EP3095913B1 - Contaminant removal and archive disinfection device and method - Google Patents

Contaminant removal and archive disinfection device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3095913B1
EP3095913B1 EP16170382.2A EP16170382A EP3095913B1 EP 3095913 B1 EP3095913 B1 EP 3095913B1 EP 16170382 A EP16170382 A EP 16170382A EP 3095913 B1 EP3095913 B1 EP 3095913B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
treatment liquid
container
archival
mandrel
less
Prior art date
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EP16170382.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3095913A1 (en
Inventor
Oliver ZINN
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Gsk Mbh Gesellschaft Zur Sicherung Von Schriftlichem Kulturgut
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Gsk Mbh Gesellschaft Zur Sicherung Von Schriftlichem Kulturgut
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/18After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00 of old paper as in books, documents, e.g. restoring
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/06Alcohols; Phenols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/11Halides
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/36Biocidal agents, e.g. fungicidal, bactericidal, insecticidal agents

Definitions

  • the present invention describes a method and a device for removing contaminants, including inorganic contaminants, such as dust and sand, and organic contaminants, such as mold components, mold spores and bacteria, and for disinfection, ie to reduce the number of germs capable of reproduction, such as for example fungi, spores or bacteria, archival materials, in particular archival materials in bound form, such as books.
  • contaminants including inorganic contaminants, such as dust and sand, and organic contaminants, such as mold components, mold spores and bacteria
  • archival materials in particular archival materials in bound form, such as books.
  • Paper and the chemicals contained in paper and in the cover materials, such as adhesives, are an almost ideal carrier and breeding ground for many molds.
  • the main causes of the growth and multiplication processes of mold in archives are dust-laden or soiled archived material, excessive relative humidity, increased object moisture in the archived material or accidents.
  • Another possibility for combating mold is sterilization by irradiation with gamma rays, for example cobalt 60, or fumigation with ethylene oxide. Mold spores are killed with a sufficiently high dose of gamma rays. When irradiated, however, the written material loses a considerable part of its strength. A precise assessment of the risk is therefore required as to whether infected papers are at all suitable for irradiation. Fumigation with ethylene oxide has the disadvantage that residues of ethylene oxide are harmful and carcinogenic.
  • the WO 97/26409 A1 describes a method and a device for deacidifying, for example, books, with goods carriers for holding the books and a treatment liquid being moved relative to one another and parallel to the spine of the book.
  • a method and apparatus for deacidifying cellulosic materials are also disclosed in US Pat EP 1 245 733 A1 disclosed.
  • the treatment liquid is removed from the deacidification autoclave after the deacidification process has ended, in order to process the liquid again.
  • the U.S. 5,120,500 A describes a process for deacidifying books in which the books are treated with high-frequency radiation in a vacuum before the actual deacidification.
  • the US 2008/0017336 A1 describes a method for preserving cellulose materials, in which the cellulose material is treated with a stabilizing agent, the cellulose material and / or the stabilizing agent being cooled before and / or during the treatment.
  • the process should be environmentally friendly and the burden on the persons involved in the procedure be low.
  • the invention in a first aspect, relates to a method for removing contaminants and / or for disinfecting archival material according to claim 1.
  • archival material describes archive material, such as books, files or individual sheets.
  • archival material includes archival material in bound form, such as books, i.e. archival material each comprising a plurality of paper pages stacked one on top of the other, the paper pages being joined together along one edge.
  • the invention provides a method for removing contamination and / or for disinfecting books.
  • the term "removal of contaminants” includes the removal of inorganic contaminants, such as sand and / or dust, and the removal of organic contaminants, such as mold components, mold spores, bacteria and / or insects and their remains. In the following, the removal of impurities is also referred to as cleaning.
  • the term “disinfection” refers to the reduction in the number of germs capable of reproduction, such as fungi, spores or bacteria, in particular by killing the germs and includes sterilization.
  • step (a) at least one archive is arranged in a container on at least one flat surface of a goods carrier.
  • the container can be closed in a gas-tight manner, so that evaporated treatment liquid cannot escape from the container either during the treatment for cleaning and / or disinfection or during subsequent optional process steps, such as a deacidification and / or drying of the archival material as described below.
  • evaporated treatment liquid cannot escape from the container either during the treatment for cleaning and / or disinfection or during subsequent optional process steps, such as a deacidification and / or drying of the archival material as described below.
  • the container there is at least one goods carrier with at least one flat goods surface for receiving the archival items, in particular archival items set up in a fanned out manner.
  • a mandrel is also arranged in the container, which mandrel preferably extends perpendicularly away from the bottom of the container.
  • the goods carrier is held by the mandrel and the goods carrier has at least one flat goods surface which runs perpendicular to the mandrel and which serves to hold the archival items, in particular a plurality of archival items set up in a fanned out manner.
  • the goods carrier has two or three goods surfaces for receiving a plurality of archival documents arranged in a fanned out manner.
  • the goods surfaces are preferably flat surfaces which have a sieve-like structure so that a treatment liquid can flow through the goods carriers.
  • the goods carriers also have a plurality of subdivision surfaces which run perpendicular to the goods surfaces and which divide the goods surfaces into several sections, an archive being arranged in each section.
  • the goods carrier can be removed from the container, can be equipped with e.g. books outside the container, and can be introduced into the container when equipped. This is particularly advantageous since the goods carrier can be loaded with archival documents without a person having to reach into the container.
  • a plurality of goods carriers can be provided for each container, so that while a goods carrier equipped with archival material is in the container and the archival material is being cleaned, the remaining goods carrier can be equipped with archival material or archive material that has already been cleaned can be removed from the goods carrier.
  • the goods carrier is equipped with e.g. books within the container. This is particularly advantageous with large devices, since the weight of the goods carrier equipped with books would be so great that it would be difficult to move.
  • the archival items to be treated are bound archival items
  • the archival items are preferably set up in a fanned-out manner on the goods surface of the goods carrier.
  • the archival is fixed to the goods carrier at least at one edge of the single sheet.
  • the archival material is completely immersed in the treatment liquid for cleaning and / or disinfection.
  • treatment liquid flows into the container from below via an opening in the container which is arranged in the lower container area, such as the bottom of the container. This filling is preferably carried out slowly in order to avoid damaging the archives, such as tearing out paper pages, by excessive shear forces.
  • a device is also arranged in the container by means of which the direction and / or speed of flow of the treatment liquid flowing into the container can be controlled.
  • the device is arranged below the goods carrier so that treatment liquid flowing into the container flows through the archives from below. This arrangement is particularly advantageous since the flow flowing past the archive from bottom to top can take place particularly uniformly and, if necessary, can already loosen dirt particles stuck on the surface of the paper pages.
  • a sieve-like surface running parallel to the at least one goods surface is arranged in the container in such a way that treatment liquid flowing in through the device first flows through the sieve-like surface before it comes into contact with archival documents arranged on the goods carrier.
  • a screen-like surface is to be understood as a surface which has a multiplicity of openings through which the treatment liquid can pass.
  • the arrangement of a sieve-like surface between the archives and the device for controlling the direction and / or speed of flow is particularly advantageous if the device has only one or a few openings through which the treatment liquid flows centrally into the container. With an appropriate arrangement of the openings on the screen-like surface, the flow of the treatment liquid in the container can be controlled in such a way that a uniform, ascending flow is formed which rises along the mandrel and flows evenly through the archival material.
  • At least one fan nozzle and preferably a plurality of fan nozzles for injecting a treatment liquid are also arranged in the container.
  • the goods carrier and the fan nozzle (s) can be moved relative to one another in such a way that, in step (b) of the method according to the invention, the treatment liquid is fed into each archive through at least one fan nozzle through the side of the archive facing away from the bound or fixed edge in the direction of the bound or fixed edge can be injected.
  • either the goods carrier or the fan nozzle (s) or the goods carrier and the fan nozzle (s) can be moved in such a way that each archival item that is arranged on the goods carrier with its side facing away from the bound or fixed edge is at least can be guided past a fan nozzle so that the treatment liquid injected by the fan nozzle is injected essentially parallel to the individual pages of the archive into, for example, the book.
  • This is particularly advantageous since not only the outer areas of the pages come into contact with the treatment liquid, but rather the paper pages are completely contacted up to the point of binding and are thus cleaned.
  • a plurality of fan nozzles are arranged on an inner wall of the container and inject the treatment liquid along planes which run parallel to the direction of extension of the mandrel.
  • the compartments of treatment liquid that are injected into the container from the fan nozzles in the direction of the archival material run parallel to the bound or fixed edges of the archival material and the paper pages. This ensures that the pages are completely cleaned and decontaminated right through to the binding.
  • the container is cylindrical, the at least one product surface is circular, and the product carrier is driven to rotate about an axis of rotation formed by the mandrel.
  • the relative movement of the goods carrier and the fan nozzles to one another can be designed in a particularly simple manner.
  • the fan nozzles can be fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the container, while the product carrier rotates around the mandrel arranged centrally in the container.
  • the archival documents arranged on the goods surface point with their bound edges to the axis of rotation formed by the mandrel. In this way, a large number of archival documents can be thoroughly cleaned in a particularly small space. It is preferred to rotate the goods carrier first by 270 ° in one direction and then by 180 ° in the other direction about the axis of rotation.
  • the rotation of the goods carrier is particularly advantageous because a relative movement can be generated between the goods carrier and the fan nozzles in a simple manner, through which the treatment liquid can be injected into each book through at least one of the fan nozzles.
  • the mandrel has openings through which the treatment liquid can flow into the interior of the container.
  • the back of the bound edge of the archival material facing the mandrel e.g. the spine of the book, is preferably exposed to treatment liquid. This enables particularly intensive contact and thus cleaning of the book spine.
  • the at least one goods surface is rectangular and that the fan nozzles are driven to be horizontally displaceable. It is preferred that the surface of the goods is considerably longer than it is wide, the width being selected so that it corresponds approximately to the depth of an archive store set up fanned out.
  • the bound or fixed edges of the archives each point to one of the two longer outer sides of the goods surface. It's special it is preferred to arrange the archival material in such a way that when the archival material is placed side by side, the bound edges point to opposite outer edges of the goods surface.
  • the fan nozzles are guided past the goods carrier, which is itself at rest.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous because it allows the size of the container and the goods surface to be chosen as large as desired, so that large numbers of archival documents can also be cleaned at the same time. At the same time, only a few fan nozzles are necessary, as these can be shifted along the longer side of the goods surface and in this way many archival documents can be handled with a few fan nozzles.
  • step (c) of the method according to the invention at least part of the treatment liquid is removed from the container after contacting the paper.
  • the container preferably has an opening which is particularly preferably arranged in the area of the bottom of the container.
  • the removed treatment liquid is fed, for example with the aid of a circulation pump, to a device for separating solids, a filter, in which in step (d) the impurities and / or germs removed from the paper are removed from the treatment liquid in order to provide a regenerated treatment liquid .
  • the apparatus for separating solids is suitable for removing solids with a particle size of less than 0.5 ⁇ m, such as 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ m or 0.001 to 0.5 ⁇ m. The particle size is measured in particular by means of laser diffractometry.
  • a filter is used as a device for separating solids.
  • the filter has a mesh size of less than 0.5 ⁇ m, such as 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ m or 0.001 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • the term "mesh size" refers to the size of the openings in the filter. Such a mesh size is special This is advantageous because even small impurities, such as grains of dust, and especially mold spores can be separated off, which would otherwise be entered back into the paper of the archival documents and become active again even after long breaks and thus lead to mold infestation again .
  • a particle filter such as a membrane filter, is particularly preferably used as the filter in step (d).
  • the membrane filter has a pore size of less than 0.5 ⁇ m, such as 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ m or 0.001 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • pore size denotes the nominal pore size of a membrane filter, i.e. the maximum in the pore size distribution curve determined by mercury porosimetry.
  • the regenerated treatment liquid is returned to the container.
  • the regenerated treatment liquid is preferably returned to the container via the fan nozzle (s) and / or possibly the hollow mandrel.
  • the archival materials are preferably contacted with treatment liquid in step (b), treatment liquid is removed in step (c), solids are separated off in step (d) and the regenerated treatment liquid is returned to the container in step (e). continuously.
  • steps (b) to (e) are carried out in parallel, i.e. simultaneously.
  • the treatment liquid used in the process contains a carrier substance and possibly a disinfectant.
  • the carrier substance comprises a solvent which (i) has a surface tension of less than 0.072 N / m, preferably less than 0.020 N / m, particularly preferably less than 0.015 N / m, such as 0.010 to 0.020 N / m, (ii) a Polarity of less than 150 kJ / mol, such as 20 to 150 kJ / mol or 30 to 40 kJ / mol, on the E T (30) scale and / or (iii) a boiling point of less than 100 ° C, preferably less than 70 ° C, particularly preferably less than 60 ° C, such as 50 to 60 ° C.
  • the surface tension is measured at room temperature and ambient pressure, in particular with the help of the capillary effect.
  • a cathetometer for example, is suitable for measuring the height of rise in the capillary.
  • the boiling point is determined at a standard pressure of 1.01325 bar.
  • the carrier substance preferably comprises a solvent which has properties (i) to (iii).
  • the solvent is particularly preferably an alkane or fluorinated alkane with a molar mass of more than 72 g / mol, such as 72 to 300 g / mol, and is preferably selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, heptane, decafluoropentane and mixtures thereof .
  • the solvent is 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane.
  • Such solvents have the advantage that they can penetrate the usual paper structures very well in order to remove contaminants such as dust, sand, fungal spores or bacteria, and can then be removed from the paper without leaving any residue.
  • the treatment liquid comprises a disinfectant in addition to the carrier substance in a preferred embodiment. It is preferred that the disinfectant is soluble in the carrier substance and is preferably selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and mixtures thereof.
