EP3068910A1 - Furnace for reheating metallurgical products, such as billets and slabs - Google Patents

Furnace for reheating metallurgical products, such as billets and slabs

Info

Publication number
EP3068910A1
EP3068910A1 EP14802201.5A EP14802201A EP3068910A1 EP 3068910 A1 EP3068910 A1 EP 3068910A1 EP 14802201 A EP14802201 A EP 14802201A EP 3068910 A1 EP3068910 A1 EP 3068910A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burners
product
flame
furnace
products
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14802201.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3068910B1 (en
Inventor
Sébastien LEMAIRE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fives Stein SA
Original Assignee
Fives Stein SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fives Stein SA filed Critical Fives Stein SA
Priority to PL14802201T priority Critical patent/PL3068910T3/en
Publication of EP3068910A1 publication Critical patent/EP3068910A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3068910B1 publication Critical patent/EP3068910B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to improvements made to the reheating furnaces of steel products such as billets and slabs and equipped with side burners.
  • the furnaces concerned by the invention are of the kind which have longitudinal walls provided with side burners and end transverse walls and equipped with an inlet and an outlet for the products, the burners being arranged in successive rows.
  • the furnaces comprising at the inlet a recovery zone followed immediately downstream, in the direction of advancement of the products, a preheating zone, then successive heating zones, a flue gas discharge channel being provided immediately at the entrance of the oven and the recovery zone being traversed by the fumes thus discharged, flowing in the opposite direction of the movement of the products, each product being arranged to extend transversely to the direction of travel.
  • Inlet and outlet may be located on the sides of the craters for, for example, loading or side turning of the billets or on the ends of the ovens for, for example, slab ovens.
  • the steel product such as billet or slab and reheated in the oven is then rolled to obtain a long product such as beams or profiles or a flat product such as thick plates or thin sheets.
  • it is particularly important to respect the average temperature of the product TM corresponding to the product dewatering temperature but also the longitudinal profile of the product, that is to say the temperature profile along the product. , transversely to the axis of the oven.
  • This invention provides a solution to the control of this longitudinal profile of the product by allowing to obtain significant temperature differences between the head and the tail of the product.
  • Reheat furnaces for steel products are equipped with side burners that can be individually controlled in all or nothing and can control the length of the flame as stated in the patent FR 2 794 132. Each burner is independently controlled according to the heat demand of the product.
  • Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shows a reheating furnace, products shown in a view from above, with the left and right walls 2 of the oven for a direction of advancement of the products 3 from left to right of the figure.
  • the oven is equipped with burners A, B, C ... N in the direction of advancement of the products, the burners on the left wall being marked by A1, B1, ... N 1, the burners on the right wall by A2, B2 ... N2.
  • the number of burners depends on the capacity of the furnace and the type of products to be heated, in particular the type of material and the dimensions of the products.
  • the recovery zone R Upstream of the first burners A1 and A2 is the recovery zone R which is not equipped with burners and in which the products 3 are heated by the passage of the fumes from all the burners before being discharged into a channel 5 towards the fireplace. It will be understood that this description of the burners and the description of their operation can be extended to the burners located above the products and to the burners below if they exist.
  • the application of processes according to the state of the art allows the injection of a part of the thermal capacity of the burner (A ... N) for each cycle by operating it in operating mode. Off (ON / OFF), that is, by modulating its ignition time with respect to the cycle time. For example to inject a power of 30% of the nominal power of the burner (A ... N), it will be lit for 30% of each cycle of, for example, three minutes.
  • the profile P 1 shows a homogeneous, equal temperature. at any point along the length of the product at the intended TM Mean Temperature.
  • the profile P2 shows a product temperature lower than TM on the left end of the product and more important on the right end
  • the profile P3 is inverse with a temperature higher than TM on the left and lower on the right
  • the P4 profile in flattened V, shows a temperature of both ends of the product greater than TM and lower in the center
  • the profile P5, in to it with double slope shows a temperature lower than TM at the ends of the product and greater than TM at center. All these product temperature profiles may be required by the rolling process with a temperature difference between the hottest point and the coldest point on the slab that can be variable.
  • this temperature difference is typically between a few degrees and 50 ° C, depending on the rolling process and steel grades to produce.
  • the method described in patent FR 2 794 132 allows existing furnaces to achieve these different temperature profiles using the ON / OFF operation of flame-modulation burners capable of producing a short or long flame.
  • These flame-modulation burners are more complicated and more expensive than fixed-flame burners, so their number is limited to concentrate them, for example in a first heating zone following the preheating zone, or a second heating zone. following the first heating zone, and before the equalization zone at the furnace outlet.
  • These burners of the first and second heating zones have high powers, which allows to have an effective action on the temperature profile of the product before its removal.
  • the recovery zone R is considered as a passive zone for controlling the temperature profile of the products on the current furnaces.
  • the operating methods of these current furnaces do not make it possible to obtain such temperature differences required by the processes corresponding to the rolling of new steels or very long products.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an answer to this problem.
  • a furnace for reheating steel products of the kind defined above is characterized in that it is equipped, in the first rows of burners, at least one row of flame-modulated side burners, capable of being controlled to produce a short flame or long flame, so as to generate a preferential flue gas flow into the recovery zone to initiate from the recovery zone, any desired temperature profile of the product, in particular on a slope.
  • the furnace comprises means to ensure a specific ignition mode of all or part of the burners, in particular by using short-flame flame burners on the side of the product to be heated preferentially and by increasing the ignition time of the burners. burners on the product side to be heated preferentially to the detriment of the opposing burners.
  • the burner control is carried out using a control means capable of controlling the length, for example short or long, of the flame or the ignition of all or part of the burners.
  • the method of operating the ironing furnace for steel products, while each product is arranged so as to extend along the width of the furnace, and must have at the outlet of the furnace a determined temperature profile, in particular such that P2 or P3 represented in FIG. 2, is characterized in that the burners of at least the first row, in the direction of advancement of the products, operate in a short flame on the side of the end of the product which must be the hottest, and in a long flame on the side of the other end of the product, so as to initiate a temperature profile on the product of the type of the desired one at the outlet of the oven from the recovery zone of the oven.
  • this command is performed using said control means.
  • a specific ignition mode of all or part of the burners in particular by using modular flame burners with a short flame on the side. of the product to be heated preferentially and by increasing the ignition time of the burners on the side of the product to be heated preferentially to the detriment of the opposing burners.
  • a method of operating a steel product reheating furnace equipped with flame-modulated side burners to obtain a flat longitudinal P1-type temperature profile on the product is characterized in that:
  • the first burner (s) in the direction of advancement of the products are flame-modulation burners capable of producing a short flame or a long flame;
  • the oven burners of the same row operate in identical mode on each side of the oven, for the type of flame and the ignition time.
  • the method of operating an ironmaking furnace with adjustable flame burners and fixed flame burners may include the implementation of a variable flame and fixed flame burner piloting algorithm for produce any type of temperature profile in the product.
  • the burner control algorithm is implemented in the burner control means.
  • the process may be characterized by obtaining flat temperature profiles, such as P1, of the product in the direction orthogonal to the direction of travel.
  • the process is characterized by obtaining slope product temperature profiles, such as P2 and P3, in the direction orthogonal to the direction of travel, the temperature of one end of the product being greater than that on the other end.
  • the difference between the temperature of one end of the product and that of the other end may be at least 60 ° C, especially between 60 ° C and 120 ° C.
