EP3043966B1 - Mechanism for locking/unlocking a torque wrench - Google Patents
Mechanism for locking/unlocking a torque wrench Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3043966B1 EP3043966B1 EP14767091.3A EP14767091A EP3043966B1 EP 3043966 B1 EP3043966 B1 EP 3043966B1 EP 14767091 A EP14767091 A EP 14767091A EP 3043966 B1 EP3043966 B1 EP 3043966B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pusher
- sleeve
- translation
- blocking
- towards
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
- B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/142—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/1422—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
- B25B23/1427—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by mechanical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
- B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/142—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
- B25B23/1422—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
- B25B23/1425—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by electrical means
Definitions
- Clutch wrenches have lower precision and lower reliability over time. This is linked to the dynamics of the system and to the significant friction (roller / cam contact) involved in the system. Their capacity varies from 1 Nm to 125 Nm.
- Patents of this type are known and cover wrenches with mechanical detection of the torque of the cam type, such as the patent EP 2 420 356 (TOHNICHI).
- Disengageable electronic keys are also known using the architecture of a disengageable key, but the roller / cam system of which is replaced by a clutch.
- This solution consisted of integrating strain gauges to measure the torque and, by means of an electronic card controlled by said gauge, of controlling a clutch (itself controlled by said card, that is to say in fact by the “correct torque reached” signal emitted by said strain gauge to said electronic card) making it possible to separate the drive square from the lever arm when the torque is reached.
- strain gauges stuck on the head of the wrench forming a sensor make it possible to measure the applied torque.
- a mechanical tilting system controlled by an actuator, makes it possible to make the key rigid or not.
- the actuator is therefore supplied by a gauge and a card to stop supplying the force necessary to keep the system rigid (or engaged position).
- a solenoid and piston is actuated, when the prescribed torque is reached, to release the pressure with a travel angle which is only a few degrees, 4 - 6 °.
- REMINDER According to the invention described in said previous SAM application, and as shown (by way of reminder and technological background) on the Figure 1 attached, the invention relates to a torque wrench, the head of which, generally shown under the reference (1), is “ offset ” from the body (7) of the tool. This is represented by the dotted line “T” which schematically represents the place occupied by the head (1) relative to the body (7).
- the present invention also applies mutatis mutandis to actuators housed in “standard ” torque wrenches of the triggering or declutching type.
- the transposition is simple and obvious, and often even the actuator according to the present invention can be applied directly to these “standard” keys, and will therefore not be particularly described here.
- the "pivot part” (10) in fact covers the head from its “rear” end (opposite the part to be clamped) to beyond the pivot 3 and just before the groove which carries the strain gauge (12).
- this pivot part (10) slides the “slide” (11) which, according to this preferred embodiment, blocks the roller (9) in the rear end of the fork holder (3) of the head (1), door fork which is in the form of a cam (8).
- pivot piece (10) is preferably crimped around the “handle” itself (16), but the handle can also serve as a pivot piece.
- Two arrows ⁇ ---- and ----> superimposed, straight or curved, indicate that the corresponding part can perform a movement in "back and forth” such as for example the locking means (200) (in general, a roller , in a known manner), which can move back towards the AR when triggered, then return to its initial position towards the AV under the action of the return means (450) of the push-button (300) when the key is re-engaged) .
- the locking means (200) in general, a roller , in a known manner
- AV, AR, INT and EXT respectively denote FRONT, REAR, towards the INTERIOR and towards the EXTERIOR as shown in a comprehensible and obvious manner in the appended figures.
- the movement of all the moving parts of the mechanism of the invention will be considered to be "reciprocal”, that is to say that a movement in one direction, for example on triggering, is associated a reverse movement (on reclosing) exactly reciprocal (the two paths are superimposed) in the reverse direction; this either by return means described either by the reclosing movement performed after each tightening cycle by the operator, or by a combination of the two (return means and operator gesture).
- said torque wrench is of the type allowing a large breakage by the fact that its head is offset in front of the body of the wrench.
- said means (400) are one or more balls, preferably two or three or 4 to 6 balls, preferably three balls.
- said locking means (400) are rollers or truncated cones placed transversely, preferably two or three such rollers or truncated cones, or 4 to 6, preferably three such rollers or truncated cones. .
- Radially means “in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX”.
- the balls or rollers or trunks or other types of mobile locking means (400) are preferably distributed in a single transverse plane, or else distributed in distinct transverse planes. The latter arrangement is much less preferred because it is more complex.
- said power source (600) is an electric or compressed air motor, a hydraulic or gas cylinder, and the like, and is powered by cells or batteries, or a compressed gas cartridge, and / or hydraulic fluid, etc., in a known manner.
- Said actuator comprises a sleeve (F) coaxial with the body (900) and movable in translation and / or rotation (therefore in translation, rotation or helical movement towards the AV or the AR) cooperating with a pusher support coaxial both with the pusher and with said sleeve.
- said movement of said locking means (400) is generally directed towards the EXT to release the path of said pusher (300) or vice versa towards the INT to engage said path and re-engage the key.
- Globally means that said movement of the actuator (500) and in particular of said sleeve (F) is either a forward / reverse translation or a radial translation towards the EXT or the INT, or a combination (helical movement towards the 'EXT or INT).
- the return means (350) is a return spring according to the preferred embodiment.
- this embodiment of the mechanism according to the invention is called a “mechanism engaged” or “at rest”, with the roller (C) for blocking the head (100) “blocked” (by the fact that the pusher B, (300) is itself blocked in translation towards the AR), which corresponds to a so-called “rigid” key.
- Figure 5 which consists of Figures 5a and 5b ), for greater clarity, an enlargement of the balls / housings part (L1), (L2) and (L3) ( Figure 5a) and ( Figure 5b ) a schematic presentation of inner (Ei), median (Em), and outer (Ee) parts of a ball (E, 400), shown in dotted lines on the Figure 5a , all taken from the Fig. 4 .
- the Figure 6 represents a preferred embodiment of the invention, in its "rigid key" position , where a motorization (600) controlled by an electronics (700) (itself activated by said signal (S)) actuates an actuator of the system type of rods (500) (500 (a) and 500 (b)), the movement of the rods (500 (a) and (b)) around the pivots (500 (c) and 500 (d)) being adapted in kinematics, geometry and dimensions to cause a thrust from AR to AV of the locking sleeve (F) (integral with the pivot 500 (d)) which brings the housing (L3) into coincidence with the housing L2, the force applied to the roller (C) by tightening and transmitted to the pusher backing the latter, which drives the ball (E, 400) towards the housing (L3) and releases the path of the pusher towards the rear, which in turn allows the roller head block (C) to fall, which in turn allows the head to pivot open about the pivot (3) (this is the instant of triggering or unlocking
- said means (500, 600) for acting on said locking sleeve (F) comprises means (600) (power source) of the electro-mechanical / hydraulic type motorized such as a motor or a hydraulic or gas cylinder. , and a means (500) (actual actuator) for transmitting the action of the means (600) to the actuator (500) by mechanical means adapted in kinematics, geometry and dimensions.
- FIG. 7 attached shows the key according to the invention in longitudinal section, as the Figure 6 , but with the mechanism according to the invention in the "triggered” position, also called “roller (C) for locking the head (100) in the retracted position".
- the Figure 7 represents a preferred embodiment of the invention, in its “broken key” position , where a motor (600) controlled by an electronics (700) (itself activated by said signal (S)) actuates a system of links ( 500) (500 (a) and 500 (b)), the movement of the rods (500 a and b) around the pivots (500 (c)) and (500 (d)) causing a reverse thrust forward ( symbol "MVT ") of the locking sleeve (F) (integral with the pivot (500 (d))), which brings the housing (L3) into coincidence with the housing (L2), the force applied to the roller (C) by tightening (Clamping force (FS)) and transmitted to the plunger causing the latter to retreat, which drives the ball (E, 400) towards the housing (L3) and releases the path of the plunger towards the AR, which his turn authorizes the head locking roller (C) to move back, which in turn allows the head to pivot freely around the pivot (3) (this is the moment of triggering
- said means (500, 600) for acting on said locking sleeve (F) is a motorized electro-mechanical / hydraulic type means, a non-limiting example of which is given by means (500 (a) to (d) )) above, motorized and piloted as indicated.
- the Figure 8 represents, as the Figure 4 , a longitudinal section of the key at the level of the “mechanism” according to the invention, said mechanism here being in the “triggered” position, or “retracted head locking roller (C)” or even “broken key”: this is in fact the state of the mechanism shown on Figure 8 appended which allows the triggering or breaking of the key shown on the Figure 7 .
- the Figure 8 corresponds to the moment when the target torque has been reached, the signal (S) sent to the electronics (700), which activated the activator (500, 600).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
Description
La présente invention porte sur un mécanisme de déclenchement (et réenclenchement, ensemble « déclenchement » par simplification) d'une clé dynamométrique notamment celle autorisant une grande cassure. L'invention porte également sur lesdits mécanismes employés dans des clés dynamométriques «standards» de type à déclenchement ou à débrayage. D'une manière générale, les clés dynamométriques sont employées pour appliquer un couple de manière contrôlée sur un assemblage vissé. Selon la norme ISO 6789, il existe deux types de clés dynamométriques : les clés à déclenchement et les clés à lecture directe.The present invention relates to a mechanism for triggering (and reclosing, “trigger” assembly for simplification) of a torque wrench, in particular one allowing a large breakage. The invention also relates to said mechanisms used in “standard” torque wrenches of the trigger or disengage type. Generally speaking, torque wrenches are used to apply torque in a controlled manner to a bolted assembly. According to ISO 6789, there are two types of torque wrenches: trigger wrenches and direct reading wrenches.
L'invention porte plus précisément sur la catégorie des clés dynamométriques à déclenchement, ci-après « clé », dont le « déclenchement » :
- (qui provoque ou autorise la « cassure » de la tête de l'outil par rapport au corps, c'est-à-dire que la « tête » porte fourche et sa « fourche » (pièce assurant le serrage lui-même par action sur/autour de la pièce à serrer) (ci-après ensemble « tête » sauf précision contraire) forment après le (et en raison du) déclenchement, et grâce à une rotation de la tête autour d'un « pivot » incorporé à la tête, directement ou indirectement solidaire du corps, un certain « angle » dit « de cassure » par rapport à leur alignement initial c'est-à-dire par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de la clé en position enclenchée, dite aussi « clé rigide » : cette « cassure » fait que la force de l'opérateur cesse d'être appliquée sur la pièce à serrer)
- est piloté de manière connue de façon générale par un « actionneur » mécanique ou électro-mécanique,
- lui-même « piloté » dans les développements techniques les plus récents par une « électronique » portée en général par, sur ou dans le manche ou « corps » de l'outil,
- cette électronique (ci après aussi « carte ») étant elle-même « activée » par un « signal » en provenance d'une jauge de contrainte mesurant le couple appliqué par la tête de clé sur la pièce à serrer (écrou, boulon, etc...) et « détectant le moment ou le couple prescrit a été appliqué », ci-après « jauge », ce qui déclenche ledit signal.
