EP3179090B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3179090B1
EP3179090B1 EP16201101.9A EP16201101A EP3179090B1 EP 3179090 B1 EP3179090 B1 EP 3179090B1 EP 16201101 A EP16201101 A EP 16201101A EP 3179090 B1 EP3179090 B1 EP 3179090B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
piezoelectric element
region
fuel injector
peripheral wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16201101.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3179090A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Berner
Dieter Junger
Axel Bormann
Udo Schaich
Torsten Leukert
Fridolin Zeck
Martin Forke
Falko Malt
Peter Koblmiller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3179090A1 publication Critical patent/EP3179090A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3179090B1 publication Critical patent/EP3179090B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/005—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/244—Force sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/247—Pressure sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8084—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving welding or soldering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1 is from the post-published DE 10 2015 206 029 A1 the applicant known.
  • Kraftstoffinjektor is used to detect the closing time of the nozzle needle, wherein this hits its seat in the injector and thereby at least indirectly closes injection openings formed in the injector, a measuring device with a sensor element which is arranged in the region of a supply bore on the injector.
  • the supply bore supplies a high-pressure space, in which the nozzle needle is arranged, with fuel under high pressure.
  • the injector housing in the region of the measuring device on a reduced wall thickness deformation region which is formed elastically deformable in dependence on the fuel pressure in the supply bore.
  • the deformation region bulges convexly outward at a pressure increase in the supply bore.
  • This curvature is detected in the known fuel injector by means of a piezoelectric element of the measuring device, which is arranged within a closed housing.
  • the closed housing makes it possible to dispense with the known fuel injector or its measuring device on commonly used adhesives for connecting the piezoelectric element with the deformation region.
  • the closed design of the housing makes it possible, by means of a corresponding design of the housing parts, which are arranged to be adjustable relative to one another in an overlapping region, to exert an axial pretensioning force on the piezoelement. This axial preload force is considered in terms of reliability of the piezoelectric element over its lifetime advantage.
  • EP3088729A1 discloses a fuel injector with a measuring device for at least indirectly detecting the pressure in the high-pressure chamber or the supply bore, wherein the measuring device comprises a sensor element comprising in particular a piezoelectric element, which is arranged in operative connection with the surface of a deformation region. To form the bias of the piezo element, this cooperates with a rigid clamping device, which has a metallic clamping band. The strap surrounds the piezoelectric element as well as the injector housing.
  • the present invention seeks to further develop a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1 such that the axial biasing force on the piezoelectric element in response to the deformation or deformation of the deformation range is variable.
  • the axial preload force on the piezoelectric element either increased or decreased.
  • the invention is based on the idea, by a corresponding arrangement of the mounting portion of the housing with respect to a peripheral wall of the sensor housing in connection with a direct contact of the piezoelectric element on the deformation region in a deformation of the deformation region over different leverage ratios, on the mounting area and the peripheral wall the piezoelectric element act to be able to influence the axial biasing force in the desired manner.
  • the piezoelectric element is not connected with the interposition of the housing with the deformation region.
  • Such a configuration of the electrical contacting makes it possible, in particular, for a relative movement between the piezoelectric element and the electrical contacts for the sensor element to be made possible even during a specific movement of the piezoelectric element as a result of the deformation of the deformation region, without interrupting the contacting.
  • the sensor housing has a cover element in an overlap region with the Circumferential wall of the sensor housing for adjusting the axial biasing force on the sensor element is adjustable relative to the peripheral wall, and that the cover element with the peripheral wall is firmly connected, in particular by a laser weld.
  • the cover element is moved, for example, as long as in the direction of the sensor element or the piezoelectric element until a desired axial biasing force acts on the piezoelectric element. In this position, the cover element is connected or fixed to the peripheral wall by the addressed laser weld.
  • the fastening region protrudes in relation to the peripheral wall of the sensor housing inwardly.
  • connection between the fastening region of the sensor housing and the deformation region is designed in particular in the form of a weld seam, particularly preferably in the form of a laser weld seam.
  • the sensor housing is preferably made of metal.
