EP3210653B1 - Stationary fire extinguishing device - Google Patents
Stationary fire extinguishing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3210653B1 EP3210653B1 EP17156026.1A EP17156026A EP3210653B1 EP 3210653 B1 EP3210653 B1 EP 3210653B1 EP 17156026 A EP17156026 A EP 17156026A EP 3210653 B1 EP3210653 B1 EP 3210653B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- capsule
- fire extinguishing
- extinguishing device
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/08—Containers destroyed or opened by bursting charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
- F42B3/06—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure with re-utilisable case
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stationary fire extinguishing device.
- the present invention as defined in the preamble of claim 1 relates to a stationary fire extinguishing device comprising a substantially rotationally symmetrical extinguishing medium-containing container having predetermined weakening lines forming predetermined breaking structures at its periphery, and one substantially along the axis of the container extending gas generator in the form of an explosive containing, provided with an ignition capsule.
- Stationary, ie prepared for permanent attachment in rooms fire extinguishing devices are in various versions of the prior art. For example, refer to the US 2013/0 175 058 A1 . WO 97/19728 A1 . WO 00/15304 A1 . CN 1 01 049 531 A . CN 2 04 219 669 U . CN 1 03 566 508 A . CN 2 00 970 428 Y .
- EP 1 878 471 A1 EP 0 488 937 A2 and EP 390 384 A1 discloses EP 390 384 A1
- the predetermined breaking structures for example in the form of longitudinally and transversely extending score lines, concentrate in such a way on an area (or several areas) of the surface of the container that - after triggering the gas generator - the extinguishing medium is ejected one (or possibly more) predetermined direction (s) over a predetermined range.
- the area of the container, which should remain intact, may be stiffened by crimping.
- the gas generator comprises an extending over the length of the container, at its two end sides connected thereto receiving tube with a arranged therein, the Ignition device and several explosive charges containing explosive pipe, wherein receiving tube and sprinkler tube are thin-walled made of a material of low strength.
- Another stationary fire extinguisher is from the DE 298 21 952 U1 known.
- a longitudinally displaceable piston separates a space filled with extinguishing agent from a pressure chamber.
- gas generator In a fire extinguishing a recorded in the pressure chamber gas generator generates a compressed gas. The corresponding high pressure acts on the piston, which in turn expels the extinguishing agent through a - first closed by a membrane - opening of the container.
- the wall of the container has predetermined breaking points, which in the case of an inadmissibly high pressure development should enable controlled blowing off of the compressed gas.
- the EP 0 488 937 A2 discloses an ignition unit intended in particular for an airbag inflator.
- This comprises a hat-shaped distributor housing and a cap-shaped, also hat-shaped, capsule accommodated therein, but shorter than the distributor housing, which receives the priming charge.
- This has a predetermined breaking point in the form of a circumferential groove so that upon ignition of the priming a cap-shaped lid separates from the rest of the capsule and, buffered by a rubber damper, is thrown against the bottom of the distributor housing.
- the developing at the ignition of the ignition flames leave the ignition unit through the annular gap formed between the two parts of the capsule and aligned thereto, provided in the wall of the distributor housing openings to ignite the actual propellant charge, which is located in a housing in the the ignition unit is inserted.
- the desired function is that in case of fire in the room to be protected, the ignition of the (at least one) there attached fire extinguisher (z. B. by means of an external heat, IR and / or smoke sensor) is triggered, whereby the explosive contained in the capsule detonates.
- the capsule bursts, and the pressure wave released by the detonation spreads in the container and also causes it to rupture, with the container tearing at the container lines of weakness arranged around its circumference.
- the extinguishing medium is expelled by the gases formed during the detonation of the explosive.
- the present invention has set itself the task of remedy this situation.
- a stationary fire extinguishing device of the generic type is provided which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art set out above and, with their use, a particularly reliable effective fire protection can be achieved at comparatively low costs by an improved distribution pattern of the extinguishing medium.
- this object is achieved in that the only one side fixed to a mounting portion relative to the container capsule so extends over only a part of the axial length of the container, that a fixing portion of the opposite free end portion maintains a distance from the container, said Capsule further comprises between the mounting portion and the free end portion has a circumferential capsule weakening line.
- the axial subdivision of the capsule which extends over only part of the axial length of the container, results in a fixing portion fixed to the container (eg its lid) and a free end portion delimited therefrom by means of a circumferential capsule weakening line in a detonation of the explosive, the capsule does not burst laterally, but rather that the free end portion is blasted off, so that the resulting gas in the detonation more or less axially directed escape from the remaining, formed by the now one-sided open attachment portion of the capsule tube.
- the pressure wave spreads on these Way decidedly uniform, symmetrical within the container as in the case of a one-sided lateral bursting of the capsule.
- the gas which leaves the attachment section of the capsule in the axial direction in a targeted manner after the end section has been broken off, supplies the stock of extinguishing medium in the container to a certain extent in the middle, and in this way uniformly places the extinguishing medium in the direction of the entrained on all sides by the ruptured container weakening lines openings.
- the highly reliable distribution pattern for the extinguishing medium resulting in this way makes it possible to limit the number of fire extinguishing devices to be installed in a room to at least substantially the theoretical minimum, which is cost-effective as well as optimal (typically limited) volume of a room to be secured (eg engine compartment of a bus or other commercial vehicle, electrical switching cabinet or distribution cabinet, etc.) especially is cheap.
- the container has a peripheral container casing and a container bottom, wherein in this case the container may in particular have an at least substantially cylindrical basic shape (with a possibly slightly crowned container casing).
