EP3056811B1 - Method for cooling solid residues of a combustion process - Google Patents

Method for cooling solid residues of a combustion process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3056811B1
EP3056811B1 EP16154630.4A EP16154630A EP3056811B1 EP 3056811 B1 EP3056811 B1 EP 3056811B1 EP 16154630 A EP16154630 A EP 16154630A EP 3056811 B1 EP3056811 B1 EP 3056811B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coolant
conveying
conveyor belt
cooling medium
strand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16154630.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3056811A1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Tran
Werner Brennwald
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Hitachi Zosen Innova AG
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Hitachi Zosen Innova AG
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Publication date
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Priority to EP16154630.4A priority Critical patent/EP3056811B1/en
Priority to PL16154630T priority patent/PL3056811T3/en
Publication of EP3056811A1 publication Critical patent/EP3056811A1/en
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Publication of EP3056811B1 publication Critical patent/EP3056811B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F23J1/02—Apparatus for removing ash, clinker, or slag from ash-pits, e.g. by employing trucks or conveyors, by employing suction devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0213—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0266—Cooling with means to convey the charge on an endless belt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/02—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by influencing fluid boundary
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01002—Cooling of ashes from the combustion chamber by indirect heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
    • F23L2900/15041—Preheating combustion air by recuperating heat from ashes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0045—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for granular materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cooling solid residues of a combustion process according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a conveying device for carrying out this method.
  • Incinerators for burning solid fuels such as municipal waste, refuse derived fuels, biomass and other materials are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Such systems include a combustion chamber in which the solid is burned while supplying so-called primary air.
  • the solids pass through various sub-processes from the inlet into the combustion chamber to the outlet, which can be subdivided roughly into drying, ignition, combustion and ash burning.
  • the lumpy residual solids present at the end of the combustion process are referred to as slag in the field of waste incineration.
  • Another part of solid residues may be present as fly ash, which is deposited by means of filters essentially in a downstream exhaust gas purification, viewed in the direction of flow of the exhaust gases.
  • the slag is discharged from the waste incineration plant by means of a de-scaling device, which as a rule comprises an intake shaft through which the slag from the combustion chamber falls into a tank filled with water.
  • the thus deleted slag is then about means ejected corresponding plunger and transported to an interim storage (bunker or container).
  • a device according to EP-A-0 252 967 which describes a device for continuous, dry Bodenascheabbow comprising a conveyor belt over which a controlled by a valve amount of air is discharged against the direction of the ash removal, so that the heat given off to the air is returned to the combustion chamber.
  • EP-A-2 665 971 and DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 required gas flow over the ash bed while a relatively large amount of air is introduced into the interior of the corresponding conveyor. In order to prevent an unfavorable for the burn-out and the energy balance temperature reduction in the furnace, but it must be ensured that as little cooling air enters the furnace.
  • EP-A-2 665 971 proposed a device for cooling of ashes from a firebox, which comprises a conveyor belt, the conveying surface is provided with openings to allow air flow through the conveying surface and the ash bed therethrough. In this way, a more efficient cooling with less air is to be made possible.
  • the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art in specific a strong dust and an impacted by false air energy balance of the incinerator are to be avoided.
  • the invention thus relates to a method for cooling of solid residues of a combustion process, which are applied to the conveying surface of a conveyor belt of a conveyor and conveyed towards a solids residue outlet, wherein during the promotion heat from the Residual residues is transferred to a gaseous cooling medium.
  • the conveyor belt is now loaded with the gaseous cooling medium only on its side facing away from the conveying surface and is substantially impermeable to the cooling medium.
  • the temperature of the solid residue deposited on the conveying surface is in the range of 200 ° C to 500 ° C, preferably 200 ° C to 300 ° C.
  • These solids residues are preferably cooled to below 150 ° C during production to the solids residue outlet, more preferably below 100 ° C.
  • the cooling medium according to the invention is gaseous. As will be explained below, air is preferably used as the cooling medium.
  • the heat transfer according to the invention or the resulting cooling of the solid particles thus differs fundamentally from technologies in which a liquid spray is used which due to the other material properties, in particular the higher density, compared to a gaseous cooling medium at reasonable cost only very unfavorable can be distributed to the surface to be cooled.
  • at least part of the cooling medium warmed up by contact with the conveyor belt is extracted on the side facing away from the conveying surface. In other words, the warmed cooling medium is withdrawn from the space below the conveying surface and thus the heat is removed from the system.
  • the invention is thus based on the fact that the conveyor belt not only serves to convey the solids residues in the direction of the solids residue outlet, but also enables a spatial separation of the solid residues from the cooling medium or from the cooling system for cooling the solids residues.
  • the conveyor belt for the cooling medium is substantially impermeable and is acted upon only on its side facing away from the conveying surface with cooling medium.
  • necessary for the cooling cooling medium circulation is accomplished only in a space which is separated from the space in which the solid residues are arranged; a cooling medium-solid mixture is thus avoided according to the invention.
  • the cooling of the residual solids indirectly, i. can be ensured without direct contact between residual solids and cooling medium, incidentally, as little false air as possible passes through the cooling system in the furnace.
  • This makes it possible to better control the amount of air supplied to the combustion chamber for the primary combustion and thus the temperature in the combustion chamber, which has a positive influence on the energy balance of the incineration plant.
  • the heated cooling medium after extraction as heating means for heating the air required for combustion or otherwise use, for example in a neighboring district heating or a different type of energy recovery system.
  • the cooling medium is gaseous, in particular air. This can potentially corrosion problems, as they can occur in particular when using water as a cooling medium, effectively prevented, whereby the maintenance can be further minimized.
  • An anhydrous cooling process especially in combination with a dry discharge of slag, has the additional advantage that no water treatment costs are incurred.
  • a gaseous cooling medium is used.
  • no liquid spray is used, which according to the teaching of DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 is considered essential.
  • the resulting from the use of a liquid spray and also in the DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 described problems that the spray must be collected and cleaned before reuse, thus resulting according to the invention not.
  • the conveyor belt is acted upon by cooling medium via gas nozzle openings, which are arranged at least partially at a distance of less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and most preferably less than 10 cm from the surface of the conveyor belt to be acted upon ,
  • the outlet openings over which the cooling medium is withdrawn, can be arranged at least partially at a similar distance from the surface of the conveyor belt to be acted upon.
  • the outlet openings are arranged at a distance of less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and most preferably less than 10 cm from the surface of the conveyor belt to be acted upon. This ensures that the warmed up cooling medium is extracted early, which ultimately results in an optimized cooling.
  • the flow path of the cooling medium can be kept low, which avoids that the warmed up cooling medium stays too long in the space on the side facing away from the conveying surface of the conveyor belt and thus could adversely affect the cooling efficiency.
  • the present invention also relates to a conveying device for carrying out the method.
  • the conveying device comprises a conveyor belt, preferably an endless conveyor belt, with a conveying surface for conveying solid residues, the conveying device additionally having means for cooling the solids residues, and these means a cooling medium feed for introducing a gaseous cooling medium and a cooling medium discharge for extracting comprise at least a portion of the heated from the solids residues cooling medium.
  • the conveyor belt is substantially impermeable to the cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium supply and the necessarilymediumab Installation are designed such that the cooling medium is in contact only with the side facing away from the conveying surface of the conveyor belt.
  • the cooling medium supply is configured such that the conveyor belt is acted upon with cooling medium only on the side facing away from the conveying surface.
  • the conveying device also generally comprises an elongate housing which, together with the conveyor belt, encloses a space to which the cooling medium supply and the cooling medium discharge are connected.
  • the conveying device or the conveying direction F defined by it extends horizontally in its first section, to which an obliquely upward second section adjoins, and the solid residues in particular in the second section Cooling medium to be cooled.
  • the conveyor belt is an endless conveyor belt, which is guided around at least two rollers and forms a loop with conveying strand and return strand.
  • the residual solids are taken up on the conveying surface of the conveying strand and conveyed in the conveying direction F.
  • Such a construction of the conveyor belt is possible, for example, with metal plates that extend over the entire width of the conveyor belt and overlap.
  • metal plates that extend over the entire width of the conveyor belt and overlap.
  • plates made of steel are selected.
  • the most efficient possible sealing of the coolant flowed through by the cooling medium Space under the conveying run can be achieved by a structural design of sheets, which are arranged on the side walls and the edges of the conveying run surmounted such that the gap between these sheets and the conveying strand is kept as small as possible and by this "concealment" a high Flow resistance is achieved.
  • a simple embodiment comprises ademediumzubuchverteilrohr connected to a cooling medium compressor, via which the cooling medium is distributed in cooling medium supply pipes, which lead either directly or via a feed coupling pipe to a corresponding, arranged in a side wall of the housing cooling medium inlet.
  • cooling medium removal it is conceivable to conduct the heated cooling medium by means of ademediumabsaugungdemediumauslässe in the side wall either directly or via discharge coupling pipes in correspondingdemediumabbowrohre and then collect in ademediumabbowsammelrohr.
  • Cooling medium supply on the same side of the conveying device as the cooling medium discharge or else on the respectively opposite side. Accordingly, the Cooling medium inlets and thedemediumauslässe arranged in the same side wall or in the respective opposite side walls.
  • the space between the conveying run and the return run is separated by a wall running essentially parallel to the conveying run plane, in order to form a space between the conveying run and this wall, and to allocate the cooling medium feed and the cooling medium discharge to this gap.
  • the space between the conveying run and the return run in the conveying direction can be separated into at least two compartments, wherein the cooling medium supply and / or discharge assigned to the different compartments or connected to the different compartments respectively has at least one valve for controlling the one to be introduced Cooling medium quantity is assigned.
  • the conveying device is designed for the use of air as a cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium supply preferably comprises gas nozzles, the openings of which at least partially at a distance of less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and most preferably less than 10 cm from the surface to be acted upon Conveyor belts, in particular the underside of the conveyor run, are arranged.
  • the gas nozzles are in the form of cooling medium supply nozzle tubes. These cooling medium supply nozzle pipes are connected to the cooling medium supply pipes and have nozzle pipe openings in their uppermost area.
  • a plurality of gas nozzle openings are arranged distributed over the entire width of the conveyor belt, in order to ensure the most even possible application of cooling medium in the width direction.
  • the gas nozzles are in the form ofmémediumzubowdüsenrohren, they thus preferably extend in a direction transverse to the conveying direction, ie in the width direction of the conveyor belt.
  • the method and the conveying direction of the present invention are of particular relevance in particular in the field of waste incineration, in particular with regard to the cooling of the slag arising in the furnace at the end of the combustion process.
  • the present invention thus relates to a waste incineration plant comprising the above-described conveying device.
  • the waste incineration plant comprises a combustion chamber 2 which is preceded by a refuse feed 4 with a refuse shaft 6 adjoining it.
  • the combustion chamber 2 comprises a combustion grate 10, which in the embodiment shown is subdivided into four combustion grate sections (not shown) and is supplied with primary air via a primary air supply 11.
  • a primary air supply line 16 opens and which is intended to supply primary air via corresponding primary air channels through the combustion grate 10 to the fuel bed.
  • the conveyor device comprises a conveyor belt 38, which is formed in the embodiment shown as an endless conveyor belt, which is guided on support rollers 33 and a conveying strand 30, on the conveying surface 37, the solid residues 32, which are present in a specific case as slag 321, recorded and in the Conveying direction F are promoted, and forms arasttrum 31.
  • the conveying device runs horizontally in a first section, followed by an obliquely upwardly extending second section, in which the cooling of the slag 321 takes place.
  • cooling medium is introduced via a cooling medium supply 40 under the conveying surface 37 of the conveyor belt 38.
  • the cooling medium supply 40 comprises in principle a to ademediumkompressor 44 connecteddemediumzuschreibverteilrohr 41, via which the cooling medium is distributed in cooling medium supply pipes 43 a to 43 d, which in each case optionally, as in particular Fig. 2 shown, lead via a coupling pipe to a corresponding cooling medium inlet 42a to 42h.
  • the cooling medium discharge comprises cooling medium outlets, via which cooling medium is extracted in each case via cooling medium discharge pipes assigned via a cooling medium outlet.
  • Thedemediumabbowrohre open into a cooling medium discharge manifold.
  • the solid-body outlet 17 adjoins the end of the conveyor belt 38 which is viewed in the conveying direction F and, in the embodiment shown, is in the form of a discharge shaft into which the cooled slag 321 is dropped.
  • the cooling effected according to the invention in the conveying device and corresponding cooling medium feeds and cooling medium discharges are based on the Fig. 2 further illustrated.
  • the conveyance apparatus 1 includes an elongated housing 39, cooling medium inlets, only two of which cooling medium inlets 42c and 42d are shown, cooling medium outlets, of which only the cooling medium outlet 22c is partially shown, and cooling medium supply nozzle pipes 45a to 45d.
  • the conveying strand 30 and the return strand 31 of the conveyor belt 38 form a loop, which encloses a space 47 together with the laterally arranged side walls 391 and 392 of the housing 39.
  • cooling medium supply pipes for example 43b
  • cooling medium is supplied to the cooling medium supply nozzle pipes 45a to 45d.
  • the cooling medium is introduced to the conveying surface 37 of the conveyor belt 38 side facing away from the space 47.
  • Coolant supply nozzle tubes shown in section are generally oriented at right angles to the side wall and are shown in this figure for illustration in slightly distorted perspective.
  • a supply coupling pipe 46b is formed, which is connected via a cooling medium inlet 42d to four cooling medium supply nozzle pipes 45a to 45d, via which air to the side of the conveyor belt facing away from the conveying surface is introduced.
  • the cooling medium supply nozzle pipes 45a to 45d are closed at their end facing away from the cooling medium inlet 42d and have four nozzle tube openings 36a to 36d in their uppermost region, via which the cooling medium is distributed over the entire width of the conveyor belt 38.
  • cooling medium supply pipes are not connected to cooling medium supply nozzle pipes, but merely open into the space 47 via openings at the inlets and thus introduce the cooling medium.
  • Fig. 4 represents a concrete example of an air supply and corresponds to the Fig. 3 with housing: two cooling medium inlets 42c and 42d arranged in the side wall 392 are connected to a cooling medium supply pipe 43b via a supply coupling pipe 46b.
  • This construction unit is used in the embodiment of Fig. 1 repeated four times; they are each connected to the samedemediumzubowverteilrohr 41, via which a cooling medium compressor 44 feeds the cooling medium into the space 47 below the delivery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Structure Of Belt Conveyors (AREA)
  • Belt Conveyors (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Kühlung von Feststoffrückständen eines Verbrennungsprozesses gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Fördervorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The present invention relates to a method for cooling solid residues of a combustion process according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a conveying device for carrying out this method.

