EP3312513B1 - Device for the thermal treatment of food involving cooking vapors with dynamic exhaust air control - Google Patents
Device for the thermal treatment of food involving cooking vapors with dynamic exhaust air control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3312513B1 EP3312513B1 EP17195662.6A EP17195662A EP3312513B1 EP 3312513 B1 EP3312513 B1 EP 3312513B1 EP 17195662 A EP17195662 A EP 17195662A EP 3312513 B1 EP3312513 B1 EP 3312513B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure difference
- control element
- cooking
- inner space
- environment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015173 baked goods and baking mixes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012785 bread rolls Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008672 reprogramming Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
- F24C15/2007—Removing cooking fumes from oven cavities
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
- F24C15/2021—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for the thermal treatment of food under the action of steam according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention relates to such devices in the form of an oven or in the form of another baking or cooking device that is used for treating food by means of steam (steam ) is provided or suitable.
- steam cookers in this regard, reference is also made to steam cookers by way of example only.
- Such devices usually have at least one interior space for the arrangement of foodstuffs to be treated, in which steam is introduced at least during a specific treatment phase.
- the interior of such a device is usually loaded with the food to be treated, in particular with baked goods, from one side of the device (usually from the front) by opening a door or flap.
- a device according to the invention also has a steam generating device in order to be able to generate steam with the device itself as required and to be able to introduce it into the interior space for treating the food.
- an oven with an interior space referred to as a baking chamber and an air outlet opening are known. Air (including steam) can escape from the interior via the air outlet opening.
- a regulating element in the form of a throttle element is arranged in the area of the outlet opening and is coupled to a drive regulated by a regulating module.
- a first pressure sensor which is connected to the control module, is arranged on the side of the throttle element facing the baking chamber. It is also describes the arrangement and use of a second pressure sensor in order to measure a pressure difference in front of and behind the throttle element and, if necessary, to achieve a constant pressure difference by actuating the throttle element.
- a baking oven having an interior space referred to as an oven muffle and a fan being provided to generate an air flow inside the oven muffle.
- a controllable flap is provided to control the amount of air.
- the fan can be arranged within an upper air channel above the furnace muffle and the controllable flap can be arranged directly behind the fan.
- the amount of fresh air supplied can be determined on the one hand by the speed of the fan and on the other hand by the position of the controllable flap. Details on regulating the speed of the fan and the position of the controllable flap cannot be found in the document.
- an oven is known with several stoves arranged one above the other, each with a baking chamber, which has a steaming device. Vapor relief flaps that lead into a steam suction duct are provided for the evaporation. A steam extraction fan is arranged downstream of the steam extraction duct. It is pointed out that a controlled vapor extraction process can be carried out with the oven. However, this is not further specified.
- the invention is based on the object of improving a device and a method for the thermal treatment of food by means of steam according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that reliable and energy-efficient evaporation is made possible even under temporarily or permanently prevailing unfavorable environmental conditions.
- a device for the thermal treatment of food under the action of fumes has at least one closable interior space and at least one vapor outlet line leading out from the interior space into the surroundings for diverting fumes from the interior space into the surroundings. Downstream of the interior and upstream of the environment, an adjustable control element for at least partial closure of the steam outlet line is arranged, with a fan that is variably adjustable with regard to the conveying capacity is arranged downstream of the control element. Furthermore, a control device is provided, which is designed in such a way that a determined actual pressure difference between the surroundings and the steam outlet line is determined and, depending on the determined actual pressure difference, the position of the control element and the delivery rate of the fan can be modified as required, at least during an operating phase of the device. in order to achieve a specified target pressure difference. In the control device, at least during an operating phase, the control element is defined as the primary actuator with respect to the fan.
- the term “environment” in the sense of the invention includes on the one hand the external environment surrounding the location of a device according to the invention, ie the atmosphere outside a building.
- the steam outlet line can be connected to the atmosphere via a chimney, for example, which serves to direct the steam into the atmosphere, in particular from a bakery or another operating room.
- the term “environment” in the context of the invention is also intended to include an internal environment surrounding the device, possibly in a building. This can be, for example, a bakery, a production hall or some other completely or partially closed space.
- a device according to the invention preferably has a vapor condenser, or the vapor outlet line is provided with a separate vapor condenser.
- a vapor condenser is constructed like a heat exchanger and enables moisture to be extracted from vapor removed from the interior by condensation in order to be able to return the dehumidified air to an environment, in particular an internal environment, without significantly increasing the humidity in the environment.
- the water condensed by means of a vapor condenser can, in particular, be collected in a container or introduced directly into a sewer.
- the introduction of plumes into an internal environment is often provided when a chimney is not available and / or it is not possible due to other framework conditions to direct the plume directly into the external environment.
- the control device of the device according to the invention is functionally connected to suitable means for determining the actual pressure difference or has at least one suitable means itself.
- suitable means for determining the actual pressure difference or has at least one suitable means itself.
- pressure sensors or means for the direct determination of pressure differences can be provided for this purpose.
- the device according to the invention comprises with the control element on the one hand and the additional adjustable fan on the other hand, two means arranged in the steam outlet line, which can be set independently of one another via the control device in order to achieve a setpoint pressure difference.
- the invention thus enables energy-efficient swathing that can also be carried out reliably when temporarily or permanently unfavorable ambient conditions prevail.
- a “regulating member” in the context of the invention is understood to mean regulating elements that influence the effective cross section of a steam outlet line, in particular regulating flaps or slide regulators.
- the effective flow cross-section in the vapor outlet line can be reduced or enlarged as required, in particular by pivoting, shifting and / or other actuation, in order to bring the regulating element into a desired position.
- Suitable drive devices, in particular servomotors, are usually provided for actuation by means of the control device.
- operating phase means, in particular, a discharge process.
- a device according to the invention can advantageously be used for any other operating phases, in particular for those operating phases in which a certain target pressure difference is to be maintained or a certain target pressure difference curve is to be achieved.
- a device is particularly energy-efficient, since in the control device, at least during an operating phase, the control element is defined as the primary actuator relative to the fan. This means that when the actual pressure difference first deviates from the target pressure difference downwards (i.e. actual pressure difference that is too low), the control device initially - at least up to a certain position of the control element, preferably until the control element is fully opened or closed - tries to reach the target pressure difference by actuating the control element. To this extent, the control element is the primary actuator.
- the control device determines that, despite reaching a limit position (for example fully open position of the control element), no actual pressure difference can be achieved that corresponds to the target pressure difference, does the control device begin to increase the delivery rate of the variably adjustable fan in order to increase the target pressure difference to reach. Indeed the target pressure difference can only be achieved if the maximum flow rate of the fan is sufficiently high. If the maximum flow rate of the blower is not sufficient, the blower will be operated at maximum flow rate until the operating phase has been completed or the set pressure difference has been reached. The regulation of the delivery rate of the blower is insofar the secondary control element.
- the definition of the primary control element and the secondary control element also includes that when an actual pressure difference is determined that is too high compared to the target pressure difference, the delivery rate of the variably adjustable fan is initially up to a defined value Minimum value (this can be at "zero" and thus correspond to a switched-off blower) before - if there is a need for further reduction after reaching the minimum value - the actual pressure difference is further reduced by increasing the closing of the control element until it corresponds to the set pressure difference .
- Minimum value this can be at "zero" and thus correspond to a switched-off blower
- the control device has a pressure sensor, by means of which the actual pressure difference between the steam outlet line and the surroundings or between the interior of the device and the surroundings can be determined directly.
- the pressure in the vapor outlet line during a vapor removal process corresponds to the pressure in the interior of the device according to the invention from which vapor is currently being derived.
- the arrangement of a pressure sensor in the vapor outlet line to determine the pressure in the interior has the advantage, in addition to the advantages already mentioned, that the pressure sensor is easily accessible for assembly and maintenance purposes, since it is arranged outside the interior of the device.
- the target pressure difference is set to a value or a value range between 5 Pa and 15 Pa.
- the value range is preferably between 8 Pa and 12 Pa, particularly preferably around 10 Pa, that is to say within a value range of 10 Pa ⁇ 0.5 Pa.
- the values given above are to be understood in such a way that a negative pressure in the steam outlet line compared to the respective environment is desired, i.e. if the pressure of the steam outlet line compared to the environment (atmosphere or internal environment) is measured, the setpoint pressure difference values are corresponding negative, in the opposite case positive.
- a particularly positive and, above all, uniform treatment result is achieved with a vapor removal process at the aforementioned negative pressure values, in particular a uniform browning of baked goods to be treated.
- control device has set a control tolerance of no more than ⁇ 10% deviation from the target pressure difference. This means that a change in the regulating element and / or the adjustable fan only takes place if the measured actual pressure difference deviates from the setpoint pressure difference by at least the stated percentage.
- the set deviation is used as a control range for the first actuator to the extent that the second actuator is only actuated when the control tolerance is left.
- the control element would always try to keep the actual pressure difference at 10 Pa. Only if too low a pressure difference outside the control tolerance of 9 Pa were reached would the delivery rate of the second actuator (fan) be increased in order not to leave the range of the control tolerance as far as possible, provided the maximum delivery rate allows.
- the target pressure difference is set to the lower limit of the control tolerance, i.e. in the above example to 9 Pa, when the blower has an increased flow rate.
- a control tolerance of not more than ⁇ 7% and particularly preferably of ⁇ 5% is set in the control device.
