EP3231980B1 - Drilling head with a chisel holder and a method of assembling the same - Google Patents
Drilling head with a chisel holder and a method of assembling the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3231980B1 EP3231980B1 EP17450003.3A EP17450003A EP3231980B1 EP 3231980 B1 EP3231980 B1 EP 3231980B1 EP 17450003 A EP17450003 A EP 17450003A EP 3231980 B1 EP3231980 B1 EP 3231980B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drill head
- adapter
- shaft portion
- drill
- driver
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
- E21B10/38—Percussion drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drill head with a drill head body in which a plurality of drill pins and / or drill rails is fixed in corresponding receiving openings, a drill head shaft, which is designed for connection to a selected from a further shaft part or an adapter element, at least one Recess for the removal of cuttings and optionally at least one opening for dispensing flushing fluid and a method for assembling a drill head consisting of a drill head body, in which a plurality of drill pins and / or drill rails is defined in corresponding receiving openings, a drill head shaft, which for connection to a from a further shaft part or an adapter selected element is adapted, which has at least one recess for the removal of cuttings and optionally at least one opening for dispensing flushing fluid.
- a drilling device with a drill head, on which a plurality of drill bits or drill pins or drill rails are attached, connected either by means of an adapter or directly to a drill pipe, which the drill head by means of a striking or rotating movement in the soil or rock material brings.
- the drill head In order to be able to safely remove drill cuttings occurring during this introduction or the release work, the drill head is usually surrounded by an envelope or jacket tube, and this jacket or jacket tube is either hammered or drawn into the borehole.
- the drill head or the adapter connected to the drill head via impact surfaces, impact shoulders or other driver with the casing or casing tube engaged to bring this into the interior of the borehole.
- WO 2005/033467 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for drilling holes in soil or rock material, wherein a drill bit supported on a drill string is used to create a wellbore, and a cladding tube is inserted into the wellbore to be drilled simultaneously with the drill bit.
- the impact energy introduced by a drill string is partially applied by the drill string on the drill bit and partially on a transferred to the jacking or cladding tube cooperating with the drill string.
- both the adapter of the drill head or the drill bit is separable, as well as the drill pipe from the adapter separable and finally a detachable from the adapter impact ring is provided which interacts with a corresponding impact shoe or impact element of a cladding tube, to bring the cladding tube into the interior of a borehole.
- the invention now aims to provide a drill head with a drill head body, with which it succeeds in a drilling and / or rotary impact drilling simultaneously with the formation of the borehole a cladding tube in the interior of the borehole in which a risk of unintentional disconnection of the drill head from the shaft or the adapter used for insertion is kept behind.
- the present invention aims to provide a method for assembling a drill head with a drill head body, with which it is possible to provide a drill head and drill head body, which ensures a safe and reliable introduction of a cladding tube into a borehole simultaneously with the Formation of the borehole ensured.
- the device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the drill head shaft is formed as provided with a first connecting element for connection to the further shaft part stub shaft, that directed to the drill head end portion of the substantially tubular further shaft portion or the adapter with a cooperating with the first connecting element of the Bohrkopfschafts second connecting element is formed, that an end face of the further shaft portion or the adapter facing the well head is formed with at least one substantially annular abutment part and that one to the substantially annular abutment part engageable, the other Shank part or the adapter surrounding driver is provided.
- the drill head shaft is formed so that a shaft portion is formed with a first connecting element as a stub shaft, it is ensured that the shaft length can be kept relatively short overall, which not only saves material, but in particular any risk of deviating Drill head from the desired direction by curving, buckling or the like.
- Stub shaft is held back, so that clean and straight holes can be formed.
- the shaft parts to be joined could also be formed from mutually different materials, so that, for example, expensive materials for drill head body including stub shaft are used and the remaining components are made of less expensive materials, whereby not significant cost advantages, especially in lost drill bits are achieved.
- the driver according to the invention is also referred to as a "striking star". This designation is primarily intended to characterize the shape of the driver, which is essentially star-shaped.
- the star-shaped configuration may in this case be chosen such that between four and six extensions or corresponding recesses are provided.
- the drill head body is also referred to by experts as a crown body and also the drill head as such may be referred to as a drill bit. Regardless of the choice of designation, a drill head body or drill bit body is understood to mean that part of the drill head or drill bit in which the release tools are inserted.
- connecting elements are selected for connecting the stub shaft with another shaft part of cooperating threaded parts, connector parts such as bayonet connection elements or clamp connection elements, it is possible to provide a releasable connection in a first step, which, if necessary, be solved again at any time can, for example, be such a release then be necessary if it turns out that the driver is incorrectly dimensioned, the wrong drill bit was selected and another drill bit with other drilling pins or drill bars must be used or even the second shaft part not according to Borehole environment was selected.
- the connecting elements are selected for connecting the stub shaft with another shaft part of cooperating threaded parts, connector parts such as bayonet connection elements or clamp connection elements
- a releasable connection is provided, which, however, is sufficiently stable that it must not be feared even in rough drilling operation that an unintentional loosening or rising the same happens, even if, for example, in the production of short holes on a soldering of the connecting parts is omitted.
- the procedure is such that, in addition, an indissoluble fixing of the first and second connecting elements to one another with a solder is provided.
- a non-releasable fixing of the first and second connecting elements to each other by means of solder it is ensured that unintentional loosening of the two connecting elements and thus the drill head with the stub shank of the other shaft part, even when drilling in hard rock with certainty is stopped.
- the provision of the solder joint further exchange or further adaptation and adaptation of the drill head to expected conditions is no longer possible.
- Drilling heads with their shank parts are relatively expensive due to the fact that they are usually made of hard metal or high-quality steel. Usually, however, in order to meet the requirements for mining rock material from the interior of a wellbore, it is sufficient to manufacture only the area of its head or area in which drilling pins or drill rails are inserted from suitably highly tempered materials. For facing away from a drill hole parts of the drill head therefore usually provides the provision of normal steel grades. In order to be able to take better account of such requirements, according to a further development, the drill head is designed so that the stub shank is formed integrally with the drill head body and that the stub shank is formed from a different material from the further shank part or adapter to be connected therewith.
- the boring head is designed such that the driver is movably, in particular rotatably arranged on the further shaft part or the adapter.
- the movable or rotatable arrangement of the driver ensures that the cladding tube, which is drawn by the rotatably mounted driver into a borehole, is introduced straight into the borehole without any twist, while the boring head carries out, for example, a rotary boring performs.
- the rotatable arrangement of the driver remains when the drill head is rotated, the driver at rest and thus it can be a cladding tube and it can thus be retracted without any twisting and twisting.
- the drill head is formed so that the driver has at its outer periphery a plurality of recesses.
- the plurality of recesses on the outer periphery of the driver cuttings can be introduced into the interior of the cladding tube and transported safely and reliably to the exterior of the wellbore.
- the drill head is designed so that a directed to the drill head body outer peripheral portion of the driver contoured, in particular curved, it is possible to take the jacket tube safely without slipping or accidental slipping of the driver is to be feared by the cladding.
- the driver has a region of smaller diameter and a region of larger diameter, and the region of larger diameter engages with a region of smaller diameter of the cladding, so that this is safely and reliably entrained:
- the Drilling head formed so that the contouring of the outer periphery of the driver is designed as an engaging and / or holding element for a possibly cooperating with the drill head beginner tube or cladding tube.
- the further shaft portion or the adapter is provided at its side facing away from the drill head body end portion with an internal thread, this can be connected to either another adapter or a drill rod by simply screwing, making a particularly simple and Reliable assembly of a complete system succeeds.
- the further shaft part or adapter is formed with two substantially parallel stop members, a particularly uniform introduction of the drill head is ensured in the interior of the borehole.
