EP3198070B1 - Calender - Google Patents

Calender Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3198070B1
EP3198070B1 EP15763343.9A EP15763343A EP3198070B1 EP 3198070 B1 EP3198070 B1 EP 3198070B1 EP 15763343 A EP15763343 A EP 15763343A EP 3198070 B1 EP3198070 B1 EP 3198070B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
roll
nip
pivot
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15763343.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3198070A2 (en
Inventor
Udo Mai
Helmut BRUDER
Andre Hünnekens
Andreas Lukas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Andritz Kuesters GmbH
Original Assignee
Andritz Kuesters GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102014113755.8A external-priority patent/DE102014113755A1/en
Priority claimed from DE102015107839.2A external-priority patent/DE102015107839B3/en
Application filed by Andritz Kuesters GmbH filed Critical Andritz Kuesters GmbH
Priority to EP18181952.5A priority Critical patent/EP3415676B1/en
Publication of EP3198070A2 publication Critical patent/EP3198070A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3198070B1 publication Critical patent/EP3198070B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
    • D06C15/02—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics between co-operating press or calender rolls
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/002—Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/0073—Accessories for calenders
    • D21G1/0086—Web feeding or guiding devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a calender, in particular for textile, nonwoven, plastic or paper webs, with a frame in which a first roller, a second roller and a third roller are mounted, wherein the first roller in the operation of the calender with either the second roller or with the third roller forms a nip, through which the web is guided, to which the second roller between a working position, in which it forms a nip with the first roller, and a parking position is displaceable, and the third roller between a Working position in which it forms a nip with the first roller, and a parking position is displaceable, wherein the second roller is mounted on the frame via first pivot lever, wherein each pivot lever is pivotable about a pivot axis.
  • Such a calender is from the DE 100 05 306 C1 known.
  • calenders in particular those for the treatment of textiles, fleece, plastic or paper webs, there is often the need to exchange one of the two nip forming rollers through which the web is passed for treatment.
  • rolls with different surface qualities of the roll shell, such as different engravings, coverings of different types and / or hardness, are required for certain treatments.
  • roller with a coating acts against a mostly smooth or even engraved roller.
  • roller with a coating are particularly to be understood rollers whose acting on the web surface of a surface applied to the roller body coating of, for example, plastic, rubber or cotton is formed.
  • a quick replacement of a gravure roll may be desired. More often, however, there is also the need to replace the lining to bring a different type of coating or hardness can be used. Since rolls with a coating regularly subject to higher wear than rolls without covering, there is additionally the need for the possibility of a quick roll change, in order to be able to rework or renew the lining of a previously used roll after reaching the wear limit.
  • an incentive for a quick and easy roll change may be to bring about a rapid temperature change of the working surface of a roll.
  • a temperature change to avoid thermal stresses in the roll material is only possible with 1 to 3 K / min. If there is the option of a quick roll change, different high-preheated rolls can be kept available and, if necessary, a temperature change can be exchanged.
  • a calender in which a plurality of rollers are mounted in a rotatable about an axis parallel to the longitudinal extent of the nip axis rotatable device. By rotating this device about the axis, the various rollers can be selectively shifted between a working position in which they form the nip together with another roller, and a parking position.
  • the EP 0 672 785 A2 shows a double calender. Between the rollers, a device is arranged to prevent contact of the rollers forming a nip and to maintain a nip of a defined size.
  • a calender is known, with a roller, which optionally forms a nip with two different, each arranged on its own pivot lever rollers.
  • a calender is known, whose two upper rollers are arranged in a revolver, which is arranged on a pivotable frame top.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, from the DE 100 05 306 C1 known calender in terms of associated with its production effort and / or with regard to the possibilities of roller replacement provided with it.
  • the third roller as well as the second roller, mounted on the frame via the first pivot lever.
  • the second and third rollers are preferably arranged to be displaceable relative to the first pivoting levers.
  • the second and third rollers may preferably be arranged to be displaceable along a cam track, such that the second or third roller are spaced from the web passing through the nip when the respective roller is in its parking position. Due to this measure, it is ensured that the roller located in its parking position does not affect the processing result achieved with the calender. It is therefore alternatively possible to use the second or the third roller for nip formation together with the first roller without having to change the material web course for this purpose.
  • the second and third rolls are displaced relative to the first pivot levers.
  • the second and third rollers are fixed relative to the first pivoting levers (but rotatable and interchangeable) provided.
  • the displacement of the pivot axis of the first pivot lever is oblique to the plane defined by the web path in front of the nip.
  • the bearings define the positions of the pivot axes of the first pivot levers.
  • These storage facilities may in particular each comprise at least one bearing block.
  • a rail arrangement is preferably provided for each bearing block, which extends obliquely to a plane which is oriented perpendicular to the plane in which lie the roll axes of the nip forming rollers.
  • a fourth roll is provided in the calender according to the invention, which between a working position in which they with the first roll a Nip forms, and a parking position is displaceable, wherein the fourth roller is mounted on the frame via second pivot lever, wherein each pivot lever is pivotable about a pivot axis.
  • a fifth roller which is mounted on the frame via a second pivoting lever between a working position in which it forms a nip with the first roller and is displaceable to a parking position.
  • the second pivot levers can then be designed mirror-inverted in particular and preferably analogously to the first pivot lever, but with respect to a plane passing through the central longitudinal axes of the rollers forming the nip.
  • the fourth and fifth rollers may preferably be arranged to be displaceable along a cam track such that the fourth or the fifth roller are spaced from the web passing through the nip when the respective roller is in its rest position.
  • the pivot axes of the second pivot lever may be arranged displaceable relative to the frame, preferably in directions which extend obliquely to the plane which is defined by the web immediately behind the nip.
  • frame-side bearing devices that define the pivot axes of the second pivot lever can be provided. These may be displaceable along rail arrangements provided on the frame which are oblique to the plane which is oriented perpendicular to the plane in which the roll axes of the rolls forming the nip lie.
  • the first pivot lever and the second pivot lever on locking means.
  • These locking devices are designed in such a way that the second pivot levers located in a parking position lock the first pivot levers located in their working position and vice versa. That is, the first pivot lever located in a parking position lock the first pivot lever located in its working position.
  • the invention includes the features mentioned in this document in all combinations.
  • the bottom roll in one embodiment comprises a first roll, regardless of its arrangement.
  • the first roller may thus be arranged above or below other rollers.
  • the top rollers in one embodiment comprise a second roller, regardless of their arrangement.
  • the second roller can thus be arranged above or below other rollers.
  • the top rollers in one embodiment comprise a third roller, regardless of their arrangement.
  • the third roller can thus be arranged above or below other rollers.
  • the top rollers in one embodiment comprise a fourth roller, regardless of their arrangement.
  • the fourth roller may therefore be arranged above or below other rollers.
  • the top rollers in one embodiment comprise a fifth roller, regardless of their arrangement.
  • the fifth roller may therefore be arranged above or below other rollers.
  • first embodiment of the calender comprises a frame 101, in which a first roller 102 is arranged.
  • the first roller 102 is mounted on a carriage 103, which is displaceable by means of a hydraulically actuated piston / cylinder assembly 104 perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the roller 101 in the frame, in this case in the vertical direction.
  • the piston / cylinder assembly 104 also serves to position the first roller 102 against another roller for nip formation, as will be described below.
  • the first roller 102 may be formed as a heated, deflection-controllable roller with a smooth roll shell or in other ways.
  • first pivot lever 105 are pivotally mounted about first pivot axes 107.
  • the first pivot levers comprise a front, visible in the drawing pivot lever and a distance from this in the direction perpendicular to the plane identical, rear pivot lever, which is not visible in the drawing.
  • the following description applies equally to the front, visible first pivot lever 105, as well as the rear pivot lever, although not explicitly mentioned.
  • the first pivot levers 105 are designed as two-armed lever.
  • a rail arrangement 108 is provided, which serves to attach a second roller 106.
  • the second roller 106 is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis S2 in a carriage assembly 109 which is displaceable along the rail assembly 108.
  • the rail assembly 108 extends along the in Fig. 1 and 2 shown working position of the first pivot lever each upper edge 1010 and is formed according to the contour of the upper edge as a curved path.
  • the displacement of the carriage assembly 109 along the rail assembly 108 is a Linearversteller 1011, which may be formed as a pneumatically or hydraulically actuated piston / cylinder unit or in any other known manner.
  • the one end of the linear adjuster is articulated on the respective first pivot lever 105, the other end on the respective rail arrangement 108.
  • a third roller 1012 is mounted rotatably about its longitudinal axis S3 on the carriage arrangement 109.
  • the longitudinal axis S3 is spaced from the longitudinal axis S2 by an angular distance ⁇ , which corresponds approximately to the maximum angle a, by which the carriage assembly 109 is displaceable on the rail assembly 108 by means of the linear adjuster 1010.
  • a pivot drive 1013 which is designed as a screw jack 1014 comprehensive linear drive.
  • FIG. 1 an operating state of the calender 10100 is shown in which the first pivot levers 105 are in their working position.
  • the second roller 106 as in Fig. 1 shown in their working position and forms with the first roller 102 a nip 1015.
  • the third roller 1012 is then in its parking position.
  • - as in Fig. 2 The third roller is in its working position and forms with the first roller 102, the nip 1015th Then, the second roller 106 is in its parking position.
  • the slide assembly 109 between its in Fig. 1 represented in the first extreme position in which it is based on the graphic representation of the left stop, and their in Fig. 2 shown extreme position in which it is located according to the graphic representation in its right extreme position.
  • the first roller can be lowered by means of the piston / cylinder arrangement 104 for the duration of the displacement of the carriage arrangement 109.
  • the first pivot lever 105 are - as preferred - briefly raised by means of the rotary actuators 1013.
  • the first pivot lever 105 between their in Fig. 1 and 2 shown working positions in which the upper edges 1016 extend approximately parallel to the lower edge 1017 of the frame 101, and Park positions in which the upper edges 1016 extend approximately perpendicular to the lower edge 1017 to relocate.
  • both the first roller 102, and the second and the third roller from the outside are easily accessible, which is for example for the purpose of replacement or maintenance of great advantage.
  • the embodiment of the calender 10100 according to the invention also has second pivot levers 1018, which are mounted on the frame 101 so as to be pivotable about second pivot axes 1019.
  • the second pivot lever 1018 are with respect to the plane E, which is defined by the two longitudinal axes of the nip forming rollers, arranged in mirror image to the first pivot lever 105 on the frame 1 and also formed in mirror image to the first pivot lever 105. Accordingly, the second pivot lever 1018 are again designed as a two-armed lever.