- the control device of a device according to the invention can be configured in such a way that it is only active during one or more specific operating phases of the device according to the invention, for example only during a discharge process.
- a device according to the invention is an oven and the oven is equipped with certain baking programs, for example a baking program for baking bread rolls
- the baking program itself can specify the time after which the control device must be active from the start of the baking program.
- a device according to the invention can also be produced by retrofitting an existing device, in particular by retrofitting an oven.
- reprogramming or replacing a general control system may not be sensible or impossible for economic or technical reasons.
- a steaming detection device is provided, by means of which the start of a steaming process can be detected independently of the general control of the device.
- at least one pressure sensor to detect the start of a humidification process on the basis of a time-limited, distinctive pressure increase in the interior of a device according to the invention. For example, in the case of certain baking processes, given a first detected pressure increase of at least 50 Pa, it can be assumed that a steaming process has started.
- the minimum pressure increase can also be set lower or higher, for example at least 30 Pa, at least 60 Pa or at least 70 Pa. Based on a beginning of a steaming process detected in this way, this information can be combined with a steam exposure time set by an operator so that a start control time for steaming can be determined and determined by using a timer. In such cases, it is accordingly preferred to place a pressure sensor directly in the interior of an oven in order to be able to use it for a pressure-based moisture detection device. Such a pressure sensor is preferably also coupled to the control device at least insofar as the control device receives a signal relating to the start control time in connection with the humidification detection device.
- the vapor condenser is arranged in the vapor outlet line upstream of the control element.
- a pressure sensor is further preferably arranged upstream of the vapor condenser. This has the advantage that the suction effect of a fan arranged downstream of the vapor condenser can also be used for conveying vapor through the vapor condenser.
- the arrangement of a vapor condenser has the advantage already mentioned that the humidity of air introduced into an internal environment can be significantly reduced with the aid of the vapor condenser, which is not only advantageous with regard to the indoor climate and working conditions, but is often also essential in order to not to impair other food in the internal environment (bakery, production hall or the like) due to a sudden increase in humidity.
- a device in a further practical embodiment, it also has an extractor device for sucking off air exiting from the interior, the extractor device comprising an extractor duct which is merged with the vapor outlet duct at an opening.
- extractor device means in particular hood-like devices which are arranged in the area of a loading opening. In this regard, reference is made in particular to extractor hoods, which are arranged above a loading opening (for example oven door or oven flap). The term also includes others Extractor openings, for example those that are arranged laterally and / or below a corresponding loading opening.
- the steam outlet line preferably leads with little or no change in direction of the main flow direction into a common outlet line, which is connected downstream of the outlet point and is then common steam outlet line and fume extraction pipe.
- "Only a slight change in direction” includes changes in direction of the vapor outlet line in the area of the mouth of a maximum of 30 °, preferably a maximum of 15 °. This has the advantage that a vapor flow can pass the opening point largely unhindered and with only slight flow losses during the evaporation process, especially when the control element is fully open. In this case, both the regulating element and the fan can be arranged so that they can be used for both lines.
- control element is arranged in the orifice itself.
- the regulating element can be used both to change the effective flow cross-section in the area of the vapor outlet line and in the area of the extractor line.
- the axis of rotation can be arranged in a central area between the steam outlet line and the fume extraction line, in particular in the area of a central web arranged between the fume extraction line and the steam outlet line.
- the device according to the invention is not limited to devices with an interior space, but also extends to devices with several interior chambers separated from one another, with a separate chamber control element leading to the steam outlet line being arranged on at least one chamber, which chamber control element can be opened if necessary to extract steam to allow the interior chamber to flow to the steam outlet line.
- the interior chambers can in particular be several cookers of an oven, for example a deck oven, arranged next to one another and / or one above the other.
- a so-called steam flap can in particular serve as the chamber control element.
- suitable chamber regulating organs can also be used.
- a separate chamber regulating member leading to the steam outlet line is arranged on each chamber of a device according to the invention with several interior chambers separated from one another, which chamber regulating member can be opened if necessary.
- the at least one or all of the chamber regulating elements of a device according to the invention can, in addition to the regulating element arranged in the steam outlet line, also be adjustable as a function of pressure, in particular in order to be able to maintain a predetermined target pressure difference for each chamber independently of one another in the case of simultaneous evaporation from several interior chambers.
- the respective chamber regulating elements can be used as a third actuator in order to be able to regulate a target differential pressure for each chamber while simultaneously venting several interior chambers.
- a separate pressure sensor is arranged in each interior chamber of the device, which should be suitable for simultaneous evaporation with other interior chambers, in order to be able to detect any pressure differences in individual interior chambers and to be able to take them into account when setting the chamber control elements .
- a steam outlet line 10 is shown, through which swaths flow in the direction of arrow S, coming from an interior of a device according to the invention, during a swath removal process. Furthermore, an extractor duct 12 is provided through which, coming from a non-illustrated extractor hood of the device in the direction of arrow D, vapor (ie in particular with air sucked off in the area in front of the device) flows.
- the steam outlet line 10 and the fume extraction line 12 are at an opening point 14 merged to form a common output line 16.
- the output line 16 is thus both the continuation of the vapor outlet line 10 and the continuation of the extractor line 12.
- the output line 16 leads in the FIG Figure 1 embodiment shown into the environment 28, the external environment (atmosphere) is meant here. For this purpose, the output line 16 is connected to a chimney, not shown.
- a pressure sensor 18 is arranged upstream of the mouth 14 in the vapor outlet line 10. This is designed to determine the actual pressure difference between the steam outlet line 10 and the surroundings 28, in particular by establishing a connection between the surroundings 28 and the steam outlet line 10 by means of a fluid line and measuring the actual pressure difference directly.
- a control flap 22 is arranged as a control element 20 in the orifice 14 itself.
- the control element 20 can be pivoted about an axis of rotation 30, the axis of rotation 30 being arranged in the area of the central web between the steam outlet line 10 and the fume extraction line 12 in the area of the mouth 14.
- the control element 20 or the control flap is shown in a neutral central position (position 1) with the solid line. By pivoting about the axis of rotation 30, the regulating element 20 can close the flow cross-section of the fume extraction line 12 or the steam outlet line 10, if necessary.
- a position 2 of the regulating member 20a or the regulating flap 22a and a position 3 of the regulating member 20b or the regulating flap 22b are shown by way of example with a dashed line and a dotted line.
- a fan 24 is arranged downstream of the orifice 14.
- the regulating element 20 is defined as a primary actuator and the fan 24 as a secondary actuator, that is, the control device always strives to regulate an actual pressure difference that corresponds to the setpoint, as far as it is possible by selecting one of the possible positions of the regulating element 20. Pressure difference corresponds. Only if this does not succeed, for example because the regulating element 20 is already fully open and the pressure difference is still too low, is the delivery rate of the fan 24 increased from a basic position. The fan 24 can be switched off in the basic position and set to a minimum delivery rate.
- FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 below for identical or at least functionally identical elements Figure 1 be used. Unless otherwise described, the elements with the same reference symbols are the same as in FIG Figure 1 .
- a vapor condenser 26 is arranged downstream of the pressure sensor 18 in front of the orifice 14.
- the output line 16 leads downstream of the fan 24 into the immediate surroundings 28 of the device, this being in particular a closed production hall, a bakery or another room in a building.
- Fig. 3 shows a device according to the invention in the form of a deck oven 32.
- the device has three ovens 34a, 34b, 34c with interior chambers 36a, 36b, 36c arranged one above the other.
- loading flaps (not shown) are provided which can be opened and closed to bring baked goods into the interior chambers 36a, 36b, 36c can be introduced and removed.
- chamber organs 38 On the left side of the interior chambers 36a, 36b, 36c there are provided as chamber organs 38 the interior chambers 36a, 36b, 36c associated with vent flaps 40a, 40b, 40c, which can be opened completely or partially in particular for a venting process.
- the steam flaps 40a, 40b, 40c steam can enter a rear steam channel 42, and a steam outlet line 10 connects to the steam channel 42.
- fan is intended to encompass any device that is suitable for driving an air flow and, in particular, a discharge air flow.
- a control device of a device according to the invention can have a suitable control element, in particular a controller known from the prior art.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Commercial Cooking Devices (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Lebensmitteln unter Einwirkung von Schwaden gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung derartige Vorrichtungen in Form eines Backofens oder in Form eines anderen Back- oder Gargerätes, das zur Behandlung von Lebensmitteln mittels Schwaden (Dampf) vorgesehen oder geeignet ist. Nur beispielhaft wird insoweit auch auf Dampfgarer verwiesen. Üblicherweise weisen derartige Vorrichtungen mindestens einen Innenraum zur Anordnung von zu behandelnden Lebensmitteln auf, in welchen zumindest während einer bestimmten Behandlungsphase Schwaden eingebracht wird. Der Innenraum einer solchen Vorrichtung wird üblicherweise von einer Seite der Vorrichtung aus (meist von der Vorderseite aus) durch Öffnen einer Tür oder Klappe mit den zu behandelnden Lebensmitteln beschickt, insbesondere mit Backwaren. Optional und bevorzugt weist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung auch eine Schwadenerzeugungsvorrichtung auf, um Schwaden mit der Vorrichtung selbst bedarfsweise erzeugen und zur Behandlung der Lebensmittel in den Innenraum einbringen zu können.The invention relates to a device for the thermal treatment of food under the action of steam according to the preamble of claim 1. In particular, the invention relates to such devices in the form of an oven or in the form of another baking or cooking device that is used for treating food by means of steam (steam ) is provided or suitable. In this regard, reference is also made to steam cookers by way of example only. Such devices usually have at least one interior space for the arrangement of foodstuffs to be treated, in which steam is introduced at least during a specific treatment phase. The interior of such a device is usually loaded with the food to be treated, in particular with baked goods, from one side of the device (usually from the front) by opening a door or flap. Optionally and preferably, a device according to the invention also has a steam generating device in order to be able to generate steam with the device itself as required and to be able to introduce it into the interior space for treating the food.