  • the object on which the invention is based is thus achieved by a method in which a plurality of archival documents are preferably fanned out and contacted with a treatment liquid, the contaminated treatment liquid then being regenerated by filtration and returned for further cleaning purposes.
  • a cost-effective method is made available in which a large number of archival documents, such as books, can be cleaned and freed from mold and other germs in a relatively short time and in a space-saving manner.
  • a method for deacidifying the archival material is carried out.
  • the archival documents according to the method according to the invention preferably remain in the container and step (b) of the method according to the invention is carried out with a treatment liquid which contains at least one deacidifying agent.
  • the method according to the invention can therefore not only achieve cleaning and / or disinfection of archival material, but also deacidification of the archival material.
  • the deacidifying agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal compounds and in particular from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium hydroxide, barium oxide, barium carbonate, barium hydrogen carbonate, barium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen hydroxide, sodium hydroxide , Potassium hydroxide, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate and mixtures thereof.
  • gas vents are arranged below the goods carrier in such a way that gas flowing out of the gas vents flows through the books that have been fanned out.
  • gas outlets is particularly advantageous since the outflowing gas can interact with the treatment liquid, and in this way the books can be deacidified even more thoroughly.
  • the flow flowing through the books is also increased so that particles in the treatment liquid are also prevented from being deposited on the surface of the book pages to be deacidified.
  • the archival material is dried.
  • this drying is carried out in the container itself.
  • the mandrel arranged in the container is hollow and has a plurality of openings through which gas for drying the archival material can flow into the container. It is conceivable that these openings can be closed when the container is filled with a treatment liquid. It is also conceivable that the mandrel is connected directly to a hot air blower that can blow warm or hot air through the mandrel to dry the archival material into the container.
  • warm gas such as warm air, is particularly preferably supplied through the fan nozzle (s), the hollow mandrel and the opening in the lower region of the container, through which the treatment liquid has flowed into the container.
  • the device according to the invention is preferably characterized in that the container has a mandrel and the majority of the fanned out archival documents are arranged on at least one flat goods surface of the goods carrier running perpendicular to the mandrel, the goods carrier being held by the mandrel.
  • the treatment liquid in this embodiment is primarily injected along planes which run parallel to the direction of extension of the mandrel.
  • the container can be cylindrical and the at least one product surface circular and the product carrier can be driven to rotate about an axis of rotation formed by the mandrel in order to configure the relative movement of the product carrier and the fan nozzles to one another in a particularly simple manner.
  • the at least one product surface can be rectangular and the fan nozzles horizontal be displaceably driven in order to clean a larger number of archive materials.
  • the invention thus also relates to the use of a device according to the invention for cleaning and / or disinfecting, in particular for removing mold and mold spores, from archival materials in bound form, such as books.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-section through a container 3 used in a device 1 according to the invention for removing contaminants and for disinfecting archival materials.
  • the device 1 comprises in the in Figure 1
  • the interior of the container 3 comprises a goods carrier 7 with a plurality of slot-shaped openings 8, which are simply introduced into the container 3 after removing the lid 5 can be.
  • the goods carrier 7 also has two goods surfaces 9, on each of which a plurality of archive documents can be arranged.
  • a mandrel 11 is arranged in the container 3, which mandrel 11 extends perpendicularly away from the bottom of the container 3 and coincides with the axis of the cylindrical container 3.
  • the vertically extending mandrel 11 is designed as a hollow mandrel and has a plurality of openings, not shown. Furthermore, the mandrel 11 has a plurality of holders 13 with which the goods carrier 7 is held in the container 3.
  • the goods surfaces 9 are designed as flat surfaces which have a sieve-like structure 15 so that treatment liquid can flow through the goods surfaces 9 and thus the goods carrier 7.
  • a plurality of fan nozzles 17 for injecting treatment liquid into the container 3 are also arranged on the inner wall of the container 3.
  • the container 3 further comprises a first container opening 19 in the area of the bottom of the container 3, via which the treatment liquid can be introduced into the container 3 and removed.
  • the container 3 has a second container opening 20 and a third container opening 21, which are connected in a gas-tight manner to the interior of the hollow mandrel 11 in order to conduct liquids and / or gases into the hollow mandrel.
  • opening 20 serves to direct treatment liquid into hollow mandrel 11
  • opening 21 serves to direct inert gas into hollow mandrel 11, which can be advantageous, for example, in an optional deacidification step.
  • a device 22 Arranged directly above the opening 19 is a device 22 by means of which the direction of flow of the treatment liquid flowing into the container 3 can be controlled.
  • UV light sources 23 are arranged on the inner wall of the container 3, of which in FIG Figure 1 only one is shown for a better overview.
  • the UV light source 23 is used to irradiate the archival material arranged in the container 3 with UV light to reduce the number of germs capable of reproduction, especially bacteria.
  • the UV light source 23 extends essentially over the entire vertical length of the cylindrical container 3.
  • an ultrasound source 25 is arranged in the interior of the mandrel 11, with the aid of which the removal of impurities from the paper structure and thus the cleaning effect is further enhanced.
  • UV light source (s) 23 and ultrasound source (s) 25 are not, according to the invention, limited to the specific, in Figure 1 Shown embodiment limited. Furthermore, neither the shape nor the arrangement of the UV light source (s) 23 and ultrasonic source (s) 25 are dependent on the in Figure 1 Shown shapes and arrangements limited.
  • the device 1 shown further comprises a fourth container opening 26, which can be used, for example, to discharge gases such as inert gas or exhaust air during a drying step, and a drive unit 27 to set the mandrel 11 and the associated goods carrier 7 in a rotational movement.
  • a fourth container opening 26 which can be used, for example, to discharge gases such as inert gas or exhaust air during a drying step
  • a drive unit 27 to set the mandrel 11 and the associated goods carrier 7 in a rotational movement.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the in Figure 1 shown container 3 with further components of the device according to the invention 1.
  • the container opening 19 is connected via a line 29 to a pump 31, wherein between the opening 19 and the pump 31 also a branch point 33, a UV filter 35, a valve 37 and a Branch point 39 are arranged.
  • the pump 31 is connected to a filter 45 via a line 41 in which a valve 43 is arranged.
  • the filter 45 is connected to a valve 49 via line 47, a branch point 51 being arranged in the line 47.
  • the branch points 39 and 51 are via a line 52, a valve 53, a branch point 55 and a Valve 57 interconnected.
  • a storage container 59 for treatment liquid is connected to the branch point 55.
  • branch point 51 is connected to a branch point 61 via the valve 49.
  • the branch point 61 is connected to a branch point 65 via line 63, a valve 67 being arranged in the line 63.
  • a plurality of lines 69 extend from the branch point 65 to the individual fan nozzles 17 of the container 3.
  • the branch point 61 is connected to branch point 75 via a line 71 and a valve 73.
  • the branch point 75 is connected to the second container opening 20 via a line 77 and a valve 79.
  • branch point 75 is connected via a line 81 to branch point 83, which in turn is connected via a line 85 and a valve 87 to branch point 33.
  • a compressor 89 is connected to branch point 83 via a line 91 in which a valve 93 is arranged.
  • valve 53 To fill the container 3 with treatment liquid, valve 53 is opened so that treatment liquid can flow from the storage container 59 via the branch points 55 and 39 to the pump 31. Furthermore, the valves 43, 49, 73 and 87 are open for filling, so that the treatment liquid flows through the filter 45 with the aid of the pump 31 and then flows into the interior of the container 3 via the container opening 19.
  • the device 22 ensures that the inflowing treatment liquid hits the archival documents arranged in the goods carrier 7 evenly and with a flow rate that is not too high, so that damage, such as tearing out the books to be treated, is avoided.
  • the sieve-like structure 15 of the goods surfaces 9 through which the inflowing treatment liquid initially flows ensures that the flow of the treatment liquid is controlled in this way by a corresponding arrangement of the openings in the sieve-like structure can that a uniform ascending flow is formed, which rises along the mandrel 11 and flows evenly through the archival documents.
  • the valves 53, 43, 49, 73 and 87 are open. The other valves are closed.
  • the treatment liquid is circulated.
  • valves 37, 43, 49, 61, 73 and 79 are opened. All other valves remain closed during circulation.
  • the mandrel 11 and thus the goods carrier 7 are set in a rotational movement.
  • Treatment liquid is introduced into the interior of the container 3 via the plurality of lines 69 and the fan nozzles 17 which are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the container 3.
  • the treatment liquid is injected through the fan nozzles 17 into each archive through the fanned-out side of the archive facing away from the bound edge in the direction of the bound edge, as will be described further below in connection with FIG Figure 3 is described. Due to the relative movement of the goods carrier 7 and the fan nozzles 17 to one another as well as the fanned-out arrangement of the archives, not only the outer areas of the paper pages, but also the paper pages come into contact with the treatment liquid up to the point of binding.
  • treatment liquid flows via the line 77 and the second container opening 20 into the interior of the hollow mandrel 11. Due to the openings in the hollow mandrel 11, the treatment liquid can flow into the interior of the container 3, so that the back of the archival material to be treated, pointing towards the mandrel 11, is included Treatment liquid is flowed against. This enables particularly intensive contact to be made with the back of the bound edge of the archive material, such as the spine of the book.
  • the intensive contacting of all sides of the archival material to be treated and the bound edges ensures that both inorganic contaminants, such as dust and sand, and organic contaminants, such as mold components, mold spores and bacteria, are effectively removed.
  • This mechanical cleaning is further intensified by the ultrasonic source 25.
  • disinfectants present in the treatment liquid can achieve disinfection, ie a reduction in germs capable of reproducing, such as fungi, spores or bacteria.
  • This disinfecting effect can be intensified by irradiation with UV light by means of UV light source 23.
  • the treatment liquid therefore contains a certain amount of inorganic and organic impurities after contacting the archival material.
  • the released impurities are continuously removed from the treatment liquid.
  • part of the treatment liquid is continuously discharged from the container 3 via the first container opening 19 and passed via the lines 29 and 41 with the aid of the pump 31 into a filter 45, which is advantageously designed as a multi-stage filter and, for example, a sieve and a coarse filter for Removal of larger solids, such as separated paper particles, and a membrane filter for the separation of the smallest inorganic and organic impurities, such as dust, sand or mold spores.
  • the filtered treatment liquid is then via the lines 47 and 63 both to the lines 69 and thus for the subsequent injection of the treatment liquid via the fan nozzles 17 and via lines 47, 71 and 77 for introducing regenerated treatment liquid into the second container opening 20 and thus into the Hollow mandrel 11 of the container 3 returned.
  • the UV filter 35 arranged in line 29 increases the disinfecting effect of the method according to the invention, since spores, bacteria and other germs in the treatment liquid can be killed by UV radiation.
  • the use of UV filter 35 is not limited to the specific, in Figure 2 Shown embodiment limited.
  • the arrangement of the UV filter 35 is not based on the in Figure 2 shown arrangement limited.
  • the cycle operation can be ended by draining the treatment liquid from the container 3.
  • valves 37, 43 and 57 are opened.
  • the other valves remain closed for draining.
  • the treatment liquid is fed into the filter 45 via the lines 29 and 41 in order to return the treatment liquid, which is essentially free of impurities with an average particle size of more than 0.5 ⁇ m, to the storage container 59 via line 52.
  • the archival documents arranged on the goods carrier can simply be dried by using the compressor 89 to flow warm air through the first container opening 19, the second container opening 20 and the fan nozzles 17 into the interior of the container 3.
  • valves 93, 87, 79, 73 and 76 are open and the other valves are closed.
  • the exhaust air can leave the container 3 via the opening 26.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section through the in the Figures 1 and 2 container 3 shown along a plane which extends perpendicular to the vertically extending mandrel 11.
  • three fan nozzles 17 firmly connected to the inner wall are arranged in a uniformly distributed manner.
  • a UV light source 23 attached to the inner wall of the container 3.
  • the goods carrier 7 comprises a plurality of dividing surfaces 95, which run essentially parallel to the mandrel.
  • a plurality of compartments 97 is formed in the goods carrier 7 by the dividing surfaces 95.
  • the embodiment shown is a book 99 with a plurality of pages 101 and a bound edge 103.
  • the goods carrier 7 is first rotated through 270 ° in one direction of rotation and then through 180 ° in the other direction about the axis of rotation formed by the mandrel 11.
  • a relative movement between the product carrier 7 and the fan nozzles 17 is generated in a simple manner.
  • Treatment liquid can thus be injected into each of the compartments 97 and thus into each book 99 through at least one of the fan nozzles 17 and UV radiation from the UV sources 23 can reach.
  • the fan nozzles 17 are arranged on the inner wall of the container 3 in such a way that the treatment liquid is injected along planes which run parallel to the direction of extension of the mandrel.
  • the compartments of treatment liquid that are injected from the fan nozzles 17 in the direction of the books 99 run parallel to the bound edges 103 and the paper pages 101, which enables particularly intensive contact and thus particularly effective cleaning of the paper.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross section through the container 3 'of an alternative embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • the container 3 ' is essentially cuboid, so that a rectangular cross section results.
  • the cuboid-shaped goods carrier 7 comprises a plurality of dividing surfaces 95 so that a plurality of books 99 can be accommodated.
  • the device further comprises nozzle holders 105, on each of which a plurality of fan nozzles 17 and UV light sources 23 are attached.
  • the nozzle assemblies 105 are horizontally displaceable so that the goods carrier 7 and the fan nozzles 17 can be moved relative to one another.
  • the treatment liquid is injected through the fan nozzles 17 in the direction of the fanned-out side of the books 99 in order to contact the paper intensively.
  • the device further comprises second nozzle assemblies 107, to each of which fan nozzles 109 are attached. With the aid of the fan nozzles 109, treatment liquid can flow onto the bound edge 103 of the books 99 in order to clean the back of the bound edges 103, ie the book spine, even more effectively.
  • the container 3 'with the internals is at points A, B, C, D and E corresponding to the in Figure 2
  • the device 1 shown is connected to the other components, such as the pump 31 and the filter 45, and can therefore be operated accordingly in the cycle method already described above.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschreibt ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Entfernung von Verunreinigungen, einschließlich anorganischen Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Staub und Sand, und organischen Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Schimmelpilzbestandteilen, Schimmelpilzsporen und Bakterien, und zur Desinfektion, d.h. zur Verringerung der Anzahl von vermehrungsfähigen Keimen, wie z.B. Pilzen, Sporen oder Bakterien, von Archivalien, insbesondere von Archivalien in gebundener Form, wie Büchern.The present invention describes a method and a device for removing contaminants, including inorganic contaminants, such as dust and sand, and organic contaminants, such as mold components, mold spores and bacteria, and for disinfection, ie to reduce the number of germs capable of reproduction, such as for example fungi, spores or bacteria, archival materials, in particular archival materials in bound form, such as books.