- the effects explained above are to a particularly pronounced extent. From the point of view of a particularly simple and cost-effective production is advantageous if the container shell and the container bottom part of an integrally molded, for example, deep-drawn sleeve.
- the container is closed relative to the container bottom by a separate cover.
- the capsule can be firmly connected in the region of its attachment portion with the lid. Even particularly favorable may even be a production of lid and capsule as one-piece component in the sense that the capsule is integrally formed on the lid, for example, the capsule can be closed at the end of its attachment portion by means of the pressed or screwed there ignition device.
- a mounting structure can be provided, by means of which the fire-extinguishing device can be attached to a surface of the room to be secured (wall, ceiling, etc.). The resulting reaction forces in the detonation of the explosive and the ejection of the gases formed from the end open mounting portion of the capsule in this way (via the lid and the Mounting structure) introduced directly into the mounting surface of the room.
- a particularly favorable way to connect the lid with the container wall so that a separation of the two parts reliably fails after detonation of the explosive is that the - slightly conical on its outer circumference - cover in a (corresponding) conical widening the container casing is inserted and the container casing is crimped end side in such a way that it rests against an end face of the lid.
- the attachment is particularly reliable when the container casing is surrounded by a clamping ring in the region of the lid, this form of securing being very useful, especially when using light metal for the production of the container.
- the clamping ring may particularly preferably have a mounting structure, for example in the form of a flange, in which case the mounting of a (further) mounting structure on the cover (see above) is obviously unnecessary.
- the container weakening lines are substantially parallel to the axis and are distributed uniformly around the circumference of the container.
- the container weakening lines In such a container, which has a pronounced (lateral) container casing and a pronounced container bottom (see above), has proved to be particularly favorable if the container weakening lines end a little way in front of the container bottom, so that the container bottom remains sufficiently secure intact ,
- the capsule has a substantially cylindrical basic shape with a capsule shell (optionally formed directly on the container lid, see above) and a capsule bottom.
- the capsule is advantageously completely or at least partially made of light metal. It is also a mixed construction, for example, such that the mounting portion of light metal and the (for example, pressed into the mounting portion) end portion of a harder material, so that the latter upon impact with the container wall (after breaking off the mounting portion) a particularly strong Generated vibration pulse.
- the dimensions of the capsule and the relation between capsule dimensions and container dimensions can be optimized.
- the capsular weakening line subdivides the capsule into a fixed region and a free region such that the length of the attached region is between 25% and 75%, preferably between 35% and 65% of the total length of the capsule accounts.
- the axial length of the capsule is more preferably between 40% and 75%, more preferably between 50% and 65% of the axial length of the container.
- the capsule has a peripheral capsular weakening line between the fastening section and the free end section must by no means be (mis) understood to mean that the capsule weakening line is necessarily a completely annular closed line (eg, an annular groove or notch).
- a completely annular closed line eg, an annular groove or notch.
- the stationary fire extinguishing device shown in the drawing is structurally very simple in that it can be produced by an assembly of only five individual parts. It comprises, as explained in more detail below, a rotationally symmetrical container 1, a lid 2 with molded capsule 3, a clamping ring 4, an igniter 5 and a fixing this in the lid 2 pressure plate 6. Not shown are in the container 1 recorded extinguishing medium and recorded in the capsule 3 explosive.
- the light metal (for example, aluminum) existing Container 1 has a circumferential, cylindrical container jacket 7 and a largely flat container bottom 8.
- Container jacket 7 and container bottom 8 are part of an integrally molded bush 9.
- the bushing 9, ie the container shell 7 has a conical expansion 10.
- the - also made of light metal - cover 2 used accurately, for the purpose of this on its outer circumference 11 - corresponding to the expansion 10 of the container 1 - is executed frusto-conical.
- a tight and firm connection of container 1 and cover 2 in the region of the conical separating surface 13 is ensured by the tightly pushed onto the widening 10 of the container jacket 7, also correspondingly conically executed clamping ring 4.
- This is the end in a mounting structure 15 in the form of a four holes 16 having mounting flange 17 via.
- the fire-extinguishing device has a gas generator 18 extending along the axis X of the container 1 in the form of the explosive-containing capsule 3 provided with the ignition device 5. This is fixed only on one side to a mounting portion 19 relative to the container 1, namely connected to the lid 1 closing the container 1, and thus extends over only a portion of the axial length of the container 1, that the mounting portion 19 opposite free end portion 20 of Capsule 3 maintains a considerable distance from the container bottom 8.
- the lid 2 is centered a capsule 3 extending along the axis X is formed, which is designed as a substantially cylindrical sleeve 21 and has a capsule shell 22 and a capsule bottom 23. In extension of the capsule 3, the lid 2 has a threaded hole 24 comprehensive opening 25.
- the ignition device 5 is used, which is clamped by means of the one - to the threaded bore 25 corresponding - having external thread pressure plate 6 against the running at the transition from the cover 2 to the capsule 3 seat 26 sealingly fitting.
- the pressure plate 6 has a suitable for cooperation with a screwdriver slot 27 and two through holes 28, through which extend the two terminal lugs 29 of the ignition device 5.
- the clamping ring 14 has an opening 30 for the contacting of the terminal lugs 29 by means of a line connecting the ignition device 5 with a triggering device.
- Both the container 1 and the capsule 3 have defined, predetermined breaking structures forming weakening lines.
- six container weakening lines 31 are provided on the container 1 on the outer circumference of the container jacket 7. These have the shape of parallel to the axis X extending grooves 32, wherein the wall thickness in the region of the grooves 32 is reduced to about 25% of the wall thickness of the remaining container shell 7.
