EP3198624B1 - Electromagnetic actuator and electrical contactor comprising such an actuator - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuator and electrical contactor comprising such an actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3198624B1
EP3198624B1 EP15766858.3A EP15766858A EP3198624B1 EP 3198624 B1 EP3198624 B1 EP 3198624B1 EP 15766858 A EP15766858 A EP 15766858A EP 3198624 B1 EP3198624 B1 EP 3198624B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rib
actuator
blade
active surface
core
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Active
Application number
EP15766858.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3198624A1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Larcher
Vincent GEFFROY
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication of EP3198624A1 publication Critical patent/EP3198624A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H01H50/40—Branched or multiple-limb main magnetic circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/14—Terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/163—Details concerning air-gaps, e.g. anti-remanence, damping, anti-corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for operating an electric contactor, as well as an electric contactor comprising such an actuator.
  • the invention intends to remedy more particularly by proposing a new electromagnetic actuator in which the maneuver of the mobile pallet is improved, without substantial modification of the size of the actuator.
  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1.
  • the ribs reduce the average gap distance between the expansion plate and the movable pallet, which allows effective control of the position of the pallet, with an increase in the magnetic field generated by the coil. constant power.
  • the geometry of the ribs makes it possible to reduce the moving mass and, consequently, to increase the magnetic force at equivalent power and to reduce the intensity of the magnetic force required to maneuver the pallet.
  • the invention also makes it possible to increase the stored electromagnetic energy before the impact of these pads. Because of the reduced air gap, the magnetic circuit is generally closed between the expansion plate and the movable pallet, which induces an increase in the electromagnetic force.
  • the invention also relates to an electric contactor comprising fixed pellets and movable pellets driven by a pallet belonging to an actuator, characterized in that the actuator is as mentioned above.
  • the actuator 2 comprises a fixed part 4 and a pallet 6, movable relative to the part 4 in translation along the longitudinal axis X 2 of the actuator 2.
  • the fixed part 4 comprises a base plate 42, two identical coils 44A and 44B, two identical cores 46A and 46B and an air gap 48.
  • the base plate 42 comprises two identical orifices 422A and 422B each centered on an axis X2A or X2B parallel to the longitudinal axis X2.
  • the coils and cores being identical, only the coil 44A and the core 46A are described in detail.
  • the coil 44A defines a housing 442 around which is wound a coil 444 disposed between two terminal plates 446.
  • the housing 442 of the coil 44A is centered on the axis X2A, while the housing 442 of the coil 44B is centered on the X2B axis.
  • the core 46A comprises a foot 462 sized to pass through the housing 442 of the coil 44A and engage in the hole 422A of the base plate 42.
  • the foot 462 of each core 46A or 46B is extended by a blooming plate 464 which defines a surface S464 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X2A.
  • the blooming plate 464 is rectangular. 466 is an edge of the plate 464.
  • the edge 466 of the expansion plate 464 the core 46A is opposed to the expansion plate 464 of the core 46B.
  • the edge 466 of the expansion plate 464 of the core 46B is opposed to the expansion plate 464 of the core 46A.
  • the edge 466 of the core 46A is the upper edge of its expansion plate 464, while the edge 466 of the core 46B is the lower edge.
  • a rib 468 projecting from the surface S464 towards the pallet 6.
  • the rib 468 is provided with two reinforcements 4682 whose function is to position the cores 46A and 46B within the actuator 2.
  • a spring 8A is disposed between the surface S464 of the core 46A and the pallet 6.
  • a spring 8B is disposed between the surface S464 of the core 46B and the pallet 6.
  • the air gap plate 48 is pierced with two orifices 482A and 482B passages of the springs 8A and 8B.
  • the movable pallet 6 moves in translation parallel to the longitudinal axis X2, between a first position P0, remote from the air gap plate 48 and the expansion plates 464, this position being represented in FIGS. Figures 5 to 7 , and a second position P1, close to the active surface S464 and resting between the air gap plate 48. In this other position, the movable pallet 6 is positioned between the ribs 468. Note C the stroke of the movable pallet 6 between these two positions P0 and P1.
  • L6 is the length of the pallet 6, measured perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis X2 and parallel to a plane containing the axes X2A and X2B.
  • e6 the thickness of the pallet 6, measured parallel to the axis X2.
  • D468 is the distance between the ribs 468 of the cores 46A and 46B, measured perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis X2 and parallel to a plane comprising the axis X2A and the axis X2B.
  • the length L6 is less than the distance d468, which allows the pallet 6 to engage between the ribs 468 of the cores 46A and 46B in approaching the surfaces S464. Thus, the pallet 6 can slide along each rib 468 along the axis X2.
  • L48 the length of the gap plate 48, measured parallel to the length L6.
  • the length L48 is less than the distance d468, which makes it possible to place the air gap plate 48 on the surfaces S464, between the ribs 468 of the cores 46A and 46B.
  • H468 is the height of a rib 468 measured from the surface S464 parallel to the axis X2 outside the reinforcements 4682.
  • the ratio between the height H468 and the thickness e6 is between 0.1 and 1.0 preferably between 0.2 and 0.9.
  • the ratio between the height H468 and the stroke C of the pallet 6 is between 0.1 and 1.5, preferably between 0.2 and 0.9.
  • I468 denotes the width of the rib 468, measured parallel to the active surface S464 and perpendicular to the adjacent edge 466, outside the reinforcements 4682.
  • the ratio between the width I468 and the stroke C of the pallet 6 is between 0.1 and 1.2, preferably between 0.2 and 0.7.
  • the width of the rib is a compromise between its induction level, the gain of effort and the gain of the mass of the pallet.
  • the height H468 is between 1 and 5 mm, and the width I468 is between 1 and 4 mm.
  • the cores 46A and 46B are monoblock, for example, made by metal sintering.
  • the expansion plate 464 and the rib 468 are monoblock and reported, for example by welding, on the foot 462.
  • the foot 462, the expansion plate 464 and the rib 468 of the cores 46A and 46B are made separately and assembled together, for example by welding.
  • the figure 3 shows magnetic field lines L m extending between the movable pallet 6 and the core 46A and 46B due to the magnetic field generated by the coils 44A and 44B. It will be noted in this figure that the magnetic field lines L m close again through the base plate 42 which thus constitutes a magnetic flux return element.
  • L mf of the field lines magnetic closure which extend, on the one hand, between the edge 62A and the rib 468 of the core 46A and, on the other hand, between the edge 62B and the rib 468 of the core 46B.
  • the closing magnetic field lines L mf pass through an air gap E which is substantially less thick than the air gap E 'that exists between the mobile pallet 6' and the expansion plates 464 'of an actuator according to the prior art shown in FIG. the figure 4 .
  • the ribs 468 make it possible to increase, in certain phases of use of the contactor 200, the intensity of the electromagnetic field between the pallet 6 and the cores 46A and 46B, compared to the prior art.
  • the magnetic field resulting from the low gap E allows effective control of the position of the movable pallet 6 along the axis X2.
  • the actuator 2 is integrated with an electric contactor 200.
  • the electric contactor 200 comprises a first fixed track 202 which extends from a blocking zone 204 of an electrical conductor and supports a fixed contact pad 206.
  • the contactor 200 also comprises a second fixed track 212 which extends between a connection zone 214 for an electrical conductor and a fixed contact pad 216.
  • the electric contactor 200 also comprises two movable contact pads 208 and 218 mounted on a bridge mobile 210.
  • This movable bridge 210 is loaded by a spring 220, parallel to the axis X2 and in the direction of the movable pallet 6.
  • a movable contact carrier 222 is interposed between the movable bridge 210 and the movable pallet 6.
  • Each of the Tracks 202 and 212 form a streamline.
  • the position P0 represents the first position, remote from the moving pallet 6 with respect to the surface S464.
  • the position P1 represents the second close position, where the movable pallet 6 bears against the air gap plate 48.
  • the position P2 represents an intermediate position where the movable pads 208 and 218 come into contact with the fixed pellets. 206 and 216 going from the position P0 to the position P1.
  • the distance between the positions P0 and P1 represents the stroke C.
  • the resistive mechanical force generated by the springs 8A and 8B increases linearly as shown on the part right of the curve C1.
  • the continued movement of the movable pallet 6 induces the separation of the movable contact holder 222 and the movable bridge 210, as well as the compression of the spring 220 whose stiffness constant is added to that of the springs 8A and 8B.
  • the curve C1 therefore has a greater slope from the P2 position between the P0 and P2 positions.
  • curve C2 represents the magnetic force exerted by the actuator according to the prior art
  • curve C3 represents the magnetic force exerted by an actuator according to the invention.
  • the ribs 468 the curve C3 is above the curve C2 between the positions P0 and P3.
  • the magnetic force is greater with the ribs 468 than without these ribs.
  • the curve C3 is below the curve C2.
  • the magnetic force used in the actuator 2 according to the invention is less than the magnetic force used in an actuator according to the invention. the prior art.
  • the addition of these ribs 468 makes it possible to generate an additional magnetic force where necessary between the positions P0 and P3, and to reduce it where it is not necessary, between the positions P3 and P1.
  • ribs 468 extend over the entire length of the edges 466, which allows them to participate in the closure of the field lines over the entire width 16 of the moving pallet 6.
  • a rib 468 may be interrupted along the length or extend only over part of the adjacent edge 466.
  • the invention is described above in the case of an actuator with two coils, two cores and two ribs. It is applicable to a single-coil actuator, in which case the geometry of the magnetic flux return element, which corresponds to the base plate 42 of the example of the figures, is adapted.
  • rib-like ribs 468 may be provided on three adjacent edges of a blooming plate 464 outside the nearest edge of the other blooming plate.
  • the invention can have a maximum of six ribs.
  • the embodiments and variants mentioned above may be combined to generate new embodiments of the invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un actionneur électromagnétique de manœuvre d'un contacteur électrique, ainsi qu'un contacteur électrique comprenant un tel actionneur.The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for operating an electric contactor, as well as an electric contactor comprising such an actuator.

