EP3250855B1 - Dispositif d'amenée d'air pour un incinérateur - Google Patents

Dispositif d'amenée d'air pour un incinérateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3250855B1
EP3250855B1 EP16701723.5A EP16701723A EP3250855B1 EP 3250855 B1 EP3250855 B1 EP 3250855B1 EP 16701723 A EP16701723 A EP 16701723A EP 3250855 B1 EP3250855 B1 EP 3250855B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
bar
protective cladding
distribution pipe
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16701723.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP3250855A1 (fr
Inventor
Tobias Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mokesys AG
Original Assignee
Mokesys AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mokesys AG filed Critical Mokesys AG
Publication of EP3250855A1 publication Critical patent/EP3250855A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air above the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M20/00—Details of combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for, e.g. means for storing heat from flames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/06—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in fire-boxes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for feeding air into the combustion chamber of a combustion furnace according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • an air feed device in the form of an elongated beam is used, which extends substantially horizontally between two opposite side walls of the incinerator across the furnace.
  • the beam is externally provided with a composite of a plurality of plates protective cover made of a refractory material.
  • air distribution pipes Through the interior of the beam run air distribution pipes into which air can be supplied through the ends of the beam and the side walls of the incinerator.
  • the beam has distributed laterally over its length arranged air outlets, which are communicatively connected to the air distribution pipes.
  • the beam Under the protective cover, the beam has a heat exchanger assembly and connected thereto for a heat exchange medium.
  • the cables also lead through the ends of the beam to the outside.
  • the beam is usually prism-like and is therefore often referred to as a prism.
  • the prism-like beam is arranged in the combustion chamber of the combustion furnace, that a sharper angle of the cross section is at the top and a duller or less acute angle of the cross section below and slightly offset laterally relative to the acute angle. Consequently, the beam has two lower and two upper, roof-like side surfaces, wherein one of the upper, roof-like side surfaces is slightly more inclined to the vertical than the other.
  • slag and / or fly ash frequently accumulates on the upper side surfaces of the beam, in particular in the comparatively colder end regions of the beam. Particularly pronounced is the slag and / or fly ash deposit on the opposite of the vertical more inclined upper side surface of the beam. Slag and / or fly ash deposits hinder the heat transfer into the heat exchanger arrangement located under the protective lining and are undesirable, among others, for that reason alone.
  • the DE 44 01 821 A1 discloses a similar air supply device in which secondary air nozzles are arranged in a lower region of a prismatic beam, via which secondary air is blown in the direction away from the beam in the combustion chamber. Again, the upper portions of the beam in particular are exposed to the deposition of slag and / or fly ash.
  • the invention has the object to improve an air feed device of the generic type such that the formation and deposition of slag and / or fly ash is prevented or at least reduced.
  • a device for feeding air into the combustion chamber of a combustion furnace comprises an elongated, provided with a refractory protective and two-end having bars, through the interior of which at least one Beerverteilrohr runs, and arranged along the beam, with the at least one Dunverteilrohr communicatively connected air outlets.
  • the beam has air guiding means, which are arranged in an upper region of the beam at least in the vicinity of its two ends for generating air veils which descend downward over in each case a surface region of the beam.
  • the air curtains prevent slag and / or fly ash formation on the relevant surface area of the beam.
  • Such arranged air conduction prevent slag and / or fly ash formation at the most critical, relatively colder places.
  • the air guiding means comprise air guiding slots, which are communicatively connected to the at least one air distribution pipe and open out substantially tangentially to the surface areas of the beam.
  • Such Luftleitschlitze are manufacturing technology relatively simple.
  • the air-guiding slots are each formed by a gap between a section of the protective covering and a guide element which engages over this section of the protective covering. This allows a particularly simple practical realization of the air conduction.
  • the guide element is formed on a shaped block, which itself is part of the protective covering. This allows the practical implementation of the air conduction means by simple replacement of plates of the protective covering by appropriate conglomerates.
  • the shaped brick has a concavely curved section, in which an undercut groove is formed, into which at least one retaining bolt engages for fastening the shaped block.
  • the molded block can be attached to the remainder of the beam much like a protective cover plate.
  • the beam is advantageously prism-like.