- the container weakening lines 31 terminate appreciably, in this case approximately at a distance of 1/4 of the diameter of the container 1 in front of the container bottom 8.
- the container weakening lines 31 also run appreciably, namely again at a distance of 1/4 the diameter of the container 1, in front of the widened portion 10 of the container jacket 7.
- the capsule weakening line 33 is designed as a ring notch 34 of a V-shaped cross-section, which is provided on the outer circumference of the capsule shell 22 and extends in a ring-shaped fashion over the entire circumference in a closed manner.
- this annular notch 34 the capsule 3 is subdivided into the two areas already explained in more detail above, namely the attachment section 19 and the free end section 20.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine stationäre Feuerlöschvorrichtung. Insbesondere betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung, wie im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegeben, eine stationäre Feuerlöschvorrichtung, umfassend einen im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrischen, Löschmedium enthaltenden Behälter, der an seinem Umfang definierte Sollbruchstrukturen bildende Behälter-Schwächungslinien aufweist, und einen sich im Wesentlichen längs der Achse des Behälters erstreckenden Gasgenerator in Form einer Explosivmittel enthaltenden, mit einer Zündeinrichtung versehenen Kapsel.The present invention relates to a stationary fire extinguishing device. In particular, the present invention as defined in the preamble of claim 1 relates to a stationary fire extinguishing device comprising a substantially rotationally symmetrical extinguishing medium-containing container having predetermined weakening lines forming predetermined breaking structures at its periphery, and one substantially along the axis of the container extending gas generator in the form of an explosive containing, provided with an ignition capsule.
Stationäre, d. h. zur dauerhaften Anbringung in Räumen hergerichtete Feuerlöschvorrichtungen zählen in diversen Ausführungen zum Stand der Technik. Zu verweisen ist beispielsweise auf die
Eine andere stationäre Feuerlöscheinrichtung ist aus der
Die
Unabhängig davon, ob der Behälter im Einzelfall mit flüssigem, mit pulverförmigem oder aber einem sonstigen Löschmedium gefüllt ist, besteht die angestrebte Funktionsweise darin, dass im Falle eines Brandes in dem zu schützenden Raum die Zündeinrichtung der (mindestens einen) dort angebrachten Feuerlöschvorrichtung (z. B. mittels eines externen Wärme-, IR- und/oder Rauchsensors) ausgelöst wird, wodurch das in der Kapsel enthaltene Explosivmittel detoniert. Die Kapsel birst, und die durch die Detonation freigesetzte Druckwelle breitet sich in dem Behälter aus und bringt auch diesen zum Bersten, wobei der Behälter an den an seinem Umfang verteilt angeordneten Behälter-Schwächungslinien aufreißt. Durch die dadurch in der Behälterwand entstehenden Öffnungen hindurch wird das Löschmedium durch die bei der Detonation des Explosivmittels entstehenden Gase ausgetrieben.Regardless of whether the container is filled in an individual case with liquid, with powdered or other extinguishing medium, the desired function is that in case of fire in the room to be protected, the ignition of the (at least one) there attached fire extinguisher (z. B. by means of an external heat, IR and / or smoke sensor) is triggered, whereby the explosive contained in the capsule detonates. The capsule bursts, and the pressure wave released by the detonation spreads in the container and also causes it to rupture, with the container tearing at the container lines of weakness arranged around its circumference. As a result of the openings thus formed in the container wall, the extinguishing medium is expelled by the gases formed during the detonation of the explosive.
In der Praxis lässt sich allerdings häufig beobachten, dass die tatsächliche Verteilung des Löschmediums in dem zu schützenden Raum ganz erheblich von der angestrebten gleichmäßigen Verteilung abweicht, namentlich weil nur ein Teil der Behälter-Schwächungslinien aufreißt, so dass das Löschmedium nicht gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Behälters verteilt (sondern vielmehr mehr oder weniger einseitig) aus diesem austritt. Die Folgen sind ein unzureichender Brandschutz in dem zu schützenden Raum oder aber übermäßig hohe Kosten, weil in dem zu schützenden Raum vorsorglich eine erheblich größere Anzahl an Feuerlöschvorrichtungen installiert wird als theoretisch, d. h. bei idealer Funktionsweise der Feuerlöschvorrichtungen erforderlich.In practice, however, it can frequently be observed that the actual distribution of the extinguishing medium in the space to be protected deviates considerably from the desired uniform distribution, namely because only a part of the container lines of weakness ruptures, so that the extinguishing medium does not spread uniformly over the circumference of the container Distributed container (but rather more or less one-sided) from this outlet. The consequences are inadequate fire protection in the room to be protected or excessively high costs, because in the space to be protected as a precaution, a considerably larger number of fire extinguishing devices is installed than theoretically, d. H. required with ideal operation of the fire extinguishing devices.