  • the can with a second pivot drive 1020, which includes a second Spindelhubgetriebe 1021 and which engages at one end of the second arm 1018 ', between a in Fig. 1 and 2 illustrated parking position and a working position, which - in mirror image - corresponds to that in the in Fig. 1 and 2 the first pivot levers 105 are shown are relocated.
  • the respective first arm 1018 'of the second pivoting levers 1018 comprises, analogously to the construction of the first pivoting levers 105, a recess with an upper edge 1026 in the working position, which is curved and along which a rail arrangement 1027 extends.
  • a slide arrangement 1028 is again provided displaceably along the curved path predetermined by the rail arrangement.
  • the displacement serves a provided on each of the second pivot lever 1018 Linearversteller 1029, which in turn may be formed, for example, as a hydraulic or pneumatic piston / cylinder unit or in any other way.
  • the carriage arrangement serves to support a fourth roller 1030 and a fifth roller 1031 in a manner corresponding to the bearing of the second roller 106 and third roller 1012.
  • the second pivot lever 1018 is displaced into its working position after being displaced into its parked position, then either the fourth roller 1030 or the fifth roller 1031 are displaced into their respective parking and working positions with the aid of the linear adjuster 1029.
  • This is analogous to the second roller 106 and third roller 1012, after the nip has been briefly opened by lowering the first roller 102 or slight pivoting of the second pivot lever 1018.
  • the first and second pivot lever 105 pivot axis near locking means 1032 and pivot axis remote locking means 1033 on.
  • the locking means are arranged and designed such that the pivot axis near locking of each located in their parking position pivot lever overlap the pivot axis remote locking means 1033 located in their working positions pivot lever and thus acting on the located in their working position swivel bracket reaction forces also on the pivot axes and the linear adjuster of their parking position located pivot lever are introduced into the frame.
  • a first roller 10102 is arranged in a frame 10101. It is mounted on a carriage 10103, which is displaceable by means of a hydraulically actuated piston / cylinder assembly 10104 perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the roller 10102 in the frame 10101, in this case in the vertical direction.
  • the piston / cylinder arrangement 10104 in turn also serves to set the first roller 10102 against another roller for the purpose of nip formation, as will be described below.
  • the first roll 10102 may be formed as a heated, deflection-controllable roll with a smooth roll shell or in some other way.
  • first pivot levers 10105 are provided, of which only the front pivot lever facing the viewer can be seen in the drawing.
  • the first pivot levers 10105 are for supporting a second roller 10106 and a third roller 10112 at one end thereof, respectively.
  • the first pivot levers 10105 are pivotally mounted about a first pivot axis 10107 on the frame 10101, in such a way that it either in one of the in Fig. 3 are located in which either the second roller 10106, or - as in the in Fig. 3 shown in solid line - the third roller 10112 with the first roller 10102 forms a nip 10115 or in a rest position, in which the second and the third roller to the first roller are spaced.
  • first pivot lever 10105 are designed as two-armed lever, wherein on the first arm 10105 'the second and third rollers 10106, 10112 are mounted and at the end of the second arm 10105 "a pivot drive 10113 attacks, which in turn is mounted on the frame 10101.
  • the pivot drive comprises a screw jack 10114.
  • the third roller 10112 is in its working position and forms with the first roller 10102 the nip 10115th
  • the first pivot lever are not only with the aid of the pivot drive 10113 about its first pivot axes 10107 pivotally mounted on the frame 10101, but the first pivot axes 10107 are relative to Rack 10101 arranged displaceable.
  • the bearing side bearing blocks comprehensive storage facilities 10108 which define the positions of the pivot axes 10107 of the first pivot lever 10105, is provided, the storage facilities 10108 along each rail assembly 10109 by means of linear Verstellers not shown in the drawing are displaced.
  • the rail assembly 10109 is oriented upward from the nip 10115 seen.
  • the pivot axes 10107 of the first pivot lever 10105 are displaced in a further displacement of the nip 10115 also with a vertical component, whereby the third Roller 10112 is displaced during displacement from the work to a parking position with a vertically upward movement component.
  • the pivot drive 10113 is synchronously actuated until the first pivot levers 10105, the in Fig. 3 in the left-hand dotted line, in which the third roller 10112 is in a parking position and the second roller 10106 is in a working position in which it forms the nip 10115 with the first roller 10102.
  • either the first roller can be lowered by means of the piston / cylinder arrangement 10104 for the duration of the displacement of the pivot axes 10107.
  • the 10105 swivel levers are raised briefly with the help of the 10113 quarter-turn actuators.
  • a change of in Fig. 4 shown web guide, in particular displacement of the guide roller 1024 of the web conveying 1025 is then not required.
  • the second embodiment of the calender 10200 further comprises to the plane E, which is defined by the longitudinal axes of the two rolls forming the nip 10115 mirrored to the first pivoting levers 10105 and second mirrored to the frame 10101 second pivot lever 10118.
  • a fourth roller 10130 and a fifth roller 10131 are mounted on the first arm 10118th.
  • the second arm 10118 "is engaged by a second pivot drive 10120 which comprises a second screw jack 10121.
  • a separate second pivot drive 10120 is provided for each second pivot lever 10118.
  • the respective pivot lever is mounted about a second pivot axis 10119 between the pivot axis Fig. 3 illustrated parking position and working positions, which - mirror images - correspond to those in which the first pivot lever 10105 are shown, pivotable.
  • a second bearing device 10127 comprising a bearing block is provided, which in turn is mounted along a second rail arrangement 10128 by means of a linear adjuster, not shown in the drawing is relocatable. Since the bearing device 10127 defines the second pivot axis 10119, and the second rail assembly 10128 is aligned with the plane E mirror image of the rail assembly 10109, a change between the fourth and the fifth roll can be analogous to the change between the second and the third roller. It is understood that previously the first pivot lever 10105 must be moved to their parking positions, which - again mirrored to the plane E - the in Fig. 3 Park positions represented the second pivot lever 10118 correspond.
  • All pivot levers 105, 1018; 10105, 10118 are designed as double-walled lever and engage around a bearing lug of the frame 101, 10101 on both sides. As a result, a very stable mounting of the respective pivot lever is achieved in the frame, which reliably prevents tilting of the pivot lever relative to the frame in a direction other than the pivoting movement.
  • each pivot lever of a pair rotatably receiving the roller in one of its two end portions.
  • the unrecognizable pivot lever of each pivot lever pair have the same configurations as the recognizable pivot lever.
  • the same storage facilities and part-turn actuators, rail arrangements and linear adjusters are provided for the unrecognizable swivel lever pairs.
  • a to be treated by means of the calender according to the invention web can be passed between the two pivot levers of a pair of pivot levers and it can so in Fig. 4 shown schematically web guide can be realized.
  • a web 10W for example in the form of a layer of filaments, between the first roller 102 and one of the second to fifth rollers 106, 1012, 1030, 1031; 10106, 10112, 10130, 10131 formed nip 1015, 10115 supplied and solidified in this.
  • suitable cooling rollers 1023 the web is fed in the forward direction V for further use.
  • the web guide it is ensured that the web leaves the nip without further contact with the rollers, whereby a thermal damage to the non-solidifying areas is avoided. Also, due to the arrangement of the pulley 1024 in the immediate vicinity of the Nips and their horizontal tangent above the nip ensured that the unconsolidated product - fixed on the conveyor belt - can be brought as close to the nip. Finally, the web feed takes place almost parallel to the plane in which the nip is located (nip plane), so that the deflecting roller 1024 is only looped around by a small angle. Due to this measure, the risk of the goods sticking to the screen belt 1022 and tearing is reduced. With the plane in which the nip is located (Nipebene), is referred to in the context of this document in particular the plane perpendicular to the press plane of a nip plane.
  • the supply of the bearings with lubricant is to accomplish in a simple manner. Because due to the arrangement of alternatively usable for nip formation second to fifth rolls of pivoting levers, the bearing body only by angle ⁇ 180 °, depending on the design of the pivot lever only by angle ⁇ 150 °, ⁇ 120 ° or even ⁇ 90 ° at a shift between working - and parking position twisted. This is a great advantage, in particular in the case of bearing lubrication without contacting seals and, consequently, pressureless, gravity-only oil drainage, as conventionally used in heated rolls. Bearing lubricating oil drains and return lines with gravity feed are thus easily executable.
  • rollers are rotatably drivable in their parking position. Because especially at elevated roller temperatures, especially at roller temperatures> 80 ° C, the rollers must be rotated continuously to avoid permanent deformation.
  • all rollers, at least the second to fifth rollers can be provided with their own rotary drives, which are not recognizable in the drawing. Its own rotary drives also make any otherwise necessary coupling and uncoupling of a common rotary drive unnecessary. So that separate drive blocks for the own rotary drives with the rollers do not have to be moved, it is advantageous if the own rotary actuators are designed as "direct drives".
  • the frame 1 has a first stationary frame part OT and a second frame part VT, the second frame part VT being displaceable relative to the first frame part OT.
  • the second frame part VT viewed from the side is at least approximately "U" shaped.
  • roller 5 there is exactly one lower roller 5 and this is mounted on the first frame part OT. It is, with the exception of the delivery movement, not relocatable.
  • second frame part VT two pairs of pivot lever 3, 4 are mounted, each with two top rollers 2, 2 ', 2 ", 2"'.
  • the second frame part VT can be brought into two different positions S1, S2 relative to the first frame part OT, in which the lower roller 5 forms a nip with different top rollers 2, 2 '.
  • the second frame part VT is displaceably mounted relative to the first frame part OT by means of a thrust bearing B.
  • the thrust bearing B comprises a linear bearing L, thus allowing a straight-line displacement.
  • the thrust bearing B includes a carriage and / or rail assembly.
  • the thrust bearing B is in the in FIG. 5 shown first position S1 of the second frame part VT completely below the lower roller 5 is arranged. In the in FIG. 6 shown second position S2 of the second frame part VT, it is partially disposed below the lower roller 5.
  • the second frame part VT is thus mounted by means of a thrust bearing B slidably on the first frame part OT, which is partially disposed below the lower roller 5, 5 '.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kalander, insbesondere für Textile, Vlies-, Kunststoff- oder Papier-Warenbahnen, mit einem Gestell, in dem eine erste Walze, eine zweite Walze und eine dritte Walze gelagert sind, wobei die erste Walze im Betrieb des Kalanders entweder mit der zweiten Walze oder mit der dritten Walze einen Nip bildet, durch den die Warenbahn hindurchführbar ist, wozu die zweite Walze zwischen einer Arbeitsposition, in der sie mit der ersten Walze einen Nip bildet, und einer Parkposition verlagerbar ist, und die dritte Walze zwischen einer Arbeitsposition, in der sie mit der ersten Walze einen Nip bildet, und einer Parkposition verlagerbar ist, wobei die zweite Walze über erste Schwenkhebel am Gestell gelagert ist, wobei jeder Schwenkhebel um eine Schwenkachse verschwenkbar ist.The invention relates to a calender, in particular for textile, nonwoven, plastic or paper webs, with a frame in which a first roller, a second roller and a third roller are mounted, wherein the first roller in the operation of the calender with either the second roller or with the third roller forms a nip, through which the web is guided, to which the second roller between a working position, in which it forms a nip with the first roller, and a parking position is displaceable, and the third roller between a Working position in which it forms a nip with the first roller, and a parking position is displaceable, wherein the second roller is mounted on the frame via first pivot lever, wherein each pivot lever is pivotable about a pivot axis.