- L'homme de métier sait que ledit déclenchement doit être aussi instantané que possible, c'est-à-dire intervenir le plus tôt possible après que la jauge ait détecté l'instant où le couple de consigne était appliqué. Étant donné que la jauge envoie un signal à l'électronique qui elle-même provoque l'action de l'actionneur qui lui-même provoque le déclenchement, il s'écoule toujours un intervalle de temps même minuscule entre l'instant où le couple de consigne est appliqué et le moment où la clé déclenche (c'est-à-dire où se produit la cassure). Il est impératif que cet intervalle de temps soit aussi faible que possible, c'est-à-dire proche de zéro. On désignera ici cet impératif, par simplicité dont l'homme de métier connaîtra parfaitement le contexte, par le vocable « instantané ».
- En position enclenchée ou « rigide » la tête et le corps de la clé sont disposés selon un axe longitudinal commun.
- On désignera ici par « avant » ou « AV » la direction allant vers la TÊTE de la clé, et inversement par « arrière » ou « AR » la direction inverse, selon l'axe longitudinal.
- On désignera encore par « intérieur(e) » ou « INT » la direction allant de l'extérieur de la clé vers son centre (c'est-à-dire, grossièrement, vers l'axe longitudinal), et « extérieur(e) » ou « EXT » la direction inverse. Ainsi une face INT sera tournée vers le centre de la clé, et un mouvement vers l'EXT sera un mouvement globalement vers l'extérieur de la clé (pas obligatoirement à angle droit de l'axe longitudinal, ce peut être aussi un mouvement oblique, hélicoïdal etc... dirigeant globalement une pièce ou face vers l'extérieur) à titre purement illustratif.
- On rappelle que ces notions d'axe et INT, EXT, AV, AR n'impliquent aucune symétrie ou coaxialité automatique : certaines pièces seront éventuellement coaxiales et/ou symétriques par rapport à l'axe longitudinal, d'autres non.
- (which causes or authorizes the " breaking " of the head of the tool relative to the body, that is to say that the "head" carries the fork and its " fork " (part ensuring the clamping itself by action on / around the part to be clamped) (hereinafter “ head ” assembly unless otherwise specified ) form after (and due to) tripping, and thanks to a rotation of the head around a “ pivot ” incorporated in the head, directly or indirectly integral with the body, a certain " angle " called "break" with respect to their initial alignment, that is to say with respect to the longitudinal axis of the key in the engaged position, also known as " key rigid ”: this“ break ”causes the operator's force to cease to be applied to the part to be clamped)
- is controlled in a generally known manner by a mechanical or electro-mechanical “actuator”,
- itself “driven” in the most recent technical developments by “ electronics ” generally carried by, on or in the handle or “ body ” of the tool,
- this electronics (hereinafter also “ card ”) itself being “ activated ” by a “ signal ” coming from a strain gauge measuring the torque applied by the wrench head to the part to be tightened (nut, bolt, etc. ...) and " detecting the moment when the prescribed torque has been applied ", hereinafter " gauge ", which triggers said signal.
- Those skilled in the art know that said tripping must be as instantaneous as possible, that is to say intervene as soon as possible after the gauge has detected the instant when the setpoint torque was applied. Since the gauge sends a signal to the electronics which itself causes the action of the actuator which itself causes the trip, there is always even a tiny time interval between the instant when the torque setpoint is applied and the moment when the key triggers (i.e. when the breakout occurs). It is imperative that this time interval is as small as possible, that is to say close to zero. This requirement will be designated here, for the sake of simplicity, the context of which will be familiar to those skilled in the art, by the term “ instantaneous ”.
- In the engaged or "rigid" position, the head and the body of the key are arranged along a common longitudinal axis.
- Here, “ front ” or “ AV ” will denote the direction towards the HEAD of the key, and vice versa by “ rear ” or “ AR ” the reverse direction, along the longitudinal axis.
- We will also denote by “ inside ” or “ INT ” the direction going from the outside of the key towards its center (that is to say, roughly, towards the longitudinal axis), and “ outside (e) ) ”Or“ EXT ”the reverse direction. Thus an INT face will be turned towards the center of the key, and a movement towards the EXT will be a movement generally towards the outside of the key (not necessarily at a right angle to the longitudinal axis, it can also be an oblique, helical movement, etc. directing a part overall or facing outwards) purely for illustration.
- It is recalled that these notions of axis and INT, EXT, AV, AR do not imply any symmetry or automatic coaxiality: some parts will possibly be coaxial and / or symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis, others not.
Il existe plusieurs types de clés à déclenchement :
- 1. Les clés à système de basculement,
- 2. Les clés à barre de flexion,
- 3. Les clés à débrayage.
- 1. Keys with tilting system,
- 2. The bending bar wrenches,
- 3. The wrenches.
Les « clés à système de basculement » sont constituées de telle sorte que le débattement est faible. Ainsi, lorsque le couple est atteint, l'équilibre mécanique du système est rompu, le mécanisme « bascule » et retrouve rapidement un point d'équilibre. L'opérateur perçoit le déclenchement par une sensation ou « feeling » dans la main mais doit faire preuve d'une grande réactivité pour relâcher la force appliquée sur la poignée. Dans le cas contraire, le système (étant revenu à un état d'équilibre) est réactivé et, si l'opérateur ne relâchait pas rapidement sa pression lorsqu'il perçoit le déclenchement, il appliquerait in fine un couple supérieur au couple désiré, ce qui est dangereux car les clés dynamométriques sont destinées à assurer un serrage très précis, dans des secteurs ou un serrage défectueux, trop fort ou trop faible, aurait des conséquences graves (industrie aéronautique, industrie automobile, industrie spatiale etc...).The " tilting system keys " are constructed so that the travel is small. Thus, when the torque is reached, the mechanical equilibrium of the system is upset, the mechanism "tilts" and quickly regains a point of equilibrium. The operator perceives the triggering by a sensation or "feeling" in the hand but must show great reactivity to release the force applied to the handle. Otherwise, the system (having returned to a state of equilibrium) is reactivated and, if the operator did not quickly release his pressure when he perceives the trip, he would ultimately apply a torque greater than the desired torque, this which is dangerous because torque wrenches are intended to ensure very precise tightening, in sectors where faulty tightening, too strong or too weak, would have serious consequences (aeronautical industry, automobile industry, space industry, etc.).
Les « clés à barre de flexion » présentent les mêmes inconvénients que les clés à basculement. Le débattement obtenu lors de la « cassure » correspond à la longueur de la flèche de la tige de flexion : quelques millimètres tout au plus, soit quelques degrés d'angle tout au plus." Flex bar wrenches " have the same drawbacks as tilt wrenches. The clearance obtained during the “break” corresponds to the length of the arrow of the bending rod: a few millimeters at most, or a few degrees of angle at most.
Ces clés peuvent être utilisées avec tout type d'embouts (fourches, œil, embout à cliquet, ...) permettant de s'adapter à la plupart des assemblages (ci-après ensemble « fourche »).These wrenches can be used with any type of end cap (forks, eye, ratchet end, ...) allowing to adapt to most assemblies (hereinafter “ fork ” assembly).
Les clés à basculement ou à flexion présentent une bonne précision et une grande résistance dans le temps (>50 000 cycles). Leur capacité varie de 1 Nm à plus de 1000 Nm suivant les modèles. Mais leur angle de cassure est très faible, d'où le risque de sur-serrage.Tilting or flexing wrenches have good precision and great resistance over time (> 50,000 cycles). Their capacity varies from 1 Nm to more than 1000 Nm depending on the model. But their break angle is very low, hence the risk of over-tightening.
Les « clés à débrayage » permettent de s'affranchir des phénomènes de sur-serrage. En effet, ces clés sont constituées de telle sorte que lorsque le couple prescrit est atteint, le galet (maintenu ou mis en pression par un ressort ou autre moyen mécanique ou électro-mécanique qui permet de maintenir le système « rigide », ce mot signifiant que la pression opérée par l'opérateur sur le corps de l'outil est transmise à la pièce à serrer) recule selon une trajectoire maîtrisée par un moyen mécanique comme une gorge etc..., ce qui libère la «tête» qui devient libre de pivoter autour de son « pivot », la clé déclenche, et le galet vient se positionner sur le secteur suivant : ce que l'on appelle le débrayage. Si un couple est réappliqué, la clé va débrayer de la même manière à la même valeur de couple. L'opérateur ressent facilement le débrayage de la clé qui permet un grand débattement : entre 60 et 90° suivant les modèles." Clutch wrenches " make it possible to overcome the phenomena of over-tightening. In fact, these wrenches are made in such a way that when the prescribed torque is reached, the roller (maintained or pressurized by a spring or other mechanical or electro-mechanical means which makes it possible to maintain the “rigid” system, this word meaning that the pressure operated by the operator on the body of the tool is transmitted to the part to be clamped) moves back along a path controlled by a mechanical means such as a groove etc ..., which frees the "head" which becomes free to pivot around its " pivot ", the key releases, and the roller is positioned on the following sector: what is called the release. If torque is reapplied, the wrench will disengage in the same way at the same torque value. The operator easily feels the release of the key which allows a large travel: between 60 and 90 ° depending on the model.
Ces clés ne peuvent être utilisées qu'avec des embouts de type douille ou embouts de vissage.These wrenches can only be used with socket type bits or screwdriver bits.
Les clés à débrayage présentent une précision moindre et une fiabilité dans le temps moins élevée. Ceci est lié à la dynamique du système et aux frottements importants (contact galet / came) mis en jeu dans le système. Leur capacité varie de 1 Nm à 125 Nm.Clutch wrenches have lower precision and lower reliability over time. This is linked to the dynamics of the system and to the significant friction (roller / cam contact) involved in the system. Their capacity varies from 1 Nm to 125 Nm.
