EP3250498B1 - Load restraining device - Google Patents
Load restraining device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3250498B1 EP3250498B1 EP16701548.6A EP16701548A EP3250498B1 EP 3250498 B1 EP3250498 B1 EP 3250498B1 EP 16701548 A EP16701548 A EP 16701548A EP 3250498 B1 EP3250498 B1 EP 3250498B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- securing device
- load securing
- load
- guide rail
- retaining element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/12—Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members
- B66F9/18—Load gripping or retaining means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a load securing device. Furthermore, the invention relates to a lifting carriage with a load securing device.
- a lifting carriage is understood to mean a device for attachment to a lifting frame, such a lifting frame being, for example, the lifting frame of an industrial truck and a load-carrying means, for example a lifting fork, being attachable to the lifting slide.
- Lifting forks are usually used in pairs, for example to be able to safely lift pallets on which there is a load.
- Lift carriages are known in the prior art.
- the German Offenlegungsschrift discloses DE 10 2012 217 996 A1 a lifting carriage for attachment to a mast, with which a given mast can be given more stroke, whereby it is ensured that the forks are always moved synchronously and are therefore always at essentially the same height.
- lifting forks can be individually positioned by manually hanging them in different positions on the lifting carriage.
- a lifting carriage is known in which at least two horizontally movable load-bearing elements can be moved relative to one another by drive elements, so that the horizontal positions of the load-bearing elements cannot be adjusted manually by moving them, but remotely, for example from the driver's cab of an industrial truck, the operator of the industrial truck does not have to leave the driver's cab of the industrial truck to adjust the horizontal positions of the load-bearing elements.
- the load can fall off the load-bearing element on three sides, namely in the direction opposite the lifting carriage, hereinafter referred to as the front direction, and in the two horizontal directions pointing essentially perpendicular to the front direction, hereinafter referred to as the lateral directions.
- the load-bearing element is a lifting fork, the falling in the front direction can be prevented by providing a sufficient length of the lifting fork.
- the load to be picked up is very narrow compared to the height, for example, so narrow that the two lifting forks must be positioned so that they are very close to one another and may even touch to fit under the load.
- Such loads are usually provided with their own distance devices to the ground, so that the lifting fork tines can be pushed under the load.
- these spacers are so small that only relatively thin forks fit under the load. The distance devices are minimized in order to increase the packing density in shelf systems or during transport, for example in trucks or containers, in which such loads can be stored vertically one above the other.
- masts and load securing devices should build as little as possible in the vertical direction.
- the cross section through which the driver of the industrial truck observes his travel path and the load to be picked up or transported should be as large as possible.
- a load securing device which secures a load placed on a load-bearing element against falling during transport.
- a load securing device has a holding or pressing element which can be connected to the load-bearing elements so that it can be raised and lowered, and two or more holding or pressing elements can be provided at intervals over the entire loading width of the vehicle formed by the transport units.
- the load securing device has a load-holding plate which can be displaced on a guide rail parallel to the mast and / or or has lateral support plates which are laterally displaceably mounted on further guide rails.
- a load securing device which has a mast and a holding element, a support element and a guide rail, the load securing device being arranged so as to be vertically displaceable on the mast, the guide rail being essentially parallel to the mast and the support element being in engagement with the guide rail, the support element of the guide rail (is supported and wherein the pivoting of the holding element in the vertical direction is prevented by the support element.
- a forklift device which has a lifting frame and a support frame.
- a means for a forward and backward pivoting movement is attached to the support frame.
- the lifting frame can be moved laterally via a drive means without influencing the tilting.
- Means are also provided to control the tilting of the lifting frame.
- the font US 2,772,800 A discloses a load securing device comprising at least one mast and a holding element, a support element and a 'guide rail', the load securing device being arranged on the at least one mast so as to be vertically displaceable in or against the x direction, the 'guide rail' being substantially parallel to the has at least one mast and the support element can be brought into engagement with this part of the 'guide rail', the support element being supported by the 'guide rail', the holding element being arranged pivotably about a pivot point, the holding element being pivoted into a substantially horizontal position can be activated, and wherein the pivoting of the holding element in the vertical direction is prevented by the support element.
- the object of the invention is to provide a load securing device with which, even with a narrow and / or long load to be picked up by a load-bearing element, a falling of the load from the load-bearing element is reliably prevented, and despite the intended load securing device, neither the cross section through which an operator of the load securing device can observe its route and the load to be picked up or transported, is considerably restricted, and the possible vertical height of the load is to be excessively restricted by the load securing device.
- the load securing device should be made as light as possible.
- the load securing device should have the largest possible vertical adjustment area or opening area to the load-bearing element, so that both high and low loads can be stabilized, safely and quickly taken up and transported. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a load securing device with the features of independent claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the load securing device result from subclaims 2 to 14.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a lifting slide with a load-bearing element, with which the load is reliably prevented from falling off the load-bearing element even when the load is narrow and / or long, whereby neither the cross section through which an operator of the lifting carriage can observe his travel path and the load to be picked up or transported is significantly restricted, nor is the possible vertical height of the load to be excessively restricted.
- the lifting carriage should be made as light as possible.
- a load securing device is characterized in that it has at least one mast and a holding element, a support element and a guide rail, the load securing device is arranged on the at least one mast so as to be vertically displaceable in or against the x-direction, the guide rail is essentially parallel to the one comprises at least one extended part and the support element of this part can be brought into engagement with the guide rail, the support element being supported by the guide rail and the holding element being arranged pivotably about a pivot point, the holding element being pivoted into a substantially horizontal position can be activated, wherein the pivoting of the holding element in the vertical direction (x) is prevented by the support element when the support element is engaged in the part of the guide rail which is essentially parallel to the at least one mast.
- the load securing device can be activated by pivoting the holding element into a substantially horizontal position. In the deactivated state, the holding element is folded away into a substantially vertical position, so that in this position it holds the cantilevered loads that do not require load securing, and maximizes the flexibility of the applications of the lifting carriage.
- a deflection of the holding element is mechanically prevented in a simple manner, so that no force application means, such as hydraulic cylinders, are required to apply the holding force to the holding element.
- the load securing device is to be displaced in the vertical direction on the at least one mast so that the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail. This is possible, for example, by choosing a shorter length of the guide rail compared to the at least one mast. If the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail, the holding element can be pivoted about a pivot point in a substantially vertical position and can thereby be deactivated.
- the load securing device small and compact, which is positive with regard to the cross section, the possibility of observing the route and the path to be recorded Load transported by an operator of the load securing device and the weight of the device.
- the maximum weight that can be carried by a load is only slightly restricted and the energy consumption for lifting a load is minimized.
- the load securing device has the largest possible vertical adjustment or opening area to the load-bearing elements, with which both high and low loads can be stabilized, safely and quickly picked up and transported.
- the load securing device can be activated and deactivated. In applications in which load securing is not necessary or even undesirable, the load securing device can thus simply be folded away into an essentially vertical position. For this purpose, the load securing device can be moved vertically in the direction of the load receiving element, the load receiving device being pivotable as soon as the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail, so that it is no longer supported.
- the load securing device can be attached, for example, to a known lifting carriage, which in turn is attached, for example, to an industrial truck.
- the lifting carriage can in turn have a device for increasing the stroke. In this case, it is advantageous if the load securing device is attached to the stroke enlarging device.
- the holding element can be pivoted in the positive x direction.
- the at least one mast protrudes beyond the guide rail in the positive x direction.
- the load securing device is moved upwards on the at least one mast in the positive x-direction such that the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail.
- the holding element is pivoted about the pivot point in the opposite x direction and, in the deactivated state, points downward in the opposite x direction.
- the holding element can be pivoted in the negative x direction.
- the at least one mast projects beyond the guide rail in the negative x direction.
- To deactivate in this Embodiment moved the load securing device downwards in the opposite x direction on the at least one mast so that the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail.