- the stop members are designed as substantially normal to a rotation axis through the drill head body, the further shaft part or the adapter directed substantially annular abutment surfaces, the largest possible stop surfaces are provided and in particular a uniform application of the entire Adapters ensured, whereby the service life of the entire system is extended.
- the invention therefore further relates to a method of assembling a boring head according to the invention in order to provide a boring head which, on the one hand, safely and reliably withstands the movements during boring and, on the other hand, at the same time continuously a duct into the interior of a borehole can move in.
- the inventive method is essentially characterized in that arranged on a substantially tubular-shaped further shaft part or adapter, the further shaft part or the adapter surrounding driver, in particular rotatably arranged that the other Shaft part or the adapter by means provided thereon first and second fasteners in or on one provided on the formed as a stub shaft drill head shank fastener is releasably determined that after detachably fixing the other shaft part or the adapter to the stub shank of Bohrkopf stressess, by welding, soldering or Riveting the other shaft part or the adapter with the stub shank of Bohrkopf emotionss a permanent connection is formed and that the insoluble compound is optionally subjected to a temperature treatment.
- the method according to the invention is further developed such that, after brazing, a heat treatment, in particular annealing, is carried out.
- a heat treatment in particular tempering, after soldering, it is ensured that the solder joints are not subject to any stresses and can withstand the massive stresses of forming a hole in soil and rock material with certainty.
- a process management form a drill bit, in which the individual components made of different steel grades are, as built by a temperature treatment internal stresses and cracking or breaking of the connection is prevented.
- the existing residual heat can be used during annealing or after annealing to form structural changes in the steel grades.
- the breaking strength of the material is increased by up to 20%, thereby further increasing the stability of the drill head.
- the use of different steel grades can be made specifically.
- expensive materials can be used for only the drill head body and for the shaft parts or in particular the further shaft part cheaper materials or softer steel grades can be used without the risk of premature wear or breakage of the drill head is to be feared.
- the process is performed so that the temperature and / or duration of the annealing are chosen such that in the other shaft part or the adapter during annealing, a structural change is effected and that the driver and Bohrkopf stresses of a If different materials are formed by the further shaft part or the adapter, in particular a saving in the materials used for the drilling head can be achieved.
- annealing the formation of a structural change is achieved, so that even clearly different materials, in particular materials with different expansion coefficients can be safely and reliably connected.
- Fig. 1 1 designates a drill head which is articulated from a drill head body 2, on which a part of a drill head shaft 3 designed as a stump shank is articulated, and also a further shank part 4, which can also serve as an adapter, consists, wherein the shaft part 4 with the drill head shaft 3 in the in Fig. 1 shown training is shown in the connected state.
- a driver or striking star 5 Surrounding the shank parts or the drill head shank 3, 4 is provided a driver or striking star 5, which driver 5 is formed during the formation of a borehole for drawing in a sheath tube 6 into the borehole.
- the drill head body 2 in this case a plurality of drill pins 7 are provided in corresponding receiving openings, which drill pins 7 may be formed differently in both the shape and in number and their arrangement in the drill head body 2. Furthermore, the drill head body 2 has an opening 8 for discharging flushing fluid, which opening 8 communicates with a corresponding recess or conduit 9 in the interior of both the drill head shaft 3 and the further shaft part or adapter 4 in order to reliably supply the flushing fluid the opening 8 in the drill head body 2 to be able to perform.
- the opening 8 is formed as a backwash.
- the lower free end of the further shaft portion or adapter 4 is designed to be connected to, for example, a boring bar, which in Fig. 1 not shown to connect.
- the further shaft part 4 as well as the drill head shaft 3 are in the in Fig. 1 shown training screwed together, wherein in the region of the screw additionally soldering may be appropriate to connect the two parts inseparable.
- the parts 3 and 4 can also be connected by means of plug connection, bayonet connection or thread.
- the driver 5 is in the in Fig. 1 Training shown formed as an annular element which can rotate freely around the drill head shaft 3, 4.
- the driver 5 is designed such that it has a plurality of recesses 9 distributed around its outer circumference 10, which in particular Fig. 3 are shown more clearly.
- the driver is designed so that an outer peripheral region 10 of the driver directed towards the drill head body is contoured, in particular curved.
- a kind of tooth 11 is formed, which engages in a corresponding shoulder 12 of the cladding tube 6 and pulls through this engagement in a propulsion in the direction of the arrow 13, the cladding tube 6 in the interior of a borehole.
- This tooth 11 is thus formed as engaging and / or holding element 11 for cooperating with the drill head 1 sheath 6.
- the further shaft part 4 or the adapter is formed essentially with two stop parts 14 and 15 arranged parallel to one another.
- the stop member 15 the possibility that in the further shaft part or the adapter 4, for example, a further adapter is used in the In which case, the abutment surface 15 interacts with a complementary abutment surface of the other adapter to allow a safe power transmission.
- FIG. 2 In the presentation according to Fig. 2 are the reference numerals of Fig. 1 retain, with in Fig. 2 In addition, passages 16 in the contoured drill head body 2 can be seen, through which passages 16 drill cuttings can be discharged into the interior of the cladding tube 6.
- Fig. 3 In the presentation of Fig. 3 is the cladding omitted and also in the representation of Fig. 3 the drill head shaft or stub shaft 3 and the adapter or the further shaft part 4 are shown in the screwed state.
- the exact construction of the driver 5 is clearly visible, in particular, the engagement and holding member 11 is clearly visible, which is engageable in a shoulder 12 of the cladding tube 6 into engagement and pull the cladding tube 6 in the interior of the borehole 1 can.
- a part of the drill head 1 is shown, namely the driver 5 and the further shaft part or adapter 4.
- the driver 5 is shown in the illustration Fig. 4 analogous to those of Fig. 1 to 3 trained, so that a closer approach to the same does not seem necessary.
- the further shaft part or the adapter 4 is in Fig. 4 shown separately from the stub shaft 3 and it can be seen that the end portion, which should look to the shaft part 3, is formed with a thread 17.
- the thread 17 is in this case connected to a complementary thread in the shaft part 3 and optionally subsequently soldered to provide a permanent bond.
- Fig. 5 is a plan view partially shown in the perspective of the driver or striking star 5.
- the driver 5 in this case has an annular passage 18 through which the drill head shaft 3 and the further shaft part of the drill head 1 pass and around which shaft of the driver 5 is rotatably arranged.
- recesses 9 or extensions 19 are formed on the circumference of the driver, distributed at regular intervals.
- the extensions have a curved outer peripheral region 10, on which, as in connection with Fig. 1 has already been described, a kind of tooth 11 is formed. This number 11 is directed to the drill head 1 and cuts in operation in a corresponding shoulder of the cladding tube 6 a.
- Deviating from the representations of Fig. 1 to 3 is also the opposite of the drill head 1 end portion of the adapter 4 formed differently, in particular, it has an education with front teeth, which mesh with a corresponding complementary design of another adapter or a drill rod to unintentional rotation of the drill rod or another adapter , which are both not shown here, with respect to the other shaft part 4 with security hinanzuhalten.
- a plug connection for connection to the shank part 3 of the drill head body 2
- a bayonet connection or any other detachable connection can be provided, which can subsequently be made into a non-detachable connection by soldering is not mandatory.
- Another embodiment of the annular driver, which is freely rotatable on the shaft of the drill head is conceivable, so the number of extending in the radial direction extensions 10 may vary and it can be provided in particular between 4 and 6 of these extensions. It is important that between the extensions 10 passage openings 9 are provided to carry cuttings can.