  • the process according to the invention can be characterized by obtaining double slope temperature profiles, such as P4 and P5, with a product temperature, between the ends, greater or less than that of the product center.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified diagram of a reheat furnace according to the invention, in which the burner B1 operates in short flame and C1 in long flame.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating several longitudinal temperature profiles in a product, in particular at the outlet of the oven, and
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram of the oven similar to that of FIG. 1, the burners A to C of the oven being lit in short flame on the left side and in long flame on the right side of the oven.
  • the invention provides a solution to the problem defined above by using the burners or part of the burners of the preheating zone of the oven, that is to say the zone immediately downstream of the recovery zone R of the oven, and by controlling them so as to obtain these temperature differences on the longitudinal profile of the product adapted to the needs of the rollers.
  • the specific control of these preheating burners will influence the flow of fumes in the recovery zone which will initiate the formation of the desired temperature difference from the recovery zone R of the furnace.
  • the recovery zone R of the furnace becomes active whereas it is traditionally considered passive for the control of the product temperature profile in furnaces built according to the state of the art.
  • the control of the burners is performed by the CM control means.
  • FIG. 3 shows an application according to the invention.
  • the invention is based on the use of flame-type burners at the furnace inlet, in the preheating zone as shown in FIG. 3 in A1 - A2 in B1 - B2 and C1 C2, and in controlling them. in particular to generate a flow of fumes in the recovery zone R of the furnace that can initiate the desired temperature profile to the product of the product, this temperature profile being completed by the action of all the burners located in downstream of the burners in the preheating zone of the oven.
  • the burners are arranged in transversely oriented rows, particularly orthogonally, in the direction of advancement of the products.
  • the control of the burners is performed by the CM control means.
  • the oven is shown in plan view with a direction of movement of the products 3 - partially shown - from left to right.
  • Burners A1 and A2 are flame-modulating burners in the preheating zone of the furnace, which means the first burners installed in the forward direction of the products.
  • the preheating zone may comprise one or more rows of burners on each side of the oven depending on its production tonnage and the type of products to be heated.
  • the burners A1 and A2 may be composed of two burners located in a vertical plane and situated one above and one below the plane of the products, and forming two superposed rows on an oven for heating tubular spar steel products, or a single burner, the burners A1 and A2 forming a single row of burners above the product plane for a refractory beam furnace.
  • the burner A1 operates in a short flame and that the burner A2 operates in a long flame.
  • These burners have significant powers which generates large volumes of hot fumes.
  • the burners B1 - C1 and B2 - C2 at the oven inlet are, if necessary, lit in short flame on the left side and in long flame on the right side of the oven.
  • the combined effect of this choice of operating mode of the burners will create a preferential displacement of all the fumes of the burners installed in the oven according to the arrow 4 of FIG. 3, in the recovery zone R of the furnace and up to to their evacuation towards the chimney by the evacuation channel 5.
  • This circulation of hot gas according to the arrow 4 will accelerate the heat exchange with the products 3 present in the recovery zone to produce a temperature increase of these products on the left side more important than the right side of the oven.
  • the products thus heated more on the left than on the right side will adopt from the recovery zone a temperature profile of the type P3 of Figure 2 with a higher temperature of the end of the product located on the left side than on the right side.
  • Burner A2 is permanently lit in long flame, burner A1 is lit in short flame so as to maintain the preferential circulation of 4. If necessary, as shown in Figure 3, the flame-modulation burners located after row A will be lit in a short flame on the left side of the oven to maintain and / or increase the temperature difference as desired by the rolling process.
  • each burner is a single zone driven demand for power.
  • the burners B1 and B2 if a thermal power of 70% is required in the row of burners B, the burners B1 and B2 will be lit 70% of the cycle time to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the thermal power injected into the product. If it is desired to obtain a higher temperature on the left side of the oven, it will be possible to keep the burner B1 lit in a short flame for 100% of the cycle time and to ignite the burner B2 in long flame only during 40% of the cycle time. By this means, a power identical to that required by the product is injected into the burner zone B1 and B2 but this power is shifted towards the end 1 of the product to generate a temperature profile of the P3 type.
  • This mode of operation of the adjustable flame burners can be extended to all the adjustable flame burners installed in the oven.
  • the invention preferably corresponds to the combined implementation of three characteristics:
  • the implementation of this method thus makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the method of creating P2 and P3 type inclined thermal profiles in the slab by initiating it from the recovery zone by using modulating burners. flame in the preheating zone. By this means it is possible to obtain temperature differences over the length of the product which can equal or exceed 60 ° C for specific rolling processes.
  • the piloting mode of the adjustable flame burners at the furnace inlet makes it possible to obtain a P3 type profile as explained above or, by adopting a symmetrical operating mode of the burners, to obtain a temperature profile of type P2 or, by mixing the times during which the burners on each side of the furnace operate in a short or long flame, to obtain any type of temperature profile of the product, for example the profiles P1, P4 and P5 or any combination thereof. profiles.
  • the temperature difference between two points of the product is thus obtained by the operating mode of the oven according to the invention, and it is understood that the importance of the temperature difference will be controlled by the furnace control system by controlling the number necessary rows of burners until this difference in temperature.
  • the control of the flow in the recovery zone used to prime the desired temperature profile at the furnace outlet could be obtained with an oven equipped with fixed flame burners provided that a burner on one side of the furnace is extinguished. which would have the effect of limiting the power injected into the row corresponding to the power of a single burner.
  • the simultaneous implementation of the burner A1 short flame and A2 flame long allows the injection of the power of two burners in the row while creating the desired thermal effect on the product. This is particularly important in the preheating zone where the unit powers of the burners are important. If only one burner was lit on one side, its power should be doubled to create the desired thermal effect. Doubling the burner power would impose burner size increases, ducts and valves that may not be compatible with the available space on the oven walls.
  • the method of the invention for achieving a temperature difference between two points of the product is controlled by the furnace control system by adjusting the operating mode of the flame-modulating burners (flame length) and adjusting the time of operation. ignition of all the burners (thermal power injected). By combining these two means of action, it is possible to obtain the desired product temperature profile.
  • the operating mode mentioned above can also be used to produce small differences in temperature on the thermal profile of the product, keeping only the action of the heating and equalization zones to better control the temperature difference to be obtained on the product. product.
  • This furnace control method can be ensured by the furnace operation optimization system so as to anticipate the changes in thermal regime of the furnace with respect to the products to be fired and to regulate with precision the importance of the temperature difference. obtained on the product.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

A furnace for reheating metallurgical products comprising longitudinal walls provided with lateral burners (A1, B1,... N1; A2, B2,... N2), the burners being arranged in successive rows, and transverse end walls, and provided with an inlet and an outlet for the products, the furnace comprising, at the inlet, a recovery area (R) followed immediately, in the direction of travel of the products, by a preheating area, then successive heating areas, a smoke discharge channel (5) being provided immediately upstream from the furnace inlet and the recovery area being traversed by the smoke discharged in this way, flowing in the opposite direction to the movement of the products, each product being disposed in such a way as to extend in a direction transverse to the direction of travel; the furnace is provided, in the preheating area, on each longitudinal wall, with lateral burners (A1, B1, A2, B2) with flame modulation, capable of being controlled to produce a short flame or a long flame, in such a way as to generate a preferential flow (4) of the smoke in the recovery area in order to establish, from the recovery step, any desired temperature profile for the product, in particular a sloping profile, for which the temperature difference is maintained or increased in order to obtain the desired profile by combining modulation of the flame length and modulation of the ignition time of the burners in the heating areas.

Description

FOUR DE RECHAUFFAGE DE PRODUITS SIDERURGIQUES, TELS QUE BILLETTES ET BRAMES.  OVEN FOR HEATING OF STEEL PRODUCTS, SUCH AS BILLETS AND BRAMES.
