EP3317111A1 - Élément de sécurité comportant une grille filtrant les couleurs - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité comportant une grille filtrant les couleurs

Info

Publication number
EP3317111A1
EP3317111A1 EP16733880.5A EP16733880A EP3317111A1 EP 3317111 A1 EP3317111 A1 EP 3317111A1 EP 16733880 A EP16733880 A EP 16733880A EP 3317111 A1 EP3317111 A1 EP 3317111A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surface elements
security element
dielectric
lattice plane
refractive index
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16733880.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3317111B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Lochbihler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Publication of EP3317111A1 publication Critical patent/EP3317111A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3317111B1 publication Critical patent/EP3317111B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element for a document of value, wherein the security element has a two-dimensionally regular pattern of individual cylindrical surface elements of high-refractive, in particular metallic material, which lie in a lattice plane, are spaced apart by gaps and are embedded on all sides in a dielectric, wherein the regular Pattern in at least two
  • Directions that are parallel to the lattice plane has a periodicity of 00 nm to 800 nm, preferably from 200 nm to 500 nm.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a security element for a document of value, wherein a two-dimensionally regular pattern of individual cylindrical surface elements of high refractive, in particular metallic material is formed, which lie in a lattice plane, are spaced apart by gaps and are embedded on all sides in a dielectric wherein the regular pattern in at least two directions parallel to the lattice plane has a periodicity of 100 nm to 800 nm, preferably 200 nm to 500 nm.
  • the invention also relates to a not yet executable precursor to a document of value.
  • WO 2012/156049 AI known.
  • This generic security element has good color filter properties and can be in multiply an embossing process cost-effectively.
  • the security element provides an array of surface elements, also referred to as nanodisks because of their size, arranged above a base surface having a complementary hole pattern. This hole pattern is also called a nanohole array.
  • nanodisks because of their size, arranged above a base surface having a complementary hole pattern.
  • This hole pattern is also called a nanohole array.
  • a structure is embossed into a dielectric which is to surround the nanodisks and nanholaces.
  • the color effect, especially in transmission, depends very much on the distance between the nanodisks and the nanoholes. This distance is determined by the height of the embossed structure and thus ultimately by an embossing tool.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a two-dimensional, color-filtering grating which on the one hand has a good color filter property and on the other hand can be produced by cost-effective duplication methods.
  • security element for a document of value, wherein the security element has a two-dimensional regular pattern of individual cylindrical surface elements of high refractive, in particular metallic material, which lie in a lattice plane, are spaced apart by gaps and are embedded on all sides in a dielectric, wherein the regular pattern in at least two directions, which run parallel to the lattice plane, has a periodicity of 100 nm to 800 nm, preferably of 200 nm to 500 nm, wherein the gaps between the surface elements in a range of at least 1 ⁇ , optionally 5 ⁇ to 50 ⁇ , perpendicular to the lattice plane also only have dielectric.
  • the object is further achieved by a method for producing a security element for a document of value, wherein a two-dimensionally regular pattern of individual cylindrical surface elements of high-refractive, in particular metallic material is formed, which lie in a lattice plane, spaced by gaps from each other and standing on all sides embedded in a dielectric, wherein the regular pattern in at least two directions parallel to the lattice plane has a periodicity of 100 nm to 800 nm, preferably 200 nm to 500 nm, the gaps between the surface elements being in a range of at least 1 ⁇ , optionally 5 ⁇ to 50 ⁇ ⁇ , perpendicular to the lattice plane also have only one dielectric, in particular seen perpendicular to the lattice plane are not covered by high refractive index material.
  • the object is finally also solved by a non-executable precursor to a value document containing a security element according to the invention.
  • the grid provides high-refraction surface elements which, unlike in WO 2012/156049 A1, are no longer arranged above a high-index base layer. Rather, there are also the gaps between the surface elements in a range of at least 1 ⁇ (depending on the realization up to 50 ⁇ or more) of dielectric, non-high refractive index material.
  • the area is measured perpendicular to the plane in which the surface elements are located, and extends on both sides of the plane.
  • For the optical effect of the security element no longer depends on a precise distance of the high refractive surface elements to a high refractive base layer. As a result, an embossing depth no longer plays a role in the production process, and the abovementioned wear problem of the embossing tool is avoided.
  • the high refractive property of the surface elements is achieved by a suitable choice of material.
  • metal in addition to metal as a material are in particular silicon, zinc sulfide or titanium dioxide in question.
  • the term “metallic” is taken as an example of "high-index", unless expressly described otherwise.