Ein derartiger Kalander ist aus der DE 100 05 306 C1 bekannt. Bei Kalandern, insbesondere solchen zur Behandlung von Textilen, Vlies-, Kunststoff- oder Papier-Warenbahnen, besteht häufig die Notwendigkeit, eine der beiden einen Nip bildenden Walzen, durch die die Warenbahn zur Behandlung hindurchgeführt ist, auszutauschen. Oft werden für bestimmte Behandlungen Walzen mit unterschiedlichen Oberflächenqualitäten des Walzenmantels wie beispielsweise unterschiedliche Gravuren, Beläge unterschiedlicher Arten und/oder Härte erforderlich.Such a calender is from the DE 100 05 306 C1 known. In calenders, in particular those for the treatment of textiles, fleece, plastic or paper webs, there is often the need to exchange one of the two nip forming rollers through which the web is passed for treatment. Often, rolls with different surface qualities of the roll shell, such as different engravings, coverings of different types and / or hardness, are required for certain treatments.

Beim thermischen Verfestigen von Vlies-Warenbahnen mit einem Kalander wirkt üblicherweise eine glatte gegen eine gravierte Walze. Auch beide Walzen können graviert ausgeführt sein. Mindestens eine der beiden Walzen ist regelmäßig beheizt, damit die Vlies-Warenbahn an durch die Erhebungen der gravierten Walze erzeugten komprimierten Bereiche zumindest teilweise aufgeschmolzen wird. Da die Gravur maßgeblich das Produktionsergebnis bestimmt, müssen die gravierten Walzen häufig ausgetauscht werden.When thermal bonding of nonwoven webs with a calender usually acts a smooth against an engraved roll. Both rollers can be executed engraved. At least one of the two rolls is heated regularly, so that the nonwoven web is at least partially melted at generated by the elevations of the engraved roller compressed areas. Because the engraving significantly determines the production result, the engraved rollers must be replaced frequently.

Beim Kalandrieren von Papier oder Textilien wirkt bevorzugt eine Walze mit einem Belag gegen eine meist glatte oder auch gravierte Walze. Unter "Walze mit einem Belag" sind insbesondere Walzen zu verstehen, deren auf die Warenbahn wirkende Mantelfläche von einem auf den Walzenkörper aufgebrachten Belag aus beispielsweise Kunststoff, Gummi oder auch Baumwolle gebildet ist. Auch hier kann ein schneller Austausch einer Gravurwalze gewünscht sein. Häufiger besteht aber auch der Bedarf, den Belag auszutauschen, um eine andere Belagart oder -härte zum Einsatz bringen zu können. Da Walzen mit einem Belag regelmäßig einem höheren Verschleiß als Walzen ohne Belag unterliegen, besteht zusätzlich das Bedürfnis nach der Möglichkeit eines schnellen Walzenwechsels, um den Belag einer zuvor benutzten Walze nach Erreichen der Verschleißgrenze nachbearbeiten oder erneuern zu können.When calendering paper or textiles, preferably a roller with a coating acts against a mostly smooth or even engraved roller. Under "roller with a coating" are particularly to be understood rollers whose acting on the web surface of a surface applied to the roller body coating of, for example, plastic, rubber or cotton is formed. Again, a quick replacement of a gravure roll may be desired. More often, however, there is also the need to replace the lining to bring a different type of coating or hardness can be used. Since rolls with a coating regularly subject to higher wear than rolls without covering, there is additionally the need for the possibility of a quick roll change, in order to be able to rework or renew the lining of a previously used roll after reaching the wear limit.

Darüber hinaus kann Anlass für das Bestreben eines schnellen und einfachen Walzenwechsels sein, eine schnelle Temperaturänderung der Arbeitsfläche einer Walze herbeizuführen. Denn erfahrungsgemäß ist eine Temperaturänderung zur Vermeidung von Thermospannungen im Walzenmaterial nur mit 1 bis 3 K/min möglich. Besteht die Option eines schnellen Walzenwechsels, können verschieden hoch vortemperierte Walzen vorgehalten und im Bedarfsfall einer Temperaturänderung ausgetauscht werden.In addition, an incentive for a quick and easy roll change may be to bring about a rapid temperature change of the working surface of a roll. Experience has shown that a temperature change to avoid thermal stresses in the roll material is only possible with 1 to 3 K / min. If there is the option of a quick roll change, different high-preheated rolls can be kept available and, if necessary, a temperature change can be exchanged.

Im Fall konventioneller, nicht durchbiegesteuerbarer Walzen kann zum Fahren verschiedener Linienkräfte im Walzenspalt die Möglichkeit eines schnellen Austauschs unterschiedlich bombierter Walzen wünschenswert sein.In the case of conventional non-flex-controllable rolls, it may be desirable to drive various line forces in the nip to allow rapid replacement of differently cambered rolls.

Der aus der DE 100 05 306 B1 vorbekannte, die eingangs zitierten Merkmale aufweisende Kalander ermöglicht einen Wechsel einer dritten, mit einer ersten einen Nip bildenden Walze gegen eine zweite, mit der ersten Walze den Nip bildenden Walze in kürzester Zeit. Allerdings benötigt er hierzu zweite Schwenkhebel, so dass seine Herstellung aufwendig ist.The from the DE 100 05 306 B1 Previously known, having the features cited calender allows a change of a third, with a first nip forming roller against a second, with the first roller forming the nip roller in a very short time. However, he needs this second pivoting lever, so that its production is complicated.

Auch stehen trotz der aufwendigen Konstruktion lediglich zwei Walzen zur Verfügung, was die Variabilität dieses Kalanders begrenzt.Also, despite the elaborate design, only two rollers are available, which limits the variability of this calender.

Beispielsweise aus der GB 868,498 ist ein Kalander bekannt, bei welchem eine Mehrzahl von Walzen in einer um eine parallel zur Längserstreckung des Nips verlaufende Achse drehbare Einrichtung gelagert sind. Durch Drehung dieser Einrichtung um die Achse lassen sich die verschiedenen Walzen wahlweise zwischen einer Arbeitsposition, in welcher sie zusammen mit einer weiteren Walze den Nip bilden, und einer Parkposition verlagern.For example, from the GB 868,498 a calender is known in which a plurality of rollers are mounted in a rotatable about an axis parallel to the longitudinal extent of the nip axis rotatable device. By rotating this device about the axis, the various rollers can be selectively shifted between a working position in which they form the nip together with another roller, and a parking position.

Nachteilig bei diesen, auch "Revolverkalander" bezeichneten Kalandern ist der mit diesen verbundene, hohe technische Aufwand. Denn um einzelne der verlagerbaren Walzen austauschen zu können, muss regelmäßig fast eine volle Umdrehung des "Revolvers" möglich sein. Dadurch bedingt ist sein Aufbau, der einen unabhängigen Antrieb aller Walzen, ein unabhängiges Heizen und Kühlen der Walzen, sowie das Schmieren aller Lager ermöglicht, konstruktiv aufwendig.A disadvantage of these, also called "revolver calender" calenders is associated with these, high technical complexity. Because in order to be able to exchange individual of the displaceable rollers, regularly almost one full revolution of the "revolver" must be possible. As a result, its construction, which allows independent drive of all rollers, independent heating and cooling of the rollers, as well as the lubrication of all bearings, structurally complex.

Aus der DE 40 35 986 A1 ist ein Kalander mit mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Kalandrierspalten bekannt, bei dem Walzen derart verlagerbar angeordnet sind, dass die Endaufführung einer Bahn in geradem Zug durchführbar ist, also durch den Kalander ein offener Weg frei wird. Eine Walze wirkt hierbei gleichzeitig mit zwei jeweils an einem eigenen Hebel angeordneten Walzen zusammen.From the DE 40 35 986 A1 is a calender with several successive Kalandrierspalten known in which rolls are arranged so displaceable that the final performance of a train in a straight train is feasible, that is through the calender an open path is free. A roller acts in this case simultaneously with two each arranged on its own lever rollers.

Die EP 0 672 785 A2 zeigt einen Doppelkalander. Zwischen den Walzen ist eine Vorrichtung angeordnet, um eine Berührung der einen Walzenspalt bildenden Walzen zu verhindern und einen Nip mit einer definierten Größe aufrechtzuerhalten.The EP 0 672 785 A2 shows a double calender. Between the rollers, a device is arranged to prevent contact of the rollers forming a nip and to maintain a nip of a defined size.

Aus der DE 100 05 306 C1 ist ein Kalander bekannt, mit einer Walze, die mit zwei verschiedenen, jeweils an einem eigenen Schwenkhebel angeordneten Walzen wahlweise einen Nip bildet.From the DE 100 05 306 C1 a calender is known, with a roller, which optionally forms a nip with two different, each arranged on its own pivot lever rollers.

Aus der EP 1 457 272 A2 ist ein Kalander bekannt, dessen zwei oberen Walzen in einem Revolver angeordnet sind, der an einem schwenkbaren Gestelloberteil angeordnet ist.From the EP 1 457 272 A2 For example, a calender is known, whose two upper rollers are arranged in a revolver, which is arranged on a pivotable frame top.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, den aus der DE 100 05 306 C1 bekannten Kalander hinsichtlich des mit seiner Herstellung verbundenen Aufwandes und/oder hinsichtlich der mit ihm zur Verfügung gestellten Möglichkeiten des Walzenaustauschs zu verbessern.The invention is therefore based on the object, from the DE 100 05 306 C1 known calender in terms of associated with its production effort and / or with regard to the possibilities of roller replacement provided with it.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch den in Anspruch 1 wiedergegebenen Kalander gelöst.This object is achieved by the recited in claim 1 calender.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kalander ist die dritte Walze, wie auch die zweite Walze, über die ersten Schwenkhebel am Gestell gelagert.
Um wahlweise die zweite oder die dritte Walze zur Nipbildung mit der ersten Walze verwenden zu können, sind die zweiten und dritten Walzen vorzugsweise relativ zu den ersten Schwenkhebeln verlagerbar angeordnet. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann die zweite und dritte Walze vorzugsweise entlang einer Kurvenbahn verlagerbar angeordnet sein, derart, dass die zweite oder dritte Walze von der den Nip durchlaufenden Warenbahn beabstandet sind, wenn sich die jeweilige Walze in ihrer Parkposition befindet. Aufgrund dieser Maßnahme ist sichergestellt, dass die sich in ihrer Parkposition befindliche Walze das mit dem Kalander erzielte Bearbeitungsergebnis nicht beeinflusst. Es können daher alternativ die zweite oder die dritte Walze zur Nipbildung zusammen mit der ersten Walze Verwendung finden, ohne dass hierzu der Warenbahnverlauf geändert werden müsste.In the calender according to the invention, the third roller, as well as the second roller, mounted on the frame via the first pivot lever.
In order to be able to optionally use the second or the third roller for nip formation with the first roller, the second and third rollers are preferably arranged to be displaceable relative to the first pivoting levers. In a preferred embodiment, the second and third rollers may preferably be arranged to be displaceable along a cam track, such that the second or third roller are spaced from the web passing through the nip when the respective roller is in its parking position. Due to this measure, it is ensured that the roller located in its parking position does not affect the processing result achieved with the calender. It is therefore alternatively possible to use the second or the third roller for nip formation together with the first roller without having to change the material web course for this purpose.

Um - mit anderen Worten - den nötigen Abstand zwischen der sich in ihrer Parkposition befindlichen Walze und der Warenbahn im Betrieb sicherstellen zu können, ist es zusätzlich oder alternativ ebenfalls möglich, den Kalander derart auszubilden, dass die Schwenkachsen der ersten Schwenkhebel relativ zum Gestell verlagerbar angeordnet sind.In order to ensure - in other words - the necessary distance between the located in their parking position roller and the web during operation, it is additionally or alternatively also possible to form the calender so that the pivot axes of the first pivot lever arranged relative to the frame displaceable are.

Bei dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden für einen Walzenwechsel nicht die zweiten und dritten Walzen relativ zu den ersten Schwenkhebeln verlagert. Sondern die zweiten und dritten Walzen sind relativ zu den ersten Schwenkhebeln ortsfest (jedoch dreh- und auswechselbar) vorgesehen. Damit die jeweils in ihrer Parkposition befindliche Walze gegenüber der durch den Nip vorlaufenden Warenbahn einen deutlichen Abstand aufweist, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Verlagerung der Schwenkachse der ersten Schwenkhebel schräg zur Ebene erfolgt, die durch den Warenbahnverlauf vor dem Nip definiert ist.In this preferred embodiment, for a roll change, not the second and third rolls are displaced relative to the first pivot levers. But the second and third rollers are fixed relative to the first pivoting levers (but rotatable and interchangeable) provided. In order for the roller located in its parking position to have a clear distance from the web advancing through the nip, it is advantageous if the displacement of the pivot axis of the first pivot lever is oblique to the plane defined by the web path in front of the nip.

