EP3269613B1 - Door device and assembly method therefor - Google Patents
Door device and assembly method therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3269613B1 EP3269613B1 EP17180745.6A EP17180745A EP3269613B1 EP 3269613 B1 EP3269613 B1 EP 3269613B1 EP 17180745 A EP17180745 A EP 17180745A EP 3269613 B1 EP3269613 B1 EP 3269613B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- door
- sealing
- door leaf
- underside
- door assembly
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 208
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D19/00—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles
- B61D19/02—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles for carriages
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a door device for a vehicle for passenger transport, in particular for a rail vehicle or for a bus.
- the invention also relates to an assembly method for assembling such a door device.
- pivoting sliding doors ensures that passengers can get on and off quickly. In addition to enabling passengers to get on and off quickly, there is a further requirement for such door devices to seal off the interior of the vehicle from the outside.
- German utility model DE 20 2011 110 233 U1 discloses a sealing arrangement for a pivoting door of a mass transport means, wherein a sealing receptacle is movable between a closed state and a released state and, in the closed state, rests against a surface of the door leaf and a floor in a sealing manner from the outside.
- German utility model DE 20 2004 006 968 U1 a sealing device for a passenger door on public transport vehicles.
- sealing strips made of elastomer, each formed as a finger protection profile are arranged on two vertical edges of two door leaves that are opposite one another when the door is closed.
- EP 2 761 120 B1 a sealing arrangement for sealing a gap between a pivoting door and a floor of a vehicle.
- a method for assembling such a door device in a vehicle is to be specified, wherein the assembly effort is to be kept low and is to bring a high degree of flexibility with regard to the production of components.
- a door device for a vehicle according to claim 1 and by a vehicle with a door device according to claim 12, the door device having at least one door leaf with a sealing device, a door frame, arranged on an underside of the door leaf or in the region of an underside of the door leaf comprises for receiving and storing the door leaf and a door threshold with a sealing surface.
- the door device can be provided in a car body of the vehicle, the door frame and the door sill of the door device being at least partially formed by components of the car body.
- the door threshold can be designed as a separate component of the floor or in one piece with it.
- the horizontal is defined by a level alignment of the vehicle, for example when the vehicle is on a level test bench or on a non-sloping or curved track of a train station.
- the horizontal alignment can be determined, for example, using a commercially available spirit level.
- the door leaf is mounted on the door frame in such a way that a first direction of movement of the door leaf during the opening or closing process runs essentially in the horizontal and essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle. If the vehicle has, for example, vertically running side walls in which the door device is arranged, the first, horizontal direction of movement would mean that the door leaf moves from the outside in the horizontal direction - i.e. perpendicular to the side walls - into that formed by the door frame during the closing process Door opening pushes or is pulled in.
- the first direction of movement of the door leaf could also be aligned perpendicular to the side walls instead of in a horizontal direction with respect to the vehicle.
- the claimed definition of the horizontal would not relate to the vehicle, but should be understood to mean the vertical alignment with respect to the side walls.
- the door device has a second direction of movement.
- the second direction of movement would be aligned in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle:
- the door leaf When the pivoting and sliding door device is opened, the door leaf would initially be moved out of the opening of the door frame in the first, horizontal and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, at least partially in parallel, with the following the door leaf would be pushed over the side walls of the car body in a second, horizontal direction of movement running parallel to the longitudinal direction.
- the first direction of movement and the second direction of movement can merge and thus also describe the movement of the door leaf at the same time.
- the movement of the door leaf takes place during the sealing process - that is, during the establishment of the sealing contact between the sealing device and the sealing surface - essentially without a movement in the second, horizontal, longitudinal direction of movement, but in accordance with a Translation of the door leaf in the first, horizontal and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of movement.
- the door leaf also performs a movement during the sealing process in accordance with a third, vertical movement direction running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and transverse direction.
- sealing element and the sealing surface act together in a sealing manner and thus define a sealing direction which is essentially perpendicular to the sealing surface.
- the sealing direction essentially corresponds to a direction of a normal force that is built up between the sealing element and the sealing surface during the sealing process.
- the sealing device has a support area and a sealing element, the support area facing the underside of the door leaf, and the sealing element in turn being arranged facing away from the support area.
- the sealing element is arranged to be displaceable relative to the support area along a travel path.
- the support area and the sealing element are designed in such a way that the travel path, in particular in relation to a cross section of the sealing device, runs in a straight line, or in such a way that the sealing element only moves in one plane during the process.
- the support area can be designed as a guide device for guiding the sealing element along the travel path.
- the travel path is thus defined by the appropriately configured guide device.
- the travel path runs at least partially perpendicular to the transverse direction. This means that the travel path has at least one directional component that runs perpendicular to the direction of a main (external) pressure load on the vehicle.
- prestressing means can be provided, the prestressing force being at least partially oriented in the direction of the normal force and / or the sealing direction.
- the biasing means between the sealing element and Support area can be provided in such a way that the prestressing force is aligned parallel to the sealing direction.
- the sealing element is designed and movable, in particular movable in the direction of the travel path and / or the pretensioning force, arranged on the support area, so that a sealing and pretensioned contact with a sealing surface of the door device can be produced by means of the sealing element.
- a door device is provided for the first time, which enables barrier-free access in and out of the vehicle, with an effective seal of the underside of the door edge being achieved at the same time.
- This is achieved through the design of the door threshold or through the inclined sealing surface arranged thereon and through the attachment of the sealing device to the underside of the door leaf or in a region of this underside.
- the door device and / or the lower sealing surface does not have a step which would make access to the vehicle more difficult.
- a step which would make access to the vehicle more difficult.
- such a step would have a vertical or inclined flank in this sense, which could be a hindrance for people with limited walking ability, the flank assuming an angle of 61 ° to 90 ° with respect to the floor and / or the horizontal.
- the sealing surface can enclose an angle of 25 to 50 °, preferably 30 to 40 °, with the horizontal.
- the barrier-free accessibility can in particular be improved by a sealing surface height of the inclined sealing surface, i.e. the extent of the inclined sealing surface in the vertical direction, being less than 50 mm, preferably less than 40 mm, particularly preferably less than 30 mm.
- adjustment fastening means can be used, for example, which enable an adjustable connection between the underside of the door device and the sealing device.
- the sealing device is arranged in a receptacle on the underside of the door leaf, preferably in a partially form-fitting manner, the adjustment fastening means being effectively arranged between the receptacle and the support area of the sealing device.
- the receptacle can at least partially have a U-shape-like cross-section, and the support area can have an outer shape corresponding to an inside of the receptacle such that the sealing device is slidably received by the receptacle and is at least partially supported on it.
- the sealing device at least partially in a housing of the receptacle in such a way that the sealing device at least partially projects beyond a housing opening of the housing of the receptacle with the sealing element.
- This arrangement leads to the sealing device being arranged in a protected manner on the door device and thus being more robust against damage.
- the adjustability of the position of the sealing device with respect to the door leaf makes it possible to compensate for manufacturing-related tolerances of the size of the door frame and / or the door leaf. Any deviations in a sealing dimension - the TARGET position of the sealing device relative to the sealing surface in the assembled state - can be compensated and corrected in this way. This leads to a significant improvement in the manufacture of the door device of the vehicle, since manufacturing tolerances of the door leaf and the door frame can be specified more generously, whereby the dimensional deviation caused by increased tolerances can be compensated for by means of the adjustability of the sealing device in the adjustment direction.
- the adjustment direction runs at least partially in the sealing direction. In this way, the compensation of tolerance deviations and the associated provision of a constant normal force acting between the sealing surface and the sealing device is simplified.
- the sealing device is designed and variably fastened to the underside of the door leaf in such a way that the travel path of the sealing element with respect to the support area and the adjustment direction of the sealing device with respect to the underside of the door device run essentially parallel to one another.
- the same alignment of the travel path, the adjustment direction and possibly also the sealing direction leads to a particularly effective sealing and tolerance compensation of the door device.
- the door leaf and the sealing device can be designed and arranged with respect to one another in such a way that the adjustment direction and / or the travel path are oriented essentially parallel to a door plane of the door leaf and / or the vertical direction. This measure leads to a further improvement in the seal and tolerance compensation.