  • plastic films are particularly suitable, for.
  • PET films as
  • the actual basic structure is z. B. also in plastic, preferably UV lacquer is formed. After evaporation, the structure is finally filled with UV varnish and laminated with a cover film.
  • a layer structure in which the top and bottom in
  • the high refractive index material of the surface elements is not limited to simple metallic layers. There are also multiple layers, especially trilayer conceivable. It is known that multi-coated one-dimensional periodic gratings enable strong color filter filtering through the formation of Fabry-Perot resonators both in reflection and in transmission. In trilayer, the following layers are particularly preferred: two semi-transparent metal layers with an intervening dielectric spacer layer or two high-index layers with an intermediate low-refractive layer.
  • the Metal layers are the following materials: Al, Ag, Pt, Pd, Au, Cu, Cr and alloys thereof.
  • Suitable high-index layers are, for example, ZnS, ZnO, T1O2, ZnSe, SiO, Ta20s or silicon.
  • S1O2, Al2O3 and MgF2 offer.
  • the refractive index of the dielectric which fills the gaps between the surface elements, may for example be between 1.4 and 1.6.
  • the color effects depend primarily on the periodicity of the pattern.
  • the color can also be varied by the geometry of the nanodisks. This can be exploited to create colored symbols or images.
  • the surface filling factor and / or the geometry of the surface elements and / or their material can be locally varied.
  • Several subpixels are designed with different color properties by appropriate geometric design and then combined into one pixel. This allows a colored image representation.
  • the different colors can be varied by the corresponding local variation of one or more of the parameters of the grid.
  • Characteristic of the security element is that, compared to the known from WO 2012/0156049 AI approach the base layer of high refractive index material is missing, since the gaps between the surface elements (the latter in the above range) are formed by a dielectric material. It is not mandatory that it is consistently the same dielectric. What is essential is the refractive index difference between the surface elements and the dielectric material or materials in the gaps and in the vicinity of the surface elements. Particularly preferred is a security element whose gaps seen perpendicular to the ground plane are not covered by high refractive index material.
  • the security element may in particular be integrated in a security thread, tear-open thread, security strip, security strip, patch or label.
  • the security element can span transparent areas or recesses.
  • the security element can in particular be part of a not yet executable precursor to a value document, which additionally may have further authenticity features.
  • value documents on the one hand documents are understood, which with the security element are provided.
  • value documents can also be other documents or objects that are provided with the security element, so that the value documents have non-copyable authenticity features in order to enable authenticity verification and to prevent undesired copies.
  • Chip or security cards such. Bank or credit cards or ID cards are further examples of a value document.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic view of a first embodiment of a security element
  • FIG. 3 shows a further modification of the security element of FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 4-7 diagrams with respect to the filter properties of various
  • FIG. 8-9 schematic representations for forming the security element for image presentation
  • Fig. 10-11 schematic representations of various stages of production of the security element for different manufacturing techniques
  • the 1 shows a schematic representation of a security element 1. It has surface elements 3 on a carrier 2. There are gaps 4 between the surface elements 3.
  • the carrier 2 is made of a dielectric material, the surface elements of a high refractive index material, for example a metallic coating.
  • the surface elements 3 are covered with a cover layer 5, so that they are surrounded on all sides by dielectric.
  • the arrangement of the surface elements 3 with the intervening gaps 4 forms a pattern 6, so that a total of a two-dimensional periodic sub-wavelength grating is formed by the periodic arrangement of surface elements.
  • the surface elements 3 consist of a high refractive index material with a refractive index v.
  • the arrangement as well as the embedding in dielectric with the refractive index n in the embodiment according to Fig.
  • the refractive indices of the carrier 2 and the cover layer 5 are identical, this is not mandatory) results for incident radiation E a color effect for transmitted radiation T as well reflected radiation R. This will be explained below, as well as that the color effect of an angle of incidence ⁇ to the surface normal, here registered as an optical axis OA depends.
  • the shape of the surface elements 3 can be designed differently.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment with circular in plan view surface elements.
  • the surface elements 3 are cylindrical (not necessarily circular cylindrical) and have a width wi and a depth w 2 .
  • the arrangement of the surface elements 3 in the pattern 6 is periodic.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shows a period d. It may be different in other embodiments in the two spatial directions of the basic or lattice plane 7.
  • the surface elements 3 which form nanodisks
  • intermediate forms between a circular and square plan are also possible.