L'invention concerne des perfectionnements apportés aux fours de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques tels que billettes et brames et équipés de brûleurs latéraux. The invention relates to improvements made to the reheating furnaces of steel products such as billets and slabs and equipped with side burners.
Les fours concernés par l'invention sont du genre de ceux qui comportent des parois longitudinales munies de brûleurs latéraux et des parois transversales d'extrémité et équipés d'une entrée et d'une sortie pour les produits, les brûleurs étant disposés en rangées successives, les fours comportant à l'entrée une zone de récupération suivie im médiatement en aval , dans le sens d'avancement des produits, d'une zone de préchauffage, puis de zones de chauffage successives, un canal d'évacuation de fumées étant prévu immédiatement à l'entrée du four et la zone de récupération étant traversée par les fumées ainsi évacuées, circulant en sens inverse du déplacement des produits, chaque produit étant disposé de manière à s'étendre transversalement au sens d'avancement. L'entrée et la sortie (l'enfournement et le défournement des produits) peuvent être situées sur les faces latéra les des fou rs pour, par exem ple les enfournements ou défournements latéraux des billettes ou sur les extrémités des fours pour, par exemple, les fours à brames. Le produit sidérurgique tel que billette ou brame et réchauffé dans le four est ensuite laminé pour obtenir un produit long tel que poutrelles ou profilés ou un produit plat tel que les tôles épaisses ou tôles minces. Pour cette opération de laminage, il est particulièrement important de respecter la température moyenne du produit TM correspondant à la température de défournement du produit mais également le profil longitudinal du produit, c'est-à-dire le profil de température en long sur le produit, transversalement à l'axe du four. Cette invention apporte une solution au contrôle de ce profil longitudinal du produit en permettant l'obtention de différences de température importantes entre la tête et la queue du produit. The furnaces concerned by the invention are of the kind which have longitudinal walls provided with side burners and end transverse walls and equipped with an inlet and an outlet for the products, the burners being arranged in successive rows. , the furnaces comprising at the inlet a recovery zone followed immediately downstream, in the direction of advancement of the products, a preheating zone, then successive heating zones, a flue gas discharge channel being provided immediately at the entrance of the oven and the recovery zone being traversed by the fumes thus discharged, flowing in the opposite direction of the movement of the products, each product being arranged to extend transversely to the direction of travel. Inlet and outlet (loading and unloading of products) may be located on the sides of the craters for, for example, loading or side turning of the billets or on the ends of the ovens for, for example, slab ovens. The steel product such as billet or slab and reheated in the oven is then rolled to obtain a long product such as beams or profiles or a flat product such as thick plates or thin sheets. For this rolling operation, it is particularly important to respect the average temperature of the product TM corresponding to the product dewatering temperature but also the longitudinal profile of the product, that is to say the temperature profile along the product. , transversely to the axis of the oven. This invention provides a solution to the control of this longitudinal profile of the product by allowing to obtain significant temperature differences between the head and the tail of the product.
Les fours de réchauffage des produits sidérurgiques sont équipés de brûleurs latéraux qui peuvent être pilotés de façon individuelle en tout ou rien et permettent de contrôler la longueur de la flamme comme exposé dans le brevet FR 2 794 132. Chaque brûleur est contrôlé de façon indépendante en fonction de la demande calorifique du produit. Reheat furnaces for steel products are equipped with side burners that can be individually controlled in all or nothing and can control the length of the flame as stated in the patent FR 2 794 132. Each burner is independently controlled according to the heat demand of the product.
La figure 1 des dessins annexés présente un four de réchauffage, de produits représenté en vue de dessus, avec les parois gauche 1 et droite 2 du four pour un sens d'avancement des produits 3 de la gauche vers la droite de la figure. Le four est équipé de brûleurs A, B, C ... N dans le sens d'avancement des produits, les brûleurs sur le mur gauche étant repérés par A1 , B1 , ... N 1 , les brûleurs sur le mur droit par A2, B2... N2. Le nombre de brûleurs dépend de la capacité du four et du type de produits à chauffer, en particulier du type de matériau et des dimensions des produits. En amont des premiers brûleurs A1 et A2 se trouve la zone de récupération R qui n'est pas équipée de brûleurs et dans laquelle les produits 3 sont réchauffés par le passage des fumées de l'ensemble des brûleurs avant leur évacuation dans un canal 5 vers la cheminée. On comprend que cette désignation des brûleurs et la description de fonctionnement qui en est faite peut être étendue aux brûleurs situés au-dessus des produits et aux brûleurs situés au-dessous s'ils existent. Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shows a reheating furnace, products shown in a view from above, with the left and right walls 2 of the oven for a direction of advancement of the products 3 from left to right of the figure. The oven is equipped with burners A, B, C ... N in the direction of advancement of the products, the burners on the left wall being marked by A1, B1, ... N 1, the burners on the right wall by A2, B2 ... N2. The number of burners depends on the capacity of the furnace and the type of products to be heated, in particular the type of material and the dimensions of the products. Upstream of the first burners A1 and A2 is the recovery zone R which is not equipped with burners and in which the products 3 are heated by the passage of the fumes from all the burners before being discharged into a channel 5 towards the fireplace. It will be understood that this description of the burners and the description of their operation can be extended to the burners located above the products and to the burners below if they exist.
Sur un tel four, l'application de procédés suivant l'état de l'art permet l'injection d'une partie de la capacité thermique du brûleur (A... N) pour chaque cycle en le faisant fonctionner en mode Marche/Arrêt (ON/OFF), c'est-à-dire par la modulation de son tem ps d'allumage par rapport au tem ps de cycle. Par exemple pour injecter une puissance de 30 % de la puissance nominale du brûleur (A... N), celui-ci sera allumé pendant 30 % de chaque cycle de, par exemple, trois minutes. On such an oven, the application of processes according to the state of the art allows the injection of a part of the thermal capacity of the burner (A ... N) for each cycle by operating it in operating mode. Off (ON / OFF), that is, by modulating its ignition time with respect to the cycle time. For example to inject a power of 30% of the nominal power of the burner (A ... N), it will be lit for 30% of each cycle of, for example, three minutes.
Il est ainsi possible d'obtenir, selon les demandes du procédé de laminage, des profils de température longitudinaux de brame comme présentés sur la figure 2 des dess ins pour une bram e 3. Le profil P 1 m ontre une tem pérature homogène, égale en tout point de la longueur du produit à la Température Moyenne TM visée. Le profil P2 montre une température de produit plus faible que TM sur l'extrémité gauche du produit et plus importante sur l'extrém ité droite, le profil P3 est inverse avec une température plus importante que TM à gauche et plus faible à droite, le profil P4, en V aplati, montre une température des deux extrémités du produit supérieure à TM et inférieure au centre, le profil P5, en to it à double pente, montre une température inférieure à TM aux extrém ités du produit et supérieure à TM au centre. Tous ces profils de température de produit peuvent être requis par le procédé de laminage avec une différence de température entre le point le plus chaud et le point le plus froid sur la brame qui peut être variable. It is thus possible to obtain, according to the demands of the rolling method, longitudinal slab temperature profiles as shown in FIG. 2 of the ins inserts for bream 3. The profile P 1 shows a homogeneous, equal temperature. at any point along the length of the product at the intended TM Mean Temperature. The profile P2 shows a product temperature lower than TM on the left end of the product and more important on the right end, the profile P3 is inverse with a temperature higher than TM on the left and lower on the right, the P4 profile, in flattened V, shows a temperature of both ends of the product greater than TM and lower in the center, the profile P5, in to it with double slope, shows a temperature lower than TM at the ends of the product and greater than TM at center. All these product temperature profiles may be required by the rolling process with a temperature difference between the hottest point and the coldest point on the slab that can be variable.
