück herangeführte Walzen oder Rollen umgeformt wird. Oft sind diese Werkstücke als rotationssymmetrische Hohlkörper ausgeführt. Die Hohlkörper können einseitig geschlossene Böden aufweisen.Methods are known in which a workpiece is set in rotation and then formed by rolling or rolling from outside to the workpiece. Often these workpieces are designed as rotationally symmetrical hollow body. The hollow bodies may have unilaterally closed bottoms.

In den meisten Fällen geschieht diese Umformung in der Weise, dass die äußeren Umformrollen den Mantel des hohlkörperförmigen Werkstückes gegen einen Innendorn pressen, so dass der Werkstoff innerhalb einer Umformzone zwischen den Umformwerkzeugen axial, radial und tangential zum Fließen gebracht wird. Dabei wird die Wandstärke des Mantels reduziert.In most cases, this transformation takes place in such a way that the outer forming rollers press the shell of the hollow body-shaped workpiece against an internal mandrel, so that the material is made to flow within a forming zone between the forming tools axially, radially and tangentially. The wall thickness of the shell is reduced.

Der umzuformende Hohlkörper wird dabei auf seiner ganzen Länge auf dem Innendorn geführt, so dass sich nach der Umformung mindestens 50% des fertigen Werkstückes auf dem Innendorn befinden. Abhängig von der Prozessführung können sich auch 100% der Länge des Werkstückes sich auf dem Innendorn befinden.The reshaped hollow body is guided over its entire length on the inner mandrel, so that at least 50% of the finished workpiece are on the inner mandrel after the forming. Depending on the process, 100% of the length of the workpiece may also be on the inner mandrel.

Das Anpressen des Werkstoffes gegen den Innendorn während der Umformung hat den Nachteil, dass eine sehr hohe Reibung zwischen der inneren Oberfläche des Werkstückes und der Oberfläche des Innendornes entsteht. Die Reibung führt wiederum zur nachteiligen Erwärmung von Werkstück und Innendorn. Dazu kommt der Verschleiß der Oberfläche während des Umformprozesses aufgrund der Reibbeanspruchung.The pressing of the material against the inner mandrel during the forming has the disadvantage that a very high friction arises between the inner surface of the workpiece and the surface of the inner mandrel. The friction in turn leads to adverse heating of the workpiece and inner mandrel. In addition, the wear of the surface during the forming process due to the friction stress.

Des Weiteren muss der ideale Außendurchmesser des Innendornes durch Versuche gefunden werden, was aufwendige nachträgliche Korrekturen am Außendurchmesser des Innendornes erforderlich macht. Die Herstellung von Werkstücken mit verschiedenen Innendurchmessern bei unterschiedlichen Wanddicken innerhalb eines Werkstückes mit einem Innendorn ist ausgeschlossen. Für die Fertigung derartiger Werkstücke ist ein geteilter Innendorn, der jeweils an Hauptspindel und Reitstockspindel befestigt wird, erforderlich. Eine solche Vorrichtung mit geteiltem Innendorn ist jedoch aufwendig. Zudem ist die mögliche Kontur des Werkstücks ebenfalls limitiert, da selbst ein geteilter Dorn nur einen beschränkten Gestaltungsspielraum der Innenkontur des zu formenden Werkstückes ermöglicht.Furthermore, the ideal outer diameter of the inner mandrel must be found by experiments, which makes expensive subsequent corrections to the outer diameter of the inner mandrel required. The production of workpieces with different inner diameters at different wall thicknesses within a workpiece with an internal mandrel is excluded. For the production of such workpieces a split internal mandrel, which is attached to each of the main spindle and tailstock spindle, is required. However, such a device with split internal mandrel is expensive. In addition, the possible contour of the workpiece is also limited, since even a split mandrel allows only a limited design freedom of the inner contour of the workpiece to be formed.

Aus der DE 10 2007 002 228 A ist eine Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten einer als rotationssymmetrischer Hohlkörper ausgeführten Vorform bekannt. Die Bearbeitung ist dabei auf die Erzeugung von in Längsrichtung der Vorform unterschiedlichen Wanddickenbereichen gerichtet. Hierzu wird an der Innenseite der Vorform eine Innenprofilierung durchgeführt. Dabei bleibt die Außenfläche der Vorform unbearbeitet, indem die Vorform in einer die Vorform außenseitig umgebenden Matrize angeordnet wird. Die Matrize kann zur leichteren Entnahme zweigeteilt sein, so dass wenigstens eine Hälfte der Matrize radial gegenüber der Längsrichtung positionierbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann sich die Vorform während seiner Bearbeitung mit der Außenfläche gegen die Matrize abstützen. Weiterhin besitzt die Vorrichtung ein Innenumformwerkzeug, welches eine um ihre Längsrichtung rotierbare Dornstange umfasst. Um nun eine Profilierung auf der Innenseite der Vorform durchzuführen, weist die Dornstange ein im Bereich ihres Endes angeordnetes Werkzeug auf, welches einzelne Wälzkörper besitzt. Besagte Wälzkörper sind in Bezug auf die Längsrichtung radial verschieblich, um eine Durchmesserveränderung des Werkzeugs zu ermöglichen.From the DE 10 2007 002 228 A a device is known for processing a preform designed as a rotationally symmetrical hollow body. The processing is directed to the generation of different in the longitudinal direction of the preform wall thickness ranges. For this purpose, an internal profiling is performed on the inside of the preform. The outer surface of the preform remains unprocessed by the preform is placed in a die surrounding the preform on the outside. The matrix can be lighter Removal be divided into two, so that at least one half of the die is radially positioned relative to the longitudinal direction. In this way, the preform can be supported against the die during its machining with the outer surface. Furthermore, the device has an internal forming tool which comprises a mandrel rod rotatable about its longitudinal direction. In order to carry out a profiling on the inside of the preform, the mandrel on a arranged in the region of its end tool which has individual rolling elements. Said rolling elements are radially displaceable with respect to the longitudinal direction to allow a change in diameter of the tool.

