EP3167469B1 - Disconnector switch - Google Patents

Disconnector switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3167469B1
EP3167469B1 EP14761333.5A EP14761333A EP3167469B1 EP 3167469 B1 EP3167469 B1 EP 3167469B1 EP 14761333 A EP14761333 A EP 14761333A EP 3167469 B1 EP3167469 B1 EP 3167469B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor piece
conductor
isolator switch
pieces
piece
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EP14761333.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3167469A1 (en
Inventor
Maik Behne
Denis Imamovic
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to PL14761333T priority Critical patent/PL3167469T3/en
Publication of EP3167469A1 publication Critical patent/EP3167469A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/14—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch
    • H01H31/16—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch with angularly-movable bridging contact or contact-carrying member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker, in particular a quick disconnect switch, comprising a first conductor piece, a second conductor piece and a third conductor piece connecting the first and the second conductor piece in a first position.
  • HVDC high-voltage direct current
  • the opening of a disconnector contact in the above-mentioned time range, for example, less than 10 ms brings enormous difficulties, since the switching contact due to the required current carrying capacity of, for example, more than 2 kA and the required insulating distance of, for example, more than 100 mm plus a bilateral overlap for contacting correspondingly large and heavy fails. As a result, the mass accelerations with a conventional design are not solvable.
  • EP 2 365 503 A1 is a rotary switch with two poles known. Each pole has two primary contacts and a rotatable bridging element. In one position, the rotatable bridging element connects the two primary contacts. Each primary contact is arranged on a fixed busbar.
  • the publication DE 28 02 556 A1 discloses a switching arrangement for switching off high current DC currents at high voltages. This switching arrangement has two series-connected switching paths, which are actuated approximately synchronously.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that for high voltages, a particularly large separation distance is required.
  • the required torque should be minimized. This is achieved by an arrangement of the rotation causing shaft in the middle of the movable conductor piece, ie substantially in the center of gravity.
  • the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch advantageously comprises a fourth conductor piece and a connecting the second and the fourth conductor piece in a first position fifth conductor piece, wherein the fifth conductor piece is mounted centrally on a second shaft of a second rotary drive.
  • the already formed separation path through the first rotatable conductor piece is duplicated again in virtually identical manner.
  • a second rotatable conductor piece connects, which is also like the first rotatable conductor piece centered on a shaft, so that it can be rotated to separate the respective connected conductor pieces. This results in a total of four separation sections that can switch very high currents in a short time.
  • One or preferably both rotary drives advantageously comprise an electromagnetic linear drive.
  • This can be configured in each case as a linear motor with electrodynamic action or as a linear actuator with piezoelectric, electrostatic, electromagnetic, magnetostrictive or thermoelectric active principle.
  • Common is electromagnetic linear actuators that realize this very fast acceleration, so that very high contact acceleration of the conductor pieces or rather their end points that make the contacts to each other, are possible.
  • the linear drive can generate the required rotational movement of the shaft via a belt drive with guidance via a roller or a crank drive.
  • the first and the second rotary drive which respectively rotate one or the other rotatable conductor piece, are advantageously synchronized. This achieves an absolutely simultaneous opening of all four separating sections.
  • the synchronization can be achieved electronically by ensuring simultaneous switching both rotary actuators, or mechanically via a mechanical coupling of the two shafts, so that they may also be actuated only by a single linear motor or other actuator and their movements always coupled independently of the drive are.
  • the third and / or the fifth conductor piece, d. H. the two rotatable conductor pieces in a respective second, accessible by the respective rotary drive position connected to one ground contact. That is, there are grounded contacts in the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch which are arranged to contact the endpoints of these conductor pieces in the second, open position, which represents the respective end position of the rotatable conductor pieces for disconnection. As a result, the rotatable conductor pieces are grounded in the disconnection rotation state.
  • the respective shaft for rotation of the conductor pieces is perpendicular to the main extension direction of each connected thereto conductor piece attached thereto. Due to the vertical arrangement, a maximum deflection of the end points of the conductor pieces and thus a particularly high contact acceleration is achieved.
  • the respective second, d. H. the open position of the circuit breaker / quick release switch by a rotation of the respective shaft of more than 70 ° from the respective first, d. H. reachable closed position.
  • d. H. reached the end points of the conductor pieces.
  • the maximum of the distance is achieved by a rotation of 90 °.
  • the conductor pieces are enclosed by a grounded sheath spaced.
  • the circuit breaker is thus encapsulated, d. H. a cylindrical casing, for example, with a sufficient distance from the conductor pieces surrounds the entire arrangement.
  • the conductor pieces of the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch are advantageously arranged substantially linearly in the respective first position.
  • the conductor pieces itself advantageously also designed as straight pieces. Due to the linear extension, the separation distance is maximized for turned conductor pieces in the open position.
  • the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch to a second conductor piece intersecting plane of symmetry is mirror-symmetrical.
  • the second conductor piece is in this case preferably a normal of the plane of symmetry.
  • the symmetry simplifies the construction.