- the sealing device and form it on the door device in such a way that the adjustment direction runs essentially parallel to a door plane of the door leaf and / or in the vertical direction, and the travel path is oriented essentially perpendicular to the sealing surface of the door sill.
- the sealing device at least partially consists of a Elastomer is produced and constructed in such a way that a pretensioning force can be generated between the sealing element and the support area by means of a deformation of an area of the sealing device comprising the elastomer.
- this pretensioning force is supported - at least in components - as a normal force on the sealing surface and on the underside of the door device.
- the sealing element and support device are made in one piece from an elastomer and thus form the sealing device.
- the sealing device has a pretensioning spring for generating the pretensioning force between the support area and the sealing element. If the sealing element is displaced along the travel path in the direction of the support area, the pretensioning force can be generated between the sealing element and the support area.
- a vehicle with a car body wherein access from an outside of the vehicle to the interior of the car body is made possible with the aid of a door device according to one of the embodiments described above or a combination thereof.
- a vehicle in particular a rail vehicle, is also disclosed.
- This comprises a car body mounted so as to be mobile on wheels, in the interior of which passengers can be accommodated, which for this purpose has a floor and a door device according to one or more of the preceding embodiments.
- this sealing dimension being to be measured in the vertical direction between a door frame of the door frame and the sealing surface of the door sill of the door frame.
- This sealing dimension can thus correspond to the height of the door opening in the vertical direction.
- a longitudinal dimension of the door leaf is to be measured, the longitudinal dimension indicating the height of the door leaf, measured between the top and bottom of the door leaf in the vertical direction with respect to the mounted state of the door leaf.
- a setting dimension can be determined, the setting dimension representing the position of the sealing device in the installed state relative to the underside of the door leaf.
- the position of the sealing device in the adjustment direction is preferably specified with the setting dimension.
- the position of the sealing device relative to the underside of the door leaf is now set according to the setting dimension, the setting dimension being selected so that when the door device is closed, the sealing device exerts a defined normal force via the sealing element on the sealing surface of the door frame.
- a prefabricated collection of information is preferably used to determine the adjustment dimension, for example a table, with a certain adjustment dimension being specified for each sealing dimension of the door frame with a certain longitudinal dimension of the door leaf, at which the certain normal force is achieved - in the closed state of the door device.
- a rail vehicle 100 is shown. This comprises two passenger wagons with two car bodies 101, which are supported on rails so that they can be moved via wheels 104. Access for passengers from an outside 103 of the rail vehicle 100 to an interior 102 of the respective car body 101 is made possible with the aid of a door device 1.
- two door leaves 26 are arranged in a door frame 21 of the car body 101, the door frame 21 delimiting a door opening and having a door frame 24 lying above and a door sill 22 lying below.
- the door sill 22 can be designed as part of a floor 105 of the car body 101.
- the door leaves 26 are arranged displaceably on the car body 101 or on the door frame 21.
- the door device 1 is therefore to be regarded as a sliding door.
- the door leaves 26 of the door device 1 open and close according to the present exemplary embodiment through an interaction of a first direction of movement 30 and a second direction of movement 32.
- the first direction of movement 30 runs essentially horizontally and in the transverse direction 108 with respect to the rail vehicle 100 second direction of movement 32 aligned horizontally in the longitudinal direction 107.
- the door leaves 26 initially move essentially exclusively in the first direction of movement 30 out of the door plane 29 in the direction of the outside 103.
- the door leaves 26 can be shifted in the second direction of movement 32 in such a way that the door leaves 26 are shifted beyond the outer wall of the car body 101.
- the closing process of the door device 1 takes place in the opposite direction.
- Fig. 2 shows a detail of a cross section through a first embodiment of the door device 1 according to the line AA Fig. 1 .
- a lower area of the door leaf 26 is shown with a sealing device 5, the sealing device 5 being fastened to an underside 27 of the door leaf 26 via a housing 2 of a receptacle 3.
- the rail vehicle 100 is located according to Fig. 2 next to a platform edge 106, so that the floor 105 is aligned horizontally. Ideally, a part of the floor 105 facing an outer side 103 is at the same level as the platform edge 106.
- the sloping sealing surface 23 of the door sill 22 leads up from this part of the floor 105 and then merges into the remaining area of the vehicle floor.
- the sealing surface 23 is inclined relative to a horizontal, ie relative to a horizontally running plane, at an angle ⁇ of approx.
- the sealing device 5 is composed of a sealing element 9, a support area 13 and pretensioning means 8, the sealing element 9 being mounted and / or guided along a travel path 7 so as to be displaceable on and in the support area 13.
- the support area 13 is designed in such a way that the travel path 7 is straight in relation to the cross section AA, and in particular that the support area 13 serves as a corresponding guide device for the sealing element 9 during the displacement process.
- the pretensioning means 8 are effectively mounted between the support area 13 and the sealing element 9, so that the sealing element 9 is pressed onto the sealing surface 23 of the door sill 22 with a normal force N.
- the normal force N results from the preload force F in accordance with the angle ⁇ .
- the travel 7 according to FIG. Fig. 2 essentially perpendicular to the transverse direction 108.
- the sealing element 9 is held via the sealing device 5 in the receptacle 3 by means of adjustment fastening means 4, a position of the sealing device 5 being adjustable with respect to the housing 2 and thus also with respect to the underside 27 of the door leaf 26 according to an adjustment direction 6.
- the adjustability is achieved in that initially the adjustment fastening means 4, for example screws, are loosened and the position of the sealing device 5 is selected and adjusted according to an adjustment dimension 12 in the adjustment direction 6.
- fixing e.g. B. tightening, the adjustment fastener 4, the sealing device 5 is fixed.
- the sealing effect between the sealing device 5 and the sealing surface 23 is achieved in that the sealing element 9 is pressed onto the sealing surface 23 with a sufficient normal force N in a sealing direction 10.
- the illustrated first embodiment of the door device 1, the adjustment direction 6 and the travel 7, and thus also the pretensioning force F, are essentially parallel to one another.
- the pretensioning force F acts according to the angle ⁇ of the sealing surface 23 reduced as a normal force N on the sealing surface 23, the normal force N between the sealing element 9 and the sealing surface 23 being the decisive variable for achieving a specific, desired sealing effect.
- This normal force N is generated during the closing process of the door device:
- the sealing element 9 of the sealing device 5 moves, caused by the wedge effect of the inclined sealing surface 23, according to the travel 7 against the pretensioning means 8 and presses them together.
- the pretensioning force F generated in this way is supported against the support area 23 and thus also against the underside 27 of the door leaf 26 and acts in the opposite direction, via the sealing element 9 according to the angle component, as a normal force N on the sealing surface 23 of the door sill 22.
- the present embodiment of the sealing device 5 with a displaceable sealing element 9, spring-like biasing means 8 and a U-shaped support area 13 is an exemplary embodiment which is intended to represent the basic idea of the invention in a striking manner, but not restrictive in a detailed manner should. Rather, it is within the scope of the present invention to design the support area, the pretensioning means and the sealing element integrated, in particular in one piece: For example, the entire sealing element can be made from an elastomer with flexible sealing lips, the sealing lips deforming according to the travel path with respect to a supporting area of the sealing device can and thus the same function as the sealing device 5 Fig. 2 can be represented.
- a gasket 28 of the door leaf 26 and a gasket 25 door frame 21 are first measured.
- the sealing dimension 28 of the door leaf 26 is to be measured in accordance with the longitudinal extent or the height in the vertical direction 109.
- the sealing dimension 25 of the door frame 21 corresponds to the height of the door frame 21 in the vertical direction. According to a previously known table, or by calculation, the adjustment dimension 12 can thus be determined so that the expansion of the door leaf 26 together with the sealing device 5 causes a certain normal force N when the door device 1 is closed, and the corresponding desired sealing effect is achieved.
- the second embodiment of the door device 1 shown corresponds essentially to the first embodiment from FIG Fig. 2 , wherein the sealing device 5 and the housing 2 are fastened in an angled form on the underside 27 of the door leaf.
- the inclination of the sealing device 5 corresponds to the angle ⁇ of the sealing surface 23 with respect to the horizontal, so that the prestressing force F caused by the prestressing means 8 is equal to the normal force N.