Auch die GB 2 184 676 A offenbart eine Vorrichtung, welche zum Bearbeiten von rotationssymmetrischen Hohlkörpern vorgesehen ist. Ziel ist die abschnittsweise Reduzierung der Wanddicke des Hohlkörpers. Hierzu weist die Vorrichtung zwei äußere Umformwerkzeuge und ein Innenumformwerkzeug auf. Die Umformwerkzeuge besitzen Drückwalzrollen, welche gleichzeitig von der Innenseite und der Außenseite des Hohlkörpers aus gegen die Wandung des Hohlkörpers gedrückt werden. Der Hohlkörper selbst wird während seiner Bearbeitung in einer Halterung endseitig eingespannt und um die Werkzeugachse rotiert, während sein gegenüberliegendes Ende frei ist. Hierbei sind Längsachse des Hohlkörpers und Werkzeugachse deckungsgleich. Während der Rotation des Hohlkörpers können die Umformwerkzeuge vom freien Ende des Hohlkörpers beginnend gleichzeitig parallel zur Werkzeugachse verfahren werden. Dabei wird die Wandung des Hohlkörpers sukzessive durch jene die Wandung zwischen sich zusammendrückenden Drückwalzrollen verjüngt. Hierzu sind die Drückwalzrollen in radial gegenüber der Werkzeugachse verschieblichen Halterungen angeordnet. Durch einen festgelegten Versatz der jeweils miteinander korrespondierenden Paare an Drückwalzrollen wird die Wandung des Hohlkörpers in zwei Stufen verjüngt.Also the GB 2 184 676 A discloses a device which is provided for processing rotationally symmetrical hollow bodies. The aim is to reduce the wall thickness of the hollow body in sections. For this purpose, the device has two outer forming tools and an inner forming tool. The forming tools have flow-forming rollers, which are pressed simultaneously from the inside and the outside of the hollow body against the wall of the hollow body. The hollow body itself is clamped during its processing in a holder end and rotated about the tool axis, while its opposite end is free. In this case, the longitudinal axis of the hollow body and tool axis are congruent. During the rotation of the hollow body, the forming tools can be moved from the free end of the hollow body simultaneously beginning parallel to the tool axis. In this case, the wall of the hollow body is gradually squeezed by those the wall between them Tapered rolls tapered. For this purpose, the flow-forming rollers are arranged in radially opposite the tool axis slidable brackets. The wall of the hollow body is tapered in two stages by a fixed offset of the respectively corresponding pairs of spinning rolls.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zur Bearbeitung einer als rotationssymmetrischer Hohlkörper ausgeführten Vorform aufzuzeigen, wobei die Bearbeitung sich auf die mögliche Veränderung der Wandstärke sowie des Außen- und Innendurchmessers der Vorform erstreckt und die Vorrichtung sowie das Verfahren eine Kontrolle der möglichen Längung der Vorform über deren Bearbeitung hinweg ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for processing a running as a rotationally symmetrical hollow body preform, wherein the processing extends to the possible change in wall thickness and the outer and inner diameter of the preform and the device and the method control of possible Allow elongation of the preform over its processing.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8. Die Merkmale der abhängigen Unteransprüche betreffen jeweils vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen.This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1 and by a method having the features of claim 8. The features of the dependent subclaims relate to advantageous embodiments.

Erfindungsgemäß weist die Vorrichtung mindestens ein äußeres Umformwerkzeug und eine Hauptspindel sowie ein um eine Maschinenhauptachse drehbares und koaxial zu der Maschinenhauptachse der Vorrichtung gelagertes Innenumformwerkzeug auf. Dabei ist die Achse der Hauptspindel die Maschinenhauptachse.According to the invention, the device has at least one outer forming tool and a main spindle as well as an inner forming tool rotatable about a main machine axis and mounted coaxially to the machine main axis of the device. The axis of the main spindle is the machine main axis.

Das Innenumformwerkzeug ist an einem in axialer Längsrichtung verschiebbaren Halter, der selber mit oder unabhängig von dem Innenumformwerkzeug drehbar gelagert sein kann, befestigt.The inner forming tool is fastened to a holder which can be displaced in the axial longitudinal direction and which can itself be rotatably mounted with or independently of the inner forming tool.

Das mindestens eine äußere Umformwerkzeug weist eine Anzahl von äußeren Umformrollen auf, die entsprechend einer vorgegebenen Werkstückkontur radial verfahr- und positionierbar sind und im Bereich des Innenumformwerkzeugs von außen an die Mantelfläche der Vorform angreifen. Die Vorform wird von einer Aufnehmervorrichtung aufgenommen, bei der es sich vorzugsweise gleichzeitig um eine Zentriervorrichtung handelt, welche die Vorform auch zentriert.The at least one outer forming tool has a number of outer forming rollers, which can be radially moved and positioned in accordance with a predetermined workpiece contour and which act on the outer surface of the preform from the outside in the region of the inner forming tool. The preform is received by a pick-up device, which is preferably simultaneously a centering device that also centers the preform.