- To deactivate the holding element is pivoted about the pivot point in the x direction and, when deactivated, points upward in the x direction.
- the lifting slide with the deactivated load securing element has a lower overall height than in the opposite case described above.
- the holding element in an essentially vertical position in the positive y direction is not extended beyond the maximum extent of the at least one mast in the positive y direction.
- the positive y-direction is the direction in which the load-bearing element is extended to load-bearing, i.e. in other words, the direction of travel of an industrial truck.
- the essentially vertical position of the holding element corresponds to the deactivated state of the load securing device. Because the holding element in the deactivated state does not protrude beyond the at least one mast in the forward direction of the industrial truck, the load securing device is particularly compact in this direction, so that the usable depth of the load-bearing element for load-carrying is only minimally restricted.
- the load securing device is attached to a lifting carriage in such a way that the at least one mast does not protrude beyond the lifting carriage in the positive y direction.
- the usable depth of the load suspension element for load suspension is not restricted.
- the load securing device continues to have a yoke, the holding element being pivotable in the vertical direction in relation to the yoke.
- the yoke forms the connecting bridge to the vertical holding element guides and increases the stability of the load securing device.
- the yoke and the holding element can be moved vertically in the same direction in the x direction or in the opposite x direction, their vertical distance being constant.
- the holding force exerted by the load against the holding element provides a bending moment that has to be absorbed. Since this bending moment but also on the support element on the Guide rail is transmitted, the yoke itself does not have to absorb a bending moment, but only a reaction force and can therefore be carried out more easily.
- the load securing device also has an energy store, the energy store being tensioned when the holding element is in an essentially horizontal position.
- the energy accumulator exerts a torque on the holding element about the axis of rotation in the pivoting direction, which corresponds to the deactivation of the load securing device.
- the load securing device is moved vertically in the direction of the load-bearing element such that the support element is out of engagement with the guide rail, the support element is no longer supported by the guide rail and the holding element is pivoted about its axis of rotation in the vertical direction by the torque applied by the energy accumulator so that the load securing device is deactivated. It is particularly advantageous that the pivoting takes place solely through the vertical movement of the load securing device, without the need for an additional activator, such as an additional hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. As a result, the load securing device is particularly small, which has an advantageous effect on the cross section through which an operator of the lifting carriage can observe its travel path and the load to be picked up or transported, and on the possible vertical height of the load.
- the weight of the lifting carriage is further minimized.
- the energy accumulator is connected on one side to the yoke and on the other side to the pivotable holding element.
- the preferred gas spring can be mounted both horizontally and vertically.
- the energy accumulator is a compression spring.
- the energy accumulator can be a gas pressure spring.
- the energy accumulator can also be a tension spring, for example a gas tension spring.
- Gas pressure and gas tension springs are known in the prior art. They are characterized by a large force development compared to their size, low weight and freedom from maintenance.
- the cross section through which an operator of the lifting carriage can observe his travel path and the load to be picked up or transported is further optimized and the possible vertical height of the load is optimized.
- the weight of the load securing device is further optimized.
- a great advantage of this preferred embodiment is that if the holding element were to strike a shelf element lying above it when the load carriage was lifted, it can move downwards against the spring force, thus significantly minimizing the likelihood of damage to the holding element and / or the shelf is. It has also proven to be advantageous if the support element has a wear element with which the support element is supported on the guide rail. When the load securing device is moved vertically, the support element rubs against the guide rail. The wear element concentrates the wear on this element, the wear element being easy to replace. This minimizes the maintenance effort for the load securing device.
- the wear element can be designed, for example, as a roller or roller bearing. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a sliding beam as a wear element.
- the guide rail is operatively connected to the at least one mast.
- the at least one mast itself can also be designed as a guide rail.
- the lifting carriage has a height adjustment device for the load securing device, with the aid of which the load securing device can be adjusted in the vertical direction (x) along the guide rail.
- the height adjustment device is integrated in the at least one mast.
- the height adjustment device can be a spindle, for example a ball screw, or a hydraulic cylinder.
- the height adjustment device in the area shortly before the end position simultaneously represents the actuating element with which the holding element is pivoted and thus the load securing device is activated or deactivated.
- the height adjustment device has at least one guide profile.
- the height adjustment preferably has two guide profiles which are arranged behind, that is to say pointing in the direction of a picked-up load, on the lifting carriage attached to the lifting carriage or to the side thereof.
- the at least one height adjustment device can be attached outside the guide profile or can be integrated in the guide profile, as a result of which it is advantageously protected. With a sufficiently long guide, the height adjustment device can only be integrated in one guide profile, only one profile being guided in the other guide profile.
- the holding element has a maximum dimension D from the axis of rotation to the direction opposite to the axis of rotation, the length H F of the guide rail corresponding at least to the dimension D of the holding element.
- Fig. 1 shows a load securing device 100 according to the invention on a lifting carriage 150 in a three-dimensional view from the front with activated holding element 110.
- Two lifting forks 160 are attached to the lifting carriage 150 as a load-bearing element.
- the load securing device has two masts 151 of length H M , to which a holding element 110 is attached via a yoke 111.
- the holding element 110 is in the activated position, that is to say it is pivoted forward in the positive y direction in the direction of the lifting forks 160.
- the frame-shaped holding element 110 is fastened to the yoke 111 so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation 112.
- the yoke 111 is vertically movably connected to the masts 151 via height adjustment devices 115 which are mounted in the mast profiles, at least one height adjustment device 115 being designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
- a gas pressure spring 140 can be seen in the illustration as an energy store, the gas pressure spring 140 exerting a force on the holding element 110 which generates a torque about the axis of rotation 112.
- the holding element 110 has an extent D in the direction of the lifting forks 160.
- two guide rails 130 of length H F are attached to the masts 151, each of which ends in the opposite x direction with a curved path 131.
- the holding element 110 is in its highest position. In this position, a load can be picked up with the lifting forks 160.
- the holding element 110 can be lowered in the vertical direction opposite the x direction to the load in order to clamp the load between the lifting forks 160 and the holding element 110 in this way.
- the load securing device 100 is fastened to a lifting carriage 150 which carries the two lifting forks 160 and can be moved vertically on a lifting frame (not shown) of an industrial truck (not shown).
- Fig. 2 shows a detail of a load securing device 100 according to the invention in a three-dimensional view from behind with activated holding element 110.
- gas pressure spring 140 is tensioned as a compression spring in the illustrated activated position of holding element 110. It acts on the one hand on the holding element 110 itself, on the other hand on a lever element 113 which is fastened to the yoke 111.
- the axis of rotation 112 is also mounted in this lever element 113, the gas pressure spring 112 acting against the x-direction below the axis of rotation 112 on the lever element 113 and thus generating a torque about the axis of rotation 112.
- This torque acts in such a way that the holding element 110 would pivot upward, that is to say in the x direction, if this were not prevented by the supporting elements 120, which act against the guide rail 130 via wear elements 121. If the load securing device on the guide rails 130 is moved further vertically against the x-direction to such an extent that the support elements 120 are located in the region of the curved tracks 131 of the guide rails 130, the support elements 120 can no longer counteract the torque and the holding element 110 pivots clockwise above, that is to say in the x direction, about the axis of rotation 112.
- Fig. 3 shows a load securing device 100 according to the invention with activated holding element 110 in a side view.
- the holding element has a horizontal dimension D in the activated state, measured between the axis of rotation 112 and the maximum front dimension.
- the masts 151 of the load securing device 100 are not extended in the positive y direction over the front edge of the lifting carriage 150 lying in the positive y direction.
- Fig. 4 shows a load securing device 100 according to the invention with activated holding element 110 in a view from above.
- the load securing device 100 has two masts 151, a height adjustment device 115 acting in the form of a hydraulic piston in one of the masts 151.
