EP3270397A1 - Ensemble de circuits et procédé de classification de défauts - Google Patents

Ensemble de circuits et procédé de classification de défauts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3270397A1
EP3270397A1 EP17176306.3A EP17176306A EP3270397A1 EP 3270397 A1 EP3270397 A1 EP 3270397A1 EP 17176306 A EP17176306 A EP 17176306A EP 3270397 A1 EP3270397 A1 EP 3270397A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
voltage
switching element
voltage line
pole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17176306.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3270397B1 (fr
Inventor
David DÖRING
Klaus WÜRFLINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3270397A1 publication Critical patent/EP3270397A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/546—Contacts shunted by static switch means the static switching means being triggered by the voltage over the mechanical switch contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching arrangement for connecting two DC voltage networks.
  • High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission technology provides a known technology suitable for transmitting electrical energy over long distances.
  • the current flow takes place via DC voltage lines, which may be present as cable lines or overhead lines.
  • DC voltage lines for example in the form of point-to-point connections can be combined to form a DC voltage network.
  • Such DC voltage networks can be present as so-called multiterminal, radial or meshed DC voltage networks.
  • the DC voltage networks are essentially formed by DC voltage lines that extend between converter stations, node points or a node and a converter station.
  • the DC voltage lines can be realized as bipolar or monopole connections (symmetrical and asymmetrical) known to the person skilled in the art.
  • a symmetrical monopole connection is characterized by a two-pole design of the DC voltage line, for example with a positive and a negative pole, which has no rigid connection to the ground potential.
  • Such a DC voltage switch is for example from the WO 2015/078525 A1 ,
  • the known DC voltage switch is bidirectional, that is to say that it can switch the current independently of the current direction in the DC voltage line.
  • the DC voltage switch is further arranged in one of the two poles of the DC voltage line, which is sufficient for a separation of a grounded DC voltage line.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a switching arrangement of the above type which is simple and reliable.
  • a switching arrangement for connecting two DC voltage networks comprising a DC voltage line connecting a first DC voltage network to a second DC voltage network, a first unidirectional switching element in a first pole of the DC voltage line, a second unidirectional switching element in the first pole of the DC voltage line, the first A third unidirectional switching element in a second pole of the DC voltage line, and a fourth unidirectional switching element in the second pole of the DC voltage line, which is arranged spaced from the third switching element and its switching direction of a switching direction of the third switching element is directed opposite, wherein the switching elements each have a dielectric strength below a rated voltage (Nennübertra supply voltage) of the DC line is (but it is most above the pole voltage).
  • the switching arrangement according to the invention is suitable for connecting two DC voltage networks, the DC voltage line of the switching arrangement extending between network nodes, power converters and / or similar elements of the DC voltage networks to be connected. In any case, it is also particularly suitable for use with an inverter To connect to a DC power grid or its node or two inverters on the DC side.
  • An advantage of the switching arrangement according to the invention is the possibility of clarifying unbalanced ground faults at only one pole in DC voltage lines without rigid earth connection by the use of unindirectional switching elements.
  • the voltage strengths of the switching elements can be selected lower than in a DC voltage switch, which is arranged only in one pole of the DC voltage line, and therefore must be designed for the full nominal voltage. This can make the switching device easier and possibly cheaper.
  • the rated voltage in the DC voltage line can be more than 100 kV, in many cases more than 600 kV.
  • the DC voltage line may, for example, be connected at at least one end to a DC voltage node.
  • a DC voltage node several DC voltage lines of the corresponding DC voltage network converge.
  • the DC voltage line can also be connected at least one end to a converter of the corresponding DC voltage network.
  • the poles of the DC voltage line are available, for example, as cable or overhead lines.
  • the switching direction of the switching element is that current direction in which the switching element can block the current. It can also be referred to in this context as the trip current direction.
  • the switching elements of the switching arrangement according to the invention are unidirectional. This means that the switching elements generally have an excellent switching direction. If the current flows contrary to the switching direction of a Switching element, so this switching element can not lock the power.
  • the DC voltage line is designed as a monopole connection, expediently a symmetrical monopole connection.
  • a first, positive pole of the DC voltage line lies on a positive electrical potential.
  • a second, negative pole is at a negative electrical potential. Due to the lack of fixed connection to the ground potential, a ground fault in one of the two poles may lead to a potential shift in the DC voltage line. For example, the ground fault can lead to a reloading of the positive pole, so that the positive pole is brought to the zero potential.
  • the nominal voltage that is, the pole-to-pole voltage, ie the potential difference between the positive and the negative pole
  • the nominal voltage that is, the pole-to-pole voltage, ie the potential difference between the positive and the negative pole
  • the nominal voltage that is, the pole-to-pole voltage, ie the potential difference between the positive and the negative pole
  • the nominal voltage that is, the pole-to-pole voltage, ie the potential difference between the positive and the negative pole
