EP3109017B1 - Deep draw packaging machine with film stamp - Google Patents

Deep draw packaging machine with film stamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3109017B1
EP3109017B1 EP16172562.7A EP16172562A EP3109017B1 EP 3109017 B1 EP3109017 B1 EP 3109017B1 EP 16172562 A EP16172562 A EP 16172562A EP 3109017 B1 EP3109017 B1 EP 3109017B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
packaging machine
controller
measuring unit
force
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16172562.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3109017A1 (en
Inventor
Elmar Ehrmann
Robert Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
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Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/04—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages
    • B65B61/06—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages by cutting
    • B65B61/065—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages by cutting by punching out
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/005—Computer numerical control means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B26D5/086—Electric, magnetic, piezoelectric, electro-magnetic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B26D5/18—Toggle-link means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/02—Perforating by punching, e.g. with relatively-reciprocating punch and bed
    • B26F1/14—Punching tools; Punching dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/40—Cutting-out; Stamping-out using a press, e.g. of the ram type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B47/00—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B65/00—Details peculiar to packaging machines and not otherwise provided for; Arrangements of such details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
    • B26F2001/4463—Methods and devices for rule setting, fixation, preparing cutting dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/162—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by feeding web material to securing means
    • B65B7/164—Securing by heat-sealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/28—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers
    • B65B7/2842—Securing closures on containers
    • B65B7/2885—Securing closures on containers by heat-shrinking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/02—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs
    • B65B9/04—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs one or both webs being formed with pockets for the reception of the articles, or of the quantities of material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermoforming packaging machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method having the features of claim 6.
  • a foil punch which is suitable to cut plastic films by means of a knife and a counter knife.
  • a linear actuator is provided with a linear actuator; and by means of an articulated lever arrangement in conjunction with a stretch lever arrangement, which together comprise a plurality of mechanical levers, it is achieved that effective forces can rapidly increase for cutting the film and the flattening of the forces at the end of the punching stroke.
  • the advantage here is that the film punch is to be suitable to be able to cut different thicknesses of films reliably, without the need for complicated adjustment of the knife are necessary.
  • a foil punch type FS 08 from the house of the applicant (see Fig. 1 ), which has a pneumatic cylinder as a hoist drive and cuts through a film web by means of crushing knife and counter-pressure bar.
  • the counter-pressure bar is designed with a fine adjustment to the back pressure bar to the final position with an accuracy of at least 0.02 mm of the crusher blade.
  • the cutting edge of the crimping knife becomes duller and the counterpressure strip or the crimping knife should be readjusted in order to ensure reliable and qualitatively good cutting of the film.
  • the crushing knife and possibly also the counter-pressure bar are often replaced in format changes and then the counter-pressure bar or the crusher must be readjusted. This is carried out in a first test phase while the thermoforming packaging machine is running and requires a certain amount of effort until the cut or the severing of the film is precisely set.
  • the loading of the crimping knife by the contact with the counter-pressure bar during each cutting or squeezing operation can be very high, as in a time-force diagram according to FIG Fig. 2 shown.
  • pressure measuring sensors in the area of the fine adjustment device were provided in an experimental arrangement in order to detect the load on the counter pressure bar or the crush meter.
  • the diagram shows that after the cutting of the film at time t 2, the force continues to rise, as the pneumatic cylinder with its executable by the applied pressure force presses the crimping knife and the counter-pressure bar against each other.
  • This force F1 is in this case shown by way of example more than twice as high as necessary for the separation process.
  • a fundamental reduction in the compressed air supply of the pneumatic cylinder is not desirable, as with a halving of the pressure, for example, is accompanied by a reduction in the speed of the lifting drive and this reduces the cycle performance of the film punch.
  • the reduced speed at which the crimping knife strikes the film has a negative impact on the quality of cut when the film is cut.
  • Object of the present invention is to improve a thermoforming packaging machine with a foil punch in terms of extending the life of the tools and to facilitate the adjustment of the tools to each other when changing the tools.
  • thermoforming packaging machine with the features of claim 1 or by a method for operating such a thermoforming packaging machine with the features of claim 6.
  • the thermoforming packaging machine comprises a control and a foil punch, which has a lever mechanism, an upper tool part and a lower tool part, wherein at least the upper tool part or the lower tool part are movable by means of the lever mechanism so as to approximate the upper tool part and the lower tool part.
  • the thermoforming packaging machine according to the invention is characterized in that the film die has a servo drive and a measuring unit is provided which is configured to detect the contact between the tool top and the tool bottom. Taking into account this contact position of the movable tool, for example by a calibration process, the for the punching process most suitable end position or end position of the movable tool and thus the position of both tools to each other determined in the controller and approached or positioned in the subsequent punching operations. Due to the exact end position of the movable tool, there is no unnecessarily higher force or load on the crusher.
  • the controller is connected to the measuring unit and the position of the upper tool part and the lower tool part in the working position can be calculated by means of the controller.
  • This supports a fully automated calibration mode.
  • it is optionally also provided to perform the lower position or the open tool position changeable by the operator and to be able to store in programs to reduce unnecessary lifting movements, for example, at low packing depths.
  • the measuring unit is a controller of the servo drive, so that based on a current consumption over time, namely during the calibration movement of the movable tool, the working position can be detected and evaluated. Because at the point where the tools come into contact, the power consumption increases sharply and it can have more characteristic features.
  • the measuring unit is a pressure measuring sensor or a structure-borne sound or vibration measuring sensor in order to detect the pressure force between the upper tool part and the lower tool part.
  • the structure-borne sound or vibration measurement sensor are preferably suitable for detecting the meeting of the two tools by the sudden impact and for detecting the vibration generated thereby.
  • the servo drive comprises a servomotor with regulator and a spindle, preferably a ball screw, in order to position the movable tool at high speed with high accuracy at the same time.
  • a method according to the invention for determining the working position, in particular of the lower die part of the foil punch, is characterized in that the lower tool part and the upper die part are approximated and the contact of the tools is determined by means of an evaluation of data of the measuring unit by means of the control.
  • the measuring unit is a controller for a servomotor of the servo drive and based on the current consumption of the servo motor, the force profile of the force acting on the movable tool is detected.
  • a suitable position namely an end position, can be determined automatically in the controller.
  • the measuring unit is a pressure measuring sensor and there is a force measurement on a tool.
  • the controller calculates an end position for the movable tool, so that during punching no (substantially) higher than the forces necessary for the punching process are generated to extend the life of the tools.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a sectional view of a foil punch 1 according to the prior art with a lever mechanism 2 in order to move a tool lower part 3 vertically upward can.