Aus
Aus
Aus
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von Lebensmitteln mittels Schwaden gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 derart zu verbessern, dass auch bei temporär oder permanent vorherrschenden ungünstigen Umgebungsbedingungen eine zuverlässige und energieeffiziente Entschwadung ermöglicht wird.The invention is based on the object of improving a device and a method for the thermal treatment of food by means of steam according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that reliable and energy-efficient evaporation is made possible even under temporarily or permanently prevailing unfavorable environmental conditions.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Weitere praktische Ausführungsformen und Vorteile der Erfindung sind in Verbindung mit den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.The object is achieved according to the invention with the features of the independent claims. Further practical embodiments and advantages of the invention are described in connection with the dependent claims.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Lebensmitteln unter Einwirkung von Schwaden weist mindestens einen verschließbaren Innenraum und mindestens eine von dem Innenraum in die Umgebung herausführende Schwadenabgangsleitung zum Ableiten von Schwaden aus dem Innenraum in die Umgebung auf. Dabei ist stromabwärts des Innenraums und stromaufwärts der Umgebung ein verstellbares Regelorgan zum zumindest teilweisen Verschließen der Schwadenabgangsleitung angeordnet, wobei stromabwärts des Regelorgans ein hinsichtlich der Förderleistung variabel einstellbares Gebläse angeordnet ist. Ferner ist eine Regeleinrichtung vorgesehen, welche derart ausgebildet ist, dass eine ermittelte Ist-Druckdifferenz zwischen Umgebung und Schwadenabgangsleitung ermittelt wird und abhängig von der ermittelten Ist-Druckdifferenz zumindest während einer Betriebsphase der Vorrichtung die Stellung des Regelorgans und die Förderleistung des Gebläses bedarfsweise modifizierbar sind, um eine vorgegebene Soll-Druckdifferenz zu erreichen. In der Regeleinrichtung ist zumindest während einer Betriebsphase das Regelorgan gegenüber dem Gebläse als Primärstellglied definiert.A device according to the invention for the thermal treatment of food under the action of fumes has at least one closable interior space and at least one vapor outlet line leading out from the interior space into the surroundings for diverting fumes from the interior space into the surroundings. Downstream of the interior and upstream of the environment, an adjustable control element for at least partial closure of the steam outlet line is arranged, with a fan that is variably adjustable with regard to the conveying capacity is arranged downstream of the control element. Furthermore, a control device is provided, which is designed in such a way that a determined actual pressure difference between the surroundings and the steam outlet line is determined and, depending on the determined actual pressure difference, the position of the control element and the delivery rate of the fan can be modified as required, at least during an operating phase of the device. in order to achieve a specified target pressure difference. In the control device, at least during an operating phase, the control element is defined as the primary actuator with respect to the fan.
Der Begriff "Umgebung" im Sinne der Erfindung umfasst einerseits die den Standort einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung umgebende äußere Umgebung, d.h. die Atmosphäre außerhalb eines Gebäudes. In diesem Fall kann die Schwadenabgangsleitung beispielsweise über einen Kamin mit der Atmosphäre verbunden sein, welcher dazu dient den Schwaden, insbesondere aus einer Backstube oder einem anderen Betriebsraum, in die Atmosphäre zu leiten.The term “environment” in the sense of the invention includes on the one hand the external environment surrounding the location of a device according to the invention, ie the atmosphere outside a building. In this case, the steam outlet line can be connected to the atmosphere via a chimney, for example, which serves to direct the steam into the atmosphere, in particular from a bakery or another operating room.
Darüber hinaus soll der Begriff "Umgebung" im Sinne der Erfindung auch eine die Vorrichtung umgebende, ggf. in einem Gebäude befindliche innere Umgebung umfassen. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Backstube, eine Produktionshalle oder einen sonstigen vollständig oder teilweise geschlossenen Raum handeln. In diesem Fall weist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung vorzugsweise einen Schwadenkondensator auf, oder die Schwadenabgangsleitung ist mit einem separaten Schwadenkondensator versehen. Ein Schwadenkondensator ist nach Art eines Wärmetauschers aufgebaut und ermöglicht es, aus dem Innenraum abgeführtem Schwaden durch Kondensation Feuchtigkeit zu entziehen, um die entfeuchtete Luft einer Umgebung, insbesondere einer inneren Umgebung, wieder zuführen zu können, ohne die Luftfeuchtigkeit in der Umgebung deutlich zu erhöhen. Das mittels Schwadenkondensator kondensierte Wasser kann insbesondere in einem Behälter gesammelt oder unmittelbar in einen Abwasserkanal eingeleitet werden. Die Einleitung von Schwaden in eine innere Umgebung wird häufig dann vorgesehen, wenn ein Kamin nicht vorhanden ist und/oder es aufgrund sonstiger Rahmenbedingungen nicht möglich ist, den Schwaden unmittelbar in die äußere Umgebung zu leiten.In addition, the term “environment” in the context of the invention is also intended to include an internal environment surrounding the device, possibly in a building. This can be, for example, a bakery, a production hall or some other completely or partially closed space. In this case, a device according to the invention preferably has a vapor condenser, or the vapor outlet line is provided with a separate vapor condenser. A vapor condenser is constructed like a heat exchanger and enables moisture to be extracted from vapor removed from the interior by condensation in order to be able to return the dehumidified air to an environment, in particular an internal environment, without significantly increasing the humidity in the environment. The water condensed by means of a vapor condenser can, in particular, be collected in a container or introduced directly into a sewer. The introduction of plumes into an internal environment is often provided when a chimney is not available and / or it is not possible due to other framework conditions to direct the plume directly into the external environment.
Die Regeleinrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung steht funktional in Verbindung mit geeigneten Mitteln zur Ermittlung der Ist-Druckdifferenz oder weist selbst mindestens ein geeignetes Mittel auf. Dazu können insbesondere Drucksensoren vorgesehen sein oder Mittel zu unmittelbaren Ermittlung von Druckdifferenzen. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst mit dem Regelorgan einerseits und dem zusätzlichen einstellbaren Gebläse andererseits zwei in der Schwadenabgangsleitung angeordnete Mittel, die über die Regeleinrichtung unabhängig voneinander einstellbar sind, um eine Soll-Druckdifferenz zu erreichen. Wie nachfolgend noch im Detail erläutert werden wird, ermöglicht die Erfindung damit eine energieeffiziente Entschwadung, die auch dann zuverlässig durchgeführt werden kann, wenn temporär oder dauerhaft ungünstige Umgebungsbedingungen vorherrschen. Diesbezüglich wird insbesondere auf den Einsatz erfindungsgemäßer Vorrichtungen in Verbindung mit fehlerhaft installierten oder für bestimmte Wetterlagen unzureichend dimensionierte Kamine verwiesen. Denn mittels der Regeleinrichtung kann - soweit dies aufgrund der Umgebungsbedingungen möglich ist - eine Entschwadung ausschließlich über eine Regelung mittels des Regelorgans erfolgen, während das Gebläse ausgeschaltet ist oder nur mit einer niedrigen Grund-Förderleistung betrieben wird. Sofern durch die Regeleinrichtung eine unzureichende Ist-Druckdifferenz festgestellt wird, kann die Förderleistung des Gebläses bedarfsweise erhöht werden, um eine vorgegebene Soll-Druckdifferenz zu erreichen, vorausgesetzt, die technischen Rahmenbedingungen lassen dies zu, d.h. insbesondere muss das Gebläse eine für den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall ausreichend große Maximal-Förderleistung ermöglichen.The control device of the device according to the invention is functionally connected to suitable means for determining the actual pressure difference or has at least one suitable means itself. In particular, pressure sensors or means for the direct determination of pressure differences can be provided for this purpose. The device according to the invention comprises with the control element on the one hand and the additional adjustable fan on the other hand, two means arranged in the steam outlet line, which can be set independently of one another via the control device in order to achieve a setpoint pressure difference. As will be explained in detail below, the invention thus enables energy-efficient swathing that can also be carried out reliably when temporarily or permanently unfavorable ambient conditions prevail. In this regard, particular reference is made to the use of devices according to the invention in connection with incorrectly installed or for certain weather conditions insufficiently dimensioned chimneys referred. This is because by means of the regulating device - as far as this is possible due to the ambient conditions - devolatilization can take place exclusively via regulation by means of the regulating member, while the fan is switched off or is only operated with a low basic delivery rate. If the control device detects an inadequate actual pressure difference, the flow rate of the blower can be increased if necessary in order to achieve a specified target pressure difference, provided that the technical framework conditions permit this, i.e. in particular the blower must be sufficient for the respective application enable large maximum delivery rates.
