EP3224483B1 - Centrifugal pump with guiding device - Google Patents

Centrifugal pump with guiding device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3224483B1
EP3224483B1 EP15798458.4A EP15798458A EP3224483B1 EP 3224483 B1 EP3224483 B1 EP 3224483B1 EP 15798458 A EP15798458 A EP 15798458A EP 3224483 B1 EP3224483 B1 EP 3224483B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
impeller
guide
centrifugal pump
flow
guide device
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EP15798458.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3224483A1 (en
Inventor
Annika FLEDER
Björn WILL
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KSB SE and Co KGaA
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KSB SE and Co KGaA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/445—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/448—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
    • F04D29/2216—Shape, geometry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/24—Vanes
    • F04D29/242—Geometry, shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D1/06—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/548—Specially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/70—Shape
    • F05D2250/71—Shape curved

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the centrifugal pump has at least one impeller which is designed as a radial impeller and discharges axially and which is followed by a guide device.
  • the guide device has guide vanes. Guide channels for the pumped medium are formed between the guide vanes. Such guide devices can be designed as guide wheels.
  • the pumped medium emerging from the impeller enters the guide device. In the guide device, kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy. The medium is also redirected. The swirl is often reduced for the purpose of an inflow to a next stage.
  • the DE 198 22 223 A1 describes a multistage centrifugal pump. Impellers are arranged rotating in the stage casing of the centrifugal pump. The pumped medium flows to a first impeller and experiences an increase in pressure as a result. Downstream of the impeller is a stator part with which speed energy is converted into pressure energy. The stator part also deflects the conveying medium in its flow direction.
  • the DE 33 15 350 C2 relates to a stator for centrifugal pumps with diffuser-shaped widened guide channels.
  • the outer radial guide channel delimitation is formed by a housing that accommodates the guide wheel.
  • the JP H11 173296 A discloses a centrifugal pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a diffuser device of a pump with a radial impeller which is connected to an outlet pipe, the diffuser device having two diffuser housings connected to one another.
  • stages of high-pressure centrifugal pumps have very large stage diameters in relation to the outer diameter of the impeller.
  • the inside diameter of the step is often more than a factor of 1.5 larger than the impeller diameter.
  • the flow is delayed in a diffuser.
  • the reduction of the peripheral speed component takes place in a return blading.
  • the U.S. 2,857,849 A discloses a pump unit with a motor housing which is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced through channels which extend in the longitudinal direction of the motor housing.
  • An impeller has impeller channels which allow the fluid to be conveyed to flow axially into the through channels.
  • the object of the invention is to specify a centrifugal pump with the smallest possible radial installation space.
  • the centrifugal pump should have the highest possible efficiency. A flow separation should be largely prevented. Furthermore, a delay with as little loss as possible should be guaranteed.
  • the centrifugal pump should be characterized by a construction that is as inexpensive as possible and a reliable mode of operation. Furthermore, the longest possible service life should be guaranteed.
  • additional guide elements are arranged at the outlet of at least some of the guide channels.
  • This integration of the guide elements in the guide device significantly reduces flow separation.
  • the guide elements increase the stage efficiency noticeably.
  • the guide elements open up new freedom in the construction of the guide device. For example, it is possible that the guide vanes have to be less curved at the outlet. With conventional centrifugal pumps, a strong deflection at the stator outlet was necessary, because the flow coming from the stator is in great danger of detachment in this area and therefore the flow must not be diverted here. Therefore, in conventional centrifugal pumps, the guide vanes had to be strongly curved in the area of small radii in order to still implement a deflection.
  • the guide elements are designed as blades which at least partially protrude into the guide channels.
  • the guide elements thus form intercut blades.
  • the guide vanes of the stator extend from an inlet to an outlet.
  • the inlet and outlet of the guide device are defined as the inlet and outlet into the guide channels that are formed between the guide vanes.
  • the guide elements designed as intermediate-cut blades are arranged at the outlet of at least some of the guide channels and still protrude into the guide channels. According to the invention, these intermediate cut blades extend from the outlet of the guide channels in the direction of flow to the next stage.
  • the guide elements have a curvature for deflecting the flow.
  • the curved intermediate blades which initially overlap with the guide blades, significantly reduce flow separation and thus increase the efficiency of the centrifugal pump. This saves operating costs. Furthermore, wear effects are prevented as a result, so that the centrifugal pump according to the invention is less susceptible to repair and has a long service life.
