EP3261869A1 - Hybrid drive-train - Google Patents
Hybrid drive-trainInfo
- Publication number
- EP3261869A1 EP3261869A1 EP16708355.9A EP16708355A EP3261869A1 EP 3261869 A1 EP3261869 A1 EP 3261869A1 EP 16708355 A EP16708355 A EP 16708355A EP 3261869 A1 EP3261869 A1 EP 3261869A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- electric machine
- drive train
- speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
- B60W10/101—Infinitely variable gearings
- B60W10/103—Infinitely variable gearings of fluid type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/188—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
- B60W30/1882—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power characterised by the working point of the engine, e.g. by using engine output chart
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/188—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
- B60W30/1886—Controlling power supply to auxiliary devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/188—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
- B60W30/1886—Controlling power supply to auxiliary devices
- B60W30/1888—Control of power take off [PTO]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
- B60K25/06—Auxiliary drives from the transmission power take-off
- B60K2025/065—Auxiliary drives from the transmission power take-off the transmission being fluidic, e.g. hydraulic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/46—Drive Train control parameters related to wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60W2300/17—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
- B60W2510/0638—Engine speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/08—Electric propulsion units
- B60W2510/081—Speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
- B60W2710/0644—Engine speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
- B60W2710/081—Speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
- B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/20—Energy converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
- F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
- F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
- F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/38—Control of exclusively fluid gearing
- F16H61/40—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
- Y10S903/93—Conjoint control of different elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hybrid drive train of a vehicle, in particular a mobile work machine with an internal combustion engine and an electric machine.
- a hybrid powertrain is known from ATZ 7-8 / 2002, pages 664-674.
- the electric machine is connected to the internal combustion engine and a hydraulic pump.
- Construction machines are usually operated in their work phases with high constant rated speeds of the internal combustion engine in order to provide the maximum system performance at high dynamic load peaks at any time.
- a P-grade is usually set in the engine control unit, which raises the working speed further, as soon as the maximum utilization of the internal combustion engine is not reached. If the load is higher than the maximum load of the internal combustion engine, so that the internal combustion engine is pressed or even threatens to be strangled, usually engages a load limit control, which reduces the load of the internal combustion engine at the expense of the work to be done the construction machine to the extent Induces that the rated speed can be kept stationary.
- the object is to develop a method of increasing the torque of the entire drive train during acceleration phases of the internal combustion engine from a lower rotational speed to a higher rotational speed, with which the nominal rotational speed of construction machinery can be dynamically controlled during the working phases, without sacrificing dynamic load peaks to suffer.
- the system must be able to accelerate dynamically from lower to higher rated speeds even with very dynamic load requirements.
- the rated speed of construction machinery can be maintained over a wide range at the lowest possible and efficient speed in terms of fuel consumption.
- the invention is also based on the object to improve a hybrid powertrain of a vehicle.
- the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 or by a device according to claim 3.
- the illustrated embodiment employs the electric machine as an integrated starter and generator, a torque assistance of the internal combustion engine takes place in such a way that a high torque is available for a short time ( ⁇ 1 sec.).
- the conventional drive train of a mobile work machine consisting of an internal combustion engine and hydraulic drive units, is extended by a parallel-arranged electric machine, which spatially replaces the flywheel.
- the electric machine is powered by a power electronics from an electrical energy storage and can be operated in all four quadrants.
- the diesel-electric hybrid is operated speed-controlled in the given arrangement. That is, the driver's request is interpreted as a target speed. This mode of operation has established itself above all in the field of mobile machines.
- the diesel-electric hybrid should adjust the desired speed of the device operator, even when the load is variable, by adjusting the torque generated by the diesel-electric hybrid accordingly.
- the load is generated by the working hydraulics, the drive load and other outputs.
- the start of the internal combustion engine (VKM) is compared to the conventional drive not a separate starter motor, but directly on the electric machine. Unlike in the known powertrain, the internal combustion engine can be started within a very short period, which is approximately in the region of or below 200 milliseconds. In this way, the internal combustion engine can be operated in automatic start / stop mode.
- the start / stop operation causes the internal combustion engine to operate only when it is actually needed. If the internal combustion engine is at low idle for a certain period of time, it will be shut down by the system if desired.
- Operator components may be the accelerator pedal, the steering device, the actuation unit of the working hydraulics or the joystick.
- the electric machine is operated by a motor to increase the torque of the entire drive.
- the required torque which is necessary to maintain the desired speed of the device operator, is calculated by a control algorithm and implemented by the power electronics.
- the system takes into account all relevant states in the system such as state of charge of the energy storage, temperatures of individual components, etc.
- the rated speed is the desired speed of the internal combustion engine at full load.
- the working speed is the currently set speed with consideration of the P degree.
