EP3272184A1 - Verfahren zur abscheidung einer stromsammelschiene auf fahrzeug-kunststoffscheiben mit heizfunktion - Google Patents
Verfahren zur abscheidung einer stromsammelschiene auf fahrzeug-kunststoffscheiben mit heizfunktionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3272184A1 EP3272184A1 EP16713797.5A EP16713797A EP3272184A1 EP 3272184 A1 EP3272184 A1 EP 3272184A1 EP 16713797 A EP16713797 A EP 16713797A EP 3272184 A1 EP3272184 A1 EP 3272184A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating wires
- current
- base body
- coating
- busbar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
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- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000000678 plasma activation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 13
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 6
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000638 styrene acrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-N-[8-[[8-(4-aminoanilino)-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]amino]-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]-8-N,10-diphenylphenazin-10-ium-2,8-diamine hydroxy-oxido-dioxochromium Chemical compound O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.Nc1ccc(Nc2ccc3nc4ccc(Nc5ccc6nc7ccc(Nc8ccc9nc%10ccc(Nc%11ccccc%11)cc%10[n+](-c%10ccccc%10)c9c8)cc7[n+](-c7ccccc7)c6c5)cc4[n+](-c4ccccc4)c3c2)cc1 FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 206010057040 Temperature intolerance Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003763 resistance to breakage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011145 styrene acrylonitrile resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for depositing an electric power busbar on vehicle plastic discs with heating function by means of the Fine Powder Coating (FPC) plasma method.
- the present invention relates to vehicle plastic discs with heating function, which were produced by means of this method.
- the present invention relates to the use of the vehicle plastic discs according to the invention.
- Vehicle headlights were formerly primarily equipped with halogen lamps or xenon lamps. These lamps develop considerable heat during operation. The heat is transferred to the luminaire cover and leads to defrosting and / or drying the luminaire cover. Recently, vehicle headlights are reinforced with LEDs (LED), which generate significantly less heat during operation. For the removal of moisture and ice therefore active heating of the lamp cover is required.
- LED LED
- Vehicle windows including lamp covers, which have an active heating function and which consist essentially of plastic, are known.
- International Patent Application WO 2014/067745 A1 discloses a polymer vehicle glazing made of plastic, which has an outer side, i. an environment-facing side, and an inside, i. a vehicle interior side facing. On the outside, the vehicle glazing has a partially transparent polymeric material phase and on its inside an opaque polymeric material phase. The opaque polymeric material phase is injection molded in at least a portion of the partially transparent polymeric material phase in multi-component injection molding.
- International Patent Application WO 2014/060338 A1 discloses a polymeric vehicle disk which has an inner opaque polymeric material phase and an outer, partially transparent, polymeric material phase, which are connected to one another in a planar manner.
- the inner opaque, polymeric material phase has at least one at least partially continuous recess.
- an LED arrangement which comprises at least one LED, a printed circuit board (PCB) and an electrical contact, arranged.
- the LED array is placed so that the LED is placed towards the outer transparent array.
- Luminaire cover which has at least one polymeric disk base body and a first current busbar (busbar), a second busbar and at least two conductor tracks, which are arranged on the inside of the polymeric disk base body. Each trace is electrically connected to the first current busbar and to the second current busbar.
- busbar first current busbar
- second busbar second busbar
- conductor tracks which are arranged on the inside of the polymeric disk base body.
- International patent application WO 2013/087290 A1 discloses a polymer workpiece which comprises at least one upper main surface and one lower main surface, an injection mold surface and an inflow edge surface.
- the Anflutkanten- surface is formed in the region between the injection mold separating surface and the lower main surface as a planar surface with an angle alpha to the injection mold separating surface of 20 ° to 70 ° and / or deviates by an amount a of 0.0 mm to 0th , 5 mm from the planar surface.
- the polymeric workpiece is used as a disc, as part of a ticket or as a plastic cover of means of transport for transport on land, in the air or on water, in particular as rear, windscreen, side and roof window and as a light cover, trim and / or as a vehicle roof of passenger cars, trucks, buses, trams, subways, trains and motorcycles.
- Panel system comprising a transparent polymeric panel and an electrically conductive grid.
