EP3136013B1 - Heat pump chilling system and control method therefor - Google Patents

Heat pump chilling system and control method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3136013B1
EP3136013B1 EP14890292.7A EP14890292A EP3136013B1 EP 3136013 B1 EP3136013 B1 EP 3136013B1 EP 14890292 A EP14890292 A EP 14890292A EP 3136013 B1 EP3136013 B1 EP 3136013B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
devices
heat pump
pump chilling
capacity
activated
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EP14890292.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3136013A1 (en
EP3136013A4 (en
Inventor
Tomohide OTA
Kimitaka KADOWAKI
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/001—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems in which the air treatment in the central station takes place by means of a heat-pump or by means of a reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
    • F24F2203/02—System or Device comprising a heat pump as a subsystem, e.g. combined with humidification/dehumidification, heating, natural energy or with hybrid system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat pump chilling systems equipped with a plurality of heat pump chilling devices and methods of controlling the heat pump chilling systems.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a connected water heater system that fills a bathtub with an accurate amount of hot water by using hot water supplied from a plurality of heat source devices (water heater devices).
  • Patent Literature 2 discloses a water heater system that preliminarily stores the number of devices to be operated depending on the time required for boiling water and the required amount of hot water in the form of a data table, and sequentially activates the heat source devices of the number of devices based on the data table while shifting the activation time by a predetermined time period.
  • JP2010/216684 discloses a hot water supply system.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the problems mentioned above, and an object thereof is to provide a heat pump chilling system and a method of controlling the heat pump chilling system in which a plurality of heat pump chilling devices of the number of devices that is neither too large nor too small for the requested capacity can be activated within a short period of time, regardless of the number of heat pump chilling devices.
  • a heat pump chilling system and a method of controlling a heat pump chilling system according to the present invention are set forth in claim 1 and in claim 10.
  • the number of devices with which the requested capacity is obtained is calculated based on the operating capacity of each of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices stored in the storage unit, and the heat pump chilling devices are simultaneously activated, so that the heat pump chilling devices of the number of devices that is neither too large nor too small can be activated within a short period of time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heat pump chilling system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • a heat pump chilling system 1 in Fig. 1 a plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are connected in parallel with a load 3 by using an inlet pipe 4 and an outlet pipe 5, and a heat medium, such as water and an antifreeze solution, serving as a medium for exchanging heat energy circulates between the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E and the load 3.
  • a heat medium such as water and an antifreeze solution
  • the load 3 is constituted of, for example, a load-side heat exchanger, and, for example, air-conditioning or supplying of hot water is performed by using the load-side heat exchanger.
  • the load 3 is described as being constituted of a load-side heat exchanger, the load 3 may alternatively be constituted of, for example, a hot-water tank or a cold-water tank, or may be constituted of a heat storage tank.
  • the inlet pipe 4 starts from the load 3 and branches off toward the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E and allows the heat medium to flow therethrough.
  • Pumps 6A to 6E are each attached to a corresponding one of sections of the inlet pipe 4 branching off toward the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E.
  • the outlet pipe 5 causes the heat medium that has exchanged heat in the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E to merge and flow toward the load 3. By driving the pumps 6A to 6E, the heat medium circulates between the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E and the load 3 via the inlet pipe 4 and the outlet pipe 5.
  • the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are constituted of, for example, heat-pump-type heat source devices and have, for example, identical configurations and the same operating capacities.
  • the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are each provided with a refrigeration cycle including a compressor 11, a heat-source-side heat exchanger 12, and a refrigerant pipe 13.
  • the compressor 11 compresses refrigerant to a high-temperature high-pressure state.
  • the heat-source-side heat exchanger 12 is constituted of, for example, a plate-type heat exchanger and causes the refrigerant flowing through the refrigeration cycle and the heat medium flowing in from the inlet pipe 4 to exchange heat with each other.
  • the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are individually provided with control devices 14 that control the operation of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E.
  • the control devices 14 are connected to one another via a communication network 15 to be capable of transferring, for example, control information to and from one another.
  • one representative device e.g., the heat pump chilling device 2A in Fig. 1
  • the system control device 20 controls the operation of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E via the communication network 15.
  • the system control device 20 is described as being provided in the heat pump chilling device 2A as an example, the system control device 20 may be installed as an independent device separate from the heat pump chilling device 2A.