- the drill head body 2 can be of any desired design, wherein any shape of known drill head or drill head body can be used as long as this drill head or drill head body has a shank 3, in particular stub shank, which can be connected to a further shank part 4.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Bohrkopf mit einem Bohrkopfkörper, in welchem in entsprechenden Aufnahmeöffnungen eine Mehrzahl von Bohrstiften und/oder Bohrleisten festgelegt ist, einem Bohrkopfschaft, welcher zur Verbindung mit einem aus einem weiteren Schaftteil oder einem Adapter gewählten Element ausgebildet ist, wenigstens einer Ausnehmung zum Abtransport von Bohrklein sowie gegebenenfalls wenigstens einer Öffnung zum Ausbringen von Spülfluid sowie ein Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen eines Bohrkopfs bestehend aus einem Bohrkopfkörper, in welchem in entsprechenden Aufnahmeöffnungen eine Mehrzahl von Bohrstiften und/oder Bohrleisten festgelegt ist, einem Bohrkopfschaft, welcher zur Verbindung mit einem aus einem weiteren Schaftteil oder einem Adapter gewählten Element adaptiert ist, der wenigstens eine Ausnehmung zum Abtransport von Bohrklein sowie gegebenenfalls wenigstens eine Öffnung zum Ausbringen von Spülfluid aufweist.The present invention relates to a drill head with a drill head body in which a plurality of drill pins and / or drill rails is fixed in corresponding receiving openings, a drill head shaft, which is designed for connection to a selected from a further shaft part or an adapter element, at least one Recess for the removal of cuttings and optionally at least one opening for dispensing flushing fluid and a method for assembling a drill head consisting of a drill head body, in which a plurality of drill pins and / or drill rails is defined in corresponding receiving openings, a drill head shaft, which for connection to a from a further shaft part or an adapter selected element is adapted, which has at least one recess for the removal of cuttings and optionally at least one opening for dispensing flushing fluid.
Bei herkömmlichen Einrichtungen zum Bohren von Löchern in Boden- oder Gesteinsmaterial wird üblicherweise eine Bohreinrichtung mit einem Bohrkopf, auf welchem eine Mehrzahl von Bohrmeisseln bzw. -schneiden oder Bohrstiften oder auch Bohrleisten angebracht sind, entweder mittels eines Adapters oder direkt mit einem Bohrgestänge verbunden, welches den Bohrkopf mittels einer schlagenden oder drehenden Bewegung in das Boden- oder Gesteinsmaterial einbringt. Um bei diesem Einbringen bzw. der Lösearbeit anfallendes Bohrklein sicher entfernen zu können, wird üblicherweise der Bohrkopf von einem Hüll- oder Mantelrohr umgeben und dieses Hüll- oder Mantelrohr wird entweder in das Bohrloch eingeschlagen oder eingezogen. Bei der Variante, bei welcher das Hüll- oder Mantelrohr in das Bohrloch eingezogen wird, ist, wie dies dem Stand der Technik entspricht, der Bohrkopf bzw. der mit dem Bohrkopf verbundene Adapter über Schlagflächen, Schlagschultern oder sonstige Mitnehmer mit dem Hüll- oder Mantelrohr in Eingriff, um dieses in das Innere des Bohrlochs einzubringen.In conventional devices for drilling holes in soil or rock material usually a drilling device with a drill head, on which a plurality of drill bits or drill pins or drill rails are attached, connected either by means of an adapter or directly to a drill pipe, which the drill head by means of a striking or rotating movement in the soil or rock material brings. In order to be able to safely remove drill cuttings occurring during this introduction or the release work, the drill head is usually surrounded by an envelope or jacket tube, and this jacket or jacket tube is either hammered or drawn into the borehole. In the variant in which the casing or casing tube is drawn into the borehole, as in the prior art, the drill head or the adapter connected to the drill head via impact surfaces, impact shoulders or other driver with the casing or casing tube engaged to bring this into the interior of the borehole.
So ist der
Gemäß der
Bei derartigen bekannten Lösungen ist sowohl der Adapter von dem Bohrkopf bzw. der Bohrkrone trennbar ausgebildet, als auch das Bohrgestänge von dem Adapter trennbar und schließlich ist auch ein von dem Adapter lösbarer Schlagring vorgesehen, welcher mit einem entsprechenden Schlagschuh bzw. Schlagelement eines Hüllrohrs wechselwirkt, um das Hüllrohr in das Innere eines Bohrlochs einzubringen. Durch die großen Kräfte, welche für ein Ausbilden des Bohrlochs aufgewandt werden müssen, besteht somit die Gefahr, dass derartige lösbar verbundene Elemente sich während des Betriebs unbeabsichtigt voneinander lösen, dass beispielsweise der Adapter von der Bohrkrone getrennt wird, worauf ein Weiterbohren bzw. weiterer Vortrieb des Bohrkopfs in das Innere des Bohrlochs nicht mehr möglich ist, da die für ein erfolgreiches Bohren erforderliche Zentrierung von Bohrkrone, Adapter und Bohrgestänge nicht, mehr gewährleistet werden kann. In einem derartigen Fall muss das Bohrloch aufgegeben werden und zumindest das Bohrgestänge sowie, falls möglich, Teile des Hüllrohrs aus dem Bohrloch rückgewonnen werden, um den Schaden zu minimieren. Für ein erfolgreiches Weiterbohren ist es in so einem Fall erforderlich, eine neue Einheit aus Bohrkopf, Adapter, Bohrgestänge und Hüllrohr zusammenzubauen, um ein neues Bohrloch zu beginnen, woraus nicht nur ein materieller Schaden resultiert, sondern aufgrund der aufgegebenen Bohrlöcher auch eine Schwächung des Gesteins bewirkt wird, und schließlich ein nicht unbeträchtlicher Zeitaufwand für das Erstellen der erforderlichen Bohrlöcher erforderlich ist, da jedes aufgegebene Bohrloch selbstverständlich neben dem materiellen Schaden der verwendeten Einrichtungen auch mit einem nicht unbeträchtlichen Zeitaufwand verbunden ist.In such known solutions, both the adapter of the drill head or the drill bit is separable, as well as the drill pipe from the adapter separable and finally a detachable from the adapter impact ring is provided which interacts with a corresponding impact shoe or impact element of a cladding tube, to bring the cladding tube into the interior of a borehole. Due to the large forces that must be expended for forming the borehole, there is thus the danger that such releasably connected elements inadvertently separate from each other during operation, for example, the adapter is separated from the drill bit, whereupon a further drilling or further propulsion of the drill head in the interior of the borehole is no longer possible, since the required for a successful drilling centering drill bit, adapter and drill pipe can not be guaranteed more. In such a case, the wellbore must be abandoned and at least the drill string and, if possible, portions of the cladding tube retrieved from the well to minimize the damage. In order to successfully continue drilling, it is necessary in such a case to assemble a new unit of drill head, adapter, drill pipe and cladding to start a new well, resulting in not only material damage but also weakening of the rock due to the abandoned wells Finally, a not inconsiderable amount of time is required for the preparation of the required holes, since each abandoned hole is of course in addition to the material damage to the equipment used also associated with a considerable amount of time.
Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, einen Bohrkopf mit einem Bohrkopfkörper zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit welchem es gelingt, bei einem Bohren und/oder Drehschlagbohren gleichzeitig mit der Ausbildung des Bohrlochs ein Hüllrohr in das Innere des Bohrlochs einzubringen, bei welchem eine Gefahr eines unbeabsichtigten Trennens des Bohrkopfs von dem Schaft bzw. dem für das Einbringen verwendeten Adapters hintangehalten ist.The invention now aims to provide a drill head with a drill head body, with which it succeeds in a drilling and / or rotary impact drilling simultaneously with the formation of the borehole a cladding tube in the interior of the borehole in which a risk of unintentional disconnection of the drill head from the shaft or the adapter used for insertion is kept behind.
