EP3223624B1 - Tierfutterprodukt für zahneffizienz, verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung - Google Patents

Tierfutterprodukt für zahneffizienz, verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3223624B1
EP3223624B1 EP14827667.8A EP14827667A EP3223624B1 EP 3223624 B1 EP3223624 B1 EP 3223624B1 EP 14827667 A EP14827667 A EP 14827667A EP 3223624 B1 EP3223624 B1 EP 3223624B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
food product
animal food
starch
animal
amylopectin content
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EP14827667.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3223624A1 (de
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Dennis Edward Jewell
Matthew Jackson
Christopher WALDY
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Hills Pet Nutrition Inc
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Hills Pet Nutrition Inc
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/179—Colouring agents, e.g. pigmenting or dyeing agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
    • A23K50/42—Dry feed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Definitions

  • Plaque contains bacteria and other components that adhere to the surface of the teeth, accumulating both above and below the gum line leading to inflammation, gingivitis, and/or malodors in the dental cavity.
  • Dental calculus forms on the tooth surface at or above the gum line and serves as a substrate for additional accumulation of plaque. Apart from causing gum irritation and eventually periodontal disease if left untreated, the calculus has an unsightly appearance.
  • EP 1 800 545 A1 discloses an edible composition comprising a pre-activated, vegetable starch source and at least one bridger providing a ionic bond, a hydrogen bond, or a covalent bond.
  • WO 2014/098823 A1 discloses an animal food composition comprising a food component, chitosan, and a benefit agent, wherein the chitosan-benefit agent complex forms a gel at a pH in the range from about 7 to about 8.
  • WO 2013/089842 A1 discloses compositions for use in treating or reducing dental conditions in an animal.
  • US 2013/0273206 A1 describes an all natural protein based wet and dry food in one for pets, comprising a hard outer shell made up of animal based protein, and a soft inner core.
  • EP 0 552 897 discloses a pet chew product having oral care properties.
  • EP 1440 662 discloses a bio-plastics material prepared from expanded starch, and its use in a process for preparing a pet food product.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a dried animal food product for promoting dental efficacy including: 20-60 wt% of a hydrolyzed protein including one or more amino groups, and a high amylopectin content starch including reducing sugars in an amount of 0.5-20% dry weight based on the weight of high amylopectin content starch; wherein the one or more amino groups in the hydrolyzed protein are covalently bonded to the one or more reducing sugars in the high amylopectin content starch, as further defined in the claims.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method of preparing a dried animal food product for promoting dental efficacy of the present disclosure, the method including: preparing a food mixture including a high amylopectin content starch and a hydrolyzed protein, wherein the high amylopectin content starch includes one or more reducing sugars and the hydrolyzed protein includes one or more amino groups, working the food mixture under mechanical pressure and heat sufficient to convert the mixture to a flowable mass and discharging the flowable mass through a die to form an extrudate including the high amylopectin content starch and the hydrolyzed protein, wherein the one or more reducing sugars in the high amylopectin content starch forms a covalent bond with the one or more amino groups in the hydrolyzed protein, as defined in the claims.
  • Also provided herein is a method of preparing a dried animal food product for promoting dental efficacy of the present disclosure including: preparing a food mixture comprising a high amylopectin content starch and a hydrolyzed protein, wherein the high amylopectin content starch includes one or more reducing sugars and the hydrolyzed protein includes one or more amino groups, placing the food mixture into a mold suitable for the animal food; exposing the food mixture in the mold to a dry heat processing, wherein the one or more reducing sugars in the high amylopectin content starch forms a covalent bond with the one or more amino groups in the hydrolyzed protein, as defined in the claims.
  • the present disclosure also provides a dried animal food product of the present disclosure for use in preventing or curing one or more dental conditions, wherein the dental conditions include at least one of plaque, tartar, stains, halitosis, gingivitis, and periodontitis.
  • the inventors recognized that the addition of cellulose could further increase the kilogram-force (kgf) required for breakage of the animal food product without compromising the elasticity of the product. Accordingly, the present animal food product may be efficaciously used to promote the oral health of an animal, for example, by improving the dental cleaning effect of the product.
  • animal food product refers to a food product that is formulated for an animal.
  • animal refers to non-human animals, such as mammals and is particularly applicable to companion animals.
  • companion animals encompasses any animal that lives in close association with humans and is not limited to cats and dogs.
