EP3156653B1 - Rotation displacement vacuum pump - Google Patents
Rotation displacement vacuum pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3156653B1 EP3156653B1 EP15189996.0A EP15189996A EP3156653B1 EP 3156653 B1 EP3156653 B1 EP 3156653B1 EP 15189996 A EP15189996 A EP 15189996A EP 3156653 B1 EP3156653 B1 EP 3156653B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum pump
- pump
- rotary displacement
- pressure
- accordance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
- F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/02—Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/04—Specified molecular weight or molecular weight distribution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C25/00—Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids
- F04C25/02—Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids for producing high vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2210/00—Fluid
- F04C2210/12—Fluid auxiliary
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2210/00—Fluid
- F04C2210/14—Lubricant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2210/00—Fluid
- F04C2210/40—Properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2210/00—Fluid
- F04C2210/40—Properties
- F04C2210/44—Viscosity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotary displacement vacuum pump, in particular a rotary vane vacuum pump, with a rotor, at least one working pump section formed on the rotor for conveying a working medium along a medium conveying path, at least one control pump section formed on the rotor for conveying a control fluid, a safety valve for temporarily closing the medium conveying path and one with the pilot fluid operated pressure pilot control for the safety valve.
- Such rotary displacement vacuum pumps are used in a variety of ways to create a vacuum in a recipient.
- the rotary displacement vacuum pump is designed to meet the prevailing operating conditions, e.g. to the ambient temperature, which can change significantly during operation or between applications.
- an intended ambient temperature range can be between + 12 ° C and + 40 ° C.
- a rotary displacement vacuum pump according to the preamble of claim 1 is in EP 0 277 924 A2 disclosed. More pumps are in US 2002/197168 A1 , US 5,236,313 A , KR 101 231 090 , EP1 1 510 692 A1 and EP 0 280 260 disclosed.
- the temperature in the pump which is also influenced by the ambient temperature, has a major influence on the viscosity of the control fluid.
- a temperature that is too low can lead to an excessively high viscosity of the control fluid and thus to an undesirably high pressure build-up in the pressure pilot control and ultimately to damage to the pump.
- too high a temperature can lead to a particularly low viscosity of the control fluid, which in turn can result in a pressure build-up that is too weak in the pressure pilot control. In this case, the pressure pre-control may malfunction.
- the choice of the control fluid has a considerable influence on the viscosity and its dependence on the temperature.
- This is particularly advantageous in the case of a cold start, that is to say when the pump is started after a long period of inactivity, the temperature in the pump during a cold start being essentially the same as the ambient temperature. Because no heat can cause a higher temperature in the pump due to the operation of the pump.
- the ambient temperature range in which the rotary displacement vacuum pump can operate is thus expanded by the invention in particular downwards, that is to say at low temperatures.
- the invention does not only lead to a lowering of the lower temperature limit.
- the pressure required in the pilot control generally builds up on a throttle element, a nozzle and / or a cross-sectional constriction, the flow resistance, in the cross-sectional constriction in particular due to the inner diameter, being set such that a sufficiently high pressure builds up to the upper temperature limit .
- the pressure relief valve provided according to the invention now makes it possible to increase the flow resistance further than before, since an excess pressure which otherwise arises is reliably prevented at cold temperatures.
- the invention thus also allows an increase in the upper temperature limit for the safe and reliable operation of the rotary displacement pump.
- the rotary displacement vacuum pump according to the invention can thus be used in a wide ambient temperature range, and it is not necessary to operate the pilot control of the safety valve electrically, which would lead to more complex control and greater susceptibility to errors. Furthermore, the pump can be made particularly compact according to the invention, since a pressure relief valve can be integrated in a simple and space-saving manner.
- the rotary displacement vacuum pump can in particular be a rotary vane vacuum pump.
- the working pump section and / or the control pump section can work according to the rotary vane pump principle. On more than one, in particular two, working pump sections can be formed in the rotor.
- the pressure relief valve is integrated in a receiving part on which the rotor is supported. This leads to functional integration, which reduces the number of parts and leads to a simpler design.
- the rotor can be rotatably mounted in the receiving part for further functional integration.
- the rotor extends through the receiving part.
- the rotor can thus have, for example, a working pump section on one side of the receiving part and a connection for a coupling on the other side of the receiving part, the rotor, in particular in the region, having the control pump section with which the rotor extends through the receiving part.
- a delivery chamber of the control pump section can be formed in the receiving part.
- An outside of the receiving part can comprise a cylindrical surface, e.g. be made essentially cylindrical.
- a receptacle for the rotor can be designed as a bore that is concentric with the cylindrical surface.
- the receiving part can have a cylindrical basic shape, the central axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the rotor.
- individual components of the pressure relief valve are arranged in cutouts which are formed in a receiving part which is at least partially assigned to the pressure pilot control.
- the individual components can sink completely into a cylindrical basic shape of the receiving component, that is to say in particular they can only be arranged within the cylindrical basic shape, which leads to space savings.
- the pressure relief valve has a closure element and a tensioning element for the closure element, the tensioning element being supported on an abutment element.
- the closure element is e.g. designed as a ball or as a valve lifter.
- the tensioning element can in particular be used as a spring, e.g. a helical compression spring.
- the pressure relief valve can comprise the abutment as a component.
- the abutment element can be designed as a separate component which is attached to a receiving part for the pressure relief valve. This leads to a particularly simple assembly and, if necessary, disassembly of the pressure relief valve.
- Assembly and disassembly can be further simplified if the abutment element is acted upon by a clamping screw which is screwed into the receiving part.
- a clamping axis of the clamping screw acting on the abutment element and a clamping axis of the clamping element acting on the closure element run parallel to one another offset.
- the pressure pilot control comprises a pilot control line leading from the control pump section to the safety valve and a drain line for draining control fluid from the pressure pilot control.
- the drain line has a reduced cross section compared to the pilot line. This ensures a pressure build-up in the pressure pre-control.
- the reduced cross section of the drain line is in particular constant and is in particular at most 1 mm, in particular at most 0.8 mm, in particular at most 0.5 mm.