Die vorliegende Erfindung hat sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, hier Abhilfe zu schaffen. Insbesondere soll eine stationäre Feuerlöschvorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art bereitgestellt werden, welche die vorstehend dargelegten Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet und unter deren Verwendung sich zu vergleichsweise geringen Kosten durch ein verbessertes Verteilungsmuster des Löschmediums ein besonders zuverlässiger effektiver Brandschutz erreichen lässt.The present invention has set itself the task of remedy this situation. In particular, a stationary fire extinguishing device of the generic type is provided which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art set out above and, with their use, a particularly reliable effective fire protection can be achieved at comparatively low costs by an improved distribution pattern of the extinguishing medium.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird diese Aufgabenstellung dadurch gelöst, dass die nur einseitig an einem Befestigungsabschnitt relativ zum Behälter fixierte Kapsel sich dergestalt nur über einen Teil der axialen Länge des Behälters erstreckt, dass ein dem Befestigungsabschnitt gegenüberliegender freier Endabschnitt einen Abstand zum Behälter einhält, wobei die Kapsel weiterhin zwischen dem Befestigungsabschnitt und dem freien Endabschnitt eine umlaufende Kapsel-Schwächungslinie aufweist. Bei einer solchen Gestaltung der Feuerlöschvorrichtung lässt sich im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik - unter ansonsten vergleichbaren Voraussetzungen - auf überraschend einfache Weise und ohne jegliche Mehrkosten ein entschieden verbessertes Verteilungsmuster des Löschmediums erzielen. Dies lässt sich durch mehrere miteinander zusammenwirkende, sich wechselseitig günstig beeinflussende Effekte erklären. Zum einen führt die axiale Untergliederung der sich nur über einen Teil der axialen Länge des Behälters erstreckenden Kapsel in einen an dem Behälter (z. B. dessen Deckel) fixierten Befestigungsabschnitt und einen von diesem mittels einer umlaufenden Kapsel-Schwächungslinie abgegrenzten freien Endabschnitt dazu, dass bei einer Detonation des Explosivmittels die Kapsel nicht seitlich aufplatzt, sondern dass vielmehr der freie Endabschnitt abgesprengt wird, so dass die bei der Detonation entstehenden Gase mehr oder weniger axial gerichtet aus dem verbleibenden, durch den nun einseitig offenen Befestigungsabschnitt der Kapsel gebildeten Rohr austreten. Die Druckwelle verbreitet sich auf diese Weise entschieden gleichförmiger, symmetrischer innerhalb des Behälters als im Falle eines einseitigen seitlichen Aufplatzens der Kapsel. Folglich sind die aufgrund der Druckwelle in der Behälterwand wirkenden Spannungen deutlich gleichförmiger verteilt als nach dem Stand der Technik mit der Folge, dass das Risiko eines Aufplatzens nur eines Teils der Behälter-Schwächungslinien und somit insbesondere eines einseitigen Aufplatzens bzw. Ein-/Aufreißens der Behälter-Schwächungslinien substantiell reduziert wird. Dieser Effekt wird dadurch unterstützt, dass der von dem Befestigungsabschnitt abgesprengte Endabschnitt der Kapsel bei seinem Auftreffen auf die Wand des Behälters (z. B. dessen Boden) für eine massive Erschütterung mit der Folge starker sich in der Behälterstruktur ausbreitender Schwingungen sorgt. Diese starken Schwingungen begünstigen das synchrone Aufplatzen sämtlicher Behälter-Schwächungslinien unter der sich gleichzeitig ausbreitenden Druckwelle. Hinzu kommt weiterhin, dass das Gas, welches - nach dem Absprengen des Endabschnitts - den Befestigungsabschnitt der Kapsel gezielt in axialer Richtung verlässt, den in dem Behälter befindlichen Vorrat an Löschmedium gewissermaßen in der Mitte trifft und auf diese Weise das Löschmedium gleichmäßig in Richtung auf die allseits durch die aufgeplatzten Behälter-Schwächungslinien gebildeten Öffnungen mitreißt. Das sich auf diese Weise mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit ergebende ausgesprochen homogene Verteilungsmuster für das Löschmedium erlaubt es, die Anzahl der in einem Raum zu installierenden Feuerlöschvorrichtungen zumindest im Wesentlichen auf das theoretische Minimum zu begrenzen, was unter Kostengesichtspunkten sowie unter dem Blickwinkel einer optimalen Nutzung des (typischerweise begrenzten) Volumens eines zu sichernden Raumes (z. B. Motorraum eines Busses oder sonstigen Nutzfahrzeugs, elektrischer Schalt- bzw. Verteilerschrank, etc.) besonders günstig ist.According to the present invention, this object is achieved in that the only one side fixed to a mounting portion relative to the container capsule so extends over only a part of the axial length of the container, that a fixing portion of the opposite free end portion maintains a distance from the container, said Capsule further comprises between the mounting portion and the free end portion has a circumferential capsule weakening line. In such a design of the fire extinguishing device can be compared to the prior art - under otherwise comparable conditions - achieve a decidedly improved distribution pattern of the extinguishing medium in a surprisingly simple manner and without any additional costs. This can be explained by several interacting, mutually beneficial effects. On the one hand, the axial subdivision of the capsule, which extends over only part of the axial length of the container, results in a fixing portion fixed to the container (eg its lid) and a free end portion delimited therefrom by means of a circumferential capsule weakening line in a detonation of the explosive, the capsule does not burst laterally, but rather that the free end portion is blasted off, so that the resulting gas in the detonation more or less axially directed escape from the remaining, formed by the now one-sided open attachment portion of the capsule tube. The pressure wave spreads on these Way decidedly uniform, symmetrical within the container as in the case of a one-sided lateral bursting of the capsule. Consequently, the stresses acting in the container wall due to the pressure wave are significantly more uniformly distributed than in the prior art with the consequence that the risk of bursting only a part of the container lines of weakness and thus in particular a one-sided bursting or tearing of the container Attenuation lines is substantially reduced. This effect is assisted by the fact that the end portion of the capsule which has been detached from the attachment portion, when it strikes the wall of the container (eg its bottom), causes a massive vibration with the result of strong vibrations propagating in the container structure. These strong vibrations favor the synchronous bursting of all container lines of weakness under the simultaneously propagating pressure wave. In addition, the gas, which leaves the attachment section of the capsule in the axial direction in a targeted manner after the end section has been broken off, supplies the stock of extinguishing medium in the container to a certain extent in the middle, and in this way uniformly places the extinguishing medium in the direction of the entrained on all sides by the ruptured container weakening lines openings. The highly reliable distribution pattern for the extinguishing medium resulting in this way makes it possible to limit the number of fire extinguishing devices to be installed in a room to at least substantially the theoretical minimum, which is cost-effective as well as optimal (typically limited) volume of a room to be secured (eg engine compartment of a bus or other commercial vehicle, electrical switching cabinet or distribution cabinet, etc.) especially is cheap.
Gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Weiterbildung weist der Behälter einen umlaufenden Behältermantel und einen Behälterboden auf, wobei der Behälter in diesem Falle insbesondere eine zumindest im Wesentlichen zylindrische Grundform (mit einem ggf. leicht balligen Behältermantel) aufweisen kann. Bei solchen Behälterstrukturen mit einem ausgeprägten (seitlichen) Behältermantel und einem ausgeprägten Behälterboden zeigen sich die vorstehend erläuterten Effekte in einem besonders ausgeprägten Maße. Unter Gesichtspunkten einer besonders einfachen und kostengünstigen Herstellung ist dabei vorteilhaft, wenn der Behältermantel und der Behälterboden Teil einer einstückig geformten, beispielsweise tiefgezogenen Büchse sind.According to a first preferred development, the container has a peripheral container casing and a container bottom, wherein in this case the container may in particular have an at least substantially cylindrical basic shape (with a possibly slightly crowned container casing). In such container structures with a pronounced (lateral) container casing and a pronounced container bottom, the effects explained above are to a particularly pronounced extent. From the point of view of a particularly simple and cost-effective production is advantageous if the container shell and the container bottom part of an integrally molded, for example, deep-drawn sleeve.
In konstruktiver Hinsicht ist weiterhin besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Behälter gegenüber dem Behälterboden durch einen separaten Deckel verschlossen ist. Die Kapsel kann dabei im Bereich ihres Befestigungsabschnitts mit dem Deckel fest verbunden sein. Ganz besonders günstig kann sogar eine Herstellung von Deckel und Kapsel als einstückiges Bauteil in dem Sinne sein, dass die Kapsel an dem Deckel angeformt ist, wobei beispielsweise die Kapsel endseitig an ihrem Befestigungsabschnitt mittels der dort eingepressten oder eingeschraubten Zündeinrichtung verschlossen sein kann. Im Bereich des Deckels kann dabei eine Montagestruktur vorgesehen sein, mittels welcher sich die Feuerlöschvorrichtung an einer Fläche des zu sichernden Raumes (Wand, Decke, etc.) anbringen lässt. Die bei der Detonation des Explosivmittels und dem Ausstoßen der gebildeten Gase aus dem endseitig offenen Befestigungsabschnitt der Kapsel entstehenden Reaktionskräfte werden auf diese Weise (über den Deckel und die Montagestruktur) direkt in die Montagefläche des Raumes eingeleitet.In terms of design is also particularly advantageous if the container is closed relative to the container bottom by a separate cover. The capsule can be firmly connected in the region of its attachment portion with the lid. Even particularly favorable may even be a production of lid and capsule as one-piece component in the sense that the capsule is integrally formed on the lid, for example, the capsule can be closed at the end of its attachment portion by means of the pressed or screwed there ignition device. In the area of the lid, a mounting structure can be provided, by means of which the fire-extinguishing device can be attached to a surface of the room to be secured (wall, ceiling, etc.). The resulting reaction forces in the detonation of the explosive and the ejection of the gases formed from the end open mounting portion of the capsule in this way (via the lid and the Mounting structure) introduced directly into the mounting surface of the room.
Eine besonders günstige Art und Weise, den Deckel mit der Behälterwand so zu verbinden, dass eine Trennung der beiden Teile nach der Detonation des Explosivmittels zuverlässig unterbleibt, besteht darin, dass der - an seinem Außenumfang leicht konische - Deckel in eine (korrespondierende) konische Aufweitung des Behältermantels eingesetzt und der Behältermantel endseitig dergestalt eingebördelt ist, dass er an einer Stirnfläche des Deckels anliegt. Besonders zuverlässig ist die Befestigung dann, wenn der Behältermantel im Bereich des Deckels von einem Spannring umgeben ist, wobei diese Form der Sicherung namentlich bei der Verwendung von Leichtmetall für die Herstellung des Behälters sehr zweckmäßig ist. Der Spannring kann besonders bevorzugt eine Montagestruktur, beispielsweise in Form eines Flansches aufweisen, wobei sich in diesem Falle ersichtlich die Anbringung einer (weiteren) Montagestruktur an dem Deckel (s. o.) erübrigt.A particularly favorable way to connect the lid with the container wall so that a separation of the two parts reliably fails after detonation of the explosive, is that the - slightly conical on its outer circumference - cover in a (corresponding) conical widening the container casing is inserted and the container casing is crimped end side in such a way that it rests against an end face of the lid. The attachment is particularly reliable when the container casing is surrounded by a clamping ring in the region of the lid, this form of securing being very useful, especially when using light metal for the production of the container. The clamping ring may particularly preferably have a mounting structure, for example in the form of a flange, in which case the mounting of a (further) mounting structure on the cover (see above) is obviously unnecessary.