  • the impeller is designed as a radial wheel and axially pouring out.
  • Such impellers are also referred to as hermaphroditic impellers. While in conventional radial impellers the flow is discharged in the radial direction, the outflow in a hermaphrodite impeller is axially directed. This results in an S-run in the meridional section of the hybrid impeller.
  • the flow is then decelerated and deflected in a single component and the swirl is reduced for the purpose of flow to the next stage.
  • the inventive combination of a hermaphroditic impeller with an adjoining guide device, which has guide elements, enables a compact design of the centrifugal pump with minimal step diameters and at the same time ensures low-loss deceleration and an improvement in the outflow.
  • a centrifugal pump is thus created which, despite its compact design, has a high degree of efficiency. This considerably improves the flow to the next stage.
  • the impeller preferably has a cover disk.
  • the impeller is therefore a closed impeller in which the fluid enters in the axial direction, is then deflected radially, but is finally poured out axially as a result of the S-shaped meridian. It proves to be advantageous if the impeller has a support disk.
  • the support disk is preferably turned off at least in some areas. By turning off the outer area of the support disk, an axial distribution is made possible. The result is an S-shaped meridional section. The design leads to a reduced step diameter. This saves material.
  • the guide device is firmly connected to the pump housing or can be formed by the step housing itself.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a section of a multistage centrifugal pump.
  • the pump comprises several stages connected in series, of which in Figure 1 one stage is shown as an example.
  • An impeller 1 is arranged on a shaft 2.
  • a stage housing 3 surrounds the impeller 1.
  • a fluid flows into the impeller 1 in the axial direction, is then deflected in a radial direction and finally leaves the impeller 1 again in the axial direction.
  • the fluid then flows into a guide device 4, which in the exemplary embodiment is designed as a guide wheel and is formed by the stage housing 3.
  • the impeller 1 has a cover disk 5 and a support disk 6.
  • the support disk 6 is turned off in its outer area.
  • the cover disk 5 extends further in the radial direction than the support disk 6.
  • the name hybrid impeller comes from the fact that it is a radial impeller in which the outflow is directed axially. This is made possible by turning the support disk 6 in its outer area.
  • a space 10 is present between the impeller 1 and the guide device 4. This is a wheel side space.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the impeller 1, which is arranged on a shaft 2.
  • the delivery medium flows from the impeller 1 into the guide device 4.
  • the guide device 4 comprises guide vanes 7.
  • Guide channels 8 are formed between adjacent guide vanes 7.
  • guide elements 9 are arranged at the outlet of the guide channels 8.
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the guide device 4. It can be seen that the guide elements 9 are designed as blades. These have a curvature to deflect the flow. According to the invention, the guide elements protrude at least partially into the guide channels 8. The guide elements 9 extend, starting from the outlet of the guide channels 8, increasingly downstream in the axial direction.
  • FIGS. 5a , 5b and 5c show flow vectors on three different cutting planes from a flow simulation.
  • the guide elements 9 ensure that the flow is deflected in the axial direction.
  • a hermaphrodite hydraulic system consisting of an impeller 1, which is designed as a hermaphroditic impeller, a guide device 4, which is designed as a hermaphroditic stator, and the integration of guide elements 9, which are arranged as intermediate-cut blades at the stator outlet, leads to a centrifugal pump that has a compact design and has a high level of efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kreiselpumpe gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a centrifugal pump according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die Kreiselpumpe weist mindestens ein als Radialrad ausgebildetes und axial ausschüttendes Laufrad auf, dem eine Leiteinrichtung nachgeordnet ist. Die Leiteinrichtung weist Leitschaufeln auf. Zwischen den Leitschaufeln werden Leitkanäle für das Fördermedium gebildet. Solche Leiteinrichtungen können als Leiträder ausgebildet sein. Aus dem Laufrad austretendes Fördermedium tritt in die Leiteinrichtung ein. In der Leiteinrichtung wird kinetische Energie in Druckenergie umgewandelt. Weiterhin findet eine Umlenkung des Mediums statt. Der Drall wird zwecks einer Zuströmung zu einer nächsten Stufe häufig reduziert.The centrifugal pump has at least one impeller which is designed as a radial impeller and discharges axially and which is followed by a guide device. The guide device has guide vanes. Guide channels for the pumped medium are formed between the guide vanes. Such guide devices can be designed as guide wheels. The pumped medium emerging from the impeller enters the guide device. In the guide device, kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy. The medium is also redirected. The swirl is often reduced for the purpose of an inflow to a next stage.

In der DE 39 12 279 C2 wird eine Kreiselpumpe ein- oder mehrstufiger Bauart mit mindestens einem Laufrad beschrieben. Dem Laufrad ist in Strömungsrichtung ein Leitrad nachgeordnet. Das Leitrad weist mehrere Leitschaufeln auf.In the DE 39 12 279 C2 describes a centrifugal pump of single or multi-stage design with at least one impeller. A guide wheel is arranged downstream of the impeller in the direction of flow. The stator has several guide vanes.