- the holding element 110 can be displaced vertically, ie in or against the x direction, via this hydraulic piston 115.
- the deactivated holding element 110 can counteract the activated holding element 110 via the height adjustment device 115 for activation via the area 131 of the cam track in the guide rail 130 vertically in the x direction or vice versa via the height adjustment device 115 for deactivation below the area 131 of the cam track in the guide rail 130 are shifted vertically in the x direction.
- the holding element 110 If the holding element 110 is activated, it can be shifted vertically in the x direction via the height adjustment device 115 to a maximum position. In this position, a load can be picked up with the load-bearing element 160. When the load rests on the load-bearing element 160, the holding element can be displaced vertically against the x-direction via the height adjustment device 115 in such a way that it rests on the surface of the load and the load is clamped between the load-bearing element 160 and the holding element 110, thereby ensuring safe lifting and transporting the load is possible.
- Fig. 5 shows a load securing device 100 according to the invention in a three-dimensional view from the front with activated holding element 110.
- the holding element 110 is located near the lower maximum position in which it is still activated, i.e. in which the supporting element 120 is still in the vertical region of the guide rail 130 outside the Area 131 of the cam track is located.
- the guide rail 130 with the length H F is located between the region 131 of the curved path in the guide rail 130 and the upper end of the guide rail 130 in the x direction, the holding element 110 being vertically displaceable over the length H F in the activated state.
- H F is at least as large as the maximum extent D of the holding element 110 seen from the axis of rotation 112.
- the holding element 110 can be folded away substantially perpendicularly to the load-bearing element 160 in the deactivated state, so that the lifting carriage 150 can also be used without restriction by the load securing device 100 in all cases in which a load securing device 100 is not required or is even a hindrance.
- Fig. 6 A load securing device 100 according to the invention can be seen in a three-dimensional view from the front with the holding element 110 deactivated. In this case, H F is greater than the extent D of the holding element 110.
- the holding element 110 is pivoted into the vertical essentially perpendicular to the load-bearing element 160, that is to say essentially parallel to the masts 151.
- the entire depth of the load-bearing element 160 is available for receiving a load.
- No part of the load securing device 100 projects beyond the masts 151.
- the moving parts of the load securing device 100 are thus in a protected position.
- the masts 151 themselves do not protrude above the lifting carriage 150 in the positive y direction, so that the maximum depth of the lifting forks 160 is available for the load pick-up.
- Fig. 7 shows a section of a load suspension device 100 according to the invention with deactivated holding element 110 in a side sectional view.
- the guide rail 130 is shown in section with the area 131 of the cam track.
- the support element 120 and the wear element 121 are also shown in section, the holding element 110 being pivoted about the axis of rotation 112 into a vertical position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lastsicherungsvorrichtung. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung einen Hubschlitten mit Lastsicherungsvorrichtung.The invention relates to a load securing device. Furthermore, the invention relates to a lifting carriage with a load securing device.
Unter Hubschlitten wird dabei eine Vorrichtung für den Anbau an ein Hubgerüst verstanden, wobei ein solches Hubgerüst beispielsweise das Hubgerüst eines Flurförderfahrzeugs ist und wobei an dem Hubschlitten ein Lastaufnahmemittel, beispielsweise eine Hubgabel, befestigbar ist. Dabei werden Hubgabeln üblicherweise paarweise eingesetzt, um beispielsweise Paletten, auf denen sich eine Last befindet, sicher anheben zu können. Hubschlitten sind im Stand der Technik bekannt. Beispielsweise offenbart die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift
Wird nun mit einem an einem solchen Hubschlitten befestigten Lastaufnahmeelement eine Last aufgenommen und angehoben, so besteht die Gefahr, dass die Last von dem Lastaufnahmeelement herunter fällt. Dabei kann die Last nach drei Seiten von dem Lastaufnahmeelement herunter fallen, nämlich in die dem Hubschlitten entgegengesetzte Richtung, im Folgenden als Frontrichtung bezeichnet, sowie in die beiden horizontalen, im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Frontrichtung weisenden Richtungen, im Folgenden als Seitrichtungen bezeichnet. Handelt es sich bei dem Lastaufnahmeelement um eine Hubgabel, so kann durch das Vorsehen einer ausreichenden Länge der Hubgabel das Herunterfallen in Frontrichtung sicher verhindert werden. Viele Flurförderzeuge besitzen eine Neigungsvorrichtung, mit deren Hilfe die Last um einen kleinen Winkel rückwärts neigbar ist, womit das Risiko eines Kippens der Last in Frontrichtung weiter reduziert wird. Da Hubgabeln üblicherweise paarweise eingesetzt werden, kann durch die Wahl der horizontalen Position der beiden Hubgabeln zueinander, nämlich jeweils möglichst weit an den Außenrändern der anzuhebenden Last, bei einer an die Lastbreite angepassten Lasthöhe beziehungsweise Höhe des Schwerpunkts der Last ein seitliches Herunterfallen der Last ebenfalls sicher verhindert werden. Das gleiche gilt bei dem Transport der angehobenen Last beispielsweise mit einem Flurförderfahrzeug, insbesondere bei Kurvenfahrt und/oder Fahrt auf einer schiefen oder unebenen Ebene quer zur Frontrichtung.If a load is now picked up and raised with a load-bearing element fastened to such a lifting carriage, there is the Risk of the load falling off the load-bearing element. In this case, the load can fall off the load-bearing element on three sides, namely in the direction opposite the lifting carriage, hereinafter referred to as the front direction, and in the two horizontal directions pointing essentially perpendicular to the front direction, hereinafter referred to as the lateral directions. If the load-bearing element is a lifting fork, the falling in the front direction can be prevented by providing a sufficient length of the lifting fork. Many industrial trucks have a tilting device that can be used to tilt the load backwards by a small angle, which further reduces the risk of the load tipping over in the front direction. Since lifting forks are usually used in pairs, the choice of the horizontal position of the two lifting forks relative to each other, namely as far as possible on the outer edges of the load to be lifted, can also ensure that the load falls to the side at a load height or height of the center of gravity of the load be prevented. The same applies to the transport of the lifted load, for example with an industrial truck, in particular when cornering and / or driving on an inclined or uneven plane transverse to the front direction.
In bestimmten Fällen ist die aufzunehmende Last aber im Vergleich zur Höhe sehr schmal, beispielsweise so schmal, dass die beiden Hubgabeln so positioniert werden müssen, dass sie sich sehr nah zueinander befinden und sich eventuell sogar berühren, um unter die Last zu passen. Solche Lasten sind üblicherweise mit eigenen Distanzvorrichtungen zum Boden versehen, so dass die Hubgabelzinken unter die Last geschoben werden können. In manchen Fällen sind diese Distanzvorrichtungen aber so klein bemessen, dass nur relativ dünne Gabeln unter die Last passen. Die Distanzvorrichtungen werden dabei minimiert, um die Packungsdichte in Regalsystemen oder beim Transport beispielsweise in Lastkraftwagen oder Containern zu erhöhen, in denen solche Lasten vertikal übereinander eingelagert werden können. Sind solche Lasten zusätzlich relativ lang und schwer, kommt es beim Anheben der Last zu starken Durchbiegungen der Hubgabeln und beim Transport insbesondere über unebene Böden zu Federbeziehungsweise Wippbewegungen der Hubgabeln. Damit verbunden ist eine erhöhte Gefahr des Herabfallens der Last von den Hubgabeln, wobei die seitliche Stabilität der Last auf den Hubgabeln durch die minimale Breite der Lastunterstützung durch die Hubgabeln stark eingeschränkt ist.In certain cases, however, the load to be picked up is very narrow compared to the height, for example, so narrow that the two lifting forks must be positioned so that they are very close to one another and may even touch to fit under the load. Such loads are usually provided with their own distance devices to the ground, so that the lifting fork tines can be pushed under the load. In some cases, these spacers are so small that only relatively thin forks fit under the load. The distance devices are minimized in order to increase the packing density in shelf systems or during transport, for example in trucks or containers, in which such loads can be stored vertically one above the other. If such loads are also relatively long and heavy, there will be strong deflections of the lifting forks when lifting the load and spring or rocking movements of the lifting forks during transport, especially over uneven floors. Associated with this is an increased risk of the load falling from the lifting forks, the lateral The stability of the load on the lifting forks is severely restricted by the minimum width of the load support by the lifting forks.