Verbrennungsanlagen zur Verbrennung von festen Brennstoffen wie Siedlungsabfällen, Ersatzbrennstoffen, Biomasse und anderen Materialien sind dem Fachmann bestens bekannt. Solche Anlagen umfassen einen Feuerraum, in dem der Feststoff unter Zuführung von sogenannter Primärluft verbrannt wird. Dabei durchläuft der Feststoff vom Einlass in den Feuerraum zum Auslass hin verschiedene Teilprozesse, die sich grob in Trocknung, Zündung, Verbrennung und Ascheausbrand unterteilen lassen.Incinerators for burning solid fuels such as municipal waste, refuse derived fuels, biomass and other materials are well known to those skilled in the art. Such systems include a combustion chamber in which the solid is burned while supplying so-called primary air. In the process, the solids pass through various sub-processes from the inlet into the combustion chamber to the outlet, which can be subdivided roughly into drying, ignition, combustion and ash burning.

Die am Ende des Verbrennungsprozesses vorliegenden stückigen Feststoffrückstände werden auf dem Gebiet der Müllverbrennung als Schlacke bezeichnet. Ein weiterer Teil an Feststoffrückständen kann etwa als Flugasche vorliegen, die im Wesentlichen in einer in Strömungsrichtung der Abgase betrachtet stromabwärts durchgeführten Abgasreinigung mittels Filtern abgeschieden wird.The lumpy residual solids present at the end of the combustion process are referred to as slag in the field of waste incineration. Another part of solid residues may be present as fly ash, which is deposited by means of filters essentially in a downstream exhaust gas purification, viewed in the direction of flow of the exhaust gases.

Die Schlacke wird aus der Müllverbrennungsanlage mittels einer Entschlackervorrichtung ausgetragen, welche in der Regel einen Einfallschacht umfasst, über den die Schlacke aus dem Feuerraum in eine mit Wasser gefüllte Wanne fällt. Die derart gelöschte Schlacke wird dann etwa mittels entsprechender Stössel ausgestossen und in ein Zwischenlager (Bunker oder Container) weitertransportiert.The slag is discharged from the waste incineration plant by means of a de-scaling device, which as a rule comprises an intake shaft through which the slag from the combustion chamber falls into a tank filled with water. The thus deleted slag is then about means ejected corresponding plunger and transported to an interim storage (bunker or container).

Im Sinne einer erhöhten Wertschöpfung der Müllverbrennungsanlagen werden seit geraumer Zeit grosse Anstrengungen unternommen, wiederverwertbare Materialien aus der Schlacke zurückzugewinnen. Für diese Rückgewinnung wird die Schlacke einer geeigneten Separation unterworfen. Eine möglichst vollständige Separation kann allerdings nur an trockener Schlacke vorgenommen werden.In order to increase the added value of waste incineration plants, great efforts have been made for quite some time to recover recyclable materials from the slag. For this recovery, the slag is subjected to a suitable separation. The most complete separation, however, can only be done on dry slag.