- the support area 13 is constructed in such a way that the travel path 7 is straight in relation to the cross section AA of the door device 1, and in particular that the support area 13 forms a guide device for guiding the sealing element 9 during the displacement process.
- the support area 13 forms a guide device for guiding the sealing element 9 during the displacement process.
- the support area 13 forms a guide device for guiding the sealing element 9 during the displacement process.
- the travel path 7 based on the cross section AA of the door device 1, has both a directional component in the transverse direction 108 and a directional component in the vertical direction 109.
- the travel path 7 optionally runs perpendicular to the inclined surface of the door sill 22.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Türvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug für den Personentransport, insbesondere für ein Schienenfahrzeug oder für einen Bus. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Montageverfahren für den Zusammenbau einer solchen Türvorrichtung.The present invention relates to a door device for a vehicle for passenger transport, in particular for a rail vehicle or for a bus. The invention also relates to an assembly method for assembling such a door device.
Es ist bekannt, dass Fahrzeuge zum Massentransport von Personen oftmals Schwenkschiebetüren oder Faltklapptüren aufweisen, durch welche Passagiere in das Fahrzeug einsteigen und daraus aussteigen können. Für gewöhnlich sind diese Türen so gestaltet, dass sie in platzsparender Weise die Türöffnung freigeben können, und somit am oder im Fahrzeug wartenden Personen nicht durch ein Ausschwenken behindert werden.It is known that vehicles for the mass transport of people often have pivoting sliding doors or folding flap doors through which passengers can get into and out of the vehicle. These doors are usually designed in such a way that they can release the door opening in a space-saving manner, and thus people waiting on or in the vehicle are not hindered by swinging them out.
Durch die Verwendung von Schwenkschiebetüren wird erreicht, dass das Ein- und Aussteigen der Passagiere schnell vonstattengehen kann. Zusätzlich dazu, um ein schnelles Ein- und Aussteigen von Passagieren zu ermöglichen, besteht eine weitere Anforderung an solche Türvorrichtungen, den Innenraum des Fahrzeugs nach außen abzudichten.The use of pivoting sliding doors ensures that passengers can get on and off quickly. In addition to enabling passengers to get on and off quickly, there is a further requirement for such door devices to seal off the interior of the vehicle from the outside.
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Derartige Türvorrichtungen mit Dichtungen bewirken zum einen eine nicht ausreichende Dichtfunktion oder sind nicht an allen Dichtkanten der Türvorrichtung - zum Beispiel an der Türschwelle - anwendbar. Weiterhin sind bekannte Lösungen zum effektiven Abdichten sehr komplex aufgebaut.Door devices of this type with seals, on the one hand, have an inadequate sealing function or cannot be used on all sealing edges of the door device - for example on the door sill. Furthermore, known solutions for effective sealing have a very complex structure.
Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Türvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug bereitzustellen, welche einen einfachen und robusten Aufbau aufweist, gleichzeitig eine ausreichende Druckertüchtigung des Fahrzeugs ermöglicht, ohne den Anwendungscharakter des Fahrzeugs, insbesondere die einfache Zugänglichkeit des Fahrzeugs, negativ zu beeinflussen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a door device for a vehicle which has a simple and robust structure and at the same time enables the vehicle to be sufficiently pressurized without adversely affecting the application character of the vehicle, in particular the easy accessibility of the vehicle.
Gemäß einer weiteren Aufgabe soll ein Verfahren zur Montage einer solchen Türvorrichtung in einem Fahrzeug angegeben werden, wobei der Montageaufwand gering zu halten ist und eine hohe Flexibilität hinsichtlich der Komponentenherstellung mit sich bringen soll.According to a further object, a method for assembling such a door device in a vehicle is to be specified, wherein the assembly effort is to be kept low and is to bring a high degree of flexibility with regard to the production of components.
Die obige Aufgabe wird durch eine Türvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 und durch ein Fahrzeug mit einer Türvorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 gelöst, wobei die Türvorrichtung mindestens ein Türblatt mit einer an einer Unterseite des Türblatts oder im Bereich einer Unterseite des Türblatts angeordneten Dichtvorrichtung, einen Türrahmen zur Aufnahme und Lagerung des Türblatts und eine Türschwelle mit einer Dichtfläche umfasst.The above object is achieved by a door device for a vehicle according to
Die Türvorrichtung kann dabei in einem Wagenkasten des Fahrzeugs vorgesehen sein, wobei der Türrahmen und die Türschwelle der Türvorrichtung zumindest teilweise von Komponenten des Wagenkastens gebildet werden können. Beispielsweise kann die Türschwelle eine separate Komponente des Bodens oder einstückig mit diesem gestaltet sein.The door device can be provided in a car body of the vehicle, the door frame and the door sill of the door device being at least partially formed by components of the car body. For example, the door threshold can be designed as a separate component of the floor or in one piece with it.
Wenn die Türvorrichtung in dem Fahrzeug montiert ist, nimmt die Dichtfläche der Türschwelle gegenüber einer Horizontalen einen Winkel α von 20° bis 60° ein. Die Horizontale definiert sich dabei an einer ebenen Ausrichtung des Fahrzeugs, zum Beispiel wenn das Fahrzeug auf einem ebenen Prüfstand oder auf einem nicht abschüssigen oder Kurven-geneigten Gleis eines Bahnhofs steht. Die Ausrichtung in der Horizontalen lässt sich beispielsweise mithilfe einer handelsüblichen Wasserwaage feststellen.When the door device is mounted in the vehicle, the sealing surface of the door threshold assumes an angle α of 20 ° to 60 ° with respect to the horizontal. The The horizontal is defined by a level alignment of the vehicle, for example when the vehicle is on a level test bench or on a non-sloping or curved track of a train station. The horizontal alignment can be determined, for example, using a commercially available spirit level.
Weiterhin ist das Türblatt derart am Türrahmen gelagert, sodass eine erste Bewegungsrichtung des Türblatts während des Öffnung- bzw. Schließvorgangs im Wesentlichen in der Horizontalen und im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des Schienenfahrzeugs verläuft. Weist das Fahrzeug beispielsweise vertikal verlaufende Seitenwände auf, in denen die Türvorrichtung angeordnet ist, so würde die erste, horizontale Bewegungsrichtung bedeuten, dass sich das Türblatt während des Schließvorgangs von außen in horizontaler Richtung - also senkrecht zu den Seitenwänden - in die von dem Türrahmen gebildete Türöffnung schiebt bzw. hineingezogen wird. Im Falle dass ein Schienenfahrzeug schräg ausgerichtete Seitenwände aufweisen würde - zum Beispiel mit einem trapezoiden Querschnitt - so könnte die erste Bewegungsrichtung des Türblatts statt in einer Horizontalen bezüglich des Fahrzeugs auch senkrecht zu den Seitenwänden ausgerichtet sein. In diesem Fall würde sich die anspruchsgemäße Definition der Horizontalen nicht auf das Fahrzeug beziehen, sondern sollte auf die senkrechte Ausrichtung bezüglich der Seitenwände zu verstehen sein.Furthermore, the door leaf is mounted on the door frame in such a way that a first direction of movement of the door leaf during the opening or closing process runs essentially in the horizontal and essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle. If the vehicle has, for example, vertically running side walls in which the door device is arranged, the first, horizontal direction of movement would mean that the door leaf moves from the outside in the horizontal direction - i.e. perpendicular to the side walls - into that formed by the door frame during the closing process Door opening pushes or is pulled in. In the event that a rail vehicle would have obliquely aligned side walls - for example with a trapezoidal cross section - the first direction of movement of the door leaf could also be aligned perpendicular to the side walls instead of in a horizontal direction with respect to the vehicle. In this case, the claimed definition of the horizontal would not relate to the vehicle, but should be understood to mean the vertical alignment with respect to the side walls.