- the panel system comprises a substrate, wherein the electrically conductive grid is arranged so that it rests on the substrate.
- the grid contains at least one electrically conductive holder.
- an electrical connection comprising a plastic part and an electrically conductive part is secured by ultrasonic welding of the plastic part to the polymeric panel.
- the electrically conductive part of the panel is in electrical contact with the electrical connection of the grid.
- the disadvantage here is that the entire arrangement is relatively complex and expensive to manufacture.
- the arrangement comprises a transparent panel and a de-icing grid, which is shaped together with the transparent panel by means of a spraying machine.
- the de-icing grid includes first and second Bus bars and a plurality of electrically conductive pathways extending between the first and the second bus bars.
- International Patent Application WO 2006/063064 A1 likewise discloses a plastic pane with a de-icing device, which comprises a grid of electrically conductive strip conductors, which is produced by printing the transparent plastic pane with an electrically conductive ink.
- the electrically conductive ink has a sheet resistance of less than 8 Milliohm @ 25.4 ⁇ (Note: the name was taken from the patent application) on.
- Some of the known plastic discs have in common that the bus bars and in part the printed conductors are produced with electrically conductive inks. These inks can not be cured at temperatures> 300 "Celsius, as is the case with glass windows, because of the heat sensitivity of the plastic windows, but only at temperatures ⁇ 300" Celsius.
- German Patent Application DE 10 2009 048 397 A1 discloses an atmospheric pressure plasma method and a corresponding device for producing surface-modified particles and coatings.
- the plasma is generated by a discharge between electrodes in a process gas.
- At least one of the electrodes is a sputter electrode from which particles are sputtered by the discharge.
- This process can be used to produce composite materials that incorporate surface-modified particles into a matrix.
- coatings with particles dispersed therein can be produced, agglomeration problems also being largely avoided with micro- and nanoparticles.
- German Patent Application DE 10 2008 029 681 A1 likewise discloses an atmospheric pressure plasma method for applying a self-cleaning layer, in particular a self-cleaning and / or antimicrobial photocatalytic layer, to a surface.
- an atmospheric plasma jet is also generated by electric charge in a process gas, and it is a precursor separately from the process gas introduced as an aerosol directly into the plasma jet.
- the object of the present invention is to find a method for the separation of a current busbar on vehicle plastic discs with heating function, which no longer has the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the method should be simple and completely automated, require no manual labor and only a short cycle time, release any solvent vapors or other harmful substances and be integrated into the manufacturing process without any problems.
- the known atmospheric pressure plasma processes, the known atmospheric pressure plasma coating (FPC) and the devices used therefor are suitable for the production of bus bars for vehicle plastic discs with heating function, is not apparent from the aforementioned patent applications .
- the object of the invention is achieved by a method according to independent claim 1.
- Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
- the vehicle plastic disc produced by means of the method according to the invention comprises, preferably superimposed in this order,
- busbars at least one, in particular one, first and at least one, in particular one, second current busbar or busbar with opposite electrical charge, which are substantially or exactly parallel to each other at a (certain) distance from each other, in particular near and along two opposite edges of the disc body, are arranged, wherein the busbars,
- - Are at least two, preferably at least three, preferably at least four and in particular at least five interconnects electrically connected to each other as heating wires, so that when a voltage is applied, a heating current from the at least one first flows to the at least one second current busbar, and
- each current busbar on and / or in each current busbar at least one, in particular a, connecting element for electrically connecting the at least one first and the at least one second current busbar each having a pole of a voltage source.
- the at least one first busbar and the at least one second busbar should have an opposite electrical charge, i. are intended to be connected to electrical terminals of opposite polarity.
- the arrangement comprising at least one hardcoat, at least two heating wires and at least one first and at least one second current busbar is produced on the inner side of the disk base body in the installed state.
- each heating wire is electrically connected to the first and the second current busbar and is supplied with voltage independently of the other conductor tracks, so that the damage of a heating wire does not lead to complete failure of the heating of the vehicle plastic disc.
- »inside means that side of the vehicle plastic pane which faces an interior, in particular of a vehicle, and / or a light source, in particular of a vehicle.
- outer side means that side of the vehicle plastic disc which faces the environment.