Unter einem "Regelorgan" im Sinne der Erfindung werden den wirksamen Querschnitt einer Schwadenabgangsleitung beeinflussende Regelelemente verstanden, insbesondere Regelklappen oder Schieberegler. Mit dem Regelorgan kann der wirksame Strömungsquerschnitt bedarfsweise in der Schwadenabgangsleitung verringert oder vergrößert werden, insbesondere durch Verschwenken, Verschieben und/oder eine sonstige Betätigung, um das Regelorgan in eine gewünschte Stellung zu bringen. Für die Betätigung mittels der Regeleinrichtung sind üblicherweise geeignete Antriebsvorrichtungen vorgesehen, insbesondere Stellmotoren.A “regulating member” in the context of the invention is understood to mean regulating elements that influence the effective cross section of a steam outlet line, in particular regulating flaps or slide regulators. With the regulating element, the effective flow cross-section in the vapor outlet line can be reduced or enlarged as required, in particular by pivoting, shifting and / or other actuation, in order to bring the regulating element into a desired position. Suitable drive devices, in particular servomotors, are usually provided for actuation by means of the control device.
Mit dem Begriff "Betriebsphase" ist insbesondere ein Entschwadungsvorgang gemeint. Wie bereits erwähnt, ist es für Entschwadungsvorgänge vorteilhaft, wenn in der Schwadenabgangsleitung ein möglichst konstanter Unterdruck vorherrscht, um ein möglichst gleichmäßiges Abführen des Schwadens aus dem Innenraum zu erreichen und so die Produktqualität der mittels Schwaden behandelten Lebensmittel positiv zu beeinflussen.The term "operating phase" means, in particular, a discharge process. As already mentioned, it is advantageous for evaporation processes if there is as constant a negative pressure as possible in the steam outlet line in order to achieve the most even possible evacuation of the steam from the interior and thus to positively influence the product quality of the food treated by the steam.
Der Vollständigkeit halber wird darauf hingewiesen, dass eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung für beliebige andere Betriebsphasen vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden kann, insbesondere für solche Betriebsphasen, in welchen eine bestimmte Soll-Druckdifferenz gehalten oder ein bestimmter Soll-Druckdifferenzverlauf erzielt werden soll.For the sake of completeness, it is pointed out that a device according to the invention can advantageously be used for any other operating phases, in particular for those operating phases in which a certain target pressure difference is to be maintained or a certain target pressure difference curve is to be achieved.
Zusammenfassend kann festgehalten werden, dass mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung auch bei temporär oder dauerhaft ungünstigen Umgebungsbedingungen, wie beispielsweise einem nicht ausreichend funktionierenden Kamin oder einem im Vergleich zu dem Innenraum der Vorrichtung zu hohen Umgebungsdruck in einer Backstube oder einer sonstigen Betriebsstätte, eine zuverlässige und gleichzeitig energieeffiziente Entschwadung erfolgen kann. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass standort-, wetter- und weitestgehend auch infrastrukturunabhängig eine gleichmäßige Entschwadung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erzielt werden kann. In Verbindung mit Backöfen trägt eine gleichmäßige Entschwadung vor allem zu einem verbesserten Backergebnis bei, insbesondere durch eine gleichmäßige Bräune, einen gleichmäßigen Glanz der Produkte und/oder eine erwünschte Rösche.In summary, it can be stated that with a device according to the invention, even with temporarily or permanently unfavorable environmental conditions, such as an insufficiently functioning fireplace or an ambient pressure that is too high in comparison to the interior of the device in a bakery or other operating facility, a reliable and at the same time energy-efficient Discharge can take place. This has the advantage that the device according to the invention can be used to achieve uniform swathing regardless of the location, weather and, to the greatest possible extent, infrastructure. In connection with baking ovens, even steam extraction contributes above all to an improved baking result, in particular through an even browning, an even shine of the products and / or a desired crispness.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist besonders energieeffizient, da in der Regeleinrichtung zumindest während einer Betriebsphase das Regelorgan gegenüber dem Gebläse als Primärstellglied definiert ist. Damit ist gemeint, dass die Regeleinrichtung bei ersten Abweichungen der Ist-Druckdifferenz von der Soll-Druckdifferenz nach unten (d.h. zu niedrige Ist-Druckdifferenz) zunächst - zumindest bis zu einer bestimmten Stellung des Regelorgans, vorzugsweise bis zu einem vollständigen Öffnen oder Schließen des Regelorgangs - durch Betätigung des Regelorgans versucht, die Soll-Druckdifferenz zu erreichen. Das Regelorgan ist insoweit das Primärstellglied.A device according to the invention is particularly energy-efficient, since in the control device, at least during an operating phase, the control element is defined as the primary actuator relative to the fan. This means that when the actual pressure difference first deviates from the target pressure difference downwards (i.e. actual pressure difference that is too low), the control device initially - at least up to a certain position of the control element, preferably until the control element is fully opened or closed - tries to reach the target pressure difference by actuating the control element. To this extent, the control element is the primary actuator.
Erst wenn die Regeleinrichtung feststellt, dass trotz Erreichen einer Grenzstellung (beispielsweise vollständig geöffnete Stellung des Regelorgans) keine Ist-Druckdifferenz erzielbar ist, die der Soll-Druckdifferenz entspricht, beginnt die Regeleinrichtung die Förderleistung des variabel einstellbaren Gebläses zu erhöhen, um die Soll-Druckdifferenz zu erreichen. Tatsächlich kann die Soll-Druckdifferenz nur erreicht werden, wenn die maximale Förderleistung des Gebläses ausreichend groß ist. Genügt die maximale Förderleistung des Gebläses nicht, wird das Gebläse so lange bei maximaler Förderleistung betrieben, bis die Betriebsphase abgeschlossen ist oder die Soll-Druckdifferenz erreicht wurde. Die Regelung der Förderleistung des Gebläses ist insoweit das Sekundärstellglied.Only when the control device determines that, despite reaching a limit position (for example fully open position of the control element), no actual pressure difference can be achieved that corresponds to the target pressure difference, does the control device begin to increase the delivery rate of the variably adjustable fan in order to increase the target pressure difference to reach. Indeed the target pressure difference can only be achieved if the maximum flow rate of the fan is sufficiently high. If the maximum flow rate of the blower is not sufficient, the blower will be operated at maximum flow rate until the operating phase has been completed or the set pressure difference has been reached. The regulation of the delivery rate of the blower is insofar the secondary control element.
Umgekehrt zu dem vorstehend beschriebenen Regelungsbeispiel betreffend die Regelung bei einer zu niedrigen Ist-Druckdifferenz umfasst die Definition von Primärstellglied und Sekundärstellglied auch, dass bei Ermittlung einer zu hohen Ist-Druckdifferenz gegenüber der Soll-Druckdifferenz zunächst die Förderleistung des variabel einstellbaren Gebläses bis auf einen definierten Minimumwert (dieser kann bei "null" liegen und somit einem ausgeschalteten Gebläse entsprechen) abgesenkt wird, bevor - wenn nach Erreichen des Minimalwertes weiterer Reduzierungsbedarf besteht - durch zunehmendes Schließen des Regelorgans die Ist-Druckdifferenz weiter reduziert wird, bis sie der Soll-Druckdifferenz entspricht.Conversely to the control example described above relating to the control when the actual pressure difference is too low, the definition of the primary control element and the secondary control element also includes that when an actual pressure difference is determined that is too high compared to the target pressure difference, the delivery rate of the variably adjustable fan is initially up to a defined value Minimum value (this can be at "zero" and thus correspond to a switched-off blower) before - if there is a need for further reduction after reaching the minimum value - the actual pressure difference is further reduced by increasing the closing of the control element until it corresponds to the set pressure difference .
In einer praktischen Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung weist die Regeleinrichtung einen Drucksensor auf, mittels welchem die Ist-Druckdifferenz zwischen Schwadenabgangsleitung und der Umgebung bzw. zwischen dem Innenraum der Vorrichtung und der Umgebung unmittelbar bestimmbar ist. Im Allgemeinen kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass der Druck in der Schwadenabgangsleitung während eines Entschwadungsvorgangs dem Druck im Innenraum der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung entspricht, aus welchem gerade Schwaden abgeleitet wird. Aus Zugänglichkeits- und Platzgründen ist es insoweit bevorzugt, einen Drucksensor im Bereich der Schwadenabgangsleitung anzuordnen und einen weiteren Drucksensor im Bereich der Umgebung anzuordnen, um die Ist-Druckdifferenz zu bestimmen. Dabei kann - auch bei Ableitung des Schwadens mittels Kamin in die äußere Umgebung - im Regelfall als Atmosphärendruck ein ermittelter Druck der inneren Umgebung als Basis verwendet werden. Hinsichtlich der Möglichkeiten, die Ist-Druckdifferenz zu ermitteln, wird auch vollumfänglich auf das in der Beschreibungseinleitung genannte Dokument
Die Anordnung eines Drucksensors in der Schwadenabgangsleitung zur Ermittlung des Drucks in dem Innenraum hat neben den bereits erwähnten Vorteilen auch den weiteren Vorteil, dass der Drucksensor für Montage- und Wartungszwecke gut zugänglich ist, da er außerhalb des Innenraums der Vorrichtung angeordnet ist.The arrangement of a pressure sensor in the vapor outlet line to determine the pressure in the interior has the advantage, in addition to the advantages already mentioned, that the pressure sensor is easily accessible for assembly and maintenance purposes, since it is arranged outside the interior of the device.