So wird etwa in EP-A-2 778 523 eine Schlackeaufbereitungsvorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von trockener Schlacke aus einem Feuerraum einer Müllverbrennungsanlage beschrieben, die eine Auftrennung der Schlacke in mindestens eine trockene Feinfraktion und eine Grobfraktion ermöglicht.So will be in about EP-A-2 778 523 a slag treatment apparatus for treating dry slag from a combustion chamber of a waste incineration plant is described, which allows a separation of the slag into at least one dry fine fraction and a coarse fraction.

Damit die trockene Schlacke möglichst bald ausgetragen beziehungsweise einer weiteren Verarbeitung zugänglich gemacht werden kann, muss sie einer Kühlung unterzogen werden.So that the dry slag can be discharged as soon as possible or made available for further processing, it must be subjected to a cooling.

Hierzu ist prinzipiell zum Beispiel eine Vorrichtung gemäss EP-A-0 252 967 denkbar, die eine Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen, trockenen Bodenascheabfuhr beschreibt, welche ein Förderband umfasst, über dem eine durch ein Ventil gesteuerte Luftmenge gegenströmend zur Richtung der Aschenabfuhr abgegeben wird, sodass die an die Luft abgegebene Wärme wieder in den Feuerraum zurückgeführt wird.For this purpose, in principle, for example, a device according to EP-A-0 252 967 conceivable, which describes a device for continuous, dry Bodenascheabfuhr comprising a conveyor belt over which a controlled by a valve amount of air is discharged against the direction of the ash removal, so that the heat given off to the air is returned to the combustion chamber.

Zudem wird in DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 ein Verfahren beschrieben, bei welchem das heisse Material mittels über das Material strömender Kühlluft gekühlt wird und zudem die Unterseite eines Obertrums des Fördermittels mit einem flüssigen Sprühmittel besprüht wird. Ein Besprühen der Unterseite eines Förderbands mit Wasser wird im Übrigen auch in der NL 1018683 gelehrt.In addition, in DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 describes a method in which the hot material is cooled by means of flowing over the material cooling air and also the underside of an upper strand of the conveyor is sprayed with a liquid spray. A spraying the underside of a conveyor belt with water is incidentally also in the NL 1018683 taught.

Dokument DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 stellt den nächstliegenden Stand der Technik dar.document DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 represents the closest prior art.

Aufgrund der für die Kühlung gemäss EP-A-0 252 967 , EP-A-2 665 971 und DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 erforderlichen Gasströmung über dem Aschenbett wird dabei eine relativ grosse Menge an Luft in den Innenraum der entsprechenden Fördervorrichtung eingebracht. Um eine für den Ausbrand und die Energiebilanz ungünstige Temperaturerniedrigung im Feuerraum zu verhindern, muss aber gewährleistet werden, dass möglichst wenig Kühlluft in den Feuerraum gelangt.Due to the cooling according to EP-A-0 252 967 . EP-A-2 665 971 and DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 required gas flow over the ash bed while a relatively large amount of air is introduced into the interior of the corresponding conveyor. In order to prevent an unfavorable for the burn-out and the energy balance temperature reduction in the furnace, but it must be ensured that as little cooling air enters the furnace.

Vor diesem Hintergrund wird etwa in EP-A-2 665 971 eine Vorrichtung zur Kühlung von Aschen aus einem Feuerraum vorgeschlagen, welche ein Förderband umfasst, dessen Förderfläche mit Öffnungen versehen ist, um eine Luftströmung durch die Förderfläche und das Aschenbett hindurch zu ermöglichen. Auf diese Weise soll eine effizientere Kühlung mit weniger Luft ermöglicht werden.Against this background will be approximately in EP-A-2 665 971 proposed a device for cooling of ashes from a firebox, which comprises a conveyor belt, the conveying surface is provided with openings to allow air flow through the conveying surface and the ash bed therethrough. In this way, a more efficient cooling with less air is to be made possible.

Ganz allgemein ergibt sich aber sowohl bei dem in EP-A-0 252 967 als auch dem in EP-A-2 665 971 beschriebenen Verfahren der Nachteil einer erheblichen Staubentwicklung, welcher mit aufwändigen Massnahmen begegnet werden muss. Zudem gelangt in beiden Verfahren eine unkontrollierte Menge an Luft in den Feuerraum, die zu einer für die Energiebilanz und für den Ausbrand ungünstigen Temperaturerniedrigung im Feuerraum führt.In general, however, arises both in the EP-A-0 252 967 as well as the in EP-A-2 665 971 described method of disadvantage of a considerable dust, which must be met with complex measures. In addition, in both methods, an uncontrolled amount of air enters the combustion chamber, which leads to an unfavorable for the energy balance and for burnout temperature reduction in the furnace.

Was die in DE 10 2009 060 305 beschriebene Technologie betrifft, so ergeben sich aus der darin empfohlenen Verwendung eines flüssigen Sprühmittels weitere Probleme hinsichtlich einer möglichen Korrosion der Fördervorrichtung bzw. von Bestandteilen davon. Zusätzlich ergibt sich aufgrund der Verwendung eines flüssigen Sprühmittels die Notwendigkeit, relativ häufige Wartungsarbeiten durchzuführen, was wiederum Betriebsausfälle mit sich bringt. Schliesslich ist zu gewährleisten, dass eine ausreichende Wasserzufuhr vorhanden ist und das beim Verfahren anfallende Abwasser aufbereitet oder entsorgt werden kann.What the in DE 10 2009 060 305 As regards the described technology, the use of a liquid spray recommended therein poses further problems with regard to possible corrosion of the product Conveying device or components thereof. In addition, due to the use of a liquid spray, there is a need to perform relatively frequent maintenance, which in turn results in downtime. Finally, it must be ensured that there is sufficient water supply and that the wastewater generated during the process can be treated or disposed of.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es somit, ein Verfahren zur Kühlung von Feststoffrückständen eines Verbrennungsprozesses zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches erlaubt, die Feststoffrückstände zu kühlen, gleichzeitig aber auch wartungsarm ist und zu einer vorteilhaften Energiebilanz der Verbrennungsanlage insgesamt beiträgt. Insbesondere sollen die genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik, im spezifischen eine starke Staubentwicklung und eine durch Falschluft beeinträchtigte Energiebilanz der Verbrennungsanlage, vermieden werden.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for cooling solid residues of a combustion process which allows the solid residues to be cooled, but at the same time also requires little maintenance and contributes to an advantageous energy balance of the incineration plant as a whole. In particular, the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, in specific a strong dust and an impacted by false air energy balance of the incinerator are to be avoided.

Im Weiteren ist denkbar die dargestellte Erfindung für die Kühlung von Aschen, die bei einer Abgasreinigung anfallen, einzusetzen.Furthermore, it is conceivable to use the illustrated invention for the cooling of ashes incurred in an exhaust gas purification.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss gelöst durch das Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1 und die Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 8. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen wiedergegeben.The object is achieved according to the invention by the method according to claim 1 and the device according to claim 8. Preferred embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

Gemäss Anspruch 1 betrifft die Erfindung somit ein Verfahren zur Kühlung von Feststoffrückständen eines Verbrennungsprozesses, welche auf die Förderfläche eines Förderbands einer Fördervorrichtung aufgegeben und in Richtung zu einem Feststoffrückstandauslass gefördert werden, wobei während der Förderung Wärme von den Feststoffrückständen auf ein gasförmiges Kühlmedium übertragen wird.According to claim 1, the invention thus relates to a method for cooling of solid residues of a combustion process, which are applied to the conveying surface of a conveyor belt of a conveyor and conveyed towards a solids residue outlet, wherein during the promotion heat from the Residual residues is transferred to a gaseous cooling medium.

Erfindungsgemäss wird nun das Förderband lediglich auf seiner der Förderfläche abgewandten Seite mit dem gasförmigen Kühlmedium beaufschlagt und ist für das Kühlmedium im Wesentlichen undurchlässig.According to the invention, the conveyor belt is now loaded with the gaseous cooling medium only on its side facing away from the conveying surface and is substantially impermeable to the cooling medium.

Typischerweise liegt die Temperatur der auf die Förderfläche aufgegebenen Feststoffrückstände im Bereich von 200°C bis 500°C, bevorzugt von 200°C bis 300°C.Typically, the temperature of the solid residue deposited on the conveying surface is in the range of 200 ° C to 500 ° C, preferably 200 ° C to 300 ° C.

Diese Feststoffrückstände werden während der Förderung zum Feststoffrückstandauslass vorzugsweise auf unter 150°C gekühlt, bevorzugter auf unter 100°C.These solids residues are preferably cooled to below 150 ° C during production to the solids residue outlet, more preferably below 100 ° C.

