EP3264200B1 - Timepiece comprising a switching device of a clockwork mechanism - Google Patents

Timepiece comprising a switching device of a clockwork mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3264200B1
EP3264200B1 EP17172015.4A EP17172015A EP3264200B1 EP 3264200 B1 EP3264200 B1 EP 3264200B1 EP 17172015 A EP17172015 A EP 17172015A EP 3264200 B1 EP3264200 B1 EP 3264200B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
organ
rotation
rotary control
axis
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EP17172015.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3264200A1 (en
Inventor
Benoît LÉGERET
Benoît Junod
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Montres Breguet SA
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Montres Breguet SA
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Publication of EP3264200A1 publication Critical patent/EP3264200A1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F7/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means
    • G04F7/04—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means using a mechanical oscillator
    • G04F7/08—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph
    • G04F7/0842—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with start-stop control mechanisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B11/00—Click devices; Stop clicks; Clutches
    • G04B11/001—Clutch mechanism between two rotating members with transfer of movement in both directions, possibly with limitation on the transfer of power
    • G04B11/005—Clutch mechanism between two rotating members with transfer of movement in both directions, possibly with limitation on the transfer of power with magnetic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F7/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means
    • G04F7/04—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means using a mechanical oscillator
    • G04F7/08—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph
    • G04F7/0804—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with reset mechanisms
    • G04F7/0814—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with reset mechanisms with double hammer, i.e. one hammer acts on two counters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F7/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means
    • G04F7/04—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means using a mechanical oscillator
    • G04F7/08—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph
    • G04F7/0842—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with start-stop control mechanisms
    • G04F7/0847—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph with start-stop control mechanisms with column wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for switching a clock mechanism between two functional states.
  • the present invention relates to a timepiece comprising, on the one hand, a clock mechanism capable of switching between a first determined state and a second state and, on the other hand, a switching device arranged to switch on command the watch mechanism between its first and second states.
  • This switching device comprises a movable switching member and a rotary control member which is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation, so as to successively occupy a plurality of angular positions around an axis of rotation of this control member.
  • the switching device is arranged so that a step-by-step rotation of the rotary control member causes an alternating movement of the movable switching member, substantially in a plane perpendicular to said axis of rotation, so that at least a part of this movable switching member moves between two radial positions for which the clock mechanism is respectively in its first state and its second state.
  • the document EP 2,602,675 describes a watch movement that includes a column wheel chronograph mechanism, the latter forming a rotary member for controlling the chronograph mechanism which has two functional states, namely "running" and "stopped".
  • the watch movement described in this prior document therefore comprises a column wheel and a clutch lever arranged to cooperate with the column wheel in order to start or stop the chronograph mechanism.
  • the column wheel is driven on command in step-by-step rotation in a single given direction of rotation while the clutch lever undergoes an alternating movement between two determined radial positions for which the chronograph mechanism is respectively in the two states mentioned above.
  • known switching devices generally comprise a rotary control member constituted by a cam or a column wheel, and a movable switching member taking the form of a cam follower of one type or another and more specifically constituted by a rocker or a lever.
  • a disadvantage of such switching devices is that they all in principle require the use of preloaded springs to return and hold the movable switching member against the cam or the column wheel.
  • Watch springs are bulky and delicate. They are subject to aging which gradually makes them lose efficiency. This aging is also considerably accelerated by the shocks that the timepiece can undergo.
  • the springs accelerate the wear of these two components.
  • watch springs with their small dimensions are quite sensitive to tolerances, which is an additional problem.
  • An object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art which have just been described.
  • the invention achieves this object by providing a timepiece in accordance with claim 1 appended hereto.
  • the switching device comprises a movable switching member and a rotary control member carrying respectively a first magnetic structure and a second magnetic structure arranged so as to present between them a magnetic interaction which makes it possible to switch on command the clock mechanism between a first state and a second state.
  • One of the first and second magnetic structures comprises at least a first magnetic pole and the other of these two magnetic structures comprises at least a second magnetic pole and a third magnetic pole with opposite polarities and capable of interacting successively with the first magnetic pole.
  • the first and second magnetic structures are arranged so that, in a first angular position of the rotary control member, a first magnetic force, generated by a magnetic interaction between the first and second magnetic poles, acts on the switching member so as to bring the latter into one of its two stable radial positions, and that, in a second angular position of the rotary control member, a second magnetic force, generated by a magnetic interaction between the first and third magnetic poles and thus opposite direction to the first magnetic force, acts on the switching member so as to return the latter to the other of its two stable radial positions.
  • the two stable radial positions relate more specifically to an end part of the member of commutation.
  • a sliding switching member it is the whole of this member which undergoes a translational movement in a plane substantially perpendicular to said axis of rotation between two stable radial positions of its center of mass.
  • Such a magnetic system has the advantage of being a contactless system capable of alternately exerting two forces with opposite directions on the switching member.
  • the appended figures 1 to 5 illustrate a first embodiment of the invention which is constituted by a timepiece comprising a striking mechanism capable of switching between a first state in which the striking is activated and a second state in which the striking is stopped , and further comprising a ringing stop device provided for switching the ringing mechanism between the activated state and the stopped state.
  • This device therefore defines a switch.
  • the Figures 1 to 5 are partial views which do not show the timepiece as a whole, but only the components of its ringing stop device and the few elements of the ringing mechanism which interact directly with the ringing stop device.
  • the Figures 1 and 2 are top plan views which show the ringing stop device respectively in its disengaged position and in its engaged position. Now considering these figures in more detail, we can first see three mobiles that are part of the cog in the striking mechanism.
  • first mobile consisting of a wheel referenced 11
  • second mobile constituted by a wheel 15 secured to a pinion 13
  • third mobile which is constituted by a speed regulator generally referenced 17
  • the wheel 11 engages with the pinion 13 so as to drive the second mobile
  • the wheel 15 of the second mobile engages with a peripheral toothing (not referenced) of the regulator 17.
  • striking timepieces generally include a striking mechanism associated with an energy source constituted by a barrel in which is wound a motor spring called a barrel spring. If the barrel was simply connected to the ring, the progressive disarming of the spring would result in a slowing down of the rhythm of the melody as it was executed. This is the reason why we are used to correcting this phenomenon by integrating a regulator into the train which controls the ringing. Neither the barrel nor the striking mechanism itself is shown in the figures. However, it will be understood that the barrel is arranged to drive the striking train through the wheel 11, and that the striking ring itself is arranged downstream of the regulator 17, so as to be driven via the latter.
  • a switching device (generally referenced 1) which comprises a rotary control member 21 and a movable switching member 23.
  • the switching member 23 comprises a rocker 25 pivotally mounted about a pivot axis.
  • the rocker 25 has two arms extending from the pivot axis.
  • a first arm of the rocker carries at its end a hook 29 and the second arm carries a bipolar magnet 31 whose direction of magnetization is substantially parallel to the pivot plane of the rocker 25.
  • the switching device further includes a stop 28 arranged to cooperate with the second arm of the rocker so as to limit the stroke of the latter.
  • the organ of control of the illustrated embodiment is pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation 22.
  • This member comprises a bipolar magnet 33 whose direction of magnetization is perpendicular to the axis of rotation 22 of the control member, and which is substantially centered on this axis of rotation.
  • the rotary control member also comprises a coaxial toothing 35 and a bistable cam 37 which may for example have the shape illustrated in the figure 4 .
  • the eight-shaped bistable cam is further arranged to cooperate with a jumper spring 39.
  • the rotary control member 21 is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation of so as to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions around its axis of rotation. It will be understood that in the present example, the control member 21 is designed to occupy exactly two distinct stable positions which are separated from each other by an angular step of 180 °.
  • the eight-shaped cam 37 and the jumper spring 39 are arranged in such a way that one of the two poles of the magnet 33 is always substantially opposite the magnet 31 when the rotary member of control 21 is in one or other of its two stable positions.
  • the switching device 1 shown in the Figures 1 and 2 further includes a push-button actuation mechanism.
  • This mechanism comprises a pusher 41, a control lever 43 and an intermediate mobile 45.
  • the control lever 43 has a spout 47 which is designed to cooperate with a star 49 of the intermediate mobile 45.
  • the intermediate mobile also has concentric teeth 50 which engages with the toothing 35 of the rotary control member.
  • the star 49 has six branches. It will therefore be understood that the gear ratio between the teeth 50 and 35 is three in this example.
  • the switching device is arranged so that a step-by-step rotation of the rotary control member 21 causes an alternating movement of the movable switching member 23 substantially in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 22 of the control member, between a first stable radial position and a second stable radial position.
  • the figure 1 shows the rotary control member 21 in a first stable angular position in which the south pole of the magnet 33 is opposite the north pole of the magnet 31. Under these conditions, the magnet 31 of the switching member 23 is attracted towards the control member so that the switching member comes to rest in abutment against the stop 28, the movable switching member then being in its first stable radial position in which the hook 29 is released from the regulator 17, so that the latter is free to rotate.
  • the magnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnets 31 and 33 repels the magnet 31 so that the lever 25 pivots and moves away from the stop 28.
  • This pivoting movement causes the hook 29 to drop against an external toothing of the regulator 17.
  • the switching device is in the configuration illustrated by the figure 2 where the switching member 23 is now in its second radial position in which the hook 29 is engaged in an external toothing of the regulator 17, so that the latter is immobilized and the ringing train as a whole is blocked.
  • the switching device 1 is also suitable for automatically switching the ringing mechanism, so as to function as a ringing time limiter.
  • This second operating mode of the switching device 1 will now be described with reference to the Figures 5A, 5B and 5C .
  • the plate of the wheel 11 carries a pin 51 arranged at the periphery close to the teeth. It will be understood that the pin 51 travels a circular path during each revolution of the wheel 11.
  • the star 49 of the intermediate mobile 45 is placed on the path of the pin.
  • the wheel 11 is part of the striking train which is a multiplier train. We can see in the figures that the gear ratio is quite high. Under these conditions, when the bell is actuated, the wheel 11 rotates relatively slowly.
  • FIG. 5A illustrates the switching device at the moment when the pin 51 abuts against a branch of the star 49.
  • the pin 51 then continues on its way by pushing the branch of the star in front of it.
  • the advancement of the pin causes the star 49 to rotate about 1/12 th of a turn.
  • the pin has passed the star by completely pushing back the branch that extended across its path.
  • the star 49 then pivoted by a sixth of a turn, thus advancing the rotary control member by one step 21.
  • the accomplishment of successive steps by the rotary control member has the effect of switching the mechanism.
  • the switching stops the ringing and at the same time immobilizes the train of the ringing mechanism.
  • the wheel 11 is therefore stopped in the position it occupies at the figure 5C . It can therefore be understood that the ringing is interrupted automatically after a duration which corresponds approximately to the time necessary for the wheel 11 to complete a revolution after a first engagement of the ringing via the push-button 41.