Sur les fours suivant l'état de l'art, cette différence de température est typiquement comprise entre quelques degrés et 50°C, en fonction du procédé de laminage et des nuances d'acier à produire. On furnaces according to the state of the art, this temperature difference is typically between a few degrees and 50 ° C, depending on the rolling process and steel grades to produce.
Le procédé décrit dans le brevet FR 2 794 132 permet sur les fours existants de réaliser ces différents profils de température en utilisant le fonctionnement Marche/Arrêt (ON/OFF) de brûleurs à modulation de flamme capables de produire une flamme courte ou longue. Ces brûleurs à modulation de flamme sont plus compliqués et plus chers que les brûleurs à flamme fixe, on lim ite donc leur nombre pour les concentrer, par exemple dans une première zone de chauffage faisant suite à la zone de préchauffage, ou une deuxième zone chauffage faisant suite à la première zone de chauffage, et avant la zone d'égalisation en sortie de four. Ces brûleurs des première et deuxième zones de chauffage ont des puissances élevées, ce qui permet d'avoir une action efficace sur le profil de température du produit avant son défournement. La zone de récupération R est considérée comme une zone passive pour la maîtrise du profil de température des produits sur les fours actuels. The method described in patent FR 2 794 132 allows existing furnaces to achieve these different temperature profiles using the ON / OFF operation of flame-modulation burners capable of producing a short or long flame. These flame-modulation burners are more complicated and more expensive than fixed-flame burners, so their number is limited to concentrate them, for example in a first heating zone following the preheating zone, or a second heating zone. following the first heating zone, and before the equalization zone at the furnace outlet. These burners of the first and second heating zones have high powers, which allows to have an effective action on the temperature profile of the product before its removal. The recovery zone R is considered as a passive zone for controlling the temperature profile of the products on the current furnaces.
Le procédé de FR 2 794 132 est utilisé aujourd'hui sur les fours de réchauffage de billettes et de brames et permet d'obtenir des différences de températures allant jusqu'à 50°C entre deux points du produit au défournement ce qui correspond aux besoins d'une grande partie des procédés de laminage actuels. Les sidérurgistes ont cependant développé des nuances de produits pour lesquels les cycles de lam inage sont modifiés et pour lesquels il peut être nécessaire de réaliser des profils longitudinaux plus en pente, par exemple avec des différences de température entre la tête et le centre du produit ou la queue du produit supérieures à 60°C. The process of FR 2,794,132 is used today on billet and slab reheating furnaces and makes it possible to obtain temperature differences of up to 50 ° C. between two points of the product at the time of turning, which corresponds to the needs a large part of the current rolling processes. Steelmakers, however, have developed product grades for which the milling cycles are modified and for which it may be necessary to produce steeper longitudinal profiles, for example with differences in temperature between the head and the center of the product. product tail greater than 60 ° C.
Les procédés d'exploitation de ces fours actuels ne permettent pas d'obtenir de telles différences de température requises par les procédés correspondant au laminage d'aciers nouveaux ou de produits très longs. L'invention a pour but d'apporter une réponse à ce problème. The operating methods of these current furnaces do not make it possible to obtain such temperature differences required by the processes corresponding to the rolling of new steels or very long products. The object of the invention is to provide an answer to this problem.
Selon l'invention, un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques du genre défini précédemment, est caractérisé en ce qu'il est équipé, dans les premières rangées de brûleurs, d'au moins une rangée de brûleurs latéraux à modulation de flamme, propres à être commandés pour produire une flamme courte ou une flamme longue, de façon à générer un écoulement préférentiel des fumées dans la zone de récupération afin d'initier, dès la zone de récupération, tout profil souhaité de température du produit, en particulier en pente. According to the invention, a furnace for reheating steel products of the kind defined above, is characterized in that it is equipped, in the first rows of burners, at least one row of flame-modulated side burners, capable of being controlled to produce a short flame or long flame, so as to generate a preferential flue gas flow into the recovery zone to initiate from the recovery zone, any desired temperature profile of the product, in particular on a slope.
Avantageusement, le four comporte des moyens pour assurer un mode d'allumage spécifique de tout ou partie des brûleurs, en particulier en utilisant des brûleurs à flamme modulable en flamme courte du côté du produit à chauffer préférentiellement et en augmentant le temps d'allumage des brûleurs du côté du produit à réchauffer préférentiellement au détriment des brûleurs opposés. Advantageously, the furnace comprises means to ensure a specific ignition mode of all or part of the burners, in particular by using short-flame flame burners on the side of the product to be heated preferentially and by increasing the ignition time of the burners. burners on the product side to be heated preferentially to the detriment of the opposing burners.
Avantageusement, la commande des brûleurs est réalisée à l'aide d'un moyen de commande apte à piloter la longueur, par exemple courte ou longue, de la flamme ou l'allumage de tout ou partie des brûleurs. Advantageously, the burner control is carried out using a control means capable of controlling the length, for example short or long, of the flame or the ignition of all or part of the burners.
Le procédé d'exploitation du four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques, alors que chaque produit est disposé de manière à s'étendre suivant la largeur du four, et doit présenter en sortie du four un profil de température déterminé, notamment tel que P2 ou P3 représentés sur la figure 2, est caractérisé en ce que les brûleurs d'au moins la première rangée, dans le sens d'avancement des produits, fonctionnent en flamme courte du côté de l'extrémité du produit qui doit être la plus chaude, et en flamme longue du côté de l'autre extrémité du produit, de façon à initier un profil de température sur le produit du type de celui souhaité en sortie du four dès la zone de récupération du four. The method of operating the ironing furnace for steel products, while each product is arranged so as to extend along the width of the furnace, and must have at the outlet of the furnace a determined temperature profile, in particular such that P2 or P3 represented in FIG. 2, is characterized in that the burners of at least the first row, in the direction of advancement of the products, operate in a short flame on the side of the end of the product which must be the hottest, and in a long flame on the side of the other end of the product, so as to initiate a temperature profile on the product of the type of the desired one at the outlet of the oven from the recovery zone of the oven.
De préférence, on assure une commande du fonctionnement des brûleurs qui permet de rendre active la zone de récupération (R) en y établissant un profil souhaité de température du produit. Avantageusement, cette commande est réalisée à l'aide dudit moyen de commande. Preferably, it provides a control of the operation of the burners which makes it possible to make the recovery zone (R) active by establishing therein a desired temperature profile of the product. Advantageously, this command is performed using said control means.
Avantageusement, on assure le maintien ou l'augmentation de la différence de température entre les deux extrémités du produit en utilisant un mode d'allumage spécifique de tout ou partie des brûleurs, en particulier en utilisant des brûleurs à flamme modulable en flamme courte du côté du produit à chauffer préférentiellement et en augmentant le temps d'allumage des brûleurs du côté du produit à réchauffer préférentiellement au détriment des brûleurs opposés . De préférence, un procédé d'exploitation d'un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques équipé de brûleurs latéraux à modulation de flamme pour obtenir un profil de température longitudinal plat de type P1 sur le produit, est caractérisé en ce que : Advantageously, maintaining or increasing the temperature difference between the two ends of the product is ensured by using a specific ignition mode of all or part of the burners, in particular by using modular flame burners with a short flame on the side. of the product to be heated preferentially and by increasing the ignition time of the burners on the side of the product to be heated preferentially to the detriment of the opposing burners. Preferably, a method of operating a steel product reheating furnace equipped with flame-modulated side burners to obtain a flat longitudinal P1-type temperature profile on the product, is characterized in that:
- le ou les premiers brûleurs dans le sens d'avancement des produits sont des brûleurs à modulation de flamme capables de produire une flamme courte ou une flamme longue ;  the first burner (s) in the direction of advancement of the products are flame-modulation burners capable of producing a short flame or a long flame;
- les brûleurs du four d'une même rangée fonctionnent en mode identique de chaque côté du four, pour le type de flamme et le temps d'allumage.  - the oven burners of the same row operate in identical mode on each side of the oven, for the type of flame and the ignition time.