  • a drive for the lever mechanism 2 is a pneumatic cylinder 4.
  • the lever mechanism 2 transmits the movement of a piston of the pneumatic cylinder 4 on the lower tool part 3.
  • the design of the lever mechanism 2, the stroke and the force of the lower tool part 3 are fixed.
  • the lower tool part 3 is in Fig. 1 shown in its maximum upper position. In this case, a counter-pressure bar 6 of the lower tool part 3 is in contact with a knife 7a of a tool upper part 7.
  • the foil punch 1 setting wheels 8 In order to adjust the compressive force exerted by the counter-pressure bar 6 on the knife 7a, the foil punch 1 setting wheels 8 to the knife 7a with a Accuracy of a few 1/100 millimeters in height and thus to be able to adjust relative to the counter-pressure bar 6 of the tool part 3. Due to the constant contact of the knife 7a on the back pressure bar 6 after cutting through a film, the cutting edge of the blade 7a blunts and the blade 7a has to be adjusted downwards in order to be able to maintain a good punching or cutting result. Incorrect settings can greatly affect the lifetime of the Messer 7a and counterpressure 6 bar.
  • Fig. 2 is the force curve of the pressure force F, which is exerted by the counter-pressure bar 6 on the knife 7a, using a time-force diagram in a solid line on the example of the foil punch 1 from Fig. 1 shown.
  • the lower tool part 3 is in the lower basic position, in which the pneumatic cylinder 4 is fully retracted.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 4 is then pressurized and moves the lower tool part 3 up to the film to be separated.
  • the counter-pressure strip 6 of the lower tool part 3 strikes the foil and presses it with a force F1 against the knife 7a.
  • t2 represents the moment of penetration or penetration and thus the cutting through of the film.
  • the knife 7a is in contact with the counter-pressure strip 6 and the force F rises to a maximum value F2 which is generated by the pneumatic cylinder 4 and its compressed air supply and is also influenced by the upper end position of the pneumatic cylinder.
  • F2 a maximum value generated by the pneumatic cylinder 4 and its compressed air supply and is also influenced by the upper end position of the pneumatic cylinder.
  • the punching process is completed and the pressure of the pneumatic cylinder 4 is eliminated and thus also decreases the pressure force F to t4. From the time t4, the lower tool part 3 and the counter-pressure bar 6 away from the knife 7a and moves back to the normal position.
  • the force F1 required to separate the film is less than half the maximum force F2 with which the counterpressure strip 6 still acts on the knife 7a after the separation process.
  • the force curve according to the invention as a dash-dot line L is located. How this force curve is achieved will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of a thermoforming packaging machine 10 according to the invention.
  • the thermoforming packaging machine 10 has a forming station 11, a sealing station 12, a cross-cutting device in the form of a film punch 1 and a longitudinal cutting device 13, which are arranged in this order in a production direction R on a machine frame 14.
  • a feed roller 15 from which a film web 16 is withdrawn.
  • a material reservoir 17 is provided, from which a cover film 18 is pulled off.
  • a discharge device 19 in the form of a conveyor belt is provided on the thermoforming packaging machine 10, with which finished, individualized packages 20 are transported away.
  • the thermoforming packaging machine 10 has a feed device which grips the film web 16 and transports it further per main working cycle in the production direction R.
  • the feed device can be designed, for example, by clamp chains arranged on both sides.
  • the forming station 11 is formed as a thermoforming station in which troughs 21 are formed into the film web 16 by deep drawing.
  • the forming station 11 may be formed such that in the direction perpendicular to the production direction R a plurality of wells 21 are formed side by side.
  • an insertion path 22 is provided in which the troughs 21 formed in the film web 16 are filled with products 23.
  • the cross-cutting device 1 is formed as a film punch, which cuts through the film web 16 and the cover film 18 in a direction transverse to the direction of production R between adjacent wells 21.
  • the film lance 1 works in such a way that the film web 16 is not separated over the entire width, but is not severed at least in an edge region. This allows a controlled onward transport by the feed device.
  • the longitudinal cutting device 13 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a knife assembly with a plurality of rotating circular blades, with which the film web 16 and the cover sheet 18 between adjacent troughs 21 and at the lateral edge of the film web 16 are severed, so that behind the longitudinal cutting device 13 individualized packages 20 are present.
  • thermoforming packaging machine 10 also has a controller 26. It has the task to control the running in the thermoforming packaging machine 10 processes and monitor.
  • a display device 27 with controls 28 serves to visualize or influence the process flows in the thermoforming packaging machine 10 for or by an operator.
  • Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of the film punch 1 according to the invention in the production direction R in a basic position, in which the lower tool part 3 is in its lower position.
  • a servo motor 29 is provided which transmits the torque via a belt drive 30 to a spindle 31, preferably a ball screw, and thus converts the motor rotation into a linear movement.
  • the spindle 31 lifts a carriage 32, which is guided on a vertical guide 33 at.
  • a servo linear drive is also conceivable instead of the servomotor 29, the belt drive 30 and the spindle 31.
  • the servomotor 29 with belt drive 30 and spindle 31 is referred to as a servo drive 50.
  • the servo drive 50 also includes a controller 51 for the servo motor 29, wherein the controller 51 is connected to the controller 26.
  • the controller 51 is connected to the controller 26.
  • a gear transmission may be provided.
  • the servo drive 50 further includes an incremental encoder or an absolute encoder on the spindle 31, preferably for detecting the linear movement of the spindle 31st
  • Fig. 6 further shows the controller 51 for the servo motor 29, wherein the controller 51 is connected to the controller 26.
  • the controller 51 detects the motor current of the servomotor 29 and passes this information to the controller 26 on.
  • the motor current is approximately proportional to the compressive force F, which in Fig. 2 shown in the diagram.
  • the pressure force can also be detected via at least one pressure sensor 42 as a measuring unit, which is arranged in the force flow of the lever mechanism 2, the upper tool part 7 and the lower tool part 3, for example as in Fig. 6 shown between the lower end of a holder 43 for the upper tool part 7 and a receiving part 44 of the frame 39 for the holder 43. It can also be two pressure sensors 42 symmetrically right and left provided on the holders 43.
  • a vibration sensor 45 or structure-borne sound sensor can be provided on the tool upper part 7 in order to detect the contact or impact of the lower tool part 3 or the counterpressure rail 6 on the upper tool part 7 or of the knife 7a.
  • the movement speed can be lower and thus gentler than during the other production process.
  • no film web 16 is present in this process, so that the lower tool part 3 can be moved without executing a cutting force on the upper tool part 7.
  • the controller 26 determines based on the determined data of the measuring unit 41, 42 or 45, the end or contact position as a working position of the lower tool part 3 and the carriage 32, which corresponds to a specific position of the servo motor 29 and the spindle 31.
  • the controller 26 positions the tool base 3 for the punching process in the working position, but not further.
  • the spindle 31 may optionally (see Fig. 6 ) have a housing 60 with a degree of protection IP 65, in which case preferably a pressure compensation device 61 may be provided in the form of a lead out into the environment line.
  • a pressure compensation device 61 may be provided in the form of a lead out into the environment line.
  • the servo drive 50 may have a connecting rod drive.
  • the knife 7a may be provided on the tool lower part 3 and the counter-pressure strip 6 on the tool upper part 7.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out regularly, e.g. weekly, daily or at every machine start.
  • the foil punch 1 is then always set optional, regardless of any wear of the blade 7a. In this way, the cutting tools of the foil punch must be manually readjusted or replaced much less frequently than in the prior art, which considerably improves the operation of the foil punch 1 and the entire packaging machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie auf ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 6.The invention relates to a thermoforming packaging machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method having the features of claim 6.