Weiterhin ist es denkbar, dass die Türvorrichtung eine zweite Bewegungsrichtung aufweist. Im Falle einer Schwenkschiebetür würde die zweite Bewegungsrichtung in Längsrichtung des Fahrzeugs ausgerichtet sein: Beim Öffnen der Schwenkschiebe-Türvorrichtung würde das Türblatt anfänglich in der ersten, horizontalen und senkrecht zur Längsrichtung verlaufenden Bewegungsrichtung aus der Öffnung des Türrahmens zumindest teilweise parallel herausbewegt werden, wobei im Folgenden das Türblatt in einer zweiten, horizontalen, parallel zur Längsrichtung verlaufenden Bewegungsrichtung über die Seitenwände des Wagenkastens geschoben werden würde. Die erste Bewegungsrichtung und die zweite Bewegungsrichtung können ineinander übergehen, und somit auch gleichzeitig die Bewegung des Türblatts beschreiben.It is also conceivable that the door device has a second direction of movement. In the case of a pivoting sliding door, the second direction of movement would be aligned in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle: When the pivoting and sliding door device is opened, the door leaf would initially be moved out of the opening of the door frame in the first, horizontal and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, at least partially in parallel, with the following the door leaf would be pushed over the side walls of the car body in a second, horizontal direction of movement running parallel to the longitudinal direction. The first direction of movement and the second direction of movement can merge and thus also describe the movement of the door leaf at the same time.
Gemäß einer optionalen Ausführungsform erfolgt die Bewegung des Türblatts während des Dichtvorgangs - also während des Herstellens des Dichtungskontakts von Dichtvorrichtung und Dichtfläche - im Wesentlichen ohne eine Bewegung in der zweiten, horizontalen, in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Bewegungsrichtung, sondern gemäß einer Translation des Türblatts in der ersten, horizontalen und senkrecht zur Längsrichtung verlaufenden Bewegungsrichtung.According to an optional embodiment, the movement of the door leaf takes place during the sealing process - that is, during the establishment of the sealing contact between the sealing device and the sealing surface - essentially without a movement in the second, horizontal, longitudinal direction of movement, but in accordance with a Translation of the door leaf in the first, horizontal and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of movement.
Gemäß einer weiterführenden Ausgestaltung der obigen, optionalen Ausführungsform vollführt das Türblatt während des Abdichtvorgangs zusätzlich eine Bewegung gemäß einer dritten, vertikalen, zur Längsrichtung und Querrichtung senkrecht verlaufenden Bewegungsrichtung.According to a further refinement of the above, optional embodiment, the door leaf also performs a movement during the sealing process in accordance with a third, vertical movement direction running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and transverse direction.
Ist die Türvorrichtung geschlossen, so wirken das Dichtelement und die Dichtfläche abdichtend zusammen und definieren so eine Dichtrichtung, welche im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Dichtfläche verläuft. Die Dichtrichtung entspricht im Wesentlichen einer Richtung einer Normalkraft, die während des Abdichtvorgangs zwischen dem Dichtelement und der Dichtfläche aufgebaut wird.If the door device is closed, the sealing element and the sealing surface act together in a sealing manner and thus define a sealing direction which is essentially perpendicular to the sealing surface. The sealing direction essentially corresponds to a direction of a normal force that is built up between the sealing element and the sealing surface during the sealing process.
Um eine effektive Dichtwirkung zu erhalten, weist die Dichtvorrichtung einen Abstützbereich und ein Dichtelement auf, wobei der Abstützbereich der Unterseite des Türblatts zugewandt ist, und das Dichtelement wiederum gegenüber dem Abstützbereich abgewandt angeordnet ist.In order to obtain an effective sealing effect, the sealing device has a support area and a sealing element, the support area facing the underside of the door leaf, and the sealing element in turn being arranged facing away from the support area.
Einer Ausführungsform entsprechend ist das Dichtelement gegenüber dem Abstützbereich entlang eines Verfahrweges verschiebbar angeordnet. Insbesondere sind Abstützbereich und Dichtelement derart ausgebildet, dass der Verfahrweg, insbesondere bezogen auf einen Querschnitt der Dichtvorrichtung, geradlinig verläuft, oder derart, dass sich das Dichtelement beim Verfahren nur in einer Ebene bewegt. Insbesondere kann der Abstützbereich als Führungsvorrichtung zur Führung des Dichtelements entlang des Verfahrweges ausgebildet sein. Der Verfahrweg wird somit durch die entsprechend konfigurierte Führungsvorrichtung definiert. Insbesondere verläuft der Verfahrweg zumindest teilweise senkrecht zur Querrichtung. D.h. der Verfahrweg hat zumindest eine Richtungskomponente, welche senkrecht zur Richtung einer Haupt-(außen-)Druckbelastung des Fahrzeugs verläuft.According to one embodiment, the sealing element is arranged to be displaceable relative to the support area along a travel path. In particular, the support area and the sealing element are designed in such a way that the travel path, in particular in relation to a cross section of the sealing device, runs in a straight line, or in such a way that the sealing element only moves in one plane during the process. In particular, the support area can be designed as a guide device for guiding the sealing element along the travel path. The travel path is thus defined by the appropriately configured guide device. In particular, the travel path runs at least partially perpendicular to the transverse direction. This means that the travel path has at least one directional component that runs perpendicular to the direction of a main (external) pressure load on the vehicle.
Zur Erzeugung einer zwischen dem Abstützbereich und dem Dichtelement wirkenden Vorspannkraft können dabei Vorspannmittel vorgesehen sein, wobei die Vorspannkraft zumindest teilweise in Richtung der Normalkraft und/oder der Dichtrichtung ausgerichtet ist. Vorzugsweise können die Vorspannmittel zwischen Dichtelement und Abstützbereich derart vorgesehen sein, dass die Vorspannkraft parallel zur Dichtrichtung ausgerichtet ist.To generate a prestressing force acting between the support area and the sealing element, prestressing means can be provided, the prestressing force being at least partially oriented in the direction of the normal force and / or the sealing direction. Preferably, the biasing means between the sealing element and Support area can be provided in such a way that the prestressing force is aligned parallel to the sealing direction.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das Dichtelement derart ausgebildet und beweglich, insbesondere beweglich in Richtung des Verfahrweges und/oder der Vorspannkraft, am Abstützbereich angeordnet, so dass mittels des Dichtelements ein abdichtender und unter Vorspannung stehender Kontakt mit einer Dichtfläche der Türvorrichtung herstellbar ist.According to a further embodiment, the sealing element is designed and movable, in particular movable in the direction of the travel path and / or the pretensioning force, arranged on the support area, so that a sealing and pretensioned contact with a sealing surface of the door device can be produced by means of the sealing element.
Durch die Anwendung der im voranstehenden angegebenen Lehre, gemäß einem oder mehreren Ausführungsbeispiele, wird erstmalig eine Türvorrichtung bereitgestellt, die einen barrierefreien Zugang in und aus dem Fahrzeug ermöglicht, wobei gleichzeitig eine effektive Dichtung der Türkantenunterseite erreicht wird. Dies gelingt durch die Ausprägung der Türschwelle bzw. durch die daran angeordnete, schräge Dichtfläche und durch die Anbringung der Dichtvorrichtung an der Unterseite des Türblatts oder in einem Bereich dieser Unterseite. Indem die Neigung der Dichtfläche in dem angegebenen Winkelbereich gehalten wird, kann diese beispielsweise in einfacher Weise von einem Rollstuhl überwunden werden.By applying the teaching given above, according to one or more exemplary embodiments, a door device is provided for the first time, which enables barrier-free access in and out of the vehicle, with an effective seal of the underside of the door edge being achieved at the same time. This is achieved through the design of the door threshold or through the inclined sealing surface arranged thereon and through the attachment of the sealing device to the underside of the door leaf or in a region of this underside. By keeping the inclination of the sealing surface in the specified angular range, it can be overcome, for example, in a simple manner by a wheelchair.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform weist die Türvorrichtung und/oder die untere Dichtfläche keine Stufe auf, welche den Zugang in das Fahrzeug erschweren würde. Insbesondere ist im Bereich eines Ein- und Ausstiegs des Fahrzeugs keine Stufe vorhanden. Insbesondere wiese eine solche Stufe in diesem Sinne eine vertikale oder schräge Flanke auf, die für Menschen mit einer Einschränkung der Geh-Befähigung hinderlich wirken könnte, wobei die Flanke gegenüber dem Boden und/oder der Horizontalen einen Winkel von 61° bis 90° einnähme.According to one embodiment, the door device and / or the lower sealing surface does not have a step which would make access to the vehicle more difficult. In particular, there is no step in the area of entry and exit of the vehicle. In particular, such a step would have a vertical or inclined flank in this sense, which could be a hindrance for people with limited walking ability, the flank assuming an angle of 61 ° to 90 ° with respect to the floor and / or the horizontal.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann die Dichtfläche mit der Horizontalen einen Winkel von 25 bis 50°, bevorzugt 30 bis 40° einschließen.According to a further embodiment, the sealing surface can enclose an angle of 25 to 50 °, preferably 30 to 40 °, with the horizontal.