Die DE 198 22 223 A1 beschreibt eine mehrstufige Kreiselpumpe. In den Stufengehäusen der Kreiselpumpe sind Laufräder rotierend angeordnet. Das Fördermedium strömt einem ersten Laufrad zu und erfährt dadurch eine Druckerhöhung. Dem Laufrad nachgeordnet ist ein Leitradteil mit dem Geschwindigkeitsenergie in Druckenergie umgewandelt wird. Auch lenkt das Leitradteil das Fördermedium in seiner Strömungsrichtung um.the DE 198 22 223 A1 describes a multistage centrifugal pump. Impellers are arranged rotating in the stage casing of the centrifugal pump. The pumped medium flows to a first impeller and experiences an increase in pressure as a result. Downstream of the impeller is a stator part with which speed energy is converted into pressure energy. The stator part also deflects the conveying medium in its flow direction.

Die DE 33 15 350 C2 betrifft ein Leitrad für Kreiselpumpen mit diffusorförmig erweiterten Leitkanälen. Die äußere radiale Leitkanalbegrenzung wird durch ein das Leitrad aufnehmendes Gehäuse gebildet. Die JP H11 173296 A offenbart eine Kreiselpumpe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.the DE 33 15 350 C2 relates to a stator for centrifugal pumps with diffuser-shaped widened guide channels. The outer radial guide channel delimitation is formed by a housing that accommodates the guide wheel. the JP H11 173296 A discloses a centrifugal pump according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der JP H11 173296 A ist eine Diffusoreinrichtung einer Pumpe mit Radialrad bekannt, die mit einem Auslassrohr verbunden ist, wobei die Diffusoreinrichtung zwei miteinander verbundene Diffusorgehäuse aufweist.From the JP H11 173296 A a diffuser device of a pump with a radial impeller is known which is connected to an outlet pipe, the diffuser device having two diffuser housings connected to one another.

Bei herkömmlichen mehrstufigen Kreiselpumpen wird das aus dem Laufrad austretende Fluid in einem nachfolgenden Leitrad zunächst verzögert und anschließend in einer Überströmgeometrie der nachfolgenden Rückführpartie zugeführt. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein erhöhter radialer Bauaufwand. Insbesondere Stufen von Höchstdruckkreiselpumpen weisen dabei sehr große Stufendurchmesser bezogen auf den Laufradaußendurchmesser auf. Häufig ist der Stufeninnendurchmesser dabei um mehr als den Faktor 1,5 größer als der Laufraddurchmesser. Die Verzögerung der Strömung erfolgt in einem Leitraddiffusor. Die Reduktion der Umfangsgeschwindigkeitskomponente erfolgt in einer Rückführbeschaufelung.In conventional multistage centrifugal pumps, the fluid emerging from the impeller is initially delayed in a downstream stator and then fed to the downstream return section in an overflow geometry. This results in an increased radial construction effort. In particular, stages of high-pressure centrifugal pumps have very large stage diameters in relation to the outer diameter of the impeller. The inside diameter of the step is often more than a factor of 1.5 larger than the impeller diameter. The flow is delayed in a diffuser. The reduction of the peripheral speed component takes place in a return blading.

Die US 2,857,849 A offenbart eine Pumpeneinheit mit einem Motorgehäuse, das mit einer Vielzahl von umlaufend beabstandeten Durchgangskanälen versehen ist, die sich in Längsrichtung des Motorgehäuses erstrecken. Ein Laufrad weist Laufradkanäle auf, die ein axiales Ausströmen des zu fördernden Fluides in die Durchgangskanäle erlauben.the U.S. 2,857,849 A discloses a pump unit with a motor housing which is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced through channels which extend in the longitudinal direction of the motor housing. An impeller has impeller channels which allow the fluid to be conveyed to flow axially into the through channels.

Aus der CN 103 591 051 A Bohrlochpumpe mit einem Halbaxialrad und nachgeschalteten Leitschaufeln bekannt, wobei zwischen den Leitschaufeln weitere Hilfsschaufeln vorgesehen sind.From the CN 103 591 051 A Borehole pump with a semi-axial impeller and downstream guide vanes is known, further auxiliary vanes being provided between the guide vanes.