  • the heat pump chilling system 1 includes an inlet temperature sensor 7 that detects the temperature of water, as an inlet temperature Ti, in the inlet pipe 4 immediately before the water is distributed to the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E, and also includes an outlet temperature sensor 8 that detects the temperature of water, as an outlet temperature To, in the outlet pipe 5 immediately after the water is merged from the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E.
  • the inlet temperature sensor 7 detects the temperature of the heat medium that is to flow into the load 3 as the inlet temperature Ti
  • the outlet temperature sensor 8 detects the temperature of the heat medium flowing out from the load 3 as the outlet temperature To.
  • the system control device 20 has a function of controlling the activation of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E based on the inlet temperature Ti and the outlet temperature To.
  • the system control device 20 performs control to activate the single heat pump chilling device 2A among the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E at the start of operation. Subsequently, if an operation capacity does not satisfy the requested capacity, the system control device 20 simultaneously activates the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E of a predetermined number to compensate for the deficiency for the requested capacity.
  • the heat pump chilling device 2A serving as the representative device is the single device to be activated at the start of operation
  • another one of the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E may be selected as the single device to be activated at the start of operation.
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the system control device in the heat pump chilling system in Fig. 1 .
  • the system control device 20 will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 .
  • the system control device 20 controls the operation of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E and particularly has a function of controlling the activation of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E.
  • the system control device 20 has a requested-capacity calculating unit 21, a target-temperature setting unit 22, an operating-capacity calculating unit 23, a storage unit 24, a number-of-devices calculating unit 25, and an activation control unit 26.
  • the requested-capacity calculating unit 21 calculates a requested capacity Tdg based on a target temperature Tref and the inlet temperature Ti. In detail, the requested-capacity calculating unit 21 calculates an absolute value of a difference between the target temperature Tref and the inlet temperature Ti as the requested capacity Tdg.
  • the target temperature Tref is set in the target-temperature setting unit 22.
  • the target-temperature setting unit 22 may acquire the target temperature Tref from an information input unit, such as a keyboard and a touchscreen, or may have the target temperature Tref stored in advance.
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 23 calculates an operating capacity indicating the capacity for heating or cooling the heat medium based on the inlet temperature Ti and the outlet temperature To and stores the operating capacity into the storage unit 24.
  • the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E have the same operating capacities Td, and the heat pump chilling device 2A activated alone at the start of operation is activated.
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 23 calculates the operating capacity Td of the heat pump chilling device 2A activated alone at the start of operation and stores the calculated operating capacity Td of the heat pump chilling device 2A as the operating capacity Td of each of the remaining heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E into the storage unit 24.
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 23 calculates an absolute value
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 23 stores the operating capacity Td of the heat pump chilling device 2A as the operating capacity of each of the remaining heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E into the storage unit 24.
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 calculates the number n of devices to be activated for obtaining the requested capacity Tdg calculated by the requested-capacity calculating unit 21.
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 calculates the number n of devices to be activated by using a ceiling function (Tdg/Td) in which the requested capacity (target temperature difference) Tdg is divided by the operating capacity (temperature difference) Td.
  • the number n of devices to be activated which is an output value of the ceiling function, is equal to 1.
  • the number n of devices to be activated is larger than or equal to 2. If the number n of devices to be activated exceeds a total number N of installed devices among the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E, the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 sets the total number of devices as the number n of devices to be activated.
  • the activation control unit 26 performs control to activate the single heat pump chilling device 2A alone at the start of operation or when the operation is resumed at the time of a power restoring process. Furthermore, the activation control unit 26 activates the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E of the number n of devices to be activated calculated in the number-of-devices calculating unit 25. In this case, the activation control unit 26 simultaneously activates the devices of the number (n - 1), excluding the single already-activated device, among the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E.
  • the activation control unit 26 does not activate the remaining heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E.
  • the activation control unit 26 performs control to simultaneously activate the devices of the number (n - 1) among the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E.
  • the order of priority in which the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E are to be activated may be preset in the activation control unit 26 or may be determined randomly.
  • control can be performed so that the operating capacity Td of the entire system is increased if the operating capacity Td is deficient for the requested capacity Tdg and that the operating capacity Td is decreased if the operating capacity Td exceeds the requested capacity Tdg.