Aus der DE 198 41 415 A1 ist eine Folienstanze bekannt, die geeignet ist, Kunststofffolien mittels eines Messers und eines Gegenmessers zu schneiden. Dabei ist ein Hubantrieb mit einem Linearmotor vorgesehen; und mittels einer Knickhebelanordnung in Verbindung mit einer Streckhebelanordnung, die zusammen eine Vielzahl von mechanischen Hebeln umfassen, wird erreicht, dass zum Schneiden der Folie wirksame Kräfte schnell ansteigen können und am Ende des Stanzhubs der Anstieg der Kräfte hin abflacht. Vorteilhaft dabei ist, dass die Folienstanze dazu geeignet sein soll, unterschiedliche Dicken von Folien zuverlässig schneiden zu können, ohne dass aufwendige Einstellarbeiten der Messer notwendig sind.From the DE 198 41 415 A1 is known a foil punch, which is suitable to cut plastic films by means of a knife and a counter knife. In this case, a linear actuator is provided with a linear actuator; and by means of an articulated lever arrangement in conjunction with a stretch lever arrangement, which together comprise a plurality of mechanical levers, it is achieved that effective forces can rapidly increase for cutting the film and the flattening of the forces at the end of the punching stroke. The advantage here is that the film punch is to be suitable to be able to cut different thicknesses of films reliably, without the need for complicated adjustment of the knife are necessary.

Aus dem Stand der Technik ist eine Folienstanze Typ FS 08 aus dem Hause der Anmelderin (siehe Fig. 1) bekannt, die einen Pneumatikzylinder als Hubwerksantrieb aufweist und eine Folienbahn mittels Quetschmesser und Gegendruckleiste durchtrennt. Um die Belastung bzw. die Abnutzung der Quetschmesser beim Kontakt mit der Gegendruckleiste möglichst gering zu halten, aber zugleich auch dicke Folien durchtrennen zu können, ist die Gegendruckleiste mit einer Feineinstellvorrichtung ausgeführt, um mit einer Genauigkeit von wenigstens 0,02 mm die Gegendruckleiste zur Endlage des Quetschmessers einzustellen.From the prior art is a foil punch type FS 08 from the house of the applicant (see Fig. 1 ), which has a pneumatic cylinder as a hoist drive and cuts through a film web by means of crushing knife and counter-pressure bar. In order to keep the load or the wear of the crushing knives as low as possible when in contact with the counter-pressure strip, but at the same time be able to cut through thick films, the counter-pressure bar is designed with a fine adjustment to the back pressure bar to the final position with an accuracy of at least 0.02 mm of the crusher blade.

Mit zunehmender Laufzeit wird die Schneide des Quetschmessers stumpfer und die Gegendruckleiste oder das Quetschmesser sollten nachjustiert werden, um das sichere und qualitativ gute Durchtrennen der Folie weiterhin prozesssicher zu gewährleisten. Beim Einsatz einer solchen Folienstanze auf Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine werden die Quetschmesser und evtl. auch die Gegendruckleiste bei Formatwechseln oftmals ausgetauscht und anschließend muss die Gegendruckleiste bzw. das Quetschmesser neu einjustiert werden. Dies wird in einer ersten Testphase bei laufender Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine durchgeführt und erfordert einen gewissen Aufwand, bis der Schnitt bzw. das Durchtrennen der Folie exakt eingestellt ist.As the running time increases, the cutting edge of the crimping knife becomes duller and the counterpressure strip or the crimping knife should be readjusted in order to ensure reliable and qualitatively good cutting of the film. When using such a foil punch on thermoforming packaging machine, the crushing knife and possibly also the counter-pressure bar are often replaced in format changes and then the counter-pressure bar or the crusher must be readjusted. This is carried out in a first test phase while the thermoforming packaging machine is running and requires a certain amount of effort until the cut or the severing of the film is precisely set.