- the reduced cross section acts in particular as a nozzle for the control fluid.
- the reduced cross section is defined by an opening, in particular a basic quantity bore, in a drain screw arranged in the drain line.
- the drain plug is screwed into a receiving part for the pressure pilot control.
- the pressure relief valve limits the pressure especially in the pilot line.
- a lubricating fluid of the pump is simultaneously provided as a control fluid for the pressure pilot control.
- the control pump section is connected, for example, to a lubricating fluid reservoir of the pump.
- All or some of the above-mentioned receiving parts can be designed as a common receiving part for further functional integration, although separate receiving parts are also possible.
- the rotary displacement vacuum pump according to the invention can be operated, for example, in an ambient temperature range from -20 ° to + 65 °.
- the pump according to the invention is also particularly suitable for use in a vehicle, such as a vehicle, since vehicles are often exposed to a wide range of operating conditions and must therefore be able to be operated in a wide range of ambient temperatures. It is advantageous if the pump can be operated by a 24 V DC drive. Additional inverters are no longer required.
- the rotary displacement vacuum pump of the invention can be used in a vehicle to generate a vacuum in the area of a flywheel. This reduces the air friction of the flywheel and ultimately improves the efficiency of a motor connected to it.
- control fluid in particular as the main component, comprises polyalphaolefin.
- This has properties, such as viscosity, which advantageously work together with a pressure relief valve when operating in a pressure pilot control in order to further enlarge the permissible ambient temperature range.
- control fluid can have at least one of the following advantageous properties: (a) the viscosity at 40 ° C. is between 53 * 10 -6 m 2 / s (cSt) + 12% (59.36) and 53 * 10 - 6 m 2 / s (cSt) - 12% (46.64); (b) the viscosity at 100 ° C is between 7 * 10 -6 m 2 / s (cSt) + 12% (7.84) and 7 * 10 -6 m 2 / s (cSt) - 12% (6, 16); (c) the viscosity index is greater than or equal to 95; (d) the pour point is less than or equal to - 59 ° C; (e) the vapor pressure is at 25 ° C less than or equal to 1 * 10 -7 * 101325/760 N / m 2 (torr); (f) the molar mass at 20 ° C is between 0.83 g / mol + 10%
- the rotary displacement vacuum pump can e.g. are driven by an asynchronous motor, a synchronous motor and / or a special embodiment of a synchronous motor, in particular a BLDC motor.
- the motor can be brought up to the final speed using a flat ramp.
- the engine is e.g. operated at a set current limit, which can avoid overloading the motor if the oil is particularly viscous at low temperatures.
- the BLDC motor can be operated on a DC network essentially without additional devices and can therefore be used advantageously, in particular when the pump is operated in a vehicle.
- the pump can also be operated by another suitable drive, e.g. a DC motor.
- Fig. 1 is shown as a rotary vane vacuum pump and hereinafter referred to as a vacuum pump 10 rotary displacement vacuum pump.
- the vacuum pump 10 draws in a working medium at an inlet 28 and conveys it to an outlet 30, which is open to the atmosphere, for example.
- Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of the vacuum pump 10 along the section line AA, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is indicated.
- the section runs parallel along an axis of rotation of a rotor 12 of the vacuum pump 10.
- the vacuum pump 10 comprises a safety valve 20 which prevents working medium from flowing back if the pump fails.
- the safety valve 20 is pilot-controlled by a pressure pilot control.
- the vacuum pump 10 also includes a motor 26 for driving the rotor 12 of the vacuum pump 10. Between the motor 26 and the rotor 12, a clutch 27 is provided, which can in particular be designed as a magnetic clutch.
- a first working pump section is defined by a slide 14 and a delivery chamber 15.
- a second working pump section is defined by a slide 16 and a delivery chamber 17.
- the rotor has a slide 18 which rotates in a delivery chamber 19 in order to deliver a control fluid for the pressure pilot control.
- the vacuum pump 10 shown thus works in the first working pump section, in the second working pump section and in the control pump section in each case according to the rotary vane pump principle.
- a plurality of slides 14 and 18 can also be provided in a respective pump section.
- the rotor 12 with its control section 18, 19 is received and supported in a receiving part 24 and is rotatably supported therein.
- the receiving part 24 forms with an outer surface 32 a cylindrical basic shape which is aligned concentrically with the axis of rotation of the rotor 12.
- FIG. 3 The vacuum pump 10 is shown in a further sectional view, the section along the section line BB in FIG Fig. 2 runs.
- the image plane of the Fig. 3 runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor 12 and cuts the receiving part 24 such that a pressure relief valve 22 is visible.
- the pressure relief valve 22 comprises a closing element 34 designed as a ball, a tensioning element 36 designed as a helical compression spring and an abutment element 38.
- the closing element 34 is tensioned by the tensioning element 36 against a valve seat 48 in the horizontal direction in the figure.
- the clamping element 36 is supported on the abutment 38.
- the abutment 38 is fixed to the receiving part 24 by a clamping screw 40, so that the abutment 38 forms a firm support for the clamping element 36.
- a pressure relief valve can be easily integrated into a receiving part of an existing pump of the prior art.
- the pressure relief valve 22 can in particular be retrofitted, a drain screw 46, which is explained in more detail below, possibly also being replaced by one with a smaller bore diameter.
- the closure element 34, the clamping element 36, the abutment element 38 and the clamping screw 40 are received in recesses in the receiving part 24 and only protrude to a small extent beyond the cylindrical basic shape of the outer surface 32 of the receiving part 24.
- the pressure relief valve 22 is therefore space-saving integrated in the receiving part 24.
- a clamping axis of the clamping screw 40 acting on the abutment element 38 is arranged offset parallel to a clamping axis of the clamping element 36 acting on the closure element 34.
- FIG. 4 the receiving part 24 with the pressure relief valve 22 and a cut part of the rotor 12 is shown in perspective.
- the receiving part 24 is designed as an essentially flat cylinder.
- the rotor 12 with its control pump section is received and supported in the receiving part 24.