On connaît des brevets de ce type et couvrant des clés à détection mécanique du couple du type à came, comme le brevet
On connaît le brevet
On connaît également des clés électroniques débrayables reprenant l'architecture d'une clé débrayable mais dont le système galet/came est remplacé par un embrayage. Cette solution consistait à intégrer des jauges de contraintes pour mesurer le couple et par le biais d'une carte électronique asservie par ladite jauge, de piloter un embrayage (lui-même piloté par ladite carte, c'est-à-dire en fait par le signal de « couple correct atteint » émis par ladite jauge de contrainte vers ladite carte électronique) permettant de désolidariser le carré d'entraînement du bras de levier quand le couple est atteint. Disengageable electronic keys are also known using the architecture of a disengageable key, but the roller / cam system of which is replaced by a clutch. This solution consisted of integrating strain gauges to measure the torque and, by means of an electronic card controlled by said gauge, of controlling a clutch (itself controlled by said card, that is to say in fact by the “correct torque reached” signal emitted by said strain gauge to said electronic card) making it possible to separate the drive square from the lever arm when the torque is reached.
On connaît dans ce domaine notamment le brevet
Ces deux systèmes fonctionnent sur le même principe : des jauges de contraintes collées sur la tête de la clé formant un capteur, permettent de mesurer le couple appliqué. Un système mécanique à basculement, piloté par un actionneur, permet de rendre ou non la clé rigide. L'actionneur est donc alimenté par une jauge et une carte pour cesser de fournir la force nécessaire pour maintenir le système rigide (ou position enclenchée). Dans JENKINS, un solénoïde et piston est actionné, lorsque le couple prescrit est atteint, pour libérer la pression avec un angle de débattement qui n'est que de quelques degrés, 4 - 6°.These two systems operate on the same principle: strain gauges stuck on the head of the wrench forming a sensor, make it possible to measure the applied torque. A mechanical tilting system, controlled by an actuator, makes it possible to make the key rigid or not. The actuator is therefore supplied by a gauge and a card to stop supplying the force necessary to keep the system rigid (or engaged position). In JENKINS, a solenoid and piston is actuated, when the prescribed torque is reached, to release the pressure with a travel angle which is only a few degrees, 4 - 6 °.
Une amélioration « de rupture » a été apportée par la demande
RAPPEL : Selon l'invention décrite dans ladite demande antérieure SAM, et comme représenté (à titre de rappel et d'arrière plan technologique) sur la
Cependant, comme indiqué plus haut, la présente invention s'applique aussi mutatis mutandis à des actionneurs logés dans des clés dynamométriques « standards » de type à déclenchement ou à débrayage. La transposition est simple et évidente, et souvent même l'actionneur selon la présente invention pourra être appliqué directement à ces clés « standards », et ne sera donc pas particulièrement décrite ici.However, as indicated above, the present invention also applies mutatis mutandis to actuators housed in “ standard ” torque wrenches of the triggering or declutching type. The transposition is simple and obvious, and often even the actuator according to the present invention can be applied directly to these “standard” keys, and will therefore not be particularly described here.
On rappelle que le « corps » d'une telle clé est, de manière universellement connue, la pièce ou ensemble de pièces qui contient/contiennent les mécanismes de blocage/déblocage ou « déclenchement » ; ce corps forme souvent le manche par lequel le technicien manœuvre la clé.It will be recalled that the “ body ” of such a key is, in a universally known manner, the part or set of parts which contains / contain the locking / unlocking or “triggering” mechanisms; this body often forms the handle by which the technician operates the key.
Le sens commun de « déporter » en matière de technologie est bien connu : dans les systèmes périscopiques, on déporte l'objectif d'une caméra pour viser certains points inaccessibles ; dans le domaine de la dépendance logicielle, on déporte l'intelligence ; en nautisme, on déporte le poids d'un navire grâce à l'emploi d'un trapèze, etc... ; il s'agit donc de « décaler » une pièce ou une fonction ou un centre de gravité de sa place habituelle vers une autre place, afin d'obtenir un certain effet technique.The common sense of “deporting” in terms of technology is well known: in periscope systems, the lens of a camera is moved to target certain inaccessible points; in the field of software dependence, intelligence is deported; in boating, we deport the weight of a ship thanks to the use of a trapeze, etc ...; it is therefore a question of "shifting" a part or a function or a center of gravity from its usual place to another place, in order to obtain a certain technical effect.
Par « déportée », on désigne donc ici et dans la demande antérieure SAM le fait que le « pivot » (3) se trouve très en « avant » (c'est-à-dire presque à l'extrémité du corps (7), du côté de la pièce à serrer) du corps, et que la tête T peut ainsi, au déclenchement, pivoter selon un arc de débattement ou cassure (« DC ») important autour dudit pivot (3).By “ offset ”, we therefore designate here and in the previous SAM application the fact that the “pivot” (3) is located very “forward” (that is to say almost at the end of the body (7). , on the side of the part to be clamped) of the body, and that the head T can thus, on release, pivot according to a significant displacement or break arc ("DC") around said pivot (3).
Par « presque à l'extrémité », on désigne le fait que plus le pivot sera proche de l'extrémité du corps (7), plus le débattement sera important, mais que naturellement il doit subsister entre ledit pivot (3) et ladite extrémité une distance suffisance pour assurer la résistance mécanique nécessaire autour du pivot.By "almost at the end" is meant the fact that the closer the pivot is to the end of the body (7), the greater the clearance will be, but that naturally it must remain between said pivot (3) and said end. a sufficient distance to ensure the necessary mechanical resistance around the pivot.
On sait que cette rotation ou cassure est due au fait que l'opérateur, très brièvement après le déclenchement, poursuit très brièvement, par inertie inévitable de son mouvement, son effort sur le corps (7) alors que la tête est devenue libre et est par contre bloquée par la pièce à serrer : elle pivote donc autour du pivot (3).We know that this rotation or breakage is due to the fact that the operator, very briefly after the triggering, continues very briefly, by inevitable inertia of his movement, his effort on the body (7) while the head has become free and is on the other hand, blocked by the part to be clamped: it therefore pivots around the pivot (3).
On a représenté sur la
L'homme de métier comprendra aisément que, en fait, la « pièce pivot » (10) recouvre en fait la tête depuis son extrémité « arrière » (à l'opposé de la pièce à serrer) jusqu'au delà du pivot 3 et juste avant la gorge qui porte la jauge de contrainte (12). Dans cette pièce pivot (10) coulisse la « glissière » (11) qui, selon ce mode de réalisation préféré, vient bloquer le galet (9) dans l'extrémité arrière du porte fourche (3) de la tête (1), porte fourche qui est en forme de came (8).Those skilled in the art will easily understand that, in fact, the "pivot part" (10) in fact covers the head from its "rear" end (opposite the part to be clamped) to beyond the
On comprend que lorsque la glissière (11) n'est plus bloquée par un moyen de blocage mécanique ou électromécanique (14), l'effort de l'opérateur fait que la tête pivote comme il a été dit autour du pivot (3) en chassant le galet (9) puisque celui-ci n'est plus « bloqué ».It is understood that when the slide (11) is no longer blocked by a mechanical or electromechanical locking means (14), the effort of the operator causes the head to pivot as has been said around the pivot (3) in driving out the roller (9) since it is no longer "blocked".
On sait que la pièce pivot (10) est de préférence sertie autour du « manche » proprement dit (16) mais le manche peut également servir de pièce pivot. Ces options seront évidentes à l'homme de métier.It is known that the pivot piece (10) is preferably crimped around the “handle” itself (16), but the handle can also serve as a pivot piece. These options will be obvious to those skilled in the art.
Ceci représente dans la demande antérieure SAM une réalisation particulière non limitative mais particulièrement préférée.This represents in the previous SAM application a particular non-limiting but particularly preferred embodiment.
Le Déposant a cherché à perfectionner de manière significative certains aspects mécaniques permettant de mettre en œuvre le moyen général de la demande SAM antérieure, et de perfectionner les moyens techniques particuliers de blocage/déclenchement de clés dynamométriques, du type à grande cassure (15 - 25° par exemple) ou du type « standard » à faible cassure et débrayables (4 - 7° par exemple).The Applicant has sought to improve significantly certain mechanical aspects making it possible to implement the general means of the previous SAM application, and to improve the particular technical means for locking / tripping torque wrenches, of the type with large break (15 - 25 ° for example) or of the “standard” type with low break and disengageable (4 - 7 ° for example).
N.B. Dans toute la présente demande, y compris les revendications et les Figures annexées, on ne représente que l'outil le plus avancé techniquement, c'est-à-dire le cas d'une clé du type couvert par ledit brevet SAM antérieur, dite « à grande cassure » et débrayable.NB Throughout the present application, including the claims and the appended figures, only the most technically advanced tool is shown, that is to say the case of a key of the type covered by said earlier SAM patent, known as "large break" and disengageable.
Le problème technique posé a été de concevoir un système de déclenchement de clé dynamométrique, dont un actionneur,
- en employant des moyens techniques simples,
- « fail-safe » (c'est-à-dire sans risque de non fonctionnement ou de panne) ou quasiment « fail-safe », permettant donc
- de manière sûre et avec
- un minimum de maintenance (moins de risques d'usure des pièces etc...), si possible moins de pièces mobiles,
- et des efforts moindres sur lesdites pièces,
- en cherchant à réduire la consommation électrique,
- et le poids du système,
- et, lorsque le couple de consigne (c'est-à-dire le couple de serrage optimal pré-établi) est atteint,
- de débloquer de manière « instantanée » le moyen de blocage de la tête (généralement un galet comme décrit à titre non limitatif dans la demande antérieure SAM précitée, et la présente demande), afin de permettre le déclenchement de la clé et donc la « cassure » de la clé (de préférence une « grande cassure »),
- tout en assurant le blocage sûr de la clé en position de repos, ou tant que le couple de consigne n'est pas atteint, positions dites de « clé enclenchée » ou « clé rigide ».
- by using simple technical means,
- "Fail-safe" (that is to say without risk of non-operation or failure) or almost "fail-safe", thus allowing
- safely and with
- a minimum of maintenance (less risk of wear of parts etc ...), if possible less moving parts,
- and less efforts on said parts,
- by seeking to reduce electricity consumption,
- and the weight of the system,
- and, when the target torque (i.e. the optimum pre-established tightening torque) is reached,
- to “instantaneously” unlock the head locking means (generally a roller as described without limitation in the aforementioned previous SAM application, and the present application), in order to allow the triggering of the key and therefore the “breaking "Of the key (preferably a" big break "),
- while ensuring that the key is securely locked in the rest position, or as long as the target torque is not reached, so-called “key engaged” or “rigid key” positions.
Un autre problème technique a été de rendre le système de déclenchement plus « compact » et aussi peu onéreux que possible.Another technical problem has been to make the triggering system more "compact" and as inexpensive as possible.
Dans toute la présente demande, les mêmes références désignent les mêmes pièces sur toutes les Figures annexées.Throughout the present application, the same references designate the same parts in all the appended figures.