Weiterhin zielt die vorliegende Erfindung darauf ab, ein Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen eines Bohrkopfs mit einem Bohrkopfkörper zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit welchem es gelingt, einen Bohrkopf und Bohrkopfkörper zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher ein sicheres und zuverlässiges Einbringen eines Hüllrohrs in ein Bohrloch gleichzeitig mit der Ausbildung des Bohrlochs gewährleistet.Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a method for assembling a drill head with a drill head body, with which it is possible to provide a drill head and drill head body, which ensures a safe and reliable introduction of a cladding tube into a borehole simultaneously with the Formation of the borehole ensured.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung im Wesentlichen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bohrkopfschaft als mit einem ersten Verbindungselement zur Verbindung mit dem weiteren Schaftteil versehener Stummelschaft ausgebildet ist, dass ein zu dem Bohrkopf gerichteter Endbereich des im Wesentlichen rohrförmig ausgebildeten weiteren Schaftteils oder des Adapters mit einem mit dem ersten Verbindungselement des Bohrkopfschafts zusammenwirkenden zweiten Verbindungselement ausgebildet ist, dass ein zu dem Bohrkopf gewandter Endbereich des weiteren Schaftteils oder des Adapters mit wenigstens einem im Wesentlichen ringförmigen Anschlagteil ausgebildet ist und dass ein an das im Wesentlichen ringförmige Anschlagteil in Anlage bringbarer, das weitere Schaftteil oder den Adapter umgebender Mitnehmer vorgesehen ist. Durch die Ausbildung des Bohrkopfschafts in zweiteiliger Form mit zwei Verbindungelementen, welche im zusammengebauten Zustand des Bohrkopfs mit dem Bohrkopfkörper unlösbar miteinander verbunden sind und das Anordnen eines Mitnehmers, um die beiden zu verbindenden Schaftteile gelingt es, einen Bohrkopf auszubilden, welcher einen Mitnehmer für ein einzubringendes Hüllrohr untrennbar von dem Bohrkopf auf dem Schaft desselben angeordnet aufweist. Indem weiterhin wenigstens das von dem Bohrkopf abgewandte Schaftteil mit einem im Wesentlichen ringförmigen Anschlagteil ausgebildet ist, gelingt es mit einer derartigen Ausbildung nicht nur, gleichzeitig mit der Ausbildung eines Bohrlochs ein Hüllrohr in dasselbe einzubringen, sondern insbesondere ausreichend Schlag- bzw. Drehschlagenergie sowohl auf den Bohrkopfkörper als auch auf den Mitnehmer aufzubringen, so dass auf diese Weise der Bohrkopf samt Mitnehmer und daran festlegbarem Hüllrohr sicher und zuverlässig in das Innere eines auszubildenden Lochs eingebracht wird. Indem weiterhin der Bohrkopfschaft so ausgebildet ist, dass ein Schaftteil mit einem ersten Verbindungselement als Stummelschaft ausgebildet ist, wird sichergestellt, dass die Schaftlänge insgesamt relativ kurz gehalten werden kann, wodurch nicht nur eine Materialeinsparung gelingt, sondern insbesondere jegliche Gefahr eines Abweichens des Bohrkopfs aus der gewünschten Richtung durch Krümmen, Knicken oder dgl. des Stummelschafts hintangehalten ist, so dass saubere und gerade Bohrlöcher ausgebildet werden können. Weiterhin könnten auch die zu verbindenden Schaftteile aus voneinander verschiedenen Materialien gebildet sein, so dass z.B. teure Materialien für Bohrkopfkörper samt Stummelschaft eingesetzt werden und die restlichen Bauteile aus weniger teuren Materialien gefertigt sind, wodurch nicht wesentlichen Kostenvorteile, insbesondere bei verlorenen Bohrkronen erreicht werden.To solve this problem, the device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the drill head shaft is formed as provided with a first connecting element for connection to the further shaft part stub shaft, that directed to the drill head end portion of the substantially tubular further shaft portion or the adapter with a cooperating with the first connecting element of the Bohrkopfschafts second connecting element is formed, that an end face of the further shaft portion or the adapter facing the well head is formed with at least one substantially annular abutment part and that one to the substantially annular abutment part engageable, the other Shank part or the adapter surrounding driver is provided. By forming the Bohrkopfschafts in two-part form with two connecting elements, which are inextricably linked to each other in the assembled state of the drill head with the Bohrkopfkörper and arranging a driver to the two connected shaft parts succeeds in forming a drill head, which a driver for a einzubringendes Cladding tube has inseparably arranged by the drill head on the shaft thereof. Furthermore, by at least the shank part facing away from the drill head having a substantially annular abutment part, with such a design it is not only possible to introduce a cladding tube into it simultaneously with the formation of a borehole, but in particular sufficient impact or rotational impact energy on both Bohrkopfkörper as well as to apply the driver, so that in this way the drill head together with the driver and it can be fixed securely inserted into the inside of a hole to be formed. Further, by the drill head shaft is formed so that a shaft portion is formed with a first connecting element as a stub shaft, it is ensured that the shaft length can be kept relatively short overall, which not only saves material, but in particular any risk of deviating Drill head from the desired direction by curving, buckling or the like. Stub shaft is held back, so that clean and straight holes can be formed. Furthermore, the shaft parts to be joined could also be formed from mutually different materials, so that, for example, expensive materials for drill head body including stub shaft are used and the remaining components are made of less expensive materials, whereby not significant cost advantages, especially in lost drill bits are achieved.
Der Mitnehmer gemäß der Erfindung wird auch als "Schlagstern" bezeichnet. Diese Bezeichnung soll vor allem die Form des Mitnehmers charakterisieren, welche im Wesentlichen sternförmig ausgebildet ist. Die sternförmige Ausbildung kann hierbei so gewählt sein, dass zwischen vier und sechs Fortsätze bzw. entsprechende Ausnehmungen vorgesehen sind.The driver according to the invention is also referred to as a "striking star". This designation is primarily intended to characterize the shape of the driver, which is essentially star-shaped. The star-shaped configuration may in this case be chosen such that between four and six extensions or corresponding recesses are provided.
Der Bohrkopfkörper wird von Fachleuten auch als Kronenkörper bezeichnet und auch der Bohrkopf als solcher kann als Bohrkrone bezeichnet werden. Unabhängig von der Wahl der Bezeichnung wird unter einem Bohrkopfkörper bzw. Bohrkronenkörper jener Teil des Bohrkopfs bzw. der Bohrkrone verstanden, in welchem die Lösewerkzeuge eingesetzt sind.The drill head body is also referred to by experts as a crown body and also the drill head as such may be referred to as a drill bit. Regardless of the choice of designation, a drill head body or drill bit body is understood to mean that part of the drill head or drill bit in which the release tools are inserted.