Hierzu sind erfindungsgemäß ein axial verfahrbarer Hauptspindelkasten mit einem angetriebenen Mitnehmer sowie ein Reitstock mit der als Zentrierstück ausgebildeten Aufnehmervorrichtung und einer Spannvorrichtung mit einer zentrisch zur Maschinenhauptachse geführten Andrückverlängerung vorgesehen. Diese sind dazu ausgebildet, um die Vorform zwischen dem Mitnehmer und dem Zentrierstück zentriert zu halten und axial zu verspannen.For this purpose, according to the invention an axially movable main spindle box with a driven driver and a tailstock with the trained as a centering pickup device and a clamping device with a centrally guided to the machine main axis Andrückverlängerung provided. These are designed to keep the preform centered between the driver and the centering piece and to axially clamp.

Aufgrund der Vorspannung bilden der Hauptspindelkasten mit drehender Hauptspindel sowie die Vorform und der Reitstock eine Einheit, die gemeinsam durch die axiale Kraft einer an dem Hauptspindelkasten angeordneten Vorschubvorrichtung mit einem geregelten Vorschub in axialer Richtung relativ zu den äußeren Umformwerkzeugen verfahren werden kann.Due to the bias, the main spindle body with rotating main spindle and the preform and the tailstock form a unit that can be moved together by the axial force of a arranged on the main spindle box feed device with a controlled feed in the axial direction relative to the outer forming tools.

Das Besondere an dieser Vorrichtung ist, dass das Innenumformwerkzeug mit einer äußeren Kontur in Form einer axial profilierten Außenkontur versehen ist, die es erlaubt, durch die axiale Positionierung der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge relativ zum Innenumformwerkzeug die axiale Position der Umformzone auf dem Innenumformwerkzeug vorzugeben und somit aufgrund der Konturierung des Innenumformwerkzeugs den Innendurchmesser des Werkstücks durch die relative axiale Position der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge und des Innenumformwerkzeugs zueinander vorzugeben. Durch die radiale Positionierbarkeit der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge lassen sich so zusätzlich zum inneren Werkstückdurchmesser der äußere Werkstückdurchmesser und damit die Wandstärke an jeder Position entlang der Maschinenhauptachse x vorgeben.The special feature of this device is that the inner forming tool is provided with an outer contour in the form of an axially profiled outer contour, which allows to specify the axial position of the forming zone on the Innenumformwerkzeug by the axial positioning of the outer forming tools relative to the Innenumformwerkzeug and thus due to Contouring of the inner forming tool to specify the inner diameter of the workpiece by the relative axial position of the outer forming tools and the Innenumformwerkzeugs each other. Due to the radial positionability of the outer forming tools, the outer workpiece diameter and thus the wall thickness at each position along the machine main axis x can be predetermined in addition to the inner workpiece diameter.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Figuren schematisch erläutert:

Figur 1
- zeigt schematisch drei beispielhafte Ausführungsformen des Innenumformwerkzeugs,
Figur 2
- zeigt schematisch beispielhafte mögliche Formen von Vorform und Werkstück,
Figuren 3 und 4
- zeigen verschiedene Phasen des Umformverlaufs anhand einer beispielhaften Werkstückgeometrie und Werkzeugausführung,
Figur 5
- zeigt eine beispielhafte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten des Prozesses.
The invention is explained schematically below with reference to the figures:
FIG. 1
schematically shows three exemplary embodiments of the internal forming tool,
FIG. 2
schematically shows exemplary possible shapes of preform and workpiece,
FIGS. 3 and 4
show various phases of the forming process on the basis of an exemplary workpiece geometry and tool design,
FIG. 5
shows an exemplary device according to the invention at different times of the process.

Vorzugsweise besteht das Innenumformwerkzeug 9 im Wesentlichen aus einer Innenumformrolle oder weist zumindest eine Rolle auf, die das von innen an das Werkstück 4 angreifende Element des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 darstellt. Die Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 kann zylindrisch, konisch, konvex oder konkav sein, je nachdem wie das zu formende Werkstück 4 es erfordert. Der Innendurchmesser des Werkstücks 4 ergibt sich dabei aus der Konturierung des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9. Abhängig von der relativen axialen Position des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 zu den äußeren Umformwerkzeugen 8 wandert die Umformzone in axialer Richtung auf der Oberflächenkontur des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9. Die Relativposition kann dadurch so gewählt werden, dass an die Umformzone immer ein Bereich der Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumforwerkzeugs 9 angreift, in welchem der effektive Außendurchmesser des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 gleich oder minimal kleiner dem gewünschten Innendurchmesser des Werkstücks 4 an der jeweiligen Position ist.The inner forming tool 9 preferably consists essentially of an inner forming roller or has at least one roller which represents the element of the inner forming tool 9 that acts on the workpiece 4 from the inside. The outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 can be cylindrical, conical, convex or concave, depending on how the workpiece 4 to be formed requires it. Depending on the relative axial position of the inner forming tool 9 to the outer forming tools 8, the forming zone migrates in the axial direction on the surface contour of the Innenumformwerkzeugs 9. The relative position can be chosen so that a region of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 always engages the forming zone, in which the effective outer diameter of the inner forming tool 9 is equal to or minimally smaller than the desired inner diameter of the workpiece 4 at the respective position.

Die Innenumformrolle bzw. das Innenumformwerkzeug 9 ist axial zur Position der äußeren Umformrollen 8 durch einen Halter 5 zentrisch in der Hauptspindel 1.1 geführt und stufenlos in Relation zu den äußeren Umformrollen 8 verfahrbar.The inner forming roller or the inner forming tool 9 is guided axially to the position of the outer forming rollers 8 by a holder 5 centrally in the main spindle 1.1 and infinitely movable in relation to the outer forming rollers 8.