- the pressure relief valve 22 is integrated in the receiving part 24.
- the spool 18 of the control pump portion of the rotor 12 rotates counterclockwise with the rotor 12 in the in FIG Fig. 2 shown delivery chamber 19 and thereby conveys the control fluid along a pump direction P.
- the control pump section generates a pressure for the pressure pilot control of the safety valve 20.
- a pilot control line 42 leads to the safety valve 20 in order to provide the pressure generated there as pilot pressure.
- the control fluid also flows back along a drain line 44 to a reservoir for the control fluid.
- a drain screw 46 is arranged, which has a bore along its screw axis, the inside diameter of which is smaller than the drain line 44.
- control fluid At low temperatures, the control fluid is relatively viscous, so it has a high viscosity. In this case, a higher pressure builds up in front of the drain plug 46 than if the control fluid has a lower viscosity at higher temperatures.
- the abutment element 38 is designed as a cuboid with a through hole through which the clamping screw 40 is guided in order to fasten the abutment element 38 to the receiving part 24.
- the force of the clamping screw 40 is transmitted to the clamping axis of the clamping element 36 which is offset parallel to the clamping screw 40.
- Both the lines shown and the cutouts for the closure element 34 and the tensioning element 36 are designed as bores in the receiving part 24.
- the receiving part 24 can be manufactured in a simple manner, or existing pumps can easily be provided with a pressure relief valve by subsequent processing of their receiving part.
- the drain screw 46 is designed as a grub screw, which is screwed into the receiving part 24 in such a way that it allows a control fluid to flow through the drain line 44 with a central opening, namely a basic quantity bore, but builds up a pressure in the pressure pilot control due to the reduced cross section.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Rotary Pumps (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe, insbesondere Drehschiebervakuumpumpe, mit einem Rotor, wenigstens einem an dem Rotor ausgebildeten Arbeitspumpabschnitt zur Förderung eines Arbeitsmediums entlang eines Mediumförderweges, wenigstens einem an dem Rotor ausgebildeten Steuerpumpabschnitt zur Förderung eines Steuerfluids, einem Sicherheitsventil zum zeitweisen Verschließen des Mediumförderweges und einer mit dem Steuerfluid betriebenen Druckvorsteuerung für das Sicherheitsventil.The present invention relates to a rotary displacement vacuum pump, in particular a rotary vane vacuum pump, with a rotor, at least one working pump section formed on the rotor for conveying a working medium along a medium conveying path, at least one control pump section formed on the rotor for conveying a control fluid, a safety valve for temporarily closing the medium conveying path and one with the pilot fluid operated pressure pilot control for the safety valve.
Derartige Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpen werden vielfältig eingesetzt, um ein Vakuum in einem Rezipienten zu erzeugen. Dabei ist die Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe den herrschenden Betriebsbedingungen, wie z.B. der Umgebungstemperatur, ausgesetzt, welche sich im Betrieb oder zwischen Anwendungsfällen mitunter stark ändern.Such rotary displacement vacuum pumps are used in a variety of ways to create a vacuum in a recipient. The rotary displacement vacuum pump is designed to meet the prevailing operating conditions, e.g. to the ambient temperature, which can change significantly during operation or between applications.
Die Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe arbeitet im Allgemeinen nur sicher und zuverlässig, wenn ein bestimmter vorgesehener Umgebungstemperaturbereich eingehalten wird. Für einen beispielhaften Anwendungsfall kann ein vorgesehener Umgebungstemperaturbereich zwischen + 12°C und + 40°C betragen.The rotary displacement vacuum pump generally only works safely and reliably if a certain intended ambient temperature range is maintained. For an exemplary application, an intended ambient temperature range can be between + 12 ° C and + 40 ° C.
Eine Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist in
Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe zu schaffen, die in einem möglichst breiten Umgebungstemperaturbereich einsetzbar ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a rotary displacement vacuum pump which can be used in the widest possible ambient temperature range.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a rotary displacement vacuum pump with the features of claim 1.
Die Temperatur in der Pumpe, welche auch von der Umgebungstemperatur beeinflusst wird, hat einen großen Einfluss auf die Viskosität des Steuerfluids. Eine zu niedrige Temperatur kann zu einer zu hohen Viskosität des Steuerfluids und dadurch zu einem unerwünscht starken Druckaufbau in der Druckvorsteuerung und letztendlich zu einer Beschädigung der Pumpe führen. Dagegen kann eine zu hohe Temperatur zu einer besonders niedrigen Viskosität des Steuerfluids führen, was wiederum einen zu schwachen Druckaufbau in der Druckvorsteuerung zur Folge haben kann. In diesem Fall kann es zu einer Fehlfunktion der Druckvorsteuerung kommen. Daneben hat insbesondere auch die Wahl des Steuerfluids einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Viskosität und deren Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur.The temperature in the pump, which is also influenced by the ambient temperature, has a major influence on the viscosity of the control fluid. A temperature that is too low can lead to an excessively high viscosity of the control fluid and thus to an undesirably high pressure build-up in the pressure pilot control and ultimately to damage to the pump. In contrast, too high a temperature can lead to a particularly low viscosity of the control fluid, which in turn can result in a pressure build-up that is too weak in the pressure pilot control. In this case, the pressure pre-control may malfunction. In addition, the choice of the control fluid has a considerable influence on the viscosity and its dependence on the temperature.
Erfindungsgemäß wird also ein zu hoher Druck, der sich infolge einer mit niedriger Temperatur verbundenen, hohen Viskosität aufbaut, durch das Überdruckventil zuverlässig abgebaut und der Druck im System wird sicher begrenzt. Dies ist insbesondere beim Kaltstart vorteilhaft, also beim Starten der Pumpe nach einer längeren Zeit außer Betrieb, wobei die Temperatur in der Pumpe bei einem Kaltstart im Wesentlichen der Umgebungstemperatur entsprechen kann. Denn hierbei kann noch keine Wärme durch den Betrieb der Pumpe für eine höhere Temperatur in der Pumpe sorgen.According to the invention, a pressure which is too high, which builds up as a result of a high viscosity associated with low temperature, is reliably reduced by the pressure relief valve and the pressure in the system is reliably limited. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a cold start, that is to say when the pump is started after a long period of inactivity, the temperature in the pump during a cold start being essentially the same as the ambient temperature. Because no heat can cause a higher temperature in the pump due to the operation of the pump.