Andererseits ist es eine weitere Anforderung, Regalbodenabstände in Lastregalen, in denen Lasten eingelagert werden, zu minimieren, um Hallenhöhe einzusparen beziehungsweise in eine gegebene Hallenhöhe möglichst viele vertikal übereinander liegende Regalböden zu installieren. Daraus folgt, dass Hubgerüste und Lastsicherungsvorrichtungen möglichst wenig in vertikaler Richtung aufbauen sollen. Zusätzlich soll beispielsweise bei an Flurförderfahrzeugen angebrachten Hubgerüsten der Querschnitt, durch den der Fahrer des Flurförderfahrzeugs seinen Fahrweg und die zu aufzunehmende beziehungsweise transportierte Last beobachtet, möglichst groß sein.On the other hand, it is a further requirement to minimize shelf spacing in load racks in which loads are stored in order to save hall height or to install as many vertically stacked shelves as possible in a given hall height. From this it follows that masts and load securing devices should build as little as possible in the vertical direction. In addition, for example in the case of masts attached to industrial trucks, the cross section through which the driver of the industrial truck observes his travel path and the load to be picked up or transported should be as large as possible.
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Aus der Offenlegungsschrift
Die Schrift
Bei den bekannten Lastsicherungsvorrichtungen wird allerdings die Flexibilität des Hubschlittens durch die Lastsicherungsvorrichtungen selbst eingeschränkt. Im Stand der Technik sind zur Lösung dieses Problems Beispiele bekannt bei denen das Halteelement manuell beziehungsweise hydraulisch weggeklappt werden kann. Allerdings wird bei diesen Systemen der Querschnitt, durch den ein Bediener der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung seinen Fahrweg und die aufzunehmende beziehungsweise zu transportierte Last beobachten kann, wesentlich eingeschränkt. Darüber hinaus wird hierbei die mögliche vertikale Höhe der Last stark eingeschränkt und das Eigengewicht eines Hubschlittens mit montierter Lastsicherungsvorrichtung wird stark erhöht, wodurch sich die durch den Hubschlitten maximal aufnehmbare Last entsprechend reduziert.In the known load securing devices, however, the flexibility of the lifting carriage is limited by the load securing devices themselves. To solve this problem, examples are known in the prior art in which the holding element can be folded away manually or hydraulically. In these systems, however, the cross section through which an operator of the load securing device can observe his travel path and the load to be picked up or transported is considerably restricted. In addition, the possible vertical height of the load is greatly restricted and the dead weight of a lifting carriage with a mounted load securing device is greatly increased, as a result of which the maximum load that can be absorbed by the lifting carriage is reduced accordingly.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Lastsicherungsvorrichtung anzugeben, mit der auch bei schmaler und/oder langer durch ein Lastaufnahmeelement aufzunehmender Last ein Herabfallen der Last von dem Lastaufnahmeelement sicher verhindert wird, wobei trotz der vorgesehenen Lastsicherungsvorrichtung weder der Querschnitt, durch den ein Bediener der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung seinen Fahrweg und die aufzunehmende beziehungsweise zu transportierte Last beobachten kann, wesentlich eingeschränkt, noch die mögliche vertikale Höhe der Last durch die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung übermäßig eingeschränkt werden soll.The object of the invention is to provide a load securing device with which, even with a narrow and / or long load to be picked up by a load-bearing element, a falling of the load from the load-bearing element is reliably prevented, and despite the intended load securing device, neither the cross section through which an operator of the load securing device can observe its route and the load to be picked up or transported, is considerably restricted, and the possible vertical height of the load is to be excessively restricted by the load securing device.
Zusätzlich soll die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung möglichst leicht ausgeführt sein. Darüber hinaus soll die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung einen möglichst großen vertikalen Verstellbereich beziehungsweise Öffnungsbereich zu dem Lastaufnahmeelement aufweisen, damit sowohl möglichst hohe als auch niedrigere Lasten stabilisiert, sicher und schnell aufgenommen und transportiert werden können. Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Lastsicherungsvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen 2 - 14. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen Hubschlitten mit einem Lastaufnahmeelement anzugeben, mit dem auch bei schmaler und/oder langer aufzunehmender Last ein Herabfallen der Last von dem Lastaufnahmeelement sicher verhindert wird, wobei weder der Querschnitt, durch den ein Bediener des Hubschlittens seinen Fahrweg und die aufzunehmende beziehungsweise zu transportierte Last beobachten kann, wesentlich eingeschränkt, noch die mögliche vertikale Höhe der Last übermäßig eingeschränkt werden soll. Zusätzlich soll der Hubschlitten möglichst leicht ausgeführt sein. Diese weitere Aufgabe wird durch einen Hubschlitten gemäß Anspruch 15 gelöst. Eine erfindungsgemäße Lastsicherungsvorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens einen Mast und ein Haltelement, ein Stützelement und eine Führungsschiene aufweist, die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung an dem mindestens einen Mast in oder entgegen der x-Richtung vertikal verschiebbar angeordnet ist, die Führungsschiene ein im Wesentlichen parallel zu dem mindestens einen Mast ausgedehntes Teil aufweist und das Stützelement diesem Teil mit der Führungsschiene in Eingriff bringbar ist, wobei das Stützelement von der Führungsschiene gestützt wird und wobei das Halteelement um einen Drehpunkt verschwenkbar angeordnet ist, wobei das Halteelement durch das Schwenken in eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Stellung aktivierbar ist, wobei das Schwenken des Halteelements in vertikaler Richtung (x) durch das Stützelement verhindert wird, wenn das Stützelement in dem im Wesentlichen parallel zu dem mindestens einen Mast ausgedehnten Teil der Führungsschiene in Eingriff ist. Die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung ist durch ein Verschwenken des Halteelements in eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Stellung aktivierbar. Im deaktivierten Zustand ist das Halteelement in eine im Wesentlichen vertikale Stellung weggeklappt, so dass es in dieser Stellung die Aufnahme von ausladenden Lasten, die keiner Lastsicherung bedürfen, nicht einschränkt und die Flexibilität der Einsatzfälle des Hubschlittens maximiert. Durch die Abstützung des Halteelements an der Führungsschiene, sofern sich das Stützelement im Eingriff mit der Führungsschiene befindet, wird ein Ausweichen des Halteelements auf einfache Weise mechanisch verhindert, so dass keine Kraftaufbringmittel wie beispielsweise Hydraulikzylinder erforderlich sind, um die Haltekraft auf das Halteelement aufzubringen. Darüber hinaus entfällt die für einen Hydraulikzylinder benötigte hydraulische Ansteuerung und es müssen keine Hydraulikschläuche verlegt werden. Diese Schläuche müssten den gesamten vertikalen Verstellbereich der Haltevorrichtung mitgeführt werden und würden Platz in Anspruch nehmen und die Herstellungskosten erhöhen. Die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung ist soweit in vertikaler Richtung an dem mindestens einen Mast zu verschieben, dass das Stützelement nicht mehr im Eingriff mit der Führungsschiene ist. Dies ist beispielsweise durch die Wahl einer geringeren Länge der Führungsschiene im Vergleich zu dem mindestens einen Masts möglich. Ist das Stützelement nicht mehr im Eingriff mit der Führungsschiene, kann das Halteelement um einen Drehpunkt in einem im Wesentlichen vertikale Stellung verschwenkt und dadurch deaktiviert werden. Dadurch, dass keine Kraftaufbringmittel zur Aufbringung der Haltekraft erforderlich sind, baut die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung klein und kompakt, was sich positiv in Hinblick auf den Querschnitt, die Beobachtungsmöglichkeit des Fahrwegs und der aufzunehmende beziehungsweise zu transportierte Last durch den ein Bediener der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung sowie das Eigengewicht der Vorrichtung auswirkt. Hierdurch wird das aufnehmbare Maximalgewicht einer Last nur wenig eingeschränkt und der Energieverbrauch für das Anheben einer Last minimiert. Darüber hinaus weist die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung einen möglichst großen vertikalen Verstellbeziehungsweise Öffnungsbereich zu den Lastaufnahmeelementen auf, womit sowohl möglichst hohe als auch niedrigere Lasten stabilisiert, sicher und schnell aufgenommen und transportiert werden können.In addition, the load securing device should be made as light as possible. In addition, the load securing device should have the largest possible vertical adjustment area or opening area to the load-bearing element, so that both high and low loads can be stabilized, safely and quickly taken up and transported. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a load securing device with the features of independent claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the load securing device result from subclaims 2 to 14. Another object of the invention is to provide a lifting slide with a load-bearing element, with which the load is reliably prevented from falling off the load-bearing element even when the load is narrow and / or long, whereby neither the cross section through which an operator of the lifting carriage can observe his travel path and the load to be picked up or transported is significantly restricted, nor is the possible vertical height of the load to be excessively restricted. In addition, the lifting carriage should be made as light as possible. This further object is achieved by a lifting slide according to claim 15. A load securing device according to the invention is characterized in that it has at least one mast and a holding element, a support element and a guide rail, the load securing device is arranged on the at least one mast so as to be vertically displaceable in or against the x-direction, the guide rail is essentially parallel to the one comprises at least one extended part and the support element of this part can be brought into engagement with the guide rail, the support element being supported by the guide rail and the holding element being arranged pivotably about a pivot point, the holding element being pivoted into a substantially horizontal position can be activated, wherein the pivoting of the holding element in the vertical direction (x) is prevented by the support element when the support element is engaged in the part of the guide rail which is essentially parallel to the at least one mast. The load securing device can be activated by pivoting the holding element into a substantially horizontal position. In the deactivated state, the holding element is folded away into a substantially vertical position, so that in this position it holds the cantilevered loads that do not require load securing, and maximizes the flexibility of the applications of the lifting carriage. By supporting the holding element on the guide rail, provided that the supporting element is in engagement with the guide rail, a deflection of the holding element is mechanically prevented in a simple manner, so that no force application means, such as hydraulic cylinders, are required to apply the holding force to the holding element. In addition, there is no hydraulic control required for a hydraulic cylinder and no hydraulic hoses have to be laid. These hoses would have to be carried along the entire vertical adjustment range of the holding device and would take up space and increase the manufacturing costs. The load securing device is to be displaced in the vertical direction on the at least one mast so that the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail. This is possible, for example, by choosing a shorter length of the guide rail compared to the at least one mast. If the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail, the holding element can be pivoted about a pivot point in a substantially vertical position and can thereby be deactivated. The fact that no force application means are required to apply the holding force makes the load securing device small and compact, which is positive with regard to the cross section, the possibility of observing the route and the path to be recorded Load transported by an operator of the load securing device and the weight of the device. As a result, the maximum weight that can be carried by a load is only slightly restricted and the energy consumption for lifting a load is minimized. In addition, the load securing device has the largest possible vertical adjustment or opening area to the load-bearing elements, with which both high and low loads can be stabilized, safely and quickly picked up and transported.
Durch die Verschwenkmöglichkeit des Halteelements ist die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung aktivier- und deaktivierbar. In Anwendungsfällen, in denen eine Lastsicherung nicht erforderlich oder sogar unerwünscht ist, kann somit die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung einfach in eine im Wesentlichen vertikale Stellung weggeklappt werden. Dazu kann die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung vertikal in Richtung zu dem Lastaufnahmeelement bewegt werden, wobei die Lastaufnahmevorrichtung schwenkbar ist, sobald sich das Stützelement nicht mehr im Eingriff mit der Führungsschiene befindet, so dass es nicht mehr gestützt wird.Due to the pivoting possibility of the holding element, the load securing device can be activated and deactivated. In applications in which load securing is not necessary or even undesirable, the load securing device can thus simply be folded away into an essentially vertical position. For this purpose, the load securing device can be moved vertically in the direction of the load receiving element, the load receiving device being pivotable as soon as the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail, so that it is no longer supported.
Die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung kann beispielsweise an einen bekannten Hubschlitten angebracht werden, der seinerseits beispielsweise an einem Flurförderfahrzeug befestigt ist. Der Hubschlitten kann seinerseits eine Vorrichtung zur Hubvergrößerung aufweisen. In diesem Fall ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung an der Hubvergrößerungsvorrichtung angebracht ist.The load securing device can be attached, for example, to a known lifting carriage, which in turn is attached, for example, to an industrial truck. The lifting carriage can in turn have a device for increasing the stroke. In this case, it is advantageous if the load securing device is attached to the stroke enlarging device.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist das Halteelement in positive x-Richtung verschwenkbar. Beispielsweise ragt dazu der mindestens eine Mast in positiver x-Richtung über die Führungsschiene hinaus. Zum Deaktivieren wird hierbei die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung soweit an dem mindesten einen Mast nach oben in positive x-Richtung gefahren, dass das Stützelement sich nicht mehr mit der Führungsschiene im Eingriff befindet. Das Halteelement wird dabei zum Deaktivieren um den Drehpunkt in entgegengesetzte x-Richtung verschwenkt und weist im deaktivierten Zustand nach unten in die entgegengesetzte x-Richtung.In an advantageous embodiment, the holding element can be pivoted in the positive x direction. For example, the at least one mast protrudes beyond the guide rail in the positive x direction. To deactivate, the load securing device is moved upwards on the at least one mast in the positive x-direction such that the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail. To deactivate, the holding element is pivoted about the pivot point in the opposite x direction and, in the deactivated state, points downward in the opposite x direction.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist das Haltelement in negativer x-Richtung verschwenkbar. Beispielsweise ragt dazu der mindestens eine Mast in negativer x-Richtung über die Führungsschiene hinaus. Zum Deaktivieren wird in dieser Ausführungsform die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung soweit an dem mindestens einen Mast nach unten in entgegensetzte x-Richtung gefahren, dass das Stützelement sich nicht mehr mit der Führungsschiene im Eingriff befindet. Das Halteelement wird dabei zum Deaktivieren um den Drehpunkt in x-Richtung verschwenkt und weist im deaktivierten Zustand nach oben in x-Richtung. Hierdurch weist der Hubschlitten mit deaktiviertem Lastsicherungselement eine niedrigere Bauhöhe auf als im zuvor beschriebenen umgekehrten Fall.In an alternative embodiment, the holding element can be pivoted in the negative x direction. For example, the at least one mast projects beyond the guide rail in the negative x direction. To deactivate in this Embodiment moved the load securing device downwards in the opposite x direction on the at least one mast so that the support element is no longer in engagement with the guide rail. To deactivate, the holding element is pivoted about the pivot point in the x direction and, when deactivated, points upward in the x direction. As a result, the lifting slide with the deactivated load securing element has a lower overall height than in the opposite case described above.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Halteelement in im Wesentlichen vertikaler Stellung in positiver y-Richtung nicht über die maximale Ausdehnung des mindestens einen Mastes in positiver y-Richtung hinaus ausgedehnt. Dabei ist die positive y-Richtung die Richtung, in der das Lastaufnahmeelement zu Lastaufnahme ausgedehnt ist, d.h. mit anderen Worten die Vorausfahrtrichtung eines Flurförderfahrzeugs. Die im Wesentlichen vertikale Stellung des Halteelements entspricht dem deaktivierten Zustand der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung. Dadurch, dass das Haltelement im deaktivierten Zustand nicht über den mindestens einen Mast in Vorausfahrtrichtung des Flurförderfahrzeugs hinausragt, baut die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung in dieser Richtung besonders kompakt, so dass die nutzbare Tiefe des Lastaufnahmeelements zur Lastaufnahme nur minimal eingeschränkt wird. Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung so an einem Hubschlitten angebracht wird, dass auch der mindestens eine Mast nicht in positiver y-Richtung über den Hubschlitten hinausragt. In diesem Fall wird die nutzbare Tiefe des Lastaufnahmeelements zur Lastaufnahme nicht eingeschränkt.In a preferred embodiment, the holding element in an essentially vertical position in the positive y direction is not extended beyond the maximum extent of the at least one mast in the positive y direction. The positive y-direction is the direction in which the load-bearing element is extended to load-bearing, i.e. in other words, the direction of travel of an industrial truck. The essentially vertical position of the holding element corresponds to the deactivated state of the load securing device. Because the holding element in the deactivated state does not protrude beyond the at least one mast in the forward direction of the industrial truck, the load securing device is particularly compact in this direction, so that the usable depth of the load-bearing element for load-carrying is only minimally restricted. It is particularly advantageous if the load securing device is attached to a lifting carriage in such a way that the at least one mast does not protrude beyond the lifting carriage in the positive y direction. In this case, the usable depth of the load suspension element for load suspension is not restricted.