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 subsequently makes an activation plan for determining the operating capacity of each of the plurality of remaining heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E, and when the plan is set, the activation control unit 26 commands the respective control devices 14 to perform activation via the communication network 15.
  • Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operational example at the time of activation in the heat pump chilling system 1.
  • the operational example of the heat pump chilling system 1 will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 .
  • any one e.g., the heat pump chilling device 2A
  • the heat pump chilling device 2A is activated with the maximum capacity under the control of the activation control unit 26 (step ST1).
  • the inlet temperature Ti detected in the inlet temperature sensor 7 and the outlet temperature To detected in the outlet temperature sensor 8 are acquired and are stored into the storage unit 24 (step ST2).
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 23 calculates an absolute value of a temperature difference given by the single heat pump chilling device 2A as the operating capacity Td. Then, this operating capacity Td is stored as the operating capacity Td of each of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E into the storage unit 24 (step ST3).
  • the temperature difference between the target temperature Tref and the inlet temperature Ti is calculated as the requested capacity Tdg in the requested-capacity calculating unit 21 and is stored into the storage unit 24 (step ST4).
  • the calculation of the operating capacity Td (step ST3) and the calculation of the requested capacity Tdg (step ST4) may be performed in no particular order and may be performed concurrently with each other.
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 reads the operating capacity Td and the requested capacity Tdg from the storage unit 24 and calculates the number n of heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E to be activated (step ST5).
  • the activation control unit 26 simultaneously activates the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E of the calculated number n of devices to be activated (step ST6).
  • Embodiment 1 since the devices of the calculated number n of heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E to be activated necessary for the requested capacity are simultaneously activated, activation can be performed within a short period of time in a fixed period even in a system in which the number of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is large, and the devices of the number n among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E that is neither too large nor too small for the requested capacity Tdg can be activated.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an example of an activation time in the heat pump chilling system in Figs. 1 and 2 .
  • activation of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E starts after an activation protection time period tw (e.g., about five minutes), which is a standby state of the compressor 11, for protecting the compressor 11.
  • tw activation protection time period
  • the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E start operating after a time period ts (e.g., about three minutes) required for the activation.
  • tw activation protection time period
  • ts e.g., about three minutes
  • the single heat pump chilling device 2A is activated alone at the start of operation, and then the remaining heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E are simultaneously activated.
  • the activation protection time period tw progresses concurrently with respect to all of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E.
  • start operating is a fixed time period (tw + 2ts) obtained by adding the time period (tw + ts) from the start of activation to the start of operation of the single heat pump chilling device 2A to the time period tw taken until the second device and onward start operating.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an example of an activation time in a heat pump chilling system in the related art.
  • an activation standby time period td (e.g., about two to three minutes) in which the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E wait for activation is set.
  • the time taken for activating the first device is also (ts + tw).
  • a time period of (ts + tw + (n - 1) ⁇ td) is required.
  • the larger the number of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E the longer it takes to activate the system for satisfying the requested capacity.
  • a plurality of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E for satisfying the requested capacity Tdg can be activated within a short period of time.
  • the number n of devices to be activated can be calculated based on the operating capacity Td in actual operation, the number n of devices to be activated satisfying the requested capacity Tdg can be calculated with high accuracy.
  • the locations where the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are installed and the connected load 3 vary.
  • the operating capacity Td of each of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is stored as a fixed value in the storage unit 24 at the time of shipment, the actual operating capacity Td may sometimes deviate from the operating capacity Td stored in the storage unit 24.
  • the operating capacity Td is stored in the storage unit 24 after the installation locations of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are set and the load 3 connected to the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is specified. Consequently, the operating capacity Td corresponding to the load 3 can be calculated with high accuracy.
  • Fig. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a system control device in a heat pump chilling system.
  • a system control device 120 in the heat pump chilling system will be described with reference to Fig. 6 .
  • the system control device 120 sections having configurations identical to those in the system control device 20 are given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the system control device 120 differs from the system control device 20 according to Embodiment 1 in that the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are simultaneously activated from the start of operation.
  • the storage unit 24 stores the operating capacity Td for each of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E. Similar to Embodiment 1, the operating capacities Td stored in the storage unit 24 are stored when, for example, the heat pump chilling device 2A is activated alone. Alternatively, the operating capacities Td may be stored in the storage unit 24 at the time of shipment.