Der Umgebungstemperaturbereich, in dem die Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe arbeiten kann, wird durch die Erfindung somit insbesondere nach unten hin, also zu tiefen Temperaturen hin, erweitert.The ambient temperature range in which the rotary displacement vacuum pump can operate is thus expanded by the invention in particular downwards, that is to say at low temperatures.
Jedoch führt die Erfindung nicht nur zu einer Erniedrigung der unteren Temperaturgrenze. Der benötigte Druck in der Vorsteuerung baut sich im Allgemeinen an einem Drosselelement, einer Düse und/oder einer Querschnittsverengung auf, wobei der Fließwiderstand, bei der Querschnittsverengung insbesondere durch den Innendurchmesser, so eingestellt wird, dass sich bis zur oberen Temperaturgrenze ein ausreichend hoher Druck aufbaut. Durch das erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Überdruckventil ist es nun möglich, den Fließwiderstand weiter zu erhöhen als zuvor, da bei kalten Temperaturen ein sonst entstehender Überdruck sicher verhindert wird. Somit erlaubt die Erfindung auch eine Erhöhung der oberen Temperaturgrenze für den sicheren und zuverlässigen Betrieb der Rotationsverdrängerpumpe.However, the invention does not only lead to a lowering of the lower temperature limit. The pressure required in the pilot control generally builds up on a throttle element, a nozzle and / or a cross-sectional constriction, the flow resistance, in the cross-sectional constriction in particular due to the inner diameter, being set such that a sufficiently high pressure builds up to the upper temperature limit . The pressure relief valve provided according to the invention now makes it possible to increase the flow resistance further than before, since an excess pressure which otherwise arises is reliably prevented at cold temperatures. The invention thus also allows an increase in the upper temperature limit for the safe and reliable operation of the rotary displacement pump.
Die erfindungsgemäße Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe ist also in einem weiten Umgebungstemperaturbereich einsetzbar, und es ist nicht nötig, die Vorsteuerung des Sicherheitsventils elektrisch zu betreiben, was zu einer komplexeren Steuerung und höherer Fehleranfälligkeit führen würde. Ferner lässt sich die Pumpe erfindungsgemäß besonders kompakt ausführen, da ein Überdruckventil in einfacher und platzsparender Weise integriert werden kann.The rotary displacement vacuum pump according to the invention can thus be used in a wide ambient temperature range, and it is not necessary to operate the pilot control of the safety valve electrically, which would lead to more complex control and greater susceptibility to errors. Furthermore, the pump can be made particularly compact according to the invention, since a pressure relief valve can be integrated in a simple and space-saving manner.
Bei der Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe kann es sich insbesondere um eine Drehschiebervakuumpumpe handeln. Der Arbeitspumpabschnitt und/oder der Steuerpumpabschnitt können nach dem Drehschieberpumpprinzip arbeiten. An dem Rotor können mehr als ein, insbesondere zwei Arbeitspumpabschnitte ausgebildet sein.The rotary displacement vacuum pump can in particular be a rotary vane vacuum pump. The working pump section and / or the control pump section can work according to the rotary vane pump principle. On more than one, in particular two, working pump sections can be formed in the rotor.
Bei einer Ausführungsform ist das Überdruckventil in ein Aufnahmeteil integriert, an dem der Rotor abgestützt ist. Dies führt zu einer Funktionsintegration, welche die Teilevielfalt verringert und zu einer einfacheren Konstruktion führt. Der Rotor kann zur weiteren Funktionsintegration in dem Aufnahmeteil drehbar gelagert sein.In one embodiment, the pressure relief valve is integrated in a receiving part on which the rotor is supported. This leads to functional integration, which reduces the number of parts and leads to a simpler design. The rotor can be rotatably mounted in the receiving part for further functional integration.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform erstreckt sich der Rotor durch das Aufnahmeteil hindurch. Der Rotor kann also beispielsweise auf einer Seite des Aufnahmeteils einen Arbeitspumpabschnitt aufweisen und auf der anderen Seite des Aufnahmeteils einen Anschluss für eine Kupplung aufweisen, wobei der Rotor insbesondere in dem Bereich den Steuerpumpabschnitt aufweist, mit dem sich der Rotor durch das Aufnahmeteil hindurch erstreckt.In a further embodiment, the rotor extends through the receiving part. The rotor can thus have, for example, a working pump section on one side of the receiving part and a connection for a coupling on the other side of the receiving part, the rotor, in particular in the region, having the control pump section with which the rotor extends through the receiving part.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann, insbesondere zur weiteren Funktionsintegration, ein Förderraum des Steuerpumpabschnitts in dem Aufnahmeteil ausgebildet sein.Alternatively or additionally, in particular for further functional integration, a delivery chamber of the control pump section can be formed in the receiving part.
Eine Außenseite des Aufnahmeteils kann eine Zylindermantelfläche umfassen, also z.B. im Wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgeführt sein. Eine Aufnahme für den Rotor kann als eine zu der Zylindermantelfläche konzentrische Bohrung ausgeführt sein. Das Aufnahmeteil kann eine zylindrische Grundform aufweisen, deren Mittelachse mit der Drehachse des Rotors zusammenfällt.An outside of the receiving part can comprise a cylindrical surface, e.g. be made essentially cylindrical. A receptacle for the rotor can be designed as a bore that is concentric with the cylindrical surface. The receiving part can have a cylindrical basic shape, the central axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the rotor.