  • the two DC voltage networks can be decoupled from one another by means of the switching arrangement according to the invention. In this way, at least one of the DC voltage networks is not affected by the fault or ground fault. If the fault location lies between the switching elements, then even both DC voltage grids can be kept harmless. Furthermore, in the case of an internal switch fault, network coupling and fault isolation can be realized.
  • the dielectric strength of the switching elements preferably corresponds to a maximum voltage value of one of the poles of the DC voltage line.
  • the switching elements are thus designed approximately to half the rated voltage.
  • the design may include an additional tolerance range of the dielectric strength of about 10% to 70%.
  • the switching elements do not have to be designed for the full nominal voltage.
  • the first and the third switching element are close to the location on the first DC voltage network and the second and the fourth switching element are arranged close to the location on the second DC voltage network.
  • the switching direction of the third switching element is preferably directed counter to the switching direction of the first switching element.
  • the term local refers to a distance of less than 10 km.
  • the switching directions of the first and third switching element to each other are also directed opposite.
  • a preferred configuration is given when the switching direction of the first switching element, which is located close to the first DC voltage network, in the direction of the second switching element, the switching direction of the second switching element, which is located close to the second DC voltage network, in the direction of the first switching element, the Switching direction of the third switching element, which is located close to the first DC voltage network, pointing in the direction of the first DC voltage network and the switching direction of the fourth switching element, which is located close to the second DC voltage network, in the direction of the second DC voltage network.
  • the first DC voltage network is referred to as Netz1
  • the second DC voltage network as Netz2
  • the ith (first to fourth) switching element according to SEi Further, the normal operating state is called OK and the fault state is called Fail.
  • the suffix p or n indicates whether the error occurs in the positive (p) or negative (n) pole.
  • the DC power line is labeled between the switching elements as GL.
  • the switching elements each comprise at least one controllable switching device, wherein the controllable switching devices of Switching elements are independently controllable.
  • the switching device may comprise, for example, a controllable power semiconductor switch or a series circuit thereof.
  • the design of the switching device is basically arbitrary and can be realized by one of the known concepts of the DC voltage switch.
  • the switching element may comprise a current limiting inductor.
  • the throttle may be arranged in a parallel circuit or series connection to the switching device.
  • a surge arrester is arranged parallel to each switching device.
  • the voltage across the switching element can be limited.
  • a parallel connection of a plurality of parallel-connected surge arresters is arranged parallel to at least one of the switching devices.
  • a response voltage of the surge arrester can be controlled or adjusted to a value suitable for the particular application.
  • a measuring device for detecting a potential shift in the DC voltage line. Accordingly, during the operation of the switching arrangement, the measuring device detects a possible shift of at least one of the potentials in the first and second pole of the DC voltage line. It is also conceivable to record a sum of the two potentials or their displacement. A potential shift can be interpreted as an indication of a ground fault. If the displacement exceeds a predetermined value, for example, then the measuring device preferably generates a corresponding triggering signal, which is sent to a monitoring device or to a control unit, for example. The control unit can control the switching elements accordingly to open.
  • the capture of Potential shift advantageously also allows an opening of the switching elements for faulty explanation, if a fault current in case of failure does not significantly exceed a rated current during normal operation. It may also be advantageous if the switching arrangement comprises at least one current measuring device for measuring the current in the DC voltage line and at least one voltage measuring device for measuring the voltage in the poles of the DC voltage line. It is also conceivable to detect an overcurrent and / or a current increase.
  • the invention further relates to a method for faulty explanation by means of the switching arrangement.
  • a faulty explanation is necessary in particular with short circuits, which can occur in a DC voltage line.
  • the purpose of a faulty declaration is to locally limit the effects of a short circuit.
  • a short circuit can be, for example, a ground fault, ie an electrical contact between a pole of the DC voltage line and ground.
  • the object of the invention is to propose such a method that is as simple and reliable as possible.
  • the object is achieved by a similar method in which two unidirectional switching elements are opened during a short circuit in a DC voltage line or in a DC voltage line connected to the DC voltage line, wherein a first unidirectional switching element is arranged in a first pole of the DC voltage line, a second unidirectional switching element in first pole of the DC voltage line, is arranged spaced from the first switching element, wherein the switching direction of a switching direction of the first switching element is directed opposite, a third unidirectional switching element is arranged in a second pole of the DC voltage line, and a fourth unidirectional switching element in the second pole of the DC voltage line, spaced from the third switching element is arranged, wherein the switching direction of a switching direction of the third switching element is directed opposite.
  • Which of the switching elements are opened depends in particular on the location of the error to be clarified as well as its nature. An example of a possible procedure is shown in the table above.
  • the switching elements can be opened simultaneously or with a suitable time delay.
  • a switch is referred to as open in this context if it blocks a current flow in the given current direction.