  • a number-of-devices calculating unit 125 calculates the number n of devices to be simultaneously activated for obtaining the requested capacity Tdg calculated by the requested-capacity calculating unit 21 by using a ceiling function (Tdg/Td).
  • the calculated number n of devices to be activated is directly used as the number of devices to be simultaneously activated since not a single one of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is activated.
  • an activation control unit 126 performs control to simultaneously activate the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E of the number n of devices to be activated calculated in the number-of-devices calculating unit 125.
  • Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an operational example of the system control device in the heat pump chilling system in Fig. 6 .
  • the operational example of the system control device 120 will be described with reference to Figs. 6 and 7 .
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 reads the operating capacities (temperature differences) Td of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E stored in the storage unit 24 (step ST11).
  • the inlet temperature Ti is acquired from the inlet temperature sensor 7 and is stored into the storage unit 24 (step ST12).
  • the requested capacity Tdg is calculated from the target temperature Tref set in the target-temperature setting unit 22 and the acquired inlet temperature Ti and is stored into the storage unit 24 (step ST13).
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 125 calculates the number n of devices to be simultaneously activated based on the operating capacities Td of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E and the requested capacity Tdg (step ST14).
  • the devices of the number n among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are simultaneously activated by the activation control unit 126 (step ST15).
  • the number n of devices to be activated among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E required for the requested capacity Tdg is calculated based on the operating capacities Td stored in the storage unit 24 for the respective heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E, so that the devices of the number n to be activated can be simultaneously activated.
  • activation can be performed within a shorter period of time even in a heat pump chilling system in which the number of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is large, and the devices of the number among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E that is neither too large nor too small for the requested capacity Tdg can be activated, as in Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a system control device in a heat pump chilling system.
  • a system control device 220 in the heat pump chilling system will be described with reference to Fig. 8 .
  • the system control device 220 differs from the system control device 20 according to Embodiment 1 in that an operating-capacity calculating unit 223 learns the operating capacities of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E and stores the operating capacities into a storage unit 224.
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 223 in Fig. 8 calculates the operating capacity Td of the heat pump chilling device 2A activated alone at the start of operation and stores a value obtained by optimizing calculated results corresponding to the number of learning times as an optimized operating capacity Tds into the storage unit 224.
  • a value that specifies the number of learning times is preset in the operating-capacity calculating unit 223.
  • the number of learning times already experienced for each of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is stored in the storage unit 24.
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 calculates the number n of devices to be activated based on the optimized operating capacity Tds stored in the storage unit 224.
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 223 optimizes the operating capacity Tds stored in the storage unit 224.
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 223 calculates the operating capacity Td of the heat pump chilling device 2A activated alone at the start of operation and stores the operating capacity Td into the storage unit 24.
  • An average value of operating capacities Td corresponding to the number of learning times is stored in the storage unit 224. Optimization is performed by calculating an average value in which a newly calculated operating capacity Td is incorporated, and the optimized operating capacity Tds stored in the storage unit 224 is updated.
  • an activation control unit 226 performs control to simultaneously activate the devices of the number n that satisfy the requested capacity Tdg at the start of operation. If the number of learning times is smaller than or equal to the specified value, the activation control unit 226 activates the single heat pump chilling device 2A alone at the start of operation so that the operating capacity Td is learned. Subsequently, the activation control unit 226 performs control to simultaneously activate the devices of the number (n - 1) among the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E that satisfy the requested capacity Tdg.
  • Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an operational example of the system control device in the heat pump chilling system in Fig. 8 .
  • the operational example of the system control device 220 will be described with reference to Figs. 8 and 9 .
  • the operating-capacity calculating unit 223 reads the number of learning times from the storage unit 224 (step ST21), and it is determined whether or not the read number of learning times satisfies the specified value (step ST22). If the number of learning times is larger than or equal to the specified value, it is determined that the learning is already completed, and the optimized operating capacity Tds stored in the storage unit 224 is used as the operating capacity Td of each of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E (step ST23). Subsequently, the inlet temperature sensor 7 detects the inlet temperature Ti (step ST24).
  • step ST25 a new number of learning times obtained by adding 1 to the number of learning times is stored into the storage unit 24 (step ST25). Then, the activation control unit 226 activates the single heat pump chilling device 2A with the maximum operating capacity (step ST26).