Papier und die in Papier sowie in den Einbandmaterialien enthaltenen Chemikalien, wie z.B. Klebstoffe, sind für viele Schimmelpilze ein nahezu idealer Träger und Nährboden. Ursachen für Wachstums- und Vermehrungsprozesse von Schimmelpilzen in Archiven sind vor allem staubbefallenes oder verschmutztes Archivgut, eine zu hohe relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, eine erhöhte Objektfeuchte der Archivgüter oder Havarien.Paper and the chemicals contained in paper and in the cover materials, such as adhesives, are an almost ideal carrier and breeding ground for many molds. The main causes of the growth and multiplication processes of mold in archives are dust-laden or soiled archived material, excessive relative humidity, increased object moisture in the archived material or accidents.

Durch Schimmelbefall, der nicht rechtzeitig bekämpft wird, werden zum einen Archivmitarbeiter, insbesondere Allergiker und Menschen mit geschwächtem Immunsystem, gefährdet. Zudem stellt der Schimmelbefall eine Gefahr für das Archivgut selbst dar, da die in Papier enthaltene Cellulose durch den Schimmelbefall abgebaut wird und sich somit die Festigkeit und mechanische Stabilität des Papiers stark vermindert.On the one hand, archive employees, especially allergy sufferers and people with a weakened immune system, are endangered by mold that is not combated in good time. In addition, the mold infestation represents a danger for the archival material itself, since the cellulose contained in paper is broken down by the mold infestation and thus the strength and mechanical stability of the paper is greatly reduced.

In den meisten Fällen wird heutzutage zur Schimmelbeseitigung eine intensive Trockenreinigung mit Schwämmen und Pinseln durchgeführt. Bei dieser Reinigung werden die Schimmelpilzsporen und weitere Schimmelpilzbestandteile in einer Sicherheitswerkbank mechanisch entfernt. Diese Dekontaminationsmethode gilt zwar als effektive Maßnahme zur oberflächlichen Entfernung von Schimmelpilzstrukturen. Allerdings ist die Trockenreinigung blattweise durchzuführen, so dass dieses Verfahren sehr zeitaufwendig und damit kostenintensiv ist. Nachteilig ist weiterhin, dass diese Trockenreinigung lediglich zu einer oberflächlichen Reinigung des Papiers führt. Eine Reinigung oder Desinfektion innerhalb der Papierstruktur wird damit nicht erreicht.In most cases nowadays, an intensive dry cleaning with sponges and brushes is carried out to remove mold. During this cleaning, the mold spores and other mold components are removed mechanically in a safety workbench. This method of decontamination is considered an effective measure for superficial removal of mold structures. However, the dry cleaning has to be carried out sheet by sheet, so that this process is very time-consuming and therefore costly. Another disadvantage is that this dry cleaning only leads to a superficial cleaning of the paper. A cleaning or disinfection within the paper structure is not achieved.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Schimmelpilzbekämpfung stellt eine Sterilisation durch Bestrahlung mit Gamma-Strahlen, beispielsweise Kobalt 60, oder eine Begasung mit Ethylenoxid dar. Zwar werden Schimmelpilzsporen bei einer ausreichend hohen Dosierung der Gamma-Strahlen abgetötet. Bei der Bestrahlung verliert jedoch das Schriftgut einen erheblichen Teil seiner Festigkeit. Es bedarf daher einer genauen Abschätzung des Risikos, ob sich befallene Papiere für eine Bestrahlung überhaupt eignen. Eine Begasung mit Ethylenoxid weist den Nachteil auf, dass Reste von Ethylenoxid gesundheitsschädlich und krebserregend sind.Another possibility for combating mold is sterilization by irradiation with gamma rays, for example cobalt 60, or fumigation with ethylene oxide. Mold spores are killed with a sufficiently high dose of gamma rays. When irradiated, however, the written material loses a considerable part of its strength. A precise assessment of the risk is therefore required as to whether infected papers are at all suitable for irradiation. Fumigation with ethylene oxide has the disadvantage that residues of ethylene oxide are harmful and carcinogenic.

Des Weiteren muss auch nach einer Sterilisation durch Bestrahlung mit Gamma-Strahlen oder Begasung mit Ethylenoxid stets eine mechanische Trockenreinigung des behandelten Papiers durchgeführt werden, um Ablagerung des Schimmels, Schimmelpilzsporen und andere Verschmutzungen zu entfernen. Somit stellt auch die Sterilisation durch Gamma-Bestrahlung oder Begasung mit Ethylenoxid kein schnelles und kostengünstiges Verfahren zur Entschimmelung von Archivgütern dar.Furthermore, mechanical dry cleaning of the treated paper must always be carried out after sterilization by irradiation with gamma rays or fumigation with ethylene oxide in order to remove deposits of mold, mold spores and other soiling. Thus, sterilization by gamma irradiation or gassing with ethylene oxide does not represent a quick and cost-effective process for removing mold from archived goods.

Die WO 97/26409 A1 beschreibt ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Entsäuerung von z.B. Büchern, wobei Warenträger zum Halten der Bücher und eine Behandlungsflüssigkeit relativ zueinander und parallel zum Buchrücken bewegt werden.The WO 97/26409 A1 describes a method and a device for deacidifying, for example, books, with goods carriers for holding the books and a treatment liquid being moved relative to one another and parallel to the spine of the book.

Ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Entsäuerung von Cellulosematerialen werden auch in der EP 1 245 733 A1 offenbart. Dabei wird die Behandlungsflüssigkeit nach Beendigung des Entsäuerungsvorgangs aus dem Entsäuerungsautoklaven entfernt, um die Flüssigkeit wieder aufzubereiten.A method and apparatus for deacidifying cellulosic materials are also disclosed in US Pat EP 1 245 733 A1 disclosed. In this case, the treatment liquid is removed from the deacidification autoclave after the deacidification process has ended, in order to process the liquid again.

Die US 5,120,500 A beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Entsäuerung von Büchern, bei dem die Bücher vor der eigentlichen Entsäuerung in einem Vakuum mit einer Hochfrequenz-Strahlung behandelt werden.The U.S. 5,120,500 A describes a process for deacidifying books in which the books are treated with high-frequency radiation in a vacuum before the actual deacidification.

Die US 2008/0017336 A1 beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Konservierung von Cellulosematerialien, bei dem das Cellulosematerial mit einem Stabilisierungsmittel behandelt wird, wobei das Cellulosematerial und/oder das Stabilisierungsmittel vor und/oder während der Behandlung gekühlt werden.The US 2008/0017336 A1 describes a method for preserving cellulose materials, in which the cellulose material is treated with a stabilizing agent, the cellulose material and / or the stabilizing agent being cooled before and / or during the treatment.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein einfaches, kostengünstiges und dennoch wirksames Verfahren zur Reinigung und Desinfektion von Archivgütern, wie z.B. Büchern, zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit dem Verunreinigungen und Keime nicht nur oberflächlich, sondern auch innerhalb der Papierstruktur entfernt werden. Zudem soll das Verfahren umweltfreundlich und die Belastung der mit dem Verfahren befassten Personen gering sein.It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a simple, inexpensive and yet effective method for cleaning and disinfecting archival items such as books, with which impurities and germs are removed not only on the surface but also within the paper structure. In addition, the process should be environmentally friendly and the burden on the persons involved in the procedure be low.

Diese Aufgaben werden durch das Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2 bis 11 beschrieben. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 12 bis 15 zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.These objects are achieved by the method according to claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims 2 to 11. The invention further relates to a device according to claims 12 to 15 for carrying out the method according to the invention.

In einem ersten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von Verunreinigungen und/oder zur Desinfektion von Archivalien gemäß Anspruch 1. Der Begriff "Archivalien" beschreibt Archivgüter, wie z.B. Bücher, Akten oder Einzelblätter. Insbesondere umfasst der Begriff "Archivalien" Archivalien in gebundener Form, wie z.B. Bücher, d.h. Archivgüter die jeweils eine Vielzahl von aufeinandergestapelten Papierseiten umfassen, wobei die Papierseiten entlang einer Kante miteinander verbunden sind. Insbesondere stellt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von Verunreinigung und/oder zur Desinfektion von Büchern zur Verfügung.In a first aspect, the invention relates to a method for removing contaminants and / or for disinfecting archival material according to claim 1. The term "archival material" describes archive material, such as books, files or individual sheets. In particular, the term "archival material" includes archival material in bound form, such as books, i.e. archival material each comprising a plurality of paper pages stacked one on top of the other, the paper pages being joined together along one edge. In particular, the invention provides a method for removing contamination and / or for disinfecting books.

Der Begriff "Entfernung von Verunreinigungen" umfasst die Entfernung von anorganischen Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Sand und/oder Staub, und die Entfernung von organischen Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Schimmelpilzbestandteilen, Schimmelpilzsporen, Bakterien und/oder Insekten und deren Überreste. Im Folgenden wird die Entfernung von Verunreinigungen auch Reinigung genannt. Der Begriff "Desinfektion" bezeichnet die Verringerung der Anzahl an vermehrungsfähigen Keimen, wie z.B. Pilzen, Sporen oder Bakterien, insbesondere durch Abtötung der Keime und schließt eine Sterilisation ein.The term "removal of contaminants" includes the removal of inorganic contaminants, such as sand and / or dust, and the removal of organic contaminants, such as mold components, mold spores, bacteria and / or insects and their remains. In the following, the removal of impurities is also referred to as cleaning. The term "disinfection" refers to the reduction in the number of germs capable of reproduction, such as fungi, spores or bacteria, in particular by killing the germs and includes sterilization.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird in Schritt (a) in einem Behälter wenigstens eine Archivale auf mindestens einer ebenen Warenfläche eines Warenträgers angeordnet.In the method according to the invention, in step (a) at least one archive is arranged in a container on at least one flat surface of a goods carrier.

Der Behälter ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform gasdicht schließbar, so dass weder während der Behandlung zur Reinigung und/oder Desinfektion noch während sich anschließenden optionalen Verfahrensschritten, wie z.B. einer unten beschriebenen Entsäuerung und/oder Trocknung der Archivalien, verdampfte Behandlungsflüssigkeit aus dem Behälter entweichen kann. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, da so die Kosten für die Bereitstellung der Behandlungsflüssigkeit verringert werden können und eine Belastung der Umwelt und der mit der Reinigung befassten Personen gering gehalten werden kann.In a preferred embodiment, the container can be closed in a gas-tight manner, so that evaporated treatment liquid cannot escape from the container either during the treatment for cleaning and / or disinfection or during subsequent optional process steps, such as a deacidification and / or drying of the archival material as described below. This is particularly advantageous, since in this way the costs for the provision of the treatment liquid can be reduced and pollution of the environment and of the persons involved in cleaning can be kept low.

In dem Behälter ist mindestens ein Warenträger mit wenigstens einer ebenen Warenfläche zur Aufnahme der Archivale, insbesondere von aufgefächert aufgestellten Archivalien, angeordnet. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist in dem Behälter ferner ein Dorn angeordnet, der sich vorzugsweise vom Boden des Behälters senkrecht weg erstreckt. In dieser Ausführungsform wird der Warenträger von dem Dorn gehalten und der Warenträger weist wenigstens eine, senkrecht zum Dorn verlaufende ebene Warenfläche auf, die zur Aufnahme der Archivale, insbesondere einer Mehrzahl von aufgefächert aufgestellten Archivalien, dient. Es ist auch denkbar, dass der Warenträger zwei oder drei Warenflächen zur Aufnahme einer Mehrzahl von aufgefächert aufgestellten Archivalien aufweist. Bei den Warenflächen handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ebene Flächen, die eine siebartige Struktur aufweisen, so dass eine Behandlungsflüssigkeit durch die Warenträger hindurchfließen kann. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weisen die Warenträger zudem eine Mehrzahl von Unterteilungsflächen auf, die senkrecht zu den Warenflächen verlaufen, und die Warenflächen in mehrere Abschnitte aufteilen, wobei in jedem Abschnitt eine Archivale angeordnet wird.In the container there is at least one goods carrier with at least one flat goods surface for receiving the archival items, in particular archival items set up in a fanned out manner. In a preferred embodiment, a mandrel is also arranged in the container, which mandrel preferably extends perpendicularly away from the bottom of the container. In this embodiment, the goods carrier is held by the mandrel and the goods carrier has at least one flat goods surface which runs perpendicular to the mandrel and which serves to hold the archival items, in particular a plurality of archival items set up in a fanned out manner. It is also conceivable that the goods carrier has two or three goods surfaces for receiving a plurality of archival documents arranged in a fanned out manner. The goods surfaces are preferably flat surfaces which have a sieve-like structure so that a treatment liquid can flow through the goods carriers. In a preferred embodiment, the goods carriers also have a plurality of subdivision surfaces which run perpendicular to the goods surfaces and which divide the goods surfaces into several sections, an archive being arranged in each section.

Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, dass der Warenträger aus dem Behälter entnommen werden kann, außerhalb des Behälters mit z.B. Büchern bestückt und bestückt in den Behälter eingebracht werden kann. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, da der Warenträger mit Archivalien bestückt werden kann, ohne dass eine Person in den Behälter greifen muss. Zudem kann eine Mehrzahl von Warenträgern für jeden Behälter vorgesehen sein, so dass während ein mit Archivalien bestückter Warenträger in dem Behälter ist und die Archivalien gereinigt werden, die übrigen Warenträger mit Archivalien bestückt werden können oder bereits gereinigte Archivalien aus den Warenträgern entnommen werden können.It is further preferred that the goods carrier can be removed from the container, can be equipped with e.g. books outside the container, and can be introduced into the container when equipped. This is particularly advantageous since the goods carrier can be loaded with archival documents without a person having to reach into the container. In addition, a plurality of goods carriers can be provided for each container, so that while a goods carrier equipped with archival material is in the container and the archival material is being cleaned, the remaining goods carrier can be equipped with archival material or archive material that has already been cleaned can be removed from the goods carrier.

Es ist allerdings auch denkbar, dass der Warenträger in einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform innerhalb des Behälters mit z.B. Büchern bestückt wird. Dies ist besonders bei großen Vorrichtungen vorteilhaft, da das Gewicht des mit Büchern bestückten Warenträgers so groß wäre, dass dieser nur schwierig bewegt werden könnte.However, it is also conceivable that, in a further preferred embodiment, the goods carrier is equipped with e.g. books within the container. This is particularly advantageous with large devices, since the weight of the goods carrier equipped with books would be so great that it would be difficult to move.

