EP3076002B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3076002B1
EP3076002B1 EP16158240.8A EP16158240A EP3076002B1 EP 3076002 B1 EP3076002 B1 EP 3076002B1 EP 16158240 A EP16158240 A EP 16158240A EP 3076002 B1 EP3076002 B1 EP 3076002B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
sensor
sensor element
injector
fuel injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16158240.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3076002A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Berghaenel
Martin Forke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/005—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/247—Pressure sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injector is from the post-published DE (R. 356739) A1 the applicant or the DE 10 2010 016 424 A1 known.
  • Kraftstoffinjektor is used to detect the closing time of the nozzle needle, wherein this hits its seat in the injector and thereby at least indirectly closes injection openings formed in the injector, a measuring device with a sensor element which is arranged in the region of a supply bore on the injector.
  • the supply bore supplies a high-pressure space, in which the nozzle needle is arranged, with fuel under high pressure.
  • the injector housing in the region of the measuring device on a deformation region which is formed elastically deformable in dependence on the fuel pressure in the supply bore.
  • the deformation area bulges outwards, which can be detected by means of the sensor element having a piezo element.
  • the sensor element is connected in the known fuel injector by means of an adhesive bond with the deformation region and adapted to detect occurring in the contact region to the injector housing strains or tensile stresses, the size or height of the strains depending on the pressure in the supply bore.
  • Characteristic of the above-mentioned closing of the injection openings through the nozzle needle is that thereby a relatively strong or rapid increase in pressure takes place in the supply bore, since no more fuel is discharged through the injection openings, wherein the pressure increase is detected by means of the sensor element.
  • the adhesive connection used in the known fuel injector between the piezoelectric element and the injector in particular over the life Considering the fuel injector is exposed to external influences or media that can adversely affect the strength or reliability of the adhesive bond, it is provided in the known fuel injector, to act on the sensor element or piezoelectric element in the direction of the adhesive bond with an axial force. This is done by means of a support device, which is connected in the region of a particular blind hole-shaped recess or a flattening with the wall of the recess or flattening in order to be able to apply the required axial force to the piezoelectric element or the adhesive bond.
  • a piezoelectric element is relatively sensitive to tensile stresses occurring in it, whereas compressive stresses can be relatively absorbed by the piezoelectric element.
  • the supporting device known from the cited document thus fundamentally additionally effects an improved functionality of the piezoelectric element.
  • the measuring device When mounting the measuring device, it is necessary to mount or arrange the required components in the region of the recess of the injector. This takes place, for example, with the fuel injector already mounted, or immediately after the production of the injector housing. In any case, it is necessary for the arrangement of the measuring device to connect the corresponding components with the injector, wherein the functionality of the measuring device can only be checked after installation. If, for example, a malfunction occurs or the measuring device does not operate faultlessly, usually not only the measuring device but also the injector housing is to be regarded as waste. In addition, the formation of an adhesive bond is fundamentally a critical manufacturing process, since in particular it must be avoided that the adhesive bond over the service life of the fuel injector in operative connection with the addressed aggressive media (liquids or gases) passes.
  • the invention has the object, a fuel injector according to the preamble of the claim 1 such that an optimized manufacturing process is made possible.
  • an optimized production process is understood in particular to be the possibility of being able to check the measuring device or the sensor element in a state that has not yet been connected to the injector housing, in order to avoid mounting with the injector housing in the case of a faulty sensor element or faulty measuring device to be able to.
  • the measuring device should be able to be connected to the injector housing in the deformation area without the use of an adhesive connection, and the sensor or piezo element should be characterized by a high degree of robustness, in particular when tensile stresses possibly occur from it.
  • a fuel injector with the characterizing features of claim 1, characterized in that the sensor element is received under axial bias in a sensor housing, wherein the sensor element forms a preassemblable assembly together with the sensor housing, wherein the assembly is connectable to the injector, and wherein the sensor element is separated from the surface of the deformation area by the sensor housing.
  • the coupling or connection of the sensor element to the deformation region on the injector housing takes place indirectly via the sensor housing of the sensor device in that the sensor housing is arranged between the surface of the deformation region and the sensor element.