  • the switching arrangement 1 comprises a DC voltage line 2 with a first pole 3 and a second pole 4.
  • the DC voltage line 2 is a symmetrical monopole connection, in which the first pole 3 is a positive pole and the second pole 4 is a negative pole. Both poles 3 and 4 are realized as cable connections.
  • the DC voltage line 2 extends between an arbitrarily configured first DC voltage network 5 and a second DC voltage network 6 likewise configured as desired FIG. 1 is indicated that the first DC voltage network is connected to two inverter stations 7 and 8 respectively. Accordingly, the second DC voltage network is connected to two further converter stations 9 and 10, respectively.
  • the converter stations 7-10 can in turn be connected to the AC side in FIG. 1 not shown explicitly connected AC networks.
  • a rated voltage between the two poles 3, 4 is in the illustrated embodiment 2 * 320 kV.
  • the switching arrangement 1 further comprises a first switching element SE1, which is arranged locally close to the first DC voltage network 5 in the first pole 3 of the DC voltage line 2.
  • the first switching element SE1 has a parallel circuit of a controllable switching device 12, a diode 13 and a surge arrester 14.
  • the switching device 12 is in the illustrated embodiment, a turn-off power semiconductor switch. Instead of the diode 13, a series connection of a plurality of diodes may be provided. Also, instead of the switching device 12, a series connection of a plurality of switching devices or a plurality of power semiconductor switches may be provided.
  • each switching unit has a power semiconductor switch (such as an IGBT) and a freewheeling diode antiparallel thereto.
  • the first switching element SE1 has a switching direction which points to the second direct voltage network 6.
  • a second switching element SE2 is arranged close to the location on the second DC voltage network 6 in the first pole 3.
  • the structure of the second switching element SE2 corresponds to that of the first switching element SE1 with the difference that a switching direction of the second switching element SE2 is opposite to that of the first switching element SE1.
  • a third switching element SE3 is arranged close to the location on the first DC voltage network 5 in the second pole 4.
  • the structure of the third switching element SE3 corresponds to that of the first switching element SE1.
  • a switching direction of the third switching element SE3 points in the direction of the first DC voltage network 5.
  • a fourth switching element SE4 is arranged close to the location on the second DC voltage network 6 in the second pole 4.
  • the structure of the fourth switching element SE4 also corresponds to that of the first switching element SE1.
  • a switching direction of the fourth switching element SE4 is opposite to that of the third switching element SE3.
  • the switching arrangement 1 comprises a control unit 15, which is suitable for driving the power semiconductors of the switching elements SE1-SE4, so that they block, for example.
  • a first measuring device 16 and a second measuring device 17 detect current, voltage and / or potential shifts in the poles 3, 4 of the DC voltage line 2.
  • the measuring devices 16, 17 are connected on the output side to the control unit 15.
  • a corresponding signal is given to the control unit 15, so that a suitable for incorrect explanation control of the switching elements can be made.
  • the third and the fourth switching element SE3 or SE4 are actuated to be blocked.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the switching arrangement 1.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are identical and similar components and elements provided with the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 2 the DC voltage line 2 of the switching arrangement 1 is shown, which extends between a network node 18, 19 of the first DC voltage network 5 and a converter 20, which belongs to the second DC voltage network 6. Otherwise corresponds to the structure of the switching arrangement 1 of FIG. 2 the one who FIG. 1 ,
  • FIG. 2 an example of a ground fault in the second DC voltage network 6 between the positive pole 3 and earth 22 is shown.
  • the earth fault is figuratively indicated in the form of a lightning sign 21.
  • the ground fault causes an earth fault current or a potential shift with compensation current, which is shown as arrow 23 and flows between the positive pole 3 and earth 22.
  • the ground fault causes a current flow, which is indicated in the two poles 3, 4 with the arrows 24 and 25.
  • the potential in positive pole 3 drops to zero due to the ground fault. Since the inverter 20 maintains its DC side voltage difference, the potential in the second pole 4 shifts by an amount depending on the particular configuration of the inverter 20.
  • control unit 15 controls the first switching element SE1 and the fourth switching element SE4, open. This causes a disconnection of the circuit. The potential shift thus does not affect the network nodes 18, 19.
  • FIG. 3 The potential distribution along the DC voltage line 2 of the switching arrangement 1 of FIG. 2 is in FIG. 3 shown. It is from the in FIG. 2 shown example of the ground fault in the second DC network 6.
  • diagram axis labeled Z represents the location along the DC voltage line 2.
  • diagram axis labeled U shows the electrical potentials at the given location.
  • the location of the two switching elements SE1 and SE3 is provided with the reference numeral 31. Accordingly, the location of the switching elements SE2 and SE4 is provided with the reference numeral 32.
  • FIG. 3 illustrated potential curves represent the situation after the blocking of the first and fourth switching element SE1 or SE4, ie after the error explanation.
  • the potential curve in the positive pole 3 is provided with the reference numeral 33.
  • the potential curve in the negative pole 4 is provided with the reference numeral 34.
  • the location of the ground fault is identified by the reference numeral 35.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
EP17176306.3A 2016-07-14 2017-06-16 Ensemble de circuits et procédé de classification de défauts Active EP3270397B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016212915.5A DE102016212915A1 (de) 2016-07-14 2016-07-14 Schaltanordnung sowie Verfahren zur Fehlerklärung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3270397A1 true EP3270397A1 (fr) 2018-01-17
EP3270397B1 EP3270397B1 (fr) 2022-10-26