Handelt es sich bei der zu behandelnden Archivale um eine gebundene Archivale, so wird die Archivale vorzugsweise aufgefächert auf die Warenfläche des Warenträgers aufgestellt. Bei zu behandelnden Einzelblättern wird die Archivale mindestens an einer Kante des Einzelblatts an dem Warenträger fixiert.If the archival items to be treated are bound archival items, the archival items are preferably set up in a fanned-out manner on the goods surface of the goods carrier. In the case of single sheets to be treated, the archival is fixed to the goods carrier at least at one edge of the single sheet.

Die Archivale wird zur Reinigung und/oder Desinfektion vollständig in die Behandlungsflüssigkeit getaucht. Dazu wird nach dem Einbringen der Archivale in den Behälter über eine Öffnung des Behälters, die im unteren Behälterbereich, wie z.B. dem Boden des Behälters, angeordnet ist, Behandlungsflüssigkeit von unten in den Behälter geströmt. Dieses Befüllen wird vorzugsweise langsam durchgeführt, um ein Beschädigen der Archivale, wie ein Herausreißen von Papierseiten, durch zu hohe Scherkräfte zu vermeiden.The archival material is completely immersed in the treatment liquid for cleaning and / or disinfection. For this purpose, after the archival items have been introduced into the container, treatment liquid flows into the container from below via an opening in the container which is arranged in the lower container area, such as the bottom of the container. This filling is preferably carried out slowly in order to avoid damaging the archives, such as tearing out paper pages, by excessive shear forces.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist in dem Behälter weiterhin eine Einrichtung angeordnet, durch die die Strömungsrichtung und/oder -geschwindigkeit der in den Behälter einströmenden Behandlungsflüssigkeit gesteuert werden kann. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform, in der der Behälter einen vertikal verlaufenden Dorn und eine horizontale Warenfläche aufweist, ist die Einrichtung unterhalb des Warenträgers angeordnet, so dass Behandlungsflüssigkeit, die in den Behälter einströmt, von unten durch die Archivale hindurchströmt. Diese Anordnung ist besonders vorteilhaft, da die von unten nach oben an der Archivale vorbeifließende Strömung besonders gleichmäßig erfolgen kann und bereits ggf. auf der Oberfläche der Papierseiten festsitzende Schmutzpartikel lösen kann.In a preferred embodiment, a device is also arranged in the container by means of which the direction and / or speed of flow of the treatment liquid flowing into the container can be controlled. In a particularly preferred embodiment, in which the container has a vertically extending mandrel and a horizontal goods surface, the device is arranged below the goods carrier so that treatment liquid flowing into the container flows through the archives from below. This arrangement is particularly advantageous since the flow flowing past the archive from bottom to top can take place particularly uniformly and, if necessary, can already loosen dirt particles stuck on the surface of the paper pages.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist in dem Behälter eine parallel zu der wenigstens einen Warenfläche verlaufende, siebartige Fläche derart angeordnet, dass durch die Einrichtung einströmender Behandlungsflüssigkeit zunächst durch die siebartige Fläche strömt, bevor sie mit auf dem Warenträger angeordneten Archivalien in Kontakt kommt. Unter einer siebartigen Fläche ist eine Fläche zu verstehen, die eine Vielzahl von Öffnungen aufweist, durch die die Behandlungsflüssigkeit hindurch treten kann. Die Anordnung einer siebartigen Fläche zwischen den Archivalien und der Einrichtung zur Steuerung der Strömungsrichtung und/oder -geschwindigkeit ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Einrichtung nur eine oder wenige Öffnungen aufweist, durch die die Behandlungsflüssigkeit zentral in den Behälter einströmt. Bei entsprechender Anordnung der Öffnungen auf der siebartigen Fläche lässt sich die Strömung der Behandlungsflüssigkeit in dem Behälter so steuern, dass sich eine gleichmäßige, aufsteigende Strömung ausbildet, die entlang des Dorns aufsteigt und die Archivalien gleichmäßig durchströmt.In a further preferred embodiment, a sieve-like surface running parallel to the at least one goods surface is arranged in the container in such a way that treatment liquid flowing in through the device first flows through the sieve-like surface before it comes into contact with archival documents arranged on the goods carrier. A screen-like surface is to be understood as a surface which has a multiplicity of openings through which the treatment liquid can pass. The arrangement of a sieve-like surface between the archives and the device for controlling the direction and / or speed of flow is particularly advantageous if the device has only one or a few openings through which the treatment liquid flows centrally into the container. With an appropriate arrangement of the openings on the screen-like surface, the flow of the treatment liquid in the container can be controlled in such a way that a uniform, ascending flow is formed which rises along the mandrel and flows evenly through the archival material.

In dem Behälter ist weiterhin wenigstens eine Fächerdüse und bevorzugt eine Mehrzahl von Fächerdüsen zum Einspritzen einer Behandlungsflüssigkeit angeordnet. Der Warenträger und die Fächerdüse(n) können derart relativ zueinander bewegt werden, dass in Schritt (b) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in jede Archivale durch wenigstens eine Fächerdüse die Behandlungsflüssigkeit durch die von der gebundenen oder fixierten Kante wegweisende Seite der Archivale in Richtung der gebundenen oder fixierten Kante eingespritzt werden kann. Mit anderen Worten können entweder der Warenträger oder die Fächerdüse(n) oder der Warenträger und die Fächerdüse(n) so bewegt werden, dass jede Archivale, die auf dem Warenträger angeordnet ist, mit seiner von der gebundenen oder fixierten Kante wegweisenden Seite derart an wenigstens einer Fächerdüse vorbeigeführt werden kann, dass die von der Fächerdüse eingespritzte Behandlungsflüssigkeit im Wesentlichen parallel zu den einzelnen Seiten der Archivale in z.B. das Buch eingespritzt wird. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, da nicht lediglich die äußeren Bereiche der Seiten mit der Behandlungsflüssigkeit in Berührung kommen, sondern die Papierseiten vollständig bis hin zur Bindung kontaktiert und somit gereinigt werden.At least one fan nozzle and preferably a plurality of fan nozzles for injecting a treatment liquid are also arranged in the container. The goods carrier and the fan nozzle (s) can be moved relative to one another in such a way that, in step (b) of the method according to the invention, the treatment liquid is fed into each archive through at least one fan nozzle through the side of the archive facing away from the bound or fixed edge in the direction of the bound or fixed edge can be injected. In other words, either the goods carrier or the fan nozzle (s) or the goods carrier and the fan nozzle (s) can be moved in such a way that each archival item that is arranged on the goods carrier with its side facing away from the bound or fixed edge is at least can be guided past a fan nozzle so that the treatment liquid injected by the fan nozzle is injected essentially parallel to the individual pages of the archive into, for example, the book. This is particularly advantageous since not only the outer areas of the pages come into contact with the treatment liquid, but rather the paper pages are completely contacted up to the point of binding and are thus cleaned.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind eine Mehrzahl von Fächerdüsen an einer Innenwand des Behälters angeordnet und spritzen die Behandlungsflüssigkeit entlang von Ebenen ein, die parallel zur Erstreckungsrichtung des Dorns verlaufen. Mit anderen Worten verlaufen die Fächer von Behandlungsflüssigkeit, die aus den Fächerdüsen in Richtung der Archivalien in den Behälter eingespritzt werden parallel zu den gebundenen oder fixierten Kanten der Archivalien und den Papierseiten. Hiermit wird sichergestellt, dass die Seiten vollständig, bis hin zur Bindung gereinigt und dekontaminiert werden. Der Behälter ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform zylindrisch, die wenigstens eine Warenfläche kreisförmig und der Warenträger wird drehend um eine vom Dorn gebildete Drehachse angetrieben. In dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform lässt sich auf besonders einfache Weise die relative Bewegung des Warenträgers und der Fächerdüsen zueinander gestalten. Die Fächerdüsen können fest an der Innenwand des Behälters angeordnet sein, während der Warenträger sich um den zentral in dem Behälter angeordneten Dorn dreht. Die auf der Warenfläche angeordneten Archivalien weisen in dieser Ausführungsform mit ihren gebundenen Kanten auf die vom Dorn gebildete Drehachse. Auf diese Weise lässt sich auf besonders geringem Raum eine Mehrzahl von Archivalien gründlich reinigen. Dabei ist es bevorzugt, den Warenträger zunächst um 270° in eine Richtung und danach um 180° in die andere Richtung um die Drehachse zu drehen. Das Drehen des Warenträgers ist besonders vorteilhaft, da auf einfache Weise eine relative Bewegung zwischen dem Warenträger und den Fächerdüsen erzeugt werden kann, durch die in jedes Buch durch wenigstens eine der Fächerdüsen die Behandlungsflüssigkeit eingespritzt werden kann.In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of fan nozzles are arranged on an inner wall of the container and inject the treatment liquid along planes which run parallel to the direction of extension of the mandrel. In other words, the compartments of treatment liquid that are injected into the container from the fan nozzles in the direction of the archival material run parallel to the bound or fixed edges of the archival material and the paper pages. This ensures that the pages are completely cleaned and decontaminated right through to the binding. In a preferred embodiment, the container is cylindrical, the at least one product surface is circular, and the product carrier is driven to rotate about an axis of rotation formed by the mandrel. In this preferred embodiment, the relative movement of the goods carrier and the fan nozzles to one another can be designed in a particularly simple manner. The fan nozzles can be fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the container, while the product carrier rotates around the mandrel arranged centrally in the container. In this embodiment, the archival documents arranged on the goods surface point with their bound edges to the axis of rotation formed by the mandrel. In this way, a large number of archival documents can be thoroughly cleaned in a particularly small space. It is preferred to rotate the goods carrier first by 270 ° in one direction and then by 180 ° in the other direction about the axis of rotation. The rotation of the goods carrier is particularly advantageous because a relative movement can be generated between the goods carrier and the fan nozzles in a simple manner, through which the treatment liquid can be injected into each book through at least one of the fan nozzles.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist der Dorn Öffnungen auf, durch die Behandlungsflüssigkeit in den Innenraum des Behälters strömen kann. In dieser Ausführungsform wird also vorzugsweise die zum Dorn hin weisende Rückseite der gebundenen Kante der Archivalien, also z.B. der Buchrücken, mit Behandlungsflüssigkeit angeströmt. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders intensive Kontaktierung und somit Reinigung der Buchrücken.In a further embodiment, the mandrel has openings through which the treatment liquid can flow into the interior of the container. In this embodiment, the back of the bound edge of the archival material facing the mandrel, e.g. the spine of the book, is preferably exposed to treatment liquid. This enables particularly intensive contact and thus cleaning of the book spine.

Um eine größere Anzahl von Archivalien zu reinigen, ist es alternativ bevorzugt, dass die wenigstens eine Warenfläche rechteckig ausgebildet ist und dass die Fächerdüsen horizontal verschiebbar angetrieben sind. Es ist bevorzugt, dass die Warenfläche erheblich länger als breit ist, wobei die Breite so gewählt wird, dass sie in etwa der Tiefe einer aufgefächert aufgestellten Archivale entspricht. Die gebundenen oder fixierten Kanten der Archivale weisen dabei jeweils zu einer der beiden längeren Außenseiten der Warenfläche. Es ist besonders bevorzugt, die Archivalien so anzuordnen, dass bei nebeneinander aufgestellten Archivalien die gebundenen Kanten zu gegenüberliegenden Außenkanten der Warenfläche weisen. Die Fächerdüsen werden in dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform an dem Warenträger vorbeigeführt, der selber ruht. Diese Ausführungsform ist besonders vorteilhaft, da sie es erlaubt, die Größe des Behälters und der Warenfläche beliebig groß zu wählen, so dass auch große Anzahlen von Archivalien gleichzeitig gereinigt werden können. Gleichzeitig sind nur wenige Fächerdüsen notwendig, da diese entlang der längeren Seite der Warenfläche entlang verschoben werden können und auf diese Weise mit wenigen Fächerdüsen viele Archivalien behandelt werden können.In order to clean a larger number of archival documents, it is alternatively preferred that the at least one goods surface is rectangular and that the fan nozzles are driven to be horizontally displaceable. It is preferred that the surface of the goods is considerably longer than it is wide, the width being selected so that it corresponds approximately to the depth of an archive store set up fanned out. The bound or fixed edges of the archives each point to one of the two longer outer sides of the goods surface. It's special it is preferred to arrange the archival material in such a way that when the archival material is placed side by side, the bound edges point to opposite outer edges of the goods surface. In this preferred embodiment, the fan nozzles are guided past the goods carrier, which is itself at rest. This embodiment is particularly advantageous because it allows the size of the container and the goods surface to be chosen as large as desired, so that large numbers of archival documents can also be cleaned at the same time. At the same time, only a few fan nozzles are necessary, as these can be shifted along the longer side of the goods surface and in this way many archival documents can be handled with a few fan nozzles.

In Schritt (c) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zumindest ein Teil der Behandlungsflüssigkeit nach dem Kontaktieren des Papiers aus dem Behälter abgeführt. Zu diesem Zweck weist der Behälter vorzugsweise eine Öffnung auf, die besonders bevorzugt im Bereich des Bodens des Behälters angeordnet ist.In step (c) of the method according to the invention, at least part of the treatment liquid is removed from the container after contacting the paper. For this purpose, the container preferably has an opening which is particularly preferably arranged in the area of the bottom of the container.

Die abgeführte Behandlungsflüssigkeit wird z.B. mit Hilfe einer Kreislaufpumpe zu einer Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Feststoffen, einem Filter, geführt, in der in Schritt (d) die aus dem Papier entfernten Verunreinigungen und/oder Keime aus der Behandlungsflüssigkeit entfernt werden, um eine regenerierte Behandlungsflüssigkeit bereitzustellen. Die Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Feststoffen ist geeignet, Feststoffe mit einer Partikelgröße von weniger als 0,5 µm, wie z.B. 0,01 bis 0,5 µm oder 0,001 bis 0,5 µm zu entfernen. Die Partikelgröße wird insbesondere mittels Laserdiffraktometrie gemessen.The removed treatment liquid is fed, for example with the aid of a circulation pump, to a device for separating solids, a filter, in which in step (d) the impurities and / or germs removed from the paper are removed from the treatment liquid in order to provide a regenerated treatment liquid . The apparatus for separating solids is suitable for removing solids with a particle size of less than 0.5 µm, such as 0.01 to 0.5 µm or 0.001 to 0.5 µm. The particle size is measured in particular by means of laser diffractometry.