- the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body is equipped with an opaque coating in such a way that the power bus rails are covered at least in the direction of the outside of the vehicle plastic disk.
- the heating wires are partially applied on the opaque coating and partly on the transparent, polymeric disk base body in such a way that they are embedded in the respective surfaces.
- a single and / or two-layer hardcoat is applied the outside of the vehicle plastic disks and / or on their inside directly on the surface of the opaque coating and the transparent, polymeric disk base body and below the bus bars and / or their inside on the surface of the transparent, polymeric Scheibengrundkör- pers and the surface of the bus bars
- the two-layer hardcoat still has a basecoat which is covered by the hardcoat.
- vehicle plastic discs are produced by the method according to the invention.
- the transparent, polymeric base body is provided. He has the appropriate for the particular application form of the motor vehicle plastic disc, typically curved shape. Therefore, it does not have to be reshaped before it is connected to the other components of the vehicle plastic disk. However, processing steps that do not involve a change in the bending of the disk body, e.g. the production of holes, milling or trimming, in the edge region in the context of the method according to the invention possible.
- the transparent, polymeric disk base is provided according to the invention before the heating wires are applied.
- the heating wires are therefore not loaded during the deformation of the disk base body.
- the particular advantage lies in the prevention of damage to the heating wires and / or their electrical contact.
- a stable electrical contacting of each individual heating wire is provided by the first and second current busbars.
- the transparent, polymeric Scheibengroundkorper can be prepared by any suitable, known in the art methods of plastics processing, for example by thermoforming.
- the transparent, polymeric Scheibengroundkorper is produced by injection molding or by the two-component injection-compression molding method with insert technology. These methods make it possible to produce a larger number of suitable shapes.
- the transparent, polymeric Scheibengrundkorper produced almost waste be because subsequent trimming of the workpiece is not necessary. Likewise, complex surface structures can be produced directly.
- the transparent, polymeric Scheibengroundkorper preferably contains at least polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitriles, polyesters, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyurethanes (PU), polymethyl methacrylates (PMMA), polyacrylates, polyamides (PA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (SAN), acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-polycarbonate blends (ABS / PC) and / or their copolymers, cocondensates and / or their blends.
- PE polyethylene
- PC polycarbonates
- PP polypropylene
- PU polyurethanes
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylates
- the transparent, polymeric Scheibengrundkorper polycarbonate (PC) and / or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or consists of these polymers prove to be particularly advantageous in terms of transparency, processing, strength, weather resistance and chemical resistance.
- the partially transparent, polymeric Scheibengrundkorper preferably has a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm. This is particularly advantageous in terms of the strength and the processing of the polymeric disk body.
- the size of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body can vary widely and depends on the use according to the invention.
- the partially transparent, polymeric Scheibengrundkorper is at least partially transparent according to the invention.
- the polymeric wafer body may be colorless, colored or tinted.
- the polymeric disk body may be clear or cloudy, but especially clear.
- the heating wires preferably extend in a straight line between the first and the second current busbars.
- the heating wires can also run, for example, wave-like, meandering or in the form of a zig-zag pattern between the first and the second current busbars.
- the distance between two adjacent heating wires is preferably constant over the entire length of the conductor tracks. However, the distance between two adjacent heating wires can also change in the course between the first and the second current busbar.
- the heating wires can run in any direction, but preferably horizontally or vertically.
- the heating wires are preferably applied to the partially transparent, polymeric Scheibengrundkorper and, if present, on the opaque coating by means of ultrasonic embedding.
- a sonotrode is preferably guided over the inside of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body with a multi-axis robot via a robot program adapted to the three-dimensional geometry of the partially transparent polymer disk base body.
- the sonotrode transmits high-frequency mechanical vibrations (ultrasound) generated by an ultrasonic generator to the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body and, if present, to the opaque coating. Heat is generated and a surface layer of the inside of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body is melted.
- the heating wires are introduced into the molten surface layer.
- the sonotrode leads a heating wire at its tip, wherein the heating wire is continuously fed via a wire roller near the sonotrode.
- a suitable as a sonotrode tool is known for example from US 6,023,837 A.