Um die Verlagerbarkeit der Schwenkachsen der ersten Schwenkhebel relativ zum Gestell zu verwirklichen, weist ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders gestellseitige Lagereinrichtungen auf, die relativ zum Gestell verlagerbar angeordnet sind. Die Lagereinrichtungen definieren die Positionen der Schwenkachsen der ersten Schwenkhebel.In order to realize the displaceability of the pivot axes of the first pivot lever relative to the frame, a preferred embodiment of the calender according to the invention on the frame side storage facilities, which are arranged displaceable relative to the frame. The bearings define the positions of the pivot axes of the first pivot levers.

Diese Lagereinrichtungen können insbesondere jeweils zumindest einen Lagerbock umfassen. Gestellseitig ist vorzugsweise für jeden Lagerbock eine Schienenanordnung vorgesehen, die schräg zu einer Ebene verläuft, die senkrecht zu der Ebene ausgerichtet ist, in der die Walzenachsen der den Nip bildenden Walzen liegen.These storage facilities may in particular each comprise at least one bearing block. On the rack side, a rail arrangement is preferably provided for each bearing block, which extends obliquely to a plane which is oriented perpendicular to the plane in which lie the roll axes of the nip forming rollers.

Mit dem zuvor beschriebenen Kalander ist es möglich, die zweite oder die dritte Walze alternativ zur Nipbildung mit der ersten Walze heranzuziehen. Da es jedoch regelmäßig wünschenswert ist, zumindest eine weitere Walze vorhalten zu können, die wahlweise zur Nipbildung mit der ersten Walze herangezogen werden kann, ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kalander eine vierte Walze vorgesehen, die zwischen einer Arbeitsposition, in der sie mit der ersten Walze einen Nip bildet, und einer Parkposition verlagerbar ist, wobei die vierte Walze über zweite Schwenkhebel am Gestell gelagert ist, wobei jeder Schwenkhebel um eine Schwenkachse verschwenkbar ist.With the calender described above, it is possible to use the second or the third roller as an alternative to nip formation with the first roller. However, since it is regularly desirable to be able to provide at least one further roll, which can optionally be used for nip formation with the first roll, a fourth roll is provided in the calender according to the invention, which between a working position in which they with the first roll a Nip forms, and a parking position is displaceable, wherein the fourth roller is mounted on the frame via second pivot lever, wherein each pivot lever is pivotable about a pivot axis.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn darüber hinaus eine fünfte Walze vorgesehen ist, die zwischen einer Arbeitsposition, in der sie mit der ersten Walze einen Nip bildet und einer Parkposition verlagerbar ist, über die zweiten Schwenkhebel an dem Gestell gelagert ist. Die zweiten Schwenkhebel können dann insbesondere und bevorzugt analog der ersten Schwenkhebel, jedoch in Bezug auf eine durch die Mittellängsachsen der den Nip bildenden Walzen gehenden Ebene spiegelbildlich ausgebildet sein.It is particularly preferred if, in addition, a fifth roller is provided which is mounted on the frame via a second pivoting lever between a working position in which it forms a nip with the first roller and is displaceable to a parking position. The second pivot levers can then be designed mirror-inverted in particular and preferably analogously to the first pivot lever, but with respect to a plane passing through the central longitudinal axes of the rollers forming the nip.

Insbesondere können die vierte und die fünfte Walze vorzugsweise entlang einer Kurvenbahn verlagerbar angeordnet sein derart, dass die vierte oder die fünfte Walze von der den Nip durchlaufenden Warenbahn beabstandet sind, wenn sich die jeweilige Walze in ihrer Ruheposition befindet.In particular, the fourth and fifth rollers may preferably be arranged to be displaceable along a cam track such that the fourth or the fifth roller are spaced from the web passing through the nip when the respective roller is in its rest position.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich können die Schwenkachsen der zweiten Schwenkhebel relativ zum Gestell verlagerbar angeordnet sein, vorzugsweise in Richtungen, die schräg zu der Ebene verlaufen, die durch die Warenbahn unmittelbar hinter dem Nip definiert ist.Alternatively or additionally, the pivot axes of the second pivot lever may be arranged displaceable relative to the frame, preferably in directions which extend obliquely to the plane which is defined by the web immediately behind the nip.

Hierzu können gestellseitige Lagereinrichtungen, die die Schwenkachsen der zweiten Schwenkhebel definieren, vorgesehen sein. Diese können entlang von am Gestell vorgesehenen Schienenanordnungen verlagerbar sein, die schräg zu der Ebene, die senkrecht zu der Ebene ausgerichtet ist, in der die Walzenachsen der den Nip bildenden Walzen liegen.For this purpose, frame-side bearing devices that define the pivot axes of the second pivot lever can be provided. These may be displaceable along rail arrangements provided on the frame which are oblique to the plane which is oriented perpendicular to the plane in which the roll axes of the rolls forming the nip lie.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders weisen die ersten Schwenkhebel und die zweiten Schwenkhebel Arretiereinrichtungen auf. Diese Arretiereinrichtungen sind derart ausgebildet, dass die sich in einer Parkposition befindlichen zweiten Schwenkhebel die sich in ihrer Arbeitsposition befindlichen ersten Schwenkhebel arretieren und umgekehrt. Das heißt, die sich in einer Parkposition befindlichen ersten Schwenkhebel arretieren die sich in ihrer Arbeitsposition befindlichen ersten Schwenkhebel.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the calender according to the invention, the first pivot lever and the second pivot lever on locking means. These locking devices are designed in such a way that the second pivot levers located in a parking position lock the first pivot levers located in their working position and vice versa. That is, the first pivot lever located in a parking position lock the first pivot lever located in its working position.

Die Erfindung umfasst die in dieser Druckschrift genannten Merkmale in allen Kombinationen.The invention includes the features mentioned in this document in all combinations.

In einer Ausführungsform gilt das für Oberwalzen ausgeführte für Unterwalzen. In einer Ausführungsform gilt das für Unterwalzen ausgeführte für Oberwalzen.In one embodiment, this applies to top rollers for bottom rollers. In one embodiment, this applies to bottom rollers for top rollers.

Die Unterwalze umfasst in einer Ausführungsform eine erste Walze, unabhängig von ihrer Anordnung. Die erste Walze kann also über oder unter anderen Walzen angeordnet sein.The bottom roll in one embodiment comprises a first roll, regardless of its arrangement. The first roller may thus be arranged above or below other rollers.

Die Oberwalzen umfassen in einer Ausführungsform eine zweite Walze, unabhängig von ihrer Anordnung. Die zweite Walze kann also über oder unter anderen Walzen angeordnet sein.The top rollers in one embodiment comprise a second roller, regardless of their arrangement. The second roller can thus be arranged above or below other rollers.

Die Oberwalzen umfassen in einer Ausführungsform eine dritte Walze, unabhängig von ihrer Anordnung. Die dritte Walze kann also über oder unter anderen Walzen angeordnet sein.The top rollers in one embodiment comprise a third roller, regardless of their arrangement. The third roller can thus be arranged above or below other rollers.

Die Oberwalzen umfassen in einer Ausführungsform eine vierte Walze, unabhängig von ihrer Anordnung. Die vierte Walze kann also über oder unter anderen Walzen angeordnet sein.The top rollers in one embodiment comprise a fourth roller, regardless of their arrangement. The fourth roller may therefore be arranged above or below other rollers.

Die Oberwalzen umfassen in einer Ausführungsform eine fünfte Walze, unabhängig von ihrer Anordnung. Die fünfte Walze kann also über oder unter anderen Walzen angeordnet sein.The top rollers in one embodiment comprise a fifth roller, regardless of their arrangement. The fifth roller may therefore be arranged above or below other rollers.

Soweit sich aus dem Zusammenhang nichts anderes ergibt, sind die Begriffe "Schwenkhebel" und "Schwenkhebelpaare" im Rahmen dieser Druckschrift synonym.Unless otherwise clear from the context, the terms "swivel lever" and "swivel lever pairs" are synonymous in the context of this document.

In der Zeichnung sind - rein schematisch - mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders sowie eine mit dem in den Fig. 1 bis 3 und 5 und 6 gezeigten Kalander verwirklichbare Warenbahnführung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
das erste Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Seitenansicht (Ansicht in Längsrichtung der Walzen) mit sämtlichen der zwischen einer Park- und einer Arbeitsposition verlagerbaren Walzen, wobei die erste Walze mit der zweiten Walze einen Nip bildet;
Fig. 2
das erste Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Fig. 1 entsprechenden Ansicht in einer Arbeitsposition, in welcher die dritte Walze mit der ersten Walze einen Nip bildet;
Fig. 3
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders in einer Arbeitsposition, bei welcher die dritte Walze mit der ersten Walze einen Nip bildet sowie
Fig. 4
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer mit den in Fig. 1 bis 3 und 5 und 6 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen verwirklichbaren Warenbahnführung;
Fig. 5 und 6
eine Seitenansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Kalanders.
In the drawing - purely schematically - several embodiments of the calender according to the invention and one with the in the Fig. 1 to 3 and 5 and 6 shown calender realizable web guide shown. Show it:
Fig. 1
the first embodiment in a side view (view in the longitudinal direction of the rollers) with all of the movable between a parking and a working position rollers, wherein the first roller with the second roller forms a nip;
Fig. 2
the first embodiment in one Fig. 1 corresponding view in a working position in which the third roller forms a nip with the first roller;
Fig. 3
a second embodiment of a calender according to the invention in a working position, wherein the third roller with the first roller forms a nip and
Fig. 4
a schematic representation of a with the in Fig. 1 to 3 and 5 and 6 illustrated embodiments realizable web guide;
FIGS. 5 and 6
a side view of a third embodiment of a calender.

Das in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte, als Ganzes mit 10100 bezeichnete erste Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders umfasst ein Gestell 101, in welchem eine erste Walze 102 angeordnet ist. Die erste Walze 102 ist an einem Schlitten 103 gelagert, der mit Hilfe einer hydraulisch betätigbaren Kolben/Zylinderanordnung 104 senkrecht zur Längserstreckung der Walze 101 im Gestell verlagerbar ist, und zwar hier in vertikaler Richtung. Die Kolben/Zylinderanordnung 104 dient auch zur Anstellung der ersten Walze 102 gegen eine weitere Walze zwecks Nipbildung, wie weiter unten noch beschrieben werden wird. Die erste Walze 102 kann als beheizte, durchbiegesteuerbare Walze mit einem glatten Walzenmantel oder auch in anderer Weise ausgebildet sein.That in the Fig. 1 and 2 illustrated, designated as a whole with 10100 first embodiment of the calender according to the invention comprises a frame 101, in which a first roller 102 is arranged. The first roller 102 is mounted on a carriage 103, which is displaceable by means of a hydraulically actuated piston / cylinder assembly 104 perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the roller 101 in the frame, in this case in the vertical direction. The piston / cylinder assembly 104 also serves to position the first roller 102 against another roller for nip formation, as will be described below. The first roller 102 may be formed as a heated, deflection-controllable roller with a smooth roll shell or in other ways.