- the work phases are phases in which the construction machine is used, that is, the internal combustion engine is loaded. In phases in which you do not work with the construction machine, the rated speed is usually placed in the low idle.
- This function of dynamic speed reduction allows the use of a reduced-speed internal combustion engine.
- the power remains the same, which is required by the operator.
- the speed is lowered, but increases in accordance with the torque of the internal combustion engine.
- Short-term peak performance can be covered by the support of the motor-driven electric machine, so that the internal combustion engine no longer has to be designed for the required / desired peak power.
- top performances which are required in any case even at high nominal speeds (eg 2000 rpm), must continue to be provided by the internal combustion engine as far as possible.
- additional power peaks are added, which arise during the acceleration phases.
- a motor power can be used to increase the dynamics the electric machine are applied until this limitation is no longer necessary by sufficient boost pressure.
- the charging of the electrical energy storage takes place by the generation of a generator torque of the electric machine during operation.
- the generated torque is dependent on the state of charge of the energy storage, the utilization of the internal combustion engine and various system conditions.
- the torque can be switched as a manipulated variable of a controller or controlled.
- Recuperation generally refers to the recovery of mechanical braking energy into electrical energy.
- the braking energy is achieved by applying a braking torque to the electric machine.
- the high engine speeds are avoided, on the other hand, the braking energy is fed via the electric machine and the power electronics in the electrical energy storage.
- hybrid powertrains of mobile machines consisting of the components of the invention internal combustion engine (diesel engine), electric machine with inverter, electric energy storage and hydraulic drive and drive, is used to reduce CO 2 - emissions and fuel consumption, inter alia, the function of load point shift.
- the optimal target Speed determined and transferred as a setpoint to the downstream speed controller.
- the optimum setpoint speed is determined on the basis of the information from the HMI interfaces (Human Machine Interface).
- HMI interfaces Human Machine Interface
- the state of charge of the energy storage z. B. does not matter.
- the speed controller of the internal combustion engine is still in the engine control unit.
- the speed specification ie the setpoint speed, is determined in the hybrid control unit.
- the internal combustion engine is speed-controlled.
- the electric machine is torque-controlled.
- the target torque is calculated from the speed difference (see position ⁇ in FIG. 5).
- a high power reserve is maintained in order to respond adequately to the load changes due to the very dynamic load changes of the driving or working drive during operation of the internal combustion engine.
- this power reserve is necessary to reduce the duration of the boost pressure build-up.
- the hybrid powertrain it is possible to save this power reserve Significantly reduce internal combustion engine.
- a motor power of the electric machine is applied until the internal combustion engine is at an operating point in which it can independently apply the requested power. This strategy is particularly favored by the rapid adjustment of the moment of the electric machine.
- FIG. 3 shows in a characteristic diagram the function "load point shift"
- FIG. 4 shows a system topology of a mildly hybrid system of a construction machine, by way of example with an electric electric machine and energy storage
- Figure 5 schematic diagram for determining the target speed of the internal combustion engine with dynamic
- An internal combustion engine 1 which is in particular a self-igniting internal combustion engine (diesel engine), is directly coupled to an electric machine 2, which is connected to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 1 instead of a flywheel.
- the stator of this electric machine 2 is connected to the crankcase and the rotor is connected to the crankshaft.
- the rotor is further connected to a gear pump 3 and further to an axial piston pump 4.
- the output of the gear pump 3 is connected via proportional valves 5 (for example) with a working cylinder 6, a lifting cylinder 7 and a steering cylinder 8.
- Gear pump 3 and axial piston pump 4 are hydraulic working machines.
- the electric machine 2 is connected via a Vierquadrantenumrichter 12 with an electrical energy storage 13. Furthermore, a hybrid control unit 21 is provided with which all individual control devices of the components, in particular of the drive train and of the storage line, can be coordinated.
- P1 - P2 corresponds to the dynamic speed reduction when the load (power) remains stationary.
- P2 - P3 corresponds to the course with dynamic speed reduction and support of the electric machine (2).
- P2 - P4 corresponds to the course with dynamic speed reduction, but without support of the electric machine (2).
- FIG. 4 shows, in combination with FIG. 5, how the nominal rotational speed of the internal combustion engine of a construction machine can be accelerated highly dynamically during a working phase despite dynamic load peaks.
- the internal combustion engine is extended to a mild hybrid system.
- the extension consists of an energy storage device 13 and an electric machine 2, which can be connected both directly to the crankshaft and to a PTO (power take-off).
- the electric machine 2 with the associated energy storage 13 can be designed both electrically and hydraulically.
- the electric machine 2 operates in the delivery or absorption of energy in comparison to the internal combustion engine 1 highly dynamically.
- the internal combustion engine 1 operates during its work phases with the lowest possible speed.