Als Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Feststoffen wird ein Filter verwendet. Der Filter weist eine Maschenweite von weniger als 0,5 µm auf, wie z.B. 0,01 bis 0,5 µm oder 0,001 bis 0,5 µm. Der Begriff "Maschenweite" bezeichnet dabei die Größe der Öffnungen des Filters. Eine derartige Maschenweite ist besonders vorteilhaft, da auf diese Art selbst kleine Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Staubkörner, und insbesondere auch Schimmelpilzsporen abgetrennt werden können, die ansonsten wieder in das Papier der Archivalien eingetragen werden würden und dort selbst nach langen Ruhepausen wieder aktiv werden und somit wieder zu einem Schimmelbefall führen könnten.A filter is used as a device for separating solids. The filter has a mesh size of less than 0.5 µm, such as 0.01 to 0.5 µm or 0.001 to 0.5 µm. The term "mesh size" refers to the size of the openings in the filter. Such a mesh size is special This is advantageous because even small impurities, such as grains of dust, and especially mold spores can be separated off, which would otherwise be entered back into the paper of the archival documents and become active again even after long breaks and thus lead to mold infestation again .

Besonders bevorzugt wird als Filter in Schritt (d) ein Partikelfilter, wie z.B. Membranfilter, verwendet. Vorzugsweise weist der Membranfilter eine Porengröße von weniger als 0,5 µm, wie z.B. 0,01 bis 0,5 µm oder 0,001 bis 0,5 µm, auf. Der Begriff "Porengröße" bezeichnet dabei die nominale Porengröße eines Membranfilters, d.h. das Maximum in der durch Quecksilberporosimetrie ermittelten Porengrößenverteilungskurve.A particle filter, such as a membrane filter, is particularly preferably used as the filter in step (d). Preferably the membrane filter has a pore size of less than 0.5 µm, such as 0.01 to 0.5 µm or 0.001 to 0.5 µm. The term "pore size" denotes the nominal pore size of a membrane filter, i.e. the maximum in the pore size distribution curve determined by mercury porosimetry.

In Schritt (e) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die regenerierte Behandlungsflüssigkeit in den Behälter zurückgeführt. Vorzugsweise wird die regenerierte Behandlungsflüssigkeit über die Fächerdüse(n) und/oder ggf. den Hohlraumdorn in den Behälter zurückgeführt.In step (e) of the method according to the invention, the regenerated treatment liquid is returned to the container. The regenerated treatment liquid is preferably returned to the container via the fan nozzle (s) and / or possibly the hollow mandrel.

Vorzugsweise erfolgt beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren das Kontaktieren der Archivale mit Behandlungsflüssigkeit in Schritt (b), das Abführen von Behandlungsflüssigkeit in Schritt (c), das Abtrennen von Feststoffen in Schritt (d) und das Rückführen der regenerierten Behandlungsflüssigkeit in den Behälter in Schritt (e) kontinuierlich. Mit anderen Worten werden die Schritte (b) bis (e) parallel, d.h. gleichzeitig, durchgeführt. Dadurch kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren besonders wirtschaftlich ohne lange Rüstzeiten in einem Kreislaufverfahren betrieben werden.In the method according to the invention, the archival materials are preferably contacted with treatment liquid in step (b), treatment liquid is removed in step (c), solids are separated off in step (d) and the regenerated treatment liquid is returned to the container in step (e). continuously. In other words, steps (b) to (e) are carried out in parallel, i.e. simultaneously. As a result, the process according to the invention can be operated in a cycle process particularly economically without long setup times.

Die in dem Verfahren eingesetzte Behandlungsflüssigkeit enthält eine Trägersubstanz und ggf. ein Desinfektionsmittel.The treatment liquid used in the process contains a carrier substance and possibly a disinfectant.

Die Trägersubstanz umfasst ein Lösungsmittel, das (i) eine Oberflächenspannung von weniger als 0,072 N/m, vorzugsweise weniger als 0,020 N/m, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 0,015 N/m, wie z.B. 0,010 bis 0,020 N/m, (ii) eine Polarität von weniger als 150 kJ/mol, wie 20 bis 150 kJ/mol oder 30 bis 40 kJ/mol, auf der ET(30)-Skala und/oder (iii) einen Siedepunkt von weniger als 100 °C, vorzugsweise weniger als 70°C, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 60°C, wie 50 bis 60°C aufweist.The carrier substance comprises a solvent which (i) has a surface tension of less than 0.072 N / m, preferably less than 0.020 N / m, particularly preferably less than 0.015 N / m, such as 0.010 to 0.020 N / m, (ii) a Polarity of less than 150 kJ / mol, such as 20 to 150 kJ / mol or 30 to 40 kJ / mol, on the E T (30) scale and / or (iii) a boiling point of less than 100 ° C, preferably less than 70 ° C, particularly preferably less than 60 ° C, such as 50 to 60 ° C.

Die Oberflächenspannung wird bei Raumtemperatur und Umgebungsdruck insbesondere mit Hilfe des Kapillareffekts gemessen. Zur Messung der Steighöhe in der Kapillare eignet sich beispielsweise ein Kathetometer. Der Siedepunkt wird bei einem Normdruck von 1,01325 bar bestimmt.The surface tension is measured at room temperature and ambient pressure, in particular with the help of the capillary effect. A cathetometer, for example, is suitable for measuring the height of rise in the capillary. The boiling point is determined at a standard pressure of 1.01325 bar.

Vorzugsweise umfasst die Trägersubstanz ein Lösungsmittel, das Eigenschaften (i) bis (iii) aufweist.The carrier substance preferably comprises a solvent which has properties (i) to (iii).

Besonders bevorzugt ist das Lösungsmittel ein Alkan oder fluoriertes Alkan mit einer molaren Masse von mehr als 72 g/mol, wie 72 bis 300 g/mol, und ist vorzugsweise ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Pentan, Hexan, Heptan, Decafluorpentan und Mischungen davon.The solvent is particularly preferably an alkane or fluorinated alkane with a molar mass of more than 72 g / mol, such as 72 to 300 g / mol, and is preferably selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, heptane, decafluoropentane and mixtures thereof .

Weiterhin ist es besonders bevorzugt, dass das Lösungsmittel 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-Decafluorpentan ist.Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the solvent is 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane.

Derartige Lösungsmittel weisen den Vorteil auf, dass sie sehr gut in die üblichen Papierstrukturen eindringen können, um dort Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Staub, Sand, Pilzsporen oder Bakterien zu entfernen, und anschließend rückstandsfrei aus dem Papier wieder entfernt werden können.Such solvents have the advantage that they can penetrate the usual paper structures very well in order to remove contaminants such as dust, sand, fungal spores or bacteria, and can then be removed from the paper without leaving any residue.

Ist nicht nur eine Reinigung der Archivalien gewünscht, sondern soll ein akuter Schimmelbefall behandelt werden, umfasst die Behandlungsflüssigkeit zusätzlich zu der Trägersubstanz in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ein Desinfektionsmittel. Es ist bevorzugt, dass das Desinfektionsmittel in der Trägersubstanz löslich ist und bevorzugt ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Methanol, Ethanol, Isopropanol und Mischungen davon.If not only a cleaning of the archive material is desired, but an acute mold infestation is to be treated, the treatment liquid comprises a disinfectant in addition to the carrier substance in a preferred embodiment. It is preferred that the disinfectant is soluble in the carrier substance and is preferably selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and mixtures thereof.

Alles in allem wird die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe somit durch ein Verfahren gelöst, bei dem vorzugsweise eine Mehrzahl von Archivalien aufgefächert aufgestellt wird und mit einer Behandlungsflüssigkeit kontaktiert wird, wobei die kontaminierte Behandlungsflüssigkeit anschließend durch Filtration regeneriert wird und für weitere Reinigungszwecke zurückgeführt wird. Mithin wird ein kostengünstiges Verfahren zur Verfügung gestellt, bei dem in relativ kurzer Zeit und platzsparend eine Vielzahl von Archivalien, wie z.B. Büchern, gereinigt und von Schimmelpilzen und anderen Keimen befreit werden kann.All in all, the object on which the invention is based is thus achieved by a method in which a plurality of archival documents are preferably fanned out and contacted with a treatment liquid, the contaminated treatment liquid then being regenerated by filtration and returned for further cleaning purposes. As a result, a cost-effective method is made available in which a large number of archival documents, such as books, can be cleaned and freed from mold and other germs in a relatively short time and in a space-saving manner.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird im Anschluss an das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Reinigung und/oder Desinfektion ein Verfahren zur Entsäuerung der Archivalien durchgeführt. Dazu verbleiben die Archivalien nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorzugsweise in dem Behälter und Schritt (b) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird mit einer Behandlungsflüssigkeit durchgeführt, die mindestens einen Entsäuerungswirkstoff enthält.In a further preferred embodiment, following the method according to the invention for cleaning and / or disinfection, a method for deacidifying the archival material is carried out. For this purpose, the archival documents according to the method according to the invention preferably remain in the container and step (b) of the method according to the invention is carried out with a treatment liquid which contains at least one deacidifying agent.

Mithin kann durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren nicht nur eine Reinigung und/oder Desinfektion von Archivalien, sondern auch eine Entsäuerung der Archivalien erreicht werden.The method according to the invention can therefore not only achieve cleaning and / or disinfection of archival material, but also deacidification of the archival material.

Der Entsäuerungswirkstoff ist vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallverbindungen und insbesondere aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Magnesiumoxid, Magnesiumcarbonat, Magnesiumhydrogencarbonat, Magnesiumhydroxid, Calciumoxid, Calciumcarbonat, Calciumhydrogencarbonat, Calciumhydroxid, Bariumoxid, Bariumcarbonat, Bariumhydrogencarbonat, Bariumhydroxid, Natriumhydroxid, Natriumhydrogencarbonat, Natriumcarbonat, Kaliumhydroxid, Kaliumhydrogencarbonat, Kaliumcarbonat und Mischungen davon.The deacidifying agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal compounds and in particular from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium hydroxide, barium oxide, barium carbonate, barium hydrogen carbonate, barium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen hydroxide, sodium hydroxide , Potassium hydroxide, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate and mixtures thereof.

Des Weiteren ist es für eine Entsäuerung der Archivalien vorteilhaft, wenn die Archivalien mit einem Gas kontaktiert werden, während diese mit der Behandlungsflüssigkeit in Kontakt sind. Dazu sind in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform Gasausströmer derart unterhalb des Warenträgers angeordnet, dass aus den Gasausströmern ausströmendes Gas durch die aufgefächert aufgestellten Bücher hindurch strömt. Gasausströmer vorzusehen ist besonders vorteilhaft, da das ausströmende Gas mit der Behandlungsflüssigkeit wechselwirken kann, und auf diese Weise die Bücher noch gründlicher entsäuert werden können. Bei geeigneter Anordnung der Gasausströmer wird zudem die durch die Bücher hindurch fließende Strömung verstärkt, so dass zusätzlich verhindert wird, dass sich in der Behandlungsflüssigkeit befindliche Partikel auf der Oberfläche der zu entsäuernden Buchseiten ablagert.Furthermore, it is advantageous for deacidification of the archive material if the archive material is contacted with a gas while it is in contact with the treatment liquid. For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment, gas vents are arranged below the goods carrier in such a way that gas flowing out of the gas vents flows through the books that have been fanned out. Providing gas outlets is particularly advantageous since the outflowing gas can interact with the treatment liquid, and in this way the books can be deacidified even more thoroughly. With a suitable arrangement of the gas outlets, the flow flowing through the books is also increased so that particles in the treatment liquid are also prevented from being deposited on the surface of the book pages to be deacidified.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird im Anschluss an das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Reinigung und/oder Entfernung von Keimen oder ggf. im Anschluss an die Entsäuerung eine Trocknung der Archivalien durchgeführt. Bevorzugt wird diese Trocknung in dem Behälter selbst durchgeführt. In einer Ausführungsform ist der in dem Behälter angeordnete Dorn hohl und weist eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen auf, durch die Gas zum Trocknen der Archivalien in den Behälter einströmen kann. Es ist denkbar, dass diese Öffnungen verschlossen werden können, wenn der Behälter mit einer Behandlungsflüssigkeit gefüllt ist. Es ist auch denkbar, dass der Dorn direkt an ein Heißluftgebläse angeschlossen ist, das warme beziehungsweise heiße Luft durch den Dorn zum Trocknen der Archivalien in den Behälter blasen kann. Besonders bevorzugt wird zum Trocknen warmes Gas, wie warme Luft, durch die Fächerdüse(n), den Hohldorn und die Öffnung im unteren Bereich des Behälters zugeführt, über die die Behandlungsflüssigkeit in den Behälter geströmt ist.In a further preferred embodiment, following the method according to the invention for cleaning and / or removing germs or optionally following the deacidification, the archival material is dried. Prefers this drying is carried out in the container itself. In one embodiment, the mandrel arranged in the container is hollow and has a plurality of openings through which gas for drying the archival material can flow into the container. It is conceivable that these openings can be closed when the container is filled with a treatment liquid. It is also conceivable that the mandrel is connected directly to a hot air blower that can blow warm or hot air through the mandrel to dry the archival material into the container. For drying, warm gas, such as warm air, is particularly preferably supplied through the fan nozzle (s), the hollow mandrel and the opening in the lower region of the container, through which the treatment liquid has flowed into the container.

Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Die Vorrichtung umfasst

  • einen Behälter mit mindestens einer Öffnung zum Einbringen einer Behandlungsflüssigkeit und mindestens einer Öffnung zum Abführen der Behandlungsflüssigkeit, wobei in dem Behälter ein Warenträger mit mindestens einer ebenen Warenfläche zur Aufnahme von wenigstens einer Archivale angeordnet ist,
  • wenigstens eine Fächerdüse zum Einspritzen einer Behandlungsflüssigkeit zur Reinigung und/oder Desinfektion der Archivale, wobei die Behandlungsflüssigkeit eine wie oben beschriebene Trägersubstanz enthält,
  • wobei der Warenträger und die wenigstens eine Fächerdüse derart relativ zueinander bewegt werden können, dass in jede Archivale durch wenigstens eine Fächerdüse die Behandlungsflüssigkeit durch die von einer gebundenen oder fixierten Kante der Archivale wegweisende, aufgefächerte Seite der Archivale in Richtung der gebundenen oder fixierten Kante eingespritzt wird, um das Papier der Archivalien zu kontaktieren,
  • eine Pumpe, dessen Saugseite mit der mindestens einen Öffnung des Behälters zum Abführen von Behandlungsflüssigkeit verbunden ist und dessen Druckseite mit der mindestens einen Öffnung des Behälters zum Einbringen von Behandlungsflüssigkeit verbunden ist, um aus dem Behälter abgeführte Behandlungsflüssigkeit zu dem Behälter zurückzuführen, und
  • eine Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von aus Archivalien herausgelösten Feststoff-Verunreinigungen, die zwischen der mindestens einen Öffnung des Behälters zum Abführen von Behandlungsflüssigkeit und der Saugseite der Pumpe und/oder zwischen der Druckseite der Pumpe und der mindestens einen Öffnung des Behälters zum Einbringen von Behandlungsflüssigkeit angeordnet ist, um aus Archivalien herausgelöste Feststoff-Verunreinigungen aus der zurückgeführten Behandlungsflüssigkeit zu entfernen, wobei die Vorrichtung ein Filter mit einer Maschenweite von weniger als 0,5 µm ist.
According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a device for performing the method according to the invention. The device comprises
  • a container with at least one opening for introducing a treatment liquid and at least one opening for discharging the treatment liquid, wherein a goods carrier with at least one flat goods surface for receiving at least one archive is arranged in the container,
  • at least one fan nozzle for injecting a treatment liquid for cleaning and / or disinfecting the archival items, the treatment liquid containing a carrier substance as described above,
  • wherein the goods carrier and the at least one fan nozzle can be moved relative to each other in such a way that the treatment liquid is injected into each archive through at least one fan nozzle through the fanned out side of the archive facing away from a bound or fixed edge of the archive in the direction of the bound or fixed edge to contact the paper of the archival records,
  • a pump whose suction side is connected to the at least one opening of the container for discharging treatment liquid and whose pressure side is connected to the at least one opening of the container for introducing treatment liquid in order to return treatment liquid discharged from the container to the container, and
  • a device for separating solid contaminants released from archival material, which is arranged between the at least one opening of the container for discharging treatment liquid and the suction side of the pump and / or between the pressure side of the pump and the at least one opening of the container for introducing treatment liquid in order to remove solid contaminants dissolved out of archival material from the returned treatment liquid, the device being a filter with a mesh size of less than 0.5 μm.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Vorrichtung werden oben im Zusammenhang mit der Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens beschrieben.Preferred embodiments of the device are described above in connection with the presentation of the method according to the invention.

Beispielsweise ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung vorzugsweise dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter einen Dorn aufweist und die Mehrzahl der aufgefächert aufgestellten Archivalien auf mindestens einer, senkrecht zum Dorn verlaufenden, ebenen Warenfläche des Warenträgers angeordnet werden, wobei der Warenträger von dem Dorn gehalten wird.For example, the device according to the invention is preferably characterized in that the container has a mandrel and the majority of the fanned out archival documents are arranged on at least one flat goods surface of the goods carrier running perpendicular to the mandrel, the goods carrier being held by the mandrel.

Auch ist es bevorzugt, dass die Behandlungsflüssigkeit in dieser Ausführungsform vornehmlich entlang von Ebenen eingespritzt wird, die parallel zur Erstreckungsrichtung des Dorns verlaufen.It is also preferred that the treatment liquid in this embodiment is primarily injected along planes which run parallel to the direction of extension of the mandrel.

Wie oben beschrieben, können der Behälter zylindrisch und die wenigstens eine Warenfläche kreisförmig ausgebildet sein und der Warenträger drehend um eine vom Dorn gebildete Drehachse angetrieben sein, um auf eine besonders einfache Weise die relative Bewegung des Warenträgers und der Fächerdüsen zueinander zu gestalten. Alternativ können die wenigstens eine Warenfläche rechteckig ausgebildet sein und die Fächerdüsen horizontal verschiebbar angetrieben sein, um eine größere Anzahl von Archivalien zu reinigen.As described above, the container can be cylindrical and the at least one product surface circular and the product carrier can be driven to rotate about an axis of rotation formed by the mandrel in order to configure the relative movement of the product carrier and the fan nozzles to one another in a particularly simple manner. Alternatively, the at least one product surface can be rectangular and the fan nozzles horizontal be displaceably driven in order to clean a larger number of archive materials.

Die Erfindung betrifft somit auch die Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Reinigung und/oder Desinfektion, insbesondere zur Entfernung von Schimmelpilzen und Schimmelpilzsporen, von Archivalien in gebundener Form, wie Büchern.The invention thus also relates to the use of a device according to the invention for cleaning and / or disinfecting, in particular for removing mold and mold spores, from archival materials in bound form, such as books.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von lediglich bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele zeigenden Zeichnungen erläutert, wobei

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Querschnitt durch den Behälter eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zeigt,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Ansicht des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels zeigt,
Fig. 3
einen weiteren schematischen Querschnitt durch den Behälter des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels zeigt und
Fig. 4
eine schematische Ansicht des Behälters eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zeigt.
The present invention is explained below with reference to drawings showing only preferred exemplary embodiments, wherein
Fig. 1
shows a schematic cross section through the container of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
shows a schematic view of the first embodiment,
Fig. 3
shows a further schematic cross section through the container of the first embodiment and
Fig. 4
shows a schematic view of the container of a second embodiment of a device according to the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen in einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 verwendeten Behälters 3 zur Entfernung von Verunreinigungen und zur Desinfektion von Archivalien. Die Vorrichtung 1 umfasst in der in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform einen zylindrischen Behälter 3 mit einem Deckel 5 zum gasdichten Verschließen des Behälters 3. Der Behälter 3 umfasst in seinem Inneren einen Warenträger 7 mit einer Vielzahl von schlitzförmigen Öffnungen 8, der einfach nach Entfernen des Deckels 5 in den Behälter 3 eingebracht werden kann. Der Warenträger 7 weist ferner zwei Warenflächen 9 auf, auf denen jeweils eine Mehrzahl von aufgefächert aufgestellten Archivalien angeordnet werden können. Des Weiteren ist in dem Behälter 3 ein Dorn 11 angeordnet, der sich vom Boden des Behälters 3 senkrecht weg erstreckt und mit der Achse des zylinderförmigen Behälters 3 zusammenfällt. Der vertikal verlaufende Dorn 11 ist als Hohldorn ausgestaltet und weist eine Vielzahl von nicht dargestellten Öffnungen auf. Ferner weist der Dorn 11 eine Mehrzahl von Halterungen 13 auf, mit denen der Warenträger 7 in dem Behälter 3 gehalten wird. Die Warenflächen 9 sind als ebene Flächen ausgestaltet, die eine siebartige Struktur 15 aufweisen, so dass Behandlungsflüssigkeit durch die Warenflächen 9 und somit den Warenträger 7 hindurchfließen kann. An der Innenwand des Behälters 3 ist weiterhin eine Mehrzahl von Fächerdüsen 17 zum Einspritzen von Behandlungsflüssigkeit in den Behälter 3 angeordnet. Der Behälter 3 umfasst des Weiteren eine erste Behälteröffnung 19 im Bereich des Bodens des Behälters 3 auf, über die Behandlungsflüssigkeit in den Behälter 3 eingebracht und entnommen werden kann. Ferner weist der Behälter 3 eine zweite Behälteröffnung 20 und eine dritte Behälteröffnung 21 auf, die gasdicht mit dem Innenraum des Hohldorns 11 verbunden sind, um Flüssigkeiten und/oder Gase in den Hohldorn zu leiten. Beispielsweise dient Öffnung 20 dazu, Behandlungsflüssigkeit in den Hohldorn 11 zu leiten, während Öffnung 21 dazu dient, Inertgas in den Hohldorn 11 zu leiten, was z.B. bei einem optionalen Entsäuerungsschritt vorteilhaft sein kann. Direkt oberhalb der Öffnung 19 ist eine Einrichtung 22 angeordnet, durch die die Strömungsrichtung der in den Behälter 3 einströmenden Behandlungsflüssigkeit gesteuert werden kann. Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-section through a container 3 used in a device 1 according to the invention for removing contaminants and for disinfecting archival materials. The device 1 comprises in the in Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, a cylindrical container 3 with a lid 5 for gas-tight closure of the container 3. The interior of the container 3 comprises a goods carrier 7 with a plurality of slot-shaped openings 8, which are simply introduced into the container 3 after removing the lid 5 can be. The goods carrier 7 also has two goods surfaces 9, on each of which a plurality of archive documents can be arranged. Furthermore, a mandrel 11 is arranged in the container 3, which mandrel 11 extends perpendicularly away from the bottom of the container 3 and coincides with the axis of the cylindrical container 3. The vertically extending mandrel 11 is designed as a hollow mandrel and has a plurality of openings, not shown. Furthermore, the mandrel 11 has a plurality of holders 13 with which the goods carrier 7 is held in the container 3. The goods surfaces 9 are designed as flat surfaces which have a sieve-like structure 15 so that treatment liquid can flow through the goods surfaces 9 and thus the goods carrier 7. A plurality of fan nozzles 17 for injecting treatment liquid into the container 3 are also arranged on the inner wall of the container 3. The container 3 further comprises a first container opening 19 in the area of the bottom of the container 3, via which the treatment liquid can be introduced into the container 3 and removed. Furthermore, the container 3 has a second container opening 20 and a third container opening 21, which are connected in a gas-tight manner to the interior of the hollow mandrel 11 in order to conduct liquids and / or gases into the hollow mandrel. For example, opening 20 serves to direct treatment liquid into hollow mandrel 11, while opening 21 serves to direct inert gas into hollow mandrel 11, which can be advantageous, for example, in an optional deacidification step. Arranged directly above the opening 19 is a device 22 by means of which the direction of flow of the treatment liquid flowing into the container 3 can be controlled.

Außerdem sind an der Innenwand des Behälters 3 drei UV-Lichtquellen 23 angeordnet, von denen in Figur 1 zur besseren Übersicht lediglich eine gezeigt ist. Die UV-Lichtquelle 23 dient zum Bestrahlen der in dem Behälter 3 angeordneten Archivalien mit UV-Licht zur Reduzierung der Anzahl von vermehrungsfähigen Keimen, insbesondere Bakterien. Die UV-Lichtquelle 23 erstreckt sich im Wesentlichen über die gesamte vertikale Länge des zylinderförmigen Behälters 3. Weiterhin ist im Inneren des Dornes 11 eine Ultraschallquelle 25 angeordnet, mit Hilfe derer das Herauslösen von Verunreinigungen aus der Papierstruktur und somit die Reinigungswirkung weiter verstärkt wird.In addition, three UV light sources 23 are arranged on the inner wall of the container 3, of which in FIG Figure 1 only one is shown for a better overview. The UV light source 23 is used to irradiate the archival material arranged in the container 3 with UV light to reduce the number of germs capable of reproduction, especially bacteria. The UV light source 23 extends essentially over the entire vertical length of the cylindrical container 3. Furthermore, an ultrasound source 25 is arranged in the interior of the mandrel 11, with the aid of which the removal of impurities from the paper structure and thus the cleaning effect is further enhanced.

Die Anwendung von UV-Lichtquelle(n) 23 und Ultraschallquelle(n) 25 ist erfindungsgemäß nicht auf das konkrete, in Figur 1 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Weiterhin sind weder die Form noch die Anordnung der UV-Lichtquelle (n) 23 und Ultraschallquelle(n) 25 auf die in Figur 1 gezeigte Formen und Anordnungen beschränkt.The application of UV light source (s) 23 and ultrasound source (s) 25 is not, according to the invention, limited to the specific, in Figure 1 Shown embodiment limited. Furthermore, neither the shape nor the arrangement of the UV light source (s) 23 and ultrasonic source (s) 25 are dependent on the in Figure 1 Shown shapes and arrangements limited.

Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Vorrichtung 1 umfasst weiterhin eine vierte Behälteröffnung 26, die z.B. dem Abführen von Gasen, wie Inertgas oder Abluft während eines Trocknungsschrittes, dienen kann, und eine Antriebseinheit 27, um den Dorn 11 und den damit verbundenen Warenträger 7 in eine Rotationsbewegung zu versetzen.In the Figure 1 The device 1 shown further comprises a fourth container opening 26, which can be used, for example, to discharge gases such as inert gas or exhaust air during a drying step, and a drive unit 27 to set the mandrel 11 and the associated goods carrier 7 in a rotational movement.