Indem die Verbindungselemente zum Verbinden des Stummelschafts mit einem weiteren Schaftteil aus zusammenwirkenden Gewindeteilen, Steckverbindungsteilen, wie Bajonettverbindungselementen oder Klemmverbindungselementen gewählt sind, gelingt es in einem ersten Schritt, eine lösbare Verbindung zur Verfügung zu stellen, welche, sofern dies erforderlich ist, jederzeit wieder gelöst werden kann, beispielsweise wird ein derartiges Lösen dann von Nöten sein, wenn sich herausstellt, dass der Mitnehmer falsch dimensioniert ist, die falsche Bohrkrone gewählt wurde und eine andere Bohrkrone mit anderen Bohrstiften bzw. Bohrleisten eingesetzt werden muss oder aber auch das zweite Schaftteil nicht entsprechend der Bohrlochumgebung ausgewählt wurde. Mit einer derartigen Ausbildung gelingt es somit, vor der endgültigen Verbindung, insbesondere vor der unlösbaren Verbindung zweier Schaftteile miteinander, Einzelkomponenten leicht und zuverlässig auszutauschen, um den Bohrkopf jeweils an den gewünschten Gegebenheiten anpassen zu können. Weiterhin wird eine lösbare Verbindung zur Verfügung gestellt, welche jedoch ausreichend stabil ist, dass es auch im rauen Bohrbetrieb nicht befürchtet werden muss, dass ein unbeabsichtigtes Lockern bzw. Aufgehen derselben geschieht, selbst wenn beispielsweise bei der Herstellung kurzer Bohrlöcher auf ein Verlöten der Verbindungsteile verzichtet wird.By the connecting elements are selected for connecting the stub shaft with another shaft part of cooperating threaded parts, connector parts such as bayonet connection elements or clamp connection elements, it is possible to provide a releasable connection in a first step, which, if necessary, be solved again at any time can, for example, be such a release then be necessary if it turns out that the driver is incorrectly dimensioned, the wrong drill bit was selected and another drill bit with other drilling pins or drill bars must be used or even the second shaft part not according to Borehole environment was selected. With such a design, it is thus possible, before the final connection, in particular before the permanent connection of two shank parts with each other, easily and reliably replace individual components in order to adapt the drill head to the desired conditions. Furthermore, a releasable connection is provided, which, however, is sufficiently stable that it must not be feared even in rough drilling operation that an unintentional loosening or rising the same happens, even if, for example, in the production of short holes on a soldering of the connecting parts is omitted.
Um eine weitere Sicherheit für ein unbeabsichtigtes Lösen der beiden Verbindungselemente voneinander zur Verfügung zu stellen, wird gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung so vorgegangen, dass zusätzlich eine unlösbare Festlegung der ersten und zweiten Verbindungselemente aneinander mit einem Lot vorgesehen ist. Indem zusätzlich eine unlösbare Festlegung der ersten und zweiten Verbindungselemente aneinander mittels Lot vorgesehen ist, wird sichergestellt, dass ein unbeabsichtigtes Lösen der beiden Verbindungselemente und somit des Bohrkopfs mit dem Stummelschaft von dem weiteren Schaftteil auch beim Bohren in hartem Gestein mit Sicherheit hintangehalten ist. Andererseits wird jedoch nach dem Vorsehen der Lötverbindung ein weiterer Austausch bzw. eine weitere Adaptierung und Anpassung des Bohrkopfs an zu erwartende Gegebenheiten nicht mehr möglich. Es ist daher im Betrieb sinnvoll so vorzugehen, dass einerseits die miteinander zu verbindenden Elemente entsprechend den Anforderungen ausgewählt und in einem ersten Schritt lösbar verbunden werden, indem beispielsweise eine Schraubverbindung, Bajonettverbindung oder dgl. vorgesehen wird und in einem zweiten Schritt die im ersten Schritt erzielte lösbare Verbindung durch Einbringen von Lot zu einer unlösbaren Verbindung gemacht wird, wenn Tests gezeigt haben, dass die Wahl der Einzelteile den vorliegenden Gegebenheiten entspricht.In order to provide a further security for an unintentional release of the two connecting elements from one another, according to a development of the invention, the procedure is such that, in addition, an indissoluble fixing of the first and second connecting elements to one another with a solder is provided. In addition, by a non-releasable fixing of the first and second connecting elements to each other by means of solder, it is ensured that unintentional loosening of the two connecting elements and thus the drill head with the stub shank of the other shaft part, even when drilling in hard rock with certainty is stopped. On the other hand, however, after the provision of the solder joint further exchange or further adaptation and adaptation of the drill head to expected conditions is no longer possible. It is therefore useful in operation to proceed so that on the one hand the elements to be joined are selected according to the requirements and releasably connected in a first step by, for example, a screw, bayonet or the like. Provided and achieved in a second step in the first step detachable connection is made by introducing solder into a permanent connection, if tests have shown that the choice of the individual parts corresponds to the existing conditions.
Bohrköpfe mit ihren Schaftteilen sind aufgrund der Tatsache, dass sie meist aus Hartmetall oder hochvergütetem Stahl gefertigt sind, relativ teuer. Üblicherweise genügt es jedoch, um den Erfordernissen für ein Abbauen von Gesteinsmaterial aus dem Inneren eines Bohrlochs genügen zu können, lediglich den Bereich ihres Kopfs bzw. jenen Bereich, in welchem Bohrstifte oder Bohrleisten eingesetzt sind, aus entsprechend hoch vergüteten Materialien zu fertigen. Für von einer Bohrfront abgewandte Teile des Bohrkopfs reicht daher üblicherweise das Vorsehen von ganz normalen Stahlqualitäten aus. Um derartigen Erfordernissen besser Rechnung tragen zu können, wird gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Bohrkopf so ausgebildet, dass der Stummelschaft mit dem Bohrkopfkörper einstückig ausgebildet ist und dass der Stummelschaft aus einem von dem damit zu verbindenden weiteren Schaftteil oder dem Adapter verschiedenen Material ausgebildet ist.Drilling heads with their shank parts are relatively expensive due to the fact that they are usually made of hard metal or high-quality steel. Usually, however, in order to meet the requirements for mining rock material from the interior of a wellbore, it is sufficient to manufacture only the area of its head or area in which drilling pins or drill rails are inserted from suitably highly tempered materials. For facing away from a drill hole parts of the drill head therefore usually provides the provision of normal steel grades. In order to be able to take better account of such requirements, according to a further development, the drill head is designed so that the stub shank is formed integrally with the drill head body and that the stub shank is formed from a different material from the further shank part or adapter to be connected therewith.
Um insbesondere ein in das Bohrloch einzubringendes Hüllrohr ohne ein Verdrehen oder Verdrillen desselben mitziehen zu können, ist gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung der Bohrkopf so ausgebildet, dass der Mitnehmer an dem weiteren Schaftteil oder dem Adapter beweglich, insbesondere drehbar angeordnet ist. Durch die bewegliche bzw. drehbare Anordnung des Mitnehmers wird sichergestellt, dass das Hüllrohr, das von dem drehgelagerten Mitnehmer in ein Bohrloch eingezogen wird, ohne jegliche Verdrillung gerade und spannungsfrei in das Bohrloch eingebracht wird, während der Bohrkopf beispielsweise ein drehendes Bohren bzw. drehschlagendes Bohren ausführt. Durch die drehbare Anordnung des Mitnehmers bleibt, wenn der Bohrkopf gedreht wird, der Mitnehmer in Ruhe und es kann somit ein Hüllrohr und es kann somit ohne jegliche Verdrillung und Verwindung eingezogen werden.In order to be able to entrain in particular a tube to be introduced into the borehole without twisting or twisting thereof, according to an embodiment of the invention, the boring head is designed such that the driver is movably, in particular rotatably arranged on the further shaft part or the adapter. The movable or rotatable arrangement of the driver ensures that the cladding tube, which is drawn by the rotatably mounted driver into a borehole, is introduced straight into the borehole without any twist, while the boring head carries out, for example, a rotary boring performs. By the rotatable arrangement of the driver remains when the drill head is rotated, the driver at rest and thus it can be a cladding tube and it can thus be retracted without any twisting and twisting.
Um einen sicheren Abtransport von Bohrklein in das Innere des Hüllrohrs zu gewährleisten und eine Abfuhr desselben aus dem Bohrloch heraus sicherstellen zu können, ist gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung der Bohrkopf so ausgebildet, dass der Mitnehmer an seinen Außenumfang eine Mehrzahl von Ausnehmungen aufweist. Durch die Mehrzahl von Ausnehmungen auf dem Außenumfang des Mitnehmers kann Bohrklein in das Innere des Hüllrohrs eingebracht werden und sicher und zuverlässig zum Äußeren des Bohrlochs transportiert werden.In order to ensure a safe removal of cuttings into the interior of the cladding tube and to ensure a removal of the same from the borehole out, according to an embodiment of the invention, the drill head is formed so that the driver has at its outer periphery a plurality of recesses. By the plurality of recesses on the outer periphery of the driver cuttings can be introduced into the interior of the cladding tube and transported safely and reliably to the exterior of the wellbore.