Die Belastung des Quetschmessers durch den Kontakt mit der Gegendruckleiste bei jedem Schneid- bzw. Quetschvorgang kann sehr hoch sein, wie in einem Zeit-Kraft-Diagramm gemäß Fig. 2 dargestellt. Um dieses Diagramm derart erstellen zu können, wurden in einer Versuchsanordnung Druckmesssensoren im Bereich der Feineinstelleinrichtung vorgesehen, um die Belastung auf die Gegendruckleiste bzw. das Quetschmesser zu erfassen. Das Diagramm zeigt, dass nach dem Durchtrennen der Folie zum Zeitpunkt t2 die Kraft weiter ansteigt, da der Pneumatikzylinder mit seiner durch den anliegenden Druck ausführbaren Kraft das Quetschmesser und die Gegendruckleiste gegeneinander drückt. Diese Kraft F1 ist in diesem beispielhaft gezeigten Fall mehr als doppelt so hoch wie für den Trennvorgang notwendig. Eine grundsätzliche Reduzierung der Druckluftversorgung des Pneumatikzylinders ist aber nicht erwünscht, da mit beispielsweise einer Halbierung des Drucks auch eine Reduzierung der Geschwindigkeit des Hubantriebs einher geht und dies die Taktleistung der Folienstanze reduziert. Gleichzeitig hat die reduzierte Geschwindigkeit, mit der das Quetschmesser auf die Folie trifft, einen negativen Einfluss auf die Schnittqualität beim Durchtrennen der Folie.The loading of the crimping knife by the contact with the counter-pressure bar during each cutting or squeezing operation can be very high, as in a time-force diagram according to FIG Fig. 2 shown. In order to be able to produce this diagram in such a way, pressure measuring sensors in the area of the fine adjustment device were provided in an experimental arrangement in order to detect the load on the counter pressure bar or the crush meter. The diagram shows that after the cutting of the film at time t 2, the force continues to rise, as the pneumatic cylinder with its executable by the applied pressure force presses the crimping knife and the counter-pressure bar against each other. This force F1 is in this case shown by way of example more than twice as high as necessary for the separation process. However, a fundamental reduction in the compressed air supply of the pneumatic cylinder is not desirable, as with a halving of the pressure, for example, is accompanied by a reduction in the speed of the lifting drive and this reduces the cycle performance of the film punch. At the same time, the reduced speed at which the crimping knife strikes the film has a negative impact on the quality of cut when the film is cut.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine mit einer Folienstanze im Hinblick darauf zu verbessern, die Lebensdauer der Werkzeuge zu verlängern und bei einem Wechsel der Werkzeuge die Einstellung der Werkzeuge zueinander zu erleichtern.Object of the present invention is to improve a thermoforming packaging machine with a foil punch in terms of extending the life of the tools and to facilitate the adjustment of the tools to each other when changing the tools.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 bzw. durch ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 6. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a thermoforming packaging machine with the features of claim 1 or by a method for operating such a thermoforming packaging machine with the features of claim 6. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine umfasst eine Steuerung und eine Folienstanze, die eine Hebelmechanik, ein Werkzeugoberteil und ein Werkzeugunterteil aufweist, wobei wenigstens das Werkzeugoberteil oder das Werkzeugunterteil mittels der Hebelmechanik derart bewegbar sind, um das Werkzeugoberteil und das Werkzeugunterteil einander anzunähern. Die erfindungsgemäße Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Folienstanze einen Servoantrieb aufweist und eine Messeinheit vorgesehen ist, die dazu konfiguriert ist, den Kontakt zwischen dem Werkzeugoberteil und dem Werkzeugunterteil zu erfassen. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser Kontaktposition des bewegbaren Werkzeugs, beispielsweise durch einen Kalibriervorgang, kann die für den Stanzvorgang am besten geeignete Endlage bzw. Endposition des bewegbaren Werkzeugs und damit die Lage beider Werkzeuge zueinander in der Steuerung ermittelt und bei den nachfolgenden Stanzvorgängen angefahren bzw. positioniert werden. Durch die exakte Endposition des bewegbaren Werkzeugs kommt es zu keiner unnötig höheren Kraft bzw. Belastung mehr auf das Quetschmesser.The thermoforming packaging machine according to the invention comprises a control and a foil punch, which has a lever mechanism, an upper tool part and a lower tool part, wherein at least the upper tool part or the lower tool part are movable by means of the lever mechanism so as to approximate the upper tool part and the lower tool part. The thermoforming packaging machine according to the invention is characterized in that the film die has a servo drive and a measuring unit is provided which is configured to detect the contact between the tool top and the tool bottom. Taking into account this contact position of the movable tool, for example by a calibration process, the for the punching process most suitable end position or end position of the movable tool and thus the position of both tools to each other determined in the controller and approached or positioned in the subsequent punching operations. Due to the exact end position of the movable tool, there is no unnecessarily higher force or load on the crusher.

Vorzugsweise ist die Steuerung mit der Messeinheit verbunden und die Position des Werkzeugoberteils und des Werkzeugunterteils in der Arbeitsposition ist mittels der Steuerung berechenbar. Dies unterstützt einen voll automatisiert ablaufenden Kalibriermodus. Zusätzlich ist es optional auch vorgesehen, die untere Position bzw. die geöffnete Werkzeugstellung durch den Bediener änderbar auszuführen und auch in Programmen abspeichern zu können, um unnötige Hubbewegungen beispielweise bei geringen Packungstiefen zu reduzieren.Preferably, the controller is connected to the measuring unit and the position of the upper tool part and the lower tool part in the working position can be calculated by means of the controller. This supports a fully automated calibration mode. In addition, it is optionally also provided to perform the lower position or the open tool position changeable by the operator and to be able to store in programs to reduce unnecessary lifting movements, for example, at low packing depths.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung ist die Messeinheit ein Regler des Servoantriebs, so dass anhand einer Stromaufnahme über die Zeit, nämlich während der Kalibrierbewegung des bewegbaren Werkzeugs, die Arbeitsposition erfassbar und auswertbar ist. Denn an der Stelle, an der die Werkzeuge in Kontakt kommen, steigt die Stromaufnahme stark an und kann sie weitere charakteristische Merkmale aufweisen.In an advantageous embodiment, the measuring unit is a controller of the servo drive, so that based on a current consumption over time, namely during the calibration movement of the movable tool, the working position can be detected and evaluated. Because at the point where the tools come into contact, the power consumption increases sharply and it can have more characteristic features.

Alternativ ist die Messeinheit ein Druckmesssensor oder ein Körperschall- bzw. Schwingungsmesssensor, um die Druckkraft zwischen dem Werkzeugoberteil und dem Werkzeugunterteil zu erfassen. Der Körperschall- bzw. der Schwingungsmesssensor eignen sich bevorzugt zum Erfassen des Aufeinandertreffens der zwei Werkzeuge durch den plötzlich auftretenden Schlag und zum Erfassen der dabei erzeugten Schwingung.Alternatively, the measuring unit is a pressure measuring sensor or a structure-borne sound or vibration measuring sensor in order to detect the pressure force between the upper tool part and the lower tool part. The structure-borne sound or vibration measurement sensor are preferably suitable for detecting the meeting of the two tools by the sudden impact and for detecting the vibration generated thereby.

Bevorzugt umfasst der Servoantrieb einen Servomotor mit Regler und eine Spindel, vorzugsweise eine Kugelumlaufspindel, um mit hoher Geschwindigkeit bei gleichzeitig hoher Genauigkeit das bewegbare Werkzeug zu positionieren.Preferably, the servo drive comprises a servomotor with regulator and a spindle, preferably a ball screw, in order to position the movable tool at high speed with high accuracy at the same time.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Ermitteln der Arbeitsposition insbesondere des Werkzeugunterteils der Folienstanze zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Werkzeugunterteil und das Werkzeugoberteil aneinander angenähert werden und der Kontakt der Werkzeuge miteinander anhand einer Auswertung von Daten der Messeinheit mittels der Steuerung ermittelt wird.A method according to the invention for determining the working position, in particular of the lower die part of the foil punch, is characterized in that the lower tool part and the upper die part are approximated and the contact of the tools is determined by means of an evaluation of data of the measuring unit by means of the control.

Vorzugsweise ist die Messeinheit ein Regler für einen Servomotor des Servoantriebs und anhand der Stromaufnahme des Servomotors wird der Kraftverlauf der auf das bewegbare Werkzeug wirkenden Kraft erfasst. Somit kann anhand des Stromverlaufs über die Zeit mit gleichzeitiger Erfassung der Lage der Werkzeuge zueinander eine geeignete Position, nämlich eine Endposition, automatisiert in der Steuerung ermittelt werden.Preferably, the measuring unit is a controller for a servomotor of the servo drive and based on the current consumption of the servo motor, the force profile of the force acting on the movable tool is detected. Thus, based on the current profile over time with simultaneous detection of the position of the tools to one another, a suitable position, namely an end position, can be determined automatically in the controller.