  • the two rotatable conductor pieces are rotated in the opposite direction by 90 ° when opening / closing.
  • circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch advantageously comprises a second conductor piece intersecting, in particular flat support insulator. This is preferably in the described symmetrical configuration in the plane of symmetry.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a connection of two conductor pieces (ie, a movable and a rigid conductor piece) two connected via a designed in an interference fit tongue and groove connection fasteners, wherein the first of the connecting elements is connected to one of the conductor pieces and the second of the connecting elements with the another conductor piece is connected via a spring element.
  • the spring element can be designed here as a simple coil spring.
  • the contacts are arranged such that the tongue and groove connection is connected and compresses the spring element maximum. After the acceleration of the movable rotary contact when opening the spring is first pulled apart, the press-fit, the tongue-and-groove connection is still connected.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that by the distribution of the switching times on four parallel separating lines paired with a fast drive and spring-loaded contact pieces to realize an additional acceleration of the contacts (when opening) a realization of a circuit breaker with a current carrying capacity of more than 2 kA with an on and off time in the single digit millisecond range as well as a breaking capacity is achieved.
  • results in the open position the fulfillment of a double separation distance with intervening, grounded conductor sections, consisting of retracted in earth contacts moving conductor pieces.
  • the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch shown can be used not only in HVDC technology but also generally in AC applications.
  • FIG. 1 shows a quick disconnect switch 1, the fully arranged in a circular jacket sheath 2 is.
  • the circular disk-shaped base surfaces 4 of the cylinder are also closed except for an opening 6 at its center.
  • the openings 6 on both sides form the connections of the quick disconnect switch 1 to be separated, not shown.
  • a flat, circular disk-shaped support insulator 8 is arranged parallel to the base surfaces 4, which has the same extent as the base surfaces 4, the cylinder thus completely in two equal half-spaces 10 shares.
  • base 4 and support insulator 8 identically formed components.
  • the support insulator 8 forms a plane of symmetry of the quick disconnect switch 1.
  • both components are arranged mirror-symmetrically in the two half-spaces 10 on both sides along the axis of the cylinder. Therefore, the following description is limited to a half-space 10, wherein for simplicity, each mutually symmetrical components the same reference numerals in the drawing, although they are of course optionally duplicated.
  • the length of the conductor piece 22 is slightly longer than the distance between the end points 16, 18 of the two conductor pieces 12, 14, so that this is not exactly in the axis of the cylinder lies, but only with its center of gravity through which the shaft 20 passes, the axis intersects. In addition, it is slightly oblique to the axis, so that it touches the end points 16, 18 of the conductor pieces 12, 14 laterally. A movement by rotation of the shaft 20 with the conductor piece 22 can thus take place only in one direction, namely with the respective ends of the conductor piece 22 away from the end points 16, 18, indicated by the arrows 24. The contact points in area II are still in FIG. 2 shown separately.
  • the shaft 20 By operating the shaft 20 by means of a rotary drive, not shown, the shaft 20 is rotated, so that the conductor piece 22 is rotated in the direction of the arrows 24.
  • the movement is possible by almost 90 ° and ends when the conductor piece 22 is perpendicular to the shaft 20 and the axis of the cylinder, indicated by the dashed line 26, showing the open position of the quick disconnector 1.
  • the movement is stopped there by in each case arranged on both sides in the plane defined by the rotation of the conductor piece 22 plane, raised grounding contacts 28 on the inner walls of the casing second
  • the two half-spaces 10 are symmetrical at all times. This is achieved by a mechanical or alternatively electronic synchronization of the shafts 20. These can be mechanically connected and actuated by a single rotary drive.
  • FIG. 2 shows the area II in greater detail, showing the contact area between the conductor pieces 14, 22. This corresponds to the contact region between the conductor pieces 12, 22.
  • a first connecting element 30 is arranged, which has two grooves 32, 34 extending into the image plane. The opening direction of the grooves 32, 34 points to the opposite conductor piece 14.
  • the connecting element 30 may also be integrally formed with the conductor piece 22 in an alternative embodiment.
  • a profile U-shaped connecting element 36 In the two grooves 32, 34 engage two corresponding springs, which form the sides of a profile U-shaped connecting element 36.
  • This connecting element 36 is arranged on the conductor piece 14 by means of a helical spring 38.
  • the U-shaped connecting element 36 is bordered by a guide element 40 such that only one movement in one spatial direction, namely on the opposite conductor piece 22 to or away is possible.
  • Groove 32, 34 and springs are designed in a slight oversize, so that for a separation of the springs from the groove 32, 34, a force must be applied.
  • the coil spring 38 is first pulled apart during a rotation, since the springs initially remain in the grooves 32, 34. Only when the contact forces are smaller than the spring force, the springs jump out of the grooves 32, 34. The contact experiences a superimposed acceleration from the acceleration of the movable conductor piece 12, 14 and the additional acceleration by the spring tension.
  • the in FIG. 2 shown and described above contact system be designed to be rotationally symmetrical, ie, the connecting elements 30, 36 and the guide member 40 are rotationally symmetrical about the axis of the coil spring 38.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Trennschalter, insbesondere einen Schnelltrennschalter, umfassend ein erstes Leiterstück, ein zweites Leiterstück und ein das erste und das zweite Leiterstück in einer ersten Position verbindendes drittes Leiterstück.The invention relates to a circuit breaker, in particular a quick disconnect switch, comprising a first conductor piece, a second conductor piece and a third conductor piece connecting the first and the second conductor piece in a first position.