Indem, wie dies einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung entspricht, der Bohrkopf so ausgebildet ist, dass ein zu dem Bohrkopfkörper gerichteter Außenumfangsbereich des Mitnehmers konturiert, insbesondere gekrümmt ausgebildet ist, gelingt es, das Hüllrohr sicher mitzunehmen, ohne dass ein Abrutschen bzw. unbeabsichtigtes Durchrutschen des Mitnehmers durch das Hüllrohr zu befürchten ist. Mit einer derartigen Konturierung, insbesondere gekrümmten Konturierung weist der Mitnehmer einen Bereich geringeren Durchmessers und einen Bereich größeren Durchmessers auf, und der Bereich größeren Durchmessers gelangt mit einem Bereich geringeren Durchmessers des Hüllrohrs in Eingriff, so dass dieses sicher und zuverlässig mitgenommen wird: Hierbei ist der Bohrkopf so ausgebildet, dass die Konturierung des Außenumfangs des Mitnehmers als Eingriffs- und/oder Halteelement für ein gegebenenfalls mit dem Bohrkopf zusammenwirkendes Anfängerrohr oder Hüllrohr ausgebildet ist. Mit einem derartigen Eingriffs- und/oder Halteelement gelingt insbesondere durch ein Einlegen des Mitnehmers in das Hüllrohr eine sichere Mitnahme des Anfängerrohrs oder Hüllrohrs in das Innere des Bohrlochs, ohne dass ein Ausreißen desselben zu befürchten ist oder ein Durchrutschen des Mitnehmers durch das Hüllrohr.By, as corresponds to a development of the invention, the drill head is designed so that a directed to the drill head body outer peripheral portion of the driver contoured, in particular curved, it is possible to take the jacket tube safely without slipping or accidental slipping of the driver is to be feared by the cladding. With such a contouring, in particular curved contouring, the driver has a region of smaller diameter and a region of larger diameter, and the region of larger diameter engages with a region of smaller diameter of the cladding, so that this is safely and reliably entrained: Here is the Drilling head formed so that the contouring of the outer periphery of the driver is designed as an engaging and / or holding element for a possibly cooperating with the drill head beginner tube or cladding tube. With such an engaging and / or holding element, a safe entrainment of the beginner tube or cladding tube into the interior of the borehole, in particular by inserting the driver into the cladding tube, can be achieved without fear of tearing or slipping of the driver through the cladding tube.
Indem, wie dies einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung entspricht, das weitere Schaftteil oder der Adapter an seinem von dem Bohrkopfkörper abgewandten Endbereich mit einem Innengewinde versehen ist, kann dieses mit entweder einem weiteren Adapter oder einer Bohrstange durch einfaches Verschrauben verbunden werden, wodurch ein insbesondere einfacher und zuverlässiger Zusammenbau eines Gesamtsystems gelingt.By, as this corresponds to a development of the invention, the further shaft portion or the adapter is provided at its side facing away from the drill head body end portion with an internal thread, this can be connected to either another adapter or a drill rod by simply screwing, making a particularly simple and Reliable assembly of a complete system succeeds.
Indem, wie dies einer Weiterbildung des Bohrkopfs gemäß der Erfindung entspricht, der weitere Schaftteil oder Adapter mit zwei im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander angeordneten Anschlagteilen ausgebildet ist, wird ein insbesondere gleichmäßiges Einbringen des Bohrkopfs in das Innere des Bohrlochs gewährleistet.By, as this corresponds to a development of the drill head according to the invention, the further shaft part or adapter is formed with two substantially parallel stop members, a particularly uniform introduction of the drill head is ensured in the interior of the borehole.
Indem, wie dies einer Weiterbildung des Bohrkopfs entspricht, die Anschlagteile als im Wesentlich normal auf eine Drehachse durch den Bohrkopfkörper, das weitere Schaftteil oder den Adapter gerichtete im Wesentlichen ringförmige Anschlagflächen ausgebildet sind, werden größtmögliche Anschlagflächen zur Verfügung gestellt und insbesondere ein gleichmäßiges Beaufschlagen des gesamten Adapters gewährleistet, wodurch die Standzeit des Gesamtsystems verlängert wird.By, as this corresponds to a development of the drill head, the stop members are designed as substantially normal to a rotation axis through the drill head body, the further shaft part or the adapter directed substantially annular abutment surfaces, the largest possible stop surfaces are provided and in particular a uniform application of the entire Adapters ensured, whereby the service life of the entire system is extended.
Im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung erscheint weiterhin wesentlich, ein Hüllrohr gleichzeitig mit dem Einbringen des Bohrkopfs in das Innere des Bohrkopfs in dieses einzuziehen, wobei gleichzeitig gewährleistet sein muss, dass nicht durch ein unbeabsichtigtes Trennen von Bohrkopf und Bohrgestänge bzw. Adapter beispielsweise der Bohrkopf in das Innere des Bohrlochs eingebracht wird, das Hüllrohr jedoch nicht mitgezogen wird oder aber dass das Hüllrohr während des Einbringens ausreißt oder schließlich überhaupt eine ungleichmäßige Bewegung des gesamten Bohrkopfs in das Innere des Bohrlochs geschieht. Die Erfindung zielt daher weiterhin auf ein Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen eines Bohrkopfs gemäß der Erfindung ab, um einen Bohrkopf zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher einerseits sicher und zuverlässig den Bewegungen während des Bohrens standhält und andererseits gleichzeitig kontinuierlich ein Hüllrohr bzw. Mantelrohr in das Innere eines Bohrlochs einziehen kann.In connection with the present invention further appears to be essential to collect a cladding tube simultaneously with the introduction of the drill head into the interior of the drill head, while ensuring that not by an unintentional separation of the drill head and drill string or adapter, for example, the drill head in the interior of the wellbore is introduced, but the cladding tube is not entrained or that the cladding tube breaks out during the introduction or eventually there is an uneven movement of the entire drill head into the interior of the drilled hole. The invention therefore further relates to a method of assembling a boring head according to the invention in order to provide a boring head which, on the one hand, safely and reliably withstands the movements during boring and, on the other hand, at the same time continuously a duct into the interior of a borehole can move in.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren im Wesentlichen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf einem im wesentlichen rohrförmig ausgebildeten weiteren Schaftteil oder Adapter ein das weitere Schaftteil oder den Adapter umgebender Mitnehmer angeordnet, insbesondere drehbar angeordnet wird, dass das weitere Schaftteil oder der Adapter mittels daran vorgesehener erster und zweiter Verbindungselemente in oder auf einem an dem als Stummelschaft ausgebildeten Bohrkopfschaft vorgesehenen Verbindungselement lösbar festgelegt wird, dass nach dem lösbaren Festlegen des weiteren Schaftteils oder des Adapters an dem Stummelschaft des Bohrkopfkörpers, durch ein Verschweißen, Verlöten oder Vernieten des weiteren Schaftteils oder des Adapters mit dem Stummelschaft des Bohrkopfkörpers eine unlösbare Verbindung ausgebildet wird und dass die unlösbare Verbindung gegebenenfalls einer Temperaturbehandlung unterworfen wird. Mit einem derartigen Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen eines Bohrkopfs gelingt es, eine Einheit auszubilden, welche einerseits den Bohrkopf umfasst, andererseits einen Mitnehmer für das Hüllrohr aufweist und schließlich diesen Mitnehmer derart an dem Bohrkopfschaft gelagert aufweist, dass ein unbeabsichtigtes Verdrillen bzw. Verdrehen des Hüllrohrs während des Einbringens in das Bohrloch vermieden wird. Da mit diesem Verfahren im Wesentlichen ein Element ausgebildet wird, welches sämtliche Eigenschaften, die ein Bohrkopf und ein Anfängerrohr ebenso wie ein Adapter aufweist, wird eine deutlich apparative Vereinfachung mit einem extrem simplen Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen erreicht.To solve this problem, the inventive method is essentially characterized in that arranged on a substantially tubular-shaped further shaft part or adapter, the further shaft part or the adapter surrounding driver, in particular rotatably arranged that the other Shaft part or the adapter by means provided thereon first and second fasteners in or on one provided on the formed as a stub shaft drill head shank fastener is releasably determined that after detachably fixing the other shaft part or the adapter to the stub shank of Bohrkopfkörpers, by welding, soldering or Riveting the other shaft part or the adapter with the stub shank of Bohrkopfkörpers a permanent connection is formed and that the insoluble compound is optionally subjected to a temperature treatment. With such a method for assembling a drill head, it is possible to form a unit which on the one hand comprises the drill head, on the other hand has a driver for the jacket tube and finally has this driver mounted on the drill head shaft such that unintentional twisting or twisting of the jacket tube during the Entry into the borehole is avoided. Since this method essentially forms an element which has all the properties which a drill head and a beginner tube as well as an adapter have, a clear apparatus simplification is achieved with an extremely simple method of assembling.