Insbesondere bei erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen mit mehreren Innenraumkammern, auf welche nachfolgend noch eingegangen werden wird, kann es bevorzugt sein, mittels in den Innenraumkammern angeordneten Drucksensoren den tatsächlichen Druck in einzelnen Kammern zu ermitteln.In particular in the case of devices according to the invention with several interior chambers, which will be discussed below, it may be preferred to determine the actual pressure in individual chambers by means of pressure sensors arranged in the interior chambers.
In einer weiteren praktischen Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist die Soll-Druckdifferenz auf einen Wert oder einen Wertebereich zwischen 5 Pa und 15 Pa festgelegt. Bevorzugt liegt der Wertebereich zwischen 8 Pa und 12 Pa, besonders bevorzugt bei ungefähr 10 Pa, das heißt innerhalb eines Wertebereichs von 10 Pa ± 0,5 Pa. Wie bereits erwähnt, sind die vorstehend angegebenen Werte so zu verstehen, dass ein Unterdruck in der Schwadenabgangsleitung gegenüber der jeweiligen Umgebung erwünscht ist, d.h. wenn der Druck der Schwadenabgangsleitung gegenüber der Umgebung (Atmosphäre oder innere Umgebung) gemessen wird, sind die Soll-Druckdifferenzwerte entsprechend negativ, im umgekehrten Fall positiv. Erfahrungsgemäß wird mit einem Entschwadungsvorgang bei den vorstehend genannten Unterdruckwerten ein besonders positives und vor allem gleichmäßiges Behandlungsergebnis erzielt, insbesondere eine gleichmäßige Bräune von zu behandelnden Backwaren.In a further practical embodiment of a device according to the invention, the target pressure difference is set to a value or a value range between 5 Pa and 15 Pa. The value range is preferably between 8 Pa and 12 Pa, particularly preferably around 10 Pa, that is to say within a value range of 10 Pa ± 0.5 Pa. As already mentioned, the values given above are to be understood in such a way that a negative pressure in the steam outlet line compared to the respective environment is desired, i.e. if the pressure of the steam outlet line compared to the environment (atmosphere or internal environment) is measured, the setpoint pressure difference values are corresponding negative, in the opposite case positive. Experience has shown that a particularly positive and, above all, uniform treatment result is achieved with a vapor removal process at the aforementioned negative pressure values, in particular a uniform browning of baked goods to be treated.
Alternativ oder in Ergänzung zu den vorstehend genannten Wertebereichsangaben hat es sich in der Praxis als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn in der Regeleinrichtung eine Regeltoleranz von nicht mehr als ± 10% Abweichung von der Soll-Druckdifferenz eingestellt ist. Damit ist gemeint, dass eine Veränderung des Regelorgans und/oder des einstellbaren Gebläses erst und nur dann erfolgt, wenn die gemessene Ist-Druckdifferenz von der Soll-Druckdifferenz mindestens um den genannten prozentualen Betrag abweicht.As an alternative or in addition to the above-mentioned value range specifications, it has proven advantageous in practice if in the control device has set a control tolerance of no more than ± 10% deviation from the target pressure difference. This means that a change in the regulating element and / or the adjustable fan only takes place if the measured actual pressure difference deviates from the setpoint pressure difference by at least the stated percentage.
Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn die eingestellte Abweichung als Regelbereich für das erste Stellglied insoweit genutzt wird, als erst bei Verlassen der Regeltoleranz das zweite Stellglied betätigt wird. Bei einer eingestellten Soll-Druckdifferenz von 10 Pa und einer definierten Abweichung von ± 10% (Regeltoleranz) würde in diesem Fall mittels des Regelorgans stets versucht, die Ist-Druckdifferenz auf 10 Pa zu halten. Erst wenn eine zu niedrige Druckdifferenz außerhalb der Regeltoleranz von 9 Pa erreicht würde, würde die Förderleistung des zweiten Stellgliedes (Gebläse) erhöht, um den Bereich der Regeltoleranz möglichst nicht zu verlassen, soweit es die maximale Förderleistung ermöglicht.It is particularly preferred if the set deviation is used as a control range for the first actuator to the extent that the second actuator is only actuated when the control tolerance is left. With a set target pressure difference of 10 Pa and a defined deviation of ± 10% (control tolerance), in this case the control element would always try to keep the actual pressure difference at 10 Pa. Only if too low a pressure difference outside the control tolerance of 9 Pa were reached would the delivery rate of the second actuator (fan) be increased in order not to leave the range of the control tolerance as far as possible, provided the maximum delivery rate allows.
Um den Energieverbrauch der Vorrichtung besonders gering zu halten, kann in einem Eco-Modus festgelegt sein, dass bei erhöhter Förderleistung des Gebläses die Soll-Druckdifferenz auf die Untergrenze der Regeltoleranz gesetzt wird, d.h. im oben genannten Beispiel auf 9 Pa.In order to keep the energy consumption of the device particularly low, it can be specified in an eco mode that the target pressure difference is set to the lower limit of the control tolerance, i.e. in the above example to 9 Pa, when the blower has an increased flow rate.
Um ein möglichst gleichmäßiges Behandlungsergebnis, insbesondere Backergebnis zu erzielen, ist es besonders bevorzugt, wenn in der Regeleinrichtung eine Regeltoleranz von nicht mehr als ± 7% und besonders bevorzugt von ± 5% eingestellt ist.In order to achieve a treatment result that is as uniform as possible, in particular a baking result, it is particularly preferred if a control tolerance of not more than ± 7% and particularly preferably of ± 5% is set in the control device.
Wie eingangs bereits erwähnt, kann die Regeleinrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung so konfiguriert sein, dass sie nur während einer oder mehrerer bestimmter Betriebsphasen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung aktiv ist, beispielsweise nur während eines Entschwadungsvorgangs. Wenn es sich bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung um einen Backofen handelt und der Backofen mit bestimmten Backprogrammen ausgestattet ist, beispielsweise einem Backprogramm zum Ausbacken von Brötchen, kann in dem Backprogramm selbst vorgegeben sein, nach welcher Zeit ab Start des Backprogramms die Regeleinrichtung aktiv sein muss. In solchen Fällen genügt es, wenn in einer allgemeinen Steuerung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung entsprechende Programmiervorgaben implementiert sind, so dass die Regelungseinrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung auf der Grundlage eines gewählten Behandlungsprogramm und darin enthaltenen Zeitvorgaben die Regeleinrichtung aktiviert und deaktiviert.As already mentioned at the outset, the control device of a device according to the invention can be configured in such a way that it is only active during one or more specific operating phases of the device according to the invention, for example only during a discharge process. When a device according to the invention is an oven and the oven is equipped with certain baking programs, for example a baking program for baking bread rolls, the baking program itself can specify the time after which the control device must be active from the start of the baking program. In such cases, it is sufficient if corresponding programming specifications are implemented in a general control of the device according to the invention, so that the control device of a device according to the invention activates and deactivates the control device on the basis of a selected treatment program and the time specifications contained therein.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann auch im Wege der Nachrüstung einer existierenden Vorrichtung hergestellt werden, insbesondere durch Nachrüstung eines Backofens. In diesem Fall kann eine Umprogrammierung oder ein Austausch einer allgemeinen Steuerung aus wirtschaftlichen oder technischen Gründen nicht sinnvoll oder unmöglich sein. Für solche Fälle ist es bevorzugt, wenn eine Beschwadungserkennungsvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, mittels welcher der Beginn eines Beschwadungsvorgangs unabhängig von der allgemeinen Steuerung der Vorrichtung detektierbar ist. Diesbezüglich wird insbesondere auf die Möglichkeit verwiesen, durch Verwendung von mindestens einem Drucksensor anhand einer zeitlich begrenzt auftretenden, markanten Druckerhöhung im Innenraum einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung den Beginn eines Beschwadungsvorgangs zu detektieren. Beispielsweise kann bei bestimmten Backvorgängen bei einer ersten detektierten Druckerhöhung von mindestens 50 Pa davon ausgegangen werden, dass ein Beschwadungsvorgang begonnen hat. Die minimale Druckerhöhung kann auch niedriger oder höher festgelegt werden, beispielsweise auf mindestens 30 Pa, mindestens 60 Pa oder mindestens 70 Pa. Ausgehend von einem derart detektierten Beginn eines Beschwadungsvorgangs kann diese Information kombiniert werden mit einer durch eine Bedienperson eingestellten Schwaden-Einwirkzeit, so dass durch Verwendung einer Zeitschaltuhr eine Start-Regelzeit zur Entschwadung ermittelt und festgelegt werden kann. In solchen Fällen ist es dementsprechend bevorzugt, einen Drucksensor unmittelbar im Innenraum eines Backofens zu installieren, um diesen für eine druckbasierte Beschwadungserkennungsvorrichtung nutzen zu können. Ein derartiger Drucksensor ist vorzugsweise auch zumindest insoweit mit der Regeleinrichtung gekoppelt, als die Regeleinrichtung in Verbindung mit der Beschwadungserkennungsvorrichtung ein Signal betreffend die Start-Regelzeit erhält.A device according to the invention can also be produced by retrofitting an existing device, in particular by retrofitting an oven. In this case, reprogramming or replacing a general control system may not be sensible or impossible for economic or technical reasons. For such cases it is preferred if a steaming detection device is provided, by means of which the start of a steaming process can be detected independently of the general control of the device. In this regard, reference is made in particular to the possibility of using at least one pressure sensor to detect the start of a humidification process on the basis of a time-limited, distinctive pressure increase in the interior of a device according to the invention. For example, in the case of certain baking processes, given a first detected pressure increase of at least 50 Pa, it can be assumed that a steaming process has started. The minimum pressure increase can also be set lower or higher, for example at least 30 Pa, at least 60 Pa or at least 70 Pa. Based on a beginning of a steaming process detected in this way, this information can be combined with a steam exposure time set by an operator so that a start control time for steaming can be determined and determined by using a timer. In such cases, it is accordingly preferred to place a pressure sensor directly in the interior of an oven in order to be able to use it for a pressure-based moisture detection device. Such a pressure sensor is preferably also coupled to the control device at least insofar as the control device receives a signal relating to the start control time in connection with the humidification detection device.