Wenn ein zylindrischer Hohlkörper mit gleichbleibendem Innendurchmesser geformt werden soll, können während der Umformung die innere Umformrolle bzw. das Innenumformwerkzeug 9 und die äußeren Umformrollen 8 in einer gleichbleibenden axialen Position zueinander geführt werden.If a cylindrical hollow body is to be formed with a constant inner diameter, the inner forming roller or the inner forming tool 9 and the outer forming rollers 8 can be guided in a constant axial position to each other during the forming.

Soll dagegen ein Hohlkörper mit unterschiedlichen Innendurchmessern geformt werden, so verfährt die Innenumformrolle bzw. das Innenumformwerkzeug 9 axial relativ zu den äußeren Umformrollen 8, bis der an der jeweiligen Stelle des Werkstücks 4 gewünschte Innendurchmesser erreicht ist.If, on the other hand, a hollow body having different inner diameters is to be formed, then the inner forming roller or the inner forming tool 9 moves axially relative to the outer forming rollers 8 until the desired inner diameter at the respective point of the workpiece 4 is reached.

Dabei wird die Vorform 3 von einem angetriebenen Mitnehmer 11 des axial verfahrbaren Hauptspindelkastens 1 zentriert gehalten und axial mit dem Zentrierstück 7 des Reitstockes 2 verspannt. Hierfür ist eine geeignete Spannvorrichtung 14, bei der es sich vorzugsweise um einen Druckzylinder handelt, vorgesehen.In this case, the preform 3 is kept centered by a driven carrier 11 of the axially movable main spindle box 1 and clamped axially with the centering piece 7 of the tailstock 2. For this purpose, a suitable tensioning device 14, which is preferably a pressure cylinder, is provided.

Die äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 können radial geführt in einem nicht dargestellten Gehäuse befestigt sein und können, vorzugsweise mittels CNC-Achsen, die die radiale Position der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 vorgeben, vorgegebenen Verfahrbewegungen folgen. Dabei ergibt sich aus den radialen Positionen an der jeweiligen der axialen Positionen der Vorform 3 die äußere Kontur des gewünschten Werkstückes 4.The outer forming tools 8 may be radially guided in a housing, not shown, and may, preferably by means of CNC axes, which specify the radial position of the outer forming tools 8, follow predetermined travel movements. In this case, the outer contour of the desired workpiece 4 results from the radial positions at the respective axial position of the preform 3.

Die Anzahl der möglichen äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 ergibt sich aus den geometrischen Außenabmessungen der Umformwerkzeuge 8 im Verhältnis zum äußeren Durchmesser des Werkstückes 4. Der maximale Durchmesser des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 wird durch den Innendurchmesser der Vorform 3 begrenzt.The number of possible outer forming tools 8 results from the geometric outer dimensions of the forming tools 8 in relation to the outer diameter of the workpiece 4. The maximum diameter of the Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 is limited by the inner diameter of the preform 3.

Die axiale Position der äußeren Umformrollen 8 zu dem Innenumformwerkzeug 9 kann beispielsweise durch manuelle Justierung der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 zu- und untereinander abgestimmt werden. Während der Umformung können diese äußeren Umformrollen 8 in axialer Richtung in Fixposition zueinander stehen, vorzugweise zumindest solange die gewünschte Konturierung des Werkstücks 4 keine Verstellung der axialen Positionen einzelner Umformwerkzeuge zueinander während der Umformung erfordert.The axial position of the outer forming rollers 8 to the Innenumformwerkzeug 9, for example, by manual adjustment of the outer forming tools 8 and with each other be matched. During the forming, these outer forming rollers 8 can be in the axial position in fixed position to each other, preferably at least as long as the desired contouring of the workpiece 4 requires no adjustment of the axial positions of individual forming tools to each other during the forming.

Die eingespannte Vorform 3 kann vom Mitnehmer 11 der Hauptspindel 1.1 und/oder dem Innenumformwerkzeug 9 zentriert werden. Die Spannung kann durch eine Andruckvorrichtung 14, beispielsweise einen Druckzylinder, des Reitstocks 2 erfolgen. Vorzugsweise können die äußeren Umformwerkzuge 8 in eine Ausgangsposition zurückgefahren werden. Das Innenumformwerkzeug 9 befindet sich in Umformposition axial im Bereich der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8.The clamped preform 3 can be centered by the driver 11 of the main spindle 1.1 and / or the internal forming tool 9. The tension can be effected by a pressure device 14, for example a pressure cylinder, of the tailstock 2. Preferably, the outer Umformwerkzuge 8 can be moved back to an initial position. The inner forming tool 9 is located axially in the forming position in the area of the outer forming tools 8.

Die durch die Vorspannung gebildete Einheit kann nun durch die Vorschubvorrichtung 15 des Hauptspindelkastens 1, die vorzugsweise als Vorschubzylinder ausgeführt ist, gegen den Druck der Andruckvorrichtung 14 axial in Umformposition verfahren werden. Dabei kann die Einheit bereits in Drehung um die Maschinenhauptachse x versetzt sein oder erst werden. Das Innenumformwerkzeug 9 kann dabei axial in Umformposition zu den äußeren Umformrollen 8 stehen. Die äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 können anschließend radial in Umformposition verfahren werden.The unit formed by the bias can now be moved axially by the feed device 15 of the main spindle box 1, which is preferably designed as a feed cylinder against the pressure of the pressure device 14 in the forming position. In this case, the unit may already be offset in rotation about the main machine axis x or only be. The inner forming tool 9 can stand axially in forming position to the outer forming rollers 8. The outer forming tools 8 can then be moved radially in the forming position.