Indem weiterhin das Verfahren so geführt wird, dass die das Überführen in eine unlösbare Verbindung durch Verlöten, insbesondere Vakuumlöten ausgebildet wird, wird sichergestellt, dass unabhängig von der Drehrichtung des Bohrkopfs ein unbeabsichtigtes Lösen der Einzelteile, welche den Bohrkopf sowie den Mitnehmer ausbilden, voneinander, jedenfalls hintangehalten ist. Eine derartige Einrichtung wird eingesetzt, um das Verfahren so zu führen, dass gleichzeitig mit dem Einbringen des Bohrkopfs auch das Hüllrohr in das Innere des Bohrlochs eingebracht wird, wobei nach Beendigung des Bohrvorgangs das Bohrgestänge von dem Bohrkopf abgetrennt wird und diese Teile als verlorener Bohrkopf im Inneren des Bohrlochs verbleiben.Furthermore, by carrying out the method such that the transfer to a non-detachable connection is formed by soldering, in particular vacuum soldering, it is ensured that unintentional detachment of the individual parts forming the drill head and the driver from one another, regardless of the direction of rotation of the drill head, is at any rate refrained from. Such a device is used to guide the process so that simultaneously with the introduction of the drill head and the cladding tube is introduced into the interior of the well, after completion of the drilling process, the drill string is separated from the drill head and these parts as a lost drill head in Inside the hole remain.
Um eine besonders stabile und insbesondere auch in der rauen Umgebung des Bergbaus nicht standfeste Verbindung zur Verfügung zu stellen, ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dahingehend weitergebildet, dass nach dem Verlöten eine Wärmebehandlung, insbesondere ein Tempern vorgenommen wird. Indem nach dem Verlöten eine Wärmebehandlung, insbesondere ein Tempern durchgeführt wird, wird sichergestellt, dass die Lötverbindungen keinerlei Spannungen unterliegen und auch den massiven Belastungen des Ausbildens eines Lochs in Boden- und Gesteinsmaterial mit Sicherheit standhalten. Weiterhin gelingt es mit einer derartigen Verfahrensführung eine Bohrkrone auszubilden, bei welcher die einzelnen Bestandteile aus unterschiedlichen Stahlqualitäten gefertigt sind, da durch eine Temperaturbehandlung interne Spannungen aufgebaut und eine Rissbildung bzw. ein Brechen der Verbindung verhindert wird. Schließlich wird mit einer derartigen Verfahrensführung erreicht, dass beim Tempern bzw. auch nach dem Tempern die vorhandene Restwärme genutzt werden kann, um Gefügeveränderungen in den Stahlqualitäten auszubilden. Durch eine derartige Gefügeänderung wird die Bruchfestigkeit des Materials um bis zu 20 % erhöht und dadurch die Standfestigkeit des Bohrkopfs weiter erhöht. Überdies kann mit einer derartigen Verfahrensführung der Einsatz unterschiedlicher Stahlqualitäten gezielt vorgenommen werden. So können teure Werkstoffe für lediglich den Bohrkopfkörper verwendet werden und für die Schaftteile bzw. insbesondere das weitere Schaftteil können günstigere Werkstoffe bzw. weichere Stahlqualitäten eingesetzt werden, ohne dass Gefahr eines vorzeitigen Verschleißes bzw. des Brechens des Bohrkopfs zu befürchten ist.In order to provide a particularly stable connection, which is unstable in particular in the harsh environment of mining, the method according to the invention is further developed such that, after brazing, a heat treatment, in particular annealing, is carried out. By performing a heat treatment, in particular tempering, after soldering, it is ensured that the solder joints are not subject to any stresses and can withstand the massive stresses of forming a hole in soil and rock material with certainty. Furthermore, it is possible with such a process management form a drill bit, in which the individual components made of different steel grades are, as built by a temperature treatment internal stresses and cracking or breaking of the connection is prevented. Finally, it is achieved with such a process control that the existing residual heat can be used during annealing or after annealing to form structural changes in the steel grades. By such a structural change, the breaking strength of the material is increased by up to 20%, thereby further increasing the stability of the drill head. Moreover, with such a process control, the use of different steel grades can be made specifically. Thus, expensive materials can be used for only the drill head body and for the shaft parts or in particular the further shaft part cheaper materials or softer steel grades can be used without the risk of premature wear or breakage of the drill head is to be feared.
Indem, wie dies einer Weiterbildung entspricht, das Verfahren so geführt wird, dass die Temperatur und/oder Dauer des Temperns derart gewählt werden, dass in dem weiteren Schaftteil oder dem Adapter während des Temperns eine Gefügeänderung bewirkt wird und dass der Mitnehmer und Bohrkopfkörper aus einem von dem weiteren Schaftteil oder dem Adapter verschiedenen Material ausgebildet sind, kann insbesondere eine Einsparung bei dem für den Bohrkopf eingesetzten Materialien erzielt werden. Durch das Tempern wird die Ausbildung einer Gefügeänderung erreicht, so dass auch voneinander deutlich verschiedene Materialien, insbesondere Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten sicher und zuverlässig verbunden werden können.By, as corresponds to a development, the process is performed so that the temperature and / or duration of the annealing are chosen such that in the other shaft part or the adapter during annealing, a structural change is effected and that the driver and Bohrkopfkörper of a If different materials are formed by the further shaft part or the adapter, in particular a saving in the materials used for the drilling head can be achieved. By annealing the formation of a structural change is achieved, so that even clearly different materials, in particular materials with different expansion coefficients can be safely and reliably connected.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In diesen zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch den Bohrkopf sowie ein an diesen angelenktes Hüllrohr, -
Fig. 2 den Bohrkopf vonFig. 1 in der Ansicht von außen, -
Fig. 3 den Bohrkopf vonFig. 1 , bei welchem das Hüllrohr weggelassen ist, -
Fig. 4 eine andere Ausbildung eines Mitnehmers sowie des weiteren Schaftteils in der Ansicht von außen, und -
Fig.5 eine Draufsicht in der Perspektive auf einen Mitnehmer gemäß der Erfindung.
-
Fig. 1 a section through the drill head and a hinged to this cladding tube, -
Fig. 2 the drill head ofFig. 1 in the view from the outside, -
Fig. 3 the drill head ofFig. 1 in which the cladding tube is omitted, -
Fig. 4 another embodiment of a driver and the other shaft part in the view from the outside, and -
Figure 5 a plan view in perspective of a driver according to the invention.