Unter Bezugnahme auf die vorstehend beschriebene Variante mit Verwendung eines Schwadenkondensators in der Schwadenabgangsleitung ist es bevorzugt, wenn der Schwadenkondensator in der Schwadenabgangsleitung stromaufwärts des Regelorgans angeordnet ist. Dabei ist weiter bevorzugt stromaufwärts des Schwadenkondensators ein Drucksensor angeordnet. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Saugwirkung eines stromabwärts des Schwadenkondensators angeordneten Gebläses für die Förderung von Schwaden durch den Schwadenkondensator mitgenutzt werden kann. Darüber hinaus hat die Anordnung eines Schwadenkondensators den bereits erwähnten Vorteil, dass die Luftfeuchtigkeit von in eine innere Umgebung eingeleiteter Luft mithilfe des Schwadenkondensators signifikant reduziert werden kann, was nicht nur vorteilhaft bezüglich des Raumklimas und der Arbeitsbedingungen ist, sondern häufig auch zwingend erforderlich ist, um nicht andere Lebensmittel in der inneren Umgebung (Backstube, Produktionshalle oder dergleichen) aufgrund einer sich plötzlich erhöhenden Luftfeuchtigkeit zu beeinträchtigen.With reference to the variant described above with the use of a vapor condenser in the vapor outlet line, it is preferred if the vapor condenser is arranged in the vapor outlet line upstream of the control element. In this case, a pressure sensor is further preferably arranged upstream of the vapor condenser. This has the advantage that the suction effect of a fan arranged downstream of the vapor condenser can also be used for conveying vapor through the vapor condenser. In addition, the arrangement of a vapor condenser has the advantage already mentioned that the humidity of air introduced into an internal environment can be significantly reduced with the aid of the vapor condenser, which is not only advantageous with regard to the indoor climate and working conditions, but is often also essential in order to not to impair other food in the internal environment (bakery, production hall or the like) due to a sudden increase in humidity.
In einer weiteren praktischen Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung weist diese zusätzlich eine Dunstabzugsvorrichtung zum Absaugen von aus dem Innenraum austretender Luft auf, wobei die Dunstabzugsvorrichtung eine Dunstabzugsleitung umfasst, die an einer Mündungsstelle mit der Schwadenabgangsleitung zusammengeführt ist. Mit dem Begriff "Dunstabzugsvorrichtung" sind insbesondere haubenartige Vorrichtungen gemeint, welche im Bereich einer Beschickungsöffnung angeordnet sind. Diesbezüglich wird insbesondere auf Dunstabzugshauben verwiesen, welche oberhalb einer Beschickungsöffnung (z.B. Backofentür oder Backofenklappe) angeordnet ist. Von dem Begriff umfasst sind auch andere Dunstabzugsöffnungen, beispielsweise solche, die seitlich und/oder unterhalb einer entsprechenden Beschickungsöffnung angeordnet sind.In a further practical embodiment of a device according to the invention, it also has an extractor device for sucking off air exiting from the interior, the extractor device comprising an extractor duct which is merged with the vapor outlet duct at an opening. The term "extractor device" means in particular hood-like devices which are arranged in the area of a loading opening. In this regard, reference is made in particular to extractor hoods, which are arranged above a loading opening (for example oven door or oven flap). The term also includes others Extractor openings, for example those that are arranged laterally and / or below a corresponding loading opening.
Wenn eine Dunstabzugsleitung an einer Mündungsstelle mit einer Schwadenabgangsleitung zusammengeführt ist, führt vorzugsweise die Schwadenabgangsleitung ohne oder mit nur geringer Richtungsänderung der Hauptströmungsrichtung in eine gemeinsame Ausgangsleitung, die sich stromabwärts der Mündungsstelle anschließt und dann gemeinsame Schwadenabgangsleitung und Dunstabzugsleitung ist. Mit "nur geringer Richtungsänderung" sind Richtungsänderungen der Schwadenabgangsleitung im Bereich der Mündungsstelle von maximal 30°, vorzugsweise maximal 15° umfasst. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass eine Schwadenströmung während des Entschwadungsvorgangs, insbesondere bei vollständig geöffnetem Regelorgan, weitestgehend ungehindert und mit nur geringen Strömungsverlusten die Mündungsstelle passieren kann. In diesem Fall können sowohl das Regelorgan als auch das Gebläse so angeordnet werden, dass diese für beide Leitungen genutzt werden können.If a fume extraction line is brought together at an outlet point with a steam outlet line, the steam outlet line preferably leads with little or no change in direction of the main flow direction into a common outlet line, which is connected downstream of the outlet point and is then common steam outlet line and fume extraction pipe. "Only a slight change in direction" includes changes in direction of the vapor outlet line in the area of the mouth of a maximum of 30 °, preferably a maximum of 15 °. This has the advantage that a vapor flow can pass the opening point largely unhindered and with only slight flow losses during the evaporation process, especially when the control element is fully open. In this case, both the regulating element and the fan can be arranged so that they can be used for both lines.
In einer weiteren praktischen Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist das Regelorgan in der Mündungsstelle selbst angeordnet. Eine derartige Anordnung hat den Vorteil, dass das Regelorgan sowohl zur Veränderung des wirksamen Strömungsquerschnitts im Bereich der Schwadenabgangsleitung, als auch im Bereich der Dunstabzugsleitung genutzt werden kann. Diesbezüglich wird vor allem auf die Möglichkeit verwiesen, eine um eine feste Drehachse schwenkbare Klappe zu verwenden, die sowohl in den Strömungsquerschnitt der Schwadenabgangsleitung, als auch in den Strömungsquerschnitt der Dunstabzugsleitung verfahrbar ist. Dazu kann beispielsweise die Drehachse in einem mittleren Bereich zwischen der Schwadenabgangsleitung und der Dunstabzugsleitung angeordnet sein, insbesondere im Bereich eines zwischen der Dunstabzugsleitung und der Schwadenabgangsleitung angeordneten Mittelsteges.In a further practical embodiment of a device according to the invention, the control element is arranged in the orifice itself. Such an arrangement has the advantage that the regulating element can be used both to change the effective flow cross-section in the area of the vapor outlet line and in the area of the extractor line. In this regard, reference is primarily made to the possibility of using a flap which can be pivoted about a fixed axis of rotation and which can be moved both in the flow cross-section of the steam outlet line and in the flow cross-section of the extractor line. For this purpose, for example, the axis of rotation can be arranged in a central area between the steam outlet line and the fume extraction line, in particular in the area of a central web arranged between the fume extraction line and the steam outlet line.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist nicht auf Vorrichtungen mit einem Innenraum beschränkt, sondern erstreckt sich auch auf Vorrichtungen mit mehreren, voneinander separierten Innenraumkammern, wobei an mindestens einer Kammer ein separates, zu der Schwadenabgangsleitung führendes Kammerregelorgan angeordnet ist, welches bedarfsweise geöffnet werden kann, um Schwaden aus der Innenraumkammer zu der Schwadenabgangsleitung strömen lassen zu können. Bei den Innenraumkammern kann es sich insbesondere um mehrere, nebeneinander und/oder übereinander angeordnete Herde eines Backofens handeln, beispielsweise eines Etagenbackofens.The device according to the invention is not limited to devices with an interior space, but also extends to devices with several interior chambers separated from one another, with a separate chamber control element leading to the steam outlet line being arranged on at least one chamber, which chamber control element can be opened if necessary to extract steam to allow the interior chamber to flow to the steam outlet line. The interior chambers can in particular be several cookers of an oven, for example a deck oven, arranged next to one another and / or one above the other.