Das Kühlmedium ist erfindungsgemäss gasförmig. Wie weiter unten ausgeführt wird, wird bevorzugt Luft als Kühlmedium verwendet. Die erfindungsgemässe Wärmeübertragung bzw. die dadurch erhaltene Kühlung der Feststoffpartikel unterscheidet sich somit grundlegend von Technologien, in denen ein flüssiges Sprühmittel verwendet wird, welches aufgrund der anderen stofflichen Eigenschaften, insbesondere der höheren Dichte, im Vergleich zu einem gasförmigen Kühlmedium unter vertretbarem Aufwand nur sehr ungünstig auf die zu kühlende Fläche verteilt werden kann. Erfindungsgemäss wird mindestens ein Teil des durch Kontakt mit dem Förderband aufgewärmten Kühlmediums auf der der Förderfläche abgewandten Seite extrahiert. Mit anderen Worten wird das aufgewärmte Kühlmedium aus dem Raum unter der Förderfläche abgezogen und die Wärme somit aus dem System entzogen.The cooling medium according to the invention is gaseous. As will be explained below, air is preferably used as the cooling medium. The heat transfer according to the invention or the resulting cooling of the solid particles thus differs fundamentally from technologies in which a liquid spray is used which due to the other material properties, in particular the higher density, compared to a gaseous cooling medium at reasonable cost only very unfavorable can be distributed to the surface to be cooled. According to the invention, at least part of the cooling medium warmed up by contact with the conveyor belt is extracted on the side facing away from the conveying surface. In other words, the warmed cooling medium is withdrawn from the space below the conveying surface and thus the heat is removed from the system.

Die Erfindung basiert somit darauf, dass das Förderband nicht nur zur Förderung der Feststoffrückstände in Richtung zum Feststoffrückstandauslass dient, sondern dass es auch eine räumliche Trennung der Feststoffrückstände vom Kühlmedium bzw. vom Kühlungssystem zur Kühlung der Feststoffrückstände ermöglicht.The invention is thus based on the fact that the conveyor belt not only serves to convey the solids residues in the direction of the solids residue outlet, but also enables a spatial separation of the solid residues from the cooling medium or from the cooling system for cooling the solids residues.

Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass das Förderband für das Kühlmedium im Wesentlichen undurchlässig ist und lediglich auf seiner der Förderfläche abgewandten Seite mit Kühlmedium beaufschlagt wird. Mit anderen Worten wird für die Kühlung notwendige Kühlmediumzirkulation lediglich in einem Raum bewerkstelligt, der von demjenigen Raum, in dem die Feststoffrückstände angeordnet sind, getrennt ist; ein Kühlmedium-Feststoff-Gemisch wird somit erfindungsgemäss vermieden.This is achieved in that the conveyor belt for the cooling medium is substantially impermeable and is acted upon only on its side facing away from the conveying surface with cooling medium. In other words, necessary for the cooling cooling medium circulation is accomplished only in a space which is separated from the space in which the solid residues are arranged; a cooling medium-solid mixture is thus avoided according to the invention.

Im Gegensatz zu den Lehren der EP-A-0 252 967 , DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 und EP-A-2 665 971 wurde überraschenderweise festgestellt, dass über die indirekte Wärmeübertragung von den Feststoffrückständen auf das gasförmige Kühlmedium eine ausreichende Kühlung erzielt werden kann. Insbesondere wurde festgestellt, dass weder ein direkter Kontakt des Kühlmediums, noch eine zusätzliche Verwendung eines flüssigen Sprühmittels notwendig ist, um eine ausreichende Kühlung zu erzielen.In contrast to the teachings of EP-A-0 252 967 . DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 and EP-A-2 665 971 It has surprisingly been found that sufficient cooling can be achieved via the indirect heat transfer from the solid residues to the gaseous cooling medium. In particular, it has been found that neither direct contact of the cooling medium, nor additional use of a liquid spray is necessary to achieve sufficient cooling.

Das sich in den Verfahren gemäss EP-A-0 252 967 , DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 als auch EP-A-2 665 971 ergebende Problem der Staubentwicklung, welche ihre Ursache darin hat, dass Luft über das Aschenbett oder durch das Aschenbett hindurch eingebracht wird und daher während des Transports der Feststoffrückstände zwangsläufig ein Luft-Feststoff-Gemisch erzeugt wird, kann somit erfindungsgemäss umgegangen werden. Letztendlich wird dadurch ein wartungsarmes und einfaches Verfahren zur Kühlung der Feststoffrückstände, insbesondere Schlacke oder Asche, zur Verfügung gestellt.This is in the process according to EP-A-0 252 967 . DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 as well as EP-A-2 665 971 resulting dusting problem, which has its cause in that air is introduced through the ash bed or through the ash bed and therefore inevitably an air-solid mixture is generated during the transport of the solid residues, thus according to the invention be handled. Ultimately, this provides a low-maintenance and simple method for cooling the solid residues, in particular slag or ash.

Indem erfindungsgemäss die Kühlung der Feststoffrückstände indirekt, d.h. ohne direkten Kontakt zwischen Feststoffrückständen und Kühlmedium, bewirkt wird, kann im Übrigen gewährleistet werden, dass so wenig Falschluft wie möglich über das Kühlsystem in den Feuerraum gelangt. Dies erlaubt es, die zum Feuerraum für die Primärverbrennung zugeführte Luftmenge und damit die Temperatur im Feuerraum besser zu kontrollieren, was einen positiven Einfluss auf die Energiebilanz der Verbrennungsanlage hat.In accordance with the invention, the cooling of the residual solids indirectly, i. can be ensured without direct contact between residual solids and cooling medium, incidentally, as little false air as possible passes through the cooling system in the furnace. This makes it possible to better control the amount of air supplied to the combustion chamber for the primary combustion and thus the temperature in the combustion chamber, which has a positive influence on the energy balance of the incineration plant.

Auch dies steht im Gegensatz zu den Konstruktionen gemäss EP-A-0 252 967 , DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 und EP-A-2 665 971 , wo eine unkontrollierte Menge Kühlluft in den Feuerraum eingeführt wird, was zu einer für die Energiebilanz und für den Ausbrand ungünstigen Temperaturerniedrigung im Feuerraum führt.This too is in contrast to the constructions according to EP-A-0 252 967 . DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 and EP-A-2 665 971 , where an uncontrolled amount of cooling air is introduced into the furnace, resulting in an unfavorable for the energy balance and for the burnout temperature reduction in the furnace.

Im Sinne einer vorteilhaften Energiebilanz der Verbrennungsanlage ist gemäss einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens auch denkbar, das aufgewärmte Kühlmedium nach der Extraktion als Heizmittel für die Aufwärmung der für die Verbrennung benötigten Luft zu verwenden oder anderweitig einzusetzen, zum Beispiel in einer benachbarten Fernwärmezentrale oder einer andersgearteten Energierückgewinnungsanlage.In terms of an advantageous energy balance of the incinerator is also conceivable according to a further preferred embodiment of the inventive method to use the heated cooling medium after extraction as heating means for heating the air required for combustion or otherwise use, for example in a neighboring district heating or a different type of energy recovery system.

Wie oben erwähnt ist das Kühlmedium gasförmig, insbesondere Luft. Dadurch können potentielle Korrosionsprobleme, wie sie insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Wasser als Kühlmedium auftreten können, wirksam verhindert werden, wodurch der Wartungsaufwand weiter minimiert werden kann. Ein wasserfreies Kühlungsverfahren hat gerade in Kombination mit einem trockenen Austrag von Schlacke den zusätzlichen Vorteil, dass keine Wasseraufbereitungskosten anfallen.As mentioned above, the cooling medium is gaseous, in particular air. This can potentially corrosion problems, as they can occur in particular when using water as a cooling medium, effectively prevented, whereby the maintenance can be further minimized. An anhydrous cooling process, especially in combination with a dry discharge of slag, has the additional advantage that no water treatment costs are incurred.

Gemäss einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird somit lediglich ein gasförmiges Kühlmedium verwendet. Insbesondere wird gemäss dieser Ausführungsform kein flüssiges Sprühmittel verwendet, welches gemäss der Lehre der DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 als wesentlich betrachtet wird. Die sich aus der Verwendung eines flüssigen Sprühmittels ergebenden und auch in der DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 beschriebenen Probleme, dass das Sprühmittel aufgefangen und vor einer erneuten Verwendung gereinigt werden muss, ergeben sich somit erfindungsgemäss nicht.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, only a gaseous cooling medium is used. In particular, according to this embodiment, no liquid spray is used, which according to the teaching of DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 is considered essential. The resulting from the use of a liquid spray and also in the DE 10 2009 060 305 A1 described problems that the spray must be collected and cleaned before reuse, thus resulting according to the invention not.

Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Förderband über Gasdüsenöffnungen mit Kühlmedium beaufschlagt, welche mindestens teilweise in einem Abstand von weniger als 30 cm, bevorzugt weniger als 20 cm, und am meisten bevorzugt weniger als 10 cm von der zu beaufschlagenden Fläche des Förderbands angeordnet sind.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the conveyor belt is acted upon by cooling medium via gas nozzle openings, which are arranged at least partially at a distance of less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and most preferably less than 10 cm from the surface of the conveyor belt to be acted upon ,

Wie im Rahmen der Figuren ausgeführt wird, können die Auslassöffnungen, über die das Kühlmedium abgezogen wird, mindestens teilweise in einem ähnlichen Abstand von der zu beaufschlagenden Fläche des Förderbands angeordnet sein. Somit sind gemäss einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform die Auslassöffnungen in einem Abstand von weniger als 30 cm, bevorzugt weniger als 20 cm, und am meisten bevorzugt weniger als 10 cm von der zu beaufschlagenden Fläche des Förderbands angeordnet. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass das aufgewärmte Kühlmedium frühzeitig extrahiert wird, was letztendlich in einer optimierten Kühlung resultiert. Insbesondere kann gemäss dieser Ausführungsform der Strömungsweg des Kühlmediums gering gehalten werden, wodurch vermieden wird, dass sich das aufgewärmte Kühlmedium zu lange im Raum auf der der Förderfläche abgewandten Seite des Förderbands aufhält und somit die Kühleffizienz negativ beeinträchtigen könnte.As stated in the figures, the outlet openings, over which the cooling medium is withdrawn, can be arranged at least partially at a similar distance from the surface of the conveyor belt to be acted upon. Thus, according to a further preferred embodiment, the outlet openings are arranged at a distance of less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and most preferably less than 10 cm from the surface of the conveyor belt to be acted upon. This ensures that the warmed up cooling medium is extracted early, which ultimately results in an optimized cooling. In particular, according to this embodiment, the flow path of the cooling medium can be kept low, which avoids that the warmed up cooling medium stays too long in the space on the side facing away from the conveying surface of the conveyor belt and thus could adversely affect the cooling efficiency.

Nebst dem beschriebenen Verfahren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung zudem eine Fördervorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.In addition to the described method, the present invention also relates to a conveying device for carrying out the method.

Wie im Zusammenhang mit dem Verfahren beschrieben umfasst die Fördervorrichtung ein Förderband, vorzugsweise ein Endlosförderband, mit einer Förderfläche zur Förderung von Feststoffrückständen, wobei die Fördervorrichtung zusätzlich Mittel zur Kühlung der Feststoffrückstände aufweist und diese Mittel eine Kühlmediumzuführung zum Einbringen eines gasförmigen Kühlmediums und eine Kühlmediumabführung zum Extrahieren mindestens eines Teils des von den Feststoffrückständen erwärmten Kühlmediums umfassen.As described in connection with the method, the conveying device comprises a conveyor belt, preferably an endless conveyor belt, with a conveying surface for conveying solid residues, the conveying device additionally having means for cooling the solids residues, and these means a cooling medium feed for introducing a gaseous cooling medium and a cooling medium discharge for extracting comprise at least a portion of the heated from the solids residues cooling medium.

Das Förderband ist für das Kühlmedium im Wesentlichen undurchlässig. Zudem sind die Kühlmediumzuführung und die Kühlmediumabführung derart ausgestaltet, dass das Kühlmedium lediglich mit der der Förderfläche abgewandten Seite des Förderbands in Kontakt ist.The conveyor belt is substantially impermeable to the cooling medium. In addition, the cooling medium supply and the Kühlmediumabführung are designed such that the cooling medium is in contact only with the side facing away from the conveying surface of the conveyor belt.

Insbesondere ist die Kühlmediumzuführung derart ausgestaltet, dass das Förderband lediglich auf der der Förderfläche abgewandten Seite mit Kühlmedium beaufschlagt wird.In particular, the cooling medium supply is configured such that the conveyor belt is acted upon with cooling medium only on the side facing away from the conveying surface.

Wie insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit den Figuren ausgeführt wird, umfasst die Fördervorrichtung zudem in der Regel ein längliches Gehäuse, welches zusammen mit dem Förderband einen Raum umschliesst, an welchen die Kühlmediumzuführung und die Kühlmediumabführung angeschlossen sind.In particular, as stated in connection with the figures, the conveying device also generally comprises an elongate housing which, together with the conveyor belt, encloses a space to which the cooling medium supply and the cooling medium discharge are connected.

Wie ebenfalls im Zusammenhang mit den Figuren ausgeführt wird, ist denkbar, dass die Fördervorrichtung bzw. die durch diese definierte Förderrichtung F in ihrem ersten Abschnitt horizontal verläuft, an den ein schräg nach oben gerichteter zweiter Abschnitt anschliesst, und die Feststoffrückstände insbesondere im zweiten Abschnitt mit Kühlmedium gekühlt werden.As is likewise carried out in conjunction with the figures, it is conceivable that the conveying device or the conveying direction F defined by it extends horizontally in its first section, to which an obliquely upward second section adjoins, and the solid residues in particular in the second section Cooling medium to be cooled.

Gemäss einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Förderband ein Endlosförderband, das um mindestens zwei Rollen geführt wird und eine Schlaufe mit Fördertrum und Rücktrum bildet. Dabei werden die Feststoffrückstände auf der Förderfläche des Fördertrums aufgenommen und in Förderrichtung F gefördert.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the conveyor belt is an endless conveyor belt, which is guided around at least two rollers and forms a loop with conveying strand and return strand. The residual solids are taken up on the conveying surface of the conveying strand and conveyed in the conveying direction F.

Als Fördertrum wird im Kontext der vorliegenden Erfindung diejenige Seite des Förderbands bezeichnet, welche gezogen wird und stramm ist, während die lose, nicht gezogene Seite des Förderbands das Rücktrum bildet.As a conveying strand in the context of the present invention, that side of the conveyor belt is referred to, which is pulled and is taut, while the loose, not drawn side of the conveyor belt forms the Rücktrum.

Eine solche Konstruktion des Förderbands ist zum Beispiel mit Metallplatten möglich, die sich über die gesamte Breite des Förderbands erstrecken und sich überlappen. Für eine gute Wärmeübertragung zwischen den Feststoffrückständen und dem Kühlmedium werden zum Beispiel Platten aus Stahl gewählt. Eine möglichst effiziente Abdichtung des vom Kühlmedium durchströmten Raums unter dem Fördertrum kann etwa durch eine konstruktive Ausgestaltung von Blechen erreicht werden, die an den Seitenwänden angeordnet sind und die Ränder des Fördertrums derart überragen, dass der Spalt zwischen diesen Blechen und dem Fördertrum möglichst klein gehalten wird und durch diese "Verkämmung" ein hoher Strömungswiderstand erzielt wird.Such a construction of the conveyor belt is possible, for example, with metal plates that extend over the entire width of the conveyor belt and overlap. For good heat transfer between the solid residues and the cooling medium, for example, plates made of steel are selected. The most efficient possible sealing of the coolant flowed through by the cooling medium Space under the conveying run can be achieved by a structural design of sheets, which are arranged on the side walls and the edges of the conveying run surmounted such that the gap between these sheets and the conveying strand is kept as small as possible and by this "concealment" a high Flow resistance is achieved.

Für die konstruktive Ausbildung der Kühlmediumzuführung und -abführung gibt es mehrere Möglichkeiten. Eine einfache Ausführungsform umfasst ein an einen Kühlmediumkompressor angeschlossenes Kühlmediumzufuhrverteilrohr, über das das Kühlmedium in Kühlmediumzufuhrrohre verteilt wird, welche jeweils entweder direkt oder über ein Zufuhrkopplungsrohr zu einem entsprechenden, in einer Seitenwand des Gehäuses angeordneten Kühlmediumeinlass führen. Durch die entsprechende Seitenwand können Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre in den Raum unter dem Fördertrum hineinragen, die über Öffnungen in ihrem obersten Bereich verfügen, über die das Kühlmedium auf der der Förderfläche abgewandten Seite des Förderbands eingebracht wird.There are several possibilities for the structural design of the cooling medium supply and removal. A simple embodiment comprises a Kühlmediumzufuhrverteilrohr connected to a cooling medium compressor, via which the cooling medium is distributed in cooling medium supply pipes, which lead either directly or via a feed coupling pipe to a corresponding, arranged in a side wall of the housing cooling medium inlet. Through the corresponding side wall Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre can protrude into the space below the delivery, which have openings in its uppermost area, through which the cooling medium is introduced on the side facing away from the conveying surface of the conveyor belt.

Was die Kühlmediumabführung betrifft, so ist denkbar, das aufgewärmte Kühlmedium mittels einer Kühlmediumabsaugung über Kühlmediumauslässe in der Seitenwand entweder direkt oder über Abfuhrkopplungsrohre in entsprechende Kühlmediumabfuhrrohre zu leiten und anschliessend in einem Kühlmediumabfuhrsammelrohr zu sammeln.As regards the cooling medium removal, it is conceivable to conduct the heated cooling medium by means of a Kühlmediumabsaugung Kühlmediumauslässe in the side wall either directly or via discharge coupling pipes in corresponding Kühlmediumabfuhrrohre and then collect in a Kühlmediumabfuhrsammelrohr.