  • the sensor housing makes it possible in particular to arrange the sensor element within the sensor housing under axial prestressing, whereby the above-mentioned advantages in terms of robustness of the sensor element is achieved by avoiding tensile stresses, since any tensile stresses occurring are compensated or overcompensated by the compressive stresses acting on the piezoelectric element ,
  • the sensor housing is designed as a closed housing.
  • the sensor housing has two housing elements with housing walls, between which the sensor element is received, and that the distance between the two housing walls to produce the axial bias on the sensor element adjustable is trained.
  • the two housing elements are designed to be displaceable relative to one another in an overlapping region.
  • the sensor housing can be formed particularly simply or from as few individual parts as possible when the two housing elements are at least substantially pot-shaped, wherein the interior for accommodating the sensor element is formed by two overlapping side walls and two bottom or lid regions arranged parallel to one another. which form the housing walls.
  • the sensor housing thus requires only two components which overlap each other in the overlapping area and receive the sensor or piezoelectric element in their interior.
  • the two housing elements in a state in which acts on the sensor element, the desired axial bias, firmly connected are, in particular by a circumferential weld.
  • a weld seam can be formed in a particularly simple and accurate manner by a laser beam welding device, wherein a circumferential weld seam in particular reliably prevents the entry or penetration of media into the interior of the sensor housing.
  • the possibility of transmitting stresses from the deformation region via the sensor housing to the sensor element is preferably effected by one of the housing elements on the injector housing side facing a flange-like connection region for abutment with the injector.
  • the housing elements are made of metal and that the connection to the injector by means of a welded joint.
  • the mentioned weld joint between the sensor housing and the injector is preferably formed by means of a laser beam device.
  • the sensor element near the sensor housing via electrically non-conductive insulating layers directly in abutting contact is arranged with the sensor housing.
  • the fuel injector is exposed to large temperature fluctuations during operation, ranging from, for example, from -30 ° C during cold start up to more than 100 ° C. These temperatures are also transferred to the sensor housing or the sensor element, so that due to different materials for the sensor housing and the sensor element to different (geometric) expansions in the temperature range mentioned can, which lead to the desired axial biasing force on the Sensor element changes.
  • the force exerted on the sensor element axial biasing force is at least substantially independent of temperature by a choice of material for the sensor housing and / or a dimensioning of the components.
  • the Indian Fig. 1 fuel injector 10 shown greatly simplified is designed as a so-called common rail injector, and is used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine, in particular a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 10 has an injector housing 11, which consists essentially of metal and may have a multi-part design, in which at least one, preferably several injection openings 12 for injecting the fuel are arranged on the side facing the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • this forms a high pressure chamber 15, in which a nozzle needle 16 serving as an injection member is arranged in a liftable manner in the direction of the double arrow 17.
  • a nozzle needle 16 serving as an injection member is arranged in a liftable manner in the direction of the double arrow 17.
  • this forms together with the inner wall of the High-pressure chamber 15 and the injector 11 from a sealing seat, so that the injection openings 12 are at least indirectly closed, such that the injection of fuel from the high-pressure chamber 15 is avoided in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the nozzle needle 16 In the other, not shown, lifted from the sealing seat position of the nozzle needle 16, this releases the injection openings 12 for injecting the fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the movement of the nozzle needle 16, in particular for releasing the injection openings 12, takes place in a manner known per se by means of an actuator, not shown, which can be actuated via a voltage supply line 18 by a control device of the internal combustion engine.
  • the actuator may in particular be a magnetic actuator or else a piezoactuator.
  • the supply bore 19 is also connected via a fuel connection, not shown, with a fuel line 22, which in turn is coupled to a fuel reservoir 25 (rail).
  • a blind hole-shaped recess 24 is formed (in Fig. Fig. 3 ), so that the wall thickness of the injector 11 in the region of the recess 24 is reduced.
  • the injector housing 11 may also have a flattening, in the region of which the wall thickness of the injector housing 11 is reduced.
  • the newly formed base 26 of the recess 24 forms part of a deformation region 27.