  • the figure 6 is a top plan view of a second embodiment of the invention which, like the first embodiment, is in the form of a ringing stop device.
  • This second model of ringing stop device shares several characteristics with the first ringing stop device described in the preceding pages. To facilitate reading, the elements of the second ringing stop device which have already been described in relation to the first ringing stop device are designated in the figure 6 by the same reference numbers.
  • the essential difference between the first and the second embodiment concerns the rotary control member which, in the figure 6 , is referenced globally 121.
  • This rotary control member is arranged to perform steps each corresponding to a pivoting of angle ⁇ / N , with N> 1 , so that the rotary control member and the magnetic structure which it carries are caused to successively occupy 2N distinct angular positions around their axis of rotation.
  • N 4.
  • the control member 121 has the general shape of a disc pivoted in its center around an axis of rotation (not referenced).
  • the disc carries 2N bipolar magnets (each referenced 133a or 133b), that is to say eight magnets, which are distributed regularly along the periphery of the disc and which have their direction of magnetization oriented radially with respect to the axis of rotation of the control unit.
  • 2N bipolar magnets each referenced 133a or 133b
  • Four magnets, referenced 133a, have their north pole facing outward, and the other four magnets (referenced 133b) have their south pole facing outward.
  • the rotary control member 121 also includes a star with 2N branches 149 which is mounted under the disc carrying the magnets.
  • the rotary control member 121 is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation so as to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions around its axis of rotation.
  • the control member 121 is designed to occupy exactly 2N distinct stable positions which are regularly spaced by angular steps of 45 °.
  • the jumper spring 39 is arranged to cooperate with the eight-pointed star 149, and its two elements are arranged, one relative to the other, so that one of the magnets 133a or 133b is always located substantially opposite with respect to the magnet 31 of the switching member 23 when the rotary control member 121 is in any one of its stable positions.
  • the switching device shown in the figure 6 includes a push-button actuation mechanism which is practically identical to that of the first example.
  • This mechanism comprises a pusher 41, a control lever 43 and an intermediate mobile 45.
  • the spout 47 of the control lever 43 is arranged to cooperate directly with the star 149 of the rotary control member 121.
  • the star 149 has eight branches, it is understood that a pressure on the pusher 41 has the effect to advance the rotary control member by a step of 45 °. Once this step has been accomplished, it is the north pole of one of the magnets 133a which will occupy the position with respect to the north pole of the magnet 31.
  • the figure 7 is a top plan view of a third embodiment of the invention which, like the first two embodiments, is in the form of a ringing stop device.
  • This third model of ringing stop device shares many characteristics with the second embodiment.
  • the elements of the third ringing stop device which have already been described in relation to the first or the second device are designated in the figure 7 by the same reference numbers.
  • the differences between the second and third examples of ringing device concern the two magnetic structures respectively forming the rotary control member 221 and the movable member switching 223.
  • the rotary control member illustrated in the figure 7 includes a star 149 which has eight branches as in the previous example, the control member 221 has only four bipolar magnets (each referenced 133b). The latter all have their direction of magnetization oriented radially with their south pole facing outwards (their north pole being turned towards the axis of rotation).
  • the flip-flop 125 of the mobile switching member 223 carries two bipolar magnets (referenced 131a and 131b).
  • the two magnets have their magnetization directions substantially parallel to each other, but in opposite directions, so that the south pole of the magnet 131a and the north pole of the magnet 131b are turned in the direction of the control member 221. It will be noted that the two magnets 131a and 131b are preferably oriented radially relative to the axis of rotation of the control member and angularly offset by an angular pitch of the control member.
  • the rotary control member 221 is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation so as to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions around its axis of rotation. It will be understood that in the present example, the control member 221 is designed to occupy exactly eight distinct stable positions which are regularly spaced by angular steps of 45 °. It will further be understood that the eight-pointed star 149 and the jumper 39 are arranged, one relative to the other, so that at each step, only one of the magnets 133b comes to rest substantially opposite either from the south pole of magnet 131a, or from the north pole of magnet 131b.
  • the south pole of a magnet 133b is positioned substantially opposite the north pole of the magnet 131b.
  • the magnet 131b of the switching member 223 is attracted by direction of the control member 221 so that the switching member bears against the stop 28, the movable switching member then being in a first stable position in which the hook 29 is released from the regulator 17, so that the latter is free to rotate.
  • the switching device shown in the figure 7 includes a push-button actuation mechanism which is identical to that shown in the figure 6 .
  • a pressure on the pusher 41 has the effect of advancing the rotary control member by a step of 45 ° in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the magnet 133b which was opposite the magnet 131b is moved away from it, but another magnet 133b is now positioned facing the south pole of the magnet 131a.
  • the magnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnets 133b and 131a pushes the arm of the rocker 125 so that the latter pivots and moves away from the stop 28.
  • This pivoting movement causes the hook to be lowered 29 against an external toothing of the regulator 17, which stops it.
  • the appended figures 8 to 11 illustrate a fourth embodiment of the invention which consists of a timepiece comprising a rotating bezel and a mechanism for locking the bezel.
  • a timepiece comprising a rotating bezel and a mechanism for locking the bezel.
  • the main function of this bezel is to mark the position where the minute hand was at the start of the dive. The diver can then know at any time how long he has been underwater by observing the distance traveled by the minute hand from the position indexed by the rotating bezel.
  • the figure 8 is a perspective view of a timepiece comprising a rotating bezel (referenced 300) and a mechanism for locking the bezel controlled by a push button 341.
  • the rotating bezel 300 is a clockwork mechanism which can be either in the locked state or in the unlocked state.
  • the locking mechanism constitutes an example of switching device 301 arranged to switch the rotating bezel between a locked state and an unlocked state.
  • the rotating bezel 300 has a crenellated underside and that the locking mechanism comprises a rotary control member which is formed by a shaft 350 mounted to pivot around an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the plane of the bezel 300.
  • the shaft 350 can for example be pivoted by its two ends between the watch case (not shown) and a casing ring (not shown).
  • the shaft 350 is further provided with a coaxial pinion 335 and a bipolar magnet 333.
  • the direction of magnetization of the bipolar magnet 333 is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 350 and the magnet is substantially centered on this axis of rotation.
  • the shaft 350 also has a non-cylindrical section which has two notches in diametrically opposite positions (a notch visible on the figure 10 is referenced 337). This non-cylindrical section is arranged to cooperate with a jumper spring 339. It plays the same role as the bistable cam 37 of the first embodiment.
  • the switching device also comprises two movable switching members (respectively referenced 323a and 323b) which are arranged symmetrically on either side of the shaft 350.
  • Each of the movable switching members comprises a rocker (respectively referenced 325a and 325b) pivotally mounted about an axis (respectively referenced 327a and 327b).
  • the scales each have two arms extending from the pivot axis.
  • a first arm is extended by a spout (respectively referenced 329a and 329b) and the second arm carries a bipolar magnet (respectively referenced 331a and 331b).
  • the magnetization direction of the magnets is substantially parallel to the pivot plane of the rocker.
  • Figures 11A and 11B also shows that the magnet 331a is oriented with its south pole facing the rotary control member and that the magnet 331b is oriented with its north pole facing the control member.
  • the switching device 301 shown in the figures 8 to 11 also includes a push-button actuation mechanism.
  • This mechanism comprises a pusher 341, a rack 343 having a toothing with triangular teeth, a helical spring 345 and a jumper spring 347.
  • the rack 343 is biased against the pinion 335 by the jumper spring 347.
  • the pusher 341 when the wearer of the watch presses the pusher 341, the triangular teeth of the rack 343 cooperate with the teeth of the pinion 335 to rotate the rotary control member.
  • the helical spring 345 pushes the rack 343 towards the pusher.
  • the rotary control member is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation so as to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions around its axis of rotation.
  • the control member is designed to occupy exactly two distinct stable positions which are separated from each other by an angular step of 180 °.
  • the non-cylindrical section of the shaft 350 and the jumper spring 339 are arranged so that the direction of magnetization of the magnet 333 is substantially perpendicular to the axis of symmetry between the two movable switching members. 323a and 323b when the control member is in one or the other of its two stable angular positions.
  • the switching device 301 is arranged so that a step-by-step rotation of the rotary control member causes an alternating movement of each of the two movable switching members 323a and 323b substantially in a perpendicular plane to the shaft 350 between two radial positions.
  • the rotary control member is rotated so that the south pole of the magnet 333 (not visible in the figure) is oriented towards a first 323b of the two movable switching members.
  • the magnet 331b of the switching member 323b is drawn towards the shaft 350 of the rotary control member, so that the switching member 323b comes to a stop in a first radial position. in which its beak 329b is released from the slots formed on the underside of the rotating bezel 300.
  • the figure 11A shows the rotary control member rotated so that the south pole of the magnet 333 (not visible in the figure) is oriented towards the movable switching member 323b. The north pole of the magnet 333 is therefore turned in the direction of the other mobile switching member 323a.
  • the magnet 331a of the organ of switching 323a is oriented with its south pole opposite the rotary member, it is also attracted towards the shaft 350 of the rotary control member, so that the second switching member comes to a stop in its first radial position in which the spout 329a is also released from the slots formed on the underside of the rotating bezel 300.
  • the rotating bezel is therefore free to rotate.
  • the pusher 341 when a user of the timepiece actuates the pusher 341, the latter pushes the rack 343, so that the triangular teeth of the latter drive the pinion 335 in rotation.
  • the non-cylindrical section of the shaft 350 and the jumper spring 339 are arranged so that the control member advances in angular steps of 180 °.
  • the actuation of the push-button 341 by the wearer of the watch therefore has the effect of causing the rotary control member to make a U-turn, so that the orientation of the magnet 333 is reversed, the south pole is then being oriented towards the movable switching member 323a and the north pole toward the switching member 323b.
  • the magnet 331a of the switching member 323a is oriented with its south pole opposite the rotary member, it is repelled by the magnet of the rotary control member, so that the switching member 323a pivots and comes to rest in a second radial position in which the spout 329a cooperates with one of the slots formed on the underside of the rotating bezel 300 as illustrated in the figure 11B .
  • the magnet 331b of the switching member 323b is oriented with its north pole opposite the rotary member, it is therefore also repelled by the magnet of the rotary control member.
  • the switching member 323b therefore also comes to be placed in a second radial position in which the spout 329b cooperates with one of the slots formed on the underside of the rotating bezel 300 as illustrated in the figure 11B .
  • the rotating bezel 300 is then locked.
  • Variants of this fourth embodiment correspond to arrangements with several bipolar magnets on the control member or on the switching member, similarly to the second and third embodiments.
  • control member may advantageously include, instead of a plurality of bipolar magnets, a radial multipolar magnet.
  • the radial multipolar magnet of circular or annular shape, has 2N external magnetic poles (that is to say oriented towards the outside of this multipolar magnet), N> 1, which have alternating polarities (that is to say alternately south and north), the axis of rotation of the control member passing through the center of the multipolar magnet.
  • control member is actuated by a user via an actuation device such as a pusher.
  • actuation device such as a pusher.
  • Other actuation devices known to those skilled in the art can be envisaged.
  • These actuation mechanisms can be actuated by a user or, in other modes of embodiment, be automatically and in particular periodically actuated by the timepiece, that is to say by another mechanism of this timepiece which cooperates with the switched mechanism according to the invention.
  • the invention has been described in the context of entirely mechanical timepieces.
  • the invention can also advantageously be applied to timepieces having electromechanical parts.
  • the actuating device of the control member can comprise an electromechanical motor.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de commutation d'un mécanisme horloger entre deux états fonctionnels.The present invention relates to a device for switching a clock mechanism between two functional states.

Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne une pièce d'horlogerie comprenant, d'une part, un mécanisme horloger pouvant commuter entre un premier état et un deuxième état déterminés et, d'autre part, un dispositif de commutation agencé pour faire commuter sur commande le mécanisme horloger entre ses premier et deuxième états. Ce dispositif de commutation comprend un organe mobile de commutation et un organe rotatif de commande qui est agencé pour être entrainé pas-à-pas dans un sens de rotation donné, de manière à occuper successivement une pluralité de positions angulaires autour d'un axe de rotation de cet organe de commande. Le dispositif de commutation est agencé de manière qu'une rotation pas-à-pas de l'organe rotatif de commande provoque un mouvement alternatif de l'organe mobile de commutation, sensiblement dans un plan perpendiculaire audit axe de rotation, de sorte qu'au moins une partie de cet organe mobile de commutation se déplace entre deux positions radiales pour lesquelles le mécanisme horloger est respectivement dans son premier état et son deuxième état.More particularly, the present invention relates to a timepiece comprising, on the one hand, a clock mechanism capable of switching between a first determined state and a second state and, on the other hand, a switching device arranged to switch on command the watch mechanism between its first and second states. This switching device comprises a movable switching member and a rotary control member which is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation, so as to successively occupy a plurality of angular positions around an axis of rotation of this control member. The switching device is arranged so that a step-by-step rotation of the rotary control member causes an alternating movement of the movable switching member, substantially in a plane perpendicular to said axis of rotation, so that at least a part of this movable switching member moves between two radial positions for which the clock mechanism is respectively in its first state and its second state.

ART ANTERIEURPRIOR ART

On connait déjà un grand nombre de pièces d'horlogerie qui correspondent au domaine de l'invention. En particulier, le document EP 2 602 675 décrit un mouvement horloger qui comporte un mécanisme de chronographe à roue à colonnes, cette dernière formant un organe rotatif de commande du mécanisme de chronographe qui présente deux états fonctionnels, à savoir « en marche » et « à l'arrêt ». Le mouvement horloger décrit dans ce document antérieur comporte donc une roue à colonnes et une bascule d'embrayage agencée pour coopérer avec la roue à colonnes afin de démarrer ou d'arrêter le mécanisme de chronographe. La roue à colonnes est entraînée sur commande en rotation pas-à-pas dans un seul sens de rotation donné alors que la bascule d'embrayage subit un mouvement alternatif entre deux positions radiales déterminées pour lesquelles le mécanisme de chronographe est respectivement dans les deux états fonctionnels susmentionnés.We already know a large number of timepieces that correspond to the field of the invention. In particular, the document EP 2,602,675 describes a watch movement that includes a column wheel chronograph mechanism, the latter forming a rotary member for controlling the chronograph mechanism which has two functional states, namely "running" and "stopped". The watch movement described in this prior document therefore comprises a column wheel and a clutch lever arranged to cooperate with the column wheel in order to start or stop the chronograph mechanism. The column wheel is driven on command in step-by-step rotation in a single given direction of rotation while the clutch lever undergoes an alternating movement between two determined radial positions for which the chronograph mechanism is respectively in the two states mentioned above.

Plus généralement, qu'il s'agisse de montres-chronographes ou d'autre pièces d'horlogerie, les dispositifs de commutation connus comportent généralement un organe rotatif de commande constitué par une came ou une roue à colonnes, et un organe mobile de commutation prenant la forme d'un suiveur de came d'un type ou d'un autre et plus spécifiquement constitué par une bascule ou un levier. Un inconvénient de tels dispositifs de commutation est qu'ils nécessitent tous en principe l'utilisation de ressorts précontraints pour rappeler et maintenir l'organe mobile de commutation contre la came ou la roue à colonnes. Les ressorts horlogers sont encombrants et délicats. Ils sont sujets au vieillissement qui leur fait progressivement perdre en efficacité. Ce vieillissement est en outre considérablement accéléré par les chocs que peut subir la pièce d'horlogerie. D'autre part, en faisant toujours revenir l'organe mobile de commutation en butée contre la came, les ressorts accélèrent l'usure de ces deux composants. Finalement, les ressorts horlogers avec leurs petites dimensions sont assez sensibles aux tolérances, ce qui constitue un problème supplémentaire.More generally, whether chronograph watches or other timepieces, known switching devices generally comprise a rotary control member constituted by a cam or a column wheel, and a movable switching member taking the form of a cam follower of one type or another and more specifically constituted by a rocker or a lever. A disadvantage of such switching devices is that they all in principle require the use of preloaded springs to return and hold the movable switching member against the cam or the column wheel. Watch springs are bulky and delicate. They are subject to aging which gradually makes them lose efficiency. This aging is also considerably accelerated by the shocks that the timepiece can undergo. On the other hand, by always bringing the movable switching member back into abutment against the cam, the springs accelerate the wear of these two components. Finally, watch springs with their small dimensions are quite sensitive to tolerances, which is an additional problem.

BREF EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONBRIEF STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

Un but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur qui viennent d'être décrits. L'invention atteint ce but en fournissant une pièce d'horlogerie conforme à la revendication 1 annexée.An object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art which have just been described. The invention achieves this object by providing a timepiece in accordance with claim 1 appended hereto.

Conformément à l'invention, le dispositif de commutation comprend un organe mobile de commutation et un organe rotatif de commande portant respectivement une première structure magnétique et une deuxième structure magnétique agencées de manière à présenter entre elles une interaction magnétique qui permet de faire commuter sur commande le mécanisme horloger entre un premier état et un deuxième état. L'une des première et deuxième structures magnétiques comprend au moins un premier pôle magnétique et l'autre de ces deux structures magnétiques comprend au moins un deuxième pôle magnétique et un troisième pôle magnétique avec des polarités opposées et susceptibles d'interagir successivement avec le premier pôle magnétique. Les première et deuxième structures magnétiques sont agencées de manière que, dans une première position angulaire de l'organe rotatif de commande, une première force magnétique, engendrée par une interaction magnétique entre les premier et deuxième pôles magnétiques, agisse sur l'organe de commutation de manière à amener ce dernier dans une de ses deux positions radiales stables, et que, dans une deuxième position angulaire de l'organe rotatif de commande, une deuxième force magnétique, engendrée par une interaction magnétique entre les premier et troisième pôles magnétiques et ainsi de sens opposé à la première force magnétique, agisse sur l'organe de commutation de manière à rappeler ce dernier dans l'autre de ses deux positions radiales stables.According to the invention, the switching device comprises a movable switching member and a rotary control member carrying respectively a first magnetic structure and a second magnetic structure arranged so as to present between them a magnetic interaction which makes it possible to switch on command the clock mechanism between a first state and a second state. One of the first and second magnetic structures comprises at least a first magnetic pole and the other of these two magnetic structures comprises at least a second magnetic pole and a third magnetic pole with opposite polarities and capable of interacting successively with the first magnetic pole. The first and second magnetic structures are arranged so that, in a first angular position of the rotary control member, a first magnetic force, generated by a magnetic interaction between the first and second magnetic poles, acts on the switching member so as to bring the latter into one of its two stable radial positions, and that, in a second angular position of the rotary control member, a second magnetic force, generated by a magnetic interaction between the first and third magnetic poles and thus opposite direction to the first magnetic force, acts on the switching member so as to return the latter to the other of its two stable radial positions.

On notera que, notamment dans le cas d'une bascule pivotant autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe de rotation de l'organe rotatif de commande, les deux positions radiales stables concernent plus spécifiquement une partie d'extrémité de l'organe de commutation. Dans le cadre d'un organe de commutation coulissant, c'est l'entier de cet organe qui subit un mouvement de translation dans un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire audit axe de rotation entre deux positions radiales stables de son centre de masse.It will be noted that, in particular in the case of a rocker pivoting about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotary control member, the two stable radial positions relate more specifically to an end part of the member of commutation. In the context of a sliding switching member, it is the whole of this member which undergoes a translational movement in a plane substantially perpendicular to said axis of rotation between two stable radial positions of its center of mass.

On comprendra que, grâce à ces caractéristiques, il n'est pas nécessaire de prévoir un ressort pour rappeler en permanence l'organe de commutation en direction de l'une des deux positions radiales stables. Ainsi, il en résulte une réduction des contraintes mécaniques et une économie d'énergie mécanique. Un tel système magnétique présente l'avantage d'être un système sans contact capable d'exercer alternativement deux forces avec des sens opposés sur l'organe de commutation.It will be understood that, thanks to these characteristics, it is not necessary to provide a spring to permanently return the switching member towards one of the two stable radial positions. Thus, this results in a reduction of mechanical stresses and a saving of mechanical energy. Such a magnetic system has the advantage of being a contactless system capable of alternately exerting two forces with opposite directions on the switching member.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues en plan de dessus d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention qui est constitué par un premier dispositif stop sonnerie particulier, la figure 1 montrant ce dispositif en position désengagée alors que la figure 2 le montre dans sa position engagée dans laquelle il bloque la sonnerie;
  • la figure 3A est une vue partielle en perspective du dispositif stop sonnerie des figures 1 et 2 montrant le dispositif de commutation dans une configuration correspondant à la position engagée représentée à la figure 2;
  • la figure 3B est une vue partielle en perspective du dispositif stop sonnerie des figures 1 et 2 montrant le dispositif de commutation dans une configuration correspondant à la position désengagée représentée dans la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique en plan d'une came bistable solidaire de l'organe de commande du premier mode de réalisation;
  • les figures 5A, 5B et 5C sont des vues en plan de dessus semblables aux figures 1 et 2, et qui correspondent à trois instantanés successifs montrant la transition accompagnant l'arrêt automatique de la sonnerie;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en plan de dessus d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention qui est constitué par un deuxième dispositif stop sonnerie particulier;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en plan de dessus d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention qui est constitué par un troisième dispositif stop sonnerie particulier;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'une pièce d'horlogerie comportant une lunette tournante et un mécanisme de verrouillage de la lunette, et correspondant à un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • la figure 9 est une vue partielle en plan de dessus montrant plus particulièrement le mécanisme de verrouillage de la lunette de la pièce d'horlogerie de la figure 8;
  • la figure 10 est une vue partielle en perspective, depuis le côté fond de la pièce d'horlogerie de la figure 8, montrant la lunette tournante et son mécanisme de verrouillage;
  • la figure 11A est une vue partielle en plan de dessous montrant le mécanisme de verrouillage de la lunette de la pièce d'horlogerie de la figure 8 en position désengagée;
  • la figure 11B est vue partielle en plan de dessous montrant la lunette tournante de la pièce d'horlogerie de la figure 8 bloquée par son mécanisme de verrouillage.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting examples, and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the Figures 1 and 2 are top plan views of a first embodiment of the invention which is constituted by a first particular ringing stop device, the figure 1 showing this device in the disengaged position while the figure 2 shows it in its engaged position in which it blocks the ringing;
  • the figure 3A is a partial perspective view of the ringing stop device of the Figures 1 and 2 showing the switching device in a configuration corresponding to the engaged position shown in the figure 2 ;
  • the figure 3B is a partial perspective view of the ringing stop device of the Figures 1 and 2 showing the switching device in a configuration corresponding to the disengaged position shown in the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 4 is a schematic plan view of a bistable cam secured to the control member of the first embodiment;
  • the Figures 5A, 5B and 5C are top plan views similar to Figures 1 and 2 , and which correspond to three successive snapshots showing the transition accompanying the automatic stopping of the ringing;
  • the figure 6 is a top plan view of a second embodiment of the invention which is constituted by a second particular ringing stop device;
  • the figure 7 is a top plan view of a third embodiment of the invention which is constituted by a third particular ringing stop device;
  • the figure 8 is a perspective view of a timepiece comprising a rotating bezel and a bezel locking mechanism, and corresponding to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 9 is a partial top plan view showing more particularly the locking mechanism of the bezel of the timepiece of the figure 8 ;
  • the figure 10 is a partial perspective view, from the back side of the timepiece of the figure 8 , showing the rotating bezel and its locking mechanism;
  • the figure 11A is a partial plan view from below showing the mechanism for locking the bezel of the timepiece of the figure 8 in the disengaged position;
  • the figure 11B is a partial plan view from below showing the rotating bezel of the timepiece of the figure 8 blocked by its locking mechanism.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE MODES DE REALISATIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Les figures annexées 1 à 5 illustrent un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention qui est constitué par une pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un mécanisme de sonnerie pouvant commuter entre un premier état où la sonnerie est activée et un deuxième état où la sonnerie est stoppée, et comprenant en outre un dispositif stop sonnerie prévu pour faire commuter le mécanisme de sonnerie entre l'état activé et l'état stoppé. Ce dispositif définit donc un interrupteur.The appended figures 1 to 5 illustrate a first embodiment of the invention which is constituted by a timepiece comprising a striking mechanism capable of switching between a first state in which the striking is activated and a second state in which the striking is stopped , and further comprising a ringing stop device provided for switching the ringing mechanism between the activated state and the stopped state. This device therefore defines a switch.

