EP3133898A2 - Thermo-management system infrared graphene basis - Google Patents
Thermo-management system infrared graphene basis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3133898A2 EP3133898A2 EP16002158.0A EP16002158A EP3133898A2 EP 3133898 A2 EP3133898 A2 EP 3133898A2 EP 16002158 A EP16002158 A EP 16002158A EP 3133898 A2 EP3133898 A2 EP 3133898A2
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- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- module
- different
- molecular
- mineral
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002064 nanoplatelet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009787 hand lay-up Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008821 health effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013324 preserved food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
- H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
- H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for heating a matrix (GM 20201550055279.7 v.24.7.2015) having a molecular intrinsic frequency. It can be used in all technical processes whose process is associated with a temperature change. In this case, the energy losses occurring in known devices and methods and the cost of materials can be reduced.
- the quartz heaters or other high-temperature systems with high energy requirements which are customarily used in many industrial installations can thus be replaced or supplemented.
- the invention is based on the classical laws of radiation of black bodies according to STEFAN / BOLTZMANN. According to this T 4 law, the radiated power is about 90% of the electrical energy supplied.
- the device according to the invention converts the supplied electrical energy into infrared temperature radiation.
- the emitted radiation corresponds in its spectral distribution entirely to the wavelength range from 7ym to 50ym, depending on the selected ohmic resistance and the respective application.
- the molecular intrinsic frequency of the materials used determines the efficiency of the device, which can be realized with relatively simple means. This applies in particular to processes for which high temperatures are required and whose energy consumption is relatively high.
- the device comprises a surface radiator delimited on both sides by silver-plated copper electrodes and to be executed in different dimensions and geometric patterns.
- the electrodes arranged on both sides parallel to one another are at a distance from each other which corresponds to the integer multiple of the wavelength radiated by the radiator. This leads to a nearly inertia-free heating of the conductive matrix, because only small voltage losses occur during the energy transport and the matrix is heated by the increased molecular self-oscillation.
- a centrally arranged third electrode can be applied to the radiator surface which is divided into two equal subareas and thereby To achieve changes in ohmic resistance and performance.
- Carriers of the electrically conductive matrix of graphene and other mineral carbon material are temperature-resistant mineral fiber plates or glass fiber fabric as well as other mineral or ceramic electrically insulating support materials.
- the unusual physical property of the matrix is a very high mobility of the charge carriers and their heat-conducting structure. The achievable high temperatures improve the quality of the treated products and materials, reduce their costs and save considerable energy. With infrared heat radiation, the thermal performance of entire product groups can be improved and cost-effectively improved.
- This baked or dried food has an incomparably better taste.
- the health-promoting effect of infrared radiation is particularly effective.
- the technology described here is based on the use of GNP materials. (Graphene Nano Platelets)
- This two-dimensional carbon material is the main constituent of the matrix. Thanks to their extremely high electrical conductivity, electrons can move about 200 times faster than in silicon, for example.
- the resulting temperatures of 400-500 ° C on defined surfaces of thermal radiation heaters with low energy input lead in many industries to a rethinking compared to conventional heating and heating systems.