Als Kammerregelorgan kann insbesondere eine sogenannte Schwadenklappe dienen. Es sind jedoch auch andere geeignete Kammerregelorgane verwendbar. Vorzugsweise ist an jeder Kammer einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit mehreren, voneinander separierten Innenraumkammern ein separates zu der Schwadenabgangsleitung führendes Kammerregelorgan angeordnet, welches bedarfsweise geöffnet werden kann. Das mindestens eine oder alle Kammerregelorgane einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung können zusätzlich zu dem in der Schwadenabgangsleitung angeordneten Regelorgan ebenfalls druckabhängig einstellbar sein, insbesondere um bei einer gleichzeitigen Entschwadung aus mehreren Innenraumkammern für jede Kammer unabhängig voneinander eine vorgegebene Soll-Druckdifferenz einhalten zu können. Die jeweiligen Kammerregelorgane können in diesem Fall als drittes Stellglied eingesetzt werden, um bei gleichzeitiger Entschwadung mehrerer Innenraumkammern für jede Kammer einen Soll-Differenzdruck regeln zu können. In diesem Fall ist es allerdings erforderlich, dass in jeder Innenraumkammer der Vorrichtung, die für eine gleichzeitige Entschwadung mit anderen Innenraumkammern geeignet sein soll, ein separater Drucksensor angeordnet ist, um etwaige Druckunterschiede in einzelnen Innenraumkammern erfassen und diese bei der Stellung der Kammerregelorgane berücksichtigen zu können.A so-called steam flap can in particular serve as the chamber control element. However, other suitable chamber regulating organs can also be used. Preferably, a separate chamber regulating member leading to the steam outlet line is arranged on each chamber of a device according to the invention with several interior chambers separated from one another, which chamber regulating member can be opened if necessary. The at least one or all of the chamber regulating elements of a device according to the invention can, in addition to the regulating element arranged in the steam outlet line, also be adjustable as a function of pressure, in particular in order to be able to maintain a predetermined target pressure difference for each chamber independently of one another in the case of simultaneous evaporation from several interior chambers. In this case, the respective chamber regulating elements can be used as a third actuator in order to be able to regulate a target differential pressure for each chamber while simultaneously venting several interior chambers. In this case, however, it is necessary that a separate pressure sensor is arranged in each interior chamber of the device, which should be suitable for simultaneous evaporation with other interior chambers, in order to be able to detect any pressure differences in individual interior chambers and to be able to take them into account when setting the chamber control elements .
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Lebensmitteln mittels Schwaden, wobei die Vorrichtung mindestens einen verschließbaren Innenraum und mindestens eine von dem Innenraum in die Umgebung herausführende Schwadenabgangsleitung zum Ableiten von Schwaden aus dem Innenraum in die Umgebung aufweist, wobei stromabwärts des Innenraums und stromaufwärts der Umgebung ein verstellbares Regelorgan zum zumindest teilweisen Verschließen der Schwadenabgangsleitung angeordnet ist, wobei stromabwärts des Regelorgans ein hinsichtlich der Förderleistung variabel einstellbares Gebläse angeordnet ist und wobei eine Regeleinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Dabei ist die Regeleinrichtung dazu ausgebildet, eine Ist-Druckdifferenz zwischen Umgebung und Schwadenabgangsleitung zu ermitteln und abhängig von der ermittelten Ist-Druckdifferenz zumindest während einer Betriebsphase der Vorrichtung eine Soll-Druckdifferenz durch folgende Verfahrensschritte zu erreichen:
- a) Betreiben des Gebläses mit einer vorgegebenen Minimum-Förderleistung (diese kann einem ausgeschalteten Gebläse entsprechen, oder es kann eine Grund-Förderleistung eingestellt sein)
- b) Ermittlung der Ist-Druckdifferenz und Vergleich mit der Soll-Druckdifferenz,
- c) Weicht die Ist-Druckdifferenz von der Soll-Druckdifferenz nach unten ab (d.h. die Ist-Druckdifferenz ist zu niedrig), wird zunächst ausschließlich durch Betätigung des Regelorgangs (Primärstellglied) versucht, die Soll-Druckdifferenz zu erreichen,
- d) Erreicht das Regelorgan eine vorgegebene Maximum-Stellung (insbesondere eine weitestgehend oder vollständig geöffnete Stellung) und weicht die Druckdifferenz noch immer von der Soll-Druckdifferenz nach unten ab (d.h. die Ist-Druckdifferenz ist zu niedrig), wird die Förderleistung des Gebläses bedarfsweise so weit erhöht, bis die Soll-Druckdifferenz oder die maximale Förderleistung erreicht ist
- e) Weicht die Ist-Druckdifferenz nach oben von der Soll-Druckdifferenz ab, wird zunächst die Förderleistung des Gebläses bis auf eine vorgegebene Minimum-Förderleistung reduziert; weicht die Ist-Druckdifferenz dann immer noch nach oben von der Soll-Druckdifferenz ab, wird die Ist-Druckdifferenz weiter durch Betätigung des Regelorgans reduziert, bis die Soll-Druckdifferenz erreicht ist.
- a) Operation of the fan with a specified minimum delivery rate (this can correspond to a switched-off fan, or a basic delivery rate can be set)
- b) Determination of the actual pressure difference and comparison with the target pressure difference,
- c) If the actual pressure difference deviates downwards from the set pressure difference (i.e. the actual pressure difference is too low), an attempt is initially made to achieve the set pressure difference exclusively by actuating the control mechanism (primary actuator),
- d) If the control element reaches a predetermined maximum position (in particular a largely or completely open position) and the pressure difference still deviates downwards from the target pressure difference (i.e. the actual pressure difference is too low), the flow rate of the fan is increased as required increased until the target pressure difference or the maximum delivery rate is reached
- e) If the actual pressure difference deviates upwards from the target pressure difference, the delivery rate of the fan is first reduced to a predetermined minimum delivery rate; If the actual pressure difference then still deviates upwards from the set pressure difference, the actual pressure difference is further reduced by actuating the regulating member until the set pressure difference is reached.
Weitere praktische Ausführungsformen und Vorteile der Erfindung sind nachfolgend im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Schwadenabgangsleitung und eine Dunstabzugsleitung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 2
- eine Schwadenabgangsleitung und eine Dunstabzugsleitung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einer zweiten Vorrichtungsform sowie
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung in Form eines Backofens mit mehreren, übereinander angeordneten Innenraumkammern, die rückseitig zu einem Schwadenabgangskanal führen.
- Fig. 1
- a steam outlet line and an extractor line of a device according to the invention in a first embodiment;
- Fig. 2
- a steam outlet line and a fume extraction line of a device according to the invention in a second device form as well
- Fig. 3
- a schematic representation of a device in the form of an oven with several interior chambers arranged one above the other, which lead to a steam outlet channel on the back.
In
Wie in
In der Mündungsstelle 14 selbst ist als Regelorgan 20 eine Regelklappe 22 angeordnet. Das Regelorgan 20 ist um eine Drehachse 30 verschwenkbar, wobei die Drehachse 30 im Bereich des Mittelsteges zwischen der Schwadenabgangsleitung 10 und der Dunstabzugsleitung 12 im Bereich der Mündungsstelle 14 angeordnet ist. Mit der durchgezogenen Linie ist das Regelorgan 20 bzw. die Regelklappe in einer neutralen Mittelstellung (Stellung 1) gezeigt. Das Regelorgan 20 kann durch Verschwenken um die Drehachse 30 den Strömungsquerschnitt der Dunstabzugsleitung 12 oder der Schwadenabgangsleitung 10 bedarfsweise verschließen.A control flap 22 is arranged as a control element 20 in the
Mit einer gestrichelten Linie und einer gepunkteten Linie sind beispielhaft eine Stellung 2 des Regelorgans 20a bzw. der Regelklappe 22a sowie eine Stellung 3 des Regelorgangs 20b bzw. der Regelklappe 22b dargestellt.A position 2 of the regulating
In Stellung 2 ist der Strömungsquerschnitt der Schwadenabgangsleitung 10 vollständig verschlossen und der Strömungsquerschnitt der Dunstabzugsleitung 12 vollständig geöffnet. In Stellung 3 ist der Strömungsquerschnitt der Schwadenabgangsleitung 10 vollständig geöffnet und der Strömungsquerschnitt der Dunstabzugsleitung 12 vollständig geschlossen.In position 2, the flow cross section of the
Stromabwärts der Mündungsstelle 14 ist ein Gebläse 24 angeordnet. Seitens einer nicht dargestellten Steuereinrichtung ist das Regelorgan 20 als Primärstellglied definiert und das Gebläse 24 als Sekundärstellglied, d.h. die Steuereinrichtung ist stets bestrebt, soweit es durch Wahl einer der möglichen Stellungen des Regelorgans 20 möglich ist, eine Ist-Druckdifferenz einzuregeln, die der Soll-Druckdifferenz entspricht. Nur wenn dies nicht gelingt, beispielsweise weil das Regelorgan 20 bereits vollständig geöffnet ist und die Druckdifferenz noch zu gering ist, wird die Förderleistung des Gebläses 24 ausgehend von einer Grundstellung erhöht. Das Gebläse 24 kann in der Grundstellung ausgeschaltet und auf eine Minimum-Förderleistung eingestellt sein.A
Bei der in
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die beschriebenen Ausführungsformen beschränkt. Sie kann im Rahmen der Ansprüche variiert werden.The invention is not restricted to the embodiments described. It can be varied within the scope of the claims.
Diesbezüglich wird insbesondere darauf verwiesen, dass unabhängig von dem in der Figurenbeschreibung skizzierten Gebläse 24 auch andere geeignete Vorrichtungen eingesetzt werden können, insbesondere Radial- und/oder Axiallüfter, Querstromgebläse oder sonstige Gebläsevorrichtungen. Mit dem Begriff Gebläse sollen vorliegend jegliche Vorrichtungen umfasst sein, die geeignet sind, einen Luftstrom und insbesondere Entschwadungsluftstrom anzutreiben.In this regard, reference is made in particular to the fact that, independently of the
Ferner wird darauf hingewiesen, dass eine Regeleinrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ein geeignetes Regelglied aufweisen kann, insbesondere einen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Regler.It is also pointed out that a control device of a device according to the invention can have a suitable control element, in particular a controller known from the prior art.