Dans le domaine des actionneurs électromagnétiques, il est connu, par exemple de FR-A-2 979 745 , d'utiliser des bobines pour générer un champ magnétique afin de contrôler une palette mobile chargée par des ressorts. La puissance électromagnétique nécessaire pour manœuvrer la palette est élevée à cause, notamment, du fort entrefer entre la palette et une plaque d'épanouissement qui prolonge un noyau inséré dans chaque bobine. Une approche pour réduire cette puissance consiste à augmenter la surface active d'appel de la plaque d'épanouissement et de la palette. Ceci induit une augmentation de la masse mobile, c'est-à-dire de la masse de la palette, et un surdimensionnement du ressort de rappel pour respecter les performances requises de tenue aux chocs. Ce surdimensionnement du ressort conduit à une augmentation de la puissance électromagnétique nécessaire. On obtient donc l'inverse de l'effet recherché. Selon une autre approche, on peut réduire la constante de raideur du ressort de rappel. Ceci diminue les performances de tenue aux chocs de l'actionneur, ce qui n'est pas acceptable.In the field of electromagnetic actuators, it is known, for example FR-A-2 979 745 , using coils to generate a magnetic field to control a movable pallet loaded by springs. The electromagnetic power required to maneuver the pallet is high due, in particular, to the high gap between the pallet and a blooming plate which extends a core inserted in each coil. One approach to reduce this power is to increase the active calling area of the bloom plate and paddle. This induces an increase in the moving mass, that is to say the mass of the pallet, and an oversizing of the return spring to meet the required performance of shock resistance. This over-sizing of the spring leads to an increase in the electromagnetic power required. We thus obtain the inverse of the desired effect. According to another approach, it is possible to reduce the stiffness constant of the return spring. This decreases the impact resistance performance of the actuator, which is not acceptable.