- the penetration depth of the heating wires in the partially transparent polymeric Scheibengroundkorper and optionally in the opaque coating is preferably from 50% to 90%, more preferably from 60% to 75% of the thickness of the heating wires.
- the uncomplicated application of the heating wires by means of ultrasonic embedding is particularly advantageous with regard to a stable connection between the heating wires and the partially transparent, polymeric Scheibengroundkorper and possibly the opaque coating.
- the distance between two adjacent heating wires is preferably from 1 mm to 25 mm, particularly preferably 3 mm to 15 mm. This is particularly advantageous with regard to the transparency of the vehicle plastic disk and the distribution of the heating power introduced via the heating wires.
- the length of the heating wires can vary widely and so easily adapted to the requirements in individual cases.
- the heating wires have, for example, lengths of 5 cm to 50 cm.
- the heating wires contain at least one metal, preferably tungsten, copper, nickel, manganese, aluminum, silver, chromium and / or iron, as well as mixtures and / or alloys thereof.
- the heating wires particularly preferably contain tungsten and / or copper. This achieves a particularly good heating effect.
- the thickness of the heating wires is preferably from 15 ⁇ up to 200 ⁇ , more preferably from 25 ⁇ to 90 ⁇ . This is particularly advantageous in terms of the transparency of the vehicle plastic disc, the heating power introduced and the prevention of short circuits. It has been found that particularly good results are achieved with heating wires which contain tungsten and have a thickness of preferably from 15 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 25 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m. Particularly good results are also achieved with heating wires containing copper and having a thickness of preferably 25 ⁇ to 200 ⁇ , more preferably 60 ⁇ to 90 ⁇ .
- Adjacent heating wires can be connected to one another on the side of the first current busbar remote from the second current busbar, or on the side of the second current busbar remote from the first current busbar.
- the heating wires can thus be applied in the form of a single heating wire to the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body and optionally to the opaque coating, wherein the heating wire after application comprises two or more sections, which are provided as strip conductors and which are looped together.
- Each section of the heating wire provided as a conductor track is connected in the region of one end to the first busbar and in the region of the other end to the second busbar.
- Each section of the heating wire in the region of the current busbars and between the current busbars forms a conductor track.
- adjacent heating wires may not be connected to one another on the side of the first current busbar remote from the second current busbar, and on the side of the second current busbar remote from the first current busbar.
- the conductor tracks are thus applied in the form of a plurality of heating wires to the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body and possibly to the opaque coating, wherein each heating wire is connected in the region of one end to the first current busbar and in the region of the other end to the second current busbar.
- Each heating wire comprises a conductor track in the area of the current busbars and between the current busbars.
- each heating wire is embedded in the semi-transparent, polymeric disk base body and optionally in the opaque coating.
- the heating wires may be embedded along their entire length in the partially transparent polymeric disk body. This is particularly advantageous in terms of a stable connection between the semi-transparent, polymeric disk body and the heating wires.
- the electrical contacting with the first and the second current busbar is then carried out on the side facing away from the semi-transparent, polymeric disk base body and optionally of the opaque coating side of the heating wires.
- the areas provided for making electrical contact with the bus bars are not embedded in the semi-transparent, polymeric disk base body and optionally the opaque coating at the ends of the heating wires and can be lifted off from these.
- the particular advantage lies in the possibility of a simple and stable electrical contact with the bus bars.
- the particular advantage lies in an effective and very stable electrical contacting of the heating wires.
- an electric potential is applied to the first, lower or left current busbar in the installed state and the second, upper or right current busbar, when installed.
- the first and second current busbars are applied by means of the FPC method.
- a metal powder is introduced into an atmospheric pressure plasma, melted in the plasma jet and on the substrate to be coated, comprising the heating wires and the disk base body and / or optionally the opaque coating and / or optionally the hardcoat, performed on which deposits a metal layer in the sequence ,
- the metal powder is selected from the group consisting of powders of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, Palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc and aluminum and their mixtures and alloys of at least two of these metals. Tungsten, copper, nickel, manganese, aluminum, silver, chromium and / or iron and their mixtures and / or alloys are preferably used. It is particularly preferable to use copper or aluminum.