Un trait horizontal au dessus de hachures est un symbole de mécanique signifiant que la pièce concernée est montée FIXE, tandis qu'une flèche droite ou respectivement courbée décrit un mouvement de la pièce en translation ou respectivement en rotation, ou l'application sur une pièce donnée d'une force comme la force (FS).A horizontal line above the hatching is a mechanical symbol signifying that the part concerned is mounted FIXED, while an arrow straight or respectively curved describes a movement of the part in translation or respectively in rotation, or the application on a given part of a force such as force (FS).
Deux flèches <---- et ----> superposées, droites ou courbées, indiquent que la pièce correspondante peut effectuer un mouvement en « aller-retour » comme par exemple le moyen de blocage (200) (en général, un galet, de manière connue), qui peut reculer vers l'AR au déclenchement, puis revenir à sa position initiale vers l'AV sous l'action du moyen de rappel (450) du poussoir (300) lorsque la clé est ré-enclenchée). Two arrows <---- and ----> superimposed, straight or curved, indicate that the corresponding part can perform a movement in "back and forth" such as for example the locking means (200) (in general, a roller , in a known manner), which can move back towards the AR when triggered, then return to its initial position towards the AV under the action of the return means (450) of the push-button (300) when the key is re-engaged) .
Ce sont des conventions totalement évidentes et connues pour l'homme de métier.These are completely obvious conventions known to those skilled in the art.
AV, AR, INT et EXT désignent respectivement AVANT, ARRIERE, vers l'INTERIEUR et vers l'EXTERIEUR comme représenté de manière compréhensible et évidente sur les figures annexées.AV, AR, INT and EXT respectively denote FRONT, REAR, towards the INTERIOR and towards the EXTERIOR as shown in a comprehensible and obvious manner in the appended figures.
Par ailleurs, sauf indication contraire, le mouvement de toutes les pièces mobiles du mécanisme de l'invention sera considéré comme étant « réciproque », c'est-à-dire qu'à un mouvement dans une direction, par exemple au déclenchement, est associé un mouvement inverse (au réenclenchement) exactement réciproque (les deux trajets se superposent) dans la direction inverse ; ceci soit par des moyens de rappel décrits soit par le mouvement de réenclenchement effectué après chaque cycle de serrage par l'opérateur, soit par une combinaison des deux (moyen de rappel et geste de l'opérateur).Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated, the movement of all the moving parts of the mechanism of the invention will be considered to be "reciprocal", that is to say that a movement in one direction, for example on triggering, is associated a reverse movement (on reclosing) exactly reciprocal (the two paths are superimposed) in the reverse direction; this either by return means described either by the reclosing movement performed after each tightening cycle by the operator, or by a combination of the two (return means and operator gesture).
La présente invention concerne selon son moyen général représenté schématiquement sur la
- un mécanisme de blocage/déblocage d'un moyen de blocage (200) de la tête (100) de serrage de la clé dynamométrique par rapport au corps (900) de la clé, généralement un galet, ledit mécanisme, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :
- un « actionneur » représenté globalement par (500, 600),
- (500) représentant l'actionneur mécanique proprement dit, et
- (600) représentant une source de puissance connue, apte à, et adaptée pour, actionner l'actionneur mécanique (500),
- ledit moyen de blocage (200) de la tête étant maintenu en position de clé rigide par un poussoir (300) exerçant par son propre blocage une force d'AR en EV, et étant muni d'un moyen de rappel en translation longitudinale (350), poussoir qui s'oppose à la force (FS) que la tête exerce d'AV en AR sur ledit moyen de blocage (200)
- ledit poussoir coulissant dans ledit corps selon l'axe longitudinal XX du corps de la clé,
- et caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte
- un système de déclenchement de type « actionneur » globalement (500), (600)
- qui est lui-même caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte
- un ou des moyens mobiles (400) de blocage dudit poussoir en translation longitudinale selon l'axe longitudinal XX de la clé au repos, moyens qui, par translation radiale vers l'INT ou l'EXT, engagent (si leur mouvement est dirigé vers l'INT) ou dégagent (si leur mouvement est dirigé vers l'EXT) la trajectoire > AR et retour AV < en translation longitudinale dudit poussoir dans ledit corps,
- ladite translation radiale des moyens (400) amenant au déclenchement (moyens (400) en position « radiale EXT » c'est-à-dire « dégagés de ladite trajectoire »), la face AR du poussoir de la position (310) vers la position (320) plus en arrière, ce qui permet à la tête (100) de chasser son moyen de blocage (200) et de déclencher,
- et le moyen de rappel (350) ramenant après déclenchement le poussoir en position (310) ce qui ré-enclenche la clé tout en ramenant les moyens de blocage (400) en position « radiale INT » « engagés dans ladite trajectoire », ce qui bloque à nouveau le poussoir (300) et le moyen de blocage (200) de la tête (100) en position de clé « rigide » ;
- ledit actionneur (500) comportant des pièces adaptées pour autoriser ou non le mouvement de translation radiale vers l'INT ou l'EXT des moyens de blocage (400) dans et grâce aux dites pièces adaptées,
- et étant caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de blocage (400) sont eux-mêmes autorisés à se mouvoir en translation radiale par un mouvement de translation et/ou rotation (donc translation, rotation ou mouvement hélicoïdal) de pièces mobiles de l'actionneur mécanique (500) en coopération avec ledit mouvement de translation dudit poussoir (300),
- le mouvement des pièces de l'actionneur mécanique (500) étant obtenu par l'action d'une source de puissance (600) elle-même pilotée par une électronique (700), elle-même pilotée par une jauge de contrainte de serrage (800) montée sur la tête (100) et adaptée et réglée pour lui adresser un signal (S) lorsque le couple de serrage de consigne est atteint.
- qui est lui-même caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte
- un « actionneur » représenté globalement par (500, 600),
- a locking / unlocking mechanism of a locking means (200) of the head (100) for tightening the torque wrench with respect to the body (900) of the key, generally a roller, said mechanism, characterized in that it comprises :
- an “actuator” represented globally by (500, 600),
- (500) representing the actual mechanical actuator, and
- (600) representing a known power source, capable of, and suitable for, actuating the mechanical actuator (500),
- said head locking means (200) being held in a rigid key position by a pusher (300) exerting by its own locking a force from AR to EV, and being provided with a return means in longitudinal translation (350 ), pusher which opposes the force (FS) that the head exerts from forward to reverse on said locking means (200)
- said pusher sliding in said body along the longitudinal axis XX of the body of the key,
- and characterized in that it comprises
- a generally “actuator” type triggering system (500), (600)
- which is itself characterized in that it comprises
- one or more mobile means (400) for blocking said pusher in longitudinal translation along the longitudinal axis XX of the key at rest, means which, by radial translation towards the INT or the EXT, engage (if their movement is directed towards the INT) or release (if their movement is directed towards the EXT) the trajectory> AR and return AV <in longitudinal translation of said pusher in said body,
- said radial translation of the means (400) leading to the triggering (means (400) in the "radial EXT" position, that is to say "released from said path"), the rear face of the pusher from position (310) towards the position (320) further back, which allows the head (100) to drive out its locking means (200) and to trigger,
- and the return means (350) returning after triggering the pusher in position (310) which re-engages the key while returning the locking means (400) to the “radial INT” position “engaged in said trajectory”, which again blocks the pusher (300) and locking means (200) of the head (100) in the “rigid” key position;
- said actuator (500) comprising parts adapted to authorize or not the radial translational movement towards the INT or the EXT of the locking means (400) in and thanks to said adapted parts,
- and being characterized in that said locking means (400) are themselves allowed to move in radial translation by a translational and / or rotational movement (therefore translational, rotational or helical movement) of moving parts of the mechanical actuator (500) in cooperation with said translational movement of said pusher (300),
- the movement of the parts of the mechanical actuator (500) being obtained by the action of a power source (600) itself controlled by an electronics (700), itself controlled by a clamping strain gauge ( 800) mounted on the head (100) and adapted and adjusted to send it a signal (S) when the set torque is reached.
- which is itself characterized in that it comprises
- an “actuator” represented globally by (500, 600),
De manière strictement « mécanique », la présente invention concerne donc un mécanisme de déclenchement et réenclenchement de clé dynamométrique, pour montage dans le corps (900) d'une clé dynamométrique, et comprenant :
- un mécanisme de blocage/déblocage d'un moyen de blocage (200) de la tête (100) de serrage de la clé dynamométrique par rapport au corps (900) de la clé, généralement un galet, ledit mécanisme étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :
- un « actionneur » représenté globalement par (500, 600),
- (500) représentant l'actionneur mécanique proprement dit et
- (600) représentant une source de puissance connue, apte à, et adaptée pour, actionner l'actionneur mécanique 500,
- un poussoir (300) coulissant selon l'axe longitudinal XX de la clé, et étant muni d'un moyen de rappel en translation longitudinale (350),
- ledit moyen de blocage (200) de la tête étant maintenu dans un logement adapté (LG) ménagé dans la face AR de ladite tête, en position de clé rigide, par la face AV dudit poussoir,
- et en ce qu'il comporte
- un système de déclenchement de type « actionneur » globalement (500, 600),
- qui est lui-même caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte
- un ou des moyens mobiles (400) de blocage dudit poussoir en translation longitudinale selon l'axe longitudinal XX de la clé au repos,
- lesdits moyens (400) étant aptes à et adaptés pour subir une translation radiale vers l'INT ou l'EXT,
- lesdits moyens (400) étant aptes à et adaptés, en coopération avec les pièces composant l'actionneur mécanique (500), pour engager (si leur mouvement radial est dirigé vers l'INT) ou dégager (si leur mouvement radial est dirigé vers l'EXT) la trajectoire > AR et retour AV < en translation longitudinale dudit poussoir dans ledit corps,
- qui est lui-même caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte
- et étant caractérisé en ce que ledit actionneur (500) mécanique proprement dit comporte des pièces mobiles adaptées pour autoriser ou non le mouvement de translation radiale vers l'INT ou l'EXT des moyens de blocage (400) en coopération avec lesdites pièces
- lesdits moyens de blocage (400) sont eux-mêmes bloqués ou libérés radialement par translation et/ou rotation (donc translation, rotation ou mouvement hélicoïdal) desdites pièces mobiles adaptées de l'actionneur mécanique (500) en coopération avec ledit mouvement de translation dudit poussoir (300),
- les pièces mobiles de l'actionneur (500) et les pièces de blocage (400) étant adaptées pour que l'actionneur mécanique (500) subisse un mouvement de translation, rotation ou hélicoïdal qui autorise, ou forme une cavité autorisant, un mouvement de translation radiale vers l'EXT des pièces de blocage (400) du poussoir (300), pour dégager la trajectoire dudit poussoir, lequel est adapté pour alors coopérer avec lesdites pièces mobiles de l'actionneur (500) pour subir ladite translation vers l'AR,
- l'une des pièces mobiles de l'actionneur (500) étant une douille extérieure mobile coopérant avec un support fixe du coulissement du poussoir, la douille, ledit support et ledit poussoir étant coaxiaux selon l'axe XX,
- ledit moyen de blocage (200) (galet) bloqué par le poussoir et son support fixe étant adapté pour subir alors une translation vers l'AR selon le même axe longitudinal XX que le poussoir et dans un support fixe également coaxial selon l'axe XX, cette translation étant adaptée pour que le moyen de blocage (200) de la tête (généralement un galet) soit éjecté de son logement (LG) de la face AR de la tête, sous la pression que celle-ci exerce sur ledit moyen (200) via les parois du logement (LG) et sous l'action de la force résultant du couple de serrage appliqué.