Les figures 1 à 5 sont des vues partielles qui ne montrent pas la pièce d'horlogerie dans son ensemble, mais uniquement les constituants de son dispositif stop sonnerie et les quelques éléments du mécanisme de sonnerie qui interagissent directement avec le dispositif stop sonnerie. Les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues en plan de dessus qui montrent le dispositif stop sonnerie respectivement dans sa position désengagée et dans sa position engagée. En considérant maintenant ces figures plus en détail, on peut voir tout d'abord trois mobiles qui font partie du rouage du mécanisme de sonnerie. Il s'agit d'un premier mobile constitué par une roue référencée 11, d'un deuxième mobile constitué par une roue 15 solidaire d'un pignon 13, et enfin par un troisième mobile qui est constitué par un régulateur de vitesse globalement référencé 17. On peut voir sur les figures 1 et 2 que la roue 11 engraine avec le pignon 13 de manière à entrainer le deuxième mobile, et que la roue 15 du deuxième mobile engraine avec une denture périphérique (non référencée) du régulateur 17.The Figures 1 to 5 are partial views which do not show the timepiece as a whole, but only the components of its ringing stop device and the few elements of the ringing mechanism which interact directly with the ringing stop device. The Figures 1 and 2 are top plan views which show the ringing stop device respectively in its disengaged position and in its engaged position. Now considering these figures in more detail, we can first see three mobiles that are part of the cog in the striking mechanism. It is a first mobile consisting of a wheel referenced 11, a second mobile constituted by a wheel 15 secured to a pinion 13, and finally by a third mobile which is constituted by a speed regulator generally referenced 17 We can see on the Figures 1 and 2 that the wheel 11 engages with the pinion 13 so as to drive the second mobile, and that the wheel 15 of the second mobile engages with a peripheral toothing (not referenced) of the regulator 17.

On sait que les pièces d'horlogerie à sonnerie comportent généralement un rouage de sonnerie associé à une source d'énergie constituée par un barillet dans lequel est enroulé un ressort moteur appelé ressort de barillet. Si le barillet était simplement relié à la sonnerie, le désarmage progressif du ressort se traduirait par un ralentissement du rythme de la mélodie au fur et à mesure de son exécution. C'est la raison pour laquelle on a l'habitude de corriger ce phénomène en intégrant un régulateur au rouage qui commande la sonnerie. Ni le barillet, ni le mécanisme de sonnerie proprement dit, ne sont représentés dans les figures. On comprendra toutefois que le barillet est agencé pour entrainer le rouage de sonnerie par l'intermédiaire de la roue 11, et que la sonnerie proprement dite est agencée en aval du régulateur 17, de manière à être entrainée par l'intermédiaire de ce dernier.We know that striking timepieces generally include a striking mechanism associated with an energy source constituted by a barrel in which is wound a motor spring called a barrel spring. If the barrel was simply connected to the ring, the progressive disarming of the spring would result in a slowing down of the rhythm of the melody as it was executed. This is the reason why we are used to correcting this phenomenon by integrating a regulator into the train which controls the ringing. Neither the barrel nor the striking mechanism itself is shown in the figures. However, it will be understood that the barrel is arranged to drive the striking train through the wheel 11, and that the striking ring itself is arranged downstream of the regulator 17, so as to be driven via the latter.

En se référant toujours aux mêmes figures, on peut voir encore un dispositif de commutation (référencé globalement 1) qui comporte un organe rotatif de de commande 21 et un organe mobile de commutation 23. L'organe de commutation 23 comporte une bascule 25 montée pivotante autour d'un axe de pivotement. La bascule 25 comporte deux bras s'étendant à partir de l'axe de pivotement. Un premier bras de la bascule porte à son extrémité un crochet 29 et le second bras porte un aimant bipolaire 31 dont la direction d'aimantation est sensiblement parallèle au plan de pivotement de la bascule 25. Le dispositif de commutation comporte encore une butée 28 agencée pour coopérer avec le second bras de la bascule de manière à limiter la course de cette dernière.Still referring to the same figures, one can still see a switching device (generally referenced 1) which comprises a rotary control member 21 and a movable switching member 23. The switching member 23 comprises a rocker 25 pivotally mounted about a pivot axis. The rocker 25 has two arms extending from the pivot axis. A first arm of the rocker carries at its end a hook 29 and the second arm carries a bipolar magnet 31 whose direction of magnetization is substantially parallel to the pivot plane of the rocker 25. The switching device further includes a stop 28 arranged to cooperate with the second arm of the rocker so as to limit the stroke of the latter.

En se référant maintenant aux figures 3A et 3B, on peut voir l'organe rotatif de commande 21 représenté plus en détail. L'organe de commande du mode de réalisation illustré est monté pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation 22. Cet organe comporte un aimant bipolaire 33 dont la direction d'aimantation est perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation 22 de l'organe de commande, et qui est sensiblement centré sur cet axe de rotation. L'organe rotatif de commande comporte également une denture coaxiale 35 et une came bistable 37 qui peut présenter par exemple la forme illustrée à la figure 4. La came bistable en forme de huit est en outre agencée pour coopérer avec un ressort-sautoir 39. Conformément à l'invention, l'organe rotatif de commande 21 est agencé pour être entrainé pas-à-pas dans un sens de rotation donné de manière à occuper successivement une pluralité de positions angulaires distinctes autour de son axe de rotation. On comprendra que dans le présent exemple, l'organe de commande 21 est prévu pour occuper exactement deux positions stables distinctes qui sont séparées l'une de l'autre par un pas angulaire de 180°. La came en forme de huit 37 et le ressort sautoir 39 sont arrangés de manière à ce qu'un des deux pôles de l'aimant 33 se situe toujours sensiblement en vis-à-vis de l'aimant 31 lorsque l'organe rotatif de commande 21 est dans l'une ou l'autre de ses deux positions stables.Referring now to Figures 3A and 3B , we can see the rotary control member 21 shown in more detail. The organ of control of the illustrated embodiment is pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation 22. This member comprises a bipolar magnet 33 whose direction of magnetization is perpendicular to the axis of rotation 22 of the control member, and which is substantially centered on this axis of rotation. The rotary control member also comprises a coaxial toothing 35 and a bistable cam 37 which may for example have the shape illustrated in the figure 4 . The eight-shaped bistable cam is further arranged to cooperate with a jumper spring 39. According to the invention, the rotary control member 21 is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation of so as to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions around its axis of rotation. It will be understood that in the present example, the control member 21 is designed to occupy exactly two distinct stable positions which are separated from each other by an angular step of 180 °. The eight-shaped cam 37 and the jumper spring 39 are arranged in such a way that one of the two poles of the magnet 33 is always substantially opposite the magnet 31 when the rotary member of control 21 is in one or other of its two stable positions.

Le dispositif de commutation 1 représenté dans les figures 1 et 2 comporte encore un mécanisme d'actionnement à poussoir. Ce mécanisme comporte un poussoir 41, un levier de commande 43 et un mobile intermédiaire 45. Le levier de commande 43 présente un bec 47 qui est prévu pour coopérer avec une étoile 49 du mobile intermédiaire 45. Le mobile intermédiaire comporte également une denture concentrique 50 qui engraine avec la denture 35 de l'organe rotatif de commande. Dans l'exemple illustré, l'étoile 49 comporte six branches. On comprendra donc que le rapport d'engrenage entre les dentures 50 et 35 est de trois dans cet exemple.The switching device 1 shown in the Figures 1 and 2 further includes a push-button actuation mechanism. This mechanism comprises a pusher 41, a control lever 43 and an intermediate mobile 45. The control lever 43 has a spout 47 which is designed to cooperate with a star 49 of the intermediate mobile 45. The intermediate mobile also has concentric teeth 50 which engages with the toothing 35 of the rotary control member. In the example illustrated, the star 49 has six branches. It will therefore be understood that the gear ratio between the teeth 50 and 35 is three in this example.