Bei der Energieübertragung über weite Entfernungen - in der Regel Entfernungen von rund 750 km aufwärts - kommt häufig die Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom-Übertragung (HGÜ) zur Anwendung. Hierfür ist zwar ein vergleichsweise hoher technischer Aufwand für hochspannungstaugliche, aufwendige Stromrichter vonnöten, da elektrische Energie in Kraftwerken fast immer durch Synchron-Generatoren als Dreiphasenwechselstrom der Frequenz 50 Hz bzw. 60 Hz erzeugt wird. Allerdings führt die HGÜ ab bestimmten Entfernungen trotz des technischen Aufwands und der zusätzlichen Konverterverluste zu in der Summe geringeren Übertragungsverlusten als die Übertragung mit Dreiphasenwechselstrom.In the transmission of energy over long distances - usually distances of about 750 km up - the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is often used. For this purpose, although a comparatively high technical complexity for high-voltage, complex power converters needed because electrical energy in power plants is almost always generated by synchronous generators as three-phase alternating current of the frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz. However, the HGÜ leads from a certain distance in spite of the technical effort and the additional converter losses in the total lower transmission losses than the transmission with three-phase alternating current.

Bei HGÜ-Anlagen werden im Gleichspannungs-Konverterfeld und in Gleichspannungs-Netzknotenpunkten schnelle Trennschalter mit Ein- und Ausschaltzeiten im einstelligen Millisekundenbereich benötigt. Dies ist z. B. zur Fehlerklärung erforderlich, wobei temporär alle Konverter gesperrt werden. Zusätzlich benötigen diese Schnelltrennschalter ein Einschaltvermögen, um z. B. das Zuschalten und (Vor-)Laden von Kabeln und Konvertern bewerkstelligen zu können. Schnelltrennschalter bislang bekannter Bauarten weisen üblicherweise zwei Leiterstücke auf, die durch ein bewegliches Leiterstück verbunden sind, dass zur Trennung des Kontaktes wegbewegt wird.In HVDC systems, fast disconnecting switches with turn-on and turn-off times in the single-digit millisecond range are required in the DC converter field and in DC grid nodes. This is z. B. required for faulty explanation, with temporarily all converters are blocked. In addition, these quick disconnect need a breaking capacity to z. B. to accomplish the connection and (pre) loading of cables and converters. Quick disconnect switch of previously known types usually have two conductor pieces, which are connected by a movable conductor piece, which is moved away for the separation of the contact.

Das Öffnen eines Trennerkontaktes im oben genannten Zeitbereich von beispielsweise weniger als 10 ms bringt enorme Schwierigkeiten mit sich, da der Schaltkontakt aufgrund der benötigten Stromtragfähigkeit von beispielsweise mehr als 2 kA und der erforderlichen Isolierstrecke von beispielsweise mehr als 100 mm zzgl. einer beidseitigen Überdeckung für die Kontaktierung entsprechend groß und schwer ausfällt. Dadurch sind die Massenbeschleunigungen mit einem herkömmlichen Design nicht lösbar.The opening of a disconnector contact in the above-mentioned time range, for example, less than 10 ms brings enormous difficulties, since the switching contact due to the required current carrying capacity of, for example, more than 2 kA and the required insulating distance of, for example, more than 100 mm plus a bilateral overlap for contacting correspondingly large and heavy fails. As a result, the mass accelerations with a conventional design are not solvable.

Bislang ist weder in luft- noch in gasisolierter Technik ein adäquates Verfahren bekannt, um eine Ein- und Ausschaltzeit im genannten Bereich zusammen mit einem Stromtragfähigkeitsvermögen im genannten Bereich sowie Einschaltvermögen zu realisieren.So far, neither in air- or gas-insulated technology, an adequate method is known to realize an on and off time in the above range together with a current carrying capacity in said range and turn-on.

Aus der Offenlegungsschrift EP 2 365 503 A1 ist ein Drehschalter mit zwei Polen bekannt. Jeder Pol weist zwei primäre Kontakte und ein drehbares Überbrückungselement auf. In einer Stellung verbindet das drehbare Überbrückungselement die beiden primären Kontakte. Jeder primäre Kontakt ist an einer festen Stromschiene angeordnet.From the publication EP 2 365 503 A1 is a rotary switch with two poles known. Each pole has two primary contacts and a rotatable bridging element. In one position, the rotatable bridging element connects the two primary contacts. Each primary contact is arranged on a fixed busbar.

Die Offenlegungsschrift DE 28 02 556 A1 offenbart eine Schaltanordnung zum Abschalten von Gleichströmen großer Stromstärke bei hohen Spannungen. Diese Schaltanordnung weist zwei in Reihe liegende Schaltstrecken auf, die annähernd synchron betätigt werden.The publication DE 28 02 556 A1 discloses a switching arrangement for switching off high current DC currents at high voltages. This switching arrangement has two series-connected switching paths, which are actuated approximately synchronously.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Trennschalter der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, welcher möglichst hohe Ströme in möglichst kurzer Zeit schalten kann und dabei ein Einschaltvermögen besitzt.It is an object of the invention to provide a circuit breaker of the type mentioned, which can turn as high currents in the shortest possible time and thereby has a breaking capacity.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Überlegung aus, dass für hohe Spannungen eine besonders große Trennstrecke erforderlich ist. Um das beim geschlossenen Kontakt zwischen den Leiterstücken überbrückende Leiterstück hier möglichst schnell lösen zu können, sollte das hierzu nötige Drehmoment minimiert werden. Dies ist durch eine Anordnung der die Drehung verursachenden Welle in der Mitte des beweglichen Leiterstücks, d. h. im Wesentlichen in dessen Schwerpunkt erreichbar. Hierdurch entstehen beim Wegdrehen des mittigen Leiterstücks zwei gleichzeitig öffnende Trennstrecken, nämlich vom Ende des ersten Leiterstücks bis zur Mitte des beweglichen mittigen Leiterstücks und von dort bis zum zweiten Leiterstück.The invention is based on the consideration that for high voltages, a particularly large separation distance is required. For the closed contact between the conductor pieces Bridging conductor piece to solve here as quickly as possible, the required torque should be minimized. This is achieved by an arrangement of the rotation causing shaft in the middle of the movable conductor piece, ie substantially in the center of gravity. As a result, when opening the central conductor piece, two simultaneously opening separating sections are formed, namely from the end of the first conductor piece to the center of the movable central conductor piece and from there to the second conductor piece.