  • animal may also encompass any animal whose diet may be controlled by humans and which may benefit from feeding the formulations disclosed herein. These animals may include, e.g ., domesticated farm animals (e.g . cattle, horses, swine, etc .) as well as undomesticated animals held in captivity, e.g. in zoological parks and the like.
  • Mammalian animals include, for example, non-human primates, such as monkeys and chimpanzees, farm animals such as goats, sheep, swine, horses, cattle, etc., and wild and zoo animals, such as wolves, bears, deer, giraffes, elephants, etc.
  • the term animal further encompasses animals in various stages in life, including lactation, weaning, growth, adult, senior, and geriatric.
  • the animal is an adult, senior, or geriatric animal, and particularly, an adult animal.
  • the present animal food product may be formulated for one or more of these specific types of animals.
  • cat includes those cats that are companion animals known as domestic cats or house cats.
  • cat is synonymous with the term feline.
  • dog includes those dogs that are companion animals such as Canis familiaris, working dogs and the like.
  • dog is synonymous with the term canine.
  • the term "food” encompasses a product or composition that is intended for ingestion by an animal. As described herein, a food may be nutritionally complete or nutritionally incomplete.
  • the term “food” includes any food, for example, a dried food such as a kibble, snack, food supplement, treat, or toy (e.g., chewable and/or consumable toys).
  • supply means a product that is intended to be ingested in addition to the normal animal diet.
  • treat refers to any food item that is designed to be fed to an animal, typically at a non-meal time, by the owner to help, promote or sustain a bonding process between a pet and its owner.
  • Examples of treats for dogs are bones.
  • toys encompasses both partially consumable toys (e.g., toys comprising plastic components) and fully consumable toys (e.g., rawhides and various artificial bones). It should be further recognized that this disclosure contemplates toys for companion, farm, and zoo animal use, and particularly for canine or feline use.
  • treat and "toy” can be considered interchangeable for the purposes of this specification. However, in general, a treat is fully edible and a toy in accordance with the present disclosure has an edible coating.
  • the present animal food product comprises hydrolyzed protein.
  • hydrolyzed protein refers to the chemical reaction of a protein with water to produce two or more smaller molecules, e.g . polypeptides.
  • polypeptide as used herein describes linear molecular chains of amino acids.
  • hydrolysis of the protein may be catalyzed by acids, alkalis, or enzymes. "Hydrolysis” is the underlying reaction in the conversion of proteins to their hydrolysates.
  • the animal food product comprises a hydrolysate in which about 50% to about 95% of the polypeptides have a molecular weight below about 20,000 daltons, below about 15,000 daltons, below about 10,000 daltons, below or about 8,000 daltons, or below or about 5,000 daltons. Yet even more typically, the animal food product comprises a hydrolysate in which at least about 50%, more typically at least about 60%, even more typically at least about 75% or even more typically at least about 95% of the polypeptides have a molecular weight ranging from about 5,000 to about 20,000 daltons, more typically ranging from about 6,000 to about 15,000 daltons and even more typically ranging from about 8,000 to about 10,000 daltons.
  • the animal food product comprising a protein hydrolysate having a molar mass distribution ranging from 8,000 to 10,000 daltons may be obtained by subjecting the protein hydrolysate to well-known filtering procedures or any other procedure known in the art for removing peptides, amino acids, and/or other proteinaceous material having a molar mass of less than 8000 daltons or greater than 10,000 daltons.
  • the term "molar mass distribution" when used in reference to a hydrolyzed protein or protein hydrolysate pertains to the molar mass of each polypeptide present in the protein hydrolysate.
  • a protein hydrolysate having a molar mass distribution of greater than 8000 daltons means that each polypeptide included in the protein hydrolysate has a molar mass of at least about 8000 daltons.
  • the protein hydrolysate may be an animal protein hydrolysate.
  • An animal protein hydrolysate can be, without limitation, a hydrolysate of a protein obtained from the tissue of an animal, such as a tissue from a cow, a fish, an invertebrate, a reptile, an amphibian, or a bird, e.g ., hydrolyzed chicken liver and/or heart.
  • the protein hydrolysate may be a plant protein hydrolysate.