Conformément à l'invention, le dispositif de commutation est agencé de manière qu'une rotation pas-à-pas de l'organe rotatif de commande 21 provoque un mouvement alternatif de l'organe mobile de commutation 23 sensiblement dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation 22 de l'organe de commande, entre une première position radiale stable et une deuxième position radiale stable. La figure 1 montre l'organe rotatif de commande 21 dans une première position angulaire stable dans laquelle le pôle sud de l'aimant 33 est en face du pôle nord de l'aimant 31. Dans ces conditions, l'aimant 31 de l'organe de commutation 23 est attiré en direction de l'organe de commande de sorte que l'organe de commutation vient s'immobiliser en appui contre la butée 28, l'organe mobile de commutation se trouvant alors dans sa première position radiale stable dans laquelle le crochet 29 est dégagé du régulateur 17, de sorte que ce dernier est libre de tourner. Dans ces conditions, lorsqu'un utilisateur de la pièce d'horlogerie actionne le poussoir 41, ce dernier repousse le levier de commande 43 qui pivote autour de son axe (non référencé) de manière à passer dans la position qui est référencée 43* et qui est représentée par des traits interrompus dans la figure 1. Lors du mouvement de pivotement du levier 43, le bec 47 (47*) du levier s'avance et repousse une branche de l'étoile 49, de sorte que le mobile intermédiaire 45 pivote d'environ un sixième de tour. En pivotant, la denture 50 du mobile intermédiaire entraine l'organe de commande 21 qui effectue alors un pas de 180°, de sorte que le pôle nord de l'aimant 33 occupe finalement la position en regard du pôle nord de l'aimant 31, comme à la figure 3B. L'organe de commande passe ainsi à sa deuxième position angulaire stable. Précisons que c'est l'interaction entre la came bistable 37 et le ressort sautoir 39 qui assure que la longueur des pas effectués par l'organe rotatif de commande 21 est précisément de 180°.According to the invention, the switching device is arranged so that a step-by-step rotation of the rotary control member 21 causes an alternating movement of the movable switching member 23 substantially in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 22 of the control member, between a first stable radial position and a second stable radial position. The figure 1 shows the rotary control member 21 in a first stable angular position in which the south pole of the magnet 33 is opposite the north pole of the magnet 31. Under these conditions, the magnet 31 of the switching member 23 is attracted towards the control member so that the switching member comes to rest in abutment against the stop 28, the movable switching member then being in its first stable radial position in which the hook 29 is released from the regulator 17, so that the latter is free to rotate. Under these conditions, when a user of the timepiece actuates the pusher 41, the latter pushes the control lever 43 which pivots about its axis (not referenced) so as to pass into the position which is referenced 43 * and which is represented by broken lines in the figure 1 . During the pivoting movement of the lever 43, the spout 47 (47 *) of the lever advances and repels a branch of the star 49, so that the intermediate mobile 45 pivots about one sixth of a turn. By pivoting, the teeth 50 of the intermediate mobile drive the control member 21 which then takes a step of 180 °, so that the north pole of the magnet 33 finally occupies the position opposite the north pole of the magnet 31 , like at figure 3B . The control member thus passes to its second stable angular position. Note that it is the interaction between the bistable cam 37 and the jumper spring 39 which ensures that the length of the steps taken by the rotary control member 21 is precisely 180 °.

Dans la configuration de la figure 3B, la force magnétique engendrée par l'interaction entre les aimants 31 et 33 repousse l'aimant 31 de sorte que la bascule 25 pivote et s'écarte de la butée 28. Ce mouvement de pivotement provoque l'abaissement du crochet 29 contre une denture extérieure du régulateur 17. Lorsque l'utilisateur de la pièce d'horlogerie relâche ensuite la pression sur le poussoir 41, le levier 43 et le poussoir sont tous deux rappelés vers leur position de repos par des ressorts non-représentés. Dès cet instant, le dispositif de commutation se trouve dans la configuration illustrée par la figure 2 où l'organe de commutation 23 est maintenant dans sa deuxième position radiale dans laquelle le crochet 29 est engagé dans une denture extérieure du régulateur 17, de sorte que ce dernier est immobilisé et le rouage de sonnerie dans son ensemble est bloqué.In the configuration of the figure 3B , the magnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnets 31 and 33 repels the magnet 31 so that the lever 25 pivots and moves away from the stop 28. This pivoting movement causes the hook 29 to drop against an external toothing of the regulator 17. When the user of the timepiece releases then the pressure on the pusher 41, the lever 43 and the pusher are both returned to their rest position by springs not shown. From this moment, the switching device is in the configuration illustrated by the figure 2 where the switching member 23 is now in its second radial position in which the hook 29 is engaged in an external toothing of the regulator 17, so that the latter is immobilized and the ringing train as a whole is blocked.

Conformément aux trois premiers modes de réalisation de l'invention qui font l'objet de la présente description, le dispositif de commutation 1 est aussi adapté pour commuter automatiquement le mécanisme de sonnerie, de manière à fonctionner comme limiteur de durée de sonnerie. Ce deuxième mode de fonctionnement du dispositif de commutation 1 sera maintenant décrit en faisant référence aux figures 5A, 5B et 5C. Comme le montre ces figures, la planche de la roue 11 porte une goupille 51 arrangée en périphérie proche de la denture. On comprendra que la goupille 51 parcourt une trajectoire circulaire lors de chaque tour de la roue 11. De plus, l'étoile 49 du mobile intermédiaire 45 est placée sur la trajectoire de la goupille. Comme on l'a vu, la roue 11 fait partie du rouage de sonnerie qui est un rouage multiplicateur. On peut voir sur les figures que le rapport d'engrenage est assez élevé. Dans ces conditions, lorsque la sonnerie est actionnée, la roue 11 tourne relativement lentement.In accordance with the first three embodiments of the invention which are the subject of the present description, the switching device 1 is also suitable for automatically switching the ringing mechanism, so as to function as a ringing time limiter. This second operating mode of the switching device 1 will now be described with reference to the Figures 5A, 5B and 5C . As shown in these figures, the plate of the wheel 11 carries a pin 51 arranged at the periphery close to the teeth. It will be understood that the pin 51 travels a circular path during each revolution of the wheel 11. In addition, the star 49 of the intermediate mobile 45 is placed on the path of the pin. As we have seen, the wheel 11 is part of the striking train which is a multiplier train. We can see in the figures that the gear ratio is quite high. Under these conditions, when the bell is actuated, the wheel 11 rotates relatively slowly.

Vue de dessus, comme illustré dans les figures 1, 2, 5A, 5B et 5C, la roue 11 tourne dans le sens antihoraire lorsque la sonnerie fonctionne. La figure 5A illustre le dispositif de commutation à l'instant où la goupille 51 vient buter contre une branche de l'étoile 49. La goupille 51 continue ensuite son chemin en repoussant la branche de l'étoile devant elle. Dans la figure 5B, l'avancée de la goupille à fait pivoter l'étoile 49 d'environ 1/12ème de tour. Dans la figure 5C, la goupille a dépassé l'étoile en repoussant complètement la branche qui s'étendait en travers de son chemin. L'étoile 49 a alors pivoté d'un sixième de tour, faisant ainsi avancer d'un pas l'organe rotatif de commande 21. L'accomplissement de pas successifs par l'organe rotatif de commande a pour effet de faire commuter le mécanisme de sonnerie alternativement entre ses deux positions radiales. Dans le cas présent, la commutation arrête la sonnerie et immobilise par la même occasion le rouage du mécanisme de sonnerie. La roue 11 est donc stoppée dans la position qu'elle occupe à la figure 5C. On peut donc comprendre que la sonnerie s'interrompt automatiquement après une durée qui correspond approximativement au temps nécessaire à la roue 11 pour accomplir une révolution après un premier enclenchement de la sonnerie via le poussoir 41.Top view, as illustrated in figures 1, 2 , 5A, 5B and 5C , the wheel 11 rotates counterclockwise when the buzzer is working. The figure 5A illustrates the switching device at the moment when the pin 51 abuts against a branch of the star 49. The pin 51 then continues on its way by pushing the branch of the star in front of it. In the figure 5B , the advancement of the pin causes the star 49 to rotate about 1/12 th of a turn. In the figure 5C , the pin has passed the star by completely pushing back the branch that extended across its path. The star 49 then pivoted by a sixth of a turn, thus advancing the rotary control member by one step 21. The accomplishment of successive steps by the rotary control member has the effect of switching the mechanism. ring alternately between its two radial positions. In this case, the switching stops the ringing and at the same time immobilizes the train of the ringing mechanism. The wheel 11 is therefore stopped in the position it occupies at the figure 5C . It can therefore be understood that the ringing is interrupted automatically after a duration which corresponds approximately to the time necessary for the wheel 11 to complete a revolution after a first engagement of the ringing via the push-button 41.

La figure 6 est une vue en plan de dessus d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention qui, tout comme le premier mode de réalisation, se présente sous la forme d'un dispositif stop sonnerie. Ce deuxième modèle de dispositif stop sonnerie partage plusieurs caractéristiques avec le premier dispositif stop sonnerie décrit dans les pages qui précèdent. Pour faciliter la lecture, les éléments du deuxième dispositif stop sonnerie qui ont déjà été décrit en relation avec le premier dispositif stop sonnerie sont désignés dans la figure 6 par les mêmes numéros de référence.The figure 6 is a top plan view of a second embodiment of the invention which, like the first embodiment, is in the form of a ringing stop device. This second model of ringing stop device shares several characteristics with the first ringing stop device described in the preceding pages. To facilitate reading, the elements of the second ringing stop device which have already been described in relation to the first ringing stop device are designated in the figure 6 by the same reference numbers.

En comparant la figure 6 à la figure 1, on se rend compte que la différence essentielle entre le premier et le deuxième mode de réalisation concerne l'organe rotatif de commande qui, dans la figure 6, est référencé globalement 121. Cet organe rotatif de commande est agencé pour effectuer des pas correspondant chacun à un pivotement d'angle π/N, avec N> 1, de sorte que l'organe rotatif de commande et la structure magnétique qu'il porte soient amenés à occuper successivement 2N positions angulaires distinctes autour de leur axe de rotation. Dans l'exemple illustré, N = 4. L'organe de commande 121 présente la forme générale d'un disque pivoté en son centre autour d'un axe de rotation (non référencé). Le disque porte 2N aimants bipolaires (référencés chacun 133a ou 133b), soit huit aimants, qui sont répartis régulièrement le long de la périphérie du disque et qui ont leur direction d'aimantation orientée radialement par rapport à l'axe de rotation de l'organe de commande. Quatre aimants, référencés 133a, ont leur pôle nord tourné vers l'extérieur, et les quatre autres aimants (référencés 133b) ont leur pôle sud tourné vers l'extérieur. L'organe rotatif de commande 121 comporte également une étoile à 2N branches 149 qui est montée sous le disque portant les aimants. Conformément à l'invention, l'organe rotatif de commande 121 est agencé pour être entrainé pas-à-pas dans un sens de rotation donné de manière à occuper successivement une pluralité de positions angulaires distinctes autour de son axe de rotation. Dans le présent exemple, l'organe de commande 121 est prévu pour occuper exactement 2N positions stables distinctes qui sont régulièrement espacées par des pas angulaires de 45°. Le ressort sautoir 39 est agencé pour coopérer avec l'étoile 149 à huit branches, et ses deux éléments sont disposés, l'un relativement à l'autre, de manière qu'un des aimants 133a ou 133b se situe toujours sensiblement en vis-à-vis de l'aimant 31 de l'organe de commutation 23 lorsque l'organe rotatif de commande 121 est dans l'une quelconque de ses positions stables. Dans la configuration illustrée à la figure 6, c'est le pôle sud d'un des aimants 133b qui est positionné en regard de l'aimant 31. Dans ces conditions, l'aimant 31 de l'organe de commutation 23 est attiré en direction de l'organe de commande 121 de sorte que l'organe de commutation est immobilisé en appui contre la butée 28 et le crochet 29 est dégagé du régulateur 17, de sorte que ce dernier est ainsi libre de tourner.By comparing the figure 6 to the figure 1 , we realize that the essential difference between the first and the second embodiment concerns the rotary control member which, in the figure 6 , is referenced globally 121. This rotary control member is arranged to perform steps each corresponding to a pivoting of angle π / N , with N> 1 , so that the rotary control member and the magnetic structure which it carries are caused to successively occupy 2N distinct angular positions around their axis of rotation. In the example illustrated, N = 4. The control member 121 has the general shape of a disc pivoted in its center around an axis of rotation (not referenced). The disc carries 2N bipolar magnets (each referenced 133a or 133b), that is to say eight magnets, which are distributed regularly along the periphery of the disc and which have their direction of magnetization oriented radially with respect to the axis of rotation of the control unit. Four magnets, referenced 133a, have their north pole facing outward, and the other four magnets (referenced 133b) have their south pole facing outward. The rotary control member 121 also includes a star with 2N branches 149 which is mounted under the disc carrying the magnets. According to the invention, the rotary control member 121 is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation so as to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions around its axis of rotation. In the present example, the control member 121 is designed to occupy exactly 2N distinct stable positions which are regularly spaced by angular steps of 45 °. The jumper spring 39 is arranged to cooperate with the eight-pointed star 149, and its two elements are arranged, one relative to the other, so that one of the magnets 133a or 133b is always located substantially opposite with respect to the magnet 31 of the switching member 23 when the rotary control member 121 is in any one of its stable positions. In the configuration illustrated in figure 6 , it is the south pole of one of the magnets 133b which is positioned opposite the magnet 31. Under these conditions, the magnet 31 of the switching member 23 is attracted in the direction of the control member 121 so that the switching member is immobilized in abutment against the stop 28 and the hook 29 is released from the regulator 17, so that the latter is thus free to rotate.