Im Zuge langwieriger Entwicklungsarbeit hat sich ergeben, dass der untere Wert des Winkels ausschlaggebend dafür ist, dass die Dichtvorrichtung im Zusammenspiel mit der Dichtfläche eine ausreichende Dichtwirkung erzeugt, und dass der obere Wert des Winkels die Grenzen der barrierefreien Zugänglichkeit aufzeigt.In the course of lengthy development work, it has emerged that the lower value of the angle is decisive for ensuring that the sealing device creates a sufficient sealing effect in conjunction with the sealing surface, and that the upper value of the angle shows the limits of barrier-free accessibility.
Die barrierefreie Zugänglichkeit kann insbesondere dadurch verbessert werden, indem eine Dichtflächenhöhe der schrägen Dichtfläche, also die Ausdehnung der schrägen Dichtfläche in vertikaler Richtung, weniger als 50 mm, bevorzugt weniger als 40 mm, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 30 mm beträgt.The barrier-free accessibility can in particular be improved by a sealing surface height of the inclined sealing surface, i.e. the extent of the inclined sealing surface in the vertical direction, being less than 50 mm, preferably less than 40 mm, particularly preferably less than 30 mm.
In Erweiterung dieses Grundprinzips wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, die Dichtvorrichtung über den Abstützbereich derart an der Unterseite der Türvorrichtung zu befestigen, sodass die Dichtungsvorrichtung hinsichtlich ihrer Position bezüglich der Unterseite in einer Justierrichtung einstellbar ist. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, dass - bei geschlossener Türvorrichtung - ein Vorhandensein einer bestimmten Normalkraft zwischen der Dichtfläche und dem Dichtelement sichergestellt werden kann, wodurch eine Mindest-Dichtwirkung zwischen Dichtfläche und Dichtelement bereitgestellt wird.As an extension of this basic principle, it is proposed according to the invention to fasten the sealing device on the underside of the door device via the support area in such a way that the sealing device can be adjusted in an adjustment direction with regard to its position with respect to the underside. In this way it is achieved that - when the door device is closed - the presence of a certain normal force between the sealing surface and the sealing element can be ensured, whereby a minimum sealing effect is provided between the sealing surface and the sealing element.
Dazu können zum Beispiel Einstellbefestigungsmittel verwendet werden, welche eine einstellbare Verbindung zwischen der Unterseite der Türvorrichtung und der Dichtvorrichtung ermöglichen.For this purpose, adjustment fastening means can be used, for example, which enable an adjustable connection between the underside of the door device and the sealing device.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, wird die Dichtvorrichtung in einer Aufnahme an der Unterseite des Türblatts, vorzugsweise teil-formschlüssig, angeordnet, wobei die Einstellbefestigungsmittel zwischen der Aufnahme und dem Abstützbereich der Dichtvorrichtung wirksam angeordnet sind. Dies führt zu einer besonders kompakten und versagensresistenten Bauweise der Türvorrichtung.According to one embodiment of the invention, the sealing device is arranged in a receptacle on the underside of the door leaf, preferably in a partially form-fitting manner, the adjustment fastening means being effectively arranged between the receptacle and the support area of the sealing device. This leads to a particularly compact and failure-resistant design of the door device.
Dieser Ausgestaltung folgend kann die Aufnahme zumindest teileweise einen U-Form-ähnlichen Querschnitt, und der Abstützbereich eine mit einer Innenseite der Aufnahme korrespondierende Außenform derart aufweisen, so dass die Dichtvorrichtung von der Aufnahme verschiebbar aufgenommen wird und zumindest teilweise daran abgestützt ist.Following this embodiment, the receptacle can at least partially have a U-shape-like cross-section, and the support area can have an outer shape corresponding to an inside of the receptacle such that the sealing device is slidably received by the receptacle and is at least partially supported on it.
Denkbar ist in diesem Zusammenhang auch, die Dichtvorrichtung zumindest teilweise in einem Gehäuse der Aufnahme so anzuordnen, dass die Dichtvorrichtung eine Gehäuseöffnung des Gehäuses der Aufnahme mit dem Dichtelement zumindest teilweise überragt. Diese Anordnung führt dazu, dass die Dichtvorrichtung geschützt an der Türvorrichtung angeordnet ist und somit eine erhöhte Robustheit gegen Beschädigung erlangt.In this context, it is also conceivable to arrange the sealing device at least partially in a housing of the receptacle in such a way that the sealing device at least partially projects beyond a housing opening of the housing of the receptacle with the sealing element. This arrangement leads to the sealing device being arranged in a protected manner on the door device and thus being more robust against damage.
Weiterhin ermöglicht die Einstellbarkeit der Position der Dichtvorrichtung bezüglich des Türblatts, herstellungsbedingte Toleranzen der Größe des Türrahmens und/oder des Türblatts auszugleichen. Etwaige Abweichungen eines Dichtmaßes - die SOLLPosition der Dichtvorrichtung relativ zur Dichtfläche im montierten Zustand - können auf diese Weise kompensiert und korrigiert werden. Dies führt zu einer wesentlichen Verbesserung der Herstellung der Türvorrichtung des Fahrzeugs, da Fertigungstoleranzen des Türblatts und des Türrahmens großzügiger angegeben werden können, wobei die durch erhöhte Toleranzen verursachte Abmaß-Deviation mittels der Justierbarkeit der Dichtvorrichtung in Justierrichtung ausgeglichen werden kann.Furthermore, the adjustability of the position of the sealing device with respect to the door leaf makes it possible to compensate for manufacturing-related tolerances of the size of the door frame and / or the door leaf. Any deviations in a sealing dimension - the TARGET position of the sealing device relative to the sealing surface in the assembled state - can be compensated and corrected in this way. This leads to a significant improvement in the manufacture of the door device of the vehicle, since manufacturing tolerances of the door leaf and the door frame can be specified more generously, whereby the dimensional deviation caused by increased tolerances can be compensated for by means of the adjustability of the sealing device in the adjustment direction.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung verläuft die Justierrichtung zumindest teilweise in Dichtrichtung. Auf diese Weise wird die Kompensation von Toleranz-Abweichungen und das damit verbundene Bereitstellen einer konstanten, zwischen der Dichtfläche und der Dichtvorrichtung wirkenden Normalkraft vereinfacht.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the adjustment direction runs at least partially in the sealing direction. In this way, the compensation of tolerance deviations and the associated provision of a constant normal force acting between the sealing surface and the sealing device is simplified.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Dichtvorrichtung derart ausgebildet und variabel an der Unterseite des Türblatts befestigt, dass der Verfahrweg des Dichtelements bezüglich des Abstützbereichs und die Justierrichtung der Dichtvorrichtung bezüglich der Unterseite der Türvorrichtung im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufen. Die gleiche Ausrichtung des Verfahrweges, der Justierrichtung, und gegebenenfalls auch der Dichtrichtung führt zu einer besonderen effektiven Abdichtung und Toleranzkompensation der Türvorrichtung.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the sealing device is designed and variably fastened to the underside of the door leaf in such a way that the travel path of the sealing element with respect to the support area and the adjustment direction of the sealing device with respect to the underside of the door device run essentially parallel to one another. The same alignment of the travel path, the adjustment direction and possibly also the sealing direction leads to a particularly effective sealing and tolerance compensation of the door device.
Zusätzlich dazu können das Türblatt und die Dichtvorrichtung so ausgestaltet und zueinander angeordnet sein, dass die Justierrichtung und/oder der Verfahrweg im Wesentlichen parallel zu einer Türebene des Türblatts und/oder der Vertikalrichtung ausgerichtet sind. Diese Maßnahme führt zu einer weiteren Verbesserung der Abdichtung und der Toleranzkompensation.In addition to this, the door leaf and the sealing device can be designed and arranged with respect to one another in such a way that the adjustment direction and / or the travel path are oriented essentially parallel to a door plane of the door leaf and / or the vertical direction. This measure leads to a further improvement in the seal and tolerance compensation.