Es hat sich weiterhin als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung weiterhin ein Joch aufweist, wobei das Haltelement in Relation zu dem Joch in vertikaler Richtung schwenkbar ist. Das Joch bildet bei der Verwendung von zwei im Wesentlichen parallelen Masten die Verbindungsbrücke zu den vertikalen Halteelementführungen und erhöht die Stabilität der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung.It has also proven to be advantageous if the load securing device continues to have a yoke, the holding element being pivotable in the vertical direction in relation to the yoke. When two essentially parallel masts are used, the yoke forms the connecting bridge to the vertical holding element guides and increases the stability of the load securing device.
Weiterhin hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn das Joch und das Halteelement in x-Richtung beziehungsweise in entgegengesetzter x-Richtung vertikal gleichsinnig bewegbar sind, wobei ihr vertikaler Abstand konstant ist. Die Haltekraft, die von der Last gegen das Halteelement wirkt, liefert ein Biegemoment, das abgefangen werden muss. Da dieses Biegemoment aber auch über das Stützelement auf die Führungsschiene übertragen wird, muss das Joch selbst kein Biegemoment abfangen, sondern nur eine Reaktionskraft und kann somit leichter ausgeführt werden.Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the yoke and the holding element can be moved vertically in the same direction in the x direction or in the opposite x direction, their vertical distance being constant. The holding force exerted by the load against the holding element provides a bending moment that has to be absorbed. Since this bending moment but also on the support element on the Guide rail is transmitted, the yoke itself does not have to absorb a bending moment, but only a reaction force and can therefore be carried out more easily.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung weiterhin einen Kraftspeicher auf, wobei der Kraftspeicher gespannt ist, wenn sich das Halteelement in einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Lage befindet. Der Kraftspeicher übt dabei ein Drehmoment auf das Halteelement um die Drehachse in der Schwenkrichtung aus, die dem Deaktivieren der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung entspricht. Solange sich das Stützelement und damit die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung in dem Bereich befindet, in dem sich das Stützelement mit der Führungsschiene im Eingriff befindet, wirkt das sich auf der Führungsschiene abstützende Stützelement diesem Drehmoment entgegen. Wird aber die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung vertikal soweit in Richtung des Lastaufnahmeelements bewegt, dass sich das Stützelement außerhalb des Eingriffs mit der Führungsschiene befindet, wird das Stützelement nicht mehr von der Führungsschiene gestützt und das Halteelement verschwenkt durch das von dem Kraftspeicher aufgebrachte Drehmoment um seine Drehachse in vertikaler Richtung, so dass die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung deaktiviert ist. Dabei ist besonders vorteilhaft, dass das Verschwenken einzig durch die vertikale Bewegung der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung erfolgt, ohne dass es eines zusätzlichen Aktivators, wie beispielsweise eines zusätzlichen Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikzylinders bedarf. Hierdurch baut die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung besonders klein, was sich vorteilhaft auf den Querschnitt, durch den ein Bediener des Hubschlittens seinen Fahrweg und die aufzunehmende beziehungsweise zu transportierte Last beobachten kann sowie auf die mögliche vertikale Höhe der Last auswirkt. Zusätzlich ist das Gewicht des Hubschlittens weiter minimiert. Darüber hinaus entfällt die für einen Aktivator benötigte Ansteuerung und es müssen keine Medienschläuche, wie Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikschläuche, oder Elektrokabel verlegt werden. Diese Schläuche oder Kabel müssten den gesamten vertikalen Verstellbereich der Haltevorrichtung mitgeführt werden und würden Platz in Anspruch nehmen und die Herstellungskosten erhöhen.In an advantageous embodiment, the load securing device also has an energy store, the energy store being tensioned when the holding element is in an essentially horizontal position. The energy accumulator exerts a torque on the holding element about the axis of rotation in the pivoting direction, which corresponds to the deactivation of the load securing device. As long as the support element and thus the load securing device is located in the area in which the support element is in engagement with the guide rail, the support element supported on the guide rail counteracts this torque. However, if the load securing device is moved vertically in the direction of the load-bearing element such that the support element is out of engagement with the guide rail, the support element is no longer supported by the guide rail and the holding element is pivoted about its axis of rotation in the vertical direction by the torque applied by the energy accumulator so that the load securing device is deactivated. It is particularly advantageous that the pivoting takes place solely through the vertical movement of the load securing device, without the need for an additional activator, such as an additional hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. As a result, the load securing device is particularly small, which has an advantageous effect on the cross section through which an operator of the lifting carriage can observe its travel path and the load to be picked up or transported, and on the possible vertical height of the load. In addition, the weight of the lifting carriage is further minimized. In addition, there is no control required for an activator and no media hoses, such as hydraulic or pneumatic hoses, or electrical cables need to be laid. These hoses or cables would have to be carried along the entire vertical adjustment range of the holding device and would take up space and increase the manufacturing costs.
Der Kraftspeicher ist an einer Seite mit dem Joch und mit der anderen Seite mit dem verschwenkbaren Halteelement verbunden. Die bevorzugte Gasfeder kann sowohl horizontal als auch vertikal montiert werden.The energy accumulator is connected on one side to the yoke and on the other side to the pivotable holding element. The preferred gas spring can be mounted both horizontally and vertically.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist der Kraftspeicher eine Druckfeder. Beispielsweise kann der Kraftspeicher eine Gasdruckfeder sein. Alternativ kann der Kraftspeicher auch eine Zugfeder, beispielsweise eine Gaszugfeder sein. Gasdruck- und Gaszugfedern sind im Stand der Technik bekannt. Sie zeichnen sich durch eine im Vergleich zu ihrer Größe große Kraftentfaltung, geringes Gewicht und Wartungsfreiheit aus. Damit wird weiter der Querschnitt, durch den ein Bediener des Hubschlittens seinen Fahrweg und die aufzunehmende beziehungsweise zu transportierte Last beobachten kann und die mögliche vertikale Höhe der Last optimiert. Zusätzlich wird das Gewicht der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung weiter optimiert.In an advantageous embodiment, the energy accumulator is a compression spring. For example, the energy accumulator can be a gas pressure spring. Alternatively, the energy accumulator can also be a tension spring, for example a gas tension spring. Gas pressure and gas tension springs are known in the prior art. They are characterized by a large force development compared to their size, low weight and freedom from maintenance. The cross section through which an operator of the lifting carriage can observe his travel path and the load to be picked up or transported is further optimized and the possible vertical height of the load is optimized. In addition, the weight of the load securing device is further optimized.