- a locking / unlocking mechanism of a locking means (200) of the head (100) for tightening the torque wrench with respect to the body (900) of the key, generally a roller, said mechanism being characterized in that it comprises :
- an “ actuator ” represented globally by (500, 600),
- (500) representing the actual mechanical actuator and
- (600) representing a known power source, capable of, and suitable for, actuating the
mechanical actuator 500,
- a pusher (300) sliding along the longitudinal axis XX of the key, and being provided with a return means in longitudinal translation (350),
- said head locking means (200) being held in a suitable housing (LG) provided in the rear face of said head, in the rigid key position, by the front face of said pusher,
- and in that it includes
- an overall “actuator” type triggering system (500, 600),
- which is itself characterized in that it comprises
- one or more mobile means (400) for blocking said pusher in longitudinal translation along the longitudinal axis XX of the key at rest,
- said means (400) being capable of and adapted to undergo a radial translation towards the INT or the EXT,
- said means (400) being able and adapted, in cooperation with the parts composing the mechanical actuator (500), to engage (if their radial movement is directed towards the INT) or disengage (if their radial movement is directed towards the INT) 'EXT) the trajectory> AR and return AV <in longitudinal translation of said pusher in said body,
- which is itself characterized in that it comprises
- and being characterized in that said actual mechanical actuator (500) comprises moving parts adapted to allow or not the radial translational movement towards the INT or the EXT of the locking means (400) in cooperation with said parts
- said locking means (400) are themselves locked or released radially by translation and / or rotation (therefore translation, rotation or helical movement ) of said adapted moving parts of the mechanical actuator (500) in cooperation with said translational movement of said pusher (300),
- the moving parts of the actuator (500) and the locking parts (400) being adapted so that the mechanical actuator (500) undergoes a translational, rotational or helical movement which allows, or forms a cavity allowing, a movement of radial translation towards the EXT of the locking pieces (400) of the pusher (300), to free the path of said pusher, which is adapted to then cooperate with said moving parts of the actuator (500) to undergo said translation towards the AR,
- one of the movable parts of the actuator (500) being a movable outer sleeve cooperating with a fixed support for the sliding of the pusher, the sleeve, said support and said pusher being coaxial along the axis XX,
- said locking means (200) (roller) locked by the pusher and its fixed support being adapted to then undergo a translation towards the AR along the same longitudinal axis XX as the pusher and in a fixed support also coaxial along the axis XX , this translation being adapted so that the locking means (200) of the head (generally a roller) is ejected from its housing (LG) of the rear face of the head, under the pressure which the latter exerts on said means ( 200) via the walls of the housing (LG) and under the action of the force resulting from the applied tightening torque.
De manière tout à fait préférée, ladite clé dynamométrique est du type autorisant une grande cassure par le fait que sa tête est déportée en avant du corps de la clé.Very preferably, said torque wrench is of the type allowing a large breakage by the fact that its head is offset in front of the body of the wrench.
Selon le mode de réalisation tout à fait préféré, lesdits moyens (400) sont une ou des billes, de préférence deux ou trois ou 4 à 6 billes, de préférence trois billes.According to the most preferred embodiment, said means (400) are one or more balls, preferably two or three or 4 to 6 balls, preferably three balls.
Selon un mode moins préféré, lesdits moyens de blocage (400) sont des rouleaux ou des troncs de cône placés transversalement, de préférence deux ou trois tels rouleaux ou troncs de cône, ou 4 à 6, de préférence trois tels rouleaux ou troncs de cône.According to a less preferred embodiment, said locking means (400) are rollers or truncated cones placed transversely, preferably two or three such rollers or truncated cones, or 4 to 6, preferably three such rollers or truncated cones. .
« Transversalement » signifie « perpendiculairement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal XX »." Transversally " means "perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX".
« Radialement » signifie « dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal XX »." Radially " means "in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX".
Les billes ou rouleaux ou troncs ou autres types de moyens mobiles de blocage (400) sont de préférence répartis dans un plan transversal unique, ou bien répartis dans des plans transversaux distincts. Cette dernière disposition est nettement moins préférée car plus complexe.The balls or rollers or trunks or other types of mobile locking means (400) are preferably distributed in a single transverse plane, or else distributed in distinct transverse planes. The latter arrangement is much less preferred because it is more complex.
De préférence, la dite répartition est angulairement régulière, par exemple répartition de trois billes séparées angulairement par un arc de cercle de 120°.Preferably, said distribution is angularly regular, for example distribution of three balls separated angularly by a circular arc of 120 °.
De manière préférée, ladite source de puissance (600) est un moteur électrique ou à air comprimé, un vérin hydraulique ou à gaz, et analogues, et est alimentée par des piles ou batteries, ou une cartouche de gaz comprimé, et/ou de fluide hydraulique etc..., de manière connue.Preferably, said power source (600) is an electric or compressed air motor, a hydraulic or gas cylinder, and the like, and is powered by cells or batteries, or a compressed gas cartridge, and / or hydraulic fluid, etc., in a known manner.
Ledit actionneur comporte une douille (F) coaxiale avec le corps (900) et mobile en translation et/ou rotation (donc en translation, rotation ou mouvement hélicoïdal vers l'AV ou l'AR) coopérant avec un support de poussoir coaxial à la fois au poussoir et à ladite douille.Said actuator comprises a sleeve (F) coaxial with the body (900) and movable in translation and / or rotation (therefore in translation, rotation or helical movement towards the AV or the AR) cooperating with a pusher support coaxial both with the pusher and with said sleeve.
Sur la
On comprend que le mouvement desdits moyens de blocage (400) est globalement dirigé vers l'EXT pour dégager la trajectoire dudit poussoir (300) ou inversement vers l'INT pour engager ladite trajectoire et réenclencher la clé.It is understood that the movement of said locking means (400) is generally directed towards the EXT to release the path of said pusher (300) or vice versa towards the INT to engage said path and re-engage the key.
« Globalement » signifie que ledit mouvement de l'actionneur (500) et notamment de ladite douille (F) est soit une translation AV/AR soit une translation radiale vers l'EXT ou l'INT, soit une combinaison (mouvement hélicoïdal vers l'EXT ou l'INT)." Globally " means that said movement of the actuator (500) and in particular of said sleeve (F) is either a forward / reverse translation or a radial translation towards the EXT or the INT, or a combination (helical movement towards the 'EXT or INT).
Le moyen de rappel (350) est un ressort de rappel selon le mode préféré de réalisation.The return means (350) is a return spring according to the preferred embodiment.
On a représenté sur la
Sur la
Le système selon l'invention représenté sur la
- à l'intérieur, et coaxial avec l'axe longitudinal XX, un poussoir (B) (300) central de forme généralement cylindrique, ou éventuellement de section octogonale ou carrée ou triangulaire ou analogue, capable de coulisser longitudinalement dans le corps (F, 900) de la clé,
- qui d'une part subit à son extrémité AV (40) la force (FS) transmise par la tête (non représentée) au galet (C) (200) de blocage de la tête et dudit poussoir, avec lequel il est en contact, la force (FS) résultant du couple de serrage appliqué, avec transmission par la tête, de manière connue,
- qui d'autre part comporte un ressort de rappel (G, 350) du poussoir exerçant sur une partie AV (45) (et/ou AR, non représenté) du poussoir une force de rappel contraire à ladite poussée ;
- vers l'extérieur et adjacent à la surface extérieure (50) dudit poussoir, un support de poussoir A (non représenté sur la
Figure 3 ) monté fixe sur la tête (non représentée) de la clé, concentrique /coaxial avec ledit poussoir, support dans lequel coulisse ledit poussoir, - et à l'extérieur dudit support de poussoir une douille (F, 500) de blocage concentrique/coaxiale de la partie AR dudit poussoir et dudit support (A) de poussoir, douille (F) dont la surface intérieure (60) est adjacente à la surface extérieure (70) dudit support de poussoir,
- ladite douille de blocage (F) étant montée coulissante en translation et/ou mobile en rotation (mouvement de translation, rotation ou hélicoïdal vers l'AV ou l'AR)
- le tout par rapport à l'axe longitudinal XX du corps de la clé,
- et en ce que,
- ledit poussoir comporte un logement L1 dans sa surface extérieure (50), adapté pour recevoir une partie dite intérieure (E i) d'une bille de blocage (E, 400),
- ledit support de poussoir A comporte un logement (L2) traversant et adapté pour recevoir la partie dite médiane (E m) de ladite bille,
- et ladite douille de blocage (F) comporte dans sa surface intérieure (60) un logement (L3) adapté à recevoir la partie dite extérieure (E e) de ladite bille,
- ce logement (L3) étant décalé en translation et/ou en rotation par rapport à ladite partie extérieure de la bille lorsque la clé est en position de blocage dite clé rigide,
- et ce logement (L3) venant se positionner en coïncidence avec la partie extérieure de ladite bille, par translation et/ou rotation de ladite douille de blocage par rapport au support de poussoir, en position de déclenchement ou de « cassure »
- ladite bille étant logée dans les logements (L1) du poussoir et (L2) du support de poussoir en position de blocage de la clé, son occupation du logement (L1) empêchant donc le poussoir de se mouvoir en translation,
- et ladite bille étant logée dans les logements (L2) et (L3) lorsque ledit logement (L3) vient en coïncidence avec ledit logement (L2), par le fait que, sous la poussée du galet, et par la mise en coïncidence des logements (L3) et (L2), le poussoir a chassé ladite bille du logement (L1), ce qui autorise la translation du poussoir et donc le déblocage ou déclenchement ou « cassure » de la clé,
- et en ce que ladite clé comporte encore un moyen (500) et (600) (source de puissance, moteur ou vérin), capable d'agir en translation et/ou en rotation sur l'AR de ladite douille de blocage, afin de mettre les logements (L3) et (L2) en coïncidence et donc débloquer la clé,
- ledit moyen (500, 600) étant commandé par une électronique (700) elle-même activée par un signal (S) de « couple de consigne atteint» émis par une jauge de contrainte (800) montée sur la tête de ladite clé.