Denkbar ist insbesondere auch, die Kühlmediumzuführung auf der gleichen Seite der Fördervorrichtung wie die Kühlmediumabführung anzuordnen oder aber auf der jeweils gegenüberliegenden Seite. Entsprechend sind die Kühlmediumeinlässe und die Kühlmediumauslässe in derselben Seitenwand oder in den jeweils gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden angeordnet.It is also conceivable, in particular, to arrange the cooling medium supply on the same side of the conveying device as the cooling medium discharge or else on the respectively opposite side. Accordingly, the Cooling medium inlets and the Kühlmediumauslässe arranged in the same side wall or in the respective opposite side walls.

Gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird der Raum zwischen dem Fördertrum und dem Rücktrum mit einer im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ebene des Fördertrums verlaufenden Wand getrennt, um einen Zwischenraum zwischen dem Fördertrum und dieser Wand zu bilden, und die Kühlmediumzuführung sowie die Kühlmediumabführung diesem Zwischenraum zuzuordnen. Diese Anordnung erlaubt es, den von Kühlmedium durchströmten Raum zu verkleinern und damit die benötigte Kühlmediummenge zu verringern.According to a further embodiment, the space between the conveying run and the return run is separated by a wall running essentially parallel to the conveying run plane, in order to form a space between the conveying run and this wall, and to allocate the cooling medium feed and the cooling medium discharge to this gap. This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the space traversed by the cooling medium and thus to reduce the amount of cooling medium required.

Zudem kann gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Raum zwischen dem Fördertrum und dem Rücktrum in Förderrichtung in mindestens zwei Abteile getrennt werden, wobei der den unterschiedlichen Abteilen zugeordneten bzw. an den unterschiedlichen Abteilen angeschlossenen Kühlmediumzuführung und/oder -abführung jeweils mindestens ein Ventil zur Steuerung der einzubringenden Kühlmediummenge zugeordnet ist. Mit einer derartigen Unterteilung des Raums zwischen dem Fördertrum und dem Rücktrum kann sichergestellt werden, dass die Kühlung bzw. die eingeführte Kühlmediummenge lokal je nach Bedarf angepasst werden kann.In addition, according to a further embodiment, the space between the conveying run and the return run in the conveying direction can be separated into at least two compartments, wherein the cooling medium supply and / or discharge assigned to the different compartments or connected to the different compartments respectively has at least one valve for controlling the one to be introduced Cooling medium quantity is assigned. With such a subdivision of the space between the conveying run and the return run, it can be ensured that the cooling or the introduced cooling medium quantity can be locally adjusted as required.

Die im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsformen stellen gleichermassen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Fördervorrichtung dar. Vice versa stellen alle im Zusammenhang mit der Fördervorrichtung beschriebenen bevorzugten Merkmale bevorzugte Merkmale des Verfahrens dar.The preferred embodiments described in connection with the method according to the invention likewise represent preferred embodiments of the conveying device. Vice versa , all preferred features described in connection with the conveying device represent preferred features of the method.

Insbesondere ist die Fördervorrichtung auf die Verwendung von Luft als Kühlmedium ausgelegt. In weiterer Analogie zu den für das Verfahren beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsformen umfasst die Kühlmediumzuführung vorzugsweise Gasdüsen, deren Öffnungen mindestens teilweise in einem Abstand von weniger als 30 cm, bevorzugt weniger als 20 cm, und am meisten bevorzugt weniger als 10 cm von der zu beaufschlagenden Fläche des Förderbands, insbesondere der Unterseite des Fördertrums, angeordnet sind.In particular, the conveying device is designed for the use of air as a cooling medium. In a further analogy to the preferred embodiments described for the method, the cooling medium supply preferably comprises gas nozzles, the openings of which at least partially at a distance of less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and most preferably less than 10 cm from the surface to be acted upon Conveyor belts, in particular the underside of the conveyor run, are arranged.

Wie unten im Rahmen der Figuren diskutiert wird, liegen die Gasdüsen gemäss einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform in Form von Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohren vor. Diese Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre sind an die Kühlmediumzufuhrrohre angeschlossen und verfügen in ihrem obersten Bereich über Düsenrohröffnungen.As discussed below in the figures, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, the gas nozzles are in the form of cooling medium supply nozzle tubes. These cooling medium supply nozzle pipes are connected to the cooling medium supply pipes and have nozzle pipe openings in their uppermost area.

Diesbezüglich ist weiter bevorzugt, dass mehrere Gasdüsenöffnungen über die gesamte Breite des Förderbands verteilt angeordnet sind, um auch in Breitenrichtung eine möglichst gleichmässige Beaufschlagung mit Kühlmedium zu gewährleisten. Für den Fall, dass die Gasdüsen in Form von Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohren vorliegen, verlaufen diese somit vorzugweise in einer Richtung quer zur Förderrichtung, also in Breitenrichtung des Förderbands.In this regard, it is further preferred that a plurality of gas nozzle openings are arranged distributed over the entire width of the conveyor belt, in order to ensure the most even possible application of cooling medium in the width direction. In the event that the gas nozzles are in the form of Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohren, they thus preferably extend in a direction transverse to the conveying direction, ie in the width direction of the conveyor belt.

Wie erwähnt sind das Verfahren und die Förderrichtung der vorliegenden Erfindung insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der Müllverbrennung von besonderer Relevanz, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Kühlung der am Ende des Verbrennungsprozesses im Feuerraum anfallenden Schlacke.As mentioned, the method and the conveying direction of the present invention are of particular relevance in particular in the field of waste incineration, in particular with regard to the cooling of the slag arising in the furnace at the end of the combustion process.

Gemäss einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung im Übrigen somit eine Müllverbrennungsanlage enthaltend die oben beschriebene Fördervorrichtung.By the way, according to another aspect, the present invention thus relates to a waste incineration plant comprising the above-described conveying device.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der beiliegenden Figuren weiter veranschaulicht. Von diesen zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Feuerung einer Müllverbrennungsanlage umfassend einen Feuerraum, eine Müllzufuhr, einen Verbrennungsrost, einen Grobschlackeabwurfschacht und eine Fördervorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens;
Fig. 2
eine Schnittzeichnung einer erfindungsgemässen Fördervorrichtung in perspektivischer Ansicht;
Fig. 3
eine Detailansicht eines Teils einer erfindungsgemässen Fördervorrichtung ohne Gehäuse zur Eindüsung und gleichzeitigen Abfuhr von Kühlmedium unter der Förderfläche; und
Fig. 4
eine Detailansicht eines Teils einer erfindungsgemässen Fördervorrichtungentsprechend Fig. 3 mit Gehäuse.
The invention will be further illustrated by the accompanying figures. From these shows:
Fig. 1
a furnace of a waste incineration plant comprising a furnace, a waste supply, a combustion grate, a coarse slag discharge chute and a conveying device for carrying out the process according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a sectional view of a conveyor device according to the invention in a perspective view;
Fig. 3
a detailed view of part of a conveyor device according to the invention without housing for injection and simultaneous removal of cooling medium under the conveying surface; and
Fig. 4
a detailed view of a part of a conveyor according to the invention accordingly Fig. 3 with housing.

Wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt umfasst die Müllverbrennungsanlage einen Feuerraum 2, welchem eine Müllzufuhr 4 mit einem daran anschliessenden Müllschacht 6 vorgelagert ist. Der Feuerraum 2 umfasst einen Verbrennungsrost 10, der in der gezeigten Ausführungsform in vier Verbrennungsrostabschnitte (nicht gezeigt) unterteilt ist und über eine Primärluftzufuhr 11 mit Primärluft versorgt wird. Konkret ist unterhalb der Verbrennungsrostabschnitte jeweils eine trichterförmige Unterwindkammer 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d angeordnet, in welche jeweils eine Primärluftzufuhrleitung 16 mündet und welche dazu bestimmt ist, Primärluft über entsprechende Primärluftkanäle durch den Verbrennungsrost 10 dem Brennbett zuzuführen.As in Fig. 1 the waste incineration plant comprises a combustion chamber 2 which is preceded by a refuse feed 4 with a refuse shaft 6 adjoining it. The combustion chamber 2 comprises a combustion grate 10, which in the embodiment shown is subdivided into four combustion grate sections (not shown) and is supplied with primary air via a primary air supply 11. Concrete is below the combustion rod sections in each case a funnel-shaped underwinding chamber 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d arranged, in each of which a primary air supply line 16 opens and which is intended to supply primary air via corresponding primary air channels through the combustion grate 10 to the fuel bed.