  • a symmetrical shape has particularly good color filtering for unpolarized light.
  • squares with rounded corners are suitable for the practical implementation.
  • the security element 1 is incident at the angle ⁇ radiation E, the reflection R in the glancing angle shows the zeroth order of diffraction and, at the same time, a zeroth diffraction order in transmission.
  • the structure of the surface elements 3, so the nanodisks is not limited to homogeneous, metallic or semi-metallic layers. It is also possible to use multiple layers, in particular so-called trilayers, which, for example, exhibit a color-shift effect.
  • multi-coated, one-dimensional periodic gratings enable strong color filter filtering through the formation of Fabry-Perot resonators both in reflection and in transmission.
  • the following layers are particularly preferred: two semi-transparent metal layers with an intervening dielectric spacer layer or two high-index layers with an intermediate low-refractive layer.
  • the following materials are suitable for the metal layers: Al, Ag, Pt, Pd, Au, Cu, Cr and alloys thereof.
  • Suitable high-index layers are, for example, ZnS, ZnO, TiO 2 , ZnSe, SiO 2 , Ta 2 G * 5 or silicon.
  • Si0 2 , A1 2 Ü3 or MgF 2 are suitable as low-index layers.
  • the periodicity d lies in the sub-wavelength range, ie in the range between 100 nm and 800 nm, preferably between 200 nm and 450 nm or 600 nm.
  • the filling factors m / di and u 2 / d 2 are between 0.2 and 0.8, preferably between 0.3 and 0.7.
  • the periodicity directions are perpendicular to each other. This too is optional. Also spatially asymmetrical arrangements of the profile and the periodicity are conceivable.
  • the pattern 6 need not be a Cartesian pattern as shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 2 shows a security element 1, the surface elements 3 are formed circular cylindrical. This shape is like the construction of Fig. 1 or 2 especially for color filter for unpolarized light. Other mathematically cylindrical geometries are provided for the surface elements in embodiments. For example, modifications of the square shape of Fig. 1 and the circular shape of Fig. 2 are provided, for. B. by rounded corners.
  • the color values of FIGS. 5b x, y calculated therefrom demonstrate that the hue is hardly changed by the tilt, only the color saturation decreases for increasing angles.
  • the brightness L * was calculated from the color coordinates X, Y, Z, which corresponds approximately to the intensity perceived by the viewer.
  • the brightness L * here is about 25 and is almost constant for an angle change from 0 ° to 30 °.
  • the reflection of the security element 1 is shown in FIG. 6a in (non-normalized) values as a function of the wavelength. This shows that these spectra each contain a pronounced resonant maximum whose position approximately corresponds to the position of the minima of the transmission spectra. These spectra were also converted to the color values x, y, which are shown in the CIE 1931 color chart of Fig. 6b. By the illustrated security element red, yellow and green shades can be generated. For blue or violet colors (not shown), a grating period of the nanodisk arrays ⁇ 240 nm must be selected.
  • Figures 8a and b show three regions of different geometry ( ⁇ , WR), (de WG) and (d ⁇ , WB) of the pattern 6 appearing in the colors red, green and blue. These different colors can be caused by the corresponding variation of one or more profile parameters.
  • the three regions 11, 12, 13 correspond to RGB subpixels and together form a pixel 14.
  • the respective geometry ensures that the corresponding colors red, green and blue are effected.
  • the proportion of the color of the respective RGB subpixel in the pixel 14 can be set by the choice of geometry.
  • the pixel 14 can be given a desired color.
  • the color mixing of the primary colors effected in the pixel 16 by the regions 11, 12, 13 of the RGB subpixels thus makes true color images possible.
  • the advantage of such a structure over a conventional printing technique is that a very fine structuring down to the micrometer range is possible, which is advantageous in particular with magnification arrangements.
  • the security element 8a, b according to FIG. 12 permits microimages in which the pattern changes laterally in order to achieve a color contrast or an intensity contrast in the microimage.
  • the structure described here is preferred for this, since their optical properties are very angle-tolerant, ie their color hardly changes with a variation of the angle of incidence.
  • This property is advantageous in a combination with microlens arrays, since the light perceived by a viewer comes from different light paths, which have different angles of incidence.
  • the intensity in the individual color pixels can be adjusted via the area ratios of the nanodisk arrays to surrounding unstructured areas.
  • the unstructured areas are either completely metallized or completely transparent and appear neutral in color.
  • This lateral arrangement of a region filled with a nanodisk array in the vicinity of an unstructured region can also serve to form a motif against a color-neutral background.
  • Fig. 9 shows side by side different patterns 6 of the nanodisks which are orthogonal or hexagonal.
  • the individual nanodisks can have different geometries such as squares, rectangles, circles, ellipses or triangles. Such a lateral variation of the arrangement can also produce a variation in the color.