Bei einer Weiterbildung sind einzelne Komponenten des Überdruckventils in Aussparungen angeordnet, die in einem zumindest teilweise der Druckvorsteuerung zugeordneten Aufnahmeteil ausgebildet sind. Die einzelnen Komponenten können insbesondere vollständig in einer zylindrischen Grundform des Aufnahmebauteils versinken, also insbesondere nur innerhalb der zylindrischen Grundform angeordnet sein, was zu Platzeinsparungen führt.In a further development, individual components of the pressure relief valve are arranged in cutouts which are formed in a receiving part which is at least partially assigned to the pressure pilot control. In particular, the individual components can sink completely into a cylindrical basic shape of the receiving component, that is to say in particular they can only be arranged within the cylindrical basic shape, which leads to space savings.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist das Überdruckventil ein Verschlusselement und ein Spannelement für das Verschlusselement auf, wobei das Spannelement an einem Widerlagerelement abgestützt ist. Dies führt zu einem besonders einfachen Aufbau des Überdruckventils. Das Verschlusselement ist z.B. als Kugel oder auch als Ventilstößel ausgeführt. Das Spannelement kann insbesondere als Feder, wie z.B. eine Schraubendruckfeder, ausgeführt sein. Das Überdruckventil kann das Widerlager als Komponente umfassen.In a further embodiment, the pressure relief valve has a closure element and a tensioning element for the closure element, the tensioning element being supported on an abutment element. This leads to a particularly simple construction of the pressure relief valve. The closure element is e.g. designed as a ball or as a valve lifter. The tensioning element can in particular be used as a spring, e.g. a helical compression spring. The pressure relief valve can comprise the abutment as a component.
Das Widerlagerelement kann als ein separates Bauteil ausgeführt sein, das an einem Aufnahmeteil für das Überdruckventil befestigt ist. Dies führt zu einer besonders einfachen Montage und gegebenenfalls Demontage des Überdruckventils.The abutment element can be designed as a separate component which is attached to a receiving part for the pressure relief valve. This leads to a particularly simple assembly and, if necessary, disassembly of the pressure relief valve.
Montage und Demontage können weiter vereinfacht werden, wenn das Widerlagerelement von einer Spannschraube beaufschlagt ist, die in das Aufnahmeteil geschraubt ist.Assembly and disassembly can be further simplified if the abutment element is acted upon by a clamping screw which is screwed into the receiving part.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform verlaufen eine Spannachse der das Widerlagerelement beaufschlagenden Spannschraube und eine Spannachse des das Verschlusselement beaufschlagenden Spannelementes parallel versetzt zueinander. Dadurch lässt sich das Überdruckelement insbesondere in einem zylindrischen Aufnahmeteil besonders platzsparend unterbringen.According to a further embodiment, a clamping axis of the clamping screw acting on the abutment element and a clamping axis of the clamping element acting on the closure element run parallel to one another offset. As a result, the overpressure element can be accommodated in a particularly space-saving manner, in particular in a cylindrical receiving part.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Druckvorsteuerung eine von dem Steuerpumpabschnitt zu dem Sicherheitsventil führende Vorsteuerleitung und eine Ablassleitung zum Ablassen von Steuerfluid aus der Druckvorsteuerung. Dabei weist die Ablassleitung einen gegenüber der Vorsteuerleitung verringerten Querschnitt auf. Hierdurch wird ein Druckaufbau in der Druckvorsteuerung sicher gewährleistet. Der verringerte Querschnitt der Ablassleitung ist insbesondere konstant und beträgt insbesondere höchstens 1 mm, insbesondere höchstens 0,8 mm, insbesondere höchstens 0,5 mm. Der verringerte Querschnitt wirkt insbesondere als Düse für das Steuerfluid.According to the invention, the pressure pilot control comprises a pilot control line leading from the control pump section to the safety valve and a drain line for draining control fluid from the pressure pilot control. The drain line has a reduced cross section compared to the pilot line. This ensures a pressure build-up in the pressure pre-control. The reduced cross section of the drain line is in particular constant and is in particular at most 1 mm, in particular at most 0.8 mm, in particular at most 0.5 mm. The reduced cross section acts in particular as a nozzle for the control fluid.
Im Stand der Technik stellte der Wert eines verringerten Querschnitts einer Ablassleitung nur einen Kompromiss dar. Er musste so gewählt werden, dass bei niedrigen Temperaturen in der Pumpe der Druck nicht zu stark ansteigt und bei hohen Temperaturen noch gerade genug Druck aufgebaut wird. Die Erfindung ermöglicht es nun, den Querschnitt so auszulegen, dass sich über weite Temperaturbereiche hinweg ein ausreichender Druck aufbaut. Zu hohe Drücke werden aber durch das Überdruckventil zuverlässig abgebaut.In the prior art, the value of a reduced cross section of a drain line was only a compromise. It had to be chosen so that the pressure in the pump did not rise too much at low temperatures and just enough pressure was built up at high temperatures. The invention now makes it possible to design the cross section in such a way that sufficient pressure builds up over wide temperature ranges. However, excess pressure is reliably reduced by the pressure relief valve.
Der verringerte Querschnitt ist erfindungsgemäß durch eine Öffnung, insbesondere eine Grundmengenbohrung, in einer in der Ablassleitung angeordneten Ablassschraube definiert. Dies stellt eine besonders einfache Konstruktion dar, und erlaubt auch eine Änderung des Querschnitts, z.B. durch Austausch der Ablassschraube durch eine entsprechende Ablassschraube mit anderem Öffnungsquerschnitt.According to the invention, the reduced cross section is defined by an opening, in particular a basic quantity bore, in a drain screw arranged in the drain line. This is a particularly simple construction and also allows the cross-section to be changed, e.g. by replacing the drain plug with a corresponding drain plug with a different opening cross-section.
Bei einer Ausführungsform ist die Ablassschraube in ein Aufnahmeteil für die Druckvorsteuerung geschraubt. Das Überdruckventil begrenzt den Druck insbesondere in der Vorsteuerleitung.In one embodiment, the drain plug is screwed into a receiving part for the pressure pilot control. The pressure relief valve limits the pressure especially in the pilot line.