- the fine powder coating (FPC) process or the atmospheric pressure plasma coating is a common and well known process using common and known devices. Examples of suitable methods and devices go from the German patent applications DE 10 2009 048297 A1, paragraphs [0017] to [0070] in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 3,
- the current busbars preferably have a thickness of from 10 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m, more preferably from 50 .mu.m to 100 .mu.m.
- the width of a current bus bar, along which the current busbar is connected to the heating wires is preferably from 2 mm to 100 mm, particularly preferably from 5 mm to 20 mm.
- the length of the busbars can vary widely and can therefore be perfectly adapted to the requirements of the individual case.
- the minimum length of the busbars results from the number of heating wires and the distance from adjacent heating wires.
- the length of the busbars is for example from 5 cm to 20 cm.
- the bus bars are connected to an external power supply so that an electric potential difference can be applied between the first and second bus bars.
- the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body can be dyed or blackened in the region of the current bus bars.
- the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body can be produced, for example, by multi-component injection molding, wherein the partially transparent polymeric disk base body in the areas on which the current busbars are to be arranged comprises an opaque coating which is the point of view of the electrical contacting by the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body covered.
- the opaque coating of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body preferably contains at least polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitriles, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethyl methacrylates, polyacrylates, polyesters, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile-butadiene- Styrene (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene - polycarbonate (ABS / PC) and / or copolymers and cocondensates or mixtures thereof, especially preferably polycarbonates (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and / or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
- PE polyethylene
- PC polycarbonates
- PP polypropylene
- polystyrene polybutadiene
- the opaque coating of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base preferably contains at least one colorant.
- the colorant may contain inorganic and / or organic dyes and / or pigments.
- the colorant can be colorful or un-colored. Suitable colorants are known to the person skilled in the art and can be found, for example, in the Color Index of the British Society of Dyers and Colourists and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists.
- a black pigment is used as the colorant, for example, carbon black, aniline black, leg black, iron oxide black,
- the opaque coating may further contain inorganic or organic fillers, particularly preferably SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , clay minerals, silicates, zeolites, glass fibers, carbon fibers, glass spheres, organic fibers and / or mixtures thereof.
- the fillers can further increase the stability of the opaque coating.
- the fillers can reduce the proportion of polymeric materials and thus reduce the cost of manufacturing the vehicle plastic disc.
- a colored or blackened element can be arranged between the current busbar and the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body.
- cover screen prints may be applied to a surface of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base.
- a single-layer or two-layer hardcoat is applied to the outside of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body as a protective coating in order to protect the vehicle plastic disk to be produced according to the invention from environmental influences.
- Preference is given to thermosetting or UV-curing coating systems based on polysiloxanes, polyacrylates,
- the hardcoat preferably has a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ to 50 ⁇ , more preferably from 2 ⁇ to 25 ⁇ .
- the particular advantage lies in the increased scratch resistance and weather resistance of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body by the protective coating.
- "two-layer hardcoat” means a combination of at least one, in particular one, hardcoat with at least one, in particular one, hardcoat-covered basecoat, described in more detail below.
- the one- or two-layer hardcoat can also be applied to the inside of the vehicle plastic pane to be produced according to the invention. In this case, it can be applied directly to the surface of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body and the opaque coating, so that the heating wires are also embedded in the hardcoat and the current busbars cover the hardcoat.
- the additional one or two-layer hardcoat can also be applied in such a way that it covers the current busbars.
- the hardcoat may contain, in addition to coloring compounds and pigments, also UV blockers, preservatives and components for increasing the scratch resistance, for example nanoparticles.
- the hardcoat can be applied to the outside and / or the inside of the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body, for example, by a dipping, flooding or spraying method.
- the hardcoat is preferably cured after application via temperature and / or UV light entry.
- the hardcoat can also be applied to the outside of the polymer disk base body by an in-mold coating method.
- Protective coating or hardcoat suitable products are, for example, AS4000, AS4700, PHC587 or UVHC3000 provided by Momentive Performance Materials.
- the hardcoat can also comprise several layers, preferably a basecoat, which also acts as an adhesion-promoting layer or primer on the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body.
- the basecoat may contain, for example, acrylates and a
- the hardcoat may contain, for example polysiloxanes and typically has a layer thickness of 3 ⁇ to 15 ⁇ .