Le procédé d'exploitation d'un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques comportant des brûleurs à flamme modulable et des brûleurs à flamme fixe, peut comporter la mise en œuvre d'un algorithme de pilotage des brûleurs à flamme modulable et à flamme fixe destiné à produire tout type de profil de température dans le produit. The method of operating an ironmaking furnace with adjustable flame burners and fixed flame burners may include the implementation of a variable flame and fixed flame burner piloting algorithm for produce any type of temperature profile in the product.
Avantageusement, l'algorithme de pilotage des brûleurs est implémenté dans le moyen de commande des brûleurs. Advantageously, the burner control algorithm is implemented in the burner control means.
Le procédé peut être caractérisé par l'obtention de profils de température plats, tels que P1 , du produit selon la direction orthogonale au sens d'avancement. The process may be characterized by obtaining flat temperature profiles, such as P1, of the product in the direction orthogonal to the direction of travel.
Selon une autre possibilité, le procédé est caractérisé par l'obtention de profils de température du produit en pente, tels que P2 et P3, selon la direction orthogonale au sens d'avancement, la température d'une extrémité du produit étant supérieure à celle de l'autre extrémité. According to another possibility, the process is characterized by obtaining slope product temperature profiles, such as P2 and P3, in the direction orthogonal to the direction of travel, the temperature of one end of the product being greater than that on the other end.
A la sortie du four, la différence entre la température d'une extrémité du produit et celle de l'autre extrémité peut être d'au moins 60°C, notamment comprise entre 60°C et 120°C. At the outlet of the oven, the difference between the temperature of one end of the product and that of the other end may be at least 60 ° C, especially between 60 ° C and 120 ° C.
Le procédé selon l'invention peut être caractérisé par l'obtention de profils de température à double pente, tels que P4 et P5, avec une température de produit, entre les extrémités, supérieure ou inférieure à celle du centre du produit. The process according to the invention can be characterized by obtaining double slope temperature profiles, such as P4 and P5, with a product temperature, between the ends, greater or less than that of the product center.
L'invention consiste, mises à part les dispositions exposées ci-dessus, en un certain nombre d'autres dispositions dont il sera plus explicitement question ci- après à propos d'un exemple de réalisation décrit avec référence aux dessins annexés, mais qui ne sont nullement limitatifs. Sur ces dessins : The invention consists, apart from the arrangements set out above, of a number of other provisions which will be more explicitly referred to above. after about an embodiment described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but which are not limiting. On these drawings:
Fig. 1 est u n schém a simplifié d'un four de réchauffage selon l'invention, sur lequel le brûleur B1 fonctionne en flamme courte et C1 en flamme longue.  Fig. 1 is a simplified diagram of a reheat furnace according to the invention, in which the burner B1 operates in short flame and C1 in long flame.
Fig. 2 est un diagramme illustrant plusieurs profils longitudinaux de température dans un produit, en particulier en sortie du four, et  Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating several longitudinal temperature profiles in a product, in particular at the outlet of the oven, and
Fig. 3 est un schéma du four semblable à celui de Fig.1 , les brûleurs A à C du four étant allumés en flamme courte du côté gauche et en flamme longue du côté droit du four.  Fig. 3 is a diagram of the oven similar to that of FIG. 1, the burners A to C of the oven being lit in short flame on the left side and in long flame on the right side of the oven.
L'invention apporte une solution au problème défini précédemment en utilisant les brûleurs ou une partie des brûleurs de la zone de préchauffage du four, c'est-à-dire la zone située immédiatement en aval de la zone de récupération R du four, et en les pilotant de façon à obtenir ces différences de température sur le profil longitudinal du produit adaptées aux besoins des lamineurs. Le pilotage spécifique de ces brûleurs de préchauffage va influencer la circulation des fumées dans la zone de récupération qui va initier la formation de la différence de température recherchée dès la zone de récupération R du four. Par ce moyen, la zone de récupération R du four devient active alors qu'elle est traditionnellement considérée comme passive pour le contrôle du profil de température du produit dans les fours construits suivant l'état de l'art. The invention provides a solution to the problem defined above by using the burners or part of the burners of the preheating zone of the oven, that is to say the zone immediately downstream of the recovery zone R of the oven, and by controlling them so as to obtain these temperature differences on the longitudinal profile of the product adapted to the needs of the rollers. The specific control of these preheating burners will influence the flow of fumes in the recovery zone which will initiate the formation of the desired temperature difference from the recovery zone R of the furnace. By this means, the recovery zone R of the furnace becomes active whereas it is traditionally considered passive for the control of the product temperature profile in furnaces built according to the state of the art.
Le pilotage des brûleurs est réalisé par le moyen de commande CM. The control of the burners is performed by the CM control means.
La figure 3 présente une application selon l'invention. L'invention repose sur l'utilisation de brûleurs à modulation de flamme en entrée de four, dans la zone de préchauffage comme représenté sur la figure 3 en A1 - A2 en B1 - B2 et en C1 C2, et sur le fait de les piloter de façon particulière en vue de générer une circulation des fumées dans la zone de récupération R du four qui puisse amorcer le profil de température souhaité au défournement du produit, ce profil de température étant complété par l'action de l'ensemble des brûleurs situés en aval des brûleurs de la zone de préchauffage du four. Les brûleurs sont disposés en rangées orientées transversalement, notamment orthogonalement, au sens d'avancement des produits. Figure 3 shows an application according to the invention. The invention is based on the use of flame-type burners at the furnace inlet, in the preheating zone as shown in FIG. 3 in A1 - A2 in B1 - B2 and C1 C2, and in controlling them. in particular to generate a flow of fumes in the recovery zone R of the furnace that can initiate the desired temperature profile to the product of the product, this temperature profile being completed by the action of all the burners located in downstream of the burners in the preheating zone of the oven. The burners are arranged in transversely oriented rows, particularly orthogonally, in the direction of advancement of the products.
Le pilotage des brûleurs est réalisé par le moyen de commande CM. Le four est représenté en vue de dessus avec une direction de déplacement des produits 3 - partiellement représentés - de la gauche vers la droite. Les brûleurs A1 et A2 sont des brûleurs à modulation de flamme de la zone de préchauffage du four, ce qui signifie les premiers brûleurs installés dans le sens d'avance des produits. La zone de préchauffage peut comprendre une ou plusieurs rangées de brûleurs sur chaque côté du four en fonction de son tonnage de production et du type de produits à réchauffer. The control of the burners is performed by the CM control means. The oven is shown in plan view with a direction of movement of the products 3 - partially shown - from left to right. Burners A1 and A2 are flame-modulating burners in the preheating zone of the furnace, which means the first burners installed in the forward direction of the products. The preheating zone may comprise one or more rows of burners on each side of the oven depending on its production tonnage and the type of products to be heated.