Le dispositif de commutation représenté dans la figure 6 comporte un mécanisme d'actionnement à poussoir qui est pratiquement identique à celui du premier exemple. Ce mécanisme comporte un poussoir 41, un levier de commande 43 et un mobile intermédiaire 45. Toutefois, comme le montre la figure 6, le bec 47 du levier de commande 43 est agencé pour coopérer directement avec l'étoile 149 de l'organe rotatif de commande 121. Comme l'étoile 149 comporte huit branches, on comprend qu'une pression sur le poussoir 41 a pour effet de faire avancer l'organe rotatif de commande d'un pas de 45°. Une fois ce pas accompli, c'est le pôle nord d'un des aimants 133a qui occupera la position vis-à-vis du pôle nord de l'aimant 31. Dans cette situation, la force magnétique engendrée par l'interaction entre les aimants 31 et 133a repousse l'aimant 31 de sorte que la bascule 25 pivote et s'écarte de la butée 28. Ce mouvement de pivotement provoque l'abaissement du crochet 29 contre une denture extérieure du régulateur 17, ce qui stoppe alors ce régulateur.The switching device shown in the figure 6 includes a push-button actuation mechanism which is practically identical to that of the first example. This mechanism comprises a pusher 41, a control lever 43 and an intermediate mobile 45. However, as shown in the figure 6 , the spout 47 of the control lever 43 is arranged to cooperate directly with the star 149 of the rotary control member 121. As the star 149 has eight branches, it is understood that a pressure on the pusher 41 has the effect to advance the rotary control member by a step of 45 °. Once this step has been accomplished, it is the north pole of one of the magnets 133a which will occupy the position with respect to the north pole of the magnet 31. In this situation, the magnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnets 31 and 133a push back the magnet 31 so that the rocker 25 pivots and moves away from the stop 28. This pivoting movement causes the hook 29 to drop against an external toothing of the regulator 17, which then stops this regulator .

La figure 7 est une vue en plan de dessus d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention qui, tout comme les deux premiers modes de réalisation, se présente sous la forme d'un dispositif stop sonnerie. Ce troisième modèle de dispositif stop sonnerie partage beaucoup de caractéristiques avec le deuxième mode de réalisation. Pour faciliter la lecture, les éléments du troisième dispositif stop sonnerie qui ont déjà été décrits en relation avec le premier ou le deuxième dispositif sont désignés dans la figure 7 par les mêmes numéros de référence.The figure 7 is a top plan view of a third embodiment of the invention which, like the first two embodiments, is in the form of a ringing stop device. This third model of ringing stop device shares many characteristics with the second embodiment. To facilitate reading, the elements of the third ringing stop device which have already been described in relation to the first or the second device are designated in the figure 7 by the same reference numbers.

En comparant la figure 7 à la figure 6, on se rend compte que les différences entre les deuxième et troisième exemples de dispositif stop sonnerie concernent les deux structures magnétiques formant respectivement l'organe rotatif de commande 221 et l'organe mobile de commutation 223. En effet, bien que l'organe rotatif de commande illustré dans la figure 7 comprenne une étoile 149 qui comporte huit branches comme dans l'exemple précédent, l'organe de commande 221 ne comporte que quatre aimants bipolaires (référencés chacun 133b). Ces derniers ont tous leur direction d'aimantation orientée radialement avec leur pôle sud tourné vers l'extérieur (leur pôle nord étant tourné en direction de l'axe de rotation). Par contre, la bascule 125 de l'organe mobile de commutation 223 porte deux aimants bipolaires (référencés 131a et 131b). Ces deux aimants ont leurs directions d'aimantation sensiblement parallèles l'une à l'autre, mais en sens contraire, de sorte que le pôle sud de l'aimant 131a et le pôle nord de l'aimant 131b sont tournés en direction de l'organe de commande 221. On notera que les deux aimants 131a et 131b sont de préférence orientés radialement relativement à l'axe de rotation de l'organe de commande et décalés angulairement d'un pas angulaire de l'organe de commande.By comparing the figure 7 to the figure 6 , we realize that the differences between the second and third examples of ringing device concern the two magnetic structures respectively forming the rotary control member 221 and the movable member switching 223. Indeed, although the rotary control member illustrated in the figure 7 includes a star 149 which has eight branches as in the previous example, the control member 221 has only four bipolar magnets (each referenced 133b). The latter all have their direction of magnetization oriented radially with their south pole facing outwards (their north pole being turned towards the axis of rotation). On the other hand, the flip-flop 125 of the mobile switching member 223 carries two bipolar magnets (referenced 131a and 131b). These two magnets have their magnetization directions substantially parallel to each other, but in opposite directions, so that the south pole of the magnet 131a and the north pole of the magnet 131b are turned in the direction of the control member 221. It will be noted that the two magnets 131a and 131b are preferably oriented radially relative to the axis of rotation of the control member and angularly offset by an angular pitch of the control member.

Conformément à l'invention, l'organe rotatif de commande 221 est agencé pour être entrainé pas-à-pas dans un sens de rotation donné de manière à occuper successivement une pluralité de positions angulaires distinctes autour de son axe de rotation. On comprendra que dans le présent exemple, l'organe de commande 221 est prévu pour occuper exactement huit positions stables distinctes qui sont régulièrement espacées par des pas angulaire de 45°. On comprendra de plus que l'étoile 149 à huit branches et le sautoir 39 sont disposés, l'un relativement à l'autre, de manière à ce qu'à chaque pas, un seul des aimants 133b vienne s'immobiliser sensiblement en regard soit du pôle sud de l'aimant 131a, soit du pôle nord de l'aimant 131b. En se référant toujours à la figure 7, on peut voir que dans la configuration illustrée, le pôle sud d'un aimant 133b est positionné sensiblement vis-à-vis du pôle nord de l'aimant 131b. Dans ces conditions, l'aimant 131b de l'organe de commutation 223 est attiré en direction de l'organe de commande 221 de sorte que l'organe de commutation vient en appui contre la butée 28, l'organe mobile de commutation se trouvant alors dans une première position stable dans laquelle le crochet 29 est dégagé du régulateur 17, de sorte que ce dernier est libre de tourner.According to the invention, the rotary control member 221 is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation so as to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions around its axis of rotation. It will be understood that in the present example, the control member 221 is designed to occupy exactly eight distinct stable positions which are regularly spaced by angular steps of 45 °. It will further be understood that the eight-pointed star 149 and the jumper 39 are arranged, one relative to the other, so that at each step, only one of the magnets 133b comes to rest substantially opposite either from the south pole of magnet 131a, or from the north pole of magnet 131b. Always referring to the figure 7 , it can be seen that in the illustrated configuration, the south pole of a magnet 133b is positioned substantially opposite the north pole of the magnet 131b. Under these conditions, the magnet 131b of the switching member 223 is attracted by direction of the control member 221 so that the switching member bears against the stop 28, the movable switching member then being in a first stable position in which the hook 29 is released from the regulator 17, so that the latter is free to rotate.

Le dispositif de commutation représenté dans la figure 7 comporte un mécanisme d'actionnement à poussoir qui est identique à celui représenté dans la figure 6. Comme l'étoile 149 de la figure 7 comporte également huit branches, on comprend qu'une pression sur le poussoir 41 a pour effet de faire avancer l'organe rotatif de commande d'un pas de 45° dans le sens antihoraire. Une fois ce pas accompli, l'aimant 133b qui se trouvait en regard de l'aimant 131b en est écarté, mais un autre aimant 133b est maintenant positionné en regard du pôle sud de l'aimant 131a. Dans cette situation, la force magnétique engendrée par l'interaction entre les aimants 133b et 131a repousse le bras de la bascule 125 de sorte que cette dernière pivote et s'écarte de la butée 28. Ce mouvement de pivotement provoque l'abaissement du crochet 29 contre une denture extérieure du régulateur 17, ce qui le stoppe.The switching device shown in the figure 7 includes a push-button actuation mechanism which is identical to that shown in the figure 6 . Like star 149 of the figure 7 also comprises eight branches, it is understood that a pressure on the pusher 41 has the effect of advancing the rotary control member by a step of 45 ° in the counterclockwise direction. Once this step has been completed, the magnet 133b which was opposite the magnet 131b is moved away from it, but another magnet 133b is now positioned facing the south pole of the magnet 131a. In this situation, the magnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnets 133b and 131a pushes the arm of the rocker 125 so that the latter pivots and moves away from the stop 28. This pivoting movement causes the hook to be lowered 29 against an external toothing of the regulator 17, which stops it.

Les figures annexées 8 à 11 illustrent un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention qui est constitué par une pièce d'horlogerie comportant une lunette tournante et un mécanisme de verrouillage de la lunette. On sait que les montres de plongée sont le plus souvent équipées d'une lunette tournante. Cette lunette a pour fonction principale de marquer la position où se trouvait l'aiguille des minutes au début de la plongée. Le plongeur peut ensuite à tout moment savoir depuis combien de temps il est sous l'eau en observant la distance parcourue par l'aiguille des minutes depuis la position indexée par la lunette tournante. Dans le but d'éviter toute modification accidentelle de la position angulaire de la lunette tournante en cours de plongée, on a l'habitude d'équiper la lunette tournante d'un mécanisme de verrouillage.The appended figures 8 to 11 illustrate a fourth embodiment of the invention which consists of a timepiece comprising a rotating bezel and a mechanism for locking the bezel. We know that diving watches are most often equipped with a rotating bezel. The main function of this bezel is to mark the position where the minute hand was at the start of the dive. The diver can then know at any time how long he has been underwater by observing the distance traveled by the minute hand from the position indexed by the rotating bezel. In order to avoid any accidental modification of the angular position of the rotating bezel during diving, we are used to fitting the rotating bezel with a locking mechanism.

La figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'une pièce d'horlogerie comportant une lunette tournante (référencée 300) et un mécanisme de verrouillage de la lunette commandé par un bouton-poussoir 341. On comprendra que, conformément à l'invention, la lunette tournante 300 est un mécanisme horloger qui peut se trouver soit dans l'état verrouillé, soit dans l'était déverrouillé. De plus, le mécanisme de verrouillage constitue un exemple de dispositif de commutation 301 agencé pour faire commuter la lunette tournante entre un état verrouillé et un état déverrouillé.The figure 8 is a perspective view of a timepiece comprising a rotating bezel (referenced 300) and a mechanism for locking the bezel controlled by a push button 341. It will be understood that, in accordance with the invention, the rotating bezel 300 is a clockwork mechanism which can be either in the locked state or in the unlocked state. In addition, the locking mechanism constitutes an example of switching device 301 arranged to switch the rotating bezel between a locked state and an unlocked state.

En se référant plus particulièrement à la figure 10, on peut voir que la lunette tournante 300 présente une face inférieure crénelée et que le mécanisme de verrouillage comporte un organe rotatif de commande qui est formé par un arbre 350 monté pour pivoter autour d'un axe de rotation sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan de la lunette 300. L'arbre 350 peut par exemple être pivoté par ses deux extrémités entre la boîte de la montre (non représentée) et un cercle d'encageage (non représenté). L'arbre 350 est en outre muni d'un pignon coaxial 335 et d'un aimant bipolaire 333. Comme on le verra plus en détail plus loin, la direction d'aimantation de l'aimant bipolaire 333 est perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'arbre 350 et l'aimant est sensiblement centré sur cet axe de rotation. L'arbre 350 comporte également un tronçon non cylindrique qui comporte deux encoches en positions diamétralement opposées (une encoche visible sur la figure 10 est référencée 337). Ce tronçon non cylindrique est agencé pour coopérer avec un ressort-sautoir 339. Il joue le même rôle que la came bistable 37 du premier mode de réalisation.With particular reference to the figure 10 , it can be seen that the rotating bezel 300 has a crenellated underside and that the locking mechanism comprises a rotary control member which is formed by a shaft 350 mounted to pivot around an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the plane of the bezel 300. The shaft 350 can for example be pivoted by its two ends between the watch case (not shown) and a casing ring (not shown). The shaft 350 is further provided with a coaxial pinion 335 and a bipolar magnet 333. As will be seen in more detail below, the direction of magnetization of the bipolar magnet 333 is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 350 and the magnet is substantially centered on this axis of rotation. The shaft 350 also has a non-cylindrical section which has two notches in diametrically opposite positions (a notch visible on the figure 10 is referenced 337). This non-cylindrical section is arranged to cooperate with a jumper spring 339. It plays the same role as the bistable cam 37 of the first embodiment.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, le dispositif de commutation comporte également deux organes mobiles de commutation (respectivement référencés 323a et 323b) qui sont arrangés symétriquement de part et d'autre de l'arbre 350. Chacun des organes mobiles de commutation comporte une bascule (respectivement référencées 325a et 325b) montée pivotante autour d'un axe (respectivement référencés 327a et 327b). Les bascules comportent chacune deux bras s'étendant à partir de l'axe de pivotement. Un premier bras se prolonge par un bec (respectivement référencés 329a et 329b) et le second bras porte un aimant bipolaire (respectivement référencés 331a et 331b). La direction d'aimantation des aimants est sensiblement parallèle au plan de pivotement de la bascule. Un examen plus détaillé (figures 11A et 11B) montre encore que l'aimant 331a est orienté avec son pôle sud en regard de l'organe rotatif de commande et que l'aimant 331b est orienté avec son pôle nord en regard de l'organe de commande.In the illustrated embodiment, the switching device also comprises two movable switching members (respectively referenced 323a and 323b) which are arranged symmetrically on either side of the shaft 350. Each of the movable switching members comprises a rocker (respectively referenced 325a and 325b) pivotally mounted about an axis (respectively referenced 327a and 327b). The scales each have two arms extending from the pivot axis. A first arm is extended by a spout (respectively referenced 329a and 329b) and the second arm carries a bipolar magnet (respectively referenced 331a and 331b). The magnetization direction of the magnets is substantially parallel to the pivot plane of the rocker. A more detailed examination ( Figures 11A and 11B ) also shows that the magnet 331a is oriented with its south pole facing the rotary control member and that the magnet 331b is oriented with its north pole facing the control member.

Comme déjà mentionné, le dispositif de commutation 301 représenté dans les figures 8 à 11 comporte également un mécanisme d'actionnement à poussoir. Ce mécanisme comporte un poussoir 341, une crémaillère 343 présentant une denture à dents triangulaires, un ressort hélicoïdal 345 et un ressort sautoir 347. Comme le montrent les figures, la crémaillère 343 est rappelée contre le pignon 335 par le ressort sautoir 347. Dans ces conditions, lorsque le porteur de la montre appuie sur le poussoir 341, les dents triangulaires de la crémaillère 343 coopèrent avec la denture du pignon 335 pour faire tourner l'organe rotatif de commande. Lorsque le porteur de la montre relâche ensuite sa pression sur le poussoir, le ressort hélicoïdal 345 repousse la crémaillère 343 en direction du poussoir. La forme triangulaire des dents permet à la crémaillère de revenir en arrière en glissant sur la denture du pignon 335 sans faire tourner ce dernier. On comprendra donc que, conformément à l'invention, l'organe rotatif de commande est agencé pour être entrainé pas-à-pas dans un sens de rotation donné de manière à occuper successivement une pluralité de positions angulaires distinctes autour de son axe de rotation. Dans le présent exemple, l'organe de commande est prévu pour occuper exactement deux positions stables distinctes qui sont séparées l'une de l'autre par un pas angulaire de 180°. De plus, le tronçon non cylindrique de l'arbre 350 et le ressort sautoir 339 sont arrangés de manière à ce que la direction d'aimantation de l'aimant 333 soit sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe de symétrie entre les deux organes mobiles de commutation 323a et 323b lorsque l'organe de commande se trouve dans l'une ou l'autre de ses deux positions angulaires stables.As already mentioned, the switching device 301 shown in the figures 8 to 11 also includes a push-button actuation mechanism. This mechanism comprises a pusher 341, a rack 343 having a toothing with triangular teeth, a helical spring 345 and a jumper spring 347. As the figures show, the rack 343 is biased against the pinion 335 by the jumper spring 347. In these conditions, when the wearer of the watch presses the pusher 341, the triangular teeth of the rack 343 cooperate with the teeth of the pinion 335 to rotate the rotary control member. When the wearer of the watch then releases his pressure on the pusher, the helical spring 345 pushes the rack 343 towards the pusher. The triangular shape of the teeth allows the rack to go back by sliding on the teeth of the pinion 335 without rotating the latter. It will therefore be understood that, in accordance with the invention, the rotary control member is arranged to be driven step by step in a given direction of rotation so as to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions around its axis of rotation. In the present example, the control member is designed to occupy exactly two distinct stable positions which are separated from each other by an angular step of 180 °. In addition, the non-cylindrical section of the shaft 350 and the jumper spring 339 are arranged so that the direction of magnetization of the magnet 333 is substantially perpendicular to the axis of symmetry between the two movable switching members. 323a and 323b when the control member is in one or the other of its two stable angular positions.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif de commutation 301 va maintenant être décrit en se référant plus particulièrement aux figures 11A et 11B. Conformément à l'invention, le dispositif de commutation est agencé de manière qu'une rotation pas-à-pas de l'organe rotatif de commande provoque un mouvement alternatif de chacun des deux organes mobiles de commutation 323a et 323b sensiblement dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'arbre 350 entre deux positions radiales. Dans la configuration du dispositif de commutation illustrée dans la figure 11A, l'organe rotatif de commande est tourné de manière à ce que le pôle sud de l'aimant 333 (non visible sur la figure) soit orienté en direction d'un premier 323b des deux organes mobile de commutation. Dans ces conditions, l'aimant 331b de l'organe de commutation 323b est attiré en direction de l'arbre 350 de l'organe rotatif de commande, de sorte que l'organe de commutation 323b vient s'immobiliser dans une première position radiale dans laquelle son bec 329b est dégagé des créneaux formés sur la face inférieure de la lunette tournante 300. La figure 11A montre l'organe rotatif de commande tourné de manière à ce que le pôle sud de l'aimant 333 (non visible sur la figure) soit orienté en direction de l'organe mobile de commutation 323b. Le pôle nord de l'aimant 333 est donc tourné en direction de l'autre organe mobile de commutation 323a. Comme l'aimant 331a de l'organe de commutation 323a est orienté avec son pôle sud en regard de l'organe rotatif, il est attiré aussi en direction de l'arbre 350 de l'organe rotatif de commande, de sorte que le deuxième organe de commutation vient s'immobiliser dans sa première position radiale dans laquelle le bec 329a est également dégagé des créneaux formés sur la face inférieure de la lunette tournante 300. La lunette tournante est donc libre de tourner. Dans ces conditions, lorsqu'un utilisateur de la pièce d'horlogerie actionne le poussoir 341, ce dernier repousse la crémaillère 343, de sorte que les dents triangulaires de cette dernière entrainent le pignon 335 en rotation. Comme déjà indiqué, le tronçon non cylindrique de l'arbre 350 et le ressort sautoir 339 sont arrangés de manière que l'organe de commande avance par pas angulaire de 180°. L'actionnement du poussoir 341 par le porteur de la montre a donc pour effet de faire effectuer un demi-tour à l'organe rotatif de commande, de sorte que l'orientation de l'aimant 333 s'inverse, le pôle sud se trouvant alors orienté en direction de l'organe mobile de commutation 323a et le pôle nord en direction de l'organe de commutation 323b. Comme l'aimant 331a de l'organe de commutation 323a est orienté avec son pôle sud en regard de l'organe rotatif, il est repoussé par l'aimant de l'organe rotatif de commande, de sorte que l'organe de commutation 323a pivote et vient s'immobiliser dans une deuxième position radiale dans laquelle le bec 329a coopère avec l'un des créneaux formés sur la face inférieure de la lunette tournante 300 comme illustré dans la figure 11B. De plus, l'aimant 331b de l'organe de commutation 323b est orienté avec son pôle nord en regard de l'organe rotatif, il est donc aussi repoussé par l'aimant de l'organe rotatif de commande. L'organe de commutation 323b vient donc également se placer dans une deuxième position radiale dans laquelle le bec 329b coopère avec l'un des créneaux formés sur la face inférieure de la lunette tournante 300 comme illustré dans la figure 11B. La lunette tournante 300 est alors verrouillée.The operation of the switching device 301 will now be described with particular reference to Figures 11A and 11B . According to the invention, the switching device is arranged so that a step-by-step rotation of the rotary control member causes an alternating movement of each of the two movable switching members 323a and 323b substantially in a perpendicular plane to the shaft 350 between two radial positions. In the configuration of the switching device illustrated in the figure 11A , the rotary control member is rotated so that the south pole of the magnet 333 (not visible in the figure) is oriented towards a first 323b of the two movable switching members. Under these conditions, the magnet 331b of the switching member 323b is drawn towards the shaft 350 of the rotary control member, so that the switching member 323b comes to a stop in a first radial position. in which its beak 329b is released from the slots formed on the underside of the rotating bezel 300. The figure 11A shows the rotary control member rotated so that the south pole of the magnet 333 (not visible in the figure) is oriented towards the movable switching member 323b. The north pole of the magnet 333 is therefore turned in the direction of the other mobile switching member 323a. As the magnet 331a of the organ of switching 323a is oriented with its south pole opposite the rotary member, it is also attracted towards the shaft 350 of the rotary control member, so that the second switching member comes to a stop in its first radial position in which the spout 329a is also released from the slots formed on the underside of the rotating bezel 300. The rotating bezel is therefore free to rotate. Under these conditions, when a user of the timepiece actuates the pusher 341, the latter pushes the rack 343, so that the triangular teeth of the latter drive the pinion 335 in rotation. As already indicated, the non-cylindrical section of the shaft 350 and the jumper spring 339 are arranged so that the control member advances in angular steps of 180 °. The actuation of the push-button 341 by the wearer of the watch therefore has the effect of causing the rotary control member to make a U-turn, so that the orientation of the magnet 333 is reversed, the south pole is then being oriented towards the movable switching member 323a and the north pole toward the switching member 323b. As the magnet 331a of the switching member 323a is oriented with its south pole opposite the rotary member, it is repelled by the magnet of the rotary control member, so that the switching member 323a pivots and comes to rest in a second radial position in which the spout 329a cooperates with one of the slots formed on the underside of the rotating bezel 300 as illustrated in the figure 11B . In addition, the magnet 331b of the switching member 323b is oriented with its north pole opposite the rotary member, it is therefore also repelled by the magnet of the rotary control member. The switching member 323b therefore also comes to be placed in a second radial position in which the spout 329b cooperates with one of the slots formed on the underside of the rotating bezel 300 as illustrated in the figure 11B . The rotating bezel 300 is then locked.