Was die Ausführung der Behälter-Schwächungslinien im Detail angeht, so besteht hier ein erheblicher Spielraum. Das Gleiche gilt für die Anordnung der Behälter-Schwächungslinien an dem Behälter. Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung verlaufen die Behälter-Schwächungslinien im Wesentlichen parallel zur Achse und sind gleichmäßig am Umfang des Behälters verteilt angeordnet. Bei einem solchen Behälter, der über einen ausgeprägten (seitlichen) Behältermantel und einem ausgeprägten Behälterboden verfügt (s. o.), hat sich als besonders günstig erwiesen, wenn die Behälter-Schwächungslinien ein Stück weit vor dem Behälterboden enden, so dass der Behälterboden hinreichend sicher intakt bleibt.As far as the execution of the container weakening lines is concerned in detail, there is considerable room for maneuver here. The same applies to the arrangement of the container weakening lines on the container. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the container weakening lines are substantially parallel to the axis and are distributed uniformly around the circumference of the container. In such a container, which has a pronounced (lateral) container casing and a pronounced container bottom (see above), has proved to be particularly favorable if the container weakening lines end a little way in front of the container bottom, so that the container bottom remains sufficiently secure intact ,
Was die Kapsel angeht, so hängt auch deren Gestaltung im Detail von der konkreten, spezifischen Umsetzung der Erfindung im Übrigen ab. In aller Regel ist allerdings vorteilhaft, wenn die Kapsel eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Grundform mit einem (ggf. direkt an den Behälterdeckel angeformten; s. o.) Kapselmantel und einem Kapselboden aufweist. Auch die Kapsel besteht vorteilhafterweise ganz oder zumindest teilweise aus Leichtmetall. Es kommt auch eine gemischte Bauweise beispielsweise dergestalt in Betracht, dass der Befestigungsabschnitt aus Leichtmetall und der (beispielsweise in den Befestigungsabschnitt eingepresste) Endabschnitt aus einem härteren Material besteht, so dass letzterer beim Aufprallen auf die Behälterwand (nach dem Absprengen vom Befestigungsabschnitt) einen besonders starken Schwingungsimpuls erzeugt. In diesem Zusammenhang lassen sich auch die Abmessungen der Kapsel und die Relation zwischen Kapselabmessungen und Behälterabmessungen optimieren. In einer insoweit besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung untergliedert die Kapsel-Schwächungslinie die Kapsel dergestalt in einen befestigten Bereich und einen freien Bereich, dass die Länge des befestigten Bereichs zwischen 25% und 75%, bevorzugt zwischen 35% und 65% der gesamten Länge der Kapsel ausmacht. Und die axiale Länge der Kapsel beträgt besonders bevorzugt zwischen 40% und 75%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 50% und 65% der axialen Länge des Behälters.As far as the capsule is concerned, their design also depends in detail on the concrete, specific implementation of the invention, moreover. As a rule, however, it is advantageous if the capsule has a substantially cylindrical basic shape with a capsule shell (optionally formed directly on the container lid, see above) and a capsule bottom. The capsule is advantageously completely or at least partially made of light metal. It is also a mixed construction, for example, such that the mounting portion of light metal and the (for example, pressed into the mounting portion) end portion of a harder material, so that the latter upon impact with the container wall (after breaking off the mounting portion) a particularly strong Generated vibration pulse. In this context, the dimensions of the capsule and the relation between capsule dimensions and container dimensions can be optimized. In a particularly particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the capsular weakening line subdivides the capsule into a fixed region and a free region such that the length of the attached region is between 25% and 75%, preferably between 35% and 65% of the total length of the capsule accounts. And the axial length of the capsule is more preferably between 40% and 75%, more preferably between 50% and 65% of the axial length of the container.
Nur zur Vermeidung von Missverständnissen ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass die Angabe, wonach die Kapsel zwischen dem Befestigungsabschnitt und dem freien Endabschnitt eine umlaufende Kapsel-Schwächungslinie aufweist, keinesfalls dahingehend (fehl-)verstanden werden darf, dass es sich bei der Kapsel-Schwächungslinie zwingend um eine vollständig ringförmig geschlossene Linie (z. B. eine Ringnut bzw. Ringkerbe) handelt. Zwar ist eine solche vollständig ringförmig geschlossene Linie, insbesondere in Form einer Ringkerbe mit einem V-förmigen Querschnitt, ganz besonders wirkungsvoll. Aber solange dies der dargelegten Wirkungsweise, wonach bei einer Detonation des Explosivmittels der Endabschnitt der Kapsel von deren Befestigungsabschnitt abgesprengt wird, nicht entgegensteht, ist unschädlich, dass die umlaufende Kapsel-Schwächungslinie mehr oder weniger ausgeprägte Unterbrechungen aufweist.For the avoidance of doubt, it should be pointed out that the statement that the capsule has a peripheral capsular weakening line between the fastening section and the free end section must by no means be (mis) understood to mean that the capsule weakening line is necessarily a completely annular closed line (eg, an annular groove or notch). Although such a completely annular closed line, especially in the form of a ring notch with a V-shaped cross-section, is particularly effective. But as long as this does not preclude the stated mode of action, according to which the end section of the capsule is blasted away from its attachment section during detonation of the explosive, it is harmless that the circumferential capsule weakening line has more or less pronounced interruptions.
Im Folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung veranschaulichten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt
- Fig. 1
- die exemplarische Feuerlöscheinrichtung in Seitenansicht,
- Fig. 2
- einen Axialschnitt durch die Feuerlöscheinrichtung gemäß
Fig. 1 entlang der Linie A-A und - Fig. 3
- die Feuerlöscheinrichtung nach den
Figuren 1 und2 in Draufsicht.