Alternativ ist die Messeinheit ein Druckmesssensor und es erfolgt eine Kraftmessung an einem Werkzeug.Alternatively, the measuring unit is a pressure measuring sensor and there is a force measurement on a tool.

Bevorzugt berechnet die Steuerung eine Endposition für das bewegbare Werkzeug, so dass beim Stanzvorgang keine (wesentlich) höheren als die für den Stanzvorgang notwendigen Kräfte erzeugt werden, um die Lebensdauer der Werkzeuge zu verlängern.Preferably, the controller calculates an end position for the movable tool, so that during punching no (substantially) higher than the forces necessary for the punching process are generated to extend the life of the tools.

Im Folgenden wird ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine und des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im Einzelnen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Schnittansicht einer Folienstanze gemäß dem Stand der Technik,
Fig. 2
ein Zeit-Kraft-Diagramm der herkömmlichen und einer erfindungsgemäßen Folienstanze,
Fig. 3
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine,
Fig. 4
eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Folienstanze in Produktionsrichtung in einer Grundstellung,
Fig. 5
eine Schnittansicht der Folienstanze in einer teilgeschlossenen Stellung und
Fig. 6
eine Schnittansicht der Folienstanze in einer Endstellung,
In the following, an advantageous embodiment of the thermoforming packaging machine according to the invention and the method according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. In detail show:
Fig. 1
a sectional view of a foil punch according to the prior art,
Fig. 2
a time-force diagram of the conventional and a foil punch according to the invention,
Fig. 3
a schematic side view of a thermoforming packaging machine according to the invention,
Fig. 4
a sectional view of a foil punch according to the invention in the production direction in a basic position,
Fig. 5
a sectional view of the foil punch in a partially closed position and
Fig. 6
a sectional view of the foil punch in an end position,

Einander entsprechende Komponenten sind in den Figuren durchgängig mit gleichem Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding components are consistently provided in the figures with the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer Schnittansicht eine Folienstanze 1 gemäß dem Stand der Technik mit einer Hebelmechanik 2, um ein Werkzeugunterteil 3 vertikal nach oben bewegen zu können. Als Antrieb für die Hebelmechanik 2 dient ein Pneumatikzylinder 4. Die Hebelmechanik 2 überträgt die Bewegung eines Kolbens des Pneumatikzylinders 4 auf das Werkzeugunterteil 3. Durch die Gestaltung der Hebelmechanik 2 sind der Hub und die Kraft des Werkzeugunterteils 3 festgelegt. Das Werkzeugunterteil 3 ist in Fig. 1 in seiner maximalen oberen Position dargestellt. Dabei steht eine Gegendruckleiste 6 des Werkzeugunterteils 3 in Kontakt mit einem Messer 7a eines Werkzeugoberteils 7. Um die Druckkraft, die die Gegendruckleiste 6 auf das Messer 7a ausübt, einstellen zu können, weist die Folienstanze 1 Einstellräder 8 auf, um das Messer 7a mit einer Genauigkeit von wenigen 1/100 Millimetern in der Höhe und damit relativ zur Gegendruckleiste 6 des Werkzeugunterteils 3 einstellen zu können. Durch den ständigen Kontakt des Messers 7a an der Gegendruckleiste 6 nach dem Durchtrennen einer Folie stumpft die Schneide des Messers 7a ab und das Messer 7a muss nach unten verstellt werden, um ein gutes Stanz- bzw. Schneidergebnis beibehalten zu können. Fehleinstellungen können die Lebenszeit von Messer 7a und Gegendruckleiste 6 stark negativ beeinflussen. Fig. 1 shows in a sectional view of a foil punch 1 according to the prior art with a lever mechanism 2 in order to move a tool lower part 3 vertically upward can. As a drive for the lever mechanism 2 is a pneumatic cylinder 4. The lever mechanism 2 transmits the movement of a piston of the pneumatic cylinder 4 on the lower tool part 3. The design of the lever mechanism 2, the stroke and the force of the lower tool part 3 are fixed. The lower tool part 3 is in Fig. 1 shown in its maximum upper position. In this case, a counter-pressure bar 6 of the lower tool part 3 is in contact with a knife 7a of a tool upper part 7. In order to adjust the compressive force exerted by the counter-pressure bar 6 on the knife 7a, the foil punch 1 setting wheels 8 to the knife 7a with a Accuracy of a few 1/100 millimeters in height and thus to be able to adjust relative to the counter-pressure bar 6 of the tool part 3. Due to the constant contact of the knife 7a on the back pressure bar 6 after cutting through a film, the cutting edge of the blade 7a blunts and the blade 7a has to be adjusted downwards in order to be able to maintain a good punching or cutting result. Incorrect settings can greatly affect the lifetime of the Messer 7a and counterpressure 6 bar.

In Fig. 2 ist der Kraftverlauf der Druckkraft F, die von der Gegendruckleiste 6 auf das Messer 7a ausgeübt wird, anhand eines Zeit-Kraft-Diagramms in durchgezogener Linie am Beispiel der Folienstanze 1 aus Fig. 1 dargestellt. Zum Zeitpunkt t0 ist das Werkzeugunterteil 3 in der unteren Grundstellung, in der der Pneumatikzylinder 4 ganz eingefahren ist. Der Pneumatikzylinder 4 wird anschließend mit Druck beaufschlagt und bewegt das Werkzeugunterteil 3 nach oben an die zu trennende Folie heran. Bei t1 trifft die Gegendruckleiste 6 des Werkzeugunterteils 3 auf die Folie und drückt diese mit einer Kraft F1 an das Messer 7a. t2 stellt den Moment des Ein- bzw. Durchdringens und damit das Durchtrennen der Folie dar. Anschließend steht das Messer 7a mit der Gegendruckleiste 6 in Kontakt und die Kraft F steigt auf einen maximalen Wert F2 an, der durch den Pneumatikzylinder 4 und dessen Druckluftversorgung und auch durch die obere Endlage des Pneumatikzylinders beeinflusst wird. Bei t3 wird der Stanzvorgang abgeschlossen und der Druck des Pneumatikzylinders 4 entfällt und damit nimmt auch die Druckkraft F bis t4 ab. Ab dem Zeitpunkt t4 entfernt sich das Werkzeugunterteil 3 bzw. die Gegendruckleiste 6 vom Messer 7a und fährt in die Grundstellung zurück.In Fig. 2 is the force curve of the pressure force F, which is exerted by the counter-pressure bar 6 on the knife 7a, using a time-force diagram in a solid line on the example of the foil punch 1 from Fig. 1 shown. At time t0, the lower tool part 3 is in the lower basic position, in which the pneumatic cylinder 4 is fully retracted. The pneumatic cylinder 4 is then pressurized and moves the lower tool part 3 up to the film to be separated. At t1, the counter-pressure strip 6 of the lower tool part 3 strikes the foil and presses it with a force F1 against the knife 7a. t2 represents the moment of penetration or penetration and thus the cutting through of the film. Subsequently, the knife 7a is in contact with the counter-pressure strip 6 and the force F rises to a maximum value F2 which is generated by the pneumatic cylinder 4 and its compressed air supply and is also influenced by the upper end position of the pneumatic cylinder. At t3, the punching process is completed and the pressure of the pneumatic cylinder 4 is eliminated and thus also decreases the pressure force F to t4. From the time t4, the lower tool part 3 and the counter-pressure bar 6 away from the knife 7a and moves back to the normal position.