Der sich aufgrund der Konstruktion des Verbrennungsrosts stets ergebende Durchfall feiner Schlackenbestandsteile wird über die Trichterhälse 12a bis 12d der jeweiligen Unterwindkammern 14a bis 14d auf eine Fördervorrichtung 1 abgeworfen und mittels dieser in Förderrichtung F zu einem Feststoffkörperauslass 17 hin gefördert. Die verbleibende Schlacke, welche Schlacketeile grösserer Dimensionen umfasst, gelangt in einen Grobschlackeabwurfschacht 15.The resulting due to the construction of the combustion grate always diarrhea fine slag constituents is discharged through the funnel necks 12a to 12d of the respective underwind chambers 14a to 14d on a conveyor 1 and conveyed by this in the conveying direction F to a Feststoffkörperauslass 17 out. The remaining slag, which comprises slag parts of larger dimensions, enters a coarse slag discharge chute 15.

Wie in Fig. 2 ersichtlich umfasst die Fördervorrichtung ein Förderband 38, welches in der gezeigten Ausführungsform als Endlosförderband ausgebildet ist, das auf Tragrollen 33 geführt ist und ein Fördertrum 30, auf dessen Förderfläche 37 die Feststoffrückstände 32, welche im konkreten Fall als Schlacke 321 vorliegen, aufgenommen und in die Förderrichtung F gefördert werden, und ein Rücktrum 31 bildet.As in Fig. 2 the conveyor device comprises a conveyor belt 38, which is formed in the embodiment shown as an endless conveyor belt, which is guided on support rollers 33 and a conveying strand 30, on the conveying surface 37, the solid residues 32, which are present in a specific case as slag 321, recorded and in the Conveying direction F are promoted, and forms a Rücktrum 31.

Gemäss der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform verläuft die Fördervorrichtung in einem ersten Abschnitt horizontal, an den ein schräg nach oben verlaufender zweiter Abschnitt anschliesst, in welchem die Kühlung der Schlacke 321 erfolgt.According to the in Fig. 1 In the embodiment shown, the conveying device runs horizontally in a first section, followed by an obliquely upwardly extending second section, in which the cooling of the slag 321 takes place.

In der in Fig. 1 gezeigten konkreten Ausführungsform wird Kühlmedium über eine Kühlmediumzuführung 40 unter der Förderfläche 37 des Förderbands 38 eingebracht. Die Kühlmediumzuführung 40 umfasst prinzipiell ein an einen Kühlmediumkompressor 44 angeschlossenes Kühlmediumzufuhrverteilrohr 41, über das das Kühlmedium in Kühlmediumzufuhrrohre 43a bis 43d verteilt wird, welche jeweils gegebenenfalls, wie insbesondere in Fig. 2 gezeigt, über ein Kopplungsrohr zu einem entsprechenden Kühlmediumeinlass 42a bis 42h führen.In the in Fig. 1 shown concrete embodiment, cooling medium is introduced via a cooling medium supply 40 under the conveying surface 37 of the conveyor belt 38. The cooling medium supply 40 comprises in principle a to a Kühlmediumkompressor 44 connected Kühlmediumzufuhrverteilrohr 41, via which the cooling medium is distributed in cooling medium supply pipes 43 a to 43 d, which in each case optionally, as in particular Fig. 2 shown, lead via a coupling pipe to a corresponding cooling medium inlet 42a to 42h.

Mindestens ein Teil des durch Kontakt mit dem Förderband 38 aufgewärmten Kühlmediums wird durch eine Kühlmediumabführung extrahiert. Die Kühlmediumabführung umfasst prinzipiell Kühlmediumauslässe, über die jeweils über einem Kühlmediumauslass zugeordnete Kühlmediumabfuhrrohre Kühlmedium extrahiert wird. Die Kühlmediumabfuhrrohre münden in ein Kühlmediumabfuhrsammelrohr.At least a part of the cooling medium warmed up by contact with the conveyor belt 38 is extracted by a cooling medium discharge. In principle, the cooling medium discharge comprises cooling medium outlets, via which cooling medium is extracted in each case via cooling medium discharge pipes assigned via a cooling medium outlet. The Kühlmediumabfuhrrohre open into a cooling medium discharge manifold.

Selbstverständlich ist auch denkbar, die Anzahl der Kühlmediumeinlässe und -auslässe, die Geometrie der Kühlmediumzuführung und -abführung, sowie ihre Anordnung entlang der Fördervorrichtung anders zu wählen.Of course, it is also conceivable to choose the number of cooling medium inlets and outlets, the geometry of the cooling medium supply and removal, as well as their arrangement along the conveyor differently.

An das in Förderrichtung F betrachtet liegende Ende des Förderbands 38 schliesst der Feststoffkörperauslass 17 an, welcher in der gezeigten Ausführungsform in Form eines Abwurfschachts vorliegt, in den die gekühlte Schlacke 321 abgeworfen wird.The solid-body outlet 17 adjoins the end of the conveyor belt 38 which is viewed in the conveying direction F and, in the embodiment shown, is in the form of a discharge shaft into which the cooled slag 321 is dropped.

Die erfindungsgemäss in der Fördervorrichtung bewerkstelligte Kühlung sowie entsprechende Kühlmediumzuführungen und Kühlmediumabführungen werden anhand der Fig. 2 weiter veranschaulicht.The cooling effected according to the invention in the conveying device and corresponding cooling medium feeds and cooling medium discharges are based on the Fig. 2 further illustrated.

Wie in der Schnittzeichnung gemäss Fig. 2 gezeigt, umfasst die Fördervorrichtung 1 ein längliches Gehäuse 39, Kühlmediumeinlässe, von denen lediglich zwei Kühlmediumeinlässe 42c und 42d gezeigt sind, Kühlmediumauslässe, wovon nur der Kühlmediumauslass 22c teilweise gezeigt ist, sowie Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre 45a bis 45d.As in the sectional drawing according to Fig. 2 1, the conveyance apparatus 1 includes an elongated housing 39, cooling medium inlets, only two of which cooling medium inlets 42c and 42d are shown, cooling medium outlets, of which only the cooling medium outlet 22c is partially shown, and cooling medium supply nozzle pipes 45a to 45d.

Das Fördertrum 30 und das Rücktrum 31 des Förderbands 38 bilden eine Schlaufe, die zusammen mit den seitlich angeordneten Seitenwänden 391 und 392 des Gehäuses 39 einen Raum 47 umschliesst. Über entsprechende Kühlmediumzufuhrrohre, beispielweise 43b, wird Kühlmedium den Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohren 45a bis 45d zugeführt. Über diese wird das Kühlmedium auf die der Förderfläche 37 des Förderbands 38 abgewandte Seite in den Raum 47 eingebracht.The conveying strand 30 and the return strand 31 of the conveyor belt 38 form a loop, which encloses a space 47 together with the laterally arranged side walls 391 and 392 of the housing 39. By way of corresponding cooling medium supply pipes, for example 43b, cooling medium is supplied to the cooling medium supply nozzle pipes 45a to 45d. About this, the cooling medium is introduced to the conveying surface 37 of the conveyor belt 38 side facing away from the space 47.

Die in der Fig. 2 im Schnitt dargestellten Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohren sind in der Regel rechtwinklig zur Seitenwand ausgerichtet und sind in dieser Figur zur Veranschaulichung in leicht verzerrter Perspektive wiedergegeben.The in the Fig. 2 Coolant supply nozzle tubes shown in section are generally oriented at right angles to the side wall and are shown in this figure for illustration in slightly distorted perspective.

Mittels Öffnungen an den Kühlmediumauslässen, wie etwa dem in der Fig. 3 gezeigten Kühlmediumauslass 22d mit Öffnungen 25d, wird mindestens ein Teil des durch Kontakt mit dem Förderband 38 aufgewärmten Kühlmediums zum Kühlmediumabfuhrsammelrohr 21 abgeführt. In der rein beispielhaften Darstellung gemäss Fig. 3 ist ein Zufuhrkopplungsrohr 46b ausgebildet, das über einen Kühlmediumeinlass 42d an vier Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre 45a bis 45d angeschlossen ist, über welche Luft auf die der Förderfläche abgewandten Seite des Förderbands eingebracht wird. In der spezifisch gezeigten Ausführungsform sind die Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre 45a bis 45d an ihrem dem Kühlmediumeinlass 42d abgewandte Ende geschlossen und verfügen in ihrem obersten Bereich jeweils über vier Düsenrohröffnungen 36a bis 36d, über die das Kühlmedium über die gesamte Breite des Förderbands 38 verteilt eingebracht wird.By means of openings on the Kühlmediumauslässen, such as in the Fig. 3 shown Kühlmediumauslass 22d with openings 25d, at least a portion of the heated by contact with the conveyor belt 38 cooling medium to the cooling medium discharge manifold 21 is discharged. In the purely exemplary representation according to Fig. 3 a supply coupling pipe 46b is formed, which is connected via a cooling medium inlet 42d to four cooling medium supply nozzle pipes 45a to 45d, via which air to the side of the conveyor belt facing away from the conveying surface is introduced. In the specific embodiment shown, the cooling medium supply nozzle pipes 45a to 45d are closed at their end facing away from the cooling medium inlet 42d and have four nozzle tube openings 36a to 36d in their uppermost region, via which the cooling medium is distributed over the entire width of the conveyor belt 38.