- the EU and Korea invest in respective research projects 1.5 billion dollars. This shows the importance and value of the thermal management system described here.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Thermo-Management-System, das sich die extrem hohe elektrische Leitfähigkeit und die Wärmeleitfähigkeit dünner Schichten reinen Kohlenstoffs verbunden in einem hexagonalen Wabengitter zunutze macht. Die damit erzeugte Elektronenbeweglichkeit führt zu Werkstoffmodifikationen, die schnelle und effektive Erwärmung thermisch belastbarer Formkörper als Heizquelle auf vielen Gebieten in Industrie, Landwirtschaft, Agrartechnik ,Wellness und der Klimatisierung von Räumen ermöglicht. Durch die Senkung des Energieverbrauchs trägt das System wesentlich zur Klimavervesserung und den aktiven Umweltschutz bei.The invention relates to a thermal management system that makes use of the extremely high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of thin layers of pure carbon connected in a hexagonal honeycomb grid. The electron mobility thus produced leads to material modifications which enable rapid and effective heating of thermally loadable shaped bodies as a heating source in many fields in industry, agriculture, agricultural technology, wellness and the air conditioning of rooms. By reducing energy consumption, the system contributes significantly to climate improvement and active environmental protection.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Erwärmung einer Matrix (GM 20201550055279.7 v.24.7.2015) die eine molekulare Eigenfrequenz aufweist. Sie kann bei allen technischen Vorgängen, deren Prozeß mit einer Temperaturänderung verbunden ist, Anwendung finden. Dabei können die bei bekannten Vorrichtungen und Verfahren auftretenden Energieverluste und der Materialaufwand verringert werden. Die üblicherweise in vielen gewerblichen Anlagen verwendeten Quarzstrahler oder andere Hochtemperatursysteme mit hohem Energiebedarf können damit ersetzt oder ergänzt werden.The invention relates to a device and a method for heating a matrix (GM 20201550055279.7 v.24.7.2015) having a molecular intrinsic frequency. It can be used in all technical processes whose process is associated with a temperature change. In this case, the energy losses occurring in known devices and methods and the cost of materials can be reduced. The quartz heaters or other high-temperature systems with high energy requirements which are customarily used in many industrial installations can thus be replaced or supplemented.
Die Erfindung basiert auf den klassischen Gesetzen der Strahlung schwarzer Körper nach STEFAN/BOLTZMANN. Entsprechend diesem T4 Gesetz beträgt die abgestrahlte Leistung ca 90% der zugeführten elektrischen Energie. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wandelt die zugeführte elektrische Energie in infrarote Temperaturstrahlung um. Die emittierte Strahlung entspricht in ihrer spektralen Verteilung völlig dem Wellenlängenbereich von 7ym bis 50ym je nach gewähltem ohmschen Widerstand und dem jeweiligen Einsatzzweck.The invention is based on the classical laws of radiation of black bodies according to STEFAN / BOLTZMANN. According to this T 4 law, the radiated power is about 90% of the electrical energy supplied. The device according to the invention converts the supplied electrical energy into infrared temperature radiation. The emitted radiation corresponds in its spectral distribution entirely to the wavelength range from 7ym to 50ym, depending on the selected ohmic resistance and the respective application.
Die molekulare Eigenfrequenz der verwendeten Materialien bestimmt den Wirkungsgrad der Vorrichtung, der mit relativ einfachen Mitteln realisierbar ist. Dies betrifft insbesondere Prozesse, für deren Wirksamkeit hohe Temperaturen erforderlich sind und deren Energieverbrauch relativ hoch ist.
Die Vorrichtung umfasst einen, beidseitig durch versilberte Kupferelektroden begrenzten, in unterschiedlichen Dimensionen und geometrischen Mustern auszuführenden Flächenstrahler. Die beidseitig parallel zueinander angeordneten Elektroden befinden sich in einem Abstand zueinander der dem ganzzahligem Vielfachen der vom Strahler abgestrahlten Wellenlänge entspricht. Das führt zu einer nahezu trägheitslosen Erwärmung der leitenden Matrix, weil nur geringe Spannungsverluste beim Energietransport auftreten und die Matrix sich durchdurch die verstärkte molekulare Eigenschwingung erhitzt. Konstruktiv durch den Verwendungszweck bestimmt, kann eine mittig angeordnete dritte Elektrode auf die in zwei gleiche Teilflächen aufgeteilte Strahlerfläche aufgebracht werden um dadurch
Veränderungen im ohmschen Widerstand und der Leistung zu erzielen. Träger der elektrisch leitenden Matrix aus Graphenen und anderen mineralischen Kohlenstoff Material sind temperaturfeste Mineralfaserplatten oder Glasfasergewebe wie auch andere mineralische oder keramische elektrich isolierende Trägermaterialien. Die ungewöhnliche physikalische Eigenschaft der Matrix ist eine sehr hohe Mobilität der Ladungsträger und ihre wärmeleitende Struktur. Die erreichbaren hohen Temperaturen verbessern die Qualtät der behandelten Produkte und Materialien, senken deren Kosten und sparen erheblich Energie. Mit infraroter Wärmestrahlung kann die thermische Leistungsfähigkeit ganzer Produktgruppen verbessert und kostengünstig verbessert werden.The molecular intrinsic frequency of the materials used determines the efficiency of the device, which can be realized with relatively simple means. This applies in particular to processes for which high temperatures are required and whose energy consumption is relatively high.