  • hexagonal arrangement other arrangements such as octagonal arrangements are possible, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the security element 1 can be combined with other embossing structures such as holograms, micromirror arrangements and known subwavelength structures for the production of security features. On the one hand, this increases the counterfeiting security of such features.
  • safety features can be visually upgraded by the color attractiveness of the nanodisk arrays described here.
  • the nanodisk arrays described here are particularly suitable for see-through elements, as they show colors in reflection and in transmission. An additional security against forgery of this structure is provided by the first diffraction order, which is observable for grating periods of approximately> 330 nm at an oblique angle of incidence.
  • the security element 1 can be made by having a
  • Dielectric with two-dimensionally periodically arranged recesses according to the pattern 6 is vapor-deposited vertically with high refractive index material, for example one of said metals or metal alloys. Then a coating with holes on the upper level is created. In addition, the bottoms of the periodically arranged depressions are high-refractive coated and form the nanodisk array, ie the pattern 6 of the surface elements 3.
  • the metallic hole structure on top can then be removed by known methods, so that the pattern 6 of the surface elements 3 in FIGS Wells remains.
  • a carrier treated in this way can subsequently be embedded in a dielectric or laminated with a cover film.
  • a photopolymer is preferably used which has the same refractive index as possible, ideally even the same
  • Manufacturing process. 10 a shows the carrier 15 into which the depressions 16 in the arrangement according to the pattern 6 have been introduced, for example by means of an embossing process into a stampable medium of the carrier 15, for example an embossing lacquer which forms part of the carrier 15. Subsequently, the coating 17 was applied, which is shaded in FIG. 10a.
  • Fig. 10b shows the subsequent state after the removal of the coating 17 at the top 18 of the carrier 15, i. at all sections except the depressions 16.
  • the high-refractive coating such as metallization, thus remains exclusively in the recesses 16 and forms the surface elements 3.
  • the top 18, however, is now without coating 17th
  • the original for the production of an embossing tool which is used in the embossing process according to FIGS. 10a and 10b, can be used, for example, in photolithography. be produced graphically. This can be done using an e-beam system, focused ion beam or interference lithography.
  • the written in photoresist structure is then developed, while the photoresist partially removed.
  • the resulting structure is then preferably etched into a quartz wafer so that as far as possible vertical flanks of the profile are formed.
  • the quartz mask can now be copied eg in Ormocer or replicated by galvanic impressions. It is also a direct impression of the photolithographically produced original in Ormocer or nickel in a galvanic process conceivable.
  • the original structure often has to be joined together on one level and finally galvanically molded.
  • This galvanic impression can then be clamped onto a cylinder and used as embossing cylinder.
  • the structure can now be replicated in UV varnish on film, eg PET film.
  • the thus structured films are then directed under high vacuum with the desired coating evaporated. So that the combination of a nanodisk array and a nanohole array is formed (see FIG. 10a), from which the coating 17 with the nanohole arrays is removed again.
  • the generation of the sub-waveguide structure of the surface elements 3 according to the pattern 6 is also possible with a transfer method.
  • an intermediate carrier 19 is embossed so that it has elevations 20, which are arranged according to the pattern 6.
  • the embossing process is substantially the same as that described with reference to Figs. 10a and 10b, however, the embossing tool for this manufacturing technique is made negative to that of Figs. 10a and 10b.
  • the intermediate carrier 19 embossed in this way is then provided with the coating 17, so that, as a result, a coating also remains on the elevations 20.
  • This coating is then combined with a Metal transfer method, as known for example from DE 102012018774 AI or DE 102013005839 AI transferred to the carrier 15, optionally by using an intermediate transfer to another temporary carrier.
  • a Metal transfer method as known for example from DE 102012018774 AI or DE 102013005839 AI transferred to the carrier 15, optionally by using an intermediate transfer to another temporary carrier.
  • the carrier 15 thus provided with the pattern 6 of the surface elements 3 is then coated or laminated with a dielectric in the form of the cover layer 5.
  • a further production method (not shown in the figures) provides directly for a structuring of a metal layer 17 on the still planar carrier 5, for example by a photolithographic etching process or ablation with laser irradiation.
  • the security element according to the invention can be combined with other security elements.
  • FIG. 12 provides an area II, in which the security element 1 according to the invention is formed, and a region I with a further security element 21, which corresponds, for example, to the construction according to WO 2012/156049 A1.
  • This can be produced, for example, particularly simply by not removing the coating 17 in the region II during the production process according to FIGS. 10a, 10b.
  • the areas I and II or the security elements 21 and 1 then show different colors with otherwise identical geometry of the pattern 6.
  • the front and back of the area I appear differently in reflection, while the reflection of the front and back of the area II identical is.