  • the sensor housing Since the fuel injector during operation has different operating temperatures, for example, from about -30 ° C to + 100 ° C, the sensor housing also assumes the mentioned temperatures. As a result, an axial pretensioning force which is set during the installation of the fuel injector, for example at room temperature, also changes to the piezoelectric element. In order to generate over the entire temperature range of the fuel injector or the measuring device at least a nearly uniform axial biasing force on the piezoelectric element, it is therefore advantageous if the axial bias by a choice of material for the sensor housing and / or dimensioning of the components at least substantially is temperature independent.
  • the Indian Fig. 1 fuel injector 10 shown greatly simplified is designed as a so-called common rail injector, and is used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine, in particular a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 10 has an injector housing 11 which is at least substantially made of metal and may have a multi-part design, in which at least one, preferably several injection openings 12 for injecting the fuel are arranged on the side facing the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • this forms a high pressure chamber 15, in which a nozzle needle 16 serving as an injection member is arranged in a liftable manner in the direction of the double arrow 17.
  • a nozzle needle 16 serving as an injection member is arranged in a liftable manner in the direction of the double arrow 17.
  • this forms together with the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber 15 and the injector 11 a sealing seat, so that the injection openings 12 are at least indirectly closed, such that the injection of fuel from the high-pressure chamber 15 in the Combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is avoided.
  • the nozzle needle 16 In the other, not shown, lifted from the sealing seat position of the nozzle needle 16, this releases the injection openings 12 for injecting the fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the movement of the nozzle needle 16, in particular for releasing the injection openings 12, takes place in a manner known per se by means of an actuator, not shown, which can be actuated via a voltage supply line 18 by a control device of the internal combustion engine.
  • the actuator may in particular be a magnetic actuator or else a piezoactuator.
  • the supply hole 19 is also via a fuel connection, not shown connected to a fuel line 22, which in turn is coupled to a fuel reservoir 25 (rail).
  • a blind hole-shaped recess 24 is formed, so that the wall thickness of the injector 11 is reduced in the region of the recess 24.
  • the injector housing 11 may also have a flattening, in the region of which the wall thickness of the injector housing 11 is reduced.
  • the newly formed base 26 of the recess 24 forms part of a deformation region 27.
  • the fuel pressure currently prevailing in the supply bore 19 also acts in the injector housing 11 on the side facing away from the recess 24.
  • the wall section 29 of the injector housing 11 acts on the recess 24 facing side as a deformation region 27 in the manner of an elastically deformable membrane, wherein the deformation, which forms as a curvature, the higher, the higher the instantaneous fuel pressure in the supply bore 19 is.
  • the fuel injector 10 For detecting the time profile of the fuel pressure in the supply bore 19 and thus also in the high-pressure chamber 15, which is used as an indication of the instantaneous position of the nozzle needle 16 for driving the nozzle needle 16, the fuel injector 10 has a measuring device 30.
  • the measuring device 30 comprises a sensor element 32 designed as a piezo element 31.
  • the in the Fig. 2 shown measuring device 30 has a preferably made of metal housing 35.
  • the housing 35 is in the illustrated embodiment by way of example and not limiting of two housing parts 36, 37.
  • the housing part 36 is formed as a housing cover 38 and formed substantially disc-shaped or cylindrical. It has two passage openings 39, 40 through which protrude bow-shaped contact elements 41, 42, wherein the contact elements 41, 42 in the through holes 39, 40 are sealed, for example by an insulating material.
  • the two contact elements 41, 42 are arranged on opposite sides of the block-shaped piezoelectric element 31 and are under mechanical bias at opposite, connected to different poles of the piezoelectric element 31 side surfaces 43, 44 of the piezoelectric element 31 at. Outside the housing 35, the contact elements 41, 42 in the Fig. 1 recognizable connecting lines 45, 46 contacted, with which the piezoelectric element 31 and the measuring device 30 is connected by way of example with an evaluation device (control unit), not shown.
  • the piezoelectric element 31 has on the deformation region 27 and on the housing cover 38 side facing each an electrical insulation layer 47, 48, which serves as an intermediate layer to the deformation region 27 and the housing cover 38. Furthermore, the piezoelectric element 31 has an axis of symmetry 49 which cuts the supply bore 19 centrically.