Weiterhin ist denkbar, die Dichtvorrichtung derart zu gestalten und an der Türvorrichtung auszubilden, dass die Justierrichtung im Wesentlichen parallel zu einer Türebene des Türblatts und/oder in Vertikalrichtung verläuft, und der Verfahrweg im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Dichtfläche der Türschwelle ausgerichtet ist.It is also conceivable to design the sealing device and form it on the door device in such a way that the adjustment direction runs essentially parallel to a door plane of the door leaf and / or in the vertical direction, and the travel path is oriented essentially perpendicular to the sealing surface of the door sill.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird eine zusätzliche oder alternative Ausführungsform offenbart, wobei die Dichtvorrichtung zumindest teilweise aus einem Elastomer hergestellt und derart aufgebaut wird, sodass mittels einer Verformung eines das Elastomer umfassenden Bereichs der Dichtvorrichtung eine Vorspannkraft zwischen dem Dichtelement und dem Abstützbereich erzeugbar ist. Diese Vorspannkraft stützt sich im geschlossenen Zustand der Türvorrichtung - zumindest komponentenweise - als Normalkraft an der Dichtfläche und an der Unterseite der Türvorrichtung ab. Bei geeigneter Ausprägung der Dichtvorrichtung, insbesondere des Dichtelements der Dichtvorrichtung, kann erreicht werden, dass kein expliziter Verfahrweg zwischen dem Dichtelement und dem Abstützbereich vorgesehen werden muss, da dieser Verfahrweg durch die Flexibilität des Dichtelements in alternativer Weise bereitgestellt wird. Anstatt das gesamte Dichtelement gemäß dem Verfahrweg vollständig zu verschieben, wird dies durch ein Verschieben bzw. Verformung eines Bereichs des Dichtelements (zum Beispiel der Dichtlippen) ermöglicht. Insbesondere sind Dichtelement und Abstützvorrichtung einstückig aus einem Elastomer hergestellt und bilden somit die Dichtvorrichtung.In the context of the invention, an additional or alternative embodiment is disclosed, wherein the sealing device at least partially consists of a Elastomer is produced and constructed in such a way that a pretensioning force can be generated between the sealing element and the support area by means of a deformation of an area of the sealing device comprising the elastomer. In the closed state of the door device, this pretensioning force is supported - at least in components - as a normal force on the sealing surface and on the underside of the door device. With a suitable design of the sealing device, in particular the sealing element of the sealing device, it can be achieved that no explicit travel path has to be provided between the sealing element and the support area, since this travel path is provided in an alternative manner by the flexibility of the sealing element. Instead of completely shifting the entire sealing element according to the travel path, this is made possible by shifting or deforming a region of the sealing element (for example the sealing lips). In particular, the sealing element and support device are made in one piece from an elastomer and thus form the sealing device.
Die oben erwähnten, expliziten Vorspannmittel zwischen Dichtelement und Abstützbereich würden aufgrund der Funktionsübernahme durch das Dichtelement selber - zum Beispiel durch die Flexibilität von Dichtlippen bezüglich des übrigen Dichtelements - obsolet werden.The above-mentioned explicit pretensioning means between the sealing element and the support area would become obsolete due to the function being taken over by the sealing element itself - for example due to the flexibility of sealing lips with respect to the rest of the sealing element.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ ist denkbar, dass die Dichtvorrichtung eine Vorspannfeder zur Erzeugung der Vorspannkraft zwischen Abstützbereich und Dichtelement aufweist. Wird das Dichtelement entlang des Verfahrweges in Richtung des Abstützbereiches verschoben, so ist die Vorspannkraft zwischen dem Dichtelement und dem Abstützbereich erzeugbar.Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that the sealing device has a pretensioning spring for generating the pretensioning force between the support area and the sealing element. If the sealing element is displaced along the travel path in the direction of the support area, the pretensioning force can be generated between the sealing element and the support area.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird ein Fahrzeug mit einem Wagenkasten offenbart, wobei der Zugang von einer Außenseite des Fahrzeugs zum Innenraum des Wagenkastens mithilfe einer Türvorrichtung gemäß einer der im Voranstehenden beschriebenen Ausführungsformen oder einer Kombination derer ermöglicht wird.In the context of the invention, a vehicle with a car body is disclosed, wherein access from an outside of the vehicle to the interior of the car body is made possible with the aid of a door device according to one of the embodiments described above or a combination thereof.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird weiterhin ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Schienenfahrzeug, offenbart. Dieses umfasst einen auf Rädern fahrbar gelagerten Wagenkasten, in dessen Innenraum Passagiere aufgenommen werden können, der zu diesem Zweck einen Boden und eine Türvorrichtung nach einem oder mehrerer der vorangestellten Ausführungsformen aufweist.In the context of the invention, a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, is also disclosed. This comprises a car body mounted so as to be mobile on wheels, in the interior of which passengers can be accommodated, which for this purpose has a floor and a door device according to one or more of the preceding embodiments.
Die Aufgabe ein vorteilhaftes Verfahren zur Montage einer Türvorrichtung nach einem oder mehrerer der vorangestellten Ausführungsformen wird durch ein entsprechendes Montageverfahren gelöst, welches die folgenden Schritte aufweist:The object of an advantageous method for assembling a door device according to one or more of the preceding embodiments is achieved by a corresponding assembly method which has the following steps:
Messen eines Dichtmaßes des Türrahmens, wobei dieses Dichtmaß zwischen einem Türstock des Türrahmens und der Dichtfläche der Türschwelle des Türrahmens in vertikaler Richtung zu messen ist. Dieses Dichtmaß kann somit der Höhe der Türöffnung in vertikaler Richtung entsprechen.Measuring a sealing dimension of the door frame, this sealing dimension being to be measured in the vertical direction between a door frame of the door frame and the sealing surface of the door sill of the door frame. This sealing dimension can thus correspond to the height of the door opening in the vertical direction.
Weiterhin, jedoch nicht zwingend dem obigen Schritt zeitlich nachgeordnet, ist ein Längsmaß des Türblatts zu messen, wobei das Längsmaß die Höhe des Türblatts, gemessen zwischen Oberseite und Unterseite des Türblatts in vertikaler Richtung bezüglich des montierten Zustand des Türblatts, angibt.Furthermore, but not necessarily after the above step, a longitudinal dimension of the door leaf is to be measured, the longitudinal dimension indicating the height of the door leaf, measured between the top and bottom of the door leaf in the vertical direction with respect to the mounted state of the door leaf.
Mit dem gemessenen Dichtmaß und dem gemessenen Längsmaß kann ein Einstellmaß bestimmt werden, wobei das Einstellmaß die Position der Dichtvorrichtung im verbauten Zustand relativ zur Unterseite des Türblatts repräsentiert. Vorzugsweise wird mit dem Einstellmaß die Position der Dichtvorrichtung in Justierrichtung angegeben.With the measured sealing dimension and the measured longitudinal dimension, a setting dimension can be determined, the setting dimension representing the position of the sealing device in the installed state relative to the underside of the door leaf. The position of the sealing device in the adjustment direction is preferably specified with the setting dimension.
In einem Einstellschritt wird nun die Position der Dichtvorrichtung relativ zu Unterseite des Türblatts entsprechend dem Einstellmaß eingestellt, wobei das Einstellmaß so gewählt ist, dass bei geschlossener Türvorrichtung die Dichtvorrichtung eine definierte Normalkraft über das Dichtelement auf die Dichtfläche des Türrahmens ausübt.In a setting step, the position of the sealing device relative to the underside of the door leaf is now set according to the setting dimension, the setting dimension being selected so that when the door device is closed, the sealing device exerts a defined normal force via the sealing element on the sealing surface of the door frame.