- 1010
- SchwadenabgangsleitungSteam outlet pipe
- 1212
- DunstabzugsleitungExtractor duct
- 1414th
- MündungsstelleMouth point
- 1616
- AusgangsleitungOutput line
- 1818th
- DrucksensorPressure sensor
- 2020th
- Regelorgan in einer Stellung 1Control organ in one position 1
- 20a20a
- Regelorgan in einer Stellung 2Control organ in one position 2
- 20b20b
- Regelorgan in einer Stellung 3Control organ in one position 3
- 2222nd
- Regelklappe Regelorgan in einer Stellung 1Control flap Control element in one position 1
- 20a20a
- Regelklappe in einer Stellung 2Control flap in one position 2
- 20b20b
- Regelklappe in einer Stellung 3Control flap in one position 3
- 2424
- Gebläsefan
- 2626th
- SchwadenkondensatorVapor condenser
- 2828
- UmgebungSurroundings
- 3030th
- DrehachseAxis of rotation
- 3232
- EtagenbackofenDeck oven
- 34a, 34b, 34c34a, 34b, 34c
- Herdstove
- 36a, 36b, 36c36a, 36b, 36c
- InnenraumkammerInterior chamber
- 3838
- KammerorganChamber organ
- 4040
- SchwadenklappeSwath flap
- DD.
- Strömungsrichtung DunstDirection of flow haze
- SS.
- Strömungsrichtung SchwadenDirection of flow swath
Claims (9)
- A device for the thermal treatment of food involving cooking vapours with at least one closable inner space and at least one cooking vapour discharge line (10) leading out of the inner space to the environment for discharging cooking vapours from the inner space to the environment (28), wherein an adjustable control element (20) for closing the cooking vapour discharge line (10) at least partially is arranged downstream of the inner space and upstream of the environment (28), wherein a fan (24) which is variably adjustable with regard to the discharge capacity is arranged downstream of the control element (20), wherein a control device which is adapted to determine an actual pressure difference between the environment (28) and the cooking vapour discharge line (10) and to modify, as required, the position of the control element (20) and the discharge capacity of the fan (24) depending on the determined actual pressure difference during at least one operating phase of the device to attain a specified desired pressure difference is provided, wherein in the control device the control element (20) is defined as the primary actuator with respect to the fan (24) during at least one operating phase.
- The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the control device comprises a pressure sensor (18) which allows to directly determine the actual pressure difference between the cooking vapour discharge line (10) and the environment (28) and the inner space and the environment (28), respectively.
- The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the desired pressure difference is set to a value or range of values between 5 Pa and 15 Pa and/or a control tolerance of not more than of +/- 10% of a deviation from the desired pressure difference is set in the control device.
- The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a steaming detection device for detecting the start of a steaming process is provided.
- The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a cooking vapour condenser (26) is arranged in the cooking vapour discharge line (10) upstream of the control element (20).
- The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a vapour extraction device for extracting air exiting from the inner space is provided, wherein the vapour extraction device comprises a vapour extraction line (12) which merges with the cooking vapour discharge line (10) at an opening point (14).
- The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the control element (20) is arranged in the opening point (14).
- The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that several inner space chambers (36a, 36b, 36c) separated from each other are provided and that at at least one chamber a separate chamber control element (38) leading to the cooking vapour discharge line (10) is arranged which can be opened as required to allow cooking vapours to exit from an inner space chamber (36a, 36b, 36c) to the cooking vapour discharge line (10).
- A method for operating a device for the treatment of food using cooking vapours, wherein the device has with at least one closable inner space and at least one cooking vapour discharge line (10) leading out of the inner space to the environment (28) for discharging cooking vapours from the inner space to the environment (28), wherein an adjustable control element (20) for closing the cooking vapour discharge line (10) at least partially is arranged downstream of the inner space and upstream of the environment (28), wherein a fan (24) which is variably adjustable with regard to the discharge capacity is arranged downstream of the control element (20), wherein a control device which is adapted to determine an actual pressure difference between the environment (28) and the cooking vapour discharge line (10) and to attain a desired pressure difference depending on the determined actual pressure difference during at least one operating phase of the device by the following method steps:a) operating the fan (24) with a specified minimum discharge capacityb) determining the actual pressure difference and comparing it with the desired pressure difference,c) if the actual pressure difference is lower than the desired pressure difference, initially trying to attain the desired pressure difference solely by actuating the control element,d) if the control element reaches a specified maximum position and the pressure difference is still lower than the desired pressure difference, increasing the discharge capacity of the fan (24) as required until the desired pressure difference or the maximum discharge capacity is attainede) if the actual pressure difference exceeds the desired pressure difference, initially reducing the discharge capacity of the fan (24) to the specified minimum discharge capacity; if the actual pressure difference still exceeds the desired pressure difference, reducing the actual pressure difference further by operating the control element until the desired pressure difference is attained.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016119690.8A DE102016119690B4 (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2016-10-17 | Device for the thermal treatment of food under the influence of swaths with dynamic exhaust air control |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3312513A1 EP3312513A1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
EP3312513B1 true EP3312513B1 (en) | 2021-01-27 |
Family
ID=60080617
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17195662.6A Active EP3312513B1 (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2017-10-10 | Device for the thermal treatment of food involving cooking vapors with dynamic exhaust air control |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3312513B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016119690B4 (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3111221A1 (en) * | 1981-03-21 | 1982-10-07 | Kraftanlagen Ag, 6900 Heidelberg | Apparatus for blanching foods |
EP1156282B1 (en) * | 2000-05-17 | 2005-11-16 | V-Zug AG | Cooking oven with venting system |
DE10211522A1 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-25 | Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete | Oven, especially with a mechanism for pyrolytic self-cleaning comprises a controllable flap for controlling the airflow into oven |
DE10237652A1 (en) | 2002-08-13 | 2004-02-26 | Werner & Pfleiderer Lebensmitteltechnik Gmbh | Oven and method for steaming at least one selected baking space of an oven |
DE102006044039B3 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2007-12-27 | Miele & Cie. Kg | Baking oven`s cooking area air volume flow controlling method, involves selecting period of one of time intervals as short interval, where temperature difference between temperatures remains constant with same and stable air volume flow |
DE102008012395A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Miwe Michael Wenz Gmbh | Oven with air outlet |
ITTO20090611A1 (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2011-02-05 | Indesit Co Spa | METHOD TO CHECK THE FUNCTIONING OF AN OVEN |
DE102014110376B4 (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2018-04-26 | Miwe Michael Wenz Gmbh | Oven and baking process with optimized baking chamber pressure |
-
2016
- 2016-10-17 DE DE102016119690.8A patent/DE102016119690B4/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-10-10 EP EP17195662.6A patent/EP3312513B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102016119690B4 (en) | 2020-01-23 |
EP3312513A1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
DE102016119690A1 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0386862B1 (en) | Cooking apparatus | |
EP0926449B1 (en) | Method for dehumidifying a cooking room of a steam cooking apparatus and apparatus therefor | |
EP2697569B1 (en) | Steam cooking appliance, in particular a steam oven | |
EP2585779B1 (en) | Drier | |
EP2095025B1 (en) | Fume extracting device | |
EP3500800B1 (en) | Household cooking appliance | |
DE10245773C1 (en) | Cooking oven has a ventilation inflow and outflow at the housing, with a valve to set the air flow either through the cooking zone or in a bypass setting past it | |
EP3437476B1 (en) | Cooking device and method for using a cooking device | |
EP2992760B1 (en) | Baking oven and baking method with optimized baking area pressure | |
EP1566594A1 (en) | Process and device for aerating and/or venting a cooking oven | |
DE19955820A1 (en) | Leavening chamber that can be sealed to provide anaerobic leavening under strictly controlled conditions. | |
EP2994697B1 (en) | Steam cooking device | |
EP2476960A1 (en) | Switching device for an extractor hood for switching between circulation and extraction | |
EP3437477B1 (en) | Cooking device and method for operating a cooking device | |
EP3312513B1 (en) | Device for the thermal treatment of food involving cooking vapors with dynamic exhaust air control | |
DE102019216343A1 (en) | Cooking device with specific supply air device | |
DE102020124068A1 (en) | Downdraft fans and method of operation | |
CH630240A5 (en) | Hot-air circulating, baking, frying and grilling oven, and method of operating it | |
EP3807576B1 (en) | Cooking device | |
EP1389425B1 (en) | Baking oven and process for applying a steam treatment in at least one selected baking oven chamber | |
EP2295907A1 (en) | Vacuum assembly for cooling foods | |
DE19546641C2 (en) | oven | |
DE10211522A1 (en) | Oven, especially with a mechanism for pyrolytic self-cleaning comprises a controllable flap for controlling the airflow into oven | |
DE102019212448B3 (en) | VAPOR RECOVERY IN THE OVEN | |
DE102017107818A1 (en) | Cooking appliance |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20180830 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20200406 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTC | Intention to grant announced (deleted) | ||
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20200710 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1358692 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20210215 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502017009213 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: MICHELI AND CIE SA, CH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20210127 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG9D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210527 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210427 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210428 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210427 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210527 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502017009213 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20211028 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210527 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20211031 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20211010 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211010 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211010 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Payment date: 20220927 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20221020 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20221020 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: LU Payment date: 20221020 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20221031 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20221018 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20221027 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20171010 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20221227 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230425 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210127 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20231010 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 502017009213 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: EUG |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 1358692 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20231010 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20231010 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20231010 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20231031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20231010 |