  • the fuel pressure currently prevailing in the supply bore 19 also acts in the injector housing 11 on the side facing away from the recess 24. Due to the fact that the wall thickness of the Injector housing 11 is reduced in the region of the recess 24, the wall portion 29 of the injector 11 acts on the recess 24 side facing as a deformation region 27 in the manner of an elastically deformable membrane, the deformation, which forms as a curvature, the higher the higher the instantaneous fuel pressure in the supply bore 19 is.
  • the fuel injector 10 For detecting the time profile of the fuel pressure in the supply bore 19 and thus also in the high-pressure chamber 15, which is used as an indication of the instantaneous position of the nozzle needle 16 for driving the nozzle needle 16, the fuel injector 10 has a measuring device 30.
  • the measuring device 30 comprises a sensor element 32 designed as a piezo element 31.
  • the block-shaped or disc-shaped piezoelectric element 31 is covered on its opposite end faces by a respective electrically non-conductive insulating layer 33, 34.
  • the electrodes, not shown in detail, of the piezoelectric element 31 are connected via connecting wires 35, 36, for example, to an evaluation device, not shown, such that electric voltages are generated by the piezoelectric element 31 during a deformation of the deformation region 27, which voltages can be detected via the connecting wires 35, 36 ,
  • the measuring device 30 is received within a multi-part sensor housing 40, wherein the measuring device 30 together with the sensor housing 40 forms a preassemblable, verifiable separately from the fuel injector 10 assembly 44.
  • the sensor housing 40 has a cover-like or cup-shaped housing upper part 41 with an upper housing wall 42 and a peripheral side wall 43 protruding from the housing wall 42 in the direction of the injector housing.
  • the upper housing part 41 is connected to a lower housing part 45, which consists of a housing bottom 46 and a projecting in the direction of the upper housing part 41, circumferential side wall 47.
  • the piezoelectric element 31 via the insulating layers 33, 34 directly to the housing bottom 46 and the housing wall 42 of the housing upper part 41 is applied, such that a compressive force and thus a compressive stress is generated on the piezoelectric element 31.
  • This is done by applying the upper housing part 41 to the one insulating layer 33, the upper housing part 41, which has a certain flexibility, in particular in the region of the side wall 43 is acted upon by an axial force, such that the side wall 43 moves in the direction of the side wall 47 ,
  • the desired axial prestressing force on the piezoelectric element 31 takes place via the (elastic) deformation of the housing wall 42 and / or possibly an elastic deformation of the housing bottom 46.
  • the sensor housing 40 is connected to the housing bottom 46 directly to the deformation region 27. This takes place in that the housing bottom 46 rests on the base 26 of the recess 24, wherein the housing bottom 46, for example, radially outside its side wall 47 has a circumferential flange portion 52 which by another weld 53, which is preferably also produced by means of a laser beam device with the Injector 11 is connected.
  • the deformation of the deformation region 27 is transmitted via the housing bottom 46 and the insulating layer 34 to the piezoelectric element 31, whereby this generates a voltage signal.
  • Fig. 3 illustrated sensor housing 40a differs from the sensor housing 40 in that the side wall 43a of the upper housing part 41a radially includes the side wall 47a of the lower housing part 45a.
  • the connection between the two side walls 43a, 47a also takes place by means of a preferably radially completely circumferential weld 51.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Injecteur de carburant (10), en particulier injecteur à rampe commune, avec un boîtier d'injecteur (11), dans lequel est formée une chambre à haute pression (15), qui peut être alimentée en carburant se trouvant sous pression par un alésage d'alimentation (19) disposé dans le boîtier d'injecteur (11), avec au moins un orifice d'injection (12) formé dans le boîtier d'injecteur (11) et relié au moins indirectement à la chambre à haute pression (15) pour l'injection de carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, avec un organe d'injection (16) libérant ou fermant ledit au moins un orifice d'injection (12), et avec un dispositif de mesure (30) pour la détection au moins indirecte de la pression dans la chambre à haute pression (15) ou dans l'alésage d'alimentation (19), dans lequel le dispositif de mesure (30) est conçu pour détecter une déformation élastique d'une zone de déformation (27) disposée en liaison active au moins indirectement avec l'alésage d'alimentation (19) ou la chambre à haute pression (15), et dans lequel le dispositif de mesure (30) présente un élément de capteur (32), qui est disposé en liaison active avec la surface (26) de la zone de déformation (27),
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément de capteur (32) est logé sous une précontrainte axiale dans un boîtier de capteur (40; 40a), dans lequel l'élément de capteur (32) forme avec le boîtier de capteur (40; 40a) un module pouvant être préassemblé (44), et en ce que le module (44) est assemblé au boîtier d'injecteur (11), dans lequel l'élément de capteur (32) est séparé de la surface (26) de la zone de déformation (27) par le boîtier de capteur (40; 40a), et le boîtier de capteur (40; 40a) est réalisé sous forme de boîtier fermé.