- toutes les pièces étant adaptées en position, géométrie, dimensions et cinématique pour que les mouvements ci-dessus puissent être effectués sans frottement excessif.
- « Sans frottement excessif » signifie que lesdites pièces peuvent se mouvoir comme décrit en étant maintenues en position correcte mais sans aucun frottement inutile, donc sans serrage inutile. L'homme de métier sait comment usiner des pièces, et les dimensionner, pour qu'elles puissent coulisser ou se mouvoir autrement en conservant leurs positions respectives mais sans serrage excessif ni évidemment risque de grippage, avec seulement le recours à une lubrification correcte. Ces techniques sont mises en œuvre couramment dans l'industrie mécanique notamment de précision, ou le domaine de l'armurerie (coulissement longitudinal de la culasse, et introduction radiale d'une cartouche, puis coulissement inverse, avec simultanément mouvements de nombreuses autres pièces mobiles, toutes étant « adaptées »).
- L'homme de métier comprendra donc aisément à l'aide entre autres de ce dernier exemple, ce que signifie « adaptées en position, géométrie, dimensions, et cinématique » .
- inside , and coaxial with the longitudinal axis XX, a central pusher (B) (300) of generally cylindrical shape, or possibly of octagonal or square or triangular section or the like, capable of sliding longitudinally in the body (F, 900) of the key,
- which on the one hand undergoes at its AV end (40) the force (FS) transmitted by the head (not shown) to the roller (C) (200) for blocking the head and said pusher, with which it is in contact, the force (FS) resulting from the tightening torque applied, with transmission by the head, in a known manner,
- which on the other hand comprises a return spring (G, 350) of the pusher exerting on an AV part (45) (and / or AR, not shown) of the pusher a return force contrary to said thrust;
- outwardly and adjacent to the outer surface (50) of said pusher, a pusher support A (not shown in FIG.
Figure 3 ) fixedly mounted on the head (not shown) of the key, concentric / coaxial with said pusher, support in which said pusher slides, - and outside said pusher support a sleeve (F, 500) for concentric / coaxial locking of the rear part of said pusher and of said pusher support (A), sleeve (F) whose inner surface (60) is adjacent to the outer surface (70) of said pusher support,
- said locking sleeve (F) being mounted to slide in translation and / or movable in rotation (translational, rotational or helical movement towards the front or rear)
- the whole in relation to the longitudinal axis XX of the body of the key,
- and in that,
- said pusher comprises a housing L1 in its outer surface (50), adapted to receive a so-called inner part (E i) of a locking ball (E, 400),
- said pusher support A comprises a housing (L2) passing through and adapted to receive the so-called middle part (E m) of said ball,
- and said locking sleeve (F) comprises in its inner surface (60) a housing (L3) adapted to receive the so-called outer part (E e) of said ball,
- this housing (L3) being offset in translation and / or in rotation with respect to said outer part of the ball when the key is in the so-called rigid key locking position,
- and this housing (L3) being positioned in coincidence with the outer part of said ball, by translation and / or rotation of said locking sleeve with respect to the pusher support, in the tripping or "break" position
- said ball being housed in the housings (L1) of the pusher and (L2) of the pusher support in the key locking position, its occupation of the housing (L1) therefore preventing the pusher from moving in translation,
- and said ball being housed in the housings (L2) and (L3) when said housing (L3) comes into coincidence with said housing (L2), by the fact that, under the thrust of the roller, and by the placing of the housings in coincidence (L3) and (L2), the pusher has driven said ball from the housing (L1), which allows the translation of the pusher and therefore the unlocking or triggering or "breaking" of the key,
- and in that said key further comprises means (500) and (600) (power source, motor or cylinder), capable of acting in translation and / or in rotation on the AR of said locking sleeve, in order to put the housings (L3) and (L2) in coincidence and therefore unlock the key,
- said means (500, 600) being controlled by an electronics (700) itself activated by a signal (S) of “target torque reached” emitted by a strain gauge (800) mounted on the head of said wrench.
- all the parts being adapted in position, geometry, dimensions and kinematics so that the above movements can be carried out without excessive friction.
- "Without excessive friction " means that said parts can move as described while being maintained in the correct position but without any unnecessary friction, therefore without unnecessary clamping. Those skilled in the art know how to machine parts, and size them, so that they can slide or otherwise move while maintaining their respective positions but without excessive tightening or obviously risk of seizing, with only recourse to correct lubrication. These techniques are commonly implemented in the mechanical industry, particularly in the precision industry, or in the field of armory (longitudinal sliding of the breech, and radial introduction of a cartridge, then reverse sliding, with simultaneous movements of numerous other moving parts. , all of which are "adapted").
- Those skilled in the art will therefore easily understand, with the aid of, inter alia, the latter example, what “ adapted in position, geometry, dimensions and kinematics ” means.
On a représenté sur la
La
La
De préférence, ledit moyen (500, 600) d'action sur ladite douille de blocage (F) comporte un moyen (600) (source de puissance) de type électro-mécanique / hydraulique motorisé comme un moteur ou un vérin hydraulique ou à gaz, et un moyen (500) (actionneur proprement dit) de transmission de l'action du moyen (600) à l'actionneur (500) par des moyens mécaniques adaptés en cinématique, géométrie et dimensions.Preferably, said means (500, 600) for acting on said locking sleeve (F) comprises means (600) (power source) of the electro-mechanical / hydraulic type motorized such as a motor or a hydraulic or gas cylinder. , and a means (500) (actual actuator) for transmitting the action of the means (600) to the actuator (500) by mechanical means adapted in kinematics, geometry and dimensions.
La
La
De préférence, ledit moyen (500, 600) d'action sur ladite douille de blocage (F) est un moyen de type électro-mécanique / hydraulique motorisé dont un exemple non limitatif est donné par les moyens (500 (a) à (d)) ci-dessus, motorisés et pilotés comme indiqué.Preferably, said means (500, 600) for acting on said locking sleeve (F) is a motorized electro-mechanical / hydraulic type means, a non-limiting example of which is given by means (500 (a) to (d) )) above, motorized and piloted as indicated.
« Reculer » est bien entendu défini par rapport à la symbolique choisie de AV/AR, le poussoir « reculant » donc vers l'AR, par définition. Pour la même raison « mouvement inverse du poussoir » signifie « avancer » c'est-à-dire mouvement vers AV." Going back " is of course defined in relation to the chosen symbolism of FWD / AR, the push button therefore "moving back" towards the AR, by definition. For the same reason " reverse movement of the pusher" means "forward" that is to say movement towards AV.
La
Les pièces sont les mêmes que sur la
Par contre, au niveau fonctionnel, on voit que, par rapport à la
- l'activateur (500, 600) a entraîné un mouvement de coulissement (ou translation) de la douille de blocage (F) vers l'AV, le poussoir restant fixe car, au moment précis et très fugace de l'activation, la force (FS) s'applique toujours sur le galet (C),
- ce qui a amené le logement (L3) en coïncidence avec le logement (L2),
- la force (FS) appliquée au poussoir via le galet de blocage de tête (C) pouvant alors faire reculer en translation ou coulissement le poussoir (B), celui-ci pouvant à son tour déplacer ou chasser le moyen de blocage du poussoir (E, 400), notamment des billes comme décrit ci-dessus, du fait que ledit moyen (E, 400) (billes notamment) est monté libre ou «flottant» dans les logements (L1) et (L2) (et maintenant en face de (L3)) et n'est donc muni d'aucun moyen de résistance à son déplacement vers (L3),
- le moyen (E, 400) (notamment, billes) cessant simultanément alors d'engager la trajectoire du poussoir (B) ce qui autorise le coulissement du poussoir vers l'AR,
- le galet (C) de blocage de tête pouvant donc simultanément reculer sous l'action de la force (FS),
- ce qui permet à la tête d'éjecter ce galet (C) de son logement (LG) car la force (FS) est supérieure à la force de rappel du moyen de rappel (H, 350) (notamment, un ressort de rappel),
- la tête, qui n'est alors plus bloquée par le galet (C), pouvant alors pivoter librement autour du pivot (3) visible sur les
Figures 6 et 7 , - ceci correspondant au «déclenchement» ou «cassure» que perçoit l'opérateur (« feeling ») qui stoppe son action de serrage, désengage la clé, la ramène en position dite de « clé rigide » (cf. description ci-dessus en relation avec la
Figure 7 ), ce qui la rend prête à être rangée ou à effectuer le serrage d'une autre pièce.
- the activator (500, 600) has caused a sliding movement (or translation) of the locking sleeve (F) towards the AV, the pusher remaining fixed because, at the precise and very fleeting moment of activation, the force (FS) always applies to the roller (C),
- which brought the housing (L3) into coincidence with the housing (L2),
- the force (FS) applied to the plunger via the head locking roller (C) can then cause the plunger to move back in translation or sliding (B), the latter being able in turn to move or drive out the locking means of the pusher (E, 400), in particular balls as described above, because said means (E, 400) (especially balls) is mounted free or "floating" in the housings (L1) and (L2) (and now facing (L3)) and is therefore not provided with any means of resistance to its movement towards (L3),
- the means (E, 400) (in particular, balls) then simultaneously ceasing to engage the path of the pusher (B) which allows the sliding of the pusher towards the AR,
- the head locking roller (C) can therefore simultaneously move back under the action of the force (FS),
- which allows the head to eject this roller (C) from its housing (LG) because the force (FS) is greater than the return force of the return means (H, 350) (in particular, a return spring) ,
- the head, which is then no longer blocked by the roller (C), can then pivot freely around the pivot (3) visible on the
Figures 6 and7 , - this corresponds to the “trigger” or “break” that the operator perceives (“feeling”) who stops his tightening action, disengages the key, brings it back to the so-called “rigid key” position (cf. description above in relation with the
Figure 7 ), which makes it ready to be put away or to perform the clamping of another part.
L'homme de métier aura compris que tous ces mouvements sont quasiment simultanés à partir du moment où le logement (L3) avance et arrive en coïncidence avec (L2).Those skilled in the art will have understood that all these movements are almost simultaneous from the moment when the housing (L3) advances and arrives in coincidence with (L2).
Ce qui a été qualifié ci-dessus de moment « fugace », ce qui traduit aussi le fait que le déclenchement est « instantané » selon la définition donnée plus haut.What has been qualified above as a “ fleeting ” moment, which also reflects the fact that the triggering is “instantaneous” according to the definition given above.