Bei einer Weiterbildung ist ein Schmierfluid der Pumpe gleichzeitig als Steuerfluid für die Druckvorsteuerung vorgesehen. Hierdurch wird die Zahl der notwendigen Betriebsstoffe gering gehalten. Der Steuerpumpabschnitt ist dafür z.B. mit einem Schmierfluidreservoir der Pumpe verbunden.In one development, a lubricating fluid of the pump is simultaneously provided as a control fluid for the pressure pilot control. As a result, the number of operating materials required is kept low. For this purpose, the control pump section is connected, for example, to a lubricating fluid reservoir of the pump.
Alle oder einzelne der vorstehend genannten Aufnahmeteile können zur weiteren Funktionsintegration als ein gemeinsames Aufnahmeteil ausgeführt sein, wobei jedoch auch getrennte Aufnahmeteile möglich sind.All or some of the above-mentioned receiving parts can be designed as a common receiving part for further functional integration, although separate receiving parts are also possible.
Die erfindungsgemäße Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe kann beispielsweise in einem Umgebungstemperaturbereich von - 20° bis + 65° betreibbar sein. Die erfindungsgemäße Pumpe eignet sich insbesondere auch für den Einsatz in einem Fahrzeug, wie z.B. einem KFZ, da Fahrzeuge häufig vielseitigen Betriebsbedingungen ausgesetzt sind und somit in breiten Umgebungstemperaturbereichen betreibbar sein müssen. Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Pumpe durch einen 24 V Gleichstromantrieb betrieben werden kann. Zusätzliche Wechselrichter werden dadurch nicht mehr benötigt. Insbesondere kann die Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe der Erfindung in einem Fahrzeug zur Erzeugung eines Vakuums im Bereich einer Schwungmasse eingesetzt werden. Hierdurch wird die Luftreibung der Schwungmasse verringert und letztendlich die Effizienz eines daran angebundenen Motors verbessert.The rotary displacement vacuum pump according to the invention can be operated, for example, in an ambient temperature range from -20 ° to + 65 °. The pump according to the invention is also particularly suitable for use in a vehicle, such as a vehicle, since vehicles are often exposed to a wide range of operating conditions and must therefore be able to be operated in a wide range of ambient temperatures. It is advantageous if the pump can be operated by a 24 V DC drive. Additional inverters are no longer required. In particular, the rotary displacement vacuum pump of the invention can be used in a vehicle to generate a vacuum in the area of a flywheel. This reduces the air friction of the flywheel and ultimately improves the efficiency of a motor connected to it.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung umfasst das Steuerfluid, insbesondere als Hauptbestandteil, Polyalphaolefin. Dieses weist Eigenschaften, wie Viskosität, auf, welche beim Betrieb in einer Druckvorsteuerung mit einem Überdruckventil vorteilhaft zusammenwirken, um den zulässigen Umgebungstemperaturbereich weiter zu vergrößern.In an advantageous development, the control fluid, in particular as the main component, comprises polyalphaolefin. This has properties, such as viscosity, which advantageously work together with a pressure relief valve when operating in a pressure pilot control in order to further enlarge the permissible ambient temperature range.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann das Steuerfluid zumindest eine der folgenden vorteilhaften Eigenschaften aufweisen: (a) die Viskosität bei 40°C beträgt zwischen 53 * 10-6 m2/s (cSt) + 12% (59,36) und 53 * 10-6 m2/s (cSt) - 12% (46,64); (b) die Viskosität bei 100°C beträgt zwischen 7 * 10-6 m2/s (cSt) + 12% (7,84) und 7 * 10-6 m2/s (cSt) - 12% (6,16);(c) der Viskositätsindex ist größer als oder gleich 95; (d) der Pourpoint ist kleiner als oder gleich - 59°C; (e) der Dampfdruck bei 25°C ist kleiner als oder gleich 1 * 10-7 * 101325/760 N/m2 (Torr); (f) die molare Masse bei 20°C beträgt zwischen 0,83 g/mol + 10% (0,913) und 0,83 g/mol - 10% (0,747).Alternatively or additionally, the control fluid can have at least one of the following advantageous properties: (a) the viscosity at 40 ° C. is between 53 * 10 -6 m 2 / s (cSt) + 12% (59.36) and 53 * 10 - 6 m 2 / s (cSt) - 12% (46.64); (b) the viscosity at 100 ° C is between 7 * 10 -6 m 2 / s (cSt) + 12% (7.84) and 7 * 10 -6 m 2 / s (cSt) - 12% (6, 16); (c) the viscosity index is greater than or equal to 95; (d) the pour point is less than or equal to - 59 ° C; (e) the vapor pressure is at 25 ° C less than or equal to 1 * 10 -7 * 101325/760 N / m 2 (torr); (f) the molar mass at 20 ° C is between 0.83 g / mol + 10% (0.913) and 0.83 g / mol - 10% (0.747).
Die Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe kann z.B. durch einen Asynchronmotor, einen Synchronmotor und/oder eine spezielle Ausführungsform eines Synchronmotors, insbesondere einen BLDC-Motor, angetrieben werden. Der Motor kann über eine flache Rampe auf die Enddrehzahl gebracht werden. Dabei wird der Motor z.B. an einer eingestellten Stromgrenze betrieben, wodurch eine Überlastung des Motors vermieden werden kann, wenn das Öl bei niedriger Temperatur besonders zähflüssig ist. Der BLDC-Motor lässt sich an einem Gleichstromnetz im Wesentlichen ohne zusätzliche Einrichtungen betreiben und ist somit insbesondere beim Betrieb der Pumpe in einem Fahrzeug vorteilhaft einsetzbar. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Pumpe auch durch einen anderen geeigneten Antrieb, wie z.B. einen DC-Motor, angetrieben werden.The rotary displacement vacuum pump can e.g. are driven by an asynchronous motor, a synchronous motor and / or a special embodiment of a synchronous motor, in particular a BLDC motor. The motor can be brought up to the final speed using a flat ramp. The engine is e.g. operated at a set current limit, which can avoid overloading the motor if the oil is particularly viscous at low temperatures. The BLDC motor can be operated on a DC network essentially without additional devices and can therefore be used advantageously, in particular when the pump is operated in a vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, the pump can also be operated by another suitable drive, e.g. a DC motor.