Im Einzelnen ist in
Der Mitnehmer 5 ist in der in
Für ein sicheres Funktionieren des Eintreibens eines Bohrkopfs 1 in das Innere eines Bohrlochs ist hierbei weiterhin das weitere Schaftteil 4 bzw. der Adapter im Wesentlichen mit zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Anschlagteilen 14 und 15 ausgebildet. Dadurch wird einerseits eine Begrenzung der freien Beweglichkeit des Mitnehmers 5 in Richtung aus dem Bohrloch heraus durch das Anschlagteil 14 zur gewährleistet und andererseits durch das Anschlagteil 15 die Möglichkeit geschaffen, dass in das weitere Schaftteil oder den Adapter 4 beispielsweise ein weiterer Adapter eingesetzt wird, im welchem Fall die Anschlagfläche 15 mit einer komplementären Anschlagfläche des weiteren Adapters wechselwirkt, um eine sichere Kraftübertragung zu ermöglichen.For a secure functioning of the driving of a drill head 1 into the interior of a borehole, the
Bei der Darstellung gemäß
In der Darstellung von
In
Das weitere Schaftteil bzw. der Adapter 4 ist in
In
Abweichend von den Darstellungen der
Es erübrigt sich festzuhalten, dass anstelle des Gewindes 17 zur Verbindung mit dem Schaftteil 3 des Bohrkopfkörpers 2 beispielsweise eine Steckverbindung, eine Bajonettverbindung oder jede andere lösbare Verbindung vorgesehen sein kann, welche in der Folge durch Verlöten zu einer unlösbaren Verbindung gemacht werden kann, wobei dies nicht zwingend erforderlich ist. Auch eine andere Ausbildung des ringförmigen Mitnehmers, welcher frei auf dem Schaft des Bohrkopfs drehbar ist, ist denkbar, so kann die Zahl der sich in radialer Richtung erstreckenden Fortsätze 10 variieren und es können insbesondere zwischen 4 und 6 dieser Fortsätze vorgesehen sein. Wichtig ist, dass zwischen den Fortsätzen 10 Durchtrittsöffnungen 9 vorgesehen sind, um Bohrklein abtransportieren zu können. In gleicher Weise kann der Bohrkopfkörper 2 beliebig ausgebildet sein, wobei jede Form von bekanntem Bohrkopf bzw. Bohrkopfkörper zum Einsatz gelangen kann, solange dieser Bohrkopf bzw. Bohrkopfkörper einen Schaft 3, insbesondere Stummelschaft aufweist, welcher mit einem weiteren Schaftteil 4 verbindbar ist.Needless to say, instead of the
Claims (15)
- A drill head (1) comprising a drill head body (2) in which a plurality of drill bits (7) and/or drill templates are fixed in corresponding reception openings, a drill head shaft (3) designed for connection to an element selected from a further shaft portion (4) or an adapter (4), at least one recess (16) for removing cuttings, and optionally at least one opening (8) for applying flushing fluid, characterized in that the drill head shaft (3) is designed as a stump shaft provided with a first connection element for connection to the further shaft portion (4), that an end region directed to the drill head (1), of the substantially tubularly designed further shaft portion (4) or the adapter is configured with a second connection element (17) cooperating with the first connection element of the drill head shaft (3), that an end region facing the drill head (1), of the further shaft portion (4) or the adapter is configured with at least one substantially annular stop member (14), and that a driver (5) capable of being brought into abutment on the substantially annular stop member (14) and surrounding the further shaft portion (4) or the adapter is provided.
- A drill head (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection elements (17) for connecting the stump shaft (3) to the further shaft portion or the adapter (4) are selected from cooperating thread parts, plug connection parts such as bayonet connection elements, or clamping connection parts.
- A drill head (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a non-detachable fixation of the first and second connection elements (17) to each other by solder is additionally provided.
- A drill head (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the stump shaft (3) is designed in one piece with the drill head body (2), and that the stump shaft (3) is formed of a material different from that of the further shaft portion, or the adapter (4), to be connected thereto.
- A drill head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the driver (5) is movably, in particular rotationally, disposed on the further shaft portion or the adapter (4).
- A drill head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the driver (5) comprises a plurality of recesses (9) on its outer circumference (10).
- A drill head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an outer circumferential region (10) directed to the drill head body (2), of the driver (5) is designed to be contoured, in particular curved.
- A drill head (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the contouring of the outer circumference (10) of the driver (5) is designed as an engagement and/or holding element (11) for a starter pipe or a cladding tube (6) optionally cooperating with the drill head (1).
- A drill head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the shaft portion or the adapter (4) is provided with an internal thread on its end region facing away from the drill head body (5).
- A drill head (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the end region facing away from the drill head (1), of the further shaft portion or the adapter (4) is configured with two substantially parallelly disposed stop members (14,15).
- A drill head (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the stop members (15) are designed as substantially annular stop surfaces (14,15) directed substantially normally to an axis of rotation through the drill head body (2), the further shaft portion, or the adapter (4).
- A method for assembling a drill head (1) comprising a drill head body (2) in which a plurality of drill bits (7) and/or drill templates are fixed in corresponding reception openings, a drill head shaft (3) adapted for connection to an element selected from a further shaft portion or an adapter (4), which comprises at least one recess (16) for removing cuttings and optionally at least one opening (8) for applying flushing fluid, characterized in that a driver (5) surrounding the further shaft portion or the adapter (4) is attached, in particular rotationally attached, to a substantially tubularly designed further shaft portion or adapter (4), that the further shaft portion or the adapter (4), by first and second connection elements (17) provided thereon is detachably fixed in or to a connection element provided on the drill head shaft (3) designed as a stump shaft, that, following the detachable fixing of the further shaft portion or the adapter (4) to the stump shaft (3) of the drill head body (2), a non-detachable connection is formed by welding, soldering or riveting of the further shaft portion or the adapter (4) with the stump shaft (3) of the drill head body (2), and that the non-detachable connection is optionally subjected to a temperature treatment.
- A method according to claim 12, characterized in that converting into a non-detachable connection is effected by soldering, in particular vacuum soldering.
- A method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a thermal treatment, in particular tempering, is performed after soldering.
- A method according to claim 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that the temperature and/or the time of tempering are selected such that a structural change is caused during tempering in the further shaft portion or the adapter (4), and that the driver (5) and the drill head body (2) are formed of a material different from that of the further shaft portion or the adapter (4) .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL17450003T PL3231980T3 (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2017-03-29 | Drilling head with a chisel holder and a method of assembling the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT802016 | 2016-04-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3231980A1 EP3231980A1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
EP3231980B1 true EP3231980B1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
Family
ID=58489279
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17450003.3A Not-in-force EP3231980B1 (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2017-03-29 | Drilling head with a chisel holder and a method of assembling the same |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3231980B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3231980T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE522135C2 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2004-01-13 | Uno Loef | Drilling tools for lowering drilling |
AT500691B1 (en) | 2003-10-08 | 2008-07-15 | Alwag Tunnelausbau Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRILLING HOLES IN SOIL OR ROCK MATERIAL |
PL1818499T3 (en) | 2006-02-09 | 2011-11-30 | Gonar Sp Z O O | Apparatus for simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes |
SE533272C2 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-08-03 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Drilling tool for striking rock drilling and consumable kits, ring drill bit and impact shoe for this |
WO2011079339A2 (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2011-07-07 | Dywidag-Systems International Gmbh | Drill bit for the drilling, in particular percussion drilling or rotary percussion drilling, of holes in soil material or rock material |
-
2017
- 2017-03-29 PL PL17450003T patent/PL3231980T3/en unknown
- 2017-03-29 EP EP17450003.3A patent/EP3231980B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3231980A1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
PL3231980T3 (en) | 2019-08-30 |
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