Sur la figure 3, les brûleurs A1 et A2 peuvent être composés de deux brûleurs situés dans un plan vertical et situés l'un au-dessus et l'autre au-dessous du plan des produits, et formant deux rangées superposées, sur un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques à longerons tubulaires, ou d'un seul brûleur, les brûleurs A1 et A2 formant une seule rangée de brûleurs au-dessus du plan des produits pour un four à longerons réfractaires. In FIG. 3, the burners A1 and A2 may be composed of two burners located in a vertical plane and situated one above and one below the plane of the products, and forming two superposed rows on an oven for heating tubular spar steel products, or a single burner, the burners A1 and A2 forming a single row of burners above the product plane for a refractory beam furnace.
On voit sur la figure 3 que le brûleur A1 fonctionne en flamme courte et que le brûleur A2 fonctionne en flamme longue. Ces brûleurs ont des puissances importantes ce qui génère des volumes de fumées chaudes importants. Les brûleurs B1 - C1 et B2 - C2 en entrée de four sont, si nécessaire, allumés en flamme courte côté gauche et en flamme longue côté droit du four. L'effet conjugué de ce choix de mode de fonctionnement des brûleurs va créer un déplacement préférentiel de l'ensemble des fumées des brûleurs installés dans le four suivant la flèche 4 de la figure 3, dans la zone de récupération R du four et jusqu'à leur évacuation vers la cheminée par le canal d'évacuation 5. Cette circulation de gaz chaud suivant la flèche 4 va accélérer les échanges thermiques avec les produits 3 présents dans la zone de récupération pour produire une augmentation de température de ces produits du côté gauche plus importante que du côté droit du four. Les produits ainsi chauffés plus du côté gauche que du côté droit vont adopter dès la zone de récupération un profil de température du type P3 de la Figure 2 avec une température plus importante de l'extrémité du produit située du côté gauche que du côté droit. It can be seen in FIG. 3 that the burner A1 operates in a short flame and that the burner A2 operates in a long flame. These burners have significant powers which generates large volumes of hot fumes. The burners B1 - C1 and B2 - C2 at the oven inlet are, if necessary, lit in short flame on the left side and in long flame on the right side of the oven. The combined effect of this choice of operating mode of the burners will create a preferential displacement of all the fumes of the burners installed in the oven according to the arrow 4 of FIG. 3, in the recovery zone R of the furnace and up to to their evacuation towards the chimney by the evacuation channel 5. This circulation of hot gas according to the arrow 4 will accelerate the heat exchange with the products 3 present in the recovery zone to produce a temperature increase of these products on the left side more important than the right side of the oven. The products thus heated more on the left than on the right side will adopt from the recovery zone a temperature profile of the type P3 of Figure 2 with a higher temperature of the end of the product located on the left side than on the right side.
On voit que selon l'invention, il est possible dès la zone de récupération d'amorcer le profil de température souhaité au défournement et que ce profil sera maintenu voire augmenté par l'utilisation des brûleurs situés en aval de la zone de récupération. It can be seen that according to the invention, it is possible from the recovery zone to initiate the desired temperature profile at the moment of disassembly and that this profile will be maintained or even increased by the use of the burners located downstream of the recovery zone.
Le brûleur A2 est allumé en permanence en flamme longue, le brûleur A1 est allumé en flamme courte de façon à maintenir la circulation préférentielle des fumées suivant 4. Si nécessaire, comme indiqué sur la figure 3, les brûleurs à modulation de flamme situés après la rangée A vont être allumés en flamme courte du côté gauche du four afin de maintenir et/ou augmenter la différence de température telle que souhaitée par le procédé de laminage. Burner A2 is permanently lit in long flame, burner A1 is lit in short flame so as to maintain the preferential circulation of 4. If necessary, as shown in Figure 3, the flame-modulation burners located after row A will be lit in a short flame on the left side of the oven to maintain and / or increase the temperature difference as desired by the rolling process.
Comme exposé, on fait fonctionner en temps d'allumage différentiel un nombre de rangées de brûleurs à flamme modulable et/ou de rangées de brûleurs à flamme fixe. Ce nombre de rangées peut être indépendant des découpages de zones. De plus, sur les Fours Digitaux, chaque brûleur constitue à lui seul une zone pilotée en demande de puissance. As stated, a number of rows of adjustable flame burners and / or rows of fixed flame burners are operated in differential ignition time. This number of rows can be independent of the zone divisions. In addition, the Digital Ovens, each burner is a single zone driven demand for power.
Pour maintenir ou augmenter le profil de température de type P3 initié dans la zone de récupération, il faut agir sur la méthode d'injection de la puissance des brûleurs, s itués en ava l de la rangée A, par exem ple dans la zone correspondant aux brûleurs B1 et B2, si une puissance thermique de 70 % est nécessaire dans la rangée de brûleurs B, les brûleurs B1 et B2 seront allumés 70 % du temps de cycle pour obtenir une répartition homogène de la puissance thermique injectée dans le produit. Si on souhaite obtenir une température plus importante du côté gauche du four, on pourra maintenir le brûleur B1 allumé en flamme courte pendant 100 % du temps de cycle et n'allumer le brûleur B2 en flamme longue que pendant 40 % du temps de cycle. Par ce moyen, une puissance identique à celle requise par le produit est injectée dans la zone des brûleurs B1 et B2 mais cette puissance est décalée vers l'extrémité 1 du produit pour générer un profil de température du type P3. To maintain or increase the P3-type temperature profile initiated in the recovery zone, it is necessary to act on the method of injecting the power of the burners, located in front of the row A, for example in the corresponding zone. to the burners B1 and B2, if a thermal power of 70% is required in the row of burners B, the burners B1 and B2 will be lit 70% of the cycle time to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the thermal power injected into the product. If it is desired to obtain a higher temperature on the left side of the oven, it will be possible to keep the burner B1 lit in a short flame for 100% of the cycle time and to ignite the burner B2 in long flame only during 40% of the cycle time. By this means, a power identical to that required by the product is injected into the burner zone B1 and B2 but this power is shifted towards the end 1 of the product to generate a temperature profile of the P3 type.
Ce mode de fonctionnement des brûleurs à flamme modulable peut être étendu à l'ensemble des brûleurs à flamme modulable installés dans le four. This mode of operation of the adjustable flame burners can be extended to all the adjustable flame burners installed in the oven.
Il est également possible de conserver ce mode d'injection de la puissance si des brûleurs à flamme fixe équipent la zone, par exemple sur la figure 3, les brûleurs D1 et D2. Pour une demande thermique de 70 % de la puissance dans la rangée D, le brûleur D1 peut être allumé 100 % du temps et le brûleur D2 seulement 40 % du temps. On voit ainsi que l'invention correspond, de préférence, à la mise en œuvre combinée de trois caractéristiques : It is also possible to maintain this power injection mode if fixed flame burners equip the zone, for example in FIG. 3, the burners D1 and D2. For a thermal demand of 70% of the power in row D, the burner D1 can be ignited 100% of the time and the burner D2 only 40% of the time. It can thus be seen that the invention preferably corresponds to the combined implementation of three characteristics:
1 ) l'utilisation de brûleurs à modulation de flamme de puissance importante dans la ou les premières rangées du four, 2) la mise en œuvre de ces brûleurs à flamme modulable en entrée de four suivant un procédé particulier d'allumage de façon à créer un régime thermique spécifique dans la zone de récupération du four à même d'initier le profil de température du produit requis par le processus de laminage en sortie de four, 1) the use of high power flame modulation burners in the first row or rows of the oven, 2) the implementation of these adjustable flame burners at the furnace inlet according to a particular ignition method so as to create a specific thermal regime in the furnace recovery zone able to initiate the temperature profile of the required product by the process of rolling out of the oven,
3) le maintien ou l'augmentation de cette différence de température en utilisant un mode d'allumage spécifique des brûleurs situés en aval de la première rangée A, en particulier en utilisant les brûleurs à flamme modul a b l e e n f lamme courte d u côté du produit à réchauffer préférentiellement et en augmentant le temps d'allumage des brûleurs situés du côté du produit à réchauffer préférentiellement au détriment du brûleur situé du côté opposé.  3) maintaining or increasing this temperature difference by using a specific ignition mode of the burners located downstream of the first row A, in particular by using the adjustable flame burners short flame on the side of the product to be heated preferentially and by increasing the ignition time of the burners located on the side of the product to be heated preferentially to the detriment of the burner located on the opposite side.