Ein großer Vorteil dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist, dass, wenn beim Anheben des Lastschlittens das Halteelement an einem darüber liegenden Regalelement anstoßen würde, es gegen die Federkraft nach unten mitbewegen kann und somit die Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine Schadensentstehung an dem Halteelement und/oder dem Regal deutlich minimiert ist. Es hat sich weiterhin als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn das Stützelement ein Verschleißelement aufweist, mit dem sich das Stützelement an der Führungsschiene abstützt. Bei dem vertikalen Verschieben der Lastsicherungsvorrichtung reibt das Stützelement an der Führungsschiene. Durch das Verschleißelement wird dabei der Verschleiß auf dieses Element konzentriert, wobei sich das Verschleißelement leicht austauschen lässt. Damit wird der Wartungsaufwand für die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung minimiert. Das Verschleißelement kann beispielsweise als Rolle oder Rolllager ausgeführt sein. Alternativ ist auch das Vorsehen eines Gleitbalkens als Verschleißelement möglich.A great advantage of this preferred embodiment is that if the holding element were to strike a shelf element lying above it when the load carriage was lifted, it can move downwards against the spring force, thus significantly minimizing the likelihood of damage to the holding element and / or the shelf is. It has also proven to be advantageous if the support element has a wear element with which the support element is supported on the guide rail. When the load securing device is moved vertically, the support element rubs against the guide rail. The wear element concentrates the wear on this element, the wear element being easy to replace. This minimizes the maintenance effort for the load securing device. The wear element can be designed, for example, as a roller or roller bearing. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a sliding beam as a wear element.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist die Führungsschiene mit dem mindestens einen Mast wirkverbunden. Insbesondere kann der mindestens eine Mast auch selbst als Führungsschiene ausgeführt sein.In an advantageous embodiment, the guide rail is operatively connected to the at least one mast. In particular, the at least one mast itself can also be designed as a guide rail.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn der Hubschlitten eine Höhenverstellvorrichtung für die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung aufweist, mit deren Hilfe die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung entlang der Führungsschiene in vertikaler Richtung (x) verstellbar ist. Dabei ist die Höhenverstellvorrichtung in einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform in den mindestens einen Mast integriert. Durch die Integration der Höhenverstellvorrichtung in den mindestens einen Mast ist die Höhenverstellvorrichtung vor mechanischen Beschädigungen weitgehend geschützt und benötigt keinen zusätzlichen Bauraum. Beispielsweise kann die Höhenverstellvorrichtung eine Spindel, beispielsweise eine Kugelumlaufspindel, oder ein Hydraulikzylinder sein. Dabei stellt die Höhenverstellvorrichtung in dem Bereich kurz vor der Endstellung gleichzeitig das Betätigungsorgan dar, mit dem das Haltelement verschwenkt und damit die Lastsicherungsvorrichtung aktiviert beziehungsweise deaktiviert wird.It has proven to be advantageous if the lifting carriage has a height adjustment device for the load securing device, with the aid of which the load securing device can be adjusted in the vertical direction (x) along the guide rail. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the height adjustment device is integrated in the at least one mast. By integrating the height adjustment device into the at least one mast, the height adjustment device is largely protected against mechanical damage and does not require any additional space. For example, the height adjustment device can be a spindle, for example a ball screw, or a hydraulic cylinder. The height adjustment device in the area shortly before the end position simultaneously represents the actuating element with which the holding element is pivoted and thus the load securing device is activated or deactivated.
Die Höhenverstellvorrichtung weist mindestens ein Führungsprofil auf. Vorzugsweise weist die Höhenverstellung zwei Führungsprofile auf, welche hinter, das heißt in Richtung von einer aufgenommenen Last wegweisend, an dem Hubschlitten angebrachten Lastaufnahmeelementen oder seitlich davon angeordnet sind. Die mindestens eine Höhenverstellvorrichtung kann außerhalb des Führungsprofils angebracht sein oder aber in dem Führungsprofil integriert sein, wodurch sie vorteilhaft geschützt ist. Bei einer ausreichend langen Führung kann die Höhenverstellvorrichtung nur in einem Führungsprofil integriert sein, wobei in dem anderen Führungsprofil nur ein Profil geführt wird.The height adjustment device has at least one guide profile. The height adjustment preferably has two guide profiles which are arranged behind, that is to say pointing in the direction of a picked-up load, on the lifting carriage attached to the lifting carriage or to the side thereof. The at least one height adjustment device can be attached outside the guide profile or can be integrated in the guide profile, as a result of which it is advantageously protected. With a sufficiently long guide, the height adjustment device can only be integrated in one guide profile, only one profile being guided in the other guide profile.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist das Haltelement eine maximale Ausdehnung D von der Drehachse zu der der Drehachse entgegengesetzten Richtung auf, wobei die Länge HF der Führungsschiene mindestens der Ausdehnung D des Halteelements entspricht. Bei einer solchen Größenrelation lässt sich das Halteelement besonders einfach vollständig in eine im Wesentlichen vertikale Stellung einklappen, so dass es im deaktivierten Zustand keine über den mindestens einen Mast hinausgehende Ausdehnung in positiver y-Richtung aufweist und somit die maximal nutzbare Tiefe des Lastaufnahmeelements nicht einschränkt.In a further advantageous embodiment, the holding element has a maximum dimension D from the axis of rotation to the direction opposite to the axis of rotation, the length H F of the guide rail corresponding at least to the dimension D of the holding element. With such a size relation, the holding element can be completely completely folded into an essentially vertical position, so that in the deactivated state it has no extension in the positive y direction beyond the at least one mast and thus does not restrict the maximum usable depth of the load-bearing element.
Weitere Vorteile, Besonderheiten und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Darstellung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Abbildungen.Further advantages, special features and expedient developments of the invention result from the subclaims and the following illustration of preferred exemplary embodiments with the aid of the figures.