C'est à ces inconvénients qu'entend plus particulièrement remédier l'invention en proposant un nouvel actionneur électromagnétique dans lequel la manœuvre de la palette mobile est améliorée, sans modification substantielle de l'encombrement de l'actionneur.It is these drawbacks that the invention intends to remedy more particularly by proposing a new electromagnetic actuator in which the maneuver of the mobile pallet is improved, without substantial modification of the size of the actuator.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un actionneur électromagnétique selon la revendication 1.For this purpose, the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1.

Grâce à l'invention, les nervures diminuent la distance moyenne d'entrefer entre la plaque d'épanouissement et la palette mobile, ce qui permet un contrôle efficace de la position de la palette, avec une augmentation du champ magnétique généré par la bobine à puissance constante. En fait, la géométrie des nervures permet de réduire la masse mobile et, par voie de conséquence d'augmenter l'effort magnétique à puissance équivalente et de réduire l'intensité de l'effort magnétique nécessaire à la manœuvre de la palette. Dans le cadre de l'utilisation de l'actionneur au sein d'un contacteur électrique à pastilles fixes et mobiles, l'invention permet également d'augmenter l'énergie électromagnétique emmagasinée avant l'impact de ces pastilles. Du fait de l'entrefer réduit, le circuit magnétique est globalement fermé entre la plaque d'épanouissement et la palette mobile, ce qui induit une augmentation de l'effort électromagnétique.Thanks to the invention, the ribs reduce the average gap distance between the expansion plate and the movable pallet, which allows effective control of the position of the pallet, with an increase in the magnetic field generated by the coil. constant power. In fact, the geometry of the ribs makes it possible to reduce the moving mass and, consequently, to increase the magnetic force at equivalent power and to reduce the intensity of the magnetic force required to maneuver the pallet. In the context of the use of the actuator within an electric contactor with fixed and mobile pads, the invention also makes it possible to increase the stored electromagnetic energy before the impact of these pads. Because of the reduced air gap, the magnetic circuit is generally closed between the expansion plate and the movable pallet, which induces an increase in the electromagnetic force.

Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, un tel actionneur électromagnétique peut incorporer une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises dans toute combinaison techniquement admissible :

  • Les dimensions de la palette, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de translation, sont compatibles avec son rapprochement de la surface active, le long de la nervure, pour atteindre la deuxième position.
  • La partie fixe inclut deux bobines, un noyau installé dans chaque bobine, alors que la plaque d'épanouissement de chaque noyau est pourvue d'au moins une nervure ménagée au niveau de son bord opposé à l'autre plaque d'épanouissement.
  • La nervure s'étend sur toute la longueur du bord au niveau duquel elle est ménagée.
  • La nervure est monobloc avec la plaque d'épanouissement.
  • La partie fixe inclut une cale d'entrefer, dont les dimensions sont compatibles avec sa mise en place sur la surface active à côté de la nervure.
  • Le rapport entre la hauteur de la nervure, mesurée parallèlement à l'axe de translation de la palette, et l'épaisseur de la palette, mesurée parallèlement à cette direction, est compris entre 0,1 et 1,0, de préférence entre 0,2 et 0,9.
  • Le rapport entre la largeur de la nervure, mesurée parallèlement à la surface active et perpendiculairement au bord le long duquel est ménagée la nervure, et la course de la palette, définie entre ses première et deuxième positions, est compris entre 0,1 et 1,2, de préférence entre 0,2 et 0,7.
According to advantageous but non-obligatory aspects of the invention, such an electromagnetic actuator may incorporate one or more of the following features, taken in any technically permissible combination:
  • The dimensions of the pallet, in a plane perpendicular to the translation axis, are compatible with its approximation of the active surface, along the rib, to reach the second position.
  • The fixed part includes two coils, one core installed in each coil, while the expansion plate of each core is provided with at least one rib formed at its edge opposite the other expansion plate.
  • The rib extends over the entire length of the edge at which it is arranged.
  • The rib is monobloc with the blooming plate.
  • The fixed part includes an air gap, the dimensions of which are compatible with its placement on the active surface next to the rib.
  • The ratio between the height of the rib, measured parallel to the axis of translation of the pallet, and the thickness of the pallet, measured parallel to this direction, is between 0.1 and 1.0, preferably between 0. , 2 and 0.9.
  • The ratio between the width of the rib, measured parallel to the active surface and perpendicular to the edge along which the rib is formed, and the stroke of the pallet, defined between its first and second positions, is between 0.1 and 1 , 2, preferably between 0.2 and 0.7.