Weiterhin umfasst der Trennschalter/Schnelltrennschalter vorteilhafterweise ein viertes Leiterstück und ein das zweite und das vierte Leiterstück in einer ersten Position verbindendes fünftes Leiterstück, wobei das fünfte Leiterstück mittig an einer zweiten Welle eines zweiten Drehantriebs befestigt ist. Mit anderen Worten: Die bereits gebildete Trennstrecke durch das erste drehbare Leiterstück wird in praktisch identischer Weise noch einmal dupliziert. An das Leiterstück, dass an das erste drehbare Leiterstück anschließt, schließt sich ein zweites drehbares Leiterstück an, welches ebenfalls wie das erste drehbare Leiterstück mittig an einer Welle angeordnet ist, so dass es zur Trennung der jeweils verbundenen Leiterstücke weggedreht werden kann. Hierdurch entstehen insgesamt vier Trennstrecken, die in kurzer Zeit besonders hohe Ströme schalten können.Furthermore, the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch advantageously comprises a fourth conductor piece and a connecting the second and the fourth conductor piece in a first position fifth conductor piece, wherein the fifth conductor piece is mounted centrally on a second shaft of a second rotary drive. In other words, the already formed separation path through the first rotatable conductor piece is duplicated again in virtually identical manner. To the conductor piece that connects to the first rotatable conductor piece, a second rotatable conductor piece connects, which is also like the first rotatable conductor piece centered on a shaft, so that it can be rotated to separate the respective connected conductor pieces. This results in a total of four separation sections that can switch very high currents in a short time.

Einer oder bevorzugt beide Drehantriebe umfassen dabei vorteilhafterweise einen elektromagnetischen Linearantrieb. Dieser kann jeweils als Linearmotor mit elektrodynamischem Wirkprinzip oder als Linearaktor mit piezoelektrischem, elektrostatischem, elektromagnetischem, magnetostriktivem oder thermoelektrischem Wirkprinzip ausgestaltet sein. Gemein ist elektromagnetischen Linearantrieben, das diese besonders schnelle Beschleunigung realisieren, so dass sehr hohe Kontaktbeschleunigung der Leiterstücke bzw. vielmehr ihrer Endpunkte, die die Kontakte zueinander herstellen, ermöglicht werden. Der Linearantrieb kann über einen Riemenantrieb mit Führung über eine Rolle oder über einen Kurbelantrieb die benötigte rotatorische Bewegung der Welle erzeugen.One or preferably both rotary drives advantageously comprise an electromagnetic linear drive. This can be configured in each case as a linear motor with electrodynamic action or as a linear actuator with piezoelectric, electrostatic, electromagnetic, magnetostrictive or thermoelectric active principle. Common is electromagnetic linear actuators that realize this very fast acceleration, so that very high contact acceleration of the conductor pieces or rather their end points that make the contacts to each other, are possible. The linear drive can generate the required rotational movement of the shaft via a belt drive with guidance via a roller or a crank drive.

Der erste und der zweite Drehantrieb, die jeweils das eine bzw. das andere drehbare Leiterstück drehen, sind vorteilhafterweise synchronisiert. Hierdurch wird ein absolut gleichzeitiges Öffnen aller vier Trennstrecken erreicht. Die Synchronisierung kann dabei elektronisch durch Sicherstellung einer gleichzeitigen Schaltung beider Drehantriebe erreicht werden, oder aber mechanisch über eine mechanische Kopplung beider Wellen, so dass diese ggf. auch nur von einem einzigen Linearmotor oder anderem Aktor betätigt werden und ihre Bewegungen auch unabhängig vom Antrieb stets gekoppelt sind.The first and the second rotary drive, which respectively rotate one or the other rotatable conductor piece, are advantageously synchronized. This achieves an absolutely simultaneous opening of all four separating sections. The synchronization can be achieved electronically by ensuring simultaneous switching both rotary actuators, or mechanically via a mechanical coupling of the two shafts, so that they may also be actuated only by a single linear motor or other actuator and their movements always coupled independently of the drive are.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung sind das dritte und/oder das fünfte Leiterstück, d. h. die beiden drehbaren Leiterstücke in einer jeweiligen zweiten, durch den jeweiligen Drehantrieb erreichbaren Position mit jeweils einem Erdungskontakt verbunden. Das heißt, dass im Trennschalter/Schnelltrennschalter geerdete Kontakte vorhanden sind, die so angeordnet sind, dass sie in der zweiten, geöffneten Position, die die jeweilige Endposition der drehbaren Leiterstücke für die Trennung darstellt, die Endpunkte dieser Leiterstücke berühren. Dadurch werden die drehbaren Leiterstücke im Trennungsdrehzustand geerdet.In an advantageous embodiment, the third and / or the fifth conductor piece, d. H. the two rotatable conductor pieces in a respective second, accessible by the respective rotary drive position connected to one ground contact. That is, there are grounded contacts in the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch which are arranged to contact the endpoints of these conductor pieces in the second, open position, which represents the respective end position of the rotatable conductor pieces for disconnection. As a result, the rotatable conductor pieces are grounded in the disconnection rotation state.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die jeweilige Welle zur Drehung der Leiterstücke senkrecht zur Haupterstreckungsrichtung des jeweils mit ihr verbundenen Leiterstücks an diesem befestigt. Durch die senkrechte Anordnung wird eine maximale Auslenkung der Endpunkte der Leiterstücke und damit eine besonders hohe Kontaktbeschleunigung erreicht.Advantageously, the respective shaft for rotation of the conductor pieces is perpendicular to the main extension direction of each connected thereto conductor piece attached thereto. Due to the vertical arrangement, a maximum deflection of the end points of the conductor pieces and thus a particularly high contact acceleration is achieved.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist die jeweilige zweite, d. h. die geöffnete Position des Trennschalters/Schnelltrennschalters durch eine Drehung der jeweiligen Welle von mehr als 70° aus der jeweils ersten, d. h. geschlossenen Position erreichbar. Damit werden besonders große Abstände der Kontakte, d. h. der Endpunkte der Leiterstücke erreicht. Bei geraden Leiterstücken wird das Maximum des Abstandes durch eine Drehung von 90° erreicht.In a further advantageous embodiment, the respective second, d. H. the open position of the circuit breaker / quick release switch by a rotation of the respective shaft of more than 70 ° from the respective first, d. H. reachable closed position. Thus, particularly large distances of the contacts, d. H. reached the end points of the conductor pieces. For straight conductor pieces, the maximum of the distance is achieved by a rotation of 90 °.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Trennschalters/Schnelltrennschalters sind die Leiterstücke von einer geerdeten Ummantelung beabstandet umschlossen. Der Trennschalter ist also gekapselt, d. h. eine beispielsweise zylindrische Ummantelung mit ausreichend Abstand von den Leiterstücken umschließt die gesamte Anordnung.In an advantageous embodiment of the circuit breaker / quick release switch, the conductor pieces are enclosed by a grounded sheath spaced. The circuit breaker is thus encapsulated, d. H. a cylindrical casing, for example, with a sufficient distance from the conductor pieces surrounds the entire arrangement.