  • a plant hydrolysate includes but is not limited to a hydrolysate of protein obtained from an edible tissue of a plant, e . g ., a grain, a fruit, a root, a tuber, a stem or a leaf.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure includes an amount of hydrolyzed protein ranging from about 20 wt% to about 60 wt%, more typically ranging from about 35 wt% to 40 wt%. Even more typically, the animal food product of the present disclosure includes an amount of hydrolyzed protein ranging from about 37 wt% to 39 wt%.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure includes a starch having a high amylopectin content.
  • the starch of plants commonly contains two types of glucose polymer, amylopectin and amylose.
  • Amylopectin is a very long chain molecule, having a molecular weight greater than 1,000,000 daltons. It is a relatively highly branched homopolymer of ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside consisting of side chains of numerous D-(+)-glucose units. Each unit of glucose is joined by an ⁇ -glycoside linkage to C-4 of the next unit.
  • Amylopectin has a branched structure consisting of numerous chains of about 20 to about 25 glucose units each. One end of each of these shorter chains is joined through a C-1 on a first chain to a C-6 on a second chain, as shown below:
  • the phrase "high amylopectin content" in reference to starch means that the starch has an amylopectin content of at least about 85%, more typically at least about 90%, even more typically at least about 95%, and even more typically at least about 98%. In some embodiments, the high amylopectin content starch contains 99% or more of amylopectin. In some embodiments, pure amylopectin is used with the present animal food product.
  • the high amylopectin content starches for use with the present animal food product may be obtained from or originate from plants such as wheat, corn, barley, triticale, sorghum or rice; the starches of tubers such as potato or cassava; the starches of leguminous plants such as peas, soybeans or beans or any mixtures of these starches. More typically, waxy starches are used, e.g., waxy maize, waxy rice, waxy barley, waxy sorghum, waxy wheat and waxy varieties of root and tuber starches such as those of tapioca and potato. Many waxy starches are commercially available, e.g., ElianeTM 100 waxy potato starch, from the AVEBE Company of Veendam, Netherlands.
  • the high amylopectin content starch of the present disclosure contains reducing sugars.
  • a reducing sugar is any sugar that either has an aldehyde group or is capable of forming one in solution through isomerism.
  • glucose polymers such as starch and starch-derivatives like glucose syrup, maltodextrin and dextrin
  • the macromolecule begins with a reducing sugar, a free aldehyde.
  • the amount of reducing sugars in the high amylopectin content starch may be increased by treating the high amylopectin content starch with enzymes, such as amylase, acid or heat, resulting in partial hydrolysis of the starch.
  • enzymes such as amylase, acid or heat
  • reducing sugars may be formed during storage from seeds or tubers of plants, such as potatoes, before processing into starch.
  • potatoes used to obtain starch may be stored at cold temperatures, e.g, around 4°C to increase the amount of reducing sugars.
  • the high amylopectin starch contains an amount of reducing sugars ranging from 0.5% to 20% dry weight, about 0.5% to 10% dry weight, more typically about 0.5% to 5% dry weight, yet more typically 0.5% to 4%, and even more typically about 0.5% to 3.5% dry weight.
  • the reducing sugar content of the high amylopectin starch in accordance with the present disclosure can be determined by any method known to those skilled in the art, e.g, by methods for reducing cuprotartaric liquors or by colorimetric methods with dinitrosalicylic acid.
  • the reducing sugars in the high amylopectin content starch of the present disclosure may be susceptible to the Maillard reaction (a chemical reaction between an amino acid and a reducing sugar, generally requiring heat). Accordingly, when the high amylopectin content starch comprising the reducing sugars are combined with hydrolyzed protein under suitable conditions, such as during baking, covalent bonds form between the amino groups of the polypeptides, the free aldehyde present in the amylopectin and/or the reducing sugars in the starch derivatives contained within the present high amylopectin content starch resulting in polymers, which provide the structural features contributing to the texture of the present animal food product, which is useful for promoting dental efficacy, such as oral surface cleaning efficacy.
  • the Maillard reaction a chemical reaction between an amino acid and a reducing sugar, generally requiring heat.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure includes between 2 wt% to 75 wt%, such as 7 wt% to 60 wt%, or such as 30 wt% to 59 wt% of high amylopectin starch.
  • the present animal food product further includes a common starch, such as common corn starch.
  • a common starch such as common corn starch.
  • common starch refers to a starch having an amylose content ranging from about 16 wt% to about 70 wt%.