- the hardcoat may additionally be covered with a plasma CVD layer, such as Exatec® 900.
- the protective coating, ie the hardcoat and optionally the basecoat can or can be applied before or after the attachment of the heating wires and bus bars.
- the protective coating can be applied before or after connecting the heating wires to the bus bars.
- the surfaces to which the current busbars are applied by the FPC method can still be activated prior to application in order to ensure better adhesion of the metal layer.
- chemical activators or silane-based adhesion promoters can be used, or the surfaces can be activated by means of plasma activation. This plasma activation can be the
- Separation process immediately upstream and be realized by an additional plasma nozzle on the robot arm of the device for atmospheric pressure plasma coating.
- the heatable vehicle plastic discs are preferred as disks for means of transport on land, in the air and / or on the water, in particular for passenger cars, trucks, buses, trams, subways, trains, motorcycles, ships and aircraft and as decorative Elements and / or used as architectural elements.
- the heated vehicle plastic discs can be used with advantage as a cover for lights of means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular for headlights, rear, side marker and / or clearance lights of passenger cars, trucks, buses Trams, subways, trains, motorcycles, ships and planes.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a detail of a first embodiment of a vehicle plastic disk FKS produced according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a section of a second embodiment of a vehicle plastic disk FKS according to the invention, a cross section through a section of a third embodiment of a vehicle plastic disc FKS invention, a cross section through a section of a fourth embodiment of a vehicle plastic disc FKS invention, a cross section through a section of a fifth embodiment of an inventively prepared vehicle plastic disc FKS , A plan view of a section of a first embodiment of an inventively prepared vehicle plastic disc FKS, a flow chart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention and a flow chart of another embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 7 shows the flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- Process step A comprised the provision of two partially transparent, polymeric Scheibengrundkorper 1 polycarbonate PC for the production of vehicle plastic discs FKS, as used for rear windows of cars.
- the disk base 1 had the dimensions 1 m x 0.5 m x 0.004 m.
- each disk base body 1 was provided in the edge area by means of screen printing with a 0.05 m wide, 10 ⁇ m thick, circumferential, opaque, carbon black pigment-containing coating 2 based on polyurethane PU.
- the outer side II of the one disk base body 1 in process step B was coated by flood coating with a commercially available single-layer hardcoat 6 (PHC587C from Momentive Performance Materials).
- a conventional and known basecoat 5 SHP470 from Momentive Performance Materials
- AS4700 from Momentive Performance Materials was applied and also dried.
- the penetration depth of the heating wire was 65% of its thickness.
- step D at a distance of 50 mm from the two mutually parallel longitudinal edges, in each case a current busbar 4 with a length of 980 mm, along which the current busbars 4 were connected to the heating wires 3, using the FPC method in a width of 15 mm and a thickness of 75 ⁇ applied. It was found that the electrical contact between the bus bars 4 and the heating wire 3 was excellent and virtually lossless.
- step E a connection element 7 for contacting in each case one pole of a current source has been applied to the current busbars 4 in each case.
- FIG. 8 shows the flow chart of a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that the coating B with a single-layer hardcoat 6 or a two-layer hardcoat 6 with basecoat 5 penetrates both the inside I and the outside II Flooding were applied to the process steps A, F, C, D, E, taking care that the connecting elements 7 remained free, so that they could be electrically connected to the poles of a voltage source.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 show cross sections of cutouts of the vehicle plastic discs FKS that can be produced according to the invention.
- the respective embodiment of the invention w process resulted in a simple manner from the respective desired structure of the vehicle plastic discs FKS.
- Figures 1 to 5 the configuration of Figure 6.
- Figure 1 seen from the inside I to the outside II, a current busbar 4, which covered the contact points with the loop-shaped heating wire 3.
- the heating wire 3 was embedded in the opaque coating 2.
- the opaque coating 2 was applied to the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body 1.
- the outside II was covered with a hardcoat 6.
- FIG. 2 shows, viewed from the inside I to the outside II, a current busbar 4 which covered the contact points with the loop-shaped heating wire 3.
- the heating wire 3 itself was in the hardcoat 6 and the underlying opaque coating
- the opaque coating 2 in turn lay on the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body 1.