  • the beam under the protective cover on a heat exchanger assembly and communicatively connected thereto extending in the longitudinal direction of the beam pipes for a heat exchange medium. This allows the heat energy applied to the beams in the incinerator to be used to heat the heat exchange medium.
  • the beam is formed so that the at least one air distribution pipe from the outside air through the ends of the beam can be fed.
  • the air outlets are arranged laterally on the beam. This allows optimal air feed into the combustion chamber.
  • the device preferably has means for controlling the pressure of the air discharged via the air outlets. This makes it possible to adapt the pressure of the air curtain to the requirements of operation, that is to drive with a lower or higher air pressure as needed. For example, it would be possible to start with a relatively low air pressure and, if this proves to be insufficient to prevent slag and / or fly ash storage, then increase it until a slag and / or fly ash deposit is sufficiently prevented.
  • these means for controlling the pressure are designed such that air pulses can be generated with them. With such air pulses slag and / or fly ash deposit can be prevented even better, which is particularly useful if this is a constant air pressure is insufficient or this would have to be increased so much that too much air is fed.
  • the air guiding means are arranged in the uppermost quarter of the beam.
  • FIG. 1 shows the most essential parts of an exemplary incinerator 100. Downwardly, the incinerator 100 is limited by a grate 101. Above this there is a combustion chamber 102, followed by a train 103 upwards. In the firebox 102 there are an air feeder 104 and above two burners 105 and 106. The side of the combustion furnace 100 is followed by a feeder 107 for charging the incinerator 100 with material to be burned, typically waste. The walls of the incinerator are internally provided with a protective lining of refractory plates. With the exception of the air feed device 104, the incinerator 100 is conventional and therefore needs no further explanation. The invention relates to all the special design of the air supply device 104, which is described in detail below.
  • Air injection device 104 shown on a larger scale, comprises an elongated, prismatic beam 10 which extends horizontally across the combustion chamber 102 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) of the incinerator 100 and with its two ends 11 on two opposite side walls 108 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) of the incinerator 100 is fixed.
  • the beam 10 is formed in cross-section substantially almost deltoid-shaped and externally provided with a composite of refractory plates protective cover 12.
  • a heat exchanger arrangement in the form of two kinked tube walls 13 and 14 (FIG. Fig. 3 ).
  • In the interior of the beam 10 extend in the longitudinal direction of two pipes 15 and 16 ( Figures 2 and 3 ), which are communicatively connected to the tube walls 13 and 14 and by means of which a heat exchange medium (usually water or water vapor) from the outside through one or both ends 11 of the beam 10 can be supplied or discharged back to the outside.
  • the two pipes 15 and 16 are arranged within or under the protective cover 12 in the region of the upper and the lower longitudinal edge of the beam 10.
  • the two kinked and interconnected via the pipes 15 and 16 tube walls 13 and 14 form the supporting structure of the beam 10, the plates of the protective cover 12 are attached to this supporting structure.
  • the plates of the protective cover 12 are adapted to the outer shape of the beam 10.
  • just trained plates 23 are used in curved sections correspondingly curved plates 24 are used.
  • the plates 23 and 24 are arranged next to and above each other in rows and columns.
  • the plates 23 and 24 are fixed to the tube walls 13 and 14 and to the pipes 15 and 16 in a conventional manner, for example by means of the tube walls 13 and 14 and to the pipes 15 and 16 fastened retaining bolts which are in the plates 23rd and engage behind 24 provided grooves.
  • a plurality of air outlets 17 and 18 is arranged distributed over the longitudinal extent of the beam.
  • In the interior of the beam 10 extend in the longitudinal direction of two Heilverteilrohre 19 and 20 which are communicatively connected to the air outlets 17 and 18 via lines 21 and 22 respectively.
  • the two Heilverteilrohre 19 and 20 extend through an end 11 of the beam 10 and the adjacent side wall 108 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) of the incinerator 100 through and serve to supply air from the outside and to feed the air outlets 17 and 18th
  • the uppermost region of the air feed device 104 or of the beam 10 is specially designed.
  • This special embodiment according to the invention consists in that 10 air guiding means are arranged in the uppermost region of the beam for producing air curtains which descend downward over a surface region 25 of the beam 10.
  • the air guiding means may extend over the entire length of the beam, but are preferably limited to one end region 26 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) in the vicinity of the two ends 11 of the beam 10, where, according to experience, a lower temperature prevails in the combustion furnace and therefore the tendency to slag and / or fly ash deposit is most pronounced.
  • the air guiding means comprise in the end regions 26 guide elements 31 which are arranged next to one another and each cover or cover a section 27 of the protective covering 12 (FIG. Fig. 3 ) and between each other and the covered section 27 each form a Gutiertschlitz 32 or gap.