Die Leiterstücke des Trennschalters/Schnelltrennschalters sind vorteilhafterweise in der jeweiligen ersten Position im Wesentlichen linear angeordnet. Hierbei sind die Leiterstücke selbst vorteilhafterweise auch als gerade Stücke ausgestaltet. Durch die lineare Erstreckung wird die Trennstrecke bei gedrehten Leiterstücken in geöffneter Position maximiert.The conductor pieces of the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch are advantageously arranged substantially linearly in the respective first position. Here are the conductor pieces itself advantageously also designed as straight pieces. Due to the linear extension, the separation distance is maximized for turned conductor pieces in the open position.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist der Trennschalter/Schnelltrennschalter zu einer das zweite Leiterstück schneidenden Symmetrieebene spiegelsymmetrisch ausgebildet. Das zweite Leiterstück ist hierbei bevorzugt eine Normale der Symmetrieebene. Durch die Symmetrie wird die Konstruktion vereinfacht. Die beiden drehbaren Leiterstücke werden beim Öffnen/Schließen in entgegengesetzter Richtung um 90° gedreht.In an advantageous embodiment, the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch to a second conductor piece intersecting plane of symmetry is mirror-symmetrical. The second conductor piece is in this case preferably a normal of the plane of symmetry. The symmetry simplifies the construction. The two rotatable conductor pieces are rotated in the opposite direction by 90 ° when opening / closing.

Weiterhin umfasst der Trennschalter/Schnelltrennschalter vorteilhafterweise einen das zweite Leiterstück schneidenden, insbesondere flächigen Stützisolator. Dieser liegt in der beschriebenen symmetrischen Ausgestaltung bevorzugt in der Symmetrieebene.Furthermore, the circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch advantageously comprises a second conductor piece intersecting, in particular flat support insulator. This is preferably in the described symmetrical configuration in the plane of symmetry.

Bei dem Trennschalter umfasst eine Verbindung zweier Leiterstücke (d. h. eines beweglichen und eines starren Leiterstücks) zwei über eine in einer Übermaßpassung ausgelegte Nut-Feder-Verbindung verbundene Verbindungselemente, wobei das erste der Verbindungselemente mit einem der Leiterstücke verbunden ist und das zweite der Verbindungselemente mit dem anderen Leiterstück über ein Federelement verbunden ist. Das Federelement kann hierbei als einfache Schraubenfeder ausgestaltet sein. Hierbei sind im geschlossenen Zustand die Kontakte derart angeordnet, dass die Nut-Feder-Verbindung verbunden ist und das Federelement maximal komprimiert. Nach der Beschleunigung des beweglichen Drehkontaktes beim Öffnen wird zunächst die Feder auseinandergezogen, durch die Presspassung bleibt die Nut-Feder-Verbindung noch verbunden. Der eigentliche Kontaktverlust tritt erst nach Überschreiten des Punktes ein, an dem die Federzugkraft die Kontaktkraft der Nut-Feder-Verbindung übersteigt und den Loskontakt vom Festkontakt losreißt. Die gespannte Feder zieht nun den an ihr befestigten Teil der Nut-Feder-Verbindung wieder zurück, wodurch eine zusätzliche Beschleunigung überlagert wird. Durch die Ausführung der Kontakte mit Zugfeder beim Öffnen wird somit eine zusätzliche, überlagerte Bewegung hergestellt und die Geschwindigkeit des Kontaktes beim Öffnen erhöht.In the circuit breaker comprises a connection of two conductor pieces (ie, a movable and a rigid conductor piece) two connected via a designed in an interference fit tongue and groove connection fasteners, wherein the first of the connecting elements is connected to one of the conductor pieces and the second of the connecting elements with the another conductor piece is connected via a spring element. The spring element can be designed here as a simple coil spring. Here, in the closed state, the contacts are arranged such that the tongue and groove connection is connected and compresses the spring element maximum. After the acceleration of the movable rotary contact when opening the spring is first pulled apart, the press-fit, the tongue-and-groove connection is still connected. The actual contact loss occurs only after exceeding the point at which the spring tensile force exceeds the contact force of the tongue and groove connection and tears the loose contact from the fixed contact. The cocked spring now pulls back the attached to her part of the tongue and groove connection, whereby an additional acceleration is superimposed. By the execution of the contacts with tension spring when opening an additional, superimposed movement is thus produced and increases the speed of contact when opening.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, dass durch die Verteilung der Schaltzeiten auf vier parallel öffnende Trennstrecken gepaart mit einem schnellen Antrieb sowie federgespannten Kontaktstücken zur Realisierung einer zusätzlichen Beschleunigung der Kontaktstücke (beim Öffnen) eine Realisierung eines Trennschalters mit einer Stromtragfähigkeit von mehr als 2 kA mit einer Ein- und Ausschaltzeit im einstelligen Millisekundenbereich sowie einem Einschaltvermögen erreicht wird. Zusätzlich ergibt sich in geöffneter Position auch die Erfüllung einer doppelten Trennstrecke mit dazwischen befindlichen, geerdeten Leiterabschnitten, bestehend aus den in Erdkontakte eingefahrenen beweglichen Leiterstücken. Der dargestellte Trennschalter/Schnelltrennschalter kann nicht nur in der HGÜ-Technik, sondern auch allgemein in Wechselstromanwendungen verwendet werden.The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that by the distribution of the switching times on four parallel separating lines paired with a fast drive and spring-loaded contact pieces to realize an additional acceleration of the contacts (when opening) a realization of a circuit breaker with a current carrying capacity of more than 2 kA with an on and off time in the single digit millisecond range as well as a breaking capacity is achieved. In addition, results in the open position, the fulfillment of a double separation distance with intervening, grounded conductor sections, consisting of retracted in earth contacts moving conductor pieces. The circuit breaker / quick disconnect switch shown can be used not only in HVDC technology but also generally in AC applications.