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EP17176306.3A Active EP3270397B1 (fr) 2016-07-14 2017-06-16 Ensemble de circuits et procédé de classification de défauts

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DE (1) DE102016212915A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11757276B2 (en) 2020-03-10 2023-09-12 Abb Schweiz Ag Fault current limiter circuit breaker

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018219376A1 (de) 2018-11-13 2020-05-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Auswählen und beschleunigten Ausführen von Handlungsreaktionen

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014053554A1 (fr) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-10 Abb Technology Ag Disjoncteur comportant des modules de disjoncteur empilés
WO2014117807A1 (fr) * 2013-01-29 2014-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Interrupteur pour tension continue pour produire une courte interruption
DE102013114259A1 (de) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-18 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltvorrichtung zum Führen und Trennen von elektrischen Strömen

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US8717716B2 (en) 2009-11-16 2014-05-06 Abb Technology Ag Device and method to break the current of a power transmission or distribution line and current limiting arrangement
DE102010052136A1 (de) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltungsanordnungen für elektronisch gesteuerte DC-Netze
WO2013115915A1 (fr) * 2012-01-31 2013-08-08 Atlantic Grid Operations A., Llc Commande et protection d'un réseau d'alimentation c.c.
GB201209110D0 (en) * 2012-05-24 2012-07-04 Alstom Technology Ltd Method of fault clearance
EP3053179B1 (fr) 2013-11-29 2017-10-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de commutation d'un courant continu
KR101658539B1 (ko) * 2014-10-10 2016-09-22 엘에스산전 주식회사 직류 차단기 및 이를 이용하는 방법
EP3026803A1 (fr) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-01 Alstom Technology Ltd Démarrage de convertisseurs de courant continu à haute tension
EP3032677B1 (fr) 2014-12-12 2021-05-05 General Electric Technology GmbH Réseau électrique à courant continu
DE102015211339A1 (de) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichstromleistungsschalter
DE202016102119U1 (de) * 2016-04-21 2016-05-09 Abb Technology Ltd. Hochgeschwindigkeitsschalter, der einen Einschaltwiderstand umfasst

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014053554A1 (fr) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-10 Abb Technology Ag Disjoncteur comportant des modules de disjoncteur empilés
WO2014117807A1 (fr) * 2013-01-29 2014-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Interrupteur pour tension continue pour produire une courte interruption
DE102013114259A1 (de) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-18 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltvorrichtung zum Führen und Trennen von elektrischen Strömen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11757276B2 (en) 2020-03-10 2023-09-12 Abb Schweiz Ag Fault current limiter circuit breaker

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Publication number Publication date
DE102016212915A1 (de) 2018-01-18
EP3270397B1 (fr) 2022-10-26

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