Die US 3,398,694 A beschreibt eine Tauchpumpe mit einem Halbaxialrad und nachgeschalteten Leitschaufeln.the U.S. 3,398,694 A describes a submersible pump with a semi-axial wheel and downstream guide vanes.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Kreiselpumpe mit einem möglichst kleinen radialen Bauraum anzugeben. Die Kreiselpumpe soll dabei einen möglichst hohen Wirkungsgrad aufweisen. Eine Strömungsablösung soll dabei weitgehend verhindert werden. Weiterhin soll eine möglichst verlustarme Verzögerung gewährleistet werden. Die Kreiselpumpe soll sich durch eine möglichst kostengünstige Konstruktion und zuverlässige Betriebsweise auszeichnen. Weiterhin soll eine möglichst lange Lebensdauer gewährleistet sein.The object of the invention is to specify a centrifugal pump with the smallest possible radial installation space. The centrifugal pump should have the highest possible efficiency. A flow separation should be largely prevented. Furthermore, a delay with as little loss as possible should be guaranteed. The centrifugal pump should be characterized by a construction that is as inexpensive as possible and a reliable mode of operation. Furthermore, the longest possible service life should be guaranteed.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Kreiselpumpe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Varianten sind in den Unteransprüchen ausgeführt.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a centrifugal pump having the features of claim 1. Preferred variants are set out in the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß sind am Austritt zumindest eines Teils der Leitkanäle zusätzliche Führungselemente angeordnet. Durch diese Integration der Führungselemente in die Leiteinrichtung wird eine Strömungsablösung deutlich verringert. Weiterhin erhöhen die Führungselemente den Stufenwirkungsgrad merklich. Zudem eröffnen die Führungselemente neue Freiheiten bei der Konstruktion der Leiteinrichtung. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, dass die Leitschaufeln weniger stark am Austritt gekrümmt sein müssen. Bei herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen war eine starke Umlenkung am Leitradaustritt erforderlich, da die aus dem Leitrad kommende Strömung in diesem Bereich stark ablösungsgefährdet ist und somit die Strömung hier nicht umgelenkt werden darf. Daher mussten bei herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen die Leitschaufeln im Bereich kleiner Radien stark gekrümmt werden, um dennoch eine Umlenkung zu realisieren. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Integration von Führungselementen am Austritt der zwischen den Leitschaufeln gebildeten Leitkanäle ist eine solch starke Krümmung der Leitschaufeln nicht mehr zwangsläufig erforderlich. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Führungselemente als Schaufeln ausgebildet, die zumindest teilweise in die Leitkanäle hineinragen. So bilden die Führungselemente Zwischenschnitt-Schaufeln. Die Leitschaufeln des Leitrades erstrecken sich von einem Eintritt bis zu einem Austritt. Der Eintritt und der Austritt der Leiteinrichtung ist dabei als Eintritt bzw. Austritt in die Leitkanäle definiert, die zwischen den Leitschaufeln gebildet werden. Die als Zwischenschnitt-Schaufeln ausgebildeten Führungselemente sind am Austritt zumindest eines Teils der Leitkanäle angeordnet und ragen in die Leitkanäle noch hinein. Erfindungsgemäß erstrecken sich diese Zwischenschnitt-Schaufeln vom Austritt der Leitkanäle in Strömungsrichtung hinaus zur nächsten Stufe hin.According to the invention, additional guide elements are arranged at the outlet of at least some of the guide channels. This integration of the guide elements in the guide device significantly reduces flow separation. Furthermore, the guide elements increase the stage efficiency noticeably. In addition, the guide elements open up new freedom in the construction of the guide device. For example, it is possible that the guide vanes have to be less curved at the outlet. With conventional centrifugal pumps, a strong deflection at the stator outlet was necessary, because the flow coming from the stator is in great danger of detachment in this area and therefore the flow must not be diverted here. Therefore, in conventional centrifugal pumps, the guide vanes had to be strongly curved in the area of small radii in order to still implement a deflection. As a result of the inventive integration of guide elements at the outlet of the guide channels formed between the guide vanes, such a strong curvature of the guide vanes is no longer absolutely necessary. According to the invention, the guide elements are designed as blades which at least partially protrude into the guide channels. The guide elements thus form intercut blades. The guide vanes of the stator extend from an inlet to an outlet. The inlet and outlet of the guide device are defined as the inlet and outlet into the guide channels that are formed between the guide vanes. The guide elements designed as intermediate-cut blades are arranged at the outlet of at least some of the guide channels and still protrude into the guide channels. According to the invention, these intermediate cut blades extend from the outlet of the guide channels in the direction of flow to the next stage.