- Fig. 1
- the exemplary fire extinguishing device in side view,
- Fig. 2
- an axial section through the fire extinguishing device according to
Fig. 1 along the line AA and - Fig. 3
- the fire extinguisher after the
FIGS. 1 and2 in plan view.
Die in der Zeichnung gezeigte stationäre Feuerlöschvorrichtung ist strukturell ganz besonders einfach aufgebaut, indem sie sich durch eine Montage von lediglich fünf Einzelteilen herstellen lässt. Sie umfasst, wie weiter unten in größerem Detail erläutert, einen rotationssymmetrischen Behälter 1, einen Deckel 2 mit daran angeformter Kapsel 3, einen Spannring 4, eine Zündeinrichtung 5 und eine diese in dem Deckel 2 fixierende Druckplatte 6. Nicht gezeigt sind das in dem Behälter 1 aufgenommene Löschmedium und das in der Kapsel 3 aufgenommene Explosivmittel.The stationary fire extinguishing device shown in the drawing is structurally very simple in that it can be produced by an assembly of only five individual parts. It comprises, as explained in more detail below, a rotationally symmetrical container 1, a
Der aus Leichtmetall (beispielsweise Aluminium) bestehende Behälter 1 weist einen umlaufenden, zylindrischen Behältermantel 7 und einem weitgehend planen Behälterboden 8 auf. Behältermantel 7 und Behälterboden 8 sind dabei Teil einer einstückig geformten Büchse 9. An ihrem dem Behälterboden 8 gegenüberliegenden Endabschnitt weist die Büchse 9, d. h. der Behältermantel 7 eine konische Aufweitung 10 auf. In diese ist der - ebenfalls aus Leichtmetall bestehende - Deckel 2 passgenau eingesetzt, zu welchem Zweck dieser an seinem Außenumfang 11 - zu der Aufweitung 10 des Behälters 1 korrespondierend - kegelstumpfförmig ausgeführt ist. Schematisch ist - mit gestrichelten Linien B - veranschaulicht, dass der Behältermantel 7 endseitig eingebördelt sein und an einer Stirnfläche 12 des Deckels 2 anliegen kann.The light metal (for example, aluminum) existing Container 1 has a circumferential,
Eine dichte und feste Verbindung von Behälter 1 und Deckel 2 im Bereich der konischen Trennfläche 13 wird durch den stramm auf die Aufweitung 10 des Behältermantels 7 aufgeschobenen, ebenfalls korrespondierend konisch ausgeführten Spannring 4 sichergestellt. Dieser geht endseitig in eine Montagestruktur 15 in Form eines vier Bohrungen 16 aufweisenden Montageflansches 17 über.A tight and firm connection of container 1 and
Die Feuerlöscheinrichtung weist einen sich längs der Achse X des Behälters 1 erstreckenden Gasgenerator 18 in Form der Explosivmittel enthaltenden, mit der Zündeinrichtung 5 versehenen Kapsel 3 auf. Diese ist nur einseitig an einem Befestigungsabschnitt 19 relativ zum Behälter 1 fixiert, nämlich mit dem den Behälter 1 verschließenden Deckel 2 verbunden, und erstreckt sich dergestalt nur über einen Teil der axialen Länge des Behälters 1, dass ein dem Befestigungsabschnitt 19 gegenüberliegender freier Endabschnitt 20 der Kapsel 3 einen erheblichen Abstand zum Behälterboden 8 einhält. Im Detail ist an den Deckel 2 mittig eine sich längs der Achse X erstreckende Kapsel 3 angeformt, welche als eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Büchse 21 ausgeführt ist und einen Kapselmantel 22 und einen Kapselboden 23 aufweist. In Verlängerung der Kapsel 3 weist der Deckel 2 einen eine Gewindebohrung 24 umfassenden Durchbruch 25 auf. In diesen ist die Zündeinrichtung 5 eingesetzt, welche mittels der ein - zu der Gewindebohrung 25 korrespondierendes - Außengewinde aufweisenden Druckplatte 6 gegen den am Übergang vom Deckel 2 zur Kapsel 3 ausgeführten Sitz 26 dichtend anliegend verspannt ist. Die Druckplatte 6 weist einen für das Zusammenwirken mit einem Schraubendreher geeigneten Schlitz 27 sowie zwei Durchgangslöcher 28 auf, durch welche hindurch sich die beiden Anschlussfahnen 29 der Zündeinrichtung 5 erstrecken. Für die Kontaktierung der Anschlussfahnen 29 mittels eine die Zündeinrichtung 5 mit einer Auslöseeinrichtung verbindenden Leitung weist der Spannring 14 einen Durchbruch 30 auf.The fire-extinguishing device has a
Sowohl der Behälter 1 als auch die Kapsel 3 weisen definierte, Sollbruchstrukturen bildende Schwächungslinien auf. So sind an dem Behälter 1 an dem Außenumfang des Behältermantels 7 sechs Behälter-Schwächungslinien 31 vorgesehen. Diese weisen die Form von sich parallel zur Achse X erstreckenden Rillen 32 auf, wobei die Wandstärke im Bereich der Rillen 32 auf etwa 25% der Wandstärke des übrigen Behältermantels 7 reduziert ist. Die Behälter-Schwächungslinien 31 enden dabei nennenswert, vorliegend etwa im Abstand von 1/4 des Durchmessers des Behälters 1 vor dem Behälterboden 8. Und an dem gegenüberliegenden Ende laufen die Behälter-Schwächungslinien 31 ebenfalls nennenswert, nämlich wiederum etwa im Abstand von 1/4 des Durchmessers des Behälters 1, vor dem aufgeweiteten Bereich 10 des Behältermantels 7 aus.Both the container 1 and the
Die Kapsel-Schwächungslinie 33 ist als eine an dem Außenumfang des Kapselmantels 22 vorgesehene, sich geschlossen ringförmig über den gesamten Umfang erstreckend umlaufende Ringkerbe 34 mit einem V-förmigen Querschnitt ausgeführt. Durch diese Ringkerbe 34 wird die Kapsel 3 in die beiden weiter oben bereits näher erläuterten Bereiche untergliedert, nämlich den Befestigungsabschnitt 19 und den freien Endabschnitt 20.The
Claims (15)
- Stationary fire extinguishing device comprising an essentially rotationally symmetrical container (1) which contains a extinguishing medium and on its circumference has container weakness lines (31) forming nominal breaking structures, and, essentially extending along the axis (X) of the container (1), a gas generator (18) in the form of a capsule (3) containing an explosive agent and provided with an ignition device (5),
characterised in that the capsule (3), which is only fixed on one side to a fastening section (19) relative to the container (1), only extends over one part of the axial length of the container (1) in such a way that a free end section (20) opposite the fastening section (19) is at a distance from the container (1), wherein the capsule (3) also has a circumferential capsule weakness line (33) between the fastening section (19) and the free end section (20). - Fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the container (1) has a circumferential container shell (7) and a container base (8), wherein preferably the container shell (7) and container base (8) are part of a canister (9) formed in one piece.