Weitere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Figuren zu entnehmen.Further embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims, the description and the figures.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend lediglich beispielhaft anhand der schematischen Zeichnung erläutert.
- Fig. 1
- zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Rotationsverdrängervakuumpumpe in einer Seitenansicht.
- Fig. 2
- zeigt die Vakuumpumpe der
Fig. 1 in einer Schnittansicht entlang der Linie A-A vonFig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- zeigt die Vakuumpumpe in einer weiteren Schnittansicht entlang der Linie B-B von
Fig. 2 . - Fig. 4
- zeigt in perspektivischer Ansicht die Anordnung eines Überdruckventils in einem Aufnahmeteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vakuumpumpe.
- Fig. 1
- shows a rotary displacement vacuum pump according to the invention in a side view.
- Fig. 2
- shows the vacuum pump of the
Fig. 1 in a sectional view along the line AA ofFig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- shows the vacuum pump in a further sectional view along the line BB of
Fig. 2 . - Fig. 4
- shows a perspective view of the arrangement of a pressure relief valve in a receiving part of the vacuum pump according to the invention.
In
Die Vakuumpumpe 10 umfasst außerdem einen Motor 26 zum Antrieb des Rotors 12 der Vakuumpumpe 10. Zwischen Motor 26 und Rotor 12 ist eine Kupplung 27 vorgesehen, welche insbesondere als Magnetkupplung ausgeführt sein kann.The
An dem Rotor 12 sind zwei Arbeitspumpabschnitte und ein Steuerpumpabschnitt ausgebildet. Ein erster Arbeitspumpabschnitt wird durch einen Schieber 14 und einen Förderraum 15 definiert. Ein zweiter Arbeitspumpabschnitt wird durch einen Schieber 16 und einen Förderraum 17 definiert. In dem Steuerpumpabschnitt weist der Rotor einen Schieber 18 auf, der in einem Förderraum 19 rotiert, um ein Steuerfluid für die Druckvorsteuerung zu fördern. Die gezeigte Vakuumpumpe 10 arbeitet also im ersten Arbeitspumpabschnitt, im zweiten Arbeitspumpabschnitt und im Steuerpumpabschnitt jeweils nach dem Drehschieberpumpprinzip. In einem jeweiligen Pumpabschnitt können auch mehrere Schieber 14 bzw. 18 vorgesehen sein.Two working pump sections and a control pump section are formed on the
Der Rotor 12 ist mit seinem Steuerabschnitt 18, 19 in einem Aufnahmeteil 24 aufgenommen und abgestützt und ist darin drehbar gelagert. Das Aufnahmeteil 24 bildet mit einer Außenfläche 32 eine zylindrische Grundform, welche konzentrisch zu der Drehachse des Rotors 12 ausgerichtet ist.The
In
Das Überdruckventil 22 umfasst ein als Kugel ausgebildetes Verschlusselement 34, ein als Schraubendruckfeder ausgebildetes Spannelement 36 sowie ein Widerlagerelement 38. Das Verschlusselement 34 ist von dem Spannelement 36 in im Bild horizontaler Richtung gegen einen Ventilsitz 48 gespannt. Dabei stützt sich das Spannelement 36 an dem Widerlager 38 ab. Das Widerlager 38 ist durch eine Spannschraube 40 an dem Aufnahmeteil 24 festgelegt, so dass das Widerlager 38 eine feste Abstützung für das Spannelement 36 bildet.The
Anhand von
Das Verschlusselement 34, das Spannelement 36, das Widerlagerelement 38 und die Spannschraube 40 sind in Aussparungen des Aufnahmeteils 24 aufgenommen und ragen nur zu einem geringen Teil über die zylindrische Grundform der Außenfläche 32 des Aufnahmeteils 24 hinaus. Das Überdruckventil 22 ist also platzsparend in das Aufnahmeteil 24 integriert. Dazu ist eine Spannachse der das Widerlagerelement 38 beaufschlagenden Spannschraube 40 parallel versetzt zu einer Spannachse des das Verschlusselement 34 beaufschlagenden Spannelementes 36 angeordnet.The
In
Der Schieber 18 des Steuerpumpabschnitts des Rotors 12 rotiert mit dem Rotor 12 entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn in dem in
Bei niedrigen Temperaturen ist das Steuerfluid relativ zähflüssig, besitzt also eine hohe Viskosität. In diesem Fall baut sich vor der Ablassschraube 46 ein höherer Druck auf als wenn das Steuerfluid bei höheren Temperaturen eine niedrigere Viskosität aufweist.At low temperatures, the control fluid is relatively viscous, so it has a high viscosity. In this case, a higher pressure builds up in front of the
Sobald der Druck in der Druckvorsteuerung einen bestimmten Wert überschreitet, wird er durch das über eine Überdruckleitung 50 angeschlossene Überdruckventil 22 abgebaut und überschüssiges Steuerfluid fließt über das Überdruckventil 22 ebenfalls zurück in das Reservoir für das Steuerfluid. Dazu wird das Verschlusselement 34 durch den hohen Druck gegen das Spannelement 36 angehoben, also im Bild nach links verschoben, so dass sich das Überdruckventil 22 öffnet und das Steuerfluid abfließen kann. Sobald sich der Druck abgebaut hat, wird das Verschlusselement 34 durch das Spannelement 36 zurück in eine Geschlossenstellung des Überdruckventils 22 bewegt.As soon as the pressure in the pressure pilot control exceeds a certain value, it is reduced by the
Das Widerlagerelement 38 ist als Quader mit einer Durchgangsbohrung ausgeführt, durch welche die Spannschraube 40 geführt ist, um das Widerlagerelement 38 an dem Aufnahmeteil 24 zu befestigen. Dadurch wird die Kraft der Spannschraube 40 auf die parallel versetzt zur Spannschraube 40 angeordnete Spannachse des Spannelements 36 übertragen.The
Sowohl die gezeigten Leitungen als auch die Aussparungen für das Verschlusselement 34 und das Spannelement 36 sind als Bohrungen in dem Aufnahmeteil 24 ausgeführt. Dadurch lässt sich das Aufnahmeteil 24 in einfacher Weise herstellen bzw. lassen sich bestehende Pumpen durch nachträgliche Bearbeitung ihres Aufnahmeteils einfach mit einem Überdruckventil versehen.Both the lines shown and the cutouts for the
Die Ablassschraube 46 ist als Madenschraube ausgeführt, die in dem Aufnahmeteil 24 so verschraubt ist, dass sie mit einer zentralen Öffnung, nämlich einer Grundmengenbohrung, einen Durchfluss von Steuerfluid aus der Ablassleitung 44 erlaubt, jedoch durch den verringerten Querschnitt einen Druck in der Durckvorsteuerung aufbaut.The
- 1010th
- VakuumpumpeVacuum pump
- 1212th
- Rotorrotor
- 1414
- Schieber des ersten ArbeitspumpabschnittsSlider of the first working pump section
- 1515
- Förderraum des ersten ArbeitspumpabschnittsDelivery chamber of the first section of the working pump
- 1616
- Schieber des zweiten ArbeitspumpabschnittsSlider of the second working pump section
- 1717th
- Förderraum des zweiten ArbeitspumpabschnittsDelivery chamber of the second working pump section