Figur 2 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht des in Figur 1 dargestellten Behälters 3 mit weiteren Komponenten der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1. Die Behälteröffnung 19 ist über eine Leitung 29 mit einer Pumpe 31 verbunden, wobei zwischen der Öffnung 19 und der Pumpe 31 ferner ein Verzweigungspunkt 33, ein UV-Filter 35, ein Ventil 37 und ein Verzweigungspunkt 39 angeordnet sind. Die Pumpe 31 ist über eine Leitung 41, in der ein Ventil 43 angeordnet ist, mit einem Filter 45 verbunden. Der Filter 45 ist über Leitung 47 mit einem Ventil 49 verbunden, wobei in der Leitung 47 ein Verzweigungspunkt 51 angeordnet ist. Die Verzweigungspunkte 39 und 51 sind über eine Leitung 52, ein Ventil 53, einen Verzweigungspunkt 55 und ein Ventil 57 miteinander verbunden. An dem Verzweigungspunkt 55 ist ein Vorratsbehälter 59 für Behandlungsflüssigkeit angeschlossen. Ferner ist der Verzweigungspunkt 51 über das Ventil 49 mit einem Verzweigungspunkt 61 verbunden. Der Verzweigungspunkt 61 ist zum einen über Leitung 63 mit einem Verzweigungspunkt 65 verbunden, wobei in der Leitung 63 ein Ventil 67 angeordnet ist. Von dem Verzweigungspunkt 65 erstreckt sich eine Vielzahl von Leitungen 69 zu den einzelnen Fächerdüsen 17 des Behälters 3. Zum anderen ist der Verzweigungspunkt 61 über eine Leitung 71 und ein Ventil 73 mit Verzweigungspunkt 75 verbunden. Der Verzweigungspunkt 75 ist über eine Leitung 77 und ein Ventil 79 mit der zweiten Behälteröffnung 20 verbunden. Ferner ist Verzweigungspunkt 75 über eine Leitung 81 mit Verzweigungspunkt 83 verbunden, der wiederum über eine Leitung 85 und ein Ventil 87 mit Verzweigungspunkt 33 verbunden ist. Ein Kompressor 89 ist über eine Leitung 91, in der ein Ventil 93 angeordnet ist, mit Verzweigungspunkt 83 verbunden. Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the in Figure 1 shown container 3 with further components of the device according to the invention 1. The container opening 19 is connected via a line 29 to a pump 31, wherein between the opening 19 and the pump 31 also a branch point 33, a UV filter 35, a valve 37 and a Branch point 39 are arranged. The pump 31 is connected to a filter 45 via a line 41 in which a valve 43 is arranged. The filter 45 is connected to a valve 49 via line 47, a branch point 51 being arranged in the line 47. The branch points 39 and 51 are via a line 52, a valve 53, a branch point 55 and a Valve 57 interconnected. A storage container 59 for treatment liquid is connected to the branch point 55. Furthermore, the branch point 51 is connected to a branch point 61 via the valve 49. The branch point 61 is connected to a branch point 65 via line 63, a valve 67 being arranged in the line 63. A plurality of lines 69 extend from the branch point 65 to the individual fan nozzles 17 of the container 3. On the other hand, the branch point 61 is connected to branch point 75 via a line 71 and a valve 73. The branch point 75 is connected to the second container opening 20 via a line 77 and a valve 79. Furthermore, branch point 75 is connected via a line 81 to branch point 83, which in turn is connected via a line 85 and a valve 87 to branch point 33. A compressor 89 is connected to branch point 83 via a line 91 in which a valve 93 is arranged.

Zum Befüllen des Behälters 3 mit Behandlungsflüssigkeit wird Ventil 53 geöffnet, so dass Behandlungsflüssigkeit aus dem Vorratsbehälter 59 über die Verzweigungspunkte 55 und 39 zur Pumpe 31 strömen kann. Ferner sind zum Befüllen die Ventile 43, 49, 73 und 87 geöffnet, so dass die Behandlungsflüssigkeit mit Hilfe der Pumpe 31 durch den Filter 45 strömt und anschließend über die Behälteröffnung 19 in das Innere des Behälters 3 einströmt. Die Einrichtung 22 sorgt dafür, dass die einströmende Behandlungsflüssigkeit gleichmäßig und mit nicht zu hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit auf die in dem Warenträger 7 angeordneten Archivalien trifft, so dass Beschädigungen, wie z.B. ein Herausreißen von Seiten der zu behandelnden Bücher, vermieden werden. Ferner wird durch die siebartige Struktur 15 der Warenflächen 9, durch die die einströmende Behandlungsflüssigkeit zunächst strömt, gewährleistet, dass die Strömung der Behandlungsflüssigkeit durch eine entsprechende Anordnung der Öffnungen der siebartigen Struktur so gesteuert werden kann, dass eine gleichmäßige aufsteigende Strömung ausgebildet wird, die entlang des Dorns 11 aufsteigt und die Archivalien gleichmäßig durchströmt. Während des Befüllvorgangs sind lediglich die Ventile 53, 43, 49, 73 und 87 geöffnet. Die übrigen Ventile sind geschlossen.To fill the container 3 with treatment liquid, valve 53 is opened so that treatment liquid can flow from the storage container 59 via the branch points 55 and 39 to the pump 31. Furthermore, the valves 43, 49, 73 and 87 are open for filling, so that the treatment liquid flows through the filter 45 with the aid of the pump 31 and then flows into the interior of the container 3 via the container opening 19. The device 22 ensures that the inflowing treatment liquid hits the archival documents arranged in the goods carrier 7 evenly and with a flow rate that is not too high, so that damage, such as tearing out the books to be treated, is avoided. Furthermore, the sieve-like structure 15 of the goods surfaces 9 through which the inflowing treatment liquid initially flows ensures that the flow of the treatment liquid is controlled in this way by a corresponding arrangement of the openings in the sieve-like structure can that a uniform ascending flow is formed, which rises along the mandrel 11 and flows evenly through the archival documents. During the filling process, only the valves 53, 43, 49, 73 and 87 are open. The other valves are closed.

Sobald der Behälter 3 mit Behandlungsflüssigkeit gefüllt ist, so dass die zu behandelnden Archivalien vollständig in der Behandlungsflüssigkeit eingetaucht sind, wird die Behandlungsflüssigkeit in einem Kreislauf geführt. Dazu werden die Ventile 37, 43, 49, 61, 73 und 79 geöffnet. Alle übrigen Ventile bleiben während des Kreislaufbetriebs geschlossen. Mit Hilfe der Antriebseinheit 27 wird der Dorn 11 und somit der Warenträger 7 in eine Rotationsbewegung versetzt. Über die Vielzahl der Leitungen 69 und die an der Innenwand des Behälters 3 fest angeordneten Fächerdüsen 17 wird Behandlungsflüssigkeit in das Innere des Behälters 3 eingebracht. Dabei wird die Behandlungsflüssigkeit durch die Fächerdüsen 17 in jede Archivale durch die von der gebundenen Kante weg weisende aufgefächerte Seite der Archivale in Richtung der gebundenen Kante eingespritzt, wie dies weiter unten im Zusammenhang mit Figur 3 beschrieben ist. Durch die relative Bewegung des Warenträgers 7 und der Fächerdüsen 17 zueinander sowie der aufgefächerten Anordnung der Archivalien kommen nicht nur die äußeren Bereiche der Papierseiten, sondern die Papierseiten vollständig bis hin zur Bindung in Kontakt mit der Behandlungsflüssigkeit.As soon as the container 3 is filled with treatment liquid so that the archival material to be treated is completely immersed in the treatment liquid, the treatment liquid is circulated. To this end, valves 37, 43, 49, 61, 73 and 79 are opened. All other valves remain closed during circulation. With the aid of the drive unit 27, the mandrel 11 and thus the goods carrier 7 are set in a rotational movement. Treatment liquid is introduced into the interior of the container 3 via the plurality of lines 69 and the fan nozzles 17 which are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the container 3. The treatment liquid is injected through the fan nozzles 17 into each archive through the fanned-out side of the archive facing away from the bound edge in the direction of the bound edge, as will be described further below in connection with FIG Figure 3 is described. Due to the relative movement of the goods carrier 7 and the fan nozzles 17 to one another as well as the fanned-out arrangement of the archives, not only the outer areas of the paper pages, but also the paper pages come into contact with the treatment liquid up to the point of binding.

Des Weiteren strömt Behandlungsflüssigkeit über die Leitung 77 und die zweite Behälteröffnung 20 in das Innere des Hohldorns 11. Aufgrund der Öffnungen des Hohldorns 11 kann die Behandlungsflüssigkeit in den Innenraum des Behälters 3 strömen, so dass die zum Dorn 11 hinweisende Rückseite der zu behandelnden Archivalien mit Behandlungsflüssigkeit angeströmt wird. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders intensive Kontaktierung der Rückseite der gebundenen Kante der Archivalien, wie der Buchrücken.Furthermore, treatment liquid flows via the line 77 and the second container opening 20 into the interior of the hollow mandrel 11. Due to the openings in the hollow mandrel 11, the treatment liquid can flow into the interior of the container 3, so that the back of the archival material to be treated, pointing towards the mandrel 11, is included Treatment liquid is flowed against. This enables particularly intensive contact to be made with the back of the bound edge of the archive material, such as the spine of the book.

Durch die intensive Kontaktierung sämtlicher Seiten der zu behandelnden Archivalien sowie der gebundenen Kanten wird ein wirksames Herauslösen von sowohl anorganischen Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Staub und Sand, als auch organischen Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Schimmelpilzbestandteilen, Schimmelpilzsporen und Bakterien gewährleistet. Diese mechanische Reinigung wird durch Ultraschallquelle 25 weiter verstärkt. Des Weiteren kann durch in Behandlungsflüssigkeit vorhandene Desinfektionsmittel eine Desinfektion, d.h. eine Verringerung von Vermehrungsfähigen Keimen, wie z.B. Pilzen, Sporen oder Bakterien erreicht werden. Diese desinfizierende Wirkung kann durch Bestrahlung mit UV-Licht mittels UV-Lichtquelle 23 verstärkt werden. Mithin enthält die Behandlungsflüssigkeit nach dem Kontaktieren der Archivalien eine gewisse Menge an anorganischen und organischen Verunreinigungen. Zur Regeneration der Behandlungsflüssigkeit und Steigerung der Reinigungswirkung werden die herausgelösten Verunreinigungen kontinuierlich aus der Behandlungsflüssigkeit entfernt. Dazu wird kontinuierlich ein Teil der Behandlungsflüssigkeit über die erste Behälteröffnung 19 aus dem Behälter 3 abgeführt und über die Leitungen 29 und 41 mit Hilfe der Pumpe 31 in einen Filter 45 geleitet, der vorteilhafterweise als mehrstufiger Filter ausgestaltet ist und beispielsweise ein Sieb und einen Grobfilter zur Entfernung von größeren Feststoffen, wie z.B. abgetrennten Papierpartikeln, und einen Membranfilter zur Abtrennung von kleinsten anorganischen und organischen Verunreinigungen, wie Staub, Sand oder Schimmelpilzsporen geeignet ist. Die filtrierte Behandlungsflüssigkeit wird anschließend über die Leitungen 47 und 63 sowohl zu den Leitungen 69 und somit zum anschließenden Einspritzen der Behandlungsflüssigkeit über die Fächerdüsen 17 als auch über Leitungen 47, 71 und 77 zum Einbringen von regenerierter Behandlungsflüssigkeit in die zweite Behälteröffnung 20 und somit in den Hohldorn 11 des Behälters 3 zurückgeführt.The intensive contacting of all sides of the archival material to be treated and the bound edges ensures that both inorganic contaminants, such as dust and sand, and organic contaminants, such as mold components, mold spores and bacteria, are effectively removed. This mechanical cleaning is further intensified by the ultrasonic source 25. Furthermore, disinfectants present in the treatment liquid can achieve disinfection, ie a reduction in germs capable of reproducing, such as fungi, spores or bacteria. This disinfecting effect can be intensified by irradiation with UV light by means of UV light source 23. The treatment liquid therefore contains a certain amount of inorganic and organic impurities after contacting the archival material. In order to regenerate the treatment liquid and increase the cleaning effect, the released impurities are continuously removed from the treatment liquid. For this purpose, part of the treatment liquid is continuously discharged from the container 3 via the first container opening 19 and passed via the lines 29 and 41 with the aid of the pump 31 into a filter 45, which is advantageously designed as a multi-stage filter and, for example, a sieve and a coarse filter for Removal of larger solids, such as separated paper particles, and a membrane filter for the separation of the smallest inorganic and organic impurities, such as dust, sand or mold spores. The filtered treatment liquid is then via the lines 47 and 63 both to the lines 69 and thus for the subsequent injection of the treatment liquid via the fan nozzles 17 and via lines 47, 71 and 77 for introducing regenerated treatment liquid into the second container opening 20 and thus into the Hollow mandrel 11 of the container 3 returned.

Der in Leitung 29 angeordnete UV-Filter 35 verstärkt die Desinfektionswirkung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, da Sporen, Bakterien und andere Keime in der Behandlungsflüssigkeit durch UV-Bestrahlung abgetötet werden können. Die Anwendung von UV-Filter 35 ist erfindungsgemäß nicht auf das konkrete, in Figur 2 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Weiterhin ist die Anordnung des UV-Filters 35 nicht auf die in Figur 2 gezeigte Anordnung beschränkt.The UV filter 35 arranged in line 29 increases the disinfecting effect of the method according to the invention, since spores, bacteria and other germs in the treatment liquid can be killed by UV radiation. According to the invention, the use of UV filter 35 is not limited to the specific, in Figure 2 Shown embodiment limited. Furthermore, the arrangement of the UV filter 35 is not based on the in Figure 2 shown arrangement limited.

Nach Erreichen der gewünschten Reinigungswirkung kann der Kreislaufbetrieb beendet werden, indem die Behandlungsflüssigkeit aus dem Behälter 3 abgelassen wird. Dazu werden Ventile 37, 43 und 57 geöffnet. Die übrigen Ventile bleiben für das Ablassen geschlossen. Die Behandlungsflüssigkeit wird über die Leitungen 29 und 41 in den Filter 45 geführt, um Behandlungsflüssigkeit, die im Wesentlichen frei von Verunreinigungen mit einer mittleren Partikelgröße von mehr als 0,5 µm ist, über Leitung 52 wieder in den Vorratsbehälter 59 zu leiten.After the desired cleaning effect has been achieved, the cycle operation can be ended by draining the treatment liquid from the container 3. To this end, valves 37, 43 and 57 are opened. The other valves remain closed for draining. The treatment liquid is fed into the filter 45 via the lines 29 and 41 in order to return the treatment liquid, which is essentially free of impurities with an average particle size of more than 0.5 μm, to the storage container 59 via line 52.

Nach Ablassen der Behandlungsflüssigkeit können die auf dem Warenträger angeordneten Archivalien einfach getrocknet werden, indem mit Hilfe des Kompressors 89 warme Luft durch die erste Behälteröffnung 19, die zweite Behälteröffnung 20 und die Fächerdüsen 17 in das Innere des Behälters 3 strömt. Dazu sind Ventile 93, 87, 79, 73 und 76 geöffnet und die übrigen Ventile geschlossen. Die Abluft kann den Behälter 3 über die Öffnung 26 verlassen.After the treatment liquid has been drained off, the archival documents arranged on the goods carrier can simply be dried by using the compressor 89 to flow warm air through the first container opening 19, the second container opening 20 and the fan nozzles 17 into the interior of the container 3. For this purpose, valves 93, 87, 79, 73 and 76 are open and the other valves are closed. The exhaust air can leave the container 3 via the opening 26.