- the outside II was also covered with a hardcoat 6.
- FIG. 3 shows, viewed from the inside I to the outside II, a current busbar 4 which covered the contact points with the loop-shaped heating wire 3.
- the heating wire 3 itself was embedded in the hardcoat 6 and in an underlying basecoat 5 which was overlaying the opaque coating 2.
- the opaque coating 2 in turn lay on the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body 1.
- the outside II was also covered with a basecoat 5 and a hardcoat 6.
- FIG. 4 shows, viewed from the inside I to the outside II, a hardcoat 6 on a current busbar 4, which covered the contact points with the loop-shaped heating wire 3.
- the heating wire 3 itself was embedded in the opaque coating 2.
- the opaque coating 2 in turn lay on the partially transparent, polymeric disk base body 1.
- the outside II was also covered with a hardcoat 6.
- FIG. 5 shows, viewed from the inside I to the outside II, a hardcoat 6 on a basecoat 5, which covered the current collecting bus 4.
- the current busbar 4 in turn covered the contact points with the loop-shaped heating wire 3.
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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PL16713797T PL3272184T3 (pl) | 2015-03-19 | 2016-03-21 | Sposób osadzania szyny zbiorczej na wykonanych z tworzywa sztucznego szybach pojazdów z funkcją grzejną |
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EP15159882 | 2015-03-19 | ||
PCT/EP2016/056182 WO2016146856A1 (de) | 2015-03-19 | 2016-03-21 | Verfahren zur abscheidung einer stromsammelschiene auf fahrzeug-kunststoffscheiben mit heizfunktion |
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EP (1) | EP3272184B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6559249B2 (de) |
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DE102009048397A1 (de) | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-07 | Plasmatreat Gmbh | Atmosphärendruckplasmaverfahren zur Herstellung oberflächenmodifizierter Partikel und von Beschichtungen |
DE102011052118A1 (de) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-01-31 | Eckart Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Beschichtung auf einem Substrat, Beschichtung und Verwendung von Partikeln |
WO2013087290A1 (de) | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-20 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Polymeres werkstück zur flutbeschichtung |
PL2795996T3 (pl) | 2011-12-20 | 2017-12-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Ogrzewana osłona lampy |
EP2794366B1 (de) | 2011-12-20 | 2016-12-21 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Polymere scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger struktur |
EA028172B1 (ru) | 2012-10-19 | 2017-10-31 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Полимерное автомобильное остекление с системой светодиодов |
KR101779266B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-30 | 2017-09-26 | 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 | 동일 높이로 마운팅된 불투명 가장자리 대역을 갖는 중합체성 차량 글레이징 |
-
2016
- 2016-03-21 PL PL16713797T patent/PL3272184T3/pl unknown
- 2016-03-21 ES ES16713797T patent/ES2876033T3/es active Active
- 2016-03-21 CN CN201680000924.9A patent/CN106465488A/zh active Pending
- 2016-03-21 EP EP16713797.5A patent/EP3272184B1/de active Active
- 2016-03-21 WO PCT/EP2016/056182 patent/WO2016146856A1/de active Application Filing
- 2016-03-21 US US15/554,701 patent/US10716172B2/en active Active
- 2016-03-21 KR KR1020177025912A patent/KR102013509B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-03-21 CA CA2977324A patent/CA2977324C/en active Active
- 2016-03-21 JP JP2017549226A patent/JP6559249B2/ja active Active
- 2016-03-21 HU HUE16713797A patent/HUE055798T2/hu unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2876033T3 (es) | 2021-11-11 |
JP2018517227A (ja) | 2018-06-28 |
JP6559249B2 (ja) | 2019-08-14 |
WO2016146856A1 (de) | 2016-09-22 |
KR20170117546A (ko) | 2017-10-23 |
HUE055798T2 (hu) | 2021-12-28 |
US10716172B2 (en) | 2020-07-14 |
PL3272184T3 (pl) | 2021-10-11 |
CN106465488A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
CA2977324A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
US20180242403A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
KR102013509B1 (ko) | 2019-08-22 |
EP3272184B1 (de) | 2021-04-28 |
CA2977324C (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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