- 1818th
- Schieber des SteuerpumpabschnittsControl pump section slider
- 1919th
- Förderraum des SteuerpumpabschnittsDelivery chamber of the control pump section
- 2020
- SicherheitsventilSafety valve
- 2222
- ÜberdruckventilPressure relief valve
- 2424th
- AufnahmeteilRecording part
- 2626
- Motorengine
- 2727
- Kupplungcoupling
- 2828
- Einlassinlet
- 3030th
- AuslassOutlet
- 3232
- AußenseiteOutside
- 3434
- VerschlusselementClosure element
- 3636
- SpannelementClamping element
- 3838
- WiderlagerelementAbutment element
- 4040
- SpannschraubeClamping screw
- 4242
- VorsteuerleitungPilot line
- 4444
- AblassleitungDrain pipe
- 4646
- AblassschraubeDrain plug
- 4848
- VentilsitzValve seat
- 5050
- ÜberdruckleitungOverpressure line
- PP
- PumprichtungPump direction
Claims (13)
- A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10), in particular a rotary vane vacuum pump, comprising
a rotor (12);
at least one working pump section (14, 15) formed at the rotor (12) for conveying a working medium along a medium conveying path;
at least one control pump section (18, 19) formed at the rotor (12) for conveying a control fluid;
a safety valve (20) for temporarily closing the medium conveying path; and a pressure pilot control, operated by the control fluid, for the safety valve (20),
wherein a pressure relief valve (22) is provided for the pressure pilot control;
wherein the pressure pilot control comprises a pilot control line (42) leading from the control pump section (18, 19) to the safety valve (20) and a drain line (44) for draining the control fluid from the pressure pilot control; and wherein the drain line (44) has a cross-section which is reduced with respect to the pilot control line,
characterized in that
the reduced cross-section is defined by an opening in a drain plug (46) arranged in the drain line. - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that
the pressure relief valve (22) is integrated in a reception part (24) at which the rotor (12) is supported. - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that
the rotor (12) extends through the reception part (24). - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with claim 2 or claim 3,
characterized in that
a conveying space (19) of the control pump section is formed in the reception part (24). - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with any one of the claims 2 to 4,
characterized in that
the reception part (24) has a cylindrical basic shape whose central axis coincides with the axis of rotation of the rotor (12). - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
individual components (24, 36, 38) of the pressure relief valve (22) are arranged in cutouts which are formed in a reception part (24) which is at least partly associated with the pressure pilot control. - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the pressure relief valve (22) comprises a closure element (34) and a clamping element (36) for the closure element (34), with the clamping element (36) being supported at an abutment element (38). - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with claim 7, characterized in that
the abutment element (38) is a separate component which is fastened to a reception part (24) for the pressure relief valve (22). - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with claim 8, characterized in that
the abutment element (38) is acted on by a clamping screw (40) which is screwed into the reception part (24), with in particular a clamping axis of the clamping screw (40) acting on the abutment element (38) and a clamping axis of the clamping element (36) acting on the closure element (34) extending in parallel offset from one another. - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the drain plug (46) is screwed into a reception part (24) for the pressure pilot control. - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the pressure relief valve (22) limits the pressure in the pilot control line (42). - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a lubricating fluid of the pump is simultaneously provided as the control fluid for the pressure pilot control. - A rotary displacement vacuum pump (10) in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the pump is driven by an asynchronous motor, a synchronous motor and/or a BLDC motor.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15189996.0A EP3156653B1 (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2015-10-15 | Rotation displacement vacuum pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15189996.0A EP3156653B1 (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2015-10-15 | Rotation displacement vacuum pump |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3156653A1 EP3156653A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
EP3156653B1 true EP3156653B1 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
Family
ID=54330646
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15189996.0A Active EP3156653B1 (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2015-10-15 | Rotation displacement vacuum pump |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3156653B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1207829B (en) * | 1987-02-04 | 1989-06-01 | Galileo Spa Off | IMPROVEMENT IN THE LUBRICATION CIRCUIT OF ROTARY VACUUM PUMPS. |
US4776967A (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-10-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited | Lubricating oil composition |
KR950007519B1 (en) * | 1992-09-09 | 1995-07-11 | 김영수 | Rotary type vacuum pump |
KR20030000735A (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-06 | 김덕겸 | Vacuum pump apparatus having improved sealing structure |
JP4539205B2 (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2010-09-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Refrigerant compressor |
DE102006058837C5 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2022-05-05 | Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh | Lubricant sealed rotary vane vacuum pump |
KR101231090B1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-02-07 | 데이비드 김 | Rotary vane type vaccum pump |
-
2015
- 2015-10-15 EP EP15189996.0A patent/EP3156653B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
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EP3156653A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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