Wie aus dem Diagramm zu ersehen ist, ist die zum Trennen der Folie benötigte Kraft F1 weniger als halb so groß wie die maximal auftretende Kraft F2, mit der die Gegendruckleiste 6 nach dem Trennvorgang noch auf das Messer 7a wirkt. Im direkten Vergleich zum Stand der Technik ist der Kraftverlauf entsprechend der Erfindung als Strich-Punkt-Linie L eingezeichnet. Wie dieser Kraftverlauf erreicht wird, wird anhand der folgenden Figuren näher erläutert.As can be seen from the diagram, the force F1 required to separate the film is less than half the maximum force F2 with which the counterpressure strip 6 still acts on the knife 7a after the separation process. In direct comparison to Prior art, the force curve according to the invention as a dash-dot line L is located. How this force curve is achieved will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine 10. Die Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine 10 weist eine Formstation 11, eine Siegelstation 12, eine Querschneideeinrichtung in Form einer Folienstanze 1 und eine Längsschneideeinrichtung 13 auf, die in dieser Reihenfolge in einer Produktionsrichtung R an einem Maschinenrahmen 14 angeordnet sind. Eingangsseitig befindet sich an dem Maschinenrahmen 14 eine Zufuhrrolle 15, von der eine Folienbahn 16 abgezogen wird. Im Bereich der Siegelstation 12 ist ein Materialspeicher 17 vorgesehen, von dem eine Deckelfolie 18 abgezogen wird. Ausgangsseitig ist an der Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine 10 eine Abfuhreinrichtung 19 in Form eines Transportbandes vorgesehen, mit der fertige, vereinzelte Verpackungen 20 abtransportiert werden. Ferner weist die Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine 10 eine Vorschubeinrichtung auf, die die Folienbahn 16 ergreift und diese pro Hauptarbeitstakt in der Produktionsrichtung R weitertransportiert. Die Vorschubeinrichtung kann zum Beispiel durch beidseitig angeordnete Klammerketten ausgeführt sein. Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of a thermoforming packaging machine 10 according to the invention. The thermoforming packaging machine 10 has a forming station 11, a sealing station 12, a cross-cutting device in the form of a film punch 1 and a longitudinal cutting device 13, which are arranged in this order in a production direction R on a machine frame 14. On the input side is located on the machine frame 14, a feed roller 15, from which a film web 16 is withdrawn. In the region of the sealing station 12, a material reservoir 17 is provided, from which a cover film 18 is pulled off. On the output side, a discharge device 19 in the form of a conveyor belt is provided on the thermoforming packaging machine 10, with which finished, individualized packages 20 are transported away. Furthermore, the thermoforming packaging machine 10 has a feed device which grips the film web 16 and transports it further per main working cycle in the production direction R. The feed device can be designed, for example, by clamp chains arranged on both sides.

In der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist die Formstation 11 als eine Tiefziehstation ausgebildet, bei der in die Folienbahn 16 durch Tiefziehen Mulden 21 geformt werden. Dabei kann die Formstation 11 derart ausgebildet sein, dass in der Richtung senkrecht zur Produktionsrichtung R mehrere Mulden 21 nebeneinander gebildet werden. In Produktionsrichtung R hinter der Formstation 11 ist eine Einlegestrecke 22 vorgesehen, in der die in der Folienbahn 16 geformten Mulden 21 mit Produkten 23 befüllt werden.In the illustrated embodiment, the forming station 11 is formed as a thermoforming station in which troughs 21 are formed into the film web 16 by deep drawing. In this case, the forming station 11 may be formed such that in the direction perpendicular to the production direction R a plurality of wells 21 are formed side by side. In the production direction R behind the forming station 11, an insertion path 22 is provided in which the troughs 21 formed in the film web 16 are filled with products 23.

Die Querschneideeinrichtung 1 ist als Folienstanze ausgebildet, die die Folienbahn 16 und die Deckelfolie 18 in einer Richtung quer zur Produktionsrichtung R zwischen benachbarten Mulden 21 durchtrennt. Dabei arbeitet die Folienstanze 1 derart, dass die Folienbahn 16 nicht über die gesamte Breite aufgetrennt wird, sondern zumindest in einem Randbereich nicht durchtrennt wird. Dies ermöglicht einen kontrollierten Weitertransport durch die Vorschubeinrichtung.The cross-cutting device 1 is formed as a film punch, which cuts through the film web 16 and the cover film 18 in a direction transverse to the direction of production R between adjacent wells 21. In this case, the film lance 1 works in such a way that the film web 16 is not separated over the entire width, but is not severed at least in an edge region. This allows a controlled onward transport by the feed device.

Die Längsschneideeinrichtung 13 ist in der dargestellten Ausführungsform als eine Messeranordnung mit mehreren rotierenden Rundmessern ausgebildet, mit der die Folienbahn 16 und die Deckelfolie 18 zwischen benachbarten Mulden 21 und am seitlichen Rand der Folienbahn 16 durchtrennt werden, so dass hinter der Längsschneideeinrichtung 13 vereinzelte Verpackungen 20 vorliegen.The longitudinal cutting device 13 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a knife assembly with a plurality of rotating circular blades, with which the film web 16 and the cover sheet 18 between adjacent troughs 21 and at the lateral edge of the film web 16 are severed, so that behind the longitudinal cutting device 13 individualized packages 20 are present.

Die Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine 10 verfügt ferner über eine Steuerung 26. Sie hat die Aufgabe, die in der Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine 10 ablaufenden Prozesse zu steuern und zu überwachen. Eine Anzeigevorrichtung 27 mit Bedienelementen 28 dient zum Visualisieren bzw. Beeinflussen der Prozessabläufe in der Tiefziehverpackungsmaschine 10 für bzw. durch einen Bediener.The thermoforming packaging machine 10 also has a controller 26. It has the task to control the running in the thermoforming packaging machine 10 processes and monitor. A display device 27 with controls 28 serves to visualize or influence the process flows in the thermoforming packaging machine 10 for or by an operator.