Die Führungselemente weisen dabei eine Krümmung zur Umlenkung der Strömung auf. Durch die gekrümmten Zwischenschaufeln, die sich anfangs mit den Leitschaufeln überdecken, wird eine Strömungsablösung deutlich verringert und somit der Wirkungsgrad der Kreiselpumpe gesteigert. Dies spart Betriebskosten ein. Weiterhin werden dadurch Abnutzungseffekte verhindert, sodass die erfindungsgemäße Kreiselpumpe weniger reparaturanfällig ist und eine lange Lebensdauer aufweist. Erfindungsgemäß ist das Laufrad als Radialrad und axial ausschüttend ausgebildet. Solche Laufräder werden auch als Zwitter-Laufräder bezeichnet. Während bei herkömmlichen radialen Laufrädern die Strömungsausschüttung in radialer Richtung erfolgt, ist die Abströmung bei einem Zwitter-Laufrad axial gerichtet. Somit ergibt sich ein S-Schlag im Meridianschnitt des Zwitter-Laufrads.The guide elements have a curvature for deflecting the flow. The curved intermediate blades, which initially overlap with the guide blades, significantly reduce flow separation and thus increase the efficiency of the centrifugal pump. This saves operating costs. Furthermore, wear effects are prevented as a result, so that the centrifugal pump according to the invention is less susceptible to repair and has a long service life. According to the invention, the impeller is designed as a radial wheel and axially pouring out. Such impellers are also referred to as hermaphroditic impellers. While in conventional radial impellers the flow is discharged in the radial direction, the outflow in a hermaphrodite impeller is axially directed. This results in an S-run in the meridional section of the hybrid impeller.

Diese erfindungsgemäße Kombination eines Zwitter-Laufrades und der Integration von Führungselementen bei der sich anschließenden Leiteinrichtung bringt erhebliche Vorteile mit sich. Bei herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen mit konventionellen radial ausschüttenden Radiallaufrädern wird das aus dem Laufrad austretende Fluid in einem nachfolgenden Leitrad zunächst verzögert und anschließend in einer Überströmgeometrie der nachfolgenden Rückführpartie zugeführt. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein deutlich erhöhter radialer Bauaufwand. Insbesondere die Stufen von Höchstdruckkreiselpumpen weisen dabei sehr große Stufendurchmesser bezogen auf den Laufrad-Außendurchmesser auf. Der Stufeninnendurchmesser ist dabei im Verhältnis zum Laufrad-Außendurchmesser häufig um mehr als das 1,5-fache größer. Bei diesen herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen erfolgt die Verzögerung der Strömung im Leitraddiffusor. Die Reduktion der Umfangsgeschwindigkeitskomponente erfolgt durch die nachfolgende Rückführbeschaufelung.This combination according to the invention of a hermaphrodite impeller and the integration of guide elements in the adjoining guide device has considerable advantages. In conventional centrifugal pumps with conventional radial discharge impellers, the fluid emerging from the impeller is first delayed in a downstream stator and then fed to the downstream return section in an overflow geometry. This results in a significantly increased radial construction effort. In particular, the stages of high-pressure centrifugal pumps have very large stage diameters in relation to the outer diameter of the impeller. The inside diameter of the step is often more than 1.5 times larger than the outside diameter of the impeller. In these conventional centrifugal pumps, the flow is delayed in the stator diffuser. The peripheral speed component is reduced by the subsequent return blading.

Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Einsatz eines Zwitter-Laufrads tritt die Strömung axial aus dem Laufrad aus. Die Strömung wird dann in einer einzigen Komponente verzögert, umgelenkt und der Drall, zwecks Zuströmung zur nächsten Stufe, reduziert. Bei herkömmlichen Kreiselpumpen mit Zwitter-Laufrädern führt dies in der Regel zu deutlich höheren Verlusten als bei konventionellen Hydrauliken, mit einem reinen Radialrad, die jedoch wiederum mehr Bauraum erfordern. Die erfindungsgemäße Kombination eines Zwitter-Laufrades mit einer sich anschließenden Leiteinrichtung, die Führungselemente aufweist, ermöglicht eine kompakte Bauform der Kreiselpumpe mit minimalen Stufendurchmessern und gewährleistet gleichzeitig eine verlustarme Verzögerung und eine Verbesserung der Abströmung. Somit ist eine Kreiselpumpe geschaffen, die trotz kompakter Bauform einen hohen Wirkungsgrad aufweist. Die Zuströmung zur nächsten Stufe wird dadurch erheblich verbessert.By using a hermaphroditic impeller according to the invention, the flow exits the impeller axially. The flow is then decelerated and deflected in a single component and the swirl is reduced for the purpose of flow to the next stage. In conventional centrifugal pumps with hermaphroditic impellers, this generally leads to significantly higher losses than with conventional hydraulics with a purely radial impeller, which in turn require more installation space. The inventive combination of a hermaphroditic impeller with an adjoining guide device, which has guide elements, enables a compact design of the centrifugal pump with minimal step diameters and at the same time ensures low-loss deceleration and an improvement in the outflow. A centrifugal pump is thus created which, despite its compact design, has a high degree of efficiency. This considerably improves the flow to the next stage.