  • the amount of common starch included in the animal food product ranges from about 25 wt. % to about 60 wt%.
  • the composition of the present disclosure further includes fiber.
  • fibers that may be used with the instant animal food product include soy fiber, rice hull fiber, pea hull fiber, oat hull fiber, barley hull fiber, sugar beet fiber, wheat bran fiber and pure cellulose.
  • Dietary fiber sources include cell wall polysaccharides (e.g., cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectins) and non-cell wall polysaccharides (e.g., guar, locust bean gums, gum arabic, gum karaya, tragacanth gums, agar, alginates and carrageenan).
  • the amount of fiber in the present composition is between about 1.0 wt% and about 10.0 wt%., more typically, about 1 wt% to about 7 wt%, more typically from about 1 wt % to about 5 wt%, even more typically about 4 wt% or less.
  • the fiber in the present composition is pure cellulose, such as powdered cellulose, which is commercially available.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure further comprises fats.
  • exemplary fats such as vegetable oils, which may be used with the present animal food product include, but are not limited to, corn oil, olive oil, safflower oil, peanut oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, coconut oil, canola oil, etc.
  • Animal fats include but are not limited to beef fat, pork fat, poultry fat, and fish oils.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure further comprises an antioxidant.
  • the animal food product may include vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin A, lipoic acid, astaxanthin, beta-carotene, L-carnitine, coenzyme Q10, glutathione, lycopene, lutein, N-acetylcysteine, soy isoflavones, S-adenosylmethionine, taurine, tocotrienols, spinach, tomato, citrus fruit, grape, carrot, broccoli, green tea, ginkgo biloba, corn gluten meal, rice bran, algae, curcumin, marine oil, fruits, vegetables, yeast, carotenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and mixtures thereof.
  • the antioxidant-comprising animal food product can comprise vitamin E, vitamin C, or both vitamin E and vitamin C.
  • the vitamin E content of a composition can be at least about 100 ppm, illustratively about 100 to about 5000 ppm, about 250 to about 2500 ppm, or about 500 to about 1500 ppm.
  • the vitamin C content of a composition can be at least about 10 ppm, illustratively about 10 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, or about 20 to about 2000 ppm, or about 25 to about 500 ppm.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure further comprises minerals, additional vitamins and other additives.
  • additional ingredients include but are not limited to iodized salt, L-lysine, choline chloride, potassium chloride, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, calcium pantothenate, biotin, vitamin B 12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin D 3 supplement), minerals (e.g., ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), L-carnitine, preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid, phosphoric acid, beta-carotene, rosemary extract and coloring, e.g. caramel coloring.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure may further comprise at least one of a commercial liquid palatant enhancer or other flavor composition to create a novel flavor palatant which can then be included within or topically applied to the animal food product.
  • a commercial liquid palatant enhancer or other flavor composition to create a novel flavor palatant which can then be included within or topically applied to the animal food product.
  • Suitable commercial liquid palatant enhancers for use with the present animal food product can include any known or commercially available liquid palatant enhancers commercially available and known to those of skill in the art.
  • a kibble, treat, or toy can be coated with a composition comprising the hydrolyzed protein, high amylopectin content starch and optionally cellulose as described herein and a carrier, wherein the carrier comprises protease-treated minced animal by-product, amino acids, one or more reducing sugars and thiamin.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure is a nutritionally complete food.
  • a “nutritionally-complete”, “nutritionally-balanced” or “complete and nutritionally-balanced food” is one that contains all known required nutrients for the intended recipient or consumer of the food, in appropriate amounts and proportions based, for example, on recommendations of recognized or competent authorities in the field of animal nutrition. Such foods are therefore capable of serving as a sole source of dietary intake to maintain life or promote production, without the addition of supplemental nutritional sources.
  • a nutritionally complete food comprises the high amylopectin starch as described herein and optionally other carbohydrates in an amount ranging from 20 wt% to 70 wt%, hydrolyzed protein as described herein and, optionally, other proteins in an amount ranging from about 10% to about 50% protein, crude fiber in an amount of about 4% to about 20%, and fat in an amount ranging from about 4% to about 25%.
  • the nutritionally complete food also comprises the vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and other additives described herein.
  • the animal food product is formed into a kibble.
  • "kibble” refers to particulate chunks or pieces or pellets typically formed by either a pelleting or extrusion process.