  • the housing 35 has, on the side facing the deformation region 27, an opening 34, in the region of which the piezoelement 31 abuts the deformation region 47 with the interposition of the insulation layer 47.
  • the housing part 37 of the housing 35 is approximately sleeve-shaped and has a peripheral wall 51 with a closed contour, which merges on the injector housing 11 side facing in a right angle from the housing wall 51 outwardly projecting, preferably also radially circumferential mounting portion 52.
  • an overlapping region 53 is formed between the peripheral wall 51 and the housing cover 38, within which the housing cover 38 is movably arranged relative to the peripheral wall 31 and to the housing part 37 in the direction of the symmetry axis 49.
  • the housing 35 or the housing part 37 is fixedly connected to the base 26 of the deformation region 27 via a weld seam 54, in particular in the form of a laser weld seam 55, formed on the attachment region 32, in particular in the form of a closed contour.
  • the housing cover 38 is formed by a circumferential weld seam 56 formed in the region of the overlapping region 53, preferably likewise in the form of a Laser weld 57, tightly connected to the housing part 37.
  • the laser weld seam 57 serves, in particular, to set an axial prestressing force A acting on the piezoelectric element 31.
  • the housing part 37 is first connected to the deformation region 27 via the fastening region 32 and the weld seam 54 in a first production step.
  • a preassembled unit consisting of the housing cover 38 and the two insulating layers 47, 48 (wherein between the housing cover 38 facing insulating layer 47 and the housing cover 38, an adhesive layer, not shown) may be present axially inserted into the opening cross section of the housing part 37.
  • a desired axial preload force A is generated on the piezoelectric element 31, which can be ascertained, for example, based on the voltage signals generated by the piezoelectric element 31, the housing cover 38 is firmly connected to the housing part 37 in the overlapping region 53 by means of the laser weld seam 55.
  • the deformation region 27 convexly bulges outwards.
  • the housing part 37 also participates in a deformation.
  • the moment can be detected at which the nozzle needle 16 strikes its seat in the injector housing 11 when closing.
  • housing 35a differs from the housing 35 of Fig. 2 in that the fastening region 52a is designed or arranged inwardly in relation to the circumferential wall 51.
  • the peripheral wall 51 thus simultaneously forms the outer boundary of the housing 35a.
  • an angle ⁇ is now formed between the two welds 54, 56 and the bottom 26 of the deformation region 27, which is greater than 90 °, in the illustrated embodiment, for example, about 120 °.
  • the deformation region 27 With an increase in pressure of the supply bore 19, the deformation region 27 also convexly convex to the outside.
  • the angle ⁇ increases. This is because although the fulcrum of the weld 54 also moves outward, the fulcrum of the weld 56 travels upwards (ie, away from the deformation region 27). The enlarging angle ⁇ or the greater distance of the weld 56 causes a reduction of the axial preload force A on the piezoelectric element 31st

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Injecteur de carburant (10), en particulier injecteur à rampe commune, comprenant un boîtier d'injecteur (11) dans lequel est réalisé un espace haute pression (15) qui peut être alimenté en carburant sous pression par le biais d'un alésage d'alimentation (19) disposé dans le boîtier d'injecteur (11), au moins une ouverture d'injection (12) réalisée dans le boîtier d'injecteur (11), connectée au moins indirectement à l'espace haute pression (15), pour injecter du carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, un organe d'injection (16) libérant ou fermant l'au moins une ouverture d'injection (12), un dispositif de mesure (30) pour détecter au moins indirectement la pression dans l'espace haute pression (15) ou dans l'alésage d'alimentation (19), le dispositif de mesure (30) étant réalisé de manière à détecter une déformation élastique d'une zone de déformation (27) disposée en liaison fonctionnelle au moins indirectement avec l'alésage d'alimentation (19) ou avec l'espace haute pression (15), le dispositif de mesure (30) présentant un élément de capteur (32) réalisé sous forme d'élément piézoélectrique (31) qui est disposé en liaison fonctionnelle avec la surface (26) de la zone de déformation (27), l'élément piézoélectrique (31) étant sollicité par force par une force de précontrainte axiale (A) contre la zone de déformation (27), l'élément de capteur (32) étant entouré au niveau de sa périphérie par une paroi