Des variantes de ce quatrième mode de réalisation correspondent à des agencements avec plusieurs aimants bipolaires sur l'organe de commande ou sur l'organe de commutation, de manière similaire aux deuxième et troisième modes de réalisation.Variants of this fourth embodiment correspond to arrangements with several bipolar magnets on the control member or on the switching member, similarly to the second and third embodiments.

On remarquera que dans les divers modes de réalisation avec des organes de commande comprenant au moins quatre pôles magnétiques interagissant avec l'organe de commutation, l'organe de commande peut avantageusement comprendre, en lieu et place d'une pluralité d'aimants bipolaires, un aimant multipolaire radial. Dans une variante particulière, l'aimant multipolaire radial, de forme circulaire ou annulaire, comporte 2N pôles magnétiques externes (c'est-à-dire orientés vers l'extérieur de cet aimant multipolaire), N > 1, qui présentent des polarités alternées (c'est-à-dire alternativement sud et nord), l'axe de rotation de l'organe de commande passant par le centre de l'aimant multipolaire.It will be noted that in the various embodiments with control members comprising at least four magnetic poles interacting with the switching member, the control member may advantageously include, instead of a plurality of bipolar magnets, a radial multipolar magnet. In a particular variant, the radial multipolar magnet, of circular or annular shape, has 2N external magnetic poles (that is to say oriented towards the outside of this multipolar magnet), N> 1, which have alternating polarities (that is to say alternately south and north), the axis of rotation of the control member passing through the center of the multipolar magnet.

On notera que d'autres applications horlogères sont prévues dans le cadre de l'invention, notamment un dispositif d'embrayage latéral, permettant de transmettre momentanément un couple, ou un dispositif de commutation d'un mécanisme de chronographe du type décrit précédemment dans la section relative à l'art antérieur, dans lequel la roue à colonnes et la/les came(s) associée(s) sont remplacées par un dispositif de commutation selon l'invention. On remarquera que la présente invention s'applique à des réalisations avec plusieurs organes de commutation associés à un même organe de commande.It will be noted that other horological applications are provided within the framework of the invention, in particular a lateral clutch device, making it possible to transmit momentarily a torque, or a device for switching a chronograph mechanism of the type described previously in the section relating to the prior art, in which the column wheel and the associated cam (s) are replaced by a switching device according to the invention. It will be noted that the present invention applies to embodiments with several switching members associated with the same control member.

Dans les modes de réalisation décrits, l'organe de commande est actionné par un utilisateur via un dispositif d'actionnement comme un poussoir. D'autres dispositifs d'actionnement connus de l'homme du métier peuvent être envisagés. Ces mécanismes d'actionnement peuvent être actionnés par un utilisateur ou, dans d'autres modes de réalisation, être automatiquement et notamment périodiquement actionnés par la pièce d'horlogerie, c'est-à-dire par un autre mécanisme de cette pièce d'horlogerie qui coopère avec le mécanisme commuté selon l'invention.In the embodiments described, the control member is actuated by a user via an actuation device such as a pusher. Other actuation devices known to those skilled in the art can be envisaged. These actuation mechanisms can be actuated by a user or, in other modes of embodiment, be automatically and in particular periodically actuated by the timepiece, that is to say by another mechanism of this timepiece which cooperates with the switched mechanism according to the invention.

Finalement, l'invention a été décrite dans le cadre de pièces d'horlogerie entièrement mécanique. Toutefois, l'invention peut s'appliquer aussi avantageusement à des pièces d'horlogerie ayant des parties électromécaniques. Ainsi, le dispositif d'actionnement de l'organe de commande peut comprendre un moteur électromécanique.Finally, the invention has been described in the context of entirely mechanical timepieces. However, the invention can also advantageously be applied to timepieces having electromechanical parts. Thus, the actuating device of the control member can comprise an electromechanical motor.

Claims (10)

  1. Timepiece comprising:
    - a timekeeping mechanism able to switch between a first determined state and a second determined state;
    - a switching device (1; 301) arranged to switch the timekeeping mechanism between said first state and said second state, this switching device comprising a movable switching organ (23; 223; 323a, 323b) and a rotary control organ (21; 121; 221), the rotary control organ being arranged to be stepwise driven in a given direction of rotation in order to successively occupy a plurality of distinct angular positions about an axis of rotation (22; 350), the switching device being arranged so that a stepwise rotation of the rotary control organ (21; 121; 221) in said direction of rotation causes a reciprocating movement of the movable switching organ (23; 223; 323a, 323b) substantially in a plane perpendicular to said axis of rotation between two stable radial positions for at least one part of this movable switching organ, said organ being transferred from a first to a second of the two stable radial positions, in order to trigger a first switching of the timekeeping mechanism, when the rotary control organ is placed in a first angular position from among the plurality of distinct angular positions, and the movable switching organ being returned to the first of the two stable radial positions, in order to trigger a second switching of the timekeeping mechanism, when the rotary control organ is placed in a second angular position from among the plurality of distinct angular positions,
    characterised in that the movable switching organ (23; 223; 323a, 323b) and the rotary control organ (21; 121; 221) respectively support a first magnetic structure (31; 131a, 131b; 331a, 331b) and a second magnetic structure (33; 133a, 133b; 333) arranged in order to have a mutual magnetic interaction that allows the timekeeping mechanism to be switched between said first and second states on command, one of the first and second magnetic structures comprising at least one first magnetic pole and the other of the two magnetic structures comprising at least one second magnetic pole and a third magnetic pole with opposite polarities and being able to successively interact with the first magnetic pole, the first and second magnetic structures being arranged so that, in the first angular position of the rotary control organ, a first magnetic force, which is generated by a magnetic interaction between the first and second magnetic poles, acts on the switching organ in order to transfer said organ to the second of said two stable radial positions and so that, in the second angular position of the rotary control organ, a second magnetic force, which is generated by a magnetic interaction between the first and third magnetic poles and is in the opposite direction to the first magnetic force, acts on the switching organ in order to return said organ to the first of said two stable radial positions.
  2. Timepiece according to claim 1, characterised in that said first magnetic pole forms part of said first magnetic structure, whereas said second and third magnetic poles form part of said second magnetic structure.
  3. Timepiece according to claim 2, characterised in that the rotary control organ (21) is arranged to complete steps that each correspond to pivoting by 180°, so that the second magnetic structure is caused to alternately occupy two distinct angular positions about said axis of rotation, said second magnetic structure being formed by a bipolar magnet (33; 333), the two poles of which form the second and third magnetic poles, said axis of rotation passing between these second and third magnetic poles.
  4. Timepiece according to claim 2, characterised in that the rotary control organ (121) is arranged to complete steps each corresponding to pivoting by an angle π/N, with N > 1, so that the second magnetic structure is caused to successively occupy 2N distinct angular positions about said axis of rotation, said second magnetic structure comprising N second magnetic poles and N third magnetic poles radially oriented outwards and evenly distributed about said axis of rotation, the second and third magnetic poles being alternately arranged so that each second magnetic pole is interposed between two third magnetic poles.
  5. Timepiece according to claim 4, characterised in that the second magnetic structure is made up of a radial multipolar magnet comprising 2N alternated external poles, said axis of rotation substantially passing through the centre of the multipolar magnet.
  6. Timepiece according to claim 4, characterised in that the second magnetic structure comprises 2N bipolar magnets (133a, 133b) radially oriented and evenly distributed about said axis of rotation, the bipolar magnets being alternately magnetically oriented in one direction and in the other direction.
  7. Timepiece according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first magnetic structure is made up of a bipolar magnet (31; 331a, 331b), one of the two poles of which forms said first magnetic pole.
  8. Timepiece according to claim 1, characterised in that said first magnetic pole forms part of said second magnetic structure belonging to the rotary control organ (221), whereas said second and third magnetic poles with opposite polarities form part of said first magnetic structure belonging to the movable switching organ (223).
  9. Timepiece according to claim 8, characterised in that the rotary control organ (221) is arranged to complete steps each corresponding to pivoting by an angle π/N, with N > 1, so that the second magnetic structure is caused to successively occupy 2N distinct angular positions about said axis of rotation, in that said second and third magnetic poles are arranged on the movable switching organ (223) on the periphery of the rotary control organ (221) and, as seen from said axis of rotation of the control organ, they are angularly spaced apart by approximately π/N, and in that the second magnetic structure comprises N bipolar magnets (133b) radially oriented in the same direction and evenly distributed about said axis of rotation.
  10. Timepiece according to either claim 8 or claim 9, characterised in that the first magnetic structure is made up of a pair of bipolar magnets (131a, 131b) arranged substantially radially relative to said axis of rotation of the control organ and with their polarities inverted.
EP17172015.4A 2016-07-01 2017-05-19 Timepiece comprising a switching device of a clockwork mechanism Active EP3264200B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP16177617.4A EP3264199A1 (en) 2016-07-01 2016-07-01 Timepiece comprising a switching device of a clockwork mechanism

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EP (2) EP3264199A1 (en)
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EP3327518B1 (en) * 2016-11-29 2020-03-18 Montres Breguet S.A. Timepiece comprising a switching device of a clockwork mechanism
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US10037010B2 (en) 2018-07-31
EP3264200A1 (en) 2018-01-03
JP2018004629A (en) 2018-01-11
JP6594929B2 (en) 2019-10-23
HK1248837A1 (en) 2018-10-19
US20180004167A1 (en) 2018-01-04
EP3264199A1 (en) 2018-01-03
CN107561914B (en) 2019-07-05
CN107561914A (en) 2018-01-09

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