  • the inlet temperature sensor 7 detects the inlet temperature Ti (step ST27). Subsequently, the absolute value of the temperature difference between the inlet temperature Ti and the outlet temperature To is calculated as an operating capacity Td, and an average value of operating capacities Td corresponding to the number of learning times is stored as the optimized operating capacity Tds into the storage unit 224 (step ST28).
  • the requested capacity Tdg is calculated in the requested-capacity calculating unit 21 (step ST29), and the number n of devices to be activated using the optimized operating capacity Tds is calculated in a number-of-devices calculating unit 225 (step ST30).
  • the activation control unit 226 determines whether or not the single heat pump chilling device 2A is already activated alone (step ST31). In other words, it is determined whether or not the operating capacity Tds has been learned.
  • the single heat pump chilling device 2A If the single heat pump chilling device 2A is already activated alone (if the operating capacity Tds has been learned), the devices of the number (n - 1) among the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E are activated (step ST32). If the single heat pump chilling device 2A is not activated alone (if the number of learning times is larger than or equal to the specified value), the devices of the number n among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are simultaneously activated (step ST33).
  • the operating capacity (temperature difference) Td of the single heat pump chilling device 2A operating with the maximum capacity is learned and is stored into the storage unit 24 so that the activation can be performed within the shortest activation time after the learning. Furthermore, since the optimized operating capacity Tds is stored in the storage unit 24, a difference from the actual operating capacity Td is small, whereby the number n of devices to be activated can be calculated with high accuracy. Moreover, the devices of the number n among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E that is neither too large nor too small for the requested capacity Tdg can be activated, as in Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a system control device in a heat pump chilling system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • a system control device 320 in the heat pump chilling system will be described with reference to Fig. 10 .
  • the system control device 320 according to Embodiment 4 differs from the system control device 20 according to Embodiment 1 in that the number ns of devices to be activated and the number nf of devices to be activated are calculated in consideration of the energy efficiency of each of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E.
  • the storage unit 24 in Fig. 10 preliminarily stores a capacity ratio A corresponding to the maximum energy efficiency, and a number-of-devices calculating unit 325 calculates the number ns of devices to be activated in consideration of the capacity ratio A.
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 325 calculates the number ns of devices to be activated in a case where all of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are activated at the capacity ratio A by using a ceiling function (Tdg/(Td ⁇ A)).
  • Tdg/(Td ⁇ A) Normally, the capacity ratio A corresponding to the maximum energy efficiency of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E often ranges between 60% and 90%.
  • the number ns of devices to be activated to be calculated tends to be large. If the calculated number ns of devices to be activated is larger than the total number N of installed devices, the number-of-devices calculating unit 325 calculates a combination of the number nf of devices to be activated among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E operating with the maximum operating capacity (i.e., a capacity ratio of 100%) and the number ns of devices to be activated among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E operating at the preset capacity ratio A, so that the requested capacity Tdg is satisfied.
  • the maximum operating capacity i.e., a capacity ratio of 100%
  • Fig. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an operational example of the heat pump chilling system in Fig. 10 .
  • the single heat pump chilling device 2A among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is activated with the maximum capacity of 100% (step ST41).
  • the inlet temperature Ti and the outlet temperature To immediately upon completion of the activation of the single heat pump chilling device 2A are detected and stored into the storage unit 24 (step ST42).
  • the operating capacity Td of the single heat pump chilling device 2A based on the inlet temperature Ti and the outlet temperature To is stored into the storage unit 24, and the operating capacities of the remaining heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E are similarly stored as the operating capacities Td into the storage unit 24 (step ST43).
  • the requested capacity (target temperature difference) Tdg is calculated by the requested-capacity calculating unit 21 based on the target temperature Tref set in the target-temperature setting unit 22 and the inlet temperature Ti and is stored into the storage unit 24 (step ST44).
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 325 calculates the number ns of devices to be activated in a case where all of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are activated at the capacity ratio A so that the required capacity is obtained (step ST45). Then, the number-of-devices calculating unit 325 determines whether or not the number n of devices to be activated at the calculated capacity ratio A is larger than the total number N of installed devices (step ST46).
  • the devices of the number (n - 1) among the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E, excluding the already-activated single device are activated at the capacity ratio A (step ST47).