Vorzugsweise weist das Laufrad eine Deckscheibe auf. Somit handelt es sich bei dem Laufrad um ein geschlossenes Laufrad, bei dem das Fluid in axialer Richtung eintritt, dann radial umgelenkt wird, aber schließlich doch, in Folge des S-förmigen Meridians, axial ausgeschüttet wird. Dabei erweist es sich als günstig, wenn das Laufrad eine Tragscheibe aufweist. Vorzugsweise ist die Tragscheibe zumindest bereichsweise abgedreht. Durch ein Abdrehen des äußeren Bereiches der Tragscheibe wird eine axiale Ausschüttung ermöglicht. Es ergibt sich ein S-förmiger Meridianschnitt. Die Bauweise führt zu einem verringerten Stufendurchmesser. Dadurch wird Material eingespart.The impeller preferably has a cover disk. The impeller is therefore a closed impeller in which the fluid enters in the axial direction, is then deflected radially, but is finally poured out axially as a result of the S-shaped meridian. It proves to be advantageous if the impeller has a support disk. The support disk is preferably turned off at least in some areas. By turning off the outer area of the support disk, an axial distribution is made possible. The result is an S-shaped meridional section. The design leads to a reduced step diameter. This saves material.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Variante der Erfindung ist zwischen dem Laufrad und der Leiteinrichtung ein Raum vorhanden. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich dabei um einen Radseitenraum.In an advantageous variant of the invention, there is a space between the impeller and the guide device. This is preferably a wheel side space.

Die Leiteinrichtung ist mit dem Pumpengehäuse fest verbunden bzw. kann von dem Stufengehäuse selbst gebildet werden.The guide device is firmly connected to the pump housing or can be formed by the step housing itself.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand von Zeichnungen und aus den Zeichnungen selbst.Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to drawings and from the drawings themselves.

Dabei zeigt:

Figur 1
einen Axialschnitt, der ein Laufrad und eine Leiteinrichtung zeigt,
Figur 2
eine perspektivische Darstellung des Laufrads und der Leiteinrichtung,
Figur 3a
eine perspektivische Ansicht mit Stromlinien auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation,
Figur 3b
eine perspektivische Ansicht mit Stromlinien auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation,
Figur 3c
eine perspektivische Ansicht mit Strömungsvektoren auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation,
Figur 4
eine perspektivische Ansicht der Leiteinrichtung,
Figur 5a
eine perspektivische Darstellung der Leiteinrichtung mit Strömungsvektoren auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation,
Figur 5b
eine perspektivische Darstellung der Leiteinrichtung mit Strömungsvektoren auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation,
Figur 5c
eine perspektivische Darstellung der Leiteinrichtung mit Strömungsvektoren auf Basis einer Strömungssimulation.
It shows:
Figure 1
an axial section showing an impeller and a guide device,
Figure 2
a perspective view of the impeller and the guide device,
Figure 3a
a perspective view with streamlines based on a flow simulation,
Figure 3b
a perspective view with streamlines based on a flow simulation,
Figure 3c
a perspective view with flow vectors based on a flow simulation,
Figure 4
a perspective view of the guide device,
Figure 5a
a perspective view of the guide device with flow vectors based on a flow simulation,
Figure 5b
a perspective view of the guide device with flow vectors based on a flow simulation,
Figure 5c
a perspective view of the guide device with flow vectors based on a flow simulation.

Figur 1 zeigt exemplarisch einen Ausschnitt einer mehrstufigen Kreiselpumpe. Die Pumpe umfasst mehrere hintereinandergeschaltete Stufen, von der in Figur 1 exemplarisch eine Stufe dargestellt ist. Dabei ist ein Laufrad 1 auf einer Welle 2 angeordnet. Ein Stufengehäuse 3 umgibt das Laufrad 1. Ein Fluid strömt in axialer Richtung in das Laufrad 1 ein, wird dann in eine radiale Richtung umgelenkt und verlässt das Laufrad 1 schließlich wieder in axialer Richtung. Das Fluid strömt dann in eine Leiteinrichtung 4, die im Ausführungsbeispiel als Leitrad ausgebildet ist und vom Stufengehäuse 3 gebildet wird. Figure 1 shows an example of a section of a multistage centrifugal pump. The pump comprises several stages connected in series, of which in Figure 1 one stage is shown as an example. An impeller 1 is arranged on a shaft 2. A stage housing 3 surrounds the impeller 1. A fluid flows into the impeller 1 in the axial direction, is then deflected in a radial direction and finally leaves the impeller 1 again in the axial direction. The fluid then flows into a guide device 4, which in the exemplary embodiment is designed as a guide wheel and is formed by the stage housing 3.