Hauptspindelkasten 1 mit drehender Hauptspindel 1.1, Vorform 3 und Reitstock 2 bilden so eine Einheit, die gemeinsam durch die axiale Kraft der Vorschubvorrichtung 15, bei der es sich vorzugsweise um einen Vorschubzylinder handelt, mit einem geregelten Vorschub in axialer Richtung relativ zu den äußeren Umformwerkzeugen 8 verfahren werden kann.Main spindle box 1 with rotating main spindle 1.1, preform 3 and tailstock 2 form such a unit, which together by the axial force of the feed device 15, at which is preferably a feed cylinder, can be moved with a controlled feed in the axial direction relative to the outer forming tools 8.

Sobald die Umformwerkzeuge 8 in Umformposition sind, können diese das Material der Wanddicke W0 der Vorform 3 durch den radialen Anpressdruck der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 und den Widerstand des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 in radialer, tangentialer und axialer Richtung zum Fließen bringen.As soon as the forming tools 8 are in the forming position, they can cause the material of the wall thickness W0 of the preform 3 to flow in the radial, tangential and axial directions due to the radial contact pressure of the outer forming tools 8 and the resistance of the inner forming tool 9.

Der radiale Abstand des an die Innenkontur des Werkstücks 4 angreifenden Bereiches 9.1 der Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 und des an die Außenkontur des Werkstücks 4 angreifenden Bereiches der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 zueinander geben die zu formende Wanddicke W1 des zu fertigenden Werkstückes 4 in der jeweiligen axialen Position der Vorform 3 vor. Dabei kann sich der gewünschte Außendurchmesser mit der vorgegebenen Wanddicke W1 in dieser axialen Position bilden. Dabei ist der innere Durchmesser des zu fertigenden Werkstückes 4 in jeder axialen Position des Werkstücks 4 vorgegeben durch den Kontaktdurchmesser 9.1 der sich aus dem Abstand des an die Kontur des Werkstücks 4 angreifenden Bereichs der Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 von der Maschinenhauptachse x in der jeweiligen axialen Position ergibt.The radial distance of the region 9.1 of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 acting on the inner contour of the workpiece 4 and the area of the outer forming tools 8 acting on the outer contour of the workpiece 4 to one another give the wall thickness W1 of the workpiece 4 to be formed in the respective axial position the preform 3 before. In this case, the desired outer diameter with the predetermined wall thickness W1 can form in this axial position. In this case, the inner diameter of the workpiece 4 to be produced is predetermined in each axial position of the workpiece 4 by the contact diameter 9.1 of the area of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 acting on the contour of the workpiece 4 from the machine main axis x in the respective axial one Position results.

Eine dabei zunehmende Länge der Vorform 3 kann den Reitstock 2 in Fließrichtung des umgeformten Materials gegen den Druck der Andruckvorrichtung 14, bei der es sich vorzugsweise um einen Druckzylinder handelt, zurückdrücken. Die Andruckvorrichtung 14 ist so gestaltet, dass der Gegendruck regel- und/oder steuerbar ist. Dabei ist eine Andrückverlängerung 10 vorgesehen, die vorzugsweise zentrisch zur Hauptachse geführt ist.An thereby increasing length of the preform 3, the tailstock 2 in the flow direction of the formed material against the pressure of the pressing device 14, which is preferably a pressure cylinder, press back. The pressure device 14 is designed so that the back pressure is regulated and / or controllable. In this case, a Andrückverlängerung 10 is provided, which is preferably guided centrally to the main axis.

Der äußere Durchmesser des zu fertigenden Werkstückes 4 mit der Wanddicke W1 wird an der jeweiligen axialen Position des Werkstücks 4 durch die jeweilige radiale Position und Dimensionierung der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 vorgegeben. Die Wanddicke W1 des zu fertigenden Werkstückes 4 ergibt sich an der jeweiligen axialen Position des Werkstücks 4 durch den Kontaktdurchmesser 9.1 des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9.The outer diameter of the workpiece 4 to be produced with the wall thickness W1 is predetermined at the respective axial position of the workpiece 4 by the respective radial position and dimensioning of the outer forming tools 8. The wall thickness W1 of the workpiece 4 to be produced results at the respective axial position of the workpiece 4 through the contact diameter 9.1 of the internal forming tool 9.

Dieser wird dadurch bestimmt, dass durch die axiale Position des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 zu den äußeren Umformwerkzeugen 8 ein eindeutig definierter Bereich der Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 an der Innenkontur des umzuformenden Werkstücks 4 angreift. Somit kann den inneren Durchmesser des umzuformenden Werkstückes 4 in der jeweiligen axialen Position festgelegt werden.This is determined by the fact that, due to the axial position of the inner forming tool 9 relative to the outer forming tools 8, a clearly defined area of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 acts on the inner contour of the workpiece 4 to be reshaped. Thus, the inner diameter of the workpiece 4 to be formed can be set in the respective axial position.