Anhand der folgenden Figuren werden die Folienstanze 1 und ihre Funktion näher erläutert.Based on the following figures, the foil punch 1 and its function are explained in detail.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Schnittansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Folienstanze 1 in Produktionsrichtung R in einer Grundstellung, bei der sich das Werkzeugunterteil 3 in seiner unteren Position befindet. Als Antrieb für die Hebelmechanik 2 ist ein Servomotor 29 vorgesehen, der über ein Riemengetriebe 30 das Drehmoment auf eine Spindel 31, vorzugsweise einer Kugelumlaufspindel, überträgt und somit die Motordrehung in eine lineare Bewegung umsetzt. Die Spindel 31 hebt einen Schlitten 32, der an einer vertikalen Führung 33 geführt ist, an. Denkbar ist alternativ auch ein Servolinearantrieb anstelle des Servomotors 29, dem Riemengetriebe 30 und der Spindel 31. Der Servomotor 29 mit Riemengetriebe 30 und Spindel 31 wird als Servoantrieb 50 bezeichnet. Dabei umfasst der Servoantrieb 50 auch einen Regler 51 für den Servomotor 29, wobei der Regler 51 mit der Steuerung 26 verbunden ist. Alternativ kann anstatt des Riemengetriebes 30 ein Zahnradgetriebe vorgesehen sein. Der Servoantrieb 50 umfasst desweiteren einen Inkrementalgeber oder einen Absolutmessgeber an der Spindel 31, vorzugsweise für die Erfassung der Linearbewegung der Spindel 31. Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of the film punch 1 according to the invention in the production direction R in a basic position, in which the lower tool part 3 is in its lower position. As a drive for the lever mechanism 2, a servo motor 29 is provided which transmits the torque via a belt drive 30 to a spindle 31, preferably a ball screw, and thus converts the motor rotation into a linear movement. The spindle 31 lifts a carriage 32, which is guided on a vertical guide 33 at. Alternatively, a servo linear drive is also conceivable instead of the servomotor 29, the belt drive 30 and the spindle 31. The servomotor 29 with belt drive 30 and spindle 31 is referred to as a servo drive 50. In this case, the servo drive 50 also includes a controller 51 for the servo motor 29, wherein the controller 51 is connected to the controller 26. Alternatively, instead of the belt transmission 30, a gear transmission may be provided. The servo drive 50 further includes an incremental encoder or an absolute encoder on the spindle 31, preferably for detecting the linear movement of the spindle 31st

Bei der Bewegung des Schlittens 32 nach oben wird (s. Figur 5) beidseitig der Führung 33 jeweils ein Kniehebel 34 mittels einer Hebelverbindung 35, die den Schlitten 32 mit dem Kniehebel 34 verbindet, betätigt und gespreizt. Die Kniehebelspreizung bewirkt eine Bewegung einer Hubplatte 36 vertikal nach oben, da die zwei Kniehebel 34 jeweils mit einem unteren Hebelelement 37 an einem Rahmen 39 und mit einem oberen Hebelelement 38 an der Hubplatte 36 drehbar gelagert sind. Die Hubplatte 36 ist über Rollen 40 mittels der Führung 33 vertikal geführt. Fig. 6 zeigt die Folienstanze 1 in einer Endstellung nach dem Durchtrennen der Folienbahn 16. Kurz vor dieser Endstellung macht der Schlitten 32 eine Hubbewegung H1, beispielsweise von 20 mm, während dabei die Hubplatte 36 lediglich einen Hub H2 in gleicher Richtung, beispielsweise um 1 mm, macht.As the carriage 32 moves upwards (see FIG. FIG. 5 ) On both sides of the guide 33 each have a toggle lever 34 by means of a lever connection 35 which connects the carriage 32 with the toggle 34, actuated and spread. The knee lever spread causes a movement of a lifting plate 36 vertically upward, since the two toggle 34 are rotatably mounted respectively with a lower lever member 37 on a frame 39 and with an upper lever member 38 on the lifting plate 36. The lifting plate 36 is guided vertically over rollers 40 by means of the guide 33. Fig. 6 Shortly before this end position, the carriage 32 makes a lifting movement H1, for example of 20 mm, while doing the lifting plate 36 only a stroke H2 in the same direction, for example, by 1 mm ,

Fig. 6 zeigt desweiteren den Regler 51 für den Servomotor 29, wobei der Regler 51 mit der Steuerung 26 verbunden ist. Der Regler 51 erfasst den Motorstrom des Servomotors 29 und leitet diese Information an die Steuerung 26 weiter. Der Motorstrom ist annähernd proportional zur Druckkraft F, die in Fig. 2 im Diagramm gezeigt ist. Fig. 6 further shows the controller 51 for the servo motor 29, wherein the controller 51 is connected to the controller 26. The controller 51 detects the motor current of the servomotor 29 and passes this information to the controller 26 on. The motor current is approximately proportional to the compressive force F, which in Fig. 2 shown in the diagram.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Druckkraft auch über wenigstens einen Drucksensor 42 als Messeinheit erfasst werden, der im Kraftfluss von der Hebelmechanik 2, dem Werkzeugoberteil 7 und dem Werkzeugunterteil 3 angeordnet ist, beispielsweise wie in Fig. 6 dargestellt zwischen dem unteren Ende eines Halters 43 für das Werkzeugoberteil 7 und einem Aufnahmeteil 44 des Rahmens 39 für den Halter 43. Es können auch zwei Drucksensoren 42 symmetrisch rechts und links an den Haltern 43 vorgesehen sein.Alternatively or additionally, the pressure force can also be detected via at least one pressure sensor 42 as a measuring unit, which is arranged in the force flow of the lever mechanism 2, the upper tool part 7 and the lower tool part 3, for example as in Fig. 6 shown between the lower end of a holder 43 for the upper tool part 7 and a receiving part 44 of the frame 39 for the holder 43. It can also be two pressure sensors 42 symmetrically right and left provided on the holders 43.

In einer weiteren alternativen Ausführungsform der Messeinheit kann ein Schwingungssensor 45 oder Körperschallsensor am Werkzeugoberteil 7 vorgesehen sein, um den Kontakt bzw. das Aufprallen des Werkzeugunterteils 3 bzw. der Gegendruckleiste 6 auf das Werkzeugoberteil 7 bzw. des Messers 7a zu detektieren.In a further alternative embodiment of the measuring unit, a vibration sensor 45 or structure-borne sound sensor can be provided on the tool upper part 7 in order to detect the contact or impact of the lower tool part 3 or the counterpressure rail 6 on the upper tool part 7 or of the knife 7a.