  • the animal food products of the instant disclosure, such as kibble have a moisture level less than or equal to 15%, by weight of the food product, more typically 6 wt% to 9 wt% or even more typically 7 wt% to 8 wt%.
  • the dimensions of the kibble may include any desired dimensions.
  • the kibble of the present disclosure is 1-6 cm in all dimensions, such as 1-4 cm and such as 1-3 cm.
  • the width of the kibble is ranges from 3.0 to 3.5 cm
  • the length of the kibble ranges from about 1.7 cm to about 2.7 cm
  • thickness ranges from 1.7 to 2.5 cm.
  • the kibble may be shaped as desired, e.g., a tube, a triangle, a sphere, a cross or a disc.
  • the length which may be the longest dimension of the animal food product, is greater than 0.75 cm, such as 0.75 to 20 cm, such as 2 to 18 cm, or such as 6 to 16 cm.
  • the width is in a range of 0.5 to 10 cm, such as 0.75 to 8 cm, such as 1.0 to 7 cm, or such as 2.0 to 6 cm.
  • the depth may range from 0.5 to 10 cm, such as 0.75 to 8 cm, such as 1.0 to 7 cm, or such as 2.0 to 6 cm.
  • the cross sectional areas may range from 3.0 to 18.0 cm 2 such as 3.2 cm 2 , such as 4.3 cm 2 , or such as 6.5 cm 2 , or, for example, about 12.9 cm 2 .
  • the animal food product is nutritionally incomplete.
  • the animal food product may contribute to the nutritional and colorific content of the animal's diet, the composition is not an independent source of the animal's complete daily nutritional and colorific needs.
  • the animal food product is formed as a treat, snack or a coating for a toy, typically chewable and consumable toys.
  • the animal food product of the present disclosure has a texture such that a probe, having a contact area of about 6.80 mm wide x 1.00, for example, and operated at a speed of about 5 mm/s, for example, penetrates into the formed dried pet food product, such as a kibble, for a distance of at least about 29%, more typically at least about 40%, such as at least about 50% or more typically at least about 70% of the thickness of the formed dried pet food, prior to breaking or crumbling of the formed dried pet food.
  • the probe may penetrate a distance of at least about 10 mm, more typically at least about 12 mm or more typically about 15 mm, prior to breaking of the dried animal food product.
  • the kibble has a thickness of about 17 mm and the probe penetrates a distance of at least about 5 mm, more typically about 8 mm, even more typically about 13 mm.
  • the term "texture” encompasses the elasticity and hardness of an animal food product, which are reflected in the product's resistance to breaking or crumbling and the distance the probe is able to travel. Large penetration distance numbers or percentages are indicative of more elastic products, e.g., products that are more resistant to breaking or crumbling and that contact and clean the teeth longer when chewed.
  • the time period for the probe as described above to penetrate the animal food product until the product breaks is at least 1.0 second, more typically, at least 1.5 seconds, yet more typically 2.5 seconds, even more typically at least 2.7 seconds and yet even more typically, at least 3.0 seconds. In some embodiments, the time period for the probe as described above to penetrate the animal food product is the same as the "contact time.” Contact time may be determined as described in the Examples.
  • the present animal food product has a hardness ranging from 3 to 16 kg-force, such as 3-4kg-force such as 7-14 kg-force and such as, 8-11 kg-force.
  • hardness refers to the peak force of a first compression of a product and provides information about the force needed to produce breakage or crumbling of the product.
  • the animal food product, and particularly the nutritionally-complete animal food products of the present disclosure can be prepared in a dry form using conventional processes.
  • dry ingredients including, for example, high amylopectin starch, hydrolyzed proteins, and optionally, cellulose in the form of powdered cellulose, for example, are ground and mixed together.
  • Moist or liquid ingredients including fats, oils, water, etc ., are then added to and mixed with the dry mix.
  • the mixture is then processed into kibbles or similar dry pieces. Kibble may be formed using an extrusion process in which the mixture of dry and wet ingredients is subjected to mechanical work at a high pressure and temperature, and forced through small openings and cut off into kibble by a rotating knife.
  • kibble is then dried and optionally coated with one or more topical coatings which can include, for example, flavors, fats, oils, powders, and the like.
  • topical coatings can include, for example, flavors, fats, oils, powders, and the like.