Wird nun während der Umformung die axiale Position der Innenumformrolle 9 relativ zu den äußeren Umformrollen 8 geändert, ändert sich der Kontaktdurchmesser 9.1 und damit der definierte, an der Innenkontur des umzuformenden Werkstücks 4 angreifende Bereich der Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 mit der Folge, dass sich die Wanddicke W1 des geformten Werkstücks 4 ändert. Dabei wird im gezeigten Beispiel bei einem axialen Vorschub des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 mit der Außenkontur 9.2 in Richtung Reitstock 2 ein kleinerer Innendurchmesser, bei einem Vorschub des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 in Richtung Hauptspindelkasten 1 ein größerer Innendurchmesser erzeugt. Bleibt die axiale Position des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 in Relation zu den äußeren Umformrollen 8 fix, ergibt sich als konstanter Innendurchmesser der Kontaktdurchmesser 9.1 des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9.If the axial position of the inner forming roller 9 is changed relative to the outer forming rollers 8 during forming, the contact diameter 9.1 and thus the defined area of the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9 acting on the inner contour of the workpiece 4 to be formed changes, with the result that the wall thickness W1 of the formed workpiece 4 changes. In this case, in the example shown at an axial feed of Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 with the outer contour 9.2 in the direction tailstock 2 a smaller inner diameter, at a feed of Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 in the direction of the main spindle box 1 generates a larger inner diameter. If the axial position of the inner forming tool 9 remains fixed in relation to the outer forming rollers 8, the contact diameter 9.1 of the inner forming tool 9 results as a constant inner diameter.

Der Innendurchmesser wird kleiner, wenn der Kontaktdurchmesser 9.1 kleiner wird, d.h., die axiale Position des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 relativ zur axialen Position der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 sich derart ändert, dass sich die Umformzone auf der Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumformwerkzeugs in einen Bereich mit kleinerem, an der Innenkontur des Werkstücks 4 angreifendem, wirksamen Werkzeugdurchmesser verschiebt. Dadurch kann eine größere Wanddicke geformt werden, ohne dass die äußern Umformrollen 8 ihre radiale Position verändern.The inner diameter is smaller when the contact diameter 9.1 becomes smaller, that is, the axial position of the Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 relative to the axial position of the outer forming tools 8 changes such that the forming zone on the outer contour 9.2 of Innenumformwerkzeugs in an area with smaller, on the Shapes inner contour of the workpiece 4 attacking, effective tool diameter. As a result, a greater wall thickness can be formed without the outer forming rollers 8 changing their radial position.

Verändern dagegen auch die äußeren Umformrollen 8 ihre radiale Position zu einem kleineren geformten Außendurchmesser entsprechend dem sich aus der neuen axialen Relativposition des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 aufgrund der Außenkontur des inneren Umformwerkzeugs 9 ergebenden Innendurchmessers des Werkstücks 4, dann kann bei gleichbleibender Wanddicke ein kleinerer Außendurchmesser als vor der Änderung der radialen Position der äußeren Umformrollen 8 und der axialen Position der Innenumformrolle 9 geformt werden.In contrast, change the outer forming rollers 8 their radial position to a smaller outer diameter formed in accordance with the resulting from the new axial relative position of Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 due to the outer contour of the inner forming tool 9 inner diameter of the workpiece 4, then with a constant wall thickness, a smaller outer diameter than before Changing the radial position of the outer forming rollers 8 and the axial position of the inner forming roller 9 are formed.

Der Innendurchmesser wird größer, wenn der Kontaktdurchmesser 9.1 größer wird, d.h. die axiale Position des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 relativ zur axialen Position der äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 sich derart ändert, dass sich die Umformzone auf der Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumformwerkzeugs in einen Bereich mit größerem an der Innenkontur des Werkstücks 4 angreifenden wirksamen Werkzeugdurchmesser verschiebt. Dadurch kann die geformte Wanddicke W1 verkleinert werden, ohne dass die äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 ihre radiale Position verändern.The inner diameter becomes larger as the contact diameter 9.1 becomes larger, i. the axial position of the inner forming tool 9 relative to the axial position of the outer forming tools 8 changes in such a way that the forming zone on the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool moves into an area with an effective tool diameter acting on the inner contour of the workpiece 4. As a result, the molded wall thickness W1 can be reduced without the outer forming tools 8 changing their radial position.

Verändern dagegen auch die äußeren Umformrollen 8 ihre radiale Position zu einem größeren geformten Außendurchmesser entsprechend dem sich aus der neuen axialen Relativposition der Innenumformrolle 9 aufgrund der Außenkontur 9.2 des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 ergebenden Innendurchmessers des Werkstücks 4, dann kann bei gleichbleibender Wanddicke ein größerer Außendurchmesser als vor der Änderung der radialen Position der äußeren Umformrollen 8 und der axialen Position der Innenumformrolle 9 geformt werden.If, on the other hand, the outer forming rollers 8 also change their radial position to a larger shaped outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the workpiece 4 resulting from the new axial relative position of the inner forming roller 9 due to the outer contour 9.2 of the inner forming tool 9, then with a constant wall thickness a larger outer diameter than before Changing the radial position of the outer forming rollers 8 and the axial position of the inner forming roller 9 are formed.

Diese beschriebenen Grundbewegungen können beliebig aneinandergereiht werden, so dass beliebige Abfolgen der beschriebenen zylindrischen oder konischen Konturverlaufsabschnitte 3.1 entstehen. Zudem ist durch Überlagerung der beschriebenen grundlegenden Bewegungsabläufe die Formung beliebiger konischer und/oder konvexer Konturen möglich.These described basic movements can be lined up in any desired manner, so that any sequences of the described cylindrical or conical contour profile sections 3.1 arise. In addition, the formation of any conical and / or convex contours is possible by superposition of the described basic motion sequences.