Zum Ermitteln der Arbeitsposition wird das Werkzeugunterteil 3 wie in den Figuren 4 bis 6 gezeigt nach oben an das Werkzeugoberteil 7 heranbewegt. Dabei kann die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit geringer und damit schonender sein als während des sonstigen Produktionsprozesses. In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführung des Verfahrens ist bei diesem Vorgang noch keine Folienbahn 16 vorhanden, so dass das Werkzeugunterteil 3 ohne Ausführung einer Schneidkraft an das Werkzeugoberteil 7 bewegt werden kann.To determine the working position, the lower tool part 3 as in the FIGS. 4 to 6 shown moved up to the tool upper part 7. The movement speed can be lower and thus gentler than during the other production process. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method, no film web 16 is present in this process, so that the lower tool part 3 can be moved without executing a cutting force on the upper tool part 7.

In allen Fällen ermittelt die Steuerung 26 anhand der ermittelten Daten der Messeinheit 41, 42 oder 45 die End- oder auch Kontaktposition als Arbeitsposition des Werkzeugunterteils 3 bzw. des Schlittens 32, die einer bestimmten Stellung des Servomotors 29 bzw. der Spindel 31 entspricht. Die Steuerung 26 positioniert das Werkzeugunterteil 3 für den Stanzprozess in die Arbeitsposition, aber nicht weiter. Daraus ergibt sich ein Kraftverlauf L, siehe Fig. 2, dargestellt als Strich-Punkt-Linie L im direkten Vergleich zu einer Ausführung gemäß dem Stand der Technik. Er hat gegenüber dem Stand der Technik den Vorteil, dass die Maximalkraft kaum höher ist als die für das Durchtrennen der Folie sorgende Kraft.In all cases, the controller 26 determines based on the determined data of the measuring unit 41, 42 or 45, the end or contact position as a working position of the lower tool part 3 and the carriage 32, which corresponds to a specific position of the servo motor 29 and the spindle 31. The controller 26 positions the tool base 3 for the punching process in the working position, but not further. This results in a force curve L, see Fig. 2 , shown as a dashed-dotted line L in direct comparison to an embodiment according to the prior art. He has the advantage over the prior art, that the maximum force is barely higher than that for the cutting of the foil care.

Die Spindel 31 kann optional (siehe Fig. 6) ein Gehäuse 60 mit einer Schutzart IP 65 aufweisen, wobei dabei bevorzugt eine Druckausgleichsvorrichtung 61 in Form einer in die Umgebung herausgeführten Leitung vorgesehen sein kann. Eine solche Ausführung ist besonders hygienisch, da das Gehäuse 60 dann sowohl staubdicht ausgeführt als auch mit Strahlwasser reinigbar ist.The spindle 31 may optionally (see Fig. 6 ) have a housing 60 with a degree of protection IP 65, in which case preferably a pressure compensation device 61 may be provided in the form of a lead out into the environment line. Such a design is particularly hygienic, since the housing 60 is then carried out both dustproof and can be cleaned with jet water.

Anstatt einer Spindel 31 kann der Servoantrieb 50 einen Pleuelantrieb aufweisen.Instead of a spindle 31, the servo drive 50 may have a connecting rod drive.

In einer Variante kann das Messer 7a am Werkzeugunterteil 3 und die Gegendruckleiste 6 am Werkzeugoberteil 7 vorgesehen sein.In a variant, the knife 7a may be provided on the tool lower part 3 and the counter-pressure strip 6 on the tool upper part 7.

Idealerweise wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren regelmäßig durchgeführt, z.B. wöchentlich, täglich oder bei jedem Maschinenstart. Für den anschließenden Betrieb ist die Folienstanze 1 dann stets optional eingestellt, und zwar unabhängig von einem eventuellen Verschleiß des Messers 7a. Auf diese Weise müssen die Schneidwerkzeuge der Folienstanze viel seltener als im Stand der Technik manuell nachjustiert oder ausgetauscht werden, was den Betrieb der Folienstanze 1 und der gesamten Verpackungsmaschine erheblich optimiert.Ideally, the method according to the invention is carried out regularly, e.g. weekly, daily or at every machine start. For subsequent operation, the foil punch 1 is then always set optional, regardless of any wear of the blade 7a. In this way, the cutting tools of the foil punch must be manually readjusted or replaced much less frequently than in the prior art, which considerably improves the operation of the foil punch 1 and the entire packaging machine.

Claims (9)

  1. A thermoform packaging machine (10), comprising a controller (26) and a film punch (1), which includes a lever mechanism (2), a tool upper part (7) and a tool lower part (3), wherein at least the tool upper part (7) or the tool lower part (3) are movable by means of the lever mechanism (2) such that the tool upper part (7) and the tool lower part (3) approach each other, characterized in that the film punch (1) comprises a servo drive (50) and that a measuring unit (51, 42, 45) is provided, which is configured to detect a contact between the tool upper part (7) and the tool lower part (3).
  2. The thermoform packaging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (26) is connected to the measuring unit (51, 42, 45), and that the position of the tool upper part (7) and/or of the tool lower part (3) at a working position can be calculated by means of the controller (26).
  3. The thermoform packaging machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring unit is a governor (51) of the servo drive (50).
  4. The thermoform packaging machine according to one of the claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the measuring unit is a pressure sensor (42) or an impact-sound or vibration sensor (45).
  5. The thermoform packaging machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the servo drive (50) comprises a servomotor (29), a governor (51) and a spindle (31), preferably a ball screw.
  6. A method of determining the working position of a movable tool lower part (3) or a movable tool upper part (7) of a thermoform packaging machine (10) comprising a controller (26) and a film punch (1), wherein the film punch (1) comprises the tool lower part (3) and the tool upper part (7), which are moved by a lifting mechanism (2) and which approach each other during this movement, characterized in that, as the tool lower part (3) and the tool upper part (7) approach each other, a contact between the tool lower and tool upper parts (3, 7) is detected by means of the controller (26) on the basis of an evaluation of data of the measuring unit (51, 42, 45).
  7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the measuring unit is a governor (51) for a servomotor (29) of a servo drive (50) of the film punch (1), and that, on the basis of the current consumption of the servomotor (29), the force progression of the force acting on the movable tool (3, 7) is detected.
  8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the measuring unit is a pressure sensor (42) and that a measurement of force is carried out at the tool lower or tool upper part (3, 7).
  9. The method according to one of the claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the controller (26) determines an end position for the movable tool lower or tool upper part (3, 7).
EP16172562.7A 2015-06-23 2016-06-02 Deep draw packaging machine with film stamp Active EP3109017B1 (en)

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US10766655B2 (en) 2020-09-08

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