Cette combinaison est rendue possible par la m ise au point de brûleurs à modulation de flamme de forte puissance, par exemple comme ceux installés dans les zones de préchauffage du four. This combination is made possible by the development of high power flame modulation burners, for example those installed in the preheating zones of the furnace.
La mise en œuvre de ce procédé permet ainsi d'augmenter l'efficacité de la méthode de création de profils thermiques inclinés de type P2 et P3 dans la brame en l'initiant dès la zone de récupération grâce à l'utilisation de brûleurs à modulation de flamme dans la zone de préchauffage. Par ce moyen, il est possible d'obtenir des différences de températures sur la longueur du produit qui peuvent égaler ou dépasser 60°C pour des procédés de laminage spécifiques. The implementation of this method thus makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the method of creating P2 and P3 type inclined thermal profiles in the slab by initiating it from the recovery zone by using modulating burners. flame in the preheating zone. By this means it is possible to obtain temperature differences over the length of the product which can equal or exceed 60 ° C for specific rolling processes.
On comprend que le mode de pilotage des brûleurs à flamme modulable en entrée de four permet d'obtenir un profil de type P3 comme exposé ci-dessus ou, en adoptant un mode de fonctionnement symétrique des brûleurs, d'obtenir un profil de température de type P2 ou, en mixant les durées durant lesquelles fonctionnent les brûleurs de chaque côté du four en flamme courte ou longue, d'obtenir tout type de profil de température du produit, par exemple les profils P1 , P4 et P5 ou toute combinaison de ces profils. It will be understood that the piloting mode of the adjustable flame burners at the furnace inlet makes it possible to obtain a P3 type profile as explained above or, by adopting a symmetrical operating mode of the burners, to obtain a temperature profile of type P2 or, by mixing the times during which the burners on each side of the furnace operate in a short or long flame, to obtain any type of temperature profile of the product, for example the profiles P1, P4 and P5 or any combination thereof. profiles.
La différence de température entre deux points du produit est ainsi obtenue par le mode de fonctionnement du four selon l'invention, et il est entendu que l'importance de la différence de température sera contrôlée par le système de commande du four en pilotant le nombre nécessaire de rangées de brûleurs jusqu'à l'obtention de cette différence de température. Le contrôle de l'écoulement dans la zone de récupération servant à amorcer le profil de température souhaité à la sortie du four pourrait être obtenu avec un four équipé de brûleurs à flammes fixes sous réserve d'éteindre un brûleur d'un côté du four, ce qui aurait pour conséquence de limiter la puissance injectée dans la rangée correspondante à la puissance d'un seul brûleur. La mise en œuvre simultanée du brûleur A1 en flamme courte et A2 en flamme longue permet l'injection de la puissance de deux brûleurs dans la rangée tout en créant l'effet thermique souhaité sur le produit. Ceci est particulièrement important dans la zone de préchauffage où les puissances unitaires des brûleurs sont importantes. Si un seul brûleur était allumé d'un seul côté, sa puissance devrait être doublée pour créer l'effet thermique souhaité. Doubler la puissance du brûleur imposerait des augmentations de taille de brûleur, des gaines et des vannes qui pourraient ne pas être compatibles avec la place disponible sur les parois du four. The temperature difference between two points of the product is thus obtained by the operating mode of the oven according to the invention, and it is understood that the importance of the temperature difference will be controlled by the furnace control system by controlling the number necessary rows of burners until this difference in temperature. The control of the flow in the recovery zone used to prime the desired temperature profile at the furnace outlet could be obtained with an oven equipped with fixed flame burners provided that a burner on one side of the furnace is extinguished. which would have the effect of limiting the power injected into the row corresponding to the power of a single burner. The simultaneous implementation of the burner A1 short flame and A2 flame long allows the injection of the power of two burners in the row while creating the desired thermal effect on the product. This is particularly important in the preheating zone where the unit powers of the burners are important. If only one burner was lit on one side, its power should be doubled to create the desired thermal effect. Doubling the burner power would impose burner size increases, ducts and valves that may not be compatible with the available space on the oven walls.
Le procédé de l'invention pour réaliser une différence de température entre deux points du produit est piloté par le système de contrôle du four en ajustant le mode de fonctionnement des brûleurs à modulation de flamme (longueur de flamme) et en ajustant le temps d'allumage de l'ensemble des brûleurs (puissance thermique injectée). Par la com binaison de ces deux moyens d'action, il est possible d'obtenir le profil de température de produit souhaité. The method of the invention for achieving a temperature difference between two points of the product is controlled by the furnace control system by adjusting the operating mode of the flame-modulating burners (flame length) and adjusting the time of operation. ignition of all the burners (thermal power injected). By combining these two means of action, it is possible to obtain the desired product temperature profile.
On comprend également que pour l'obtention de profils de températures plats tels que présentés par P1 sur la figure 2, il est possible de faire fonctionner les brûleurs de la zone de préchauffage A1 et A2 en flamme longue pour supprimer la différence de circulation des fumées 4 entre le côté gauche et le côté droit du four et rendre la zone de récupération du four neutre pour ce profil. It is also understood that in order to obtain flat temperature profiles as presented by P1 in FIG. 2, it is possible to operate the burners of the preheating zone A1 and A2 in a long flame in order to eliminate the difference in flue circulation. 4 between the left and right sides of the oven and make the oven recovery area neutral for this profile.
Le mode de fonctionnement cité précédemment peut être également utilisé pour produire des faibles différences de température sur le profil thermique du produit, en ne conservant que l'action des zones de chauffage et d'égalisation pour mieux maîtriser la différence de température à obtenir sur le produit. The operating mode mentioned above can also be used to produce small differences in temperature on the thermal profile of the product, keeping only the action of the heating and equalization zones to better control the temperature difference to be obtained on the product. product.