Die Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:

FIG 1
einen Schnelltrennschalter mit insgesamt vier Trennstrecken, und
FIG 2
die mit einer Zugfeder versehenen Kontakte der Leiterstücke des Schnelltrennschalters.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Show:
FIG. 1
a quick release switch with a total of four separation sections, and
FIG. 2
the provided with a tension spring contacts the conductor pieces of the quick disconnect switch.

Gleiche Teile sind in allen Figuren mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.Identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

Die FIG 1 zeigt einen Schnelltrennschalter 1, der vollumfänglich in einer kreiszylindermantelförmigen Ummantelung 2 angeordnet ist. Die kreisscheibenförmigen Grundflächen 4 des Zylinders sind ebenfalls bis auf eine Öffnung 6 in ihrem Mittelpunkt geschlossen. Die Öffnungen 6 beiderseits bilden die Anschlüsse der durch den Schnelltrennschalter 1 zu trennenden, nicht dargestellten Leitung.The FIG. 1 shows a quick disconnect switch 1, the fully arranged in a circular jacket sheath 2 is. The circular disk-shaped base surfaces 4 of the cylinder are also closed except for an opening 6 at its center. The openings 6 on both sides form the connections of the quick disconnect switch 1 to be separated, not shown.

In der Mitte zwischen den beiden Grundflächen 4 ist ein flacher, kreisscheibenförmiger Stützisolator 8 parallel zu den Grundflächen 4 angeordnet, der die gleiche Ausdehnung wie die Grundflächen 4 hat, den Zylinder also vollständig in zwei gleiche Halbräume 10 teilt. In der Tat sind im Ausführungsbeispiel Grundflächen 4 und Stützisolator 8 identisch ausgebildete Bauteile.In the middle between the two base surfaces 4 a flat, circular disk-shaped support insulator 8 is arranged parallel to the base surfaces 4, which has the same extent as the base surfaces 4, the cylinder thus completely in two equal half-spaces 10 shares. In fact, in the embodiment base 4 and support insulator 8 identically formed components.

Durch die Mitte des Stützisolators 8 führt in der Achse des Zylinders ein gerades Leiterstück 12. Der Stützisolator 8 bildet eine Symmetrieebene des Schnelltrennschalters 1. Innerhalb der Ummantelung 2 sind beiderseits entlang der Achse des Zylinders alle Bauteile spiegelsymmetrisch in den beiden Halbräumen 10 angeordnet. Daher wird die folgende Beschreibung auf einen Halbraum 10 beschränkt, wobei der Einfachheit halber jeweils zueinander symmetrische Bauteile dieselben Bezugszeichen in der Zeichnung erhalten, obwohl sie selbstverständlich ggf. doppelt vorhanden sind.The support insulator 8 forms a plane of symmetry of the quick disconnect switch 1. Within the casing 2, both components are arranged mirror-symmetrically in the two half-spaces 10 on both sides along the axis of the cylinder. Therefore, the following description is limited to a half-space 10, wherein for simplicity, each mutually symmetrical components the same reference numerals in the drawing, although they are of course optionally duplicated.

In der Achse des Zylinders folgt an die Öffnung 6 anschließend ein weiteres gerades Leiterstück 14. Dessen Endpunkt 16 ist vom Endpunkt 18 des ersten Leiterstücks 12 im Halbraum 10 entlang der Achse beabstandet. Den Mittelpunkt zwischen den Endpunkten 16, 18 schneidend ist senkrecht zur Achse des Zylinders eine Welle 20 die Ummantelung 2 durchstoßend drehbar gelagert angeordnet. Im Mittelpunkt zwischen den Endpunkten 16, 18 ist an der Welle 20 ein gerades Leiterstück 22 befestigt.In the axis of the cylinder is followed by the opening 6 then another straight conductor piece 14. Its end point 16 is spaced from the end point 18 of the first conductor piece 12 in the half-space 10 along the axis. The center between the end points 16, 18 intersecting perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, a shaft 20, the sheath 2 arranged by piercing rotatably mounted. At the center between the end points 16, 18, a straight conductor piece 22 is attached to the shaft 20.