The device comprises a surface radiator delimited on both sides by silver-plated copper electrodes and to be executed in different dimensions and geometric patterns. The electrodes arranged on both sides parallel to one another are at a distance from each other which corresponds to the integer multiple of the wavelength radiated by the radiator. This leads to a nearly inertia-free heating of the conductive matrix, because only small voltage losses occur during the energy transport and the matrix is heated by the increased molecular self-oscillation. Constructively determined by the intended use, a centrally arranged third electrode can be applied to the radiator surface which is divided into two equal subareas and thereby
To achieve changes in ohmic resistance and performance. Carriers of the electrically conductive matrix of graphene and other mineral carbon material are temperature-resistant mineral fiber plates or glass fiber fabric as well as other mineral or ceramic electrically insulating support materials. The unusual physical property of the matrix is a very high mobility of the charge carriers and their heat-conducting structure. The achievable high temperatures improve the quality of the treated products and materials, reduce their costs and save considerable energy. With infrared heat radiation, the thermal performance of entire product groups can be improved and cost-effectively improved.
Damit gebackene oder getrocknete Lebensmittel haben einen unvergleichlich besseren Geschmack. Bei der Anwendung im Agrar-oder Vetrinärbereich kommt die gesundheitsfördernde Wirkung der Infrarotstrahlung im Besonderen zur Geltung. Die hier beschriebene Technologie basiert auf dem Einsatz von GNP-Materialien. (Graphen Nano Platelets) Dieses zweidimensionale Kohlenstoffmaterial ist Hauptbestanteil der Matrix. Dank ihrer extrem hohen elektrischen Leitfähigkeit können sich Elektronen etwa 200 Mal schneller bewegen als z.B. in Silizium. Die dadurch erreichten Temperaturen von 400-500°C auf definierten Flächen von Temperaturstrahlungsheizungen bei geringen Energieeinsatz führen in vielen Industriesparten zu einem Umdenken gegenüber herkömmlichen Heiz-und Wärmesystemen.
Die EU und Korea investieren in entsprechende Forschungsprojekte jeweils
1.5 Milliarden Doller. Dies zeigt die Bedeutung und den Wert des hier beschriebenen Thermo-Management-Systems.This baked or dried food has an incomparably better taste. When used in the agricultural or veterinary sector, the health-promoting effect of infrared radiation is particularly effective. The technology described here is based on the use of GNP materials. (Graphene Nano Platelets) This two-dimensional carbon material is the main constituent of the matrix. Thanks to their extremely high electrical conductivity, electrons can move about 200 times faster than in silicon, for example. The resulting temperatures of 400-500 ° C on defined surfaces of thermal radiation heaters with low energy input lead in many industries to a rethinking compared to conventional heating and heating systems.
The EU and Korea invest in respective research projects
1.5 billion dollars. This shows the importance and value of the thermal management system described here.
Claims (5)
gekennzeichnet
durch ein Strahlungsmodul, mit dem eine elektromagnetische Strahlung in einer Frequenz abstrahlbar ist, die in der Größenordnung der molekularen Eigenfrequenz des für eine Erwärmung des in den Strahlungsbereich des Moduls einzubringenden Materials liegt, wobei das Modul flächig ausgebildet ist und von stromführenden Zuleitungen begrenzt wird, die parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und einen Abstand voneinander aufweisen, der einem ganzzahligen Vielfachen der vom StrahlungsModul emittierten Wellenlänge entspricht.