Das Laufrad 1 weist eine Deckscheibe 5 und eine Tragscheibe 6 auf. Die Tragscheibe 6 ist in ihrem äußeren Bereich abgedreht. Somit erstreckt sich die Deckscheibe 5 in radialer Richtung weiter als die Tragscheibe 6. Dadurch wird ein axial ausschüttendes Laufrad 1 geschaffen, das auch als Zwitter-Laufrad bezeichnet wird. Der Name Zwitter-Laufrad ergibt sich, weil es sich um ein Radialrad handelt, bei dem die Ausströmung jedoch axial gerichtet ist. Dies wird durch das Abdrehen der Tragscheibe 6 in ihrem äußeren Bereich ermöglicht.The impeller 1 has a cover disk 5 and a support disk 6. The support disk 6 is turned off in its outer area. Thus, the cover disk 5 extends further in the radial direction than the support disk 6. This creates an axially discharging impeller 1, which is also referred to as a hermaphrodite impeller. The name hybrid impeller comes from the fact that it is a radial impeller in which the outflow is directed axially. This is made possible by turning the support disk 6 in its outer area.

Zwischen dem Laufrad 1 und der Leiteinrichtung 4 ein Raum 10 vorhanden. Dabei handelt es sich um einen Radseitenraum.A space 10 is present between the impeller 1 and the guide device 4. This is a wheel side space.

Figur 2 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung des Laufrads 1, das auf einer Welle 2 angeordnet ist. Das Fördermedium strömt von dem Laufrad 1 in die Leiteinrichtung 4. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the impeller 1, which is arranged on a shaft 2. The delivery medium flows from the impeller 1 into the guide device 4.

Die Leiteinrichtung 4 umfasst Leitschaufeln 7. Zwischen benachbarten Leitschaufeln 7 werden Leitkanäle 8 gebildet.The guide device 4 comprises guide vanes 7. Guide channels 8 are formed between adjacent guide vanes 7.

Erfindungsgemäß sind am Austritt der Leitkanäle 8 Führungselemente 9 angeordnet.According to the invention, guide elements 9 are arranged at the outlet of the guide channels 8.

Die Figuren 3a, 3b, 3c zeigen, dass sich durch Integration der Führungselemente 9 in die Leiteinrichtung 4 die Strömungsablösung stark verringern lässt.the Figures 3a , 3b , 3c show that the flow separation can be greatly reduced by integrating the guide elements 9 into the guide device 4.

Figur 4 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung der Leiteinrichtung 4. Man erkennt, dass die Führungselemente 9 als Schaufeln ausgebildet sind. Diese weisen eine Krümmung zur Umlenkung der Strömung auf. Erfindungsgemäß ragen die Führungselemente zumindest teilweise in die Leitkanäle 8 hinein. Die Führungselemente 9 erstrecken sich ausgehend vom Austritt der Leitkanäle 8 stromabwärts zunehmend in axialer Richtung. Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the guide device 4. It can be seen that the guide elements 9 are designed as blades. These have a curvature to deflect the flow. According to the invention, the guide elements protrude at least partially into the guide channels 8. The guide elements 9 extend, starting from the outlet of the guide channels 8, increasingly downstream in the axial direction.

Die Figuren 5a, 5b und 5c zeigen Strömungsvektoren auf drei unterschiedlichen Schnittebenen aus einer Strömungssimulation. Die Führungselemente 9 sorgen für eine Umlenkung der Strömung in axialer Richtung.the Figures 5a , 5b and 5c show flow vectors on three different cutting planes from a flow simulation. The guide elements 9 ensure that the flow is deflected in the axial direction.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kombination einer Zwitter-Hydraulik bestehend aus einem Laufrad 1, welches als Zwitter-Laufrad ausgeführt ist, einer Leiteinrichtung 4, welche als Zwitter-Leitrad ausgeführt ist, und der Integration von Führungselementen 9, die als Zwischenschnitt-Schaufeln am Leitradaustritt angeordnet sind, führt zu einer Kreiselpumpe, die eine kompakte Bauform aufweist und dabei einen hohen Stufenwirkungsgrad besitzt.The inventive combination of a hermaphrodite hydraulic system consisting of an impeller 1, which is designed as a hermaphroditic impeller, a guide device 4, which is designed as a hermaphroditic stator, and the integration of guide elements 9, which are arranged as intermediate-cut blades at the stator outlet, leads to a centrifugal pump that has a compact design and has a high level of efficiency.