  • kibble also can be made from a dough using a baking process, rather than extrusion, wherein the dough is placed into a mold before dry-heat processing.
  • Treats of the present invention can be prepared by, for example, an extrusion or baking process similar to those described above for dry food. Other processes also can be used to either apply a coating comprising the animal food product as described herein on the exterior of existing treat forms, or injecting the copolymer into an existing treat form.
  • the present animal food product is formed into a coating and coated onto a surface of a toy, for example, an artificial bone for a dog or on a surface of a component of the toy.
  • the present animal food product can be incorporated partially or fully throughout the toy.
  • the present disclosure is also directed to a dried animal food product for use in preventing, curing, reversing, attenuating, alleviating, ameliorating, minimizing, suppressing or halting the deleterious effects of one or more dental conditions in an animal, including at least one of plaque, tartar, stains, halitosis, gingivitis, periodontitis, and combinations thereof.
  • the dried animal food product for use of the present disclosure comprises the animal food product described herein to be fed to the animal.
  • the dried animal food product of the present disclosure may be fed to the animal in any desirable from including as a food, such as a kibble, supplements, treats, snacks and toys and the like.
  • the present animal food product can be fed to the animal as a component of its food intake.
  • the food intake of the animal can meet its ordinary nutritional requirements, which a skilled artisan can readily determine based upon the animal's species, age, sex, weight, and other factors.
  • Kibble products were prepared that contained 1) hydrolyzed protein, 2) hydrolyzed protein and high amylopectin content starch and 3) hydrolyzed protein, high amylopectin content starch and cellulose as shown in Table 1, below.
  • the products were formulated as canine treats.
  • dry mixes were prepared using the ingredients described in Table 1. The ingredients were blended in a 3000 lb ribbon mixer. Kibble was extruded using a 115 mm single screw extruder with two die holes using a low shear screw profile. Coconut oil was topically sprayed with pressure onto each kibble product as it mixed in a 300 lb mixer.
  • the kibbles obtained as described above were subjected to texture analysis using a Texture Analyzer.
  • the Texture Analyzer was fitted with a probe having a length of about 10 cm.
  • the contact area of the probe was 6.80 mm wide x 1.00 mm thick.
  • the Texture Analyzer was operated at a speed of about 5 mm/s.
  • Each piece of kibble to be tested was placed on a base under the probe.
  • the probe was moved downwardly and into the piece.
  • the distance of penetration of the probe into the piece, the compression force and the time are recorded at a rate of 200 recordings per second. Breakage of the piece is determined upon a sharp fall off of the compression force.
  • the distance of penetration, the compression force and the time are recorded at the moment of breakage.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a comparison of contact times between two commercially available dog foods, Hill's® Prescription Diet® t/d®, Canine and Purina Dog Chow®. The contact time is determined at the half force height where the probe is in contact with the kibble.
  • FIG. 2 is a force (g) versus time graph for two commercially available cat foods (Science Diet® Feline Adult Maintenance Food and Hill's® Prescription Diet® t/d® Feline, which is used for dental efficacy). As is evident from FIG. 2 , the contact time of the Hill's® Prescription Diet® t/d® Feline is less than the canine diet. See also FIG.
  • Test ID T1 conventional product formulation
  • Test IDs T5, T12 and T13 according to the present disclosure.
  • the contact time of the present animal food products are comparable to those of Hill's® Prescription Diet® t/d®, Canine.
  • Table 4 depicts the dimensions of the kibble (width, length and thickness in millimeters), the distance (millimeters) the probe travels in the kibble before breakage and the percent kibble thickness penetrated before breakage, the contact time (seconds) and the peak force (g) before the kibble begins to crumble.
  • the average peak force for twenty replicates of each formulation is included in the table.
  • the animal food products of the present disclosure are more resistant to breakage than conventional products.
  • the probe when used to penetrate an animal food product of the present disclosure comprising hydrolyzed protein, the probe is able to penetrate from about 6 mm (29.2%) to about 10 mm (46.6%) of the animal food product in a time period ranging from about 1.30 to about 2.15 seconds before breakage of the present animal food product at about 8.9 kg-force and 11.3 kg-force, respectively.
  • the probe is only able to penetrate conventional animal food products, which do not contain hydrolyzed proteins, for a distance of 0.85 mm (4.9%) in 0.17 seconds.