L'invention concerne également un contacteur électrique comprenant des pastilles fixes et des pastilles mobiles entraînées par une palette appartenant à un actionneur caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur est tel que mentionné ci-dessus.The invention also relates to an electric contactor comprising fixed pellets and movable pellets driven by a pallet belonging to an actuator, characterized in that the actuator is as mentioned above.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation d'un actionneur électromagnétique et d'un contacteur électrique conformes à son principe, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un actionneur électromagnétique conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective éclatée de l'actionneur de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est un diagramme représentant la répartition des lignes de champ magnétique entre la palette mobile et la partie fixe de l'actionneur des figures 1 et 2 dans le plan de coupe III à la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une figure analogue à la figure 3 pour un actionneur conforme à l'art antérieur ;
  • la figure 5 est une coupe d'un contacteur électrique incorporant l'actionneur des figures 1 et 2. Le plan de coupe de la figure 5 est confondu avec le plan III à la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue à plus grande échelle de l'encadré VI à la figure 5 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue à plus grande échelle de l'encadré VII à la figure 5 ;
  • la figure 8 est un diagramme représentant un effort mécanique exercé par des ressorts de l'actionneur des figures 1 et 2 et des efforts magnétiques présents, d'une part dans cet actionneur et d'autre part dans un autre actionneur conforme à l'art antérieur, en fonction de la position de la palette mobile par rapport à la plaque d'épanouissement ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue à plus grande échelle de l'encadré IX à la figure 8.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of an embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator and an electric contactor according to its principle, given only by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the actuator of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a diagram representing the distribution of the magnetic field lines between the moving pallet and the fixed part of the actuator of the figures 1 and 2 in sectional plane III to the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 4 is a figure similar to the figure 3 for an actuator according to the prior art;
  • the figure 5 is a section of an electrical contactor incorporating the actuator figures 1 and 2 . The cutting plan of the figure 5 is confused with plan III at the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 6 is a larger-scale view of Box VI at figure 5 ;
  • the figure 7 is a larger-scale view of Box VII at figure 5 ;
  • the figure 8 is a diagram representing a mechanical force exerted by springs of the actuator of figures 1 and 2 and magnetic forces present on the one hand in this actuator and on the other hand in another actuator according to the prior art, depending on the position of the movable pallet with respect to the expansion plate;
  • the figure 9 is a larger-scale view of Box IX at figure 8 .

Sur les figures 1 et 2 est représenté un actionneur électromagnétique 2 destiné à être intégré à un contacteur électrique 200 représenté à la figure 5. L'actionneur 2 comprend une partie fixe 4 et une palette 6, mobile par rapport à la partie 4 en translation selon l'axe longitudinal X2 de l'actionneur 2.On the figures 1 and 2 there is shown an electromagnetic actuator 2 intended to be integrated with an electric contactor 200 shown in FIG. figure 5 . The actuator 2 comprises a fixed part 4 and a pallet 6, movable relative to the part 4 in translation along the longitudinal axis X 2 of the actuator 2.

La partie fixe 4 comprend une plaque de base 42, deux bobines identiques 44A et 44B, deux noyaux identiques 46A et 46B et une cale d'entrefer 48. La plaque de base 42 comprend deux orifices identiques 422A et 422B centrés chacun sur un axe X2A ou X2B parallèles à l'axe longitudinal X2. Les bobines et les noyaux étant identiques, seuls la bobine 44A et le noyau 46A sont décrits en détail. La bobine 44A définit un logement 442 autour duquel est enroulé un bobinage 444 disposé entre deux plaques terminales 446. Le logement 442 de la bobine 44A est centré sur l'axe X2A, alors que le logement 442 de la bobine 44B est centré sur l'axe X2B. Le noyau 46A comprend un pied 462 dimensionné pour traverser le logement 442 de la bobine 44A et s'engager dans l'orifice 422A de la plaque de base 42. Le pied 462 de chaque noyau 46A ou 46B est prolongé par une plaque d'épanouissement 464 qui définit une surface S464 perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal X2A.The fixed part 4 comprises a base plate 42, two identical coils 44A and 44B, two identical cores 46A and 46B and an air gap 48. The base plate 42 comprises two identical orifices 422A and 422B each centered on an axis X2A or X2B parallel to the longitudinal axis X2. The coils and cores being identical, only the coil 44A and the core 46A are described in detail. The coil 44A defines a housing 442 around which is wound a coil 444 disposed between two terminal plates 446. The housing 442 of the coil 44A is centered on the axis X2A, while the housing 442 of the coil 44B is centered on the X2B axis. The core 46A comprises a foot 462 sized to pass through the housing 442 of the coil 44A and engage in the hole 422A of the base plate 42. The foot 462 of each core 46A or 46B is extended by a blooming plate 464 which defines a surface S464 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X2A.