L'homme de métier aura compris également que les dimensions, formes et de manière générale, les géométries et cinématiques de toutes les pièces et logements intervenant dans les processus cinématiques intervenant dans lesdits mécanismes comme décrit dans la présente demande sont « adaptées » de telle sorte qu'elles puissent se mouvoir et coopérer comme décrit ci-dessus. Il est évidemment impossible de décrire en détail ces formes, dimensions et géométries : la description des mouvements et des cinématiques impliqués suffit pour que l'homme de métier comprenne aisément la façon dont ces pièces et logements doivent être « adaptés ».Those skilled in the art will also understand that the dimensions, shapes and in general, the geometries and kinematics of all the parts and housings involved in the kinematic processes occurring in said mechanisms as described in the present application are "adapted" in such a way. that they can move and cooperate as described above. It is obviously impossible to describe these shapes, dimensions and geometries in detail: the description of the movements and kinematics involved is sufficient for a person skilled in the art to easily understand the way in which these parts and housings must be “adapted”.
A titre d'exemple, et au vu des mouvements, cinématiques et fonctionnalités décrites ci-dessus en grand détail, il apparaîtra immédiatement à tout homme de métier que, entre autres :
- la position du logement (L3) dans la douille (F) sera déterminée par l'amplitude du mouvement vers l'AV (MVT) de ladite douille sous l'action de l'actionneur (500, 600), ladite position et ladite amplitude étant coordonnées pour que (L3) vienne en coïncidence au dessus de (L2) ;
- le volume et la géométrie des logements (L1), (L2) et (L3)
devront être 1/ définis et 2/ coordonnés afin que la bille (400) (ou plus généralement le moyen de blocage du poussoir (E)) puisse en position de clé rigide se loger dans L1+L2 sans s'opposer au mouvement ni du poussoir (B) ni de la douille (F) et, en position de déclenchement, puisse être facilement chassé vers (L2) et (L3) et être logé entièrement dans (L2) et (L3) sans pouvoir s'opposer au mouvement du poussoir (B) vers l'AR ; - la forme et les dimensions du moyen (E) de blocage du poussoir devront permettre ce qui précède c'est-à-dire un logement successivement dans les logements L1+L2 puis L2+L3, et un déplacement aisé (notamment avec le moins possible de friction avec les pièces) d'une position vers l'autre, puis mouvement inverse au réenclenchement ;
- la forme du logement (L1) est étudiée pour faciliter le déplacement par le poussoir du moyen (E) (billes notamment) de sa position L1+L2 vers sa position dans L2+L3, puis mouvement inverse au ré-enclenchement
- ainsi, sur la
Figure 4 ou 8 , on voit qu'une géométrie préférée pour le logement (L1) correspond à un logement à double pente, relativement forte sur l'AR du logement pour faciliter l'éjection du moyen (E) vers L2+L3, et moins forte vers l'AV du logement, pour faciliter un retour progressif facile du moyen (E) vers (L1) ; ce logement étant évidemment adapté à la forme du moyen de blocage, ici une bille ; - les logements (L1), (L2) et (L3) doivent être adaptés pour recevoir, et maintenir avec précision mais sans serrer, le ou les moyens (E, 400) comme des billes (« avec précision mais sans serrer» signifie que la bille par exemple ne doit pas « flotter » dans les logements, mais ne doit pas non plus être serrée au point de générer des frictions, d'être déplacée avec difficulté ou pas assez rapidement, ou pire de se coincer : le moyen (E) doit donc être « juste au contact » des parois des logements, ce qui ressort de la simple expérience d'un homme de métier) ;
- l'énergie développée par l'actionneur et sa motorisation est telle quelle est capable de vaincre les frictions entre les pièces coulissantes, essentiellement pour mouvoir « instantanément » la douille (F), sans être inutilement importante ce qui entraînerait un besoin en énergie trop élevé (donc un poids inutile de batteries par exemple, et des pièces, et de la motorisation) ;
- que les pièces de l'actionneur (500, 600), notamment les dimensions, géométries et cinématique des biellettes (500(a) et (b)) prises à titre d'exemple non limitatif, ainsi que l'emplacement de leurs pivots (500(c)) et (d) (
Fig. 6 et7 ) seront adaptées afin que l'amplitude et la puissance du mouvement MVT correspondent à celles des autres pièces constitutives du « mécanisme » ;
- le moyen de rappel (H, 350), notamment un ressort de rappel, devra exercer une résistance suffisamment inférieure à la force FS pour que le poussoir puisse reculer « instantanément », mais suffisante pour ramener rapidement ledit poussoir en position après le déclenchement ;
- etc...
- the position of the housing (L3) in the socket (F) will be determined by the amplitude of the movement towards the AV (MVT) of said socket under the action of the actuator (500, 600), said position and said amplitude being coordinated so that (L3) comes into coincidence above (L2);
- the volume and the geometry of the housings (L1), (L2) and (L3) must be 1 / defined and 2 / coordinated so that the ball (400) (or more generally the means for locking the pusher (E)) can rigid key position can be housed in L1 + L2 without opposing the movement of either the pusher (B) or the socket (F) and, in the release position, can be easily pushed out towards (L2) and (L3) and be fully housed in (L2) and (L3) without being able to oppose the movement of the pusher (B) towards the AR;
- the shape and dimensions of the means (E) for blocking the pusher must allow the above, that is to say a housing successively in the housings L1 + L2 then L2 + L3, and easy movement (in particular with as little as possible friction with the parts) from one position to the other, then reverse movement on reclosing;
- the shape of the housing (L1) is designed to facilitate the movement by the push-button of the means (E) (balls in particular) from its position L1 + L2 to its position in L2 + L3, then reverse movement on re-engagement
- thus, on the
Figure 4 Where8 , we see that a preferred geometry for the housing (L1) corresponds to a double slope housing, relatively strong on the rear of the housing to facilitate the ejection of the medium (E) to L2 + L3, and less strong towards the front of the housing, to facilitate an easy gradual return of medium (E) to (L1); this housing being obviously adapted to the shape of the locking means, here a ball; - the housings (L1), (L2) and (L3) must be adapted to receive, and hold with precision but without tightening, the means (E, 400) like balls (“with precision but without tightening” means that the ball for example must not "float" in the housings, but neither must be tightened to the point of generating friction, of being moved with difficulty or not quickly enough, or worse of getting stuck: the means (E) must therefore be "just in contact" with the walls of the housing, which emerges from the simple experience of a skilled person);
- the energy developed by the actuator and its motorization is such that it is capable of overcoming the friction between the sliding parts, essentially to “instantly” move the socket (F), without being unnecessarily large, which would result in an excessively high energy requirement (therefore an unnecessary weight of batteries for example, and parts, and motorization);
- that the parts of the actuator (500, 600), in particular the dimensions, geometries and kinematics of the rods (500 (a) and (b)) taken by way of non-limiting example, as well as the location of their pivots ( 500 (c)) and (d) (
Fig. 6 and7 ) will be adapted so that the amplitude and power of the MVT movement correspond to those of the other constituent parts of the "mechanism";
- the return means (H, 350), in particular a return spring, will have to exert a resistance sufficiently lower than the force FS so that the pusher can move back "instantly", but sufficient to quickly return said pusher in position after the trigger;
- etc ...
L'homme de métier aura compris que l'ensemble forme une suite de compromis et d'adaptations qui entrent tout à fait dans le champ de ses connaissances générales.Those skilled in the art will have understood that the whole forms a series of compromises and adaptations which are entirely within the scope of their general knowledge.
On a représenté sur la
- sur la
Figure 9b qui est une vue en coupe transversale de laFigure 4 selon AA donc au niveau du milieu des billes (400). Cette figure détaille la façon dont les billes sont logées, à l'état enclenché, dans les logements (L1) (non visible car masqué par les billes) et (L2), le logement (L3) étant décalé. - Sur la
Figure 9b qui est une vue en coupe transversale de laFigure 8 selon BB donc au niveau également du milieu des billes, on s'est attaché à représenter clairement les surfaces (50), (60) et (70), et on voit que, à l'état déclenché, les moyens (E, 400), ici trois billes, sont logées entièrement dans les logements (L2) et (L3), laissant ainsi le poussoir (B) libre en translation (ou coulissement selon l'axe longitudinal XX).
- on the
Figure 9b which is a cross-sectional view of theFigure 4 according to AA therefore at the level of the middle of the balls (400). This figure details the way in which the balls are housed, in the engaged state, in the housings (L1) (not visible because hidden by the balls) and (L2), the housing (L3) being offset. - On the
Figure 9b which is a cross-sectional view of theFigure 8 according to BB therefore also at the level of the middle of the balls, we have endeavored to clearly represent the surfaces (50), (60) and (70), and we see that, in the triggered state, the means (E, 400), here three balls, are housed entirely in the housings (L2) and (L3), thus leaving the pusher (B) free in translation (or sliding along the longitudinal axis XX).
Ces deux dessins permettent aussi de représenter ce que l'on entend par la définition du positionnement des billes et de leur maintien avec un frottement minimal dans les logements prévus.These two drawings also make it possible to represent what is meant by the definition of the positioning of the balls and their maintenance with minimal friction in the housings provided.
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Ce qui précède couvre le premier mode de réalisation dit « avec translation » (de la douille (F)) et décalage longitudinal du logement (L3).The above covers the first embodiment known as “with translation” (of the sleeve (F)) and longitudinal offset of the housing (L3).
Un second mode de réalisation est identique au précédent sauf en ce qu'il opère « avec rotation » ou bien mouvement hélicoïdal (de la douille (F)).A second embodiment is identical to the previous one except in that it operates "with rotation" or else helical movement (of the sleeve (F)).
Le principe est le même sauf en ce que le logement (L3) décalé longitudinalement est remplacé par un logement (L4) décalé angulairement dans le plan des moyens (E, 400), par exemple des billes (400) choisies comme exemple.The principle is the same except in that the housing (L3) offset longitudinally is replaced by a housing (L4) angularly offset in the plane of the means (E, 400), for example balls (400) chosen as an example.
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Sur la
On the
Les pièces et le fonctionnement sont comme décrits pour le mode « translation » sauf en ce que le logement ménagé dans la surface intérieure de la douille (F) est une gorge (L4) longitudinale et décalée angulairement par rapport à la bille correspondante.The parts and the operation are as described for the “translation” mode except in that the housing provided in the inner surface of the sleeve (F) is a longitudinal groove (L4) and angularly offset with respect to the corresponding ball.