Von den Abbildungen zeigt:
-
Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Lastsicherungsvorrichtung an einem Hubschlitten in einer dreidimensionalen Darstellung von vorne mit aktiviertem Halteelement -
Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Lastsicherungsvorrichtung in einer dreidimensionalen Darstellung von hinten mit aktiviertem Halteelement -
Fig. 3 eine erfindungsgemäße Lastsicherungsvorrichtung mit aktiviertem Halteelement in einer Seitenansicht -
Fig. 4 eine erfindungsgemäße Lastsicherungsvorrichtung mit aktiviertem Halteelement in einer Ansicht von oben -
Fig. 5 eine erfindungsgemäße Lastsicherungsvorrichtung n einer dreidimensionalen Darstellung von vorne mit aktiviertem Halteelement -
Fig. 6 eine erfindungsgemäße Lastsicherungsvorrichtung in einer dreidimensionalen Darstellung von vorne mit deaktiviertem Halteelement -
Fig. 7 einen Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Lastsicherungsvorrichtung mit deaktiviertem Halteelement in einer Seitenschnittansicht
-
Fig. 1 a load securing device according to the invention on a lifting carriage in a three-dimensional view from the front with activated holding element -
Fig. 2 a section of a load securing device according to the invention in a three-dimensional view from behind with activated holding element -
Fig. 3 a load securing device according to the invention with activated holding element in a side view -
Fig. 4 a load securing device according to the invention with activated holding element in a view from above -
Fig. 5 a load securing device according to the invention in a three-dimensional representation from the front with activated holding element -
Fig. 6 a load securing device according to the invention in a three-dimensional view from the front with deactivated holding element -
Fig. 7 a section of a load securing device according to the invention with deactivated holding element in a side sectional view
- 100100
- LastsicherungsvorrichtungLoad securing device
- 110110
- HalteelementHolding element
- 111111
- Jochyoke
- 112112
- Drehachse, GelenkAxis of rotation, joint
- 113113
- HebelelementLever element
- 115115
- Höhenverstellvorrichtung, HydraulikkolbenHeight adjustment device, hydraulic piston
- 120120
- StützelementSupport element
- 121121
- VerschleißelementWear element
- 130130
- FührungsschieneGuide rail
- 131131
- Bereich der Kurvenbahn in der FührungsschieneArea of the cam track in the guide rail
- 140140
- KraftspeicherLift mechanism
- 150150
- HubschlittenLifting carriage
- 151151
- Mastmast
- 160160
- Lastaufnahmeelement, HubgabelLoad suspension element, lifting fork
- DD
- Ausdehnung des HalteelementsExpansion of the holding element
- HF H F
- Länge der FührungsschieneLength of the guide rail
- HM H M
- MastlängeMast length
Claims (15)
- Load securing device (100), wherein the load securing device (100) comprises at least one mast (151) and a retaining element (110), a support element (120) and a guide rail (130), the load securing device (100) is arranged so as to be vertically displaceable on the at least one mast (151), in the x-direction, the guide rail (130) extends substantially in parallel with the at least one mast (151), and the support element (120) is in engagement with the guide rail (130), wherein the support element (120) is supported by the guide rail (130), and wherein the retaining element (110) is arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot point (112), wherein the retaining element (110) can be activated by pivoting into a substantially horizontal position, wherein the pivoting of the retaining element (110) in the vertical direction (x) is prevented by the support element (120), characterised in that
the guide rail (130) comprises a curved track (131), bent by 90°, at the lower end thereof, and in that
the load securing device (100) further comprises a force accumulator (140), wherein the force accumulator (140) is tensioned when the retaining element (110) is in a substantially horizontal position, and exerts a torque on the retaining element (110), about the rotary axis (112), in the opposite direction to the region (131) of the curved track of the guide rail (130). - Load securing device (100) according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the retaining element (110) can be pivoted in the positive x-direction. - Load securing device (100) according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the retaining element (110) can be pivoted in the negative x-direction. - Load securing device (100) according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
in the substantially vertical position, in the positive y-direction, the retaining element (110) does not extend beyond the maximum extension of the at least one mast (151) in the positive y-direction. - Load securing device (100) according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the load securing device (100) further comprises a yoke (111), wherein the retaining element (110) can be pivoted about the pivot point (112), in the vertical direction (x), relative to the yoke (111). - Load securing device (100) according to claim 5,
characterised in that
the yoke (111) and the retaining element (110) are vertically movable in the same direction, in the x-direction or in the opposite y-direction, wherein the vertical spacing thereof is constant. - Load securing device (100) according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the force accumulator (140) is a compression spring. - Load securing device (100) according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the support element (120) comprises a wear element (121), by means of which the support element (120) is supported on the guide rail (130). - Load securing device (100) according to claim 8,
characterised in that
the wear element (121) is a roller. - Load securing device (100) according to claim 8,
characterised in that
the wear element (121) is a slider bar. - Load securing device (100) according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the guide rail (130) is operatively connected to the at least one mast (151). - Load securing device (100) according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the lifting carriage comprises a height-adjustment means (115) for the load securing device (100), by means of which the load securing device can be adjusted along the guide rail (130), in the vertical direction (x). - Load securing device (100) according to claim 12,
characterised in that
the height-adjustment means (115) is integrated in the at least one mast (151). - Load securing device (100) according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the retaining element (110) has a maximum extension D from the rotary axis (112) in the direction opposite the rotary axis, wherein the length HF of the guide rail (130) corresponds at least to the extension D of the retaining element (110). - Lifting carriage (150),
characterised in that
the lifting carriage (150) comprises a load securing device (100) according to any of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015201415.0A DE102015201415A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-01-28 | Overload protection device |
PCT/EP2016/051649 WO2016120303A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2016-01-27 | Load-securing device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3250498A1 EP3250498A1 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
EP3250498B1 true EP3250498B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
Family
ID=55229733
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16701548.6A Active EP3250498B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2016-01-27 | Load restraining device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10336595B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3250498B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN107207230A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015201415A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016120303A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10913475B2 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2021-02-09 | Rehrig Pacific Company | Modular pallet jack |
CN107381437B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2019-04-02 | 麻大伟 | Conveying device is used in a kind of transport of building materials |
CN108439279A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 泸州品创科技有限公司 | A kind of stabilization holding meanss of alcohol industry distiller's yeast pallet carrying |
CN112499527A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-16 | 合肥方源机电有限公司 | Fork truck fork with damper |
CN114671370B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-06-30 | 广西交科集团有限公司 | Detachable folding lifting transport cart for box girder |
CN117819154A (en) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-04-05 | 成都环龙智能机器人有限公司 | Automatic handling device of robot |
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US2772800A (en) * | 1954-01-07 | 1956-12-04 | Clark Equipment Co | Load stabilizer for lift trucks |
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GB714482A (en) | 1950-08-09 | 1954-09-01 | Amy Heuser | Improvements in industrial trucks for handling bales |
US2684165A (en) * | 1952-06-09 | 1954-07-20 | Blackwelder Mfg Co | Laterally shiftable fork lift for tractors |
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US4198188A (en) * | 1977-04-07 | 1980-04-15 | Perkins William V | Load elevator mechanism for unstable loads |
US4354795A (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1982-10-19 | Dutra Jr Joseph G | Load stabilizer assembly with pivotal mount for a forklift truck |
DE4022640A1 (en) | 1990-07-17 | 1992-01-23 | Kaup Gmbh & Co Kg | Fork lift truck front attachment - has front face of load position guide rails in single plane |
US5374155A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1994-12-20 | Van Baale; H. Kirk | Stowable load stabilizer for forklift mast |
JP3392297B2 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 2003-03-31 | 日本輸送機株式会社 | Mast-mounted road stabilizer |
DE29714803U1 (en) * | 1997-07-09 | 1997-10-16 | Hövermann, Wilhelm, 21394 Kirchgellersen | Attachment for mobile forklift trucks with double pallet clamps in the form of side-mounted load stabilizers |
FR2773551B1 (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2000-03-24 | Fleury Michon Logistique | PALLET STORE, HANDLING TROLLEY FOR PALLETS EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A STORE AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING PALLETS TO THE TROLLEY |
JP2000118984A (en) * | 1998-10-19 | 2000-04-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Load stabilizer for forklift truck |
DE10040249A1 (en) | 2000-08-14 | 2002-02-28 | Durwen Maschb Gmbh | Attachment for industrial trucks, especially forklift trucks |
DE102011002433A1 (en) | 2011-01-04 | 2012-07-05 | Griptech Gmbh | Device for receiving and transporting loads |
DE102012217996A1 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-03 | Griptech Gmbh | Lifting fork support for mounting on lift mast i.e. triple-lift mast, of fork-lift truck, has hydraulic cylinder comprising housing and rod, where housing is vertically moved with respect to stationary mast and connected with lifting slides |
CN202897957U (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-04-24 | 卓懋百 | Shovel head device of forklift truck |
-
2015
- 2015-01-28 DE DE102015201415.0A patent/DE102015201415A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-01-27 WO PCT/EP2016/051649 patent/WO2016120303A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-01-27 CN CN201680007539.7A patent/CN107207230A/en active Pending
- 2016-01-27 US US15/547,295 patent/US10336595B2/en active Active
- 2016-01-27 EP EP16701548.6A patent/EP3250498B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
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US2772800A (en) * | 1954-01-07 | 1956-12-04 | Clark Equipment Co | Load stabilizer for lift trucks |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2016120303A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
CN107207230A (en) | 2017-09-26 |
US10336595B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
US20180022590A1 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
EP3250498A1 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
DE102015201415A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
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