Träger der elektrisch leitenden Matrix, bestehend aus Graphen Nano Platelets, weiteren Kohlenstoffbestandteilen, mineralischen und keramischen Partikeln sowie speziellen Tensiden sind Glasfasergewebe in differenzierten Maschengrößen, andere temperaturfeste Materialien wie Glimmer, Keramik und spezielle Silikategläser in definierter Größenordnung je nach Verendungszweck.Apparatus for heating materials having a molecular intrinsic frequency
marked
by a radiation module, with which an electromagnetic radiation can be emitted at a frequency which is of the order of magnitude of the intrinsic molecular frequency of the material to be introduced into the radiation region of the module, the module being flat and being delimited by current-carrying leads are arranged parallel to each other and at a distance from one another, which corresponds to an integer multiple of the wavelength emitted by the radiation module.
Carriers of the electrically conductive matrix, consisting of Graphene Nano platelets, other carbon constituents, mineral and ceramic particles and special surfactants are glass fiber fabrics in differentiated mesh sizes, other temperature-resistant materials such as mica, ceramics and special silicate glasses in a defined order of magnitude depending on the purpose of use.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015013006.4A DE102015013006A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2015-10-07 | Thermal management system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3133898A2 true EP3133898A2 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
EP3133898A3 EP3133898A3 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
EP3133898B1 EP3133898B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
Family
ID=57389140
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16002158.0A Active EP3133898B1 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2016-10-06 | Thermo-management system infrared graphene basis |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3133898B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015013006A1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR201905018T4 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109348554A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-02-15 | 浙江云墨绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of electric heating film and preparation method thereof of nano ceramics graphene composite structure |
CN110809336A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-18 | 苏州苏绝电工材料股份有限公司 | Conductive film and preparation method thereof, and heatable mica plate and manufacturing method thereof |
CN113286386A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-20 | 广东温道百镒健康科技有限公司 | Mica high-temperature-resistant electrothermal film and preparation method thereof |
CN114630455A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-06-14 | 杭州量春科技有限公司 | Graphene heating film based on net structure and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111132395A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 陆建华 | Heating body with mica sheet and graphene coating and preparation process thereof |
CN111787650A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-16 | 上海利物盛企业集团有限公司 | Graphene heating fabric and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20100122980A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2010-05-20 | Tsinghua University | Carbon nanotube heater |
DE202009000136U1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2009-05-20 | Beier, Gerhard M., Dipl.-Ing. | Infrared CNT heater |
DE102009010437A1 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-09-02 | Tesa Se | Heated surface element |
DE202010009208U1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-09-16 | Futurecarbon Gmbh | Flexible heating element |
DE202010013516U1 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2010-12-09 | Gross, Wolfgang | De-icer for frost-fed objects |
DE102011008030A1 (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2012-07-05 | Werner Althaus | Surface for infrared wave radiating component that is utilized in heated room wall of building, has carbon layer comprising thread, fiber or small tube, and electrodes contacting with carbon layer for connection of electric power source |
DE102011086448A1 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-16 | Margarete Franziska Althaus | Method for producing a heating element |
WO2014205498A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Intelli Particle Pt Ltd | Electrothermic compositions |
DE102014012687A1 (en) * | 2014-08-23 | 2015-04-30 | Nano Therm Systems GmbH | Universal CNT / PTC heating module |
-
2015
- 2015-10-07 DE DE102015013006.4A patent/DE102015013006A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-10-06 TR TR2019/05018T patent/TR201905018T4/en unknown
- 2016-10-06 EP EP16002158.0A patent/EP3133898B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109348554A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-02-15 | 浙江云墨绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of electric heating film and preparation method thereof of nano ceramics graphene composite structure |
CN110809336A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-18 | 苏州苏绝电工材料股份有限公司 | Conductive film and preparation method thereof, and heatable mica plate and manufacturing method thereof |
CN113286386A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-20 | 广东温道百镒健康科技有限公司 | Mica high-temperature-resistant electrothermal film and preparation method thereof |
CN113286386B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2024-01-16 | 广东温道百镒健康科技有限公司 | Mica high-temperature-resistant electrothermal film and preparation method thereof |
CN114630455A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-06-14 | 杭州量春科技有限公司 | Graphene heating film based on net structure and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3133898A3 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
TR201905018T4 (en) | 2019-05-21 |
DE102015013006A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
EP3133898B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
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