périphérique (51) d'un boîtier (35 ; 35a), et la paroi périphérique (51) présentant une zone de fixation (52 ; 52a) faisant saillie sous forme de bride depuis la paroi périphérique (51), dans la région de laquelle le boîtier (35 ; 35a) est connecté à la zone de déformation (27), le boîtier (35 ; 35a) présentant, du côté tourné vers la zone de déformation (27), dans la région de l'élément piézoélectrique (31), une ouverture (34) dans la région de laquelle l'élément piézoélectrique (31) s'applique au moins indirectement contre la zone de déformation (27),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le contact électrique de l'élément piézoélectrique (31) s'effectue au moyen d'éléments de contact (41, 42) venant en contact avec des surfaces latérales (43, 44) de l'élément piézoélectrique (31), qui s'appliquent avec précontrainte élastique contre les surfaces latérales (43, 44) et qui traversent un élément de couvercle (38).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le boîtier de capteur (35 ; 35a) présente un couvercle de boîtier (38) qui peut être déplacé dans une zone de chevauchement (53) avec la paroi périphérique (51) pour ajuster la force de précontrainte axiale (A) sur l'élément piézoélectrique (31) par rapport à la paroi périphérique (51), et en ce que le couvercle de boîtier (38) est connecté fixement à la paroi périphérique (51), en particulier par un joint de soudure (56).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la zone de fixation (52a) fait saillie vers l'intérieur par rapport à la paroi périphérique (51) du boîtier (35a).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la zone de fixation (52) fait saillie vers l'extérieur par rapport à la paroi périphérique (51) du boîtier (35).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la connexion entre la zone de fixation (52 ; 52a) du boîtier (35 ; 35a) et la zone de déformation (27) est réalisée sous forme de joint de soudure (54) en particulier sous forme de joint de soudure laser (55).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le boîtier (35 ; 35a) se compose de métal.
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément piézoélectrique (31) est disposé par le biais de couches d'isolation non conductrices de l'électricité (47, 48) directement en contact d'appui avec le boîtier (35 ; 35a) et la zone de déformation (27).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la force de précontrainte axiale (A) exercée sur l'élément piézoélectrique (31) dépend au moins essentiellement de la température du fait d'un choix de matériaux pour le boîtier (35 ; 35a) et/ou d'un dimensionnement des composants.
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la zone de fixation (52 ; 52a) est disposée à angle droit par rapport à la paroi périphérique (51) .
EP16201101.9A 2015-12-09 2016-11-29 Injecteur de carburant Active EP3179090B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015224709.0A DE102015224709A1 (de) 2015-12-09 2015-12-09 Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3179090A1 EP3179090A1 (fr) 2017-06-14
EP3179090B1 true EP3179090B1 (fr) 2019-06-12

Family

ID=57421766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16201101.9A Active EP3179090B1 (fr) 2015-12-09 2016-11-29 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3179090B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015224709A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020209321A1 (de) 2020-07-23 2022-01-27 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Kraftstoffinjektor und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019200232A1 (de) 2019-01-10 2020-07-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014209324A1 (de) * 2014-05-16 2015-11-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor, insbesondere Common-Rail-Injektor

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015206029A1 (de) 2015-04-02 2016-10-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor
DE102015206023A1 (de) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor
EP3088723B1 (fr) * 2015-04-30 2019-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant
EP3088729B1 (fr) * 2015-04-30 2018-07-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant et dispositif et procede de montage d'un dispositif de mesure

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014209324A1 (de) * 2014-05-16 2015-11-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor, insbesondere Common-Rail-Injektor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020209321A1 (de) 2020-07-23 2022-01-27 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Kraftstoffinjektor und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015224709A1 (de) 2017-06-14
EP3179090A1 (fr) 2017-06-14

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