La plaque d'épanouissement 464 est rectangulaire. On note 466 un bord de la plaque 464. En considérant les deux plaques d'épanouissement 464 des noyaux 46A et 46B en place dans les bobines 44A et 44B et dans la plaque de base 42, le bord 466 de la plaque d'épanouissement 464 du noyau 46A est opposé à la plaque d'épanouissement 464 du noyau 46B. De même le bord 466 de la plaque d'épanouissement 464 du noyau 46B est opposé à la plaque d'épanouissement 464 du noyau 46A. Dans la présentation de la figure 2, le bord 466 du noyau 46A est le bord supérieur de sa plaque d'épanouissement 464, alors que le bord 466 du noyau 46B est le bord inférieur.The blooming plate 464 is rectangular. 466 is an edge of the plate 464. By considering the two expansion plates 464 of the cores 46A and 46B in place in the coils 44A and 44B and in the base plate 42, the edge 466 of the expansion plate 464 the core 46A is opposed to the expansion plate 464 of the core 46B. Similarly, the edge 466 of the expansion plate 464 of the core 46B is opposed to the expansion plate 464 of the core 46A. In the presentation of the figure 2 the edge 466 of the core 46A is the upper edge of its expansion plate 464, while the edge 466 of the core 46B is the lower edge.

Le long du bord 466 de la plaque d'épanouissement 464 s'étend une nervure 468 qui est en saillie, par rapport à la surface S464, en direction de la palette 6. La nervure 468 est pourvue de deux renforts 4682 dont la fonction est de positionner les noyaux 46A et 46B au sein de l'actionneur 2.Along the edge 466 of the expansion plate 464 extends a rib 468 projecting from the surface S464 towards the pallet 6. The rib 468 is provided with two reinforcements 4682 whose function is to position the cores 46A and 46B within the actuator 2.

Un ressort 8A est disposé entre la surface S464 du noyau 46A et la palette 6. De même un ressort 8B est disposé entre la surface S464 du noyau 46B et la palette 6. La plaque d'entrefer 48 est percée de deux orifices 482A et 482B des passages des ressorts 8A et 8B.A spring 8A is disposed between the surface S464 of the core 46A and the pallet 6. Likewise a spring 8B is disposed between the surface S464 of the core 46B and the pallet 6. The air gap plate 48 is pierced with two orifices 482A and 482B passages of the springs 8A and 8B.

La palette mobile 6 se déplace en translation parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal X2, entre une première position P0, éloignée de la plaque d'entrefer 48 et des plaques d'épanouissement 464, cette position étant représentée aux figures 5 à 7, et une deuxième position P1, proche de la surface active S464 et en appui entre la plaque d'entrefer 48. Dans cette autre position, la palette mobile 6 est positionnée entre les nervures 468. On note C la course de la palette mobile 6 entre ces deux positions P0 et P1.The movable pallet 6 moves in translation parallel to the longitudinal axis X2, between a first position P0, remote from the air gap plate 48 and the expansion plates 464, this position being represented in FIGS. Figures 5 to 7 , and a second position P1, close to the active surface S464 and resting between the air gap plate 48. In this other position, the movable pallet 6 is positioned between the ribs 468. Note C the stroke of the movable pallet 6 between these two positions P0 and P1.

On note L6 la longueur de la palette 6, mesurée perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal X2 et parallèlement à un plan contenant les axes X2A et X2B. On note I6 la largeur de la palette 6, mesurée perpendiculairement à l'axe X2 et à la longueur L6. On note e6 l'épaisseur de la palette 6, mesurée parallèlement à l'axe X2. On note d468 la distance entre les nervures 468 des noyaux 46A et 46B, mesurée perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal X2 et parallèlement à un plan comprenant l'axe X2A et l'axe X2B. La longueur L6 est inférieure à la distance d468, ce qui permet à la palette 6 de s'engager entre les nervures 468 des noyaux 46A et 46B en se rapprochant des surfaces S464. Ainsi, la palette 6 peut coulisser le long de chaque nervure 468, selon l'axe X2.L6 is the length of the pallet 6, measured perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis X2 and parallel to a plane containing the axes X2A and X2B. We note I6 width of the pallet 6, measured perpendicularly to the axis X2 and the length L6. Note e6 the thickness of the pallet 6, measured parallel to the axis X2. D468 is the distance between the ribs 468 of the cores 46A and 46B, measured perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis X2 and parallel to a plane comprising the axis X2A and the axis X2B. The length L6 is less than the distance d468, which allows the pallet 6 to engage between the ribs 468 of the cores 46A and 46B in approaching the surfaces S464. Thus, the pallet 6 can slide along each rib 468 along the axis X2.

On note L48 la longueur de la plaque d'entrefer 48, mesurée parallèlement à la longueur L6. La longueur L48 est inférieure à la distance d468, ce qui permet de poser la plaque d'entrefer 48 sur les surfaces S464, entre les nervures 468 des noyaux 46A et 46B.Note L48 the length of the gap plate 48, measured parallel to the length L6. The length L48 is less than the distance d468, which makes it possible to place the air gap plate 48 on the surfaces S464, between the ribs 468 of the cores 46A and 46B.

On note H468 la hauteur d'une nervure 468 mesurée à partir de la surface S464 parallèlement à l'axe X2 en dehors des renforts 4682. Le rapport entre la hauteur H468 et l'épaisseur e6 est compris entre 0,1 et 1,0, de préférence entre 0,2 et 0,9. D'autre part, le rapport entre la hauteur H468 et la course C de la palette 6 est compris entre 0,1 et 1,5, de préférence entre 0,2 et 0,9.H468 is the height of a rib 468 measured from the surface S464 parallel to the axis X2 outside the reinforcements 4682. The ratio between the height H468 and the thickness e6 is between 0.1 and 1.0 preferably between 0.2 and 0.9. On the other hand, the ratio between the height H468 and the stroke C of the pallet 6 is between 0.1 and 1.5, preferably between 0.2 and 0.9.