  • the number ns of devices to be activated at the capacity ratio A exceeds the total number N of installed devices (ns > N)
  • the number nf of devices that have to be activated with the maximum capacity is calculated to compensate for the shortage amount even when all of the installed devices of the total number N are activated at the capacity ratio A (step ST48), and the number ns of devices to be activated at the capacity ratio A is recalculated (step ST49).
  • the devices of the number (nf - 1), excluding the already-activated single device, among the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E are activated with the maximum capacity, and the devices of the number of ns among the heat pump chilling devices 2B to 2E are activated at the capacity ratio A (step ST49).
  • activation of the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is controlled in consideration of the energy efficiency, so that the overall heat pump chilling system can be activated in an operational state with good energy efficiency. Furthermore, the devices of the number n among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E that is neither too large nor too small for the requested capacity Tdg can be activated within a short period of time, as in Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 11 corresponds to a case where the single heat pump chilling device 2A is activated alone at the start of operation
  • the number n of devices to be activated may be calculated in consideration of the aforementioned capacity ratio A even when the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E are to be simultaneously activated for the requested capacity Tdg.
  • the requested capacity stored in the storage unit 24 may be optimized.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to Embodiments described above.
  • the requested-capacity calculating unit 21 calculates an absolute value of a difference between the target temperature Tref and the inlet temperature Ti as the requested capacity Tdg
  • the requested-capacity calculating unit 21 may calculate an absolute value
  • the requested capacity Tdg being a positive value implies shortage, whereas a negative value implies that the requested capacity Tdg is satisfied.
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 is only required to calculate the number of devices that satisfy the shortage amount of the requested capacity Tdg. If a single device among the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E is not activated at the start of operation, operation similar to that in Embodiment 2 described above is performed since the inlet temperature Ti and the outlet temperature To are the same value.
  • the same operating capacities Td are stored in the storage unit 24 corresponding to the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E in Figs. 6 and 7 , the devices may have different operating capacities Td.
  • the number-of-devices calculating unit 25 may determine the number n of devices to be activated so that a combination of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E satisfying the requested capacity is achieved.
  • the activation control unit 26 may randomly set a heat pump chilling device to be activated alone at the start of operation from among the plurality of heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E. Moreover, each of the heat pump chilling devices 2A to 2E may be activated alone, and the operating capacity Td thereof may be calculated and stored into the storage unit 24.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
EP14890292.7A 2014-04-25 2014-04-25 Heat pump chilling system and control method therefor Active EP3136013B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/JP2014/061795 WO2015162798A1 (ja) 2014-04-25 2014-04-25 ヒートポンプチリングシステム及びその制御方法

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CN110719959B (zh) 2017-06-05 2021-08-06 贝克顿迪金森公司 针对单细胞的样品索引
JP7017406B2 (ja) * 2017-12-27 2022-02-08 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 制御装置、冷凍機システム、制御方法及びプログラム
JP2019168213A (ja) * 2018-08-08 2019-10-03 株式会社ヤマト ブラインチラー及び冷却システム
JP7179068B2 (ja) * 2018-08-17 2022-11-28 三菱電機株式会社 熱源システム
WO2020231725A1 (en) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-19 Carrier Corporation Online capacity estimation of a refrigeration unit
CN110285481A (zh) * 2019-07-02 2019-09-27 哈尔滨工业大学 基于室内热负荷的模块式电采暖控制***及控制方法
JP7151975B2 (ja) * 2020-04-09 2022-10-12 オリオン機械株式会社 制御装置および温度調整システム
CN113864973B (zh) * 2021-09-23 2022-08-05 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 集群化热泵机组控制方法、装置、***和空气调节设备
CN115900134B (zh) * 2022-11-16 2024-06-04 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 多热泵模块机组及其防冻控制方法

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JP3359104B2 (ja) * 1993-06-30 2002-12-24 株式会社ガスター 大能力給湯システムおよびその運転制御方法
JP3359103B2 (ja) * 1993-06-30 2002-12-24 株式会社ガスター 給湯システムの熱源ユニット
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EP3136013A1 (en) 2017-03-01
EP3136013A4 (en) 2017-12-27
JPWO2015162798A1 (ja) 2017-04-13
JP6261724B2 (ja) 2018-01-17
WO2015162798A1 (ja) 2015-10-29

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