  • the addition of cellulose to the instant animal food product containing hydrolyzed protein and high amylopectin content starch can increase the amount of kg-force required (11.3 kg-force to about 17 kg-force on average) before breaking of the product without a reduction in contact time.
  • the addition of cellulose in combination with the high amylopectin content starch and hydrolyzed protein demonstrated a distance penetrated by the probe of 15.212 mm and 12.640 mm in 3.12 and 2.55 seconds, respectively. See Test ID Nos. T8 and T12. Accordingly, the textural properties of the present animal food product that promote dental efficacy are significantly better than those of standard dried pet food.

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Claims (17)

  1. Getrocknetes Tierfutterprodukt zur Förderung der Zahneffizienz, umfassend:
    20 Gew.-% bis 60 Gew.-% eines hydrolysierten Proteins umfassend eine oder mehrere Aminogruppen; und
    eine Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt, die einen Amylopektingehalt von mindestens 85 % aufweist und reduzierende Zucker in einer Menge von 0.5 % bis 20 % Trockengewicht bezogen auf das Gewicht der Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt umfasst,
    wobei die eine oder mehrere Aminogruppen in dem hydrolysierten Protein kovalent an den einen oder die mehreren reduzierenden Zucker in der Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt gebunden sind.
  2. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 1, das ferner Ballaststoff umfasst, wobei der Ballaststoff wahlweise Zellulose ist.
  3. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Tierfutterprodukt so geformt und texturiert ist, dass eine Sonde mit einer Kontaktfläche von etwa 6,80 mm Breite x 1,00 mm Dicke, die mit einer Geschwindigkeit von etwa 5 mm/s betrieben wird, das Tierfutterprodukt über eine Distanz von mindestens 30% der Dicke des Tierfutterprodukts vor dem Brechen des Tierfutterprodukts durchdringt, wahlweise wobei die Sonde das Tierfutterprodukt über eine Distanz von mindestens 50% der Dicke des Tierfutterprodukts vor dem Brechen des Tierfutterprodukts durchdringt.
  4. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Futterprodukt ein Trockenfutter ist.
  5. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Sonde das Tierfutterprodukt für mindestens etwa 2,5 Sekunden vor dem Brechen des Tierfutterprodukts kontaktiert, wahlweise mindestens etwa 3,0 Sekunden vor dem Brechen des Tierfutterprodukts.
  6. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Kraft zum Brechen des Tierfutterprodukts, die von einer Sonde mit einer Kontaktfläche von etwa 6,80 mm Breite x 1,00 mm Dicke ausgeübt wird, im Bereich von etwa 8 kg-Kraft bis 12 kg-Kraft liegt.
  7. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Tierfutterprodukt ein Trockenfutter ist, wahlweise wobei das Trockenfutter in Form mindestens einer Gestalt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus einem Röhrchen, einem Dreieck, einer Kugel, einem Kreuz und einer Scheibe ausgewählt ist.
  8. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Tierfutterprodukt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus einer Nahrungsergänzung, einem Leckerli und einem Spielzeug ausgewählt ist.
  9. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus einer wachsartigen Maisstärke, einer wachsartigen Reisstärke, einer wachsartigen Gerstenstärke, einer wachsartigen Sorghumstärke, einer wachsartigen Weizenstärke und einer wachsartigen Kartoffelstärke ausgewählt ist, wahlweise die Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt eine wachsartige Kartoffelstärke ist, wahlweise ferner die Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt 99 Gew.-% Amylopektin umfasst.
  10. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 1, wobei das hydrolysierte Protein ein Proteinhydrolysat mit einer Molmassenverteilung im Bereich von 8.000 bis 10.000 Dalton umfasst, wahlweise das Tierfutterprodukt ferner eine gewöhnliche Stärke mit einem Amylosegehalt von etwa 25% umfasst, wahlweise ferner ein Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des Tierfutterprodukts im Bereich von etwa 7% bis etwa 8% liegt.
  11. Tierfutterprodukt nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Tierfutterprodukt ferner mindestens ein Antioxidans umfasst, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Liponsäure, Astaxanthin, Beta-Carotin, L-Carnitin, Coenzym Q10, Glutathion, Lycopin, Lutein, N-Acetylcystein, Soja-Isoflavonen, S-Adenosylmethionin, Taurin, Tocotrienolen, Spinat, Tomate, Zitrusfrüchten, Traube, Karotte, Brokkoli, grünem Tee, Ginkgo biloba, Maisklebermehl, Reiskleie, Algen, Curcumin, Meeresöl, Obst, Gemüse, Hefe, Carotinoiden, Flavonoiden, Polyphenolen und deren Mischungen.