Figur 3 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch den in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Behälter 3 entlang einer Ebene, die sich senkrecht zu dem vertikal verlaufenden Dorn 11 erstreckt. Auf der Innenseite des Behälters 3 sind gleichmäßig verteilt drei fest mit der Innenwand verbundene Fächerdüsen 17 angeordnet. In unmittelbarer Nähe zu den Fächerdüsen 17 ist jeweils eine UV-Lichtquelle 23 an der Innenwand des Behälters 3 angebracht. Der Warenträger 7 umfasst eine Mehrzahl von Unterteilungsflächen 95, die im Wesentlichen parallel zu dem Dorn verläuft. Durch die Unterteilungsflächen 95 wird in dem Warenträger 7 eine Mehrzahl von Kompartimenten 97 gebildet. In einem dieser Kompartimente 97 ist in der in Figur 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform ein Buch 99 mit einer Vielzahl von Seiten 101 und einer gebundenen Kante 103 dargestellt. Zur Reinigung des Buches 99 wird der Warenträger 7 zunächst um 270° in eine Drehrichtung und danach um 180° in die andere Richtung um die durch den Dorn 11 gebildete Drehachse gedreht. Durch das Drehen des Warenträgers 7 wird auf einfache Weise eine relative Bewegung zwischen dem Warenträger 7 und den Fächerdüsen 17 erzeugt. Somit kann in jedes der Kompartimente 97 und somit in jedes Buch 99 durch wenigstens eine der Fächerdüsen 17 Behandlungsflüssigkeit eingespritzt werden und UV-Strahlung der UV-Quellen 23 gelangen. Die Fächerdüsen 17 sind an der Innenwand des Behälters 3 so angeordnet, dass die Behandlungsflüssigkeit entlang von Ebenen eingespritzt wird, die parallel zur Erstreckungsrichtung des Dorns verlaufen. Somit verlaufen die Fächer von Behandlungsflüssigkeit, die aus den Fächerdüsen 17 in Richtung der Bücher 99 eingespritzt werden, parallel zu den gebundenen Kanten 103 und den Papierseiten 101, wodurch eine besonders intensive Kontaktierung und somit eine besonders wirksame Reinigung des Papiers ermöglicht wird. Figure 3 shows a cross section through the in the Figures 1 and 2 container 3 shown along a plane which extends perpendicular to the vertically extending mandrel 11. On the inside of the container 3, three fan nozzles 17 firmly connected to the inner wall are arranged in a uniformly distributed manner. In the immediate vicinity of the fan nozzles 17 is a UV light source 23 attached to the inner wall of the container 3. The goods carrier 7 comprises a plurality of dividing surfaces 95, which run essentially parallel to the mandrel. A plurality of compartments 97 is formed in the goods carrier 7 by the dividing surfaces 95. In one of these compartments 97 in the in Figure 3 The embodiment shown is a book 99 with a plurality of pages 101 and a bound edge 103. To clean the book 99, the goods carrier 7 is first rotated through 270 ° in one direction of rotation and then through 180 ° in the other direction about the axis of rotation formed by the mandrel 11. By rotating the product carrier 7, a relative movement between the product carrier 7 and the fan nozzles 17 is generated in a simple manner. Treatment liquid can thus be injected into each of the compartments 97 and thus into each book 99 through at least one of the fan nozzles 17 and UV radiation from the UV sources 23 can reach. The fan nozzles 17 are arranged on the inner wall of the container 3 in such a way that the treatment liquid is injected along planes which run parallel to the direction of extension of the mandrel. Thus, the compartments of treatment liquid that are injected from the fan nozzles 17 in the direction of the books 99 run parallel to the bound edges 103 and the paper pages 101, which enables particularly intensive contact and thus particularly effective cleaning of the paper.

Figur 4 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch den Behälter 3' einer alternativen Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung. In dieser Ausgestaltung ist der Behälter 3' im Wesentlichen quaderförmig ausgestaltet, so dass sich ein rechteckiger Querschnitt ergibt. Der quaderförmige Warenträger 7 umfasst auch in dieser Ausführungsform eine Mehrzahl von Unterteilungsflächen 95, so dass eine Vielzahl von Büchern 99 aufgenommen werden kann. Die Vorrichtung umfasst ferner Düsenstöcke 105, an denen jeweils eine Mehrzahl von Fächerdüsen 17 und UV-Lichtquellen 23 angebracht sind. Die Düsenstöcke 105 sind horizontal verschiebbar, so dass Warenträger 7 und Fächerdüsen 17 relativ zueinander bewegt werden können. Die Behandlungsflüssigkeit wird über die Fächerdüsen 17 in Richtung der aufgefächerten Seite der Bücher 99 eingespritzt, um das Papier intensiv zu kontaktieren. Ferner umfasst die Vorrichtung zweite Düsenstöcke 107, an denen jeweils Fächerdüsen 109 angebracht sind. Mit Hilfe der Fächerdüsen 109 kann Behandlungsflüssigkeit an die gebundene Kante 103 der Bücher 99 angeströmt werden, um die Rückseite der gebundenen Kanten 103, d.h. die Buchrücken, noch wirksamer zu reinigen. Figure 4 shows a cross section through the container 3 'of an alternative embodiment of a device according to the invention. In this embodiment, the container 3 'is essentially cuboid, so that a rectangular cross section results. In this embodiment too, the cuboid-shaped goods carrier 7 comprises a plurality of dividing surfaces 95 so that a plurality of books 99 can be accommodated. The device further comprises nozzle holders 105, on each of which a plurality of fan nozzles 17 and UV light sources 23 are attached. The nozzle assemblies 105 are horizontally displaceable so that the goods carrier 7 and the fan nozzles 17 can be moved relative to one another. The treatment liquid is injected through the fan nozzles 17 in the direction of the fanned-out side of the books 99 in order to contact the paper intensively. The device further comprises second nozzle assemblies 107, to each of which fan nozzles 109 are attached. With the aid of the fan nozzles 109, treatment liquid can flow onto the bound edge 103 of the books 99 in order to clean the back of the bound edges 103, ie the book spine, even more effectively.

Der Behälter 3' mit den Einbauten ist an den Punkten A, B, C, D und E entsprechend der in Figur 2 gezeigten Vorrichtung 1 mit den weiteren Komponenten, wie z.B. der Pumpe 31 und dem Filter 45, verbunden und kann daher entsprechend in dem bereits zuvor beschriebenen Kreislaufverfahren betrieben werden.The container 3 'with the internals is at points A, B, C, D and E corresponding to the in Figure 2 The device 1 shown is connected to the other components, such as the pump 31 and the filter 45, and can therefore be operated accordingly in the cycle method already described above.

Claims (15)

  1. Process for removing contaminants and/or disinfecting archival objects, comprising
    (a) arranging at least one archival object (99) on a flat product surface (9) of a product carrier (7) in a container (3, 3'), wherein the archival object (99) comprises a plurality of paper pages (101) stacked one on top of each other, which are joined together along one edge to form a bound edge (103), and/or fixing the archival object (99) at one edge to the product carrier (7), and wherein the archival object (99) is completely immersed in a treatment liquid,
    (b) moving the product carrier (7) and at least one fan nozzle (17) relative to each other such that treatment liquid is injected into each archival object (99) through the at least one fan nozzle (17) from the side of the archival object (99) facing away from the bound or fixed edge (103) of the archival object (99) in the direction of the bound or fixed edge (103) to contact the paper of the archival object (99),
    (c) discharging at least part of the treatment liquid from the container (3, 3') after the paper has been contacted,
    (d) regenerating the discharged treatment liquid in order to remove the contaminants dissolved from the paper and to obtain a regenerated treatment liquid, wherein the treatment liquid is regenerated by passing it through a filter (45) with a mesh size of less than 0.5 µm; and
    (e) feeding the regenerated treatment liquid back into the container (3, 3'),
    wherein the treatment liquid comprises a carrier substance which is a solvent having (i) a surface tension of less than 0.072 N/m, (ii) a polarity of less than 150 kJ/mol on the ET(30) scale and/or (iii) a boiling point of less than 100°C.
  2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment liquid is regenerated by passing it through a device for separating solids (45) adapted to remove solids with a particle size of less than 0.5 µm from the treatment liquid.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter (45) is a membrane filter.
  4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the treatment liquid comprises a carrier substance and a disinfectant.
  5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier substance is a solvent having (i) a surface tension of less than 0.020 N/m, more preferably less than 0.015 N/m, (ii) a polarity of 20 to 150 kJ/mol on the ET(30) scale and/or (iii) a boiling point of less than 70°C, more preferably less than 60°C.
  6. Method according to claim 5, wherein the solvent is an alkane or fluorinated alkane having a molar mass of more than 72 g/mol and preferably is selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, heptane, decafluoropentane and mixtures thereof, the solvent most preferably being 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane.
  7. Method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the disinfectant is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and mixtures thereof.
  8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in step (a) at least one archival object (99) in bound form comprising a plurality of paper pages (101) stacked one on top of each other, which are joined together along one edge (103), is arranged in a fanned-out arrangement on the product surface (9) and in step (b) the product carrier (7) and at least one fan nozzle (17) are moved relative to each other such that treatment liquid is injected into each archival object (99) through at least one fan nozzle (17) from the fanned-out side of the archival object (99) that faces away from the bound edge (103) of the archival object (99) in the direction of the bound edge (103).
  9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the container (3) has a mandrel (11) and the at least one archival object (99) is arranged on at least one flat product surface (9) of the product carrier (7) extending perpendicularly to the mandrel (11), the product carrier (7) being held by the mandrel (11), wherein the at least one fan nozzle (17) is preferably arranged on an inner wall of the container (3), wherein furthermore the treatment liquid is preferably injected primarily along planes running parallel to the direction in which the mandrel (11) extends.
  10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, following the cleaning and removal of germs, a method for deacidifying archival objects is performed by carrying out step (b) according to claim 1 with a treatment liquid comprising at least one deacidifying agent, wherein the deacidifying agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal compounds and is in particular selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium hydroxide, barium oxide, barium carbonate, barium hydrogen carbonate, barium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate and mixtures thereof.
  11. Method according to claim 10, wherein the archival objects (99) are contacted with a gas while they are in contact with the treatment liquid.
  12. Apparatus (1) for removing contaminants and/or disinfecting archival objects (99), comprising
    a container (3, 3') having at least one opening (20) for introducing a treatment liquid and at least one opening (19) for discharging the treatment liquid, wherein a product carrier (7) having at least one flat product surface (9) for receiving at least one archival object (99) is arranged in the container (3, 3'),
    at least one fan nozzle (17) for injecting a treatment liquid for cleaning and/or disinfecting the archival object (99), the treatment liquid comprising a carrier substance which is a solvent having (i) a surface tension of less than 0.072 N/m, (ii) a polarity of less than 150 kJ/mol on the ET(30) scale and/or (iii) a boiling point of less than 100°C,
    wherein the product carrier (7) and the at least one fan nozzle (17) can be moved relative to each other such that the treatment liquid is injected into each archival objects (99) through at least one fan nozzle (17) from the fanned-out side of the archival object (99) that faces away from a bound or fixed edge (103) of the archival object (99) in the direction of the bound or fixed edge (103) in order to contact the paper of the archival object (99),
    a pump (31) having its suction side connected to the at least one opening (19) of the container (3, 3') for discharging treatment liquid and its pressure side connected to the at least one opening (20) of the container (3, 3') for introducing treatment liquid, in order to return treatment liquid discharged from the container (3, 3') to the container (3, 3'), and
    a device (45) for separating solid contaminants dissolved from archival objects, which is arranged between the at least one opening (19) of the container (3, 3') for discharging treatment liquid and the suction side of the pump (31) and/or between the pressure side of the pump (31) and the at least one opening (20) of the container (3, 3') for introducing treatment liquid in order to remove solid contaminants dissolved from archival objects from the returned treatment liquid, wherein the device (45) is a filter with a mesh size of less than 0.5 µm.
  13. Apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the container (3) has a mandrel (11) and the archival object (99) is arranged on at least one flat product surface (9) of the product carrier (7) extending perpendicular to the mandrel (11), the product carrier (7) being held by the mandrel (11), wherein the at least one fan nozzle (17) is preferably arranged on an inner wall of the container (3), wherein furthermore the treatment liquid is preferably injected primarily along planes which are parallel to the direction in which the mandrel (11) extends.
  14. Apparatus according to claim 13, in which the container (3) is cylindrical, at least one product surface (9) is circular, and the product carrier (7) is rotatably driven about an axis of rotation formed by the mandrel.
  15. Apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the at least one product surface (9) is rectangular and the fan nozzles (17) are driven in a horizontally displaceable manner.
EP16170382.2A 2015-05-19 2016-05-19 Contaminant removal and archive disinfection device and method Active EP3095913B1 (en)

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DE102015107863.5A DE102015107863A1 (en) 2015-05-19 2015-05-19 Apparatus and method for removing contaminants and for disinfecting archives

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CN107881850B (en) 2017-11-28 2022-10-21 华南理工大学 Ancient book deacidification reinforcing and strengthening device
CN110318295B (en) * 2019-06-15 2021-11-09 湖北泰德安信信息技术有限公司 Newspaper batch soaking deacidification system and use method thereof
CN112853810B (en) * 2021-01-26 2023-03-21 青岛大学 Portable integral type paper archives hang processing apparatus

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DE3904111A1 (en) * 1989-02-11 1990-08-16 Battelle Institut E V METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY MASS DEIFICATION OF BOOKS AND OTHER PAPER PRODUCTS
US5770148A (en) * 1996-01-16 1998-06-23 Preservation Technologies, L.P. Method and apparatus for the deacidification of library materials
ES2154592B1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2001-10-16 Univ Politecnica De Cataluna EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURE FOR MASS DEACDIFICATION, ELIMINATION OF FREE ACIDITY AND DISINFESTATION OF CELLULOSICAL MATERIALS.
CA2556626A1 (en) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-09 Conservacion De Sustratos Celulosicos S.L. Process for preservation of cellulosic materials
US9464383B2 (en) * 2012-05-10 2016-10-11 Richard Daniel Smith Deacidification treatment of printed cellulosic materials

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