On note I468 la largeur de la nervure 468, mesurée parallèlement à la surface active S464 et perpendiculairement au bord 466 adjacent, en dehors des renforts 4682. Le rapport entre la largeur I468 et la course C de la palette 6 est compris entre 0,1 et 1,2, de préférence entre 0,2 et 0,7. En réalité la largeur de la nervure est un compromis entre son niveau d'induction, le gain d'effort et le gain de la masse de la palette.I468 denotes the width of the rib 468, measured parallel to the active surface S464 and perpendicular to the adjacent edge 466, outside the reinforcements 4682. The ratio between the width I468 and the stroke C of the pallet 6 is between 0.1 and 1.2, preferably between 0.2 and 0.7. In reality, the width of the rib is a compromise between its induction level, the gain of effort and the gain of the mass of the pallet.

A titre d'exemple, dans les cas d'une course C égale à 5,5 mm, la hauteur H468 est comprise entre 1 et 5 mm, et la largeur I468 est comprise entre 1 et 4 mm.By way of example, in the case of a stroke C equal to 5.5 mm, the height H468 is between 1 and 5 mm, and the width I468 is between 1 and 4 mm.

Les noyaux 46A et 46B sont monoblocs, par exemple, réalisés par frittage de métal. En variante, la plaque d'épanouissement 464 et la nervure 468 sont monoblocs et rapportées, par exemple par soudage, sur le pied 462. Selon une autre variante, le pied 462, la plaque d'épanouissement 464 et la nervure 468 des noyaux 46A et 46B sont réalisés de façon séparée et assemblés ensemble, par exemple par soudage.The cores 46A and 46B are monoblock, for example, made by metal sintering. Alternatively, the expansion plate 464 and the rib 468 are monoblock and reported, for example by welding, on the foot 462. According to another variant, the foot 462, the expansion plate 464 and the rib 468 of the cores 46A and 46B are made separately and assembled together, for example by welding.

On note 62A et 62B les bords de la palette mobile 6 parallèles à sa largeur l6.62A and 62B are noted the edges of the movable pallet 6 parallel to its width l6.

A la figure 3, la plaque d'entrefer 48 et les ressorts 8A et 8B ne sont pas représentés pour la clarté du dessin. La figure 3 montre des lignes de champ magnétique Lm qui s'étendent entre la palette mobile 6 et le noyau 46A et 46B du fait du champ magnétique généré par les bobines 44A et 44B. On remarque sur cette figure que les lignes de champ magnétique Lm se referment à travers la plaque de base 42 qui constitue ainsi un élément de retour de flux magnétique. On note Lmf des lignes de champ magnétique de fermeture qui s'étendent, d'une part, entre le bord 62A et la nervure 468 du noyau 46A et, d'autre part, entre le bord 62B et la nervure 468 du noyau 46B. Les lignes de champ magnétique de fermeture Lmf traversent un entrefer E notablement moins épais que l'entrefer E' qui existe entre la palette mobile 6' et les plaques d'épanouissement 464' d'un actionneur conforme à l'art antérieur représenté à la figure 4. Ainsi, les nervures 468 permettent d'augmenter, dans certaines phases d'utilisation du contacteur 200, l'intensité du champ électromagnétique entre la palette 6 et les noyaux 46A et 46B, par rapport à l'art antérieur. Le champ magnétique résultant du faible entrefer E permet un contrôle efficace de la position de la palette mobile 6 le long de l'axe X2.To the figure 3 , the air gap plate 48 and the springs 8A and 8B are not shown for clarity of the drawing. The figure 3 shows magnetic field lines L m extending between the movable pallet 6 and the core 46A and 46B due to the magnetic field generated by the coils 44A and 44B. It will be noted in this figure that the magnetic field lines L m close again through the base plate 42 which thus constitutes a magnetic flux return element. We note L mf of the field lines magnetic closure which extend, on the one hand, between the edge 62A and the rib 468 of the core 46A and, on the other hand, between the edge 62B and the rib 468 of the core 46B. The closing magnetic field lines L mf pass through an air gap E which is substantially less thick than the air gap E 'that exists between the mobile pallet 6' and the expansion plates 464 'of an actuator according to the prior art shown in FIG. the figure 4 . Thus, the ribs 468 make it possible to increase, in certain phases of use of the contactor 200, the intensity of the electromagnetic field between the pallet 6 and the cores 46A and 46B, compared to the prior art. The magnetic field resulting from the low gap E allows effective control of the position of the movable pallet 6 along the axis X2.

Ces améliorations sont obtenues en conservant l'encombrement global de l'actionneur 2, comme cela ressort de la comparaison entre les figures 3 et 4.These improvements are obtained by maintaining the overall size of the actuator 2, as is apparent from the comparison between the Figures 3 and 4 .