An dem Gestell 101 sind erste Schwenkhebel 105 um erste Schwenkachsen 107 schwenkbar gelagert. Die ersten Schwenkhebel umfassen einen vorderen, in der Zeichnung erkennbaren Schwenkhebel und einen von diesem in Richtung senkrecht zur Zeichenebene beabstandeten baugleichen, hinteren Schwenkhebel, der in der Zeichnung nicht erkennbar ist. Die folgende Beschreibung gilt sowohl für den vorderen, sichtbaren ersten Schwenkhebel 105, als auch für den hinteren Schwenkhebel entsprechend, auch wenn dies nicht ausdrücklich erwähnt ist.On the frame 101 first pivot lever 105 are pivotally mounted about first pivot axes 107. The first pivot levers comprise a front, visible in the drawing pivot lever and a distance from this in the direction perpendicular to the plane identical, rear pivot lever, which is not visible in the drawing. The following description applies equally to the front, visible first pivot lever 105, as well as the rear pivot lever, although not explicitly mentioned.

Die ersten Schwenkhebel 105 sind als zweiarmige Hebel ausgebildet. An dem ersten, in der Zeichnung rechts dargestellten Arm 105' ist jeweils eine Schienenanordnung 108 vorgesehen, die der Anbringung einer zweiten Walze 106 dient. Hierzu ist die zweite Walze 106 um ihre Längsachse S2 drehbar in einer Schlittenanordnung 109 gelagert, die entlang der Schienenanordnung 108 verlagerbar ist.The first pivot levers 105 are designed as two-armed lever. On the first arm 105 'shown on the right in the drawing, a rail arrangement 108 is provided, which serves to attach a second roller 106. For this purpose, the second roller 106 is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis S2 in a carriage assembly 109 which is displaceable along the rail assembly 108.

Die Schienenanordnung 108 erstreckt sich entlang des in der in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Arbeitsposition der ersten Schwenkhebel jeweils oberen Randes 1010 und ist entsprechend der Kontur des oberen Randes als Kurvenbahn ausgebildet.The rail assembly 108 extends along the in Fig. 1 and 2 shown working position of the first pivot lever each upper edge 1010 and is formed according to the contour of the upper edge as a curved path.

Der Verlagerung der Schlittenanordnung 109 entlang der Schienenanordnung 108 dient ein Linearversteller 1011, der als pneumatisch oder hydraulisch betätigbare Kolben/Zylindereinheit oder in sonstiger bekannter Weise ausgebildet sein kann. Das eine Ende des Linearverstellers ist am jeweiligen ersten Schwenkhebel 105, das andere Ende an der jeweiligen Schienenanordnung 108 angelenkt.The displacement of the carriage assembly 109 along the rail assembly 108 is a Linearversteller 1011, which may be formed as a pneumatically or hydraulically actuated piston / cylinder unit or in any other known manner. The one end of the linear adjuster is articulated on the respective first pivot lever 105, the other end on the respective rail arrangement 108.

An der Schlittenanordnung 109 ist darüber hinaus eine dritte Walze 1012 um ihre Längsachse S3 drehbar gelagert. Die Längsachse S3 ist von der Längsachse S2 um einen Winkelabstand α beabstandet, welcher etwa dem maximalen Winkel a, um welchen die Schlittenanordnung 109 auf der Schienenanordnung 108 mit Hilfe des Linearverstellers 1010 verlagerbar ist, entspricht.In addition, a third roller 1012 is mounted rotatably about its longitudinal axis S3 on the carriage arrangement 109. The longitudinal axis S3 is spaced from the longitudinal axis S2 by an angular distance α, which corresponds approximately to the maximum angle a, by which the carriage assembly 109 is displaceable on the rail assembly 108 by means of the linear adjuster 1010.

Wie in Fig. 1 und 2 erkennbar ist, greift im Bereich des äußeren Endes eines zweiten Arms 105" des zweiarmigen Schwenkhebels 105 ein Schwenkantrieb 1013 an, der als ein Spindelhubgetriebe 1014 umfassender Linearantrieb ausgebildet ist.As in Fig. 1 and 2 can be seen engages in the region of the outer end of a second arm 105 "of the two-armed pivot lever 105, a pivot drive 1013, which is designed as a screw jack 1014 comprehensive linear drive.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Betriebszustand des Kalanders 10100 dargestellt, bei welchem sich die ersten Schwenkhebel 105 in ihrer Arbeitsposition befinden. In dieser befindet sich entweder die zweite Walze 106, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, in ihrer Arbeitsposition und bildet mit der ersten Walze 102 einen Nip 1015. die dritte Walze 1012 befindet sich dann in ihrer Parkposition. Oder - wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt - die dritte Walze befindet sich in ihrer Arbeitsposition und bildet mit der ersten Walze 102 den Nip 1015. Dann befindet sich die zweite Walze 106 in ihrer Parkposition.In Fig. 1 an operating state of the calender 10100 is shown in which the first pivot levers 105 are in their working position. In this is either the second roller 106, as in Fig. 1 shown in their working position and forms with the first roller 102 a nip 1015. the third roller 1012 is then in its parking position. Or - as in Fig. 2 - The third roller is in its working position and forms with the first roller 102, the nip 1015th Then, the second roller 106 is in its parking position.

Um einen Wechsel zwischen der zweiten Walze 106 und der dritten Walze 1012 zur Nipbildung mit der ersten Walze 102 vornehmen zu können, wird mit Hilfe des Linearverstellers 1011 die Schlittenanordnung 109 zwischen ihrer in Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Extremstellung, in welcher sie sich bezogen auf die zeichnerische Darstellung am linken Anschlag befindet, und ihrer in Fig. 2 dargestellten Extremstellung, in welcher sie sich gemäß der zeichnerischen Darstellung in ihrer rechten Extremstellung befindet, verlagert. Um hierbei kurzzeitig den Nip zu öffnen, kann entweder die erste Walze mittels der Kolben/Zylinderanordnung 104 für die Dauer der Verlagerung der Schlittenanordnung 109 abgesenkt werden. Oder die ersten Schwenkhebel 105 werden - wie bevorzugt - mit Hilfe der Schwenkantriebe 1013 kurz angehoben. Eine Veränderung der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Warenbahnführung, insbesondere Verlagerung einer Umlenkwalze 1024 einer Warenbahnförderung 1025, ist dann nicht erforderlich.In order to make a change between the second roller 106 and the third roller 1012 for nip formation with the first roller 102, with the aid of the linear adjuster 1011, the slide assembly 109 between its in Fig. 1 represented in the first extreme position in which it is based on the graphic representation of the left stop, and their in Fig. 2 shown extreme position in which it is located according to the graphic representation in its right extreme position. In order to briefly open the nip, either the first roller can be lowered by means of the piston / cylinder arrangement 104 for the duration of the displacement of the carriage arrangement 109. Or the first pivot lever 105 are - as preferred - briefly raised by means of the rotary actuators 1013. A change of in Fig. 4 shown web guide, in particular displacement of a guide roller 1024 a web conveying 1025, is then not required.

Mit Hilfe der Schwenkantriebe 1013 ist es möglich, die ersten Schwenkhebel 105 zwischen ihren in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Arbeitspositionen, in welchen die oberen Ränder 1016 etwa parallel zum unteren Rand 1017 des Gestells 101 verlaufen, und Parkpositionen, in welchen die oberen Ränder 1016 etwa senkrecht zum unteren Rand 1017 verlaufen, zu verlagern. In diesen Parkpositionen sind sowohl die erste Walze 102, als auch die zweite und die dritte Walze von außen gut zugänglich, was beispielsweise zum Zwecke der Auswechslung oder zur Wartung von großem Vorteil ist.With the help of the rotary actuators 1013, it is possible, the first pivot lever 105 between their in Fig. 1 and 2 shown working positions in which the upper edges 1016 extend approximately parallel to the lower edge 1017 of the frame 101, and Park positions in which the upper edges 1016 extend approximately perpendicular to the lower edge 1017 to relocate. In these parking positions, both the first roller 102, and the second and the third roller from the outside are easily accessible, which is for example for the purpose of replacement or maintenance of great advantage.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders 10100 weist darüber hinaus zweite Schwenkhebel 1018 auf, die um zweite Schwenkachsen 1019 verschwenkbar an dem Gestell 101 gelagert sind.The embodiment of the calender 10100 according to the invention also has second pivot levers 1018, which are mounted on the frame 101 so as to be pivotable about second pivot axes 1019.

Die zweiten Schwenkhebel 1018 sind bezüglich der Ebene E, die durch die beiden Längsachsen der Nip bildenden Walzen definiert ist, spiegelbildlich zu dem ersten Schwenkhebel 105 an dem Gestell 1 angeordnet und auch spiegelbildlich zu dem ersten Schwenkhebel 105 ausgebildet. Dementsprechend sind die zweiten Schwenkhebel 1018 wiederum als zweiarmige Hebel ausgebildet. Die können mit einem zweiten Schwenkantrieb 1020, der ein zweites Spindelhubgetriebe 1021 umfasst und der an einem Ende des zweiten Arms 1018' angreift, zwischen einer in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Parkposition und einer Arbeitsposition, die - spiegelbildlich - derjenigen entspricht, in der in Fig. 1 und 2 die ersten Schwenkhebel 105 dargestellt sind, verlagert werden.The second pivot lever 1018 are with respect to the plane E, which is defined by the two longitudinal axes of the nip forming rollers, arranged in mirror image to the first pivot lever 105 on the frame 1 and also formed in mirror image to the first pivot lever 105. Accordingly, the second pivot lever 1018 are again designed as a two-armed lever. The can with a second pivot drive 1020, which includes a second Spindelhubgetriebe 1021 and which engages at one end of the second arm 1018 ', between a in Fig. 1 and 2 illustrated parking position and a working position, which - in mirror image - corresponds to that in the in Fig. 1 and 2 the first pivot levers 105 are shown are relocated.

Der jeweilige erste Arm 1018' der zweiten Schwenkhebel 1018 umfasst analog zur Ausbildung der ersten Schwenkhebel 105 eine Ausnehmung mit einem in Arbeitsposition oberen Rand 1026, der gekrümmt ist und entlang dessen sich eine Schienenanordnung 1027 erstreckt. Entlang der durch die Schienenanordnung vorgegebenen Kurvenbahn ist wiederum eine Schlittenanordnung 1028 verlagerbar vorgesehen. Der Verlagerung dient ein an jedem der zweiten Schwenkhebel 1018 vorgesehener Linearversteller 1029, der wiederum beispielsweise als hydraulische oder pneumatischer Kolben/Zylindereinheit oder in sonstiger Weise ausgebildet sein kann.The respective first arm 1018 'of the second pivoting levers 1018 comprises, analogously to the construction of the first pivoting levers 105, a recess with an upper edge 1026 in the working position, which is curved and along which a rail arrangement 1027 extends. A slide arrangement 1028 is again provided displaceably along the curved path predetermined by the rail arrangement. The displacement serves a provided on each of the second pivot lever 1018 Linearversteller 1029, which in turn may be formed, for example, as a hydraulic or pneumatic piston / cylinder unit or in any other way.

Die Schlittenanordnung dient der Lagerung einer vierten Walze 1030 und einer fünften Walze 1031 in einer der Lagerung der zweiten Walze 106 und dritten Walze 1012 entsprechenden Weise.The carriage arrangement serves to support a fourth roller 1030 and a fifth roller 1031 in a manner corresponding to the bearing of the second roller 106 and third roller 1012.