  • air outlet openings 28 are arranged in the beam, which open on the one hand in the Heilleitschlitze 32 and column and on the other hand via lines 29 communicating with the Heilverteilrohr 19 are connected so that air from Heilverteilrohr 19 can get into the Heilleitschlitze 32.
  • the column or Heilleitschlitze 32 open substantially tangentially to the adjoining the covered section 27 surface portion 25 of the beam 10 and its protective cover 12 and generate during operation of the air supply device already mentioned, in Fig. 4 symbolically indicated by a line 33 air curtain, which finally swirls in the rising hot combustion gases.
  • the guide elements 31 are each realized as part of specially formed shaped bricks 30 made of refractory material.
  • the stones 30 are arranged in a row next to each other and form (in the two end portions 26 of the beam 10) at the same time a part of the protective cover 12 in which the upper pipe 15 comprehensive section. Instead of a curved plate 24, the pipe 15 is thus protected on one side by the shaped bricks 30. Between the two end portions 26, the pipe 15 is enclosed only by curved plates 24.
  • a number of further molds 40 form a transition between the curved plates 24 and the molded bricks 30.
  • any refractory filling material e.g. made of refractory concrete, be provided.
  • the formation of the molded blocks 30 is in the Figures 5-8 shown in more detail.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a molded block 30 in profile, the Figures 6-8 based on Fig. 5 the molded block 30 each in a side view from above, from the left and from the right.
  • the molded block 30 has a concavely curved portion 34, which is adapted to the outer shape of the pipe 15 and with which the molded block 30 is seated on the pipe 15.
  • an undercut groove 35 which engage in the pipe 15 fixed retaining bolts 36 and thereby attach the molded block 30 to the pipe 15.
  • Fig. 5 is a (attached to the pipeline) retaining pin 36 is shown schematically. With similar or same retaining bolts 36 and all other plates 23 and 24 of the protective cover 12 are attached.
  • the guide element 31 is formed directly on the molded body 30.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif pour injecter de l'air dans le foyer d'un four d'incinération, comportant une poutre (10) allongée pourvue d'un revêtement de protection réfractaire et présentant deux extrémités (11), dont l'intérieur est traversé par au moins un tube de répartition d'air (19, 20), et comportant des sorties d'air (17, 18) agencées le long de la poutre (10) et reliées avec communication audit au moins un tube de répartition d'air (19, 20), caractérisé en ce que la poutre (10) comprend des moyens de guidage d'air qui sont agencés dans une zone supérieure de la poutre (10) au moins à proximité de ses deux extrémités (11) et qui sont destinés à générer des rideaux d'air (33) balayant chacun vers l'aval par-dessus une zone de surface respective (25) de la poutre (10) .
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de guidage d'air comprennent des fentes de guidage d'air (32) qui sont reliées avec communication audit au moins un tube de répartition d'air (19) et qui débouchent sensiblement tangentiellement aux zones de surface voisines (25) de la poutre (10).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les fentes de guidage d'air (32) sont formées chacune par un intervalle entre une portion (27) du revêtement de protection (12) et un élément de guidage (31) coiffant cette portion (27) du revêtement de protection.
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de guidage (31) est réalisé sur un bloc moulé (30) qui fait lui-même partie intégrale du revêtement de protection (12).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le bloc moulé (30) présente une portion (34) incurvée concave dans laquelle est ménagée une gorge (35) en contre-dépouille dans laquelle vient s'engager au moins un goujon de retenue (36) pour fixer le bloc moulé.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la poutre (30) est réalisée en forme de prisme.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au-dessous du revêtement de protection (12), la poutre (10) présente un agencement d'échangeur de chaleur (13, 14) et des conduits tubulaires (15, 16) pour un fluide d'échange thermique qui sont reliés avec communication audit agencement et qui s'étendent en direction longitudinale de la poutre.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la poutre (10) est réalisée de telle sorte que de l'air peut être amené de l'extérieur audit au moins un tube de répartition d'air (19, 20) à travers les extrémités (11) de la poutre (10).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les sorties d'air (17, 18) sont agencées latéralement sur la poutre (10).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens pour contrôler la pression de l'air échappé via les sorties d'air (17, 18).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour contrôler la pression sont réalisés de manière à permettre de générer des impulsions d'air.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de guidage d'air sont agencés dans le quart supérieur de la poutre (10).
EP16701723.5A 2015-01-30 2016-01-20 Dispositif d'amenée d'air pour un incinérateur Active EP3250855B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00114/15A CH710683B1 (de) 2015-01-30 2015-01-30 Vorrichtung zur Einspeisung von Luft in den Feuerraum eines Verbrennungsofens.
PCT/CH2016/000009 WO2016119069A1 (fr) 2015-01-30 2016-01-20 Dispositif d'amenée d'air pour un incinérateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3250855A1 EP3250855A1 (fr) 2017-12-06
EP3250855B1 true EP3250855B1 (fr) 2018-11-07