Claims (6)

  1. Centrifugal pump having at least one axially discharging impeller (1) in the form of a radial impeller, downstream of which impeller there is arranged a guide device (3) having guide vanes (7) between which guide channels (8) are formed, wherein, at the outlet of at least some of the guide channels (8), there are arranged guide elements (9) which are in the form of vanes, which project at least partially into the guide channels (8) and which have a curvature for diverting the flow, characterized in that, proceeding from the outlet of the guide channels (8), the guide elements (9) extend downstream increasingly in the axial direction.
  2. Centrifugal pump according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the impeller (1) has a cover shroud (5).
  3. Centrifugal pump according to either of Claims 1 and 2,
    characterized in that
    the impeller (1) has a rear shroud (6).
  4. Centrifugal pump according to Claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the rear shroud (6) has a smaller diameter than the cover shroud (5) in the radial direction.
  5. Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    a space (10) is arranged between the impeller (1) and the guide device (4).
  6. Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the guide device (4) is connected fixedly to a pump casing part.
EP15798458.4A 2014-11-25 2015-11-24 Centrifugal pump with guiding device Active EP3224483B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014223942.7A DE102014223942A1 (en) 2014-11-25 2014-11-25 Centrifugal pump with a guide
PCT/EP2015/077514 WO2016083382A1 (en) 2014-11-25 2015-11-24 Centrifugal pump comprising a conducting device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3224483A1 EP3224483A1 (en) 2017-10-04
EP3224483B1 true EP3224483B1 (en) 2021-09-29

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EP15798458.4A Active EP3224483B1 (en) 2014-11-25 2015-11-24 Centrifugal pump with guiding device
EP15798457.6A Withdrawn EP3224481A1 (en) 2014-11-25 2015-11-24 Centrifugal pump with axially discharging radial impeller

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DE (1) DE102014223942A1 (en)
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WO (2) WO2016083381A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108953158B (en) * 2018-09-20 2024-07-12 南元泵业有限公司 Multi-outlet centrifugal pump
CN113074138B (en) * 2020-01-06 2022-05-17 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 Diffusion device, fan and dust catcher
RU2735978C1 (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-11-11 Игорь Олегович Стасюк Stage of multistage vane pump
RU2754049C1 (en) * 2020-12-12 2021-08-25 Игорь Олегович Стасюк Stage of a multi-stage vane pump
DE102020133459A1 (en) 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 KSB SE & Co. KGaA Making a diffuser as a group of channels
RU206628U1 (en) * 2021-03-06 2021-09-17 Игорь Олегович Стасюк Stage vane multistage diagonal oval pump

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US1771711A (en) * 1928-01-19 1930-07-29 Voith Gmbh J M Split guide blade for centrifugal pumps
GB489318A (en) * 1937-07-30 1938-07-25 Cebert Boardman Improvements in centrifugal pumps and motors
US2857849A (en) * 1953-11-13 1958-10-28 Joseph R Smylie Motor driven pumping units
US3398694A (en) * 1966-08-11 1968-08-27 Marine Constr & Design Co Submersible pump device for net brailing
DE3315350C2 (en) 1983-04-28 1985-10-03 Klein, Schanzlin & Becker Ag, 6710 Frankenthal Idler for centrifugal pumps
JPH01318790A (en) * 1988-06-17 1989-12-25 Hitachi Ltd Flashing vane of multistage pump
DE3912279A1 (en) 1989-04-14 1990-10-18 Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag Guide wheel for centrifugal pump - has arrangement of different sized flow channels
DE3943273C2 (en) * 1989-12-29 1996-07-18 Klaus Union Armaturen Horizontal centrifugal pump with canned magnetic coupling
JPH11173296A (en) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-29 Ebara Corp Diffuser device for pump
DE19822223C5 (en) 1998-05-18 2005-09-15 Kaefer Isoliertechnik Gmbh & Co Kg Concrete cutter for milling, in particular coated, concrete or screed floors
NL1009759C2 (en) * 1998-07-28 2000-02-01 Vogel Willi Ag Rotation device.
CN103591051A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-02-19 江苏大学 Space guide blade with auxiliary vanes

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DK3224483T3 (en) 2021-12-06
DE102014223942A1 (en) 2016-06-30
WO2016083382A1 (en) 2016-06-02
EP3224481A1 (en) 2017-10-04
WO2016083381A1 (en) 2016-06-02

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