- Fire extinguishing device according to claim 2 characterised in that the container (1) has an essentially cylindrical basic shape.
- Fire extinguishing device according to claim 2 characterised in that the container shell (7) is spherical.
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 characterised in that the container (1) is closed off from the container base (8) by a cover (2), wherein preferably the capsule (3) is firmly connected to the cover (2) in the area of its fastening section (19), particularly preferably in that at least the fastening section (19) of the capsule (3) is integrally formed on the cover (2) in one piece.
- Fire extinguishing device according to claim 5 characterised in that the cover (2) is inserted into a conical widening (10) of the container shell (7).
- Fire extinguishing device according to claim 5 or claim 6 characterised in that the container shell (7) is crimped (B) at the end and adjoins an end face (12) of the cover (2).
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 5 to 7 characterised in that an assembly structure (15) is provided in the area of the cover (2) .
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 5 to 8 characterised in that the container shell (7) is applied to the preferably one assembly structure (15) by a clamping ring (4) in the area of the cover (2).
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 2 to 9 characterised in that the container weakness lines (31) end before the container base (8).
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 characterised in that the container weakness lines (31) essentially extend in parallel to the axis (X).
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the capsule (3), preferably made of light metal, is formed in one piece as a canister (21) and has an essentially cylindrical basic shape and a capsule shell (22) and capsule base (23), wherein particularly preferably the capsule weakness line (33) is in the form of an annular notch (34) extending over the circumference of the capsule shell (22).
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 characterised in that the capsule (3) is in multiple parts and assembled from a base having the fastening section (19) and a head that can be detachably fixed thereto.
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 13 characterised in that the capsules weakness line (33) divides the capsule (3) into a fastened area and a free area in such a way that the length of the fastened area makes up between 25% and 75%, preferably between 35% and 65% of the entire length of the capsule (3).
- Fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 14 characterised in that the axial length of the capsule (3) is between 40% and 75%, preferably between 50% and 65% of the axial length of the container (1).
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DE102016103431.2A DE102016103431B3 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | Stationary fire extinguisher |
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EP3210653B1 true EP3210653B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
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CN111829400A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-27 | 葛洲坝易普力(湖南)科技有限公司 | Semi-repeatable fracture tube and method of use thereof |
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CN109260636A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-01-25 | 沈奂 | Automatic fire extinguisher and bottle body |
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FR1060830A (en) * | 1951-02-09 | 1954-04-06 | Graviner Manufacturing Co | Improvements to fire prevention or extinguishing devices |
EP0390384A1 (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1990-10-03 | Kidde-Graviner Limited | Fire extinguishers |
DE4138919A1 (en) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-06-04 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | IGNITION UNIT, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE GAS GENERATOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE occupant IMPACT PROTECTION DEVICE |
DE19544399C2 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-09-18 | Bayern Chemie Gmbh Flugchemie | Extinguishing device for explosion suppression |
WO2000015304A1 (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2000-03-23 | Vladimir Ivanovich Kuznetsov | Powder fire-extinguishing module and variants |
DE29821952U1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 1999-02-18 | Artus R. Klaschka GmbH, 71686 Remseck | Automatic fire extinguishing device |
EP1878471A1 (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-01-16 | Gerardus Johannes Antonius Wilhelmus Kommers | Fire protection system |
CN200970428Y (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2007-11-07 | 查林 | Fire fighting device |
WO2008098950A2 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-21 | Komvoort Innovatie B.V. | Fire protection system and method of manufacturing this |
CN101049531B (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2012-09-05 | 吴思德 | Fire extinguishing apparatus of dry powder |
CN201533961U (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2010-07-28 | 安徽成威消防科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing device container and fire extinguishing device thereof |
US9339672B2 (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2016-05-17 | Warren Watts Technology, LLC | Initiator for fire suppressant canister |
CN103566508B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-09-16 | 苏州东润消防电子发展有限公司 | A kind of automatic fire extinguisher |
CN204219669U (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-03-25 | 青岛骏达和成工贸有限公司 | A kind of fast fire-extinguishing apparatus |
-
2016
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CN111829400A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-27 | 葛洲坝易普力(湖南)科技有限公司 | Semi-repeatable fracture tube and method of use thereof |
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