Vorzugsweise wird zur Bestimmung des Einstellmaßes eine vorgefertigter Informationssammlung verwendet, zum Beispiel eine Tabelle, wobei zu jedem Dichtmaß des Türrahmens bei einem bestimmten Längsmaß des Türblatts ein bestimmtes Einstellmaß angegeben wird, bei welchem die bestimmte Normalkraft - im geschlossenen Zustand der Türvorrichtung - erreicht wird.A prefabricated collection of information is preferably used to determine the adjustment dimension, for example a table, with a certain adjustment dimension being specified for each sealing dimension of the door frame with a certain longitudinal dimension of the door leaf, at which the certain normal force is achieved - in the closed state of the door device.
Die vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen können beliebig, jedoch in sinnhafter Weise miteinander kombiniert werden.The embodiments described above can be combined with one another as desired, but in a meaningful way.
Die beiliegenden Zeichnungen veranschaulichen Ausführungsformen und dienen zusammen mit der Beschreibung der Erläuterung der Prinzipien der Erfindung. Die Elemente der Zeichnungen sind relativ zueinander und nicht notwendigerweise maßstabsgetreu.The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The elements of the drawings are relative to one another and not necessarily to scale.
Gleiche Bezugszeichen bezeichnen gleiche oder entsprechend ähnliche Teile.
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Fig. 1 zeigt ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Türvorrichtung; -
Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Türvorrichtung gemäß der Linie A-A ausFig. 1 ; und -
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Türvorrichtung gemäß der Linie A-A ausFig. 1 .
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Fig. 1 shows a rail vehicle with a door device; -
Fig. 2 FIG. 14 shows a sectional illustration of a first embodiment of a door device along the line AA from FIGFig. 1 ; and -
Fig. 3 FIG. 11 shows a sectional illustration of a second embodiment of a door device according to the line AA from FIGFig. 1 .
Zur Verdeutlichung des Gesamtverständnisses wird anhand
In geschlossenem Zustand der Türvorrichtung 1 sind zwei Türblätter 26 in einem Türrahmen 21 des Wagenkastens 101 angeordnet, wobei der Türrahmen 21 eine Türöffnung begrenzt und einen oben liegenden Türstock 24 und eine unten liegende Türschwelle 22 aufweist. Die Türschwelle 22 kann dabei als ein Teil eines Bodens 105 des Wagenkastens 101 ausgebildet sein. Zum Öffnen und Verschließen der Türvorrichtung 1 sind die Türblätter 26 verschiebbar am Wagenkasten 101 oder am Türrahmen 21 angeordnet. Die Türvorrichtung 1 ist also als Schiebetür anzusehen.In the closed state of the
Die Türblätter 26 der Türvorrichtung 1 öffnen und schließen sich gemäß dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel durch ein Zusammenspiel einer ersten Bewegungsrichtung 30 und einer zweiten Bewegungsrichtung 32. Die erste Bewegungsrichtung 30 verläuft dabei bezüglich des Schienenfahrzeugs 100 im Wesentlichen horizontal und in Querrichtung 108. Im Gegensatz dazu ist die zweite Bewegungsrichtung 32 in Längsrichtung 107 horizontal ausgerichtet. Beim Öffnen der Türvorrichtung 1 bewegen sich die Türblätter 26 anfänglich im Wesentlichen ausschließlich in erster Bewegungsrichtung 30 aus der Türebene 29 in Richtung der Außenseite 103 heraus. Sobald die Türblätter 26 die Ebene des Türrahmens 21 verlassen haben kann eine Verschiebung der Türblätter 26 in der zweiten Bewegungsrichtung 32 derart einsetzen, sodass die Türblätter 26 über die Außenwand des Wagenkastens 101 hinaus verschoben werden. Der Schließvorgang der Türvorrichtung 1 erfolgt entsprechend andersherum.The door leaves 26 of the
Das Schienenfahrzeug 100 befindet sich gemäß
Die Dichtvorrichtung 5 setzt sich neben weiteren Komponenten aus einem Dichtelement 9, einem Abstützbereich 13 und Vorspannmitteln 8 zusammen, wobei das Dichtelement 9 gemäß einem Verfahrweg 7 verschiebbar an und in dem Abstützbereich 13 gelagert und/oder geführt ist. Aus
Das Dichtelement 9 wird über die Dichtvorrichtung 5 in der Aufnahme 3 mittels Einstellbefestigungsmitteln 4 gehalten, wobei eine Position der Dichtvorrichtung 5 bezüglich des Gehäuses 2 und damit auch bezüglich der Unterseite 27 des Türblatts 26 gemäß einer Justierrichtung 6 einstellbar ist. Die Einstellbarkeit wird dadurch realisiert, dass anfänglich die Einstellbefestigungsmittel 4, zum Beispiel Schrauben, gelockert sind, und die Position der Dichtvorrichtung 5 gemäß einem Einstellmaß 12 in Justierrichtung 6 gewählt und eingestellt wird. Durch Fixieren, z. B. Festziehen, der Einstellbefestigungsmittel 4 wird die Dichtvorrichtung 5 festgelegt.The sealing
Die Dichtwirkung zwischen Dichtvorrichtung 5 und Dichtfläche 23 wird dadurch erreicht, dass das Dichtelement 9 mit einer ausreichenden Normalkraft N gemäß einer Dichtrichtung 10 auf die Dichtfläche 23 gepresst wird. Gemäß der in
Diese Normalkraft N wird während des Schließvorgang der Türvorrichtung erzeugt: Indem das Türblatt 26 in einer ersten Bewegungsrichtung 30 von der Außenseite 103 in Richtung Innenraum 102 angenähert wird, verschiebt sich das Dichtelement 9 der Dichtvorrichtung 5, verursacht durch die Keilwirkung der schrägen Dichtfläche 23, gemäß dem Verfahrweg 7 gegen die Vorspannmittel 8 und presst diese zusammen. Die dadurch erzeugte Vorspannkraft F stützt sich gegenüber dem Abstützbereich 23 und damit auch gegenüber der Unterseite 27 des Türblatts 26 ab und wirkt in entgegengesetzter Richtung, über das Dichtelement 9 entsprechend der Winkelkomponente, als Normalkraft N auf die Dichtfläche 23 der Türschwelle 22.This normal force N is generated during the closing process of the door device: When the
Es sei angemerkt, dass die vorliegende Ausführungsform der Dichtvorrichtung 5 mit einem verschiebbaren Dichtelement 9, federartigen Vorspannmitteln 8 und einem U-förmigen Abstützbereich 13 eine exemplarische Ausbildung ist, welche die Grundidee der Erfindung plakativ wiedergeben soll, jedoch nicht in detailgetreuer Art beschränkend wirken soll. Vielmehr liegt es im Bereich der vorliegenden Erfindung den Abstützbereich, die Vorspannmittel und das Dichtelement integriert, insbesondere einstückig auszubilden: Zum Beispiel kann das gesamte Dichtelement aus einem Elastomer mit flexiblen Dichtlippen hergestellt sein, wobei die Dichtlippen sich gemäß dem Verfahrweg gegenüber einem Abstützbereich der Dichtvorrichtung verformen können und somit die gleiche Funktion wie die Dichtvorrichtung 5 aus
Bei der Montage der Türvorrichtung 1 im Wagenkasten 101 wird zunächst ein Dichtmaß 28 des Türblatts 26 und ein Dichtmaß 25 Türrahmens 21 gemessen. Das Dichtmaß 28 des Türblatts 26 ist entsprechend der Längsausdehnung, bzw. der Höhe in Vertikalrichtung 109 zu messen. Das Dichtmaß 25 des Türrahmens 21 entspricht der Höhe des Türrahmens 21 in Vertikalrichtung. Gemäß einer vorbekannten Tabelle, oder auch durch Berechnung, kann somit das Einstellmaß 12 bestimmt werden, sodass die Ausdehnung des Türblattes 26 zusammen mit der Dichtvorrichtung 5 im geschlossenen Zustand der Türvorrichtung 1 eine bestimmte Normalkraft N verursacht, und die entsprechende gewünschte Dichtwirkung erzielt wird.During the assembly of the
Die in
Wenngleich hierin spezifische Ausführungsformen dargestellt und beschrieben worden sind, liegt es im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung, die gezeigten Ausführungsformen geeignet zu modifizieren, ohne vom Schutzbereich der vorliegenden Erfindung abzuweichen. Die nachfolgenden Ansprüche stellen einen ersten, nicht bindenden Versuch dar, die Erfindung allgemein zu definieren.While specific embodiments have been shown and described herein, it is within the scope of the present invention to appropriately modify the shown embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention Invention deviate. The following claims represent a first, non-binding attempt to generally define the invention.