Sur les figures 5, 6 et 7, l'actionneur 2 est intégré à un contacteur électrique 200. Le contacteur électrique 200 comprend une première piste fixe 202 qui s'étend à partir d'une zone 204 de blocage d'un conducteur électrique et supporte une pastille de contact fixe 206. Le contacteur 200 comprend également une deuxième piste fixe 212 qui s'étend entre une zone 214 de raccordement pour un conducteur électrique et une pastille de contact fixe 216. Le contacteur électrique 200 comprend également deux pastilles de contact mobiles 208 et 218 montées sur un pont mobile 210. Ce pont mobile 210 est chargé par un ressort 220, parallèlement à l'axe X2 et en direction de la palette mobile 6. Un porte-contacts mobiles 222 est intercalé entre le pont mobile 210 et la palette mobile 6. Chacune des pistes 202 et 212 forme une ligne de courant.On the figures 5 , 6 and 7 the actuator 2 is integrated with an electric contactor 200. The electric contactor 200 comprises a first fixed track 202 which extends from a blocking zone 204 of an electrical conductor and supports a fixed contact pad 206. The contactor 200 also comprises a second fixed track 212 which extends between a connection zone 214 for an electrical conductor and a fixed contact pad 216. The electric contactor 200 also comprises two movable contact pads 208 and 218 mounted on a bridge mobile 210. This movable bridge 210 is loaded by a spring 220, parallel to the axis X2 and in the direction of the movable pallet 6. A movable contact carrier 222 is interposed between the movable bridge 210 and the movable pallet 6. Each of the Tracks 202 and 212 form a streamline.

Sur la figure 8, la position P0 représente la première position, éloignée de la palette mobile 6 par rapport à la surface S464. La position P1 représente la deuxième position rapprochée, où la palette mobile 6 est en appui contre la plaque d'entrefer 48. Sur cette figure, la position P2 représente une position intermédiaire où les pastilles mobiles 208 et 218 entrent en contact avec les pastilles fixes 206 et 216 en allant de la position P0 vers la position P1. A la figure 8 la distance entre les positions P0 et P1 représente la course C.On the figure 8 the position P0 represents the first position, remote from the moving pallet 6 with respect to the surface S464. The position P1 represents the second close position, where the movable pallet 6 bears against the air gap plate 48. In this figure, the position P2 represents an intermediate position where the movable pads 208 and 218 come into contact with the fixed pellets. 206 and 216 going from the position P0 to the position P1. To the figure 8 the distance between the positions P0 and P1 represents the stroke C.

En partant de la position P0 et lorsque la palette mobile 6 est déplacée par l'effort magnétique généré par le champ magnétique dû aux bobines 44A et 44B, l'effort mécanique résistant généré par les ressorts 8A et 8B croît linéairement comme montré sur la partie droite de la courbe C1. A partir de la position P2 la poursuite du mouvement de la palette mobile 6 induit la séparation du porte contacts mobiles 222 et du pont mobile 210, ainsi que la compression du ressort 220 dont la constante de raideur s'ajoute à celle des ressorts 8A et 8B. La courbe C1 a donc une pente plus importante à partir de la position P2 qu'entre les positions P0 et P2. Lorsque le contact électrique est totalement établi et, on parvient dans une position P3 à partir de laquelle les ressorts 8A et 8B et le ressort 220 continuent à être comprimés jusqu'à la position P1.Starting from the position P0 and when the movable pallet 6 is displaced by the magnetic force generated by the magnetic field due to the coils 44A and 44B, the resistive mechanical force generated by the springs 8A and 8B increases linearly as shown on the part right of the curve C1. From the position P2 the continued movement of the movable pallet 6 induces the separation of the movable contact holder 222 and the movable bridge 210, as well as the compression of the spring 220 whose stiffness constant is added to that of the springs 8A and 8B. The curve C1 therefore has a greater slope from the P2 position between the P0 and P2 positions. When the electrical contact is fully established and is reached in a position P3 from which the springs 8A and 8B and the spring 220 continue to be compressed to the position P1.

Aux figures 8 et 9, la courbe C2 représente la force magnétique exercée par l'actionneur selon l'art antérieur et la courbe C3 représente la force magnétique exercée par un actionneur selon l'invention. Grâce aux nervures 468, la courbe C3 est au-dessus de la courbe C2 entre les positions P0 et P3. En d'autres termes, l'effort magnétique est plus important avec les nervures 468 que sans ces nervures. Au contraire, en se rapprochant de la position P1 la courbe C3 est au-dessous de la courbe C2. En d'autres termes, après l'impact des pastilles 208 et 218 sur les pastilles 206 et 216, l'effort magnétique utilisé dans l'actionneur 2 conforme à l'invention est inférieur à l'effort magnétique utilisé dans un actionneur conforme à l'art antérieur. En résumé, l'ajout de ces nervures 468 permet de générer un effort magnétique supplémentaire là où cela est nécessaire, entre les positions P0 et P3, et de le diminuer là où il n'est pas nécessaire, entre les positions P3 et P1.To the Figures 8 and 9 , curve C2 represents the magnetic force exerted by the actuator according to the prior art and curve C3 represents the magnetic force exerted by an actuator according to the invention. Thanks to the ribs 468, the curve C3 is above the curve C2 between the positions P0 and P3. In other words, the magnetic force is greater with the ribs 468 than without these ribs. On the contrary, when approaching the position P1, the curve C3 is below the curve C2. In other words, after the impact of the pellets 208 and 218 on the pellets 206 and 216, the magnetic force used in the actuator 2 according to the invention is less than the magnetic force used in an actuator according to the invention. the prior art. In summary, the addition of these ribs 468 makes it possible to generate an additional magnetic force where necessary between the positions P0 and P3, and to reduce it where it is not necessary, between the positions P3 and P1.

On remarque que les nervures 468 s'étendent sur toute la longueur des bords 466, ce qui leur permet de participer à la fermeture des lignes de champ sur toute la largeur l6 de la palette mobile 6. Toutefois, en variante, une nervure 468 peut être interrompue sur la longueur ou ne s'étendre que sur une partie du bord 466 adjacent.It is noted that the ribs 468 extend over the entire length of the edges 466, which allows them to participate in the closure of the field lines over the entire width 16 of the moving pallet 6. However, alternatively, a rib 468 may be interrupted along the length or extend only over part of the adjacent edge 466.