- the internal combustion engine 1 is supported during the acceleration process to the higher target speed of the electric machine 2 in parallel high dynamic, z.
- the energy storage device 13 is recharged by means of the electric machine 2, for example, by the generator operation of the electric machine 2.
- the load requirement must be be detected as early as possible in order to support the Verbrennungskraftma- machine 1 very quickly with the help of the electric machine 2 in the acceleration phase can. This is done fastest by evaluating the signals of the HMI interfaces 20, such. B. the joysticks 20, operated by the operator.
- the electric machine 2 of mildly hybrid drive supports the internal combustion engine 1 highly dynamically during the acceleration phases the desired higher rated speed.
- the electric machine 2 is connected directly to the crankshaft or to a PTO.
- the electric machine 2 with its energy storage 13 can be designed both electrically and hydraulically.
- batteries and / or capacitors and / or hydraulic accumulator come into consideration.
- the method and the device are suitable in principle for all construction machines that are currently operating at high rated speeds during the work phases due to the provision of power reserves in dynamic load requirements see.
- a special application takes place, for example, in an industrial excavator.
- the HMI signal is received via the CAN bus from the hybrid control unit, the transmission rate is in the range of about 10 m sec or less.
- the HMI signal represents z. B. is the deflection of a joystick 20 from left to right and is transmitted via CAN as a signal with a range of - 100% to + 100%.
- all HMI signals are read by the hybrid control unit, which lead to an increase in the load on the internal combustion engine.
- All HMI signals are evaluated in the hybrid control unit 21 and calculated therefrom a desired speed for the internal combustion engine 1. The evaluation takes place via maps and a weighting factor for each HMI signal.
- Rapid change of an HMI signal also results in a rapid change of the setpoint speed R in FIG. 5.
- the rapid change of the HMI signal always means a rapid load increase for the internal combustion engine 1, which counteracts a rapid adaptation of the actual speed to the target speed.
- the speed difference is used to calculate the desired torque of the electric machine 2 - ⁇ in FIG. 5.
- HMI Human Machine Interface
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015002111.7A DE102015002111A1 (en) | 2015-02-23 | 2015-02-23 | Hybrid powertrain |
PCT/EP2016/000290 WO2016134835A1 (en) | 2015-02-23 | 2016-02-19 | Hybrid drive-train |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3261869A1 true EP3261869A1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
Family
ID=55484944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16708355.9A Ceased EP3261869A1 (en) | 2015-02-23 | 2016-02-19 | Hybrid drive-train |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20180009309A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3261869A1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP2018508396A (en) |
CN (1) | CN107107736B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015002111A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016134835A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10619330B2 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2020-04-14 | Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co., Ltd. | Multiple level work hydraulics anti-stall |
EP3489530A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-05-29 | B&R Industrial Automation GmbH | Hydraulic system with servo drive and a hydraulic consumer and control for the hydraulic system |
EP3640067A1 (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2020-04-22 | Elephant Racing LLC | Control techniques for controlling electric hybrid retrofitted vehicles |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE10261278B4 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2018-12-13 | Volkswagen Ag | Method and device for torque change |
JP3921218B2 (en) * | 2004-11-25 | 2007-05-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Control device for hybrid vehicle |
DE102007002739A1 (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for changing the speed of a drive of a vehicle |
DE102007019156A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-23 | Deutz Ag | Hybrid powertrain |
DE102007038585A1 (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2009-03-19 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Method for load point shift in hybrid operation in a parallel hybrid vehicle |
JP5085734B2 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2012-11-28 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Hybrid construction machine |
JP5550064B2 (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2014-07-16 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Hybrid work machine |
DE102011106399A1 (en) * | 2011-07-02 | 2013-01-03 | Magna E-Car Systems Gmbh & Co Og | powertrain |
JP5828808B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2015-12-09 | 日立建機株式会社 | Hydraulic work machine |
WO2014087978A1 (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-06-12 | 日立建機株式会社 | Work machine |
-
2015
- 2015-02-23 DE DE102015002111.7A patent/DE102015002111A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2016
- 2016-02-19 CN CN201680005055.9A patent/CN107107736B/en active Active
- 2016-02-19 US US15/547,284 patent/US20180009309A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-02-19 JP JP2017531996A patent/JP2018508396A/en active Pending
- 2016-02-19 WO PCT/EP2016/000290 patent/WO2016134835A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-02-19 EP EP16708355.9A patent/EP3261869A1/en not_active Ceased
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2020
- 2020-12-25 JP JP2020216659A patent/JP2021073128A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2021073128A (en) | 2021-05-13 |
CN107107736B (en) | 2020-01-21 |
JP2018508396A (en) | 2018-03-29 |
WO2016134835A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
DE102015002111A1 (en) | 2016-10-20 |
CN107107736A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
US20180009309A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 |
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