- 11
- TürvorrichtungDoor device
- 22
- Gehäusecasing
- 33
- Aufnahmeadmission
- 44th
- EinstellbefestigungsmittelAdjustment fasteners
- 55
- DichtvorrichtungSealing device
- 66th
- JustierrichtungAdjustment direction
- 77th
- VerfahrwegTravel
- 88th
- VorspannmittelPretensioning means
- 99
- DichtelementSealing element
- 1010
- DichtrichtungSealing direction
- 1111
- GehäuseöffnungHousing opening
- 1212th
- EinstellmaßSetting dimension
- 1313th
- AbstützbereichSupport area
- 2121st
- TürrahmenDoor frame
- 2222nd
- TürschwelleDoorstep
- 2323
- DichtflächeSealing surface
- 2424
- TürstockDoor frame
- 2525th
- Dichtmaß des TürrahmensDoor frame seal size
- 2626th
- TürblattDoor leaf
- 2727
- Unterseitebottom
- 2828
- Dichtmaß des TürblattsDensity of the door leaf
- 2929
- TürebeneDoor level
- 3030th
- erste Bewegungsrichtungfirst direction of movement
- 3131
- DichtflächenhöheSealing surface height
- 3232
- zweite Bewegungsrichtungsecond direction of movement
- 100100
- SchienenfahrzeugRail vehicle
- 101101
- WagenkastenCar body
- 102102
- Innenrauminner space
- 103103
- AußenseiteOutside
- 104104
- Radwheel
- 105105
- Bodenground
- 106106
- BahnsteigkantePlatform edge
- 107107
- LängsrichtungLongitudinal direction
- 108108
- QuerrichtungTransverse direction
- 109109
- VertikalrichtungVertical direction
- 00
- FF.
- FederkraftSpring force
- NN
- NormalkraftNormal force
- αα
- Winkelangle
Claims (15)
- Door assembly (1) for a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle (100), comprising- at least one door leaf (26) with sealing means (5) arranged at a region of a lower side (27) of the door leaf (26), a door frame (21) for receiving and supporting the door leaf (26), and a door sill (22) with a sealing surface (23),- wherein the sealing surface (23), in the assembled state of the door assembly (1), is inclined relative to a horizontal plane at an angle (a) of 20° to 60°,- the door leaf (26) is mounted on the door frame (21) in such a way that a first direction of movement (30) of the door leaf (26) during a closing process runs essentially in the horizontal plane,- wherein the sealing means (5) has a support region (13) facing the underside (27) and a sealing element (9) arranged facing away from the support region (13), and in the closed state of the door assembly (1) the sealing element (9) and the sealing surface (23) interact in a sealing manner in a sealing direction (10) extending perpendicularly to the sealing surface (23), and- wherein the sealing element (9) is arranged to be movable under bias relative to the supporting region (13) along a positioning path (7).
- Door assembly (1) according to claim 1, wherein the positioning path (7) extends at least partially in the sealing direction (10).
- Door assembly (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sealing means (5) are fixed to the underside (27) via the support area (13), and a position of the sealing means (5) with respect to the underside (27) of the door leaf (26) is adjustable in an adjustment direction (6).
- Door assembly (1) according to claim 3, wherein the adjustment direction (6) runs at least partially in the sealing direction (10).
- Door assembly (1) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the sealing means (5) are formed and can be variably fastened to the underside (27) of the door leaf (26) in such a way that the positioning path (7) and the adjusting direction (6) run essentially parallel to one another.
- Door assembly (1) according to one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the door leaf (26) and the sealing means (5) are designed and arranged relative to one another such that the adjustment direction (6) and/or the positioning path (7) are aligned substantially parallel to a door plane (29) of the door leaf (26).
- Door assembly (1) according to one of the claims 3 to 6, wherein receiving means (3) are provided on the underside (27) of the door leaf (26) for an at least partially form-fitting reception of the sealing means (5).
- Door assembly (1) according to one of the claims 3 to 7, wherein adjusting fastening means (4) are provided on the underside (27) of the door leaf (26) for fastening the sealing means (5) to the underside (27) in different positions.
- Door assembly (1) according to claim 8, wherein the adjustment fastening means (4) are arranged between the receiving means (3) and the supporting region (13) such that a form-fitting and/or friction-fitting connection between the receiving means (3) and the supporting region (13) can be established as a result.
- Door assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing means (5) are at least partially made of an elastomer and are configured such that a pretensioning force (F) can be generated between the sealing element (9) and the support region (13) by deforming a region of the sealing means (5) comprising the elastomer.
- Door assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing means (5) has a pretensioning means (8) for generating the pretensioning force (F) between the supporting region (13) and the sealing element (9), and the pretensioning force (F) between the sealing element (9) and the supporting region (13) can be varied by displacing the sealing element (9) along the positioning path (7).
- Vehicle, in particular rail vehicle (100), having a vehicle body (101) which is movably mounted on wheels (104) and is intended for accommodating passengers, having an inner volume (102), a floor (105) and a door assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 11.
- Vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the door sill (22) is arranged at a lateral edge of the floor (105), and declines in a transverse direction (108) towards an outer side (103) of the vehicle.
- Method for assembling of a door assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps:a. Measuring a sealing distance (25) of the door frame (21), in particular between a door beam (24) and the sealing surface (23) of the door sill (22) of the door frame (21);b. Measuring a longitudinal dimension (28) of the door leaf (26), in particular between a, in the assembled state of the door leaf (26), top side and the bottom side (27) of the door leaf (26);c. Determining an adjustment distance (12) using the measured sealing distance (25) and longitudinal distance (28); andd. Adjusting a position of the sealing means (5) relative to the underside (27) of the door leaf (26) in accordance with the adjustment distance (12), wherein the adjustment distance (12) is selected such that, when the door assembly (1) is closed, the sealing means (5) applies a defined normal force (N) via the sealing element (9) to the sealing surface (23) of the door frame (21).
- Method for assembling according to claim 14, wherein a table, in particular a look-up table, is used to determine the adjustment distance (12), in which a specific adjustment distance (12) is assigned to each sealing distance (25) of the door frame (21) for a specific longitudinal dimension (28) of the door leaf (26).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016112862.7A DE102016112862A1 (en) | 2016-07-13 | 2016-07-13 | Door device and mounting method for this |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3269613A1 EP3269613A1 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
EP3269613B1 true EP3269613B1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
Family
ID=59350659
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17180745.6A Active EP3269613B1 (en) | 2016-07-13 | 2017-07-11 | Door device and assembly method therefor |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3269613B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016112862A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018008139B4 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2022-01-05 | Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Pivoting sliding door device for arrangement in a door opening of a vehicle |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE753868C (en) * | 1941-07-11 | 1952-12-08 | Ver Baubeschlag Gretsch Co | Sliding door for vehicles, in particular for rail vehicles |
DE1683704C3 (en) * | 1967-10-24 | 1985-01-24 | Geze Gmbh, 7250 Leonberg | Device for actuating and sealing sliding or tilting and / or pivoting sashes of windows or doors |
CA1110917A (en) * | 1978-01-24 | 1981-10-20 | Canadair Limited | Sliding doors and seals system for passenger vehicle |
DE3711830A1 (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-20 | Gutmann Hermann Werke Gmbh | Side/bottom hung door with seal |
DE202004006968U1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-09-08 | Gebr. Bode Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sealing device for a passenger door on public transport vehicles |
CA2737796C (en) * | 2008-10-02 | 2014-10-28 | Wabtec Holding Corp. | Skirt for slide-glide door |
DE202011110233U1 (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2013-03-21 | Gebr. Bode Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sealing arrangement for a door, in particular an interior swing door, a mass transport means |
US8839558B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-09-23 | Wabtec Holding Corp. | Sealing assembly for a swing door |
-
2016
- 2016-07-13 DE DE102016112862.7A patent/DE102016112862A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-07-11 EP EP17180745.6A patent/EP3269613B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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DE102016112862A1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
EP3269613A1 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
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