Mittels der Öffnungen 25d am Kühlmediumauslass 22d wird mindestens ein Teil des durch Kontakt mit dem Förderband 38 aufgewärmten Kühlmediums zum Kühlmediumabfuhrsammelrohr 21 abgeführt.By means of the openings 25d on the cooling medium outlet 22d, at least part of the cooling medium warmed up by contact with the conveyor belt 38 is discharged to the cooling medium discharge collecting pipe 21.

Selbstverständlich ist auch möglich, eine andere Anordnung, Querschnittsgeometrie und Anzahl der Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre, wie auch der Öffnungen zu wählen. Denkbar ist auch, dass die Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre nicht die ganze Breite des Förderbands abdecken. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform sind die Kühlmediumzufuhrrohre nicht an Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre angeschlossen, sondern münden lediglich über Öffnungen an den Einlässen in den Raum 47 und bringen derart das Kühlmedium ein.Of course, it is also possible to choose a different arrangement, cross-sectional geometry and number of Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre, as well as the openings. It is also conceivable that the Kühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohre do not cover the entire width of the conveyor belt. In another embodiment, the cooling medium supply pipes are not connected to cooling medium supply nozzle pipes, but merely open into the space 47 via openings at the inlets and thus introduce the cooling medium.

Fig. 4 stellt ein konkretes Beispiel einer Luftzuführung dar und entspricht der Fig. 3 mit Gehäuse: zwei in der Seitenwand 392 angeordnete Kühlmediumeinlässe 42c und 42d sind über ein Zufuhrkopplungsrohr 46b mit einem Kühlmediumzufuhrrohr 43b verbunden. Diese Konstruktionseinheit wird in der Ausführungsform von Fig. 1 viermal wiederholt; sie sind jeweils an dasselbe Kühlmediumzufuhrverteilrohr 41 angeschlossen, über das ein Kühlmediumkompressor 44 das Kühlmedium in den Raum 47 unter dem Fördertrum einspeist. Fig. 4 represents a concrete example of an air supply and corresponds to the Fig. 3 with housing: two cooling medium inlets 42c and 42d arranged in the side wall 392 are connected to a cooling medium supply pipe 43b via a supply coupling pipe 46b. This construction unit is used in the embodiment of Fig. 1 repeated four times; they are each connected to the same Kühlmediumzufuhrverteilrohr 41, via which a cooling medium compressor 44 feeds the cooling medium into the space 47 below the delivery.

BezugszeichenverzeichnisReference numeral Directory

11
Fördervorrichtungconveyor
22
Feuerraumfirebox
44
Müllzufuhrwaste supply
66
Müllschachtgarbage chute
1010
Verbrennungsrostcombustion grate
1111
PrimärluftzufuhrPrimary air supply
12a-12d12a-12d
Trichterhalsfunnel neck
14a-14d14a-14d
UnterwindkammerUnder wind chamber
1515
GrobschlackeabwurfschachtCoarse slag chute
1616
PrimärluftzufuhrleitungPrimary air supply line
1717
FeststoffrückstandauslassFeststoffrückstandauslass
2020
KühlmediumabführungCoolant discharge
2121
KühlmediumabfuhrsammelrohrCooling medium discharge manifold
22a-22h22a-22h
Kühlmediumauslasscoolant outlet
23a-23d23a-23d
KühlmediumabfuhrrohrCoolant discharge pipe
25d25d
KühlmediumauslassöffnungKühlmediumauslassöffnung
26b26b
AbfuhrkopplungsrohrDissipation coupling tube
3030
Fördertrumconveying
3131
Rücktrumreturn run
32,32132.321
Feststoffrückstände, SchlackeSolid residues, slag
3333
(Trag-)Rolle des Förderbands(Carrying) roller of the conveyor belt
36a-36d36a-36d
DüsenrohröffnungNozzle tube opening
3737
Förderflächeconveying surface
3838
Förderbandconveyor belt
3939
Gehäuse der FördervorrichtungHousing of the conveyor
391,392391.392
Seitenwand des GehäusesSidewall of the housing
4040
KühlmediumzuführungCooling medium supply
4141
KühlmediumzufuhrverteilrohrKühlmediumzufuhrverteilrohr
42a-42h42a-42h
KühlmediumeinlassCoolant inlet
43a-43d43a-43d
KühlmediumzufuhrrohrCoolant supply pipe
4444
KühlmediumkompressorCoolant compressor
45a-45d45a-45d
KühlmediumzufuhrdüsenrohrCooling medium supply nozzle tube
46a-46d46a-46d
ZufuhrkopplungsrohrSupply coupling tube
4747
Raumroom
F:F:
Förderrichtungconveying direction

Claims (15)

  1. Method for cooling solid residues (32) of a combustion process, which are deposited onto the conveying surface (37) of a conveyor belt (38) of a conveying device (1) and are conveyed in the direction of a solid residue outlet (17), wherein during conveying heat is transferred from the solid residues (32) to a gaseous coolant, characterized in that the conveyor belt (38) is acted upon by the gaseous coolant only on its side oriented away from the conveying surface (37), wherein the conveyor belt (38) is essentially impermeable to the coolant and at least part of the coolant heated by contact with the conveyor belt (38) is extracted on that side oriented away from the conveying surface (37).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the solid residues deposited onto the conveying surface (37) is in the range from 200°C to 500°C, preferably from 200°C to 300°C.
  3. Method according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid residues (32) are cooled, while being conveyed to the solid residue outlet (17), to below 150°C, preferably to below 100°C.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heated coolant is used as heating medium after extraction.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coolant is air.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for cooling the solid residues (32), the coolant is simply circulated in a space which is separate from that space in which the solid residues (32) are arranged.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveyor belt (38) is acted upon by coolant via gas nozzle openings which are arranged, at least in part, at a distance of less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm and most preferably less than 10 cm from that surface of the conveyor belt (38) which is to be acted upon.
  8. Conveying device (1) for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a conveyor belt (38) with a conveying surface (37) for conveying solid residues (32), wherein the conveying device (1) additionally has means for cooling the solid residues (32) and these means comprise a coolant supply for introducing a gaseous coolant and a coolant evacuation for extracting at least part of the coolant heated by the solid residues (32), characterized in that the conveyor belt (38) is essentially impermeable to the coolant and the coolant supply and the coolant evacuation are configured such that the coolant is in contact only with that side of the conveyor belt (38) oriented away from the conveying surface (37).
  9. Conveying device according to Claim 8, wherein the conveyor belt (38) is an endless conveyor belt which is guided around at least two rollers and forms a loop with a conveying strand (30) and a return strand (31), and the loop together with laterally arranged side walls (391, 392) encloses a space (47) to which are assigned the coolant supply and the coolant evacuation.
  10. Conveying device according to Claim 9, wherein the coolant supply comprises coolant supply pipes (43a-43d) which are connected, via a side wall (392), to the space (47) below the conveying strand (30) and via which the coolant is introduced on that side oriented away from the conveying surface (37), and the coolant evacuation comprises coolant evacuation pipes (23a-23d) which are connected via a side wall (391) to the space (47) beneath the conveying strand (30) and by means of which at least part of the coolant heated by contact with the conveyor belt (38) is extracted.
  11. Conveying device according to either of Claims 9 and 10, wherein the space (47) between the conveying strand (30) and the return strand (31) is divided with a wall running essentially parallel to the plane of the conveying strand, so as to form an interspace between the conveying strand and this wall, and the coolant supply and the coolant evacuation are arranged in this interspace or are connected to this interspace.
  12. Conveying device according to one of Claims 9 to 11, wherein the space (47) between the conveying strand (30) and the return strand (31) is divided into at least two compartments in the conveying direction, wherein in each case at least one valve for controlling the quantity of coolant to be introduced is assigned to the coolant supply and/or evacuation assigned to the different compartments or connected to the different compartments.
  13. Conveying device according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the coolant supply comprises gas nozzles whose openings are arranged at least in part at a distance of less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm and most preferably less than 10 cm from that surface of the conveyor belt (38) which is to be acted upon, in particular the underside of the conveying strand.
  14. Conveying device according to one of Claims 10 to 13, wherein coolant supply nozzle pipes (45a-d) connected to the coolant supply pipes (43a-43d) have nozzle pipe openings (36a-36d) in their uppermost region.
  15. Waste combustion plant comprising a conveying device (1) according to one of Claims 8 to 14.
EP16154630.4A 2015-02-10 2016-02-08 Method for cooling solid residues of a combustion process Active EP3056811B1 (en)

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US10190770B2 (en) 2019-01-29
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EP3056811A1 (en) 2016-08-17
ES2764661T3 (en) 2020-06-04

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