Werden anstelle der ersten Schwenkhebel 105 nach Verlagerung in deren Parkposition die zweiten Schwenkhebel 1018 in deren Arbeitsposition verlagert, so können wahlweise die vierte Walze 1030 oder die fünfte Walze 1031 in ihre jeweilige Park- und in ihre jeweilige Arbeitsposition mit Hilfe der Linearversteller 1029 verlagert werden. Dies geschieht analog zur zweiten Walze 106 und dritten Walze 1012, nachdem der Nip kurzzeitig durch Absenken der ersten Walze 102 oder geringfügiges Verschwenken der zweiten Schwenkhebel 1018 geöffnet worden ist.If, instead of the first pivot lever 105, the second pivot lever 1018 is displaced into its working position after being displaced into its parked position, then either the fourth roller 1030 or the fifth roller 1031 are displaced into their respective parking and working positions with the aid of the linear adjuster 1029. This is analogous to the second roller 106 and third roller 1012, after the nip has been briefly opened by lowering the first roller 102 or slight pivoting of the second pivot lever 1018.

Damit Reaktionskräfte zu den im Nip wirkenden Kräften nicht nur über die ersten und zweiten Schwenkachsen 107, 1019 sowie die ersten und zweiten Schwenkantriebe 1013, 1020 in das Gestell eingeleitet werden, weisen die ersten und zweiten Schwenkhebel 105 schwenkachsennahe Arretiermittel 1032 und schwenkachsenferne Arretiermittel 1033 auf. Die Arretiermittel sind derart angeordnet und ausgebildet, dass das schwenkachsennahe Arretiermittel der jeweils in ihrer Parkposition befindlichen Schwenkhebel die schwenkachsenfernen Arretiermittel 1033 der in ihren Arbeitspositionen befindlichen Schwenkhebel übergreifen und somit auf die in ihrer Arbeitsposition befindlichen Schwenkbügel wirkende Reaktionskräfte auch über die Schwenkachsen und die Linearversteller der in ihrer Parkposition befindlichen Schwenkhebel in das Gestell eingeleitet werden.So that reaction forces to the forces acting in the nip not only on the first and second pivot axes 107, 1019 and the first and second pivot drives 1013, 1020 are introduced into the frame, the first and second pivot lever 105 pivot axis near locking means 1032 and pivot axis remote locking means 1033 on. The locking means are arranged and designed such that the pivot axis near locking of each located in their parking position pivot lever overlap the pivot axis remote locking means 1033 located in their working positions pivot lever and thus acting on the located in their working position swivel bracket reaction forces also on the pivot axes and the linear adjuster of their parking position located pivot lever are introduced into the frame.

Bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders 10200 ist wiederum in einem Gestell 10101 eine erste Walze 10102 angeordnet. Sie ist an einem Schlitten 10103 gelagert, der mit Hilfe einer hydraulisch betätigbaren Kolben/Zylinderanordnung 10104 senkrecht zur Längserstreckung der Walze 10102 im Gestell 10101 verlagerbar ist, und zwar hier in vertikaler Richtung. Die Kolben/Zylinderanordnung 10104 dient wiederum auch zur Anstellung der ersten Walze 10102 gegen eine weitere Walze zwecks Nipbildung, wie weiter unten noch beschrieben werden wird. Die erste Walze 10102 kann als beheizte, durchbiegesteuerbare Walze mit einem glatten Walzenmantel oder auch in anderer Weise ausgebildet sein.At the in Fig. 3 illustrated second embodiment of the calender 10200 according to the invention, in turn, in a frame 10101, a first roller 10102 is arranged. It is mounted on a carriage 10103, which is displaceable by means of a hydraulically actuated piston / cylinder assembly 10104 perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the roller 10102 in the frame 10101, in this case in the vertical direction. The piston / cylinder arrangement 10104 in turn also serves to set the first roller 10102 against another roller for the purpose of nip formation, as will be described below. The first roll 10102 may be formed as a heated, deflection-controllable roll with a smooth roll shell or in some other way.

Wie auch bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders 10100 sind zwei erste Schwenkhebel 10105 vorgesehen, von denen in der Zeichnung lediglich der dem Betrachter zugewandte, vordere Schwenkhebel erkennbar ist. Die ersten Schwenkhebel 10105 dienen der Lagerung einer zweiten Walze 10106 und einer dritten Walze 10112 jeweils an einem ihrer Enden.As in the case of the first embodiment of the calender 10100 according to the invention, two first pivot levers 10105 are provided, of which only the front pivot lever facing the viewer can be seen in the drawing. The first pivot levers 10105 are for supporting a second roller 10106 and a third roller 10112 at one end thereof, respectively.

Die ersten Schwenkhebel 10105 sind um eine erste Schwenkachse 10107 verschwenkbar an dem Gestell 10101 gelagert, und zwar derart, dass sie sich entweder in einer der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Arbeitspositionen befinden, in denen entweder die zweite Walze 10106, oder - wie bei dem in Fig. 3 mit durchgezogener Linie dargestellten Betriebszustand - die dritte Walze 10112 mit der ersten Walze 10102 einen Nip 10115 bildet oder sich in einer Ruheposition, in der die zweite und die dritte Walze zur ersten Walze beabstandet sind, befinden.The first pivot levers 10105 are pivotally mounted about a first pivot axis 10107 on the frame 10101, in such a way that it either in one of the in Fig. 3 are located in which either the second roller 10106, or - as in the in Fig. 3 shown in solid line - the third roller 10112 with the first roller 10102 forms a nip 10115 or in a rest position, in which the second and the third roller to the first roller are spaced.

Hierzu sind die ersten Schwenkhebel 10105 als zweiarmige Hebel ausgebildet, wobei an dem ersten Arm 10105' die zweite und dritte Walze 10106, 10112 gelagert sind und am Ende des zweiten Arms 10105" ein Schwenkantrieb 10113 angreift, der seinerseits an dem Gestell 10101 gelagert ist.For this purpose, the first pivot lever 10105 are designed as two-armed lever, wherein on the first arm 10105 'the second and third rollers 10106, 10112 are mounted and at the end of the second arm 10105 "a pivot drive 10113 attacks, which in turn is mounted on the frame 10101.

Der Schwenkantrieb umfasst ein Spindelhubgetriebe 10114.The pivot drive comprises a screw jack 10114.

Bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Betriebszustand befindet sich die dritte Walze 10112 in ihrer Arbeitsposition und bildet mit der ersten Walze 10102 den Nip 10115.At the in Fig. 3 shown operating state, the third roller 10112 is in its working position and forms with the first roller 10102 the nip 10115th

Um einen Walzenwechsel zwischen der dritten Walze 10112 und der zweiten Walze 10106 vornehmen zu können, d.h. die dritte Walze 10112 in eine Parkposition und die zweite Walze 10106 in die Arbeitsposition bringen zu können, sind die ersten Schwenkhebel nicht nur mit Hilfe des Schwenkantriebs 10113 um ihre ersten Schwenkachsen 10107 verschwenkbar an dem Gestell 10101 gelagert, sondern die ersten Schwenkachsen 10107 sind relativ zum Gestell 10101 verlagerbar angeordnet. Hierzu sind gestellseitig Lagerböcke umfassende Lagereinrichtungen 10108, die die Positionen der Schwenkachsen 10107 der ersten Schwenkhebel 10105 definieren, vorgesehen, wobei die Lagereinrichtungen 10108 entlang jeweils einer Schienenanordnung 10109 mit Hilfe von in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Linearverstellern verlagerbar sind.In order to make a roll change between the third roll 10112 and the second roll 10106, i. the first roller 10112 in a parking position and the second roller 10106 to be brought into the working position, the first pivot lever are not only with the aid of the pivot drive 10113 about its first pivot axes 10107 pivotally mounted on the frame 10101, but the first pivot axes 10107 are relative to Rack 10101 arranged displaceable. For this purpose, the bearing side bearing blocks comprehensive storage facilities 10108, which define the positions of the pivot axes 10107 of the first pivot lever 10105, is provided, the storage facilities 10108 along each rail assembly 10109 by means of linear Verstellers not shown in the drawing are displaced.

Wie in Fig. 3 deutlich erkennbar ist, ist die Schienenanordnung 10109 vom Nip 10115 aus gesehen nach oben ansteigend ausgerichtet. Auf diese Weise werden die Schwenkachsen 10107 der ersten Schwenkhebel 10105 bei einer Fortverlagerung vom Nip 10115 auch mit einer vertikalen Komponente verlagert, wodurch auch die dritte Walze 10112 beim Verlagern aus der Arbeits- in eine Parkposition mit einer vertikal nach oben gerichteten Bewegungskomponente verlagert wird. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, eine etwa horizontale, konventionelle Zufuhr einer Warenbahn 10W, die weiter unten noch beschrieben werden wird, zu verwirklichen.As in Fig. 3 is clearly visible, the rail assembly 10109 is oriented upward from the nip 10115 seen. In this way, the pivot axes 10107 of the first pivot lever 10105 are displaced in a further displacement of the nip 10115 also with a vertical component, whereby the third Roller 10112 is displaced during displacement from the work to a parking position with a vertically upward movement component. In this way it is possible to realize an approximately horizontal, conventional supply of a web 10W, which will be described below.

Während einer Verlagerung der ersten Schwenkachsen 10107 entlang der Schienenanordnung 10109 wird synchron der Schwenkantrieb 10113 betätigt, bis die ersten Schwenkhebel 10105 die in Fig. 3 links gestrichelt dargestellte weitere Arbeitsposition eingenommen haben, in welcher sich die dritte Walze 10112 in einer Parkposition und die zweite Walze 10106 in einer Arbeitsposition befindet, in der sie mit der ersten Walze 10102 den Nip 10115 bildet. Um hierbei kurzzeitig den Nip zu öffnen, kann entweder die erste Walze mittels der Kolben/Zylinderanordnung 10104 für die Dauer der Verlagerung der Schwenkachsen 10107 abgesenkt werden. Oder die Schwenkhebel 10105 werden - wie bevorzugt - mit Hilfe der Schwenkantriebe 10113 kurz angehoben. Eine Veränderung der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Warenbahnführung, insbesondere Verlagerung der Umlenkwalze 1024 der Warenbahnförderung 1025 ist dann nicht erforderlich.During a displacement of the first pivot axes 10107 along the rail assembly 10109, the pivot drive 10113 is synchronously actuated until the first pivot levers 10105, the in Fig. 3 in the left-hand dotted line, in which the third roller 10112 is in a parking position and the second roller 10106 is in a working position in which it forms the nip 10115 with the first roller 10102. In order to temporarily open the nip, either the first roller can be lowered by means of the piston / cylinder arrangement 10104 for the duration of the displacement of the pivot axes 10107. Or, as is preferred, the 10105 swivel levers are raised briefly with the help of the 10113 quarter-turn actuators. A change of in Fig. 4 shown web guide, in particular displacement of the guide roller 1024 of the web conveying 1025 is then not required.