Ce procédé de pilotage du four peut être assuré par le système d'optimisation de fonctionnement du four de façon à anticiper les modifications de régime therm ique du four par rapport aux produits à enfourner et de réguler avec précision l'importance de la différence de température obtenue sur le produit. This furnace control method can be ensured by the furnace operation optimization system so as to anticipate the changes in thermal regime of the furnace with respect to the products to be fired and to regulate with precision the importance of the temperature difference. obtained on the product.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques comportant des parois longitudinales m un ies de brû leurs latéraux et des parois transversales d'extrémité, et équipé d'une entrée et d'une sortie pour les produits, les brûleurs étant disposés en rangées successives, le four comportant à l'entrée une zone de récupération suivie immédiatement, dans le sens d'avancement des produits, d'une zone de préchauffage, puis de zones de chauffage successives, un canal d'évacuation de fumées étant prévu immédiatement à l'entrée du four, et la zone de récupération étant traversée par les fumées ainsi évacuées, circulant en sens inverse du déplacement des produits, chaque produit étant disposé de manière à s'étendre transversalement au sens d'avancement, caractérisé en ce que le four est équipé, dans les premières rangées de brûleurs, d'au moins une rangée de brûleurs latéraux à modulation de flamme, propres à être commandés pour produire une flamme courte ou une flamme longue, de façon à générer un écoulement préférentiel des fumées dans la zone de récupération afin d'établir, dès la zone de récupération, tout profil souhaité de température du produit, en particulier en pente. 1. Reheating furnace for steel products having longitudinal walls with side burners and end transverse walls, and equipped with an inlet and an outlet for the products, the burners being arranged in successive rows, the furnace having at the inlet a recovery zone immediately followed, in the direction of advancement of the products, a preheating zone, then successive heating zones, a flue gas exhaust channel being provided immediately at the inlet of the oven, and the recovery zone being traversed by the fumes thus discharged, circulating in the opposite direction of the movement of the products, each product being arranged to extend transversely to the direction of travel, characterized in that the oven is equipped, in the first rows of burners, at least one row of flame-modulated side burners, which can be controlled to produce a flame short or a long flame, so as to generate a preferential flow of fumes in the recovery zone to establish, from the recovery zone, any desired temperature profile of the product, in particular on a slope.
et en ce que le four comporte des moyens pour assurer un mode d'allumage spécifique de tout ou partie des brûleurs, en particulier en utilisant des brûleurs à flam m e m odu lable en flam m e courte du côté du produit à chauffer préférentiellement et en augmentant le temps d'allumage des brûleurs du côté du produit à réchauffer préférentiellement au détriment des brûleurs opposés. and in that the furnace comprises means for ensuring a specific ignition mode of all or part of the burners, in particular by using flam burners which are similarly short in flame on the side of the product to be heated preferentially and by increasing the ignition time of the burners on the side of the product to be heated preferentially to the detriment of the opposite burners.
2. Procédé d'exploitation d'un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques selon la revendication 1 , chaque produit étant disposé de manière à s'étendre suivant la largeur du four, et devant présenter en sortie du four un profil de température déterminé entre ses deux extrém ités tournées vers les parois longitudinales du four, caractérisé en ce que les brûleurs d'au moins la première rangée, dans le sens d'avancement des produits, fonctionnent en flamme courte du côté de l'extrémité du produit qui doit être la plus chaude, et en flamme longue du côté de l'autre extrémité du produit, de façon à initier un profil de température sur le produit du type de celui souhaité en sortie du four dès la zone de récupération du four. 2. A method of operating a reheating furnace of steel products according to claim 1, each product being arranged to extend along the width of the furnace, and to have at the output of the furnace a temperature profile determined between its two extremes turned towards the longitudinal walls of the furnace, characterized in that the burners of at least the first row, in the direction of advancement of the products, operate in a short flame on the side of the end of the product which must be the warmer, and long flame on the side of the other end of the product, so as to initiate a temperature profile on the product of the type of the desired one at the outlet of the oven from the recovery zone of the oven.
3. Procédé d'exploitation d'un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on assure une commande du fonctionnement des brûleurs qui permet de rendre active la zone de récupération (R) en y établissant un profil souhaité de température du produit. 3. A method of operating a reheat furnace of steel products according to claim 2, characterized in that one ensures a control of the burner operation that enables the recovery zone (R) to be activated by establishing a desired temperature profile of the product therein.
4. Procédé d'exploitation d'un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on assure le maintien ou l'augmentation d'une différence de température entre les deux extrémités du produit en utilisant un mode d'allumage spécifique de tout ou partie des brûleurs, en particulier en utilisant des brûleurs à flamme modulable en flamme courte du côté du produit à chauffer préférentiellement et en augmentant le tem ps d' al l um age des brû leu rs d u côté d u p ro d u i t à ré ch a uffe r préférentiellement au détriment des brûleurs opposés. 4. A method of operating an ironmaking furnace according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it maintains or increases a temperature difference between the two ends of the product using a specific mode of ignition of all or part of the burners, in particular by using short-flame flame burners on the side of the product to be heated preferentially and by increasing the time of burner alumeration on the side dup ro du to r ch eats r preferentially to the detriment of the opposing burners.
5. Procédé d'exploitation d'un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques selon la revendication 2 ou 3, le four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques étant équipé de brûleurs latéraux à modulation de flamme pour obtenir un profil de température longitudinal plat sur le produit, caractérisé en ce que : 5. A method of operating a reheat furnace of steel products according to claim 2 or 3, the reheating furnace of steel products being equipped with flame-retardant side burners to obtain a flat longitudinal temperature profile on the product, characterized in that
- le ou les premiers brûleurs dans le sens d'avancement des produits sont des brûleurs à modulation de flamme capables de produire une flamme courte ou une flamme longue ; the first burner (s) in the direction of advancement of the products are flame-modulation burners capable of producing a short flame or a long flame;
- les brûleurs du four d'une même rangée fonctionnent en mode identique de chaque côté du four, pour le type de flamme et le temps d'allumage. - the oven burners of the same row operate in identical mode on each side of the oven, for the type of flame and the ignition time.
6. Procédé d'exploitation, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, d'un four de réchauffage de produits sidérurgiques comportant des brûleurs à flamme modulable et des brûleurs à flamme fixe, caractérisé par la mise en œuvre d'un algorithme de pilotage des brûleurs à flamme modulable et à flamme fixe destiné à produire tout type de profil de température dans le produit. 6. Operating method, according to any one of claims 2 to 5, a furnace for heating steel products comprising adjustable flame burners and fixed flame burners, characterized by the implementation of an algorithm Flame and variable flame burner control system for producing any type of temperature profile in the product.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par l'obtention de profils de température plats du produit selon la direction orthogonale au sens d'avancement. 7. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by obtaining flat temperature profiles of the product in the direction orthogonal to the direction of travel.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par l'obtention de profils de température en pente du produit selon la direction orthogonale au sens d'avancement, la température d'une extrémité du produit étant supérieure à celle de l'autre extrémité. 8. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by obtaining slope temperature profiles of the product in the direction orthogonal to the direction of travel, the temperature of one end of the product being greater than that of the other end. .
9. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par l'obtention de profils de température à double pente, avec une température de produit, entre les extrémités, supérieure ou inférieure à celle du centre. 9. The method of claim 2 or 3, characterized by obtaining double slope temperature profiles, with a product temperature, between the ends, greater or less than that of the center.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, à la sortie du four, la différence entre la température d'une extrémité du produit et celle de l'autre extrémité est comprise entre 60°C et 120°C. 10. The method of claim 8, characterized in that, at the outlet of the oven, the difference between the temperature of one end of the product and that of the other end is between 60 ° C and 120 ° C.
EP14802201.5A 2013-11-12 2014-11-07 Furnace for reheating metallurgical products, such as billets and slabs Active EP3068910B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL14802201T PL3068910T3 (en) 2013-11-12 2014-11-07 Furnace for reheating metallurgical products, such as billets and slabs

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1361013A FR3013109B1 (en) 2013-11-12 2013-11-12 OVEN FOR HEATING OF STEEL PRODUCTS, SUCH AS BILLETS AND BRAMES
PCT/IB2014/065873 WO2015071809A1 (en) 2013-11-12 2014-11-07 Furnace for reheating metallurgical products, such as billets and slabs

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EP3068910B1 EP3068910B1 (en) 2019-01-16

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FR3013109A1 (en) 2015-05-15
WO2015071809A1 (en) 2015-05-21
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PL3068910T3 (en) 2019-07-31
TR201903375T4 (en) 2019-03-21
ES2719109T3 (en) 2019-07-08

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