Die Länge des Leiterstücks 22 ist dabei etwas länger als der Abstand zwischen den Endpunkten 16, 18 der beiden Leiterstücke 12, 14, so dass dieses nicht exakt in der Achse des Zylinders liegt, sondern nur mit seinem Schwerpunkt, durch den die Welle 20 verläuft, die Achse schneidet. Darüber hinaus liegt es leicht schräg zur Achse, so dass es seitlich die Endpunkte 16, 18 der Leiterstücke 12, 14 berührt. Eine Bewegung durch Drehung der Welle 20 mit dem Leiterstück 22 kann damit nur in eine Richtung erfolgen, nämlich mit den jeweiligen Enden des Leiterstücks 22 weg von den Endpunkten 16, 18, angezeigt durch die Pfeile 24. Die Kontaktpunkte im Bereich II werden noch in FIG 2 gesondert dargestellt.The length of the conductor piece 22 is slightly longer than the distance between the end points 16, 18 of the two conductor pieces 12, 14, so that this is not exactly in the axis of the cylinder lies, but only with its center of gravity through which the shaft 20 passes, the axis intersects. In addition, it is slightly oblique to the axis, so that it touches the end points 16, 18 of the conductor pieces 12, 14 laterally. A movement by rotation of the shaft 20 with the conductor piece 22 can thus take place only in one direction, namely with the respective ends of the conductor piece 22 away from the end points 16, 18, indicated by the arrows 24. The contact points in area II are still in FIG. 2 shown separately.

Durch Betätigung der Welle 20 mittels eines nicht näher dargestellten Drehantriebs wird die Welle 20 gedreht, so dass das Leiterstück 22 in Richtung der Pfeile 24 gedreht wird. Die Bewegung ist um fast 90° möglich und endet, wenn das Leiterstück 22 senkrecht zur Welle 20 und zur Achse des Zylinders steht, angezeigt durch die gestrichelte Darstellung 26, die die geöffnete Position des Schnelltrennschalters 1 zeigt. Die Bewegung wird dort gestoppt durch jeweils beiderseits in der durch die Drehung des Leiterstücks 22 aufgespannten Ebene angeordnete, erhabene Erdungskontakte 28 an den Innenwänden der Ummantelung 2.By operating the shaft 20 by means of a rotary drive, not shown, the shaft 20 is rotated, so that the conductor piece 22 is rotated in the direction of the arrows 24. The movement is possible by almost 90 ° and ends when the conductor piece 22 is perpendicular to the shaft 20 and the axis of the cylinder, indicated by the dashed line 26, showing the open position of the quick disconnector 1. The movement is stopped there by in each case arranged on both sides in the plane defined by the rotation of the conductor piece 22 plane, raised grounding contacts 28 on the inner walls of the casing second

Auch in der Bewegung der Leiterstücke 22 sind die beiden Halbräume 10 zu jeder Zeit symmetrisch. Diese wird durch eine mechanische oder alternativ elektronische Synchronisierung der Wellen 20 erreicht. Diese können mechanisch verbunden sein und durch einen einzigen Drehantrieb betätigt werden.Also in the movement of the conductor pieces 22, the two half-spaces 10 are symmetrical at all times. This is achieved by a mechanical or alternatively electronic synchronization of the shafts 20. These can be mechanically connected and actuated by a single rotary drive.

FIG 2 zeigt den Bereich II in größerem Detail, der den Kontaktbereich zwischen den Leiterstücken 14, 22 zeigt. Dieser entspricht dem Kontaktbereich zwischen den Leiterstücken 12, 22. Am Leiterstück 22 ist ein erstes Verbindungselement 30 angeordnet, welches zwei in die Bildebene hinein erstreckte Nuten 32, 34 aufweist. Die Öffnungsrichtung der Nuten 32, 34 weist auf das gegenüberliegende Leiterstück 14. Das Verbindungselement 30 kann in einer alternativen Ausgestaltung auch einstückig mit dem Leiterstück 22 ausgebildet sein. FIG. 2 shows the area II in greater detail, showing the contact area between the conductor pieces 14, 22. This corresponds to the contact region between the conductor pieces 12, 22. On the conductor piece 22, a first connecting element 30 is arranged, which has two grooves 32, 34 extending into the image plane. The opening direction of the grooves 32, 34 points to the opposite conductor piece 14. The connecting element 30 may also be integrally formed with the conductor piece 22 in an alternative embodiment.

In die beiden Nuten 32, 34 greifen zwei entsprechende Federn ein, die die Seiten eines im Profil U-förmigen Verbindungselements 36 bilden. Dieses Verbindungselement 36 ist mittels einer Schraubenfeder 38 am Leiterstück 14 angeordnet. Dabei wird das U-förmige Verbindungselement 36 derart von einem Führungselement 40 eingefasst, dass nur eine Bewegung in einer Raumrichtung, nämlich auf das gegenüberliegende Leiterstück 22 zu oder weg möglich ist.In the two grooves 32, 34 engage two corresponding springs, which form the sides of a profile U-shaped connecting element 36. This connecting element 36 is arranged on the conductor piece 14 by means of a helical spring 38. In this case, the U-shaped connecting element 36 is bordered by a guide element 40 such that only one movement in one spatial direction, namely on the opposite conductor piece 22 to or away is possible.