Das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders 10200 umfasst des Weiteren zur Ebene E, die durch die Längsachsen der beiden den Nip 10115 bildenden Walzen definiert ist, zu den ersten Schwenkhebeln 10105 spiegelbildlich ausgebildete und an dem Gestell 10101 spiegelbildlich angeordnete zweite Schwenkhebel 10118. Am ersten Arm 10118' sind eine vierte Walze 10130 und eine fünfte Walze 10131 gelagert. Am zweiten Arm 10118" greift ein zweiter Schwenkantrieb 10120 an, welcher ein zweites Spindelhubgetriebe 10121 umfasst. Für jeden zweiten Schwenkhebel 10118 ist ein eigener zweiter Schwenkantrieb 10120 vorgesehen. Mit ihm ist der jeweilige Schwenkhebel um eine zweite Schwenkachse 10119 zwischen der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Parkposition und Arbeitspositionen, die - spiegelbildlich - denjenigen entsprechen, in denen die ersten Schwenkhebel 10105 dargestellt sind, verschwenkbar.The second embodiment of the calender 10200 according to the invention further comprises to the plane E, which is defined by the longitudinal axes of the two rolls forming the nip 10115 mirrored to the first pivoting levers 10105 and second mirrored to the frame 10101 second pivot lever 10118. On the first arm 10118th A fourth roller 10130 and a fifth roller 10131 are mounted. The second arm 10118 "is engaged by a second pivot drive 10120 which comprises a second screw jack 10121. A separate second pivot drive 10120 is provided for each second pivot lever 10118. With it, the respective pivot lever is mounted about a second pivot axis 10119 between the pivot axis Fig. 3 illustrated parking position and working positions, which - mirror images - correspond to those in which the first pivot lever 10105 are shown, pivotable.

Um wahlweise die vierte oder die fünfte Walze 10130, 10131 in Park- oder die Arbeitsposition bringen zu können, ist eine zweite einen Lagerbock umfassende Lagereinrichtung 10127 vorgesehen, die wiederum mit Hilfe eines in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Linearverstellers entlang einer zweiten Schienenanordnung 10128 verlagerbar ist. Da die Lagereinrichtung 10127 die zweite Schwenkachse 10119 definiert, und die zweite Schienenanordnung 10128 zur Ebene E spiegelbildlich zur Schienenanordnung 10109 ausgerichtet ist, kann ein Wechsel zwischen der vierten und der fünften Walze analog zum Wechsel zwischen der zweiten und der dritten Walze erfolgen. Es versteht sich, dass zuvor die ersten Schwenkhebel 10105 in ihre Parkpositionen verlagert werden müssen, die - wiederum zur Ebene E spiegelbildlich - den in Fig. 3 dargestellten Parkpositionen der zweiten Schwenkhebel 10118 entsprechen.In order to be able to bring the fourth or the fifth roller 10130, 10131 into park or working position, a second bearing device 10127 comprising a bearing block is provided, which in turn is mounted along a second rail arrangement 10128 by means of a linear adjuster, not shown in the drawing is relocatable. Since the bearing device 10127 defines the second pivot axis 10119, and the second rail assembly 10128 is aligned with the plane E mirror image of the rail assembly 10109, a change between the fourth and the fifth roll can be analogous to the change between the second and the third roller. It is understood that previously the first pivot lever 10105 must be moved to their parking positions, which - again mirrored to the plane E - the in Fig. 3 Park positions represented the second pivot lever 10118 correspond.

Sämtliche Schwenkhebel 105, 1018; 10105, 10118 sind als doppelwandige Hebel ausgebildet und umgreifen eine Lagerlasche des Gestells 101, 10101 beidseitig. Hierdurch wird eine sehr stabile Lagerung des jeweiligen Schwenkhebels im Gestell erreicht, die ein Kippen des Schwenkhebels relativ zum Gestell in einer anderen Richtung als die Schwenkbewegung zuverlässig verhindert. Für jede Walze existiert - wie bereits zuvor erwähnt - ein Schwenkhebelpaar, wobei jeder Schwenkhebel eines Paares die Walze in einem ihrer beiden Endbereiche drehbar aufnimmt. In der Zeichnung ist jeweils nur der dem Betrachter zugewandte Schwenkhebel eines Schwenkhebelpaares erkennbar. Die nicht erkennbaren Schwenkhebel eines jeden Schwenkhebelpaares weisen die gleichen Ausgestaltungen wie die erkennbaren Schwenkhebel auf. Ferner sind für die nicht erkennbaren Schwenkhebelpaare die gleichen Lagereinrichtungen sowie Schwenkantriebe, Schienenanordnungen und Linearversteller vorgesehen.All pivot levers 105, 1018; 10105, 10118 are designed as double-walled lever and engage around a bearing lug of the frame 101, 10101 on both sides. As a result, a very stable mounting of the respective pivot lever is achieved in the frame, which reliably prevents tilting of the pivot lever relative to the frame in a direction other than the pivoting movement. For each roller exists - as already mentioned before - a pivot lever pair, each pivot lever of a pair rotatably receiving the roller in one of its two end portions. In the drawing, only the swivel lever facing the viewer of a pair of swivel levers is recognizable. The unrecognizable pivot lever of each pivot lever pair have the same configurations as the recognizable pivot lever. Furthermore, the same storage facilities and part-turn actuators, rail arrangements and linear adjusters are provided for the unrecognizable swivel lever pairs.

Eine mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders zu behandelnde Warenbahn kann zwischen den beiden Schwenkhebeln eines Schwenkhebelpaares hindurchgeführt werden und es kann so die in Fig. 4 schematisch dargestellte Warenbahnführung verwirklicht werden. Bei dieser wird beispielsweise unterstützt durch ein Siebband 1022 eine Warenbahn 10W, beispielsweise in Form einer Lage von Filamenten, dem zwischen der ersten Walze 102 und einer der zweiten bis fünften Walze 106, 1012, 1030, 1031; 10106, 10112, 10130, 10131 gebildeten Nip 1015, 10115 zugeführt und in diesem verfestigt. Über geeignete Kühlwalzen 1023 wird die Warenbahn in Vorlaufrichtung V einer weiteren Verwendung zugeleitet. Bei der dargestellten Warenbahnführung ist gewährleistet, dass die Warenbahn den Nip ohne weitere Berührung der Walzen verlässt, wodurch eine thermische Schädigung der nicht zu verfestigenden Bereiche vermieden wird. Auch ist aufgrund der Anordnung der Umlenkrolle 1024 in unmittelbarer Nähe des Nips und mit deren horizontaler Tangente oberhalb des Nips dafür gesorgt, dass die unverfestigte Ware - fixiert auf dem Transportband - möglichst nah an den Nip herangeführt werden kann. Schließlich erfolgt der Warenbahnzulauf nahezu parallel zur Ebene, in der der Nip liegt (Nipebene), so dass die Umlenkwalze 1024 nur um einen kleinen Winkel umschlungen wird. Aufgrund dieser Maßnahme ist die Gefahr, dass die Ware an dem Siebband 1022 haften bleibt und reißt, reduziert. Mit der Ebene, in der der Nip liegt (Nipebene), wird im Rahmen dieser Druckschrift insbesondere die senkrecht zur Pressebene eines Nips verlaufende Ebene bezeichnet.A to be treated by means of the calender according to the invention web can be passed between the two pivot levers of a pair of pivot levers and it can so in Fig. 4 shown schematically web guide can be realized. In this, for example, supported by a screen belt 1022, a web 10W, for example in the form of a layer of filaments, between the first roller 102 and one of the second to fifth rollers 106, 1012, 1030, 1031; 10106, 10112, 10130, 10131 formed nip 1015, 10115 supplied and solidified in this. By suitable cooling rollers 1023, the web is fed in the forward direction V for further use. In the illustrated web guide it is ensured that the web leaves the nip without further contact with the rollers, whereby a thermal damage to the non-solidifying areas is avoided. Also, due to the arrangement of the pulley 1024 in the immediate vicinity of the Nips and their horizontal tangent above the nip ensured that the unconsolidated product - fixed on the conveyor belt - can be brought as close to the nip. Finally, the web feed takes place almost parallel to the plane in which the nip is located (nip plane), so that the deflecting roller 1024 is only looped around by a small angle. Due to this measure, the risk of the goods sticking to the screen belt 1022 and tearing is reduced. With the plane in which the nip is located (Nipebene), is referred to in the context of this document in particular the plane perpendicular to the press plane of a nip plane.

Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Kalander ist die Versorgung der Lager mit Schmiermittel auf einfache Weise zu bewerkstelligen. Denn aufgrund der Anordnung der alternativ zur Nipbildung verwendbaren zweiten bis fünften Walzen an Schwenkhebeln werden die Lagerkörper nur um Winkel < 180°, je nach Ausgestaltung der Schwenkhebel nur um Winkel ≤ 150°, ≤ 120° oder sogar ≤ 90° bei einem Verlagern zwischen Arbeits- und Parkposition verdreht. Dies ist insbesondere bei einer Lagerschmierung ohne berührende Dichtungen und folglich drucklosem, nur der Schwerkraft folgenden Ölablauf, wie er üblicherweise bei beheizten Walzen zum Einsatz kommt, ein großer Vorteil. Lagerschmierölabläufe und -rücklaufleitungen mit Schwerkraftförderung sind dadurch einfach ausführbar.In a calender according to the invention the supply of the bearings with lubricant is to accomplish in a simple manner. Because due to the arrangement of alternatively usable for nip formation second to fifth rolls of pivoting levers, the bearing body only by angle <180 °, depending on the design of the pivot lever only by angle ≤ 150 °, ≤ 120 ° or even ≤ 90 ° at a shift between working - and parking position twisted. This is a great advantage, in particular in the case of bearing lubrication without contacting seals and, consequently, pressureless, gravity-only oil drainage, as conventionally used in heated rolls. Bearing lubricating oil drains and return lines with gravity feed are thus easily executable.

Ferner ist es von Vorteil, einen erfindungsgemäßen Kalander derart auszubilden, dass die Walzen auch in ihrer Parkposition drehantreibbar sind. Denn insbesondere bei erhöhten Walzentemperaturen, ganz besonders bei Walzentemperaturen > 80°C, müssen die Walzen kontinuierlich rotiert werden, um bleibende Verformungen zu vermeiden. Es können hierzu sämtliche Walzen, zumindest die zweiten bis fünften Walzen mit eigenen Drehantrieben versehen sein, die in der Zeichnung nicht erkennbar sind. Durch eigene Drehantriebe erübrigt sich auch ein eventuell ansonsten notwendiges An- und Abkoppeln eines gemeinsamen Drehantriebs. Damit nicht separate Antriebsböcke für die eigenen Drehantriebe mit den Walzen verlagert werden müssen, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die eigenen Drehantriebe als "Direktantriebe" ausgebildet sind.Further, it is advantageous to form a calender according to the invention such that the rollers are rotatably drivable in their parking position. Because especially at elevated roller temperatures, especially at roller temperatures> 80 ° C, the rollers must be rotated continuously to avoid permanent deformation. For this purpose, all rollers, at least the second to fifth rollers, can be provided with their own rotary drives, which are not recognizable in the drawing. Its own rotary drives also make any otherwise necessary coupling and uncoupling of a common rotary drive unnecessary. So that separate drive blocks for the own rotary drives with the rollers do not have to be moved, it is advantageous if the own rotary actuators are designed as "direct drives".

In dem in den Fig. 5 und 6 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel weist das Gestell 1 ein erstes ortsfestes Gestellteil OT und ein zweites Gestellteil VT auf, wobei das zweite Gestellteil VT verlagerbar zu dem ersten Gestellteil OT vorgesehen ist. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist das zweite Gestellteil VT von der Seite betrachtet zumindest in etwa "U"-förmig ausgebildet.In the in the Fig. 5 and 6 In the embodiment shown, the frame 1 has a first stationary frame part OT and a second frame part VT, the second frame part VT being displaceable relative to the first frame part OT. In this Embodiment, the second frame part VT viewed from the side is at least approximately "U" shaped.