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier de capteur (40; 40a) repose par un fond de boîtier (46) directement sur la surface (26) de la zone de déformation (27).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier de capteur (40; 40a) présente deux éléments de boîtier (41; 41a, 45; 45a) avec un fond de boîtier (46) et une paroi de boîtier (42), entre lesquels l'élément de capteur (32) est agencé, et en ce que la distance entre le fond de boîtier (46) et la paroi de boîtier (42) est réglable pour la production de la précontrainte axiale sur l'élément de capteur (32).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments de boîtier (41; 41a, 45; 45a) sont déplaçables l'un par rapport à l'autre dans une région de chevauchement (50).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments de boîtier (41; 41a, 45; 45a) sont réalisés au moins essentiellement en forme de godet, et en ce que l'espace intérieur destiné à recevoir l'élément de capteur (32) est formé par deux parois latérales (43; 43a, 47; 47a) qui se chevauchent mutuellement ainsi que par le fond de boîtier (46) et la paroi de boîtier (42).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments de boîtier (41; 41a, 45; 45a) sont, dans un état dans lequel la précontrainte axiale désirée agit sur l'élément de capteur (32), assemblés fixement l'un à l'autre, en particulier par un cordon de soudure périphérique (51).
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un des éléments de boîtier (45; 45a) présente sur le côté tourné vers le boîtier d'injecteur (11) une zone d'assemblage (52) en forme de bride pour l'application sur le boîtier d'injecteur (11).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de boîtier (41; 41a, 45; 45a) sont constitués de métal et en ce que la liaison au boîtier d'injecteur (11) est effectuée au moyen d'un assemblage soudé (53).
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de capteur (32) est disposé à l'intérieur du boîtier de capteur (40; 40a) directement en contact avec le boîtier de capteur (40; 40a) par l'intermédiaire de couches d'isolation électriquement non conductrices (33, 34).
  10. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la précontrainte axiale exercée sur l'élément de capteur (32) est au moins essentiellement dépendante de la température par un choix des matériaux pour le boîtier de capteur (40; 40a) et/ou par un dimensionnement des composants.
EP16158240.8A 2015-04-02 2016-03-02 Injecteur de carburant Active EP3076002B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015206029.2A DE102015206029A1 (de) 2015-04-02 2015-04-02 Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3076002A1 EP3076002A1 (fr) 2016-10-05
EP3076002B1 true EP3076002B1 (fr) 2019-02-06

Family

ID=55451113

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16158240.8A Active EP3076002B1 (fr) 2015-04-02 2016-03-02 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3076002B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015206029A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015207307A1 (de) 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor
DE102015208488A1 (de) 2015-04-30 2016-11-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Montage einer Messeinrichtung
DE102015220394A1 (de) 2015-10-20 2017-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor
DE102015224709A1 (de) 2015-12-09 2017-06-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE356739C (de) 1921-07-12 1922-07-27 Erich Schuelke Dr Verfahren zur Herstellung von Saegeblaettern
DE19813756A1 (de) * 1998-03-27 1999-10-07 Siemens Ag Messung des Drucks eines Fluids
JP4419847B2 (ja) * 2004-09-16 2010-02-24 株式会社デンソー 圧力センサ
DE102008055053B4 (de) * 2008-12-22 2011-01-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Messen des Kraftstoffdrucks in einem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
JP2010249061A (ja) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-04 Denso Corp 燃料噴射弁
JP2010255427A (ja) * 2009-04-21 2010-11-11 Denso Corp 燃料噴射弁

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015206029A1 (de) 2016-10-06
EP3076002A1 (fr) 2016-10-05

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