Family

ID=52648765

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16701723.5A Active EP3250855B1 (fr) 2015-01-30 2016-01-20 Dispositif d'amenée d'air pour un incinérateur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3250855B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH710683B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016119069A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112745961B (zh) * 2019-10-31 2021-08-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种立式微波加热生物质气化反应器

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1739594A (en) * 1924-02-13 1929-12-17 Combustion Eng Corp Furnace protection
DE654851C (de) * 1935-05-15 1937-12-31 Alexandre Germeau In Feuerungen einzubauender kastenfoermiger Luftvorwaermer
GB795252A (en) * 1955-07-07 1958-05-21 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements relating to furnace chambers with secondary air supplies
CH665468A5 (de) * 1983-05-20 1988-05-13 Theodor Koch Verfahren zur sekundaerluftzufuehrung, sekundaerlufteinlass zur ausfuehrung des verfahrens sowie anwendung des verfahrens.
DE3569816D1 (en) * 1984-05-18 1989-06-01 Theodor Koch Interior boiler combustion chamber wall
DE4401821C2 (de) * 1994-01-22 1998-01-15 Joachim Dipl Ing Kuemmel Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Stoffen, insbesondere von Müll und Biomassen, und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US6067979A (en) * 1998-08-04 2000-05-30 Dennis Jaasma Combustion system
ATE364157T1 (de) * 2003-07-03 2007-06-15 Visser & Smit Bv Verbrennungsvorrichtung und verfahren

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3250855A1 (fr) 2017-12-06
CH710683A1 (de) 2016-08-15
WO2016119069A1 (fr) 2016-08-04
CH710683B1 (de) 2021-01-29

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