  12. Tierfutterprodukt nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1-11, wobei das Tierfutterprodukt von 35 Gew.-% bis 40 Gew.-% eines hydrolysierten Proteins umfasst, das eine oder mehrere Aminogruppen umfasst, bevorzugt wobei das Tierfutterprodukt von 37 Gew.-% bis 39 Gew.-% eines hydrolysierten Proteins umfasst, das eine oder mehrere Aminogruppen umfasst;
    insbesondere wobei mindestens 95% der Polypeptide ein Molekulargewicht im Bereich von 5000 bis 15 000 Dalton aufweisen.
  13. Tierfutterprodukt nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1-12, wobei das Tierfutterprodukt 7 Gew.-% bis 60 Gew.-% Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt, wie 30 Gew.-% bis 59 Gew.-% Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt, umfasst; und/oder
    wobei die Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt eine Menge an reduzierenden Zuckern von 0.5 bis 10 % Trockengewicht, bevorzugt 0.5 bis 5 % Trockengewicht, stärker bevorzugt 0.5 bis 4 % Trockengewicht, noch stärker bevorzugt 0.5 bis 3.5 Trockengewicht, bezogen auf das Gewicht der Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt, enthält.
  14. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines getrockneten Tierfutterprodukts zur Förderung der Zahneffizienz gemäß den Ansprüchen 1-13, wobei das Verfahren umfasst:
    Herstellen einer Futtermischung, die eine Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt mit einem Amylopektingehalt von mindestens 85 % und 20 Gew.-% bis 60 Gew.-% eines hydrolysierten Proteins umfasst, wobei die Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt reduzierende Zucker in einer Menge von 0,5 % bis 20 % Trockengewicht, bezogen auf das Gewicht der Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt, umfasst und das hydrolysierte Protein eine oder mehrere Aminogruppen umfasst;
    Bearbeiten der Futtermischung unter mechanischem Druck und Wärme, die ausreichen, um die Mischung in eine fließfähige Masse umzuwandeln; und
    Austragen der fließfähigen Masse durch eine Düse zur Bildung eines Extrudats, das die Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt und das hydrolysierte Protein umfasst,
    wobei der eine oder die mehreren reduzierenden Zucker in der Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt eine kovalente Bindung mit der einen oder den mehreren Aminogruppen in dem hydrolysierten Protein bilden.
  15. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines getrockneten Tierfutterprodukts zur Förderung der Zahneffizienz gemäß den Ansprüchen 1-13, wobei das Verfahren umfasst:
    Herstellen einer Futtermischung, die eine Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt mit einem Amylopektingehalt von mindestens 85 % und 20 Gew.-% bis 60 Gew.-% eines hydrolysierten Proteins umfasst, wobei die Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt reduzierende Zucker in einer Menge von 0,5 % bis 20 % Trockengewicht, bezogen auf das Gewicht der Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt, umfasst und das hydrolysierte Protein eine oder mehrere Aminogruppen umfasst;
    Einbringen der Futtermischung in eine für das Tierfutter geeignete Form; und
    Aussetzen der Futtermischung in der Form einer Trockenhitzebehandlung,
    wobei der eine oder die mehreren reduzierenden Zucker in der Stärke mit hohem Amylopektingehalt eine kovalente Bindung mit der einen oder den mehreren Aminogruppen in dem hydrolysierten Protein bilden.
  16. Getrocknetes Tierfutterprodukt gemäß einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1-13 zur Verwendung bei der Vorbeugung oder Heilung eines oder mehrerer Zahnzustände bei einem Tier, wobei der eine oder die mehreren Zahnzustände mindestens einen von Plaque, Zahnstein, Flecken, Mundgeruch, Gingivitis und Parodontitis umfassen.
  17. Tierfutterprodukt zur Verwendung nach Anspruch 16, wobei das Tier ein Haustier ist, wahlweise das Tier ein Hund oder eine Katze ist.
EP14827667.8A 2014-12-19 2014-12-19 Tierfutterprodukt für zahneffizienz, verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung Active EP3223624B1 (de)

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JP6564043B2 (ja) 2019-08-21
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