Landscapes

  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de sécurité pour un document de valeur, l'élément de sécurité (1) présentant un motif (6) bidimensionnellement régulier d'éléments de surface cylindriques individuels (3) en matériau hautement réfractif, notamment métallique, disposés dans un plan de grille (7), séparés par des interstices (4) et intégrés de tous côtés dans un diélectrique (2, 5). Le motif régulier (6) présente, dans au moins deux directions parallèles au plan de grille, une périodicité (d) de 100 nm à 800 nm, de préférence de 200 nm à 500 nm, les interstices (4) situés entre les éléments plats (3) ne présentant également que le diélectrique (2, 5) dans une zone d'au moins 1 μm perpendiculairement au plan de grille (7).
EP16733880.5A 2015-07-03 2016-06-27 Élément de sécurité comportant une grille filtrant les couleurs Active EP3317111B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015008655.3A DE102015008655A1 (de) 2015-07-03 2015-07-03 Sicherheitselement mit farbfilterndem Gitter
PCT/EP2016/001091 WO2017005346A1 (fr) 2015-07-03 2016-06-27 Élément de sécurité comportant une grille filtrant les couleurs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3317111A1 true EP3317111A1 (fr) 2018-05-09
EP3317111B1 EP3317111B1 (fr) 2019-08-07

Family

ID=56296758

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16733880.5A Active EP3317111B1 (fr) 2015-07-03 2016-06-27 Élément de sécurité comportant une grille filtrant les couleurs

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3317111B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107743446B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015008655A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017005346A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016015335A1 (de) 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Holographisches Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102017130589A1 (de) 2017-12-19 2019-06-19 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit zweidimensionaler Nanostruktur und Herstellverfahren für dieses Sicherheitselement
DE102018005872A1 (de) 2018-07-25 2020-01-30 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Verwendung einer durch Strahlung härtbaren Lackzusammensetzung, Verfahren zur Herstellung von mikrooptischen Strukturen, mikrooptische Struktur und Datenträger
CN113272087B (zh) 2019-01-29 2024-04-19 巴斯夫欧洲公司 安全元件
CN110488406A (zh) * 2019-09-12 2019-11-22 江苏集萃智能传感技术研究所有限公司 一种多波段滤光片及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0919108D0 (en) * 2009-10-30 2009-12-16 Rue De Int Ltd Security device
GB201003397D0 (en) * 2010-03-01 2010-04-14 Rue De Int Ltd Moire magnification security device
DE102011101635A1 (de) 2011-05-16 2012-11-22 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Zweidimensional periodisches, farbfilterndes Gitter
DE102012018774A1 (de) 2012-09-24 2014-03-27 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit Darstellungsanordnung
DE102013005839A1 (de) 2013-04-04 2014-10-09 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement für Wertdokumente

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107743446A (zh) 2018-02-27
CN107743446B (zh) 2019-09-03
DE102015008655A1 (de) 2017-01-05
WO2017005346A1 (fr) 2017-01-12
EP3317111B1 (fr) 2019-08-07

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