L'invention est décrite ci-dessus dans le cas d'un actionneur à deux bobines, deux noyaux et deux nervures. Elle est applicable à un actionneur à une seule bobine, auquel cas la géométrie de l'élément de retour de flux magnétique, qui correspond à la plaque de base 42 de l'exemple des figures, est adaptée.The invention is described above in the case of an actuator with two coils, two cores and two ribs. It is applicable to a single-coil actuator, in which case the geometry of the magnetic flux return element, which corresponds to the base plate 42 of the example of the figures, is adapted.

Selon un mode de réalisation non représenté, des nervures analogues à la nervure 468 peuvent être prévues sur trois bords adjacents d'une plaque d'épanouissement 464 hors le bord le plus proche de l'autre plaque d'épanouissement. En d'autres termes, selon cette variante non représentée, l'invention peut avoir un maximum de six nervures. Les modes de réalisation et variantes mentionnés ci-dessus peuvent être combinés pour générer de nouveaux modes de réalisation de l'invention.According to an embodiment not shown, rib-like ribs 468 may be provided on three adjacent edges of a blooming plate 464 outside the nearest edge of the other blooming plate. In other words, according to this variant not shown, the invention can have a maximum of six ribs. The embodiments and variants mentioned above may be combined to generate new embodiments of the invention.

Claims (9)

  1. Electromagnetic actuator (2) for controlling an electrical contactor (200), this actuator comprising:
    - a fixed part (4) including:
    - at least one coil (44A, 44B) for generating a magnetic field centred on a longitudinal axis (X2),
    - at least one core (46A, 46B) for concentrating the magnetic flux, this core being installed within the coil and provided with a plate for spreading (464) the magnetic flux which defines an active surface (S464) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis,
    - at least one element (42) for returning the magnetic flux,
    - a blade (6) which is mobile in translation according to the longitudinal axis and relative to the fixed part, between a first position (P0) at a distance from the active surface and a second position (P1) close to this surface, under the effect of a force induced by the magnetic field,
    - at least one means (8A, 8B) for elastic return of the blade towards a predetermined position between the first position and the second position,
    characterised in that the spreading plate (464) is provided with at least one rib (468) for closing the magnetic field lines (Lm) between the spreading plate and the blade, this rib projecting relative to the active surface (S464) from the side of the blade and arranged at the level of an edge (466) of the spreading plate, and in that the ratio between the height (H468) of the rib (468), measured parallel to the axis of translation (X2) of the blade (6), and the course (C) of the blade defined between its first and second positions (P0, PI), is between 0.1 and 1.5, preferably between 0.2 and 0.9.
  2. Actuator according to claim 1, characterised in that the dimensions (L6, 16) of the blade (6), in a plane perpendicular to the axis of translation (X2), are compatible with its approaching the active surface (S464), along the rib (468), in order to reach the second position (P1).
  3. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fixed part (4) includes two coils (44A, 44B), a core (46A, 46B) installed in each coil, and in that the spreading plate (464) of each core is provided with at least one rib (468) arranged at the level of its edge (466) opposite the other spreading plate.
  4. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rib (468) extends over the entire length of the edge (466) at the level of which it is arranged.
  5. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rib (468) is monobloc with the spreading plate (464).
  6. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fixed part (4) includes an air gap shim (48), the dimensions (L48) of which are compatible with its positioning on the active surface (S464) beside the rib (468).
  7. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the ratio between the height (H468) of the rib (468), measured parallel to the axis of translation (X2) of the blade (6), and the thickness (e6) of the blade, measured parallel to this direction, is between 0.1 and 1.0, preferably between 0.2 and 0.9.
  8. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the ratio between the width (1468) of the rib (468), measured parallel to the active surface (S464) and perpendicular to the edge (466), along which the rib (468) is arranged, and the course (C) of the blade (6), defined between its first and second positions (P0, PI), is between 0.1 and 1.2, preferably between 0.2 and 0.7.
  9. Electrical contactor (200) comprising fixed tablets (206, 216) and mobile tablets (208, 218) entrained by a blade (6) belonging to an actuator (2), characterised in that the actuator (2) is according to one of the preceding claims.
EP15766858.3A 2014-09-24 2015-09-23 Electromagnetic actuator and electrical contactor comprising such an actuator Active EP3198624B1 (en)

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FR1459007A FR3026222B1 (en) 2014-09-24 2014-09-24 ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR AND ELECTRICAL CONTACTOR COMPRISING SUCH ACTUATOR
PCT/EP2015/071821 WO2016046249A1 (en) 2014-09-24 2015-09-23 Electromagnetic actuator and electrical contactor comprising such an actuator

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FR3087576B1 (en) * 2018-10-22 2020-11-13 Schneider Electric Ind Sas ELECTRIC CURRENT CUTTING DEVICE

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EP3198624A1 (en) 2017-08-02
US10115536B2 (en) 2018-10-30
CN106716590A (en) 2017-05-24
US20170271095A1 (en) 2017-09-21
WO2016046249A1 (en) 2016-03-31
FR3026222A1 (en) 2016-03-25
FR3026222B1 (en) 2017-06-23
JP2017536647A (en) 2017-12-07
CN106716590B (en) 2020-05-15

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