Es ist genau eine Unterwalze 5 vorgesehen und diese ist an dem ersten Gestellteil OT gelagert. Sie ist, mit Ausnahme der Zustellbewegung, nicht verlagerbar. An dem zweiten Gestellteil VT sind zwei Schwenkhebelpaare 3, 4 gelagert, mit jeweils zwei Oberwalzen 2, 2',2",2"'.There is exactly one lower roller 5 and this is mounted on the first frame part OT. It is, with the exception of the delivery movement, not relocatable. On the second frame part VT two pairs of pivot lever 3, 4 are mounted, each with two top rollers 2, 2 ', 2 ", 2"'.

Das zweite Gestellteil VT ist in zwei verschiedene Positionen S1, S2 relativ zu dem ersten Gestellteil OT bringbar, in denen die Unterwalze 5 mit verschiedenen Oberwalzen 2, 2' einen Nip bildet.The second frame part VT can be brought into two different positions S1, S2 relative to the first frame part OT, in which the lower roller 5 forms a nip with different top rollers 2, 2 '.

Das zweite Gestellteil VT ist relativ zu dem ersten Gestellteil OT mittels eines Schublagers B verschiebbar gelagert. Das Schublager B umfasst ein Linearlager L, lässt also eine geradlinige Verschiebung zu. Das Schublager B umfasst eine Schlitten und/oder Schienenanordnung.The second frame part VT is displaceably mounted relative to the first frame part OT by means of a thrust bearing B. The thrust bearing B comprises a linear bearing L, thus allowing a straight-line displacement. The thrust bearing B includes a carriage and / or rail assembly.

Bei einer Verschiebung des zweiten Gestellteils VT werden die Schwenkhebel 3, 4, mitsamt ihren Lagern, Schwenkachsen S, S', Schwenkantrieben 29, 29' und den Oberwalzen 2, 2', 2",2"' mitverschoben.With a displacement of the second frame part VT, the pivot lever 3, 4, together with their bearings, pivot axes S, S ', rotary actuators 29, 29' and the top rollers 2, 2 ', 2 ", 2"' mitverschoben.

Das Schublager B ist in der in Figur 5 gezeigten ersten Position S1 des zweiten Gestellteils VT ganz unterhalb der Unterwalze 5 angeordnet. In der in Figur 6 gezeigten zweiten Position S2 des zweiten Gestellteil VT ist es teilweise unterhalb der Unterwalze 5 angeordnet.The thrust bearing B is in the in FIG. 5 shown first position S1 of the second frame part VT completely below the lower roller 5 is arranged. In the in FIG. 6 shown second position S2 of the second frame part VT, it is partially disposed below the lower roller 5.

Das zweite Gestellteil VT ist also mittels eines Schublagers B verschiebbar an dem ersten Gestellteil OT gelagert, das teilweise unterhalb der Unterwalze 5, 5' angeordnet ist.The second frame part VT is thus mounted by means of a thrust bearing B slidably on the first frame part OT, which is partially disposed below the lower roller 5, 5 '.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100100
Kalandercalender
11
Gestellframe
2, 2', 2", 2"'2, 2 ', 2 ", 2"'
Oberwalzentop rollers
33
erstes Schwenkhebelpaarfirst pivot lever pair
44
zweites Schwenkhebelpaarsecond pivot lever pair
5,5'5.5 '
Unterwalzenbottom rollers
29, 29'29, 29 '
SchwenkantriebRotary actuator
3030
Zustellvorrichtunginfeed
10100, 1020010100, 10200
Kalandercalender
101, 10101101, 10101
Gestellframe
102, 10102102, 10102
erste Walzefirst roller
103, 10103103, 10103
Schlittencarriage
104, 10104104, 10104
Kolben/ZylinderanordnungPiston / cylinder assembly
105, 10105105, 10105
erster Schwenkhebelfirst pivot lever
105', 10105'105 ', 10105'
Armpoor
105", 10105"105 ", 10105"
Armpoor
106, 10106106, 10106
zweite Walzesecond roller
107, 10107107, 10107
erste Schwenkachsefirst pivot axis
108108
Schienenanordnungrail arrangement
109109
Schlittenanordnungcarriage assembly
10101010
oberer Randupper edge
10111011
LinearverstellerLinear
1012, 101121012, 10112
dritte Walzethird roller
1013, 101131013, 10113
SchwenkantriebRotary actuator
1014, 101141014, 10114
SpindelhubgetriebeScrew
1015,101151015.10115
Nipnip
10161016
obere Ränderupper margins
10171017
unterer Randlower edge
1018, 101181018, 10118
zweite Schwenkhebelsecond pivot lever
1018', 10118'1018 ', 10118'
Armpoor
1018", 10118"1018 ", 10118"
Armpoor
1019, 101191019, 10119
zweite Schwenkachsensecond pivot axes
1020, 101201020, 10120
zweiter Schwenkantriebsecond quarter turn actuator
1021, 101211021, 10121
zweites Spindelhubgetriebesecond screw jack
10221022
Siebbandscreen belt
10231023
Kühlwalzenchill rolls
10241024
Umlenkwalzedeflecting
10251025
WarenbahnförderungWeb promotion
10261026
oberer Randupper edge
10271027
Schienenanordnungrail arrangement
10281028
Schlittenanordnungcarriage assembly
10291029
LinearverstellerLinear
1030, 101301030, 10130
vierte Walzefourth roller
1031, 101311031, 10131
fünfte Walzefifth roller
10321032
schwenkachsennahe Arretiermittelpivot-axis locking means
10331033
schwenkachsenferne ArretiermittelSchwenkachsenferne locking
1010810108
LagereinrichtungenStorage facilities
1010910109
Schienenanordnungrail arrangement
1012710127
LagereinrichtungStorage facility
1012810128
Schienenanordnungrail arrangement
BB
Schublagerthrust bearing
LL
Linearlagerlinear bearings
OTOT
erstes, ortsfestes Gestellteilfirst, stationary frame part
VTVT
zweites Gestellteilsecond frame part
S, S'S, S '
Schwenkachse des SchwenkhebelpaaresSwivel axis of the swivel lever pair
S1, S2S1, S2
Positionen des zweiten GestellteilsPositions of the second frame part
10W10W
Warenbahnweb

Claims (6)

  1. Calender (10100, 10200), in particular for textiles, nonwoven fabric webs, plastics material webs or paper material webs (10W),
    comprising a frame (101, 10101), in which a first roll (102, 10102), a second roll (106, 10106) and a third roll (1012, 10112) are mounted,
    the first roll (102, 10102), together with either the second roll (106, 10106) or the third roll (1012, 10112), forming a nip (1015, 10115) during operation of the calender (10100, 10200), through which nip the material web (10W) can be guided, for which purpose the second roll (106, 10106) can be moved between a working position, in which said roll, together with the first roll (102, 10102), forms a nip (1015, 10115), and an inoperative position, and the third roll (1012, 10112) can be moved between a working position, in which said roll, together with the first roll (102, 10102), forms a nip (1015, 10115), and an inoperative position,
    the second roll (106, 10106) being mounted on the frame (101, 10101) by means of first pivot levers (105, 10105), each pivot lever being pivotable about a first swivel pin (107, 10107),
    the third roll (1012, 10112) being mounted on the frame (101, 10101) by means of the first pivot levers (105, 10105), characterized in that a fourth roll (1030, 10130) is provided that can be moved between a working position, in which said roll, together with the first roll (102, 10102), forms a nip (1015, 10115), and an inoperative position, the fourth roll (1030, 10130) being mounted on the frame (101, 10101) by means of second pivot levers (1018, 10118), each pivot lever (1018, 10118) being pivotable about a second swivel pin (1019, 10119).
  2. Calender according to claim 1, characterized in that the second and third rolls (106, 1012) are arranged so as to be movable relative to the first pivot levers (105), the second and third rolls (106, 1012) being arranged so as to be movable along a curved path such that when the second and third rolls (106, 1012) are in the inoperative position thereof, said rolls are spaced apart from the material web (10W) running through the nip (1015).
  3. Calender according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the first swivel pins (10107) of the first pivot lever (10105) are arranged so as to be movable relative to the frame (10101).
  4. Calender according to claim 3, characterized in that bearing means (10108) on the frame side are provided that define the positions of the swivel pins (10107) of the first pivot levers (10105), the bearing means (10108) being arranged so as to be movable relative to the frame (10101).
  5. Calender according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a fifth roll (1031, 10131) is provided that can be moved between a working position, in which said roll, together with the first roll (102, 10102), forms a nip (1015, 10115), and an inoperative position and that is mounted on the frame (101, 10101) by means of the second pivot levers (1018, 10118), the fourth and fifth rolls (1030, 1031) being arranged so as to be movable relative to the second pivot levers (1018).
  6. Calender according to claim 5, characterized in that the second swivel pins (10119) of the second pivot levers (10118) are arranged so as to be movable relative to the frame (10101), bearing means (10127) on the frame side being provided that define the second swivel pins (10119) of the second pivot levers (10118), the bearing means (10127) being arranged so as to be movable relative to the frame (10101).
EP15763343.9A 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Calender Active EP3198070B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18181952.5A EP3415676B1 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Calendar

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014113755.8A DE102014113755A1 (en) 2014-09-23 2014-09-23 calender
DE102015107839.2A DE102015107839B3 (en) 2015-05-19 2015-05-19 calender
PCT/EP2015/071156 WO2016046030A2 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Calender

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18181952.5A Division EP3415676B1 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Calendar
EP18181952.5A Division-Into EP3415676B1 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Calendar

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3198070A2 EP3198070A2 (en) 2017-08-02
EP3198070B1 true EP3198070B1 (en) 2018-11-21

Family

ID=54106373

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EP15763343.9A Active EP3198070B1 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Calender
EP18181952.5A Active EP3415676B1 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Calendar

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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EP (2) EP3198070B1 (en)
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IT202200011375A1 (en) 2022-05-30 2023-11-30 Ramina S R L CALENDERING MACHINE

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DE102017107120A1 (en) * 2017-04-03 2018-10-04 Andritz Küsters Gmbh Method and device for treating a web
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US3244090A (en) * 1964-09-01 1966-04-05 Perkins & Son Inc B F Calender
AT370347B (en) * 1981-03-24 1983-03-25 Voest Alpine Ag ROLLING MILLS
DE3712276C1 (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-27 Kuesters Eduard Maschf Fleece calender
FI86092C (en) * 1989-11-27 1992-07-10 Valmet Paper Machinery Inc Calendars intended for online connection to a paper machine
JPH07258992A (en) * 1994-03-17 1995-10-09 Nippon Paper Ind Co Ltd Calender apparatus for papermaking
DE4412862C1 (en) * 1994-04-14 1995-08-10 Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann Rapid roll changer, for high quality calendering and embossing of
DE10005306C1 (en) * 2000-02-07 2001-06-13 Kleinewefers Textilmaschinen G Calender for processing web materials, has a structure of three rollers where two are mounted on swing levers to move between working/parked positions for a selected pair as required from the three in an easily changed configuration
DE10310468A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Thyssenkrupp Elastomertechnik Gmbh Device for changing rolls on calenders
DE10348900B4 (en) * 2003-10-16 2006-03-09 Palamides Gmbh Apparatus for pressing flat printed products

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IT202200011375A1 (en) 2022-05-30 2023-11-30 Ramina S R L CALENDERING MACHINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2016046030A2 (en) 2016-03-31
WO2016046030A3 (en) 2016-06-16
EP3415676A3 (en) 2019-01-02
EP3415676B1 (en) 2023-07-19
EP3198070A2 (en) 2017-08-02
EP3415676A2 (en) 2018-12-19

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