Sobald das Ende der Vorform 3 erreicht ist, können die äußeren Umformwerkzeuge 8 in Ausgangsposition zurück fahren. Anschließend kann die Einheit aus Hauptspindelkasten 1, Reitstock und Fertigteil 4 zurück in die Entladeposition fahren. Das fertige Werkstück 4 kann nun entspannt und entnommen werden.Once the end of the preform 3 is reached, the outer forming tools 8 can go back to the starting position. Subsequently, the unit of main spindle box 1, tailstock and finished part 4 can go back to the unloading position. The finished workpiece 4 can now be relaxed and removed.

Es ist weiterhin möglich, dass das innere Umformwerkzeug 9 an die Innenkontur des Werkstücks 4 angreifenden Bereichen eine Formgebung aufweist, die es ermöglicht, die Innenkontur nicht nur axial, sondern auch in Umfangsrichtung zu konturieren. Bei einer solchen Umfangsinnenkonturierung 4.1 kann es sich beispielsweise um axial verlaufende Innenrippen handeln. Eine Möglichkeit der Realisierung eines solchen Innenumformwerkzeugs stellt ein Umformwerkzeug, vorzugsweise eine Rolle, mit in Umfangsrichtung konturierter an der Innenkontur des Werkstücks 4 angreifender Oberfläche dar.It is furthermore possible for the inner forming tool 9 to have a shape on the inner contour of the workpiece 4, which makes it possible to contour the inner contour not only axially but also in the circumferential direction. Such circumferential inner contouring 4.1 can be, for example, axially extending inner ribs. One possibility of realizing such an inner forming tool is a forming tool, preferably a roller, with a surface contoured on the inner contour of the workpiece 4 in the circumferential direction.

Aufgrund der axialen Verfahrbarkeit des Innenumformwerkzeugs 9 relativ zu den äußeren Umformwerkzeugen 8 sind folgende Innenkonturen möglich:

  1. 1. Hohlkörper mit und ohne einseitigen Boden, mit gleichbleibenden Außen - und Innendurchmesser,
  2. 2. Hohlkörper wie unter 1, jedoch mit ein oder mehreren zylindrischer Verdickungen bei gleichbleibendem oder sich änderndem Außendurchmesser,
  3. 3. Hohlkörper wie unter 1, jedoch mit konischem, konkaven und/oder konvexen Verläufen der Wanddicken bei gleichbleibendem sich änderndem Außendurchmesser,
  4. 4. Hohlkörper wie unter 1 bis 3, mit einer Konturierung in Umfangsrichtung, beispielsweise axial verlaufenden Innenrippen.
Due to the axial movability of the inner forming tool 9 relative to the outer forming tools 8, the following inner contours are possible:
  1. 1. hollow body with and without one-sided bottom, with constant outer and inner diameter,
  2. 2. Hollow body as in 1, but with one or more cylindrical thickening with a constant or changing outer diameter,
  3. 3. Hollow body as in 1, but with conical, concave and / or convex profiles of the wall thicknesses with a constant changing outer diameter,
  4. 4. Hollow body as under 1 to 3, with a contouring in the circumferential direction, for example, axially extending inner ribs.

Claims (10)