Nut 32, 34 und Federn sind in einem leichten Übermaß ausgelegt, so dass für eine Trennung der Federn aus der Nut 32, 34 eine Kraft aufgewendet werden muss. Hierdurch wird bei einer Drehung zunächst die Schraubenfeder 38 auseinandergezogen, da die Federn zunächst in den Nuten 32, 34 verbleiben. Erst wenn die Kontaktkräfte kleiner als die Federkraft werden, springen die Federn aus den Nuten 32, 34. Der Kontakt erfährt dadurch eine überlagerte Beschleunigung aus der Beschleunigung des beweglichen Leiterstückes 12, 14 sowie der zusätzlichen Beschleunigung durch die Federspannkraft.Groove 32, 34 and springs are designed in a slight oversize, so that for a separation of the springs from the groove 32, 34, a force must be applied. As a result, the coil spring 38 is first pulled apart during a rotation, since the springs initially remain in the grooves 32, 34. Only when the contact forces are smaller than the spring force, the springs jump out of the grooves 32, 34. The contact experiences a superimposed acceleration from the acceleration of the movable conductor piece 12, 14 and the additional acceleration by the spring tension.

In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung kann das in FIG 2 dargestellte und oben beschriebene Kontaktsystem konstruktiv auch rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet sein, d. h. die Verbindungselemente 30, 36 sowie das Führungselement 40 sind um die Achse der Schraubenfeder 38 rotationssymmetrisch geformt.In an alternative embodiment, the in FIG. 2 shown and described above contact system be designed to be rotationally symmetrical, ie, the connecting elements 30, 36 and the guide member 40 are rotationally symmetrical about the axis of the coil spring 38.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Trennschalterdisconnectors
22
Ummantelungjacket
44
Grundflächefootprint
66
Öffnungopening
88th
Stützisolatorsupport insulator
1010
Halbraumhalf space
12, 1412, 14
Leiterstückconductor piece
16, 1816, 18
Endpunktendpoint
2020
Wellewave
2222
Leiterstückconductor piece
2424
Pfeilarrow
2626
Darstellungpresentation
2828
Erdungskontaktground contact
3030
Verbindungselementconnecting element
32, 3432, 34
Nutgroove
3636
Verbindungselementconnecting element
3838
Schraubenfedercoil spring
4040
Führungselementguide element
IIII
BereichArea

Claims (11)

  1. Isolator switch (1), in particular rapid-action isolator switch, comprising a first conductor piece (14), a second conductor piece (12) and a third conductor piece (22) which connects the first and the second conductor piece (12, 14) in a first position, wherein the third conductor piece (22) is centrally fastened to a first shaft (20) of a first rotary drive,
    characterized in that
    a connection between two conductor pieces (12, 14, 22) comprises two connecting elements (30, 36) which are connected by means of a tongue-and-groove connection which is designed with an interference fit, wherein the first of the connecting elements (30) is connected to one of the conductor pieces (22), and the second of the connecting elements (36) is connected to the other conductor piece (12, 14) by means of a spring element (38) .
  2. Isolator switch (1) according to Claim 1, further comprising a fourth conductor piece (14) and a fifth conductor piece (22) which connects the second and the fourth conductor piece (12, 14) in a first position, wherein the fifth conductor piece (22) is centrally fastened to a second shaft (20) of a second rotary drive.
  3. Isolator switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which a rotary drive comprises an electromagnetic linear drive.
  4. Isolator switch (1) according to Claim 2 or 3, in which the first and the second rotary drive are synchronized.
  5. Isolator switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the third and/or the fifth conductor piece (22) are each connected to an earth contact (28) in a respective second position which can be reached by the respective rotary drive.
  6. Isolator switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the respective shaft (20) is fastened to the conductor piece (22) which is respectively connected to it perpendicularly in relation to the direction of main extent of the said conductor piece.
  7. Isolator switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the respective second position can be reached by rotation of the respective shaft (20) by more than 70° out of the respectively first position.
  8. Isolator switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the conductor pieces (12, 14, 22) are surrounded at a distance by an earthed sheathing (2).
  9. Isolator switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the conductor pieces (12, 14, 22) are arranged substantially linearly in the respective first position.
  10. Isolator switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which is designed with mirror-image symmetry in relation to a plane of symmetry which intersects the second conductor piece (12).
  11. Isolator switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a flat supporting insulator (8) which intersects the second conductor piece (12).
EP14761333.5A 2014-09-04 2014-09-04 Disconnector switch Active EP3167469B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14761333T PL3167469T3 (en) 2014-09-04 2014-09-04 Disconnector switch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2014/068823 WO2016034234A1 (en) 2014-09-04 2014-09-04 Disconnector switch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3167469A1 EP3167469A1 (en) 2017-05-17
EP3167469B1 true EP3167469B1 (en) 2019-08-14

Family

ID=51492948

Family Applications (1)

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EP14761333.5A Active EP3167469B1 (en) 2014-09-04 2014-09-04 Disconnector switch

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3167469B1 (en)
CN (1) CN207009355U (en)
PL (1) PL3167469T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2016034234A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019204441A1 (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High voltage circuit breaker system
DE102019204443A1 (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit breaker system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2802556A1 (en) * 1978-01-19 1979-07-26 Licentia Gmbh Circuit breaker for HV heavy DC - has several, sync. actuated switching paths in series, one containing capacitor charged by load current during breaking
US5584379A (en) * 1994-11-18 1996-12-17 Abb Power T&D Company, Inc. Disconnect switch double motion mechanism
FR2944911B1 (en) * 2009-04-23 2012-12-28 Areva T & D Sa RESISTANCE MEDIUM-VOLTAGE ROTARY ELECTRIC SWITCH-DISCONNECT SWITCH
EP2365503B1 (en) * 2010-03-10 2014-03-05 GE Energy Power Conversion Technology Limited Rotary switches

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN207009355U (en) 2018-02-13
EP3167469A1 (en) 2017-05-17
WO2016034234A1 (en) 2016-03-10
PL3167469T3 (en) 2020-01-31

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