  1. Device for machining a preform (3) which is designed as a rotationally symmetrical hollow body, with a main spindle (1.1), of which the axis is the machine main axis (x), and with at least one outer shaping tool (8) which has/have a number of outer shaping rollers and can be radially positioned or radially moved corresponding to a predefined contour of the workpiece (4) to be shaped, and also with an inner shaping tool (9) which is fixed to a holder (5) which can be displaced in the axial longitudinal direction and which is mounted so that it can rotate about the machine main axis (x) of the main spindle (1.1) and coaxially therewith, wherein the shaping rollers of the outer shaping tool (8) are designed to engage in the region of the inner shaping tool (9) from externally against the shell surface of the preform (3),
    characterised in that
    an axially movable headstock (1) with a driven entrainment element (11) and a tailstock (2) with a receiving device formed as a centring element (7) and a tensioning device (14) with a pressure extension (10) guided centrally with respect to the machine main axis (x) are provided, which are designed to hold the preform (3) centred and axially braced between the entrainment element (11) and the centring element (7) so that the headstock (1) with rotating main spindle (1.1) and the preform (3) and the tailstock (2) form, due to the pre-stressing, one unit which can be moved jointly through the axial force of a feed device (15) arranged on the headstock (1) with a controlled feed in axial direction relative to the outer shaping tools (8), wherein the inner shaping tool (9) has an axially profiled outer contour (9.2) which is designed to provide different effective tool diameters, wherein the inner shaping tool (8) can be axially moved and / or axially positioned relative to the axial position of the outer shaping tools (8) in order to predefine the axial position of a shaping zone on the inner shaping tool (9) between the inner shaping tool (9) and the outer shaping tools (8) through the axial positioning of the outer shaping tools (8) relative to the inner shaping tool (9) so that, due to the different effective tool diameters of the outer contour (9.2) of the inner shaping tool (9), an inner diameter of the workpiece (4) can be predefined through the relative axial position of the outer shaping tools (8) and the inner shaping tool (9) relative to each other.
  2. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the inner shaping tool (9) can be axially moved or axially positioned during shaping of the preform (3) relative to the position of the outer shaping tools (8).
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    the inner shaping tool (9) has a spherical outer contour.
  4. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the outer contour (9.2) of the inner shaping tool (9) has one or a plurality of cylindrical portions and / or one or a plurality of conical, concave and / or convex transitions.
  5. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the inner shaping tool (9) has a surface contoured in the peripheral direction engaging against the inner contour of the workpiece (4).
  6. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the inner shaping tool (9) is composed of a plurality of outer profiles and / or contours.
  7. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the inner shaping tool (9) has at least one shaping roller which is preferably mounted coaxially with the machine main axis (x).
  8. Method for producing workpieces from a preform (3) which is designed as a rotationally symmetrical hollow body, in particular by means of a device according to one of the preceding claims, which has a main spindle (1.1), of which the axis is the machine main axis (x), wherein a preform (3) is shaped through the interplay of an inner shaping tool (9), mounted so as to be rotatable about the machine main axis (x) of the main spindle (1.1) and coaxially therewith and fixed to a holder (5) which can be displaced in the axial longitudinal direction, and at least one outer shaping tool (8), which has / have a number of outer shaping rollers which engage in the region of the inner shaping tool (9) from externally against the shell surface of the preform (3), wherein the pressure between the outer shaping tools (8) and the inner shaping tool (9) on the shell of the preform (3) causes the material to flow, so that with a rotating preform (3) the latter assumes a contour predefined by the outer shaping tools (8) and the inner shaping tool (9), the wall thickness of the contour being determined by the radial position of the outer shaping rollers of the outer shaping tools (8) and the inner shaping tool (9) relative to each other, wherein the outer shaping rollers can be radially positioned or radially moved corresponding to the predefined contour of the workpiece (4) to be shaped,
    characterised in that
    the preform (3) is held centred and axially braced between a driven entrainment element (11) of an axially movable headstock (1) and a receiving device of a tailstock (2) formed as a centring element (7) in such a way that the headstock (1) with rotating main spindle (1.1.) as well as the preform (3) and the tailstock (2), due to the pre-tension together with a tensioning device (14) with a pressure extension (10) guided centrally to the machine main axis (x), form one unit which is moved jointly by the axial force of a feed device (15) arranged on the headstock (1) with a controlled feed in axial direction relative to the outer shaping tools (8), wherein the inner shaping tool (9) has an axially profiled outer contour (9.2) for providing different effective tool diameters and is axially moved and / or axially positioned relative to the axial position of the outer shaping tools (8) in order to predefine the axial position of a shaping zone on the inner shaping tool (9) between the inner shaping tool (9) and the outer shaping tools (8) through the axial positioning of the outer shaping tools (8) relative to the inner shaping tool (9) so that, on account of the different effective tool diameters of the outer contour (9.2) of the inner shaping tool (9), an inner diameter of the workpiece (4) is predefined by the relative axial position of the outer shaping tools (8) and the inner shaping tool (9) relative to each other.
  9. Method according to claim 8,
    characterised in that
    when the preform (3) rotates, the wall thickness progression of the workpiece (4) to be shaped is determined by the distance of the outer shaping tools (8) and the contact diameter (9.1) of the inner shaping tool (9) relative to each other.
  10. Method according to claim 8 or 9,
    characterised in that
    when the preform (3) rotates, the wall thickness progression of the workpiece (4) to be shaped is determined by the relative radial position of the outer shaping tools (8) to the contact diameter (9.1) of the inner shaping tool (9), wherein the contact diameter (9.1) results due to the outer contour (9.2) of the inner shaping tool (9) from its relative axial position to the outer shaping tools (8).
EP20100000210 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Method and device for forming workpieces Active EP2343138B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20100000210 EP2343138B1 (en) 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Method and device for forming workpieces
ES10000210.4T ES2543005T3 (en) 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Device and procedure for molding work pieces
US13/521,298 US10124388B2 (en) 2010-01-12 2011-01-07 Device and method to shape worked pieces
PCT/EP2011/000035 WO2011085948A1 (en) 2010-01-12 2011-01-07 Device and method for shaping work pieces
CN201180004696XA CN102712023A (en) 2010-01-12 2011-01-07 Device and method for shaping work pieces

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20100000210 EP2343138B1 (en) 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Method and device for forming workpieces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2343138A1 EP2343138A1 (en) 2011-07-13
EP2343138B1 true EP2343138B1 (en) 2015-04-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20100000210 Active EP2343138B1 (en) 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Method and device for forming workpieces

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10124388B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2343138B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102712023A (en)
ES (1) ES2543005T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2011085948A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2876018T3 (en) 2014-11-28 2021-11-11 Repkon Machine And Tool Ind And Trade Inc Device and method for pressure rolling of workpieces

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2210682A1 (en) 2009-07-09 2010-07-28 Leifeld Metal Spinning GmbH Method and apparatus for spinning

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3545506A1 (en) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-02 Man Technologie Gmbh TOOL FOR ROLLING HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL WORKPIECES
JP4354133B2 (en) * 2001-08-10 2009-10-28 カヤバ工業株式会社 Cylinder processing method
DE102007002228A1 (en) * 2007-01-10 2008-07-31 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method for preparing pipes with internal profiles, involves surrounding pipe from outside, by template, where rotating tool presses on pipe wall for producing different wall thickness wall areas in longitudinal direction of pipe
JP5435190B2 (en) * 2007-03-30 2014-03-05 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Tube processing method and cylinder device manufacturing method
ES2341683T3 (en) * 2008-05-26 2010-06-24 REPKON MACHINE AND TOOL INDUSTRY & TRADE LTD. PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WORK PIECES AND PRESSURE ROLLING MACHINE FOR IT.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2210682A1 (en) 2009-07-09 2010-07-28 Leifeld Metal Spinning GmbH Method and apparatus for spinning

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011085948A8 (en) 2012-06-07
CN102712023A (en) 2012-10-03
ES2543005T3 (en) 2015-08-13
WO2011085948A1 (en) 2011-07-21
EP2343138A1 (en) 2011-07-13
US20120285215A1 (en) 2012-11-15
US10124388B2 (en) 2018-11-13

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