Cette gorge (L4) ou bien court tout le long de la douille pour une plus grande facilité d'usinage (comme représenté), ou bien la gorge est limitée à une portion (L5) de gorge identiquement décalée mais dont la longueur se limite à une longueur qui suffit à recevoir la bille correspondante. Dans ce dernier cas de figure, la gorge (L4) est en fait identique au logement (L3) sauf en ce que, au lieu d'être décalée en translation comme (L3), (L4) est décalée angulairement.This groove (L4) either runs all along the sleeve for greater ease of machining (as shown), or else the groove is limited to a portion (L5) of the groove identically offset but whose length is limited to a length which is sufficient to receive the corresponding ball. In the latter case, the groove (L4) is in fact identical to the housing (L3) except in that, instead of being offset in translation like (L3), (L4) is offset angularly.
On voit sur la
On peut également opérer selon un troisième mode dit « mode hélicoïdal » dans lequel la douille et son logement (L3), (L4) ou (L5) suivent un mouvement hélicoïdal vers l'avant sous l'action de l'actionneur, le logement (L3) ou (L4) ou (L5) étant donc décalé à la fois en translation comme dans le premier mode, et en rotation comme dans le second mode.It is also possible to operate according to a third mode called " helical mode " in which the sleeve and its housing (L3), (L4) or (L5) follow a forward helical movement under the action of the actuator, the housing (L3) or (L4) or (L5) therefore being shifted both in translation as in the first mode, and in rotation as in the second mode.
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Sur la
On comprend que, en position enclenchée ou clé rigide (
Dans les trois cas, l'homme de métier saura dimensionner, positionner et « adapter » les logements (L4) ou (L5) à la nature et la dimension des autres pièces et logements, comme cela a été expliqué en détail ci-dessus, et en s'inspirant de ce qui précède, de la
On trouvera ci-dessous divers modes de mise en œuvre particuliers des modes de fonctionnement et des fonctionnalités décrites ci-dessus.Various particular implementation modes of the operating modes and functionalities described above will be found below.
Rappel de Convention :Dans toutes les figures, les mêmes références désignent les mêmes pièces. Un trait horizontal au-dessus de hachures est un symbole de mécanique signifiant que la pièce concernée est montée FIXE, tandis qu'une flèche droite ou respectivement courbée décrit un mouvement de la pièce en translation ou respectivement en rotation.Reminder of Convention: In all the figures, the same references designate the same parts. A horizontal line above the hatching is a mechanical symbol signifying that the part concerned is mounted FIXED, while a straight or respectively curved arrow describes a movement of the part in translation or respectively in rotation.
Les Figures décrites ci-dessous représentent toutes des modes différents permettant d'actionner la douille (F) en translation, rotation ou mode hélicoïdal, c'est à dire l'actionneur (500, 600) ; le mécanisme de l'invention fonctionnant ensuite comme décrit ci-dessus : le fonctionnement du poussoir, le mouvement des billes (E), du galet (C), les logements (L1), (L2) etc... et leurs fonctionnalités ne seront donc pas décrits à nouveau. De même on ne représente pas dans ces Figures ni l'électronique ni la jauge de contrainte ni le signal (F) de couple de consigne atteint, qui déclenchent l'action du moteur comme décrit ci-dessus et dans la demande antérieure SAM précitée. Ceci sera entièrement évident pour l'homme de métier ayant étudié ce qui précède.The Figures described below all represent different modes making it possible to actuate the sleeve (F) in translation, rotation or helical mode, that is to say the actuator (500, 600); the mechanism of the invention then functioning as described above: the operation of the pusher, the movement of the balls (E), of the roller (C), the housings (L1), (L2) etc ... and their functions will therefore not be described again. Likewise, neither the electronics nor the strain gauge nor the signal (F) of the target torque reached, which trigger the action of the motor as described above and in the aforementioned previous SAM application, is not represented in these Figures. This will be entirely obvious to those skilled in the art having studied the above.
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Selon ce mode, le logement (L4) qui peut être une gorge ou une portion de gorge est donc décalé par rapport à une bille considérée à la fois angulairement et vers l'AR du plan de la bille.According to this embodiment, the housing (L4) which can be a groove or a groove portion is therefore offset with respect to a ball considered both angularly and towards the rear of the plane of the ball.
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L'homme de métier comprendra que, dans toutes les options, on peut remplacer le moteur, comme source de puissance, par un vérin hydraulique ou à gaz, ou autre source connue de puissance. Ceci est connu et ne nécessite pas de figure supplémentaire, le moteur étant remplacé par notamment un vérin en translation, ou un vérin couplé aux moyens mécaniques ci-dessus pour obtenir un mouvement de rotation ou hélicoïdal ; ces modifications élémentaires sont à la portée immédiate de tout homme de métier.Those skilled in the art will understand that, in all the options, it is possible to replace the motor, as a power source, by a hydraulic or gas cylinder, or other known source of power. This is known and does not require an additional figure, the motor being replaced by in particular a translation jack, or a jack coupled to the above mechanical means to obtain a rotational or helical movement; these elementary modifications are within the immediate reach of any person skilled in the art.
La présente invention concerne tous les mécanismes qui viennent d'être décrits et permettant d'agir sur le galet (C) de blocage de la tête (100) afin de permettre un déclenchement « instantané » de la clé lorsque le couple de consigne est atteint.The present invention relates to all the mechanisms which have just been described and which make it possible to act on the roller (C) for locking the head (100) in order to allow “instantaneous” triggering of the key when the setpoint torque is reached. .
L'invention concerne les actionneurs seuls (c'est-à-dire les mécanismes ne comportant pas l'électronique et éventuellement ne comportant pas la source de puissance (moteur, vérin, ou analogue) et éventuellement ne comportant pas les batteries, ainsi que les mécanismes complets prêts à être montés ou assemblés dans un corps de clé dynamométrique ainsi que les clés munies de ces mécanismes, actionneurs et/ou sous ensembles de ces mécanismes ou actionneurs.The invention relates to actuators alone (that is to say mechanisms not including electronics and possibly not including the power source (motor, jack, or the like) and possibly not not comprising the batteries, as well as the complete mechanisms ready to be mounted or assembled in a torque wrench body as well as the keys fitted with these mechanisms, actuators and / or sub-assemblies of these mechanisms or actuators.
L'invention concerne les clés dynamométriques comportant un mécanisme tel que décrit, ainsi que des actionneurs tels que décrits et ainsi que les utilisations des clés ou actionneurs dans les domaines de l'aéronautique, de la construction automobile, de l'industrie spatiale, ferroviaire, et de tout secteur industriel requérant une extrême précision de serrage.The invention relates to torque wrenches comprising a mechanism as described, as well as actuators as described and as well as the uses of wrenches or actuators in the fields of aeronautics, automobile construction, the space industry, railroad. , and any industrial sector requiring extreme tightening precision.
Claims (39)
- A mechanism for disengaging and re-engaging a torque wrench, for a mounting in the body (900) of a torque wrench of the type authorizing great breakage by the fact that its head is offset in front of the body of the wrench, and comprising:- a blocking/unblocking mechanism of a blocking means (200) of the head (100) for tightening the torque wrench relative to the body (900) of the wrench, generally a roller, said mechanism, characterized in that it includes:- an «actuator» globally represented by (500, 600),- (500) representing the mechanical actuator itself and- (600) representing a known power source, capable of, and suitable for, actuating the mechanical actuator (500),- said blocking means (200) of the head being held in the rigid wrench position by a pusher (300) exerting by its own blocking a force from AR to EV, and being provided with a return means in longitudinal translation (350), pusher which opposes the force (FS) that the head exerts from the AV to the AR on said blocking means (200)- said pusher sliding in said body along the longitudinal axis XX of the body of the wrench,- and characterized in that it includes- a disengagement system of the «actuator» type globally (500), (600)- which is itself characterized in that it includes- one or more movable means (400) for blocking said pusher in longitudinal translation along the longitudinal axis XX of the wrench at rest, means which, by radial translation towards the INT or the EXT, engage (if their movement is directed towards INT) or release (if their movement is directed towards EXT) the path> AR and return AV <in longitudinal translation of said pusher in said body,- said radial translation of the means (400) leading to the disengagement (means (400) in the «radial EXT» position, that is to say «released from said path»), the AR face of the pusher from the position (310) towards the position (320) further back, which allows the head (100) to expel its blocking means (200) and to disengage,- and the return means (350) returning after disengaging the pusher in position (310) which re-engages the wrench while returning the blocking means (400) to the « INT radial » position «engaged in said path», which blocks again the pusher (300) and the blocking means (200) of the head (100) in the «rigid» wrench position;- said actuator (500) including parts adapted to authorize or not the radial translational movement towards the INT or EXT of the blocking means (400) in and thanks to said adapted parts,- and being characterized in that said blocking means (400) are themselves authorized to move in radial translation by a translational movement and/or rotation (therefore translation, rotation or helical movement) of movable parts of the mechanical actuator (500) in cooperation with said translational movement of said pusher (300),- the movement of the parts of the mechanical actuator (500) being obtained by the action of a power source (600) itself driven by an electronics (700), itself driven by a tightening strain gauge (800) mounted on the head (100) and adapted and adjusted to send it a signal (S) when the set torque is reached.
- The mechanism for disengaging and re-engaging a torque wrench according to claim 1, for mounting in the body (900) of a torque wrench, and comprising:- a blocking/unblocking mechanism of a blocking means (200) of the head (100) for tightening the torque wrench relative to the body (900) of the wrench, generally a roller, said mechanism being characterized in that it includes:- an «actuator» represented globally by (500, 600),- (500) representing the mechanical actuator itself and- (600) representing a known power source, capable of, and suitable for, actuating the mechanical actuator (500),- a pusher (300) sliding along the longitudinal axis XX of the wrench, and being provided with a return means in longitudinal translation (350),- said head blocking means (200) being held in a suitable housing (LG) formed in the AR face of said head, in the rigid wrench position, by the AV face of said pusher,- and in that it includes- a disengagement system of the «actuator» type globally (500, 600),- which is itself characterized in that it includes- one or more movable means (400) for blocking said pusher in longitudinal translation along the longitudinal axis XX of the wrench at rest,- said means (400) being capable of and adapted to undergo a radial translation towards the INT or EXT,- said means (400) being capable of and adapted, in cooperation with the parts making up the mechanical actuator (500), to engage (if their radial movement is directed towards the INT) or disengage (if their radial movement is directed towards the EXT) the path> AR and return AV <in longitudinal translation of said pusher in said body,- and being characterized in that said actual mechanical actuator (500) includes movable parts adapted to authorize or not the radial translational movement towards the INT or EXT of the blocking means (400) in cooperation with said parts- said blocking means (400) are themselves blocked or released radially by translation and/or rotation (therefore translation, rotation or helical movement) of said adapted movable parts of the mechanical actuator (500) in cooperation with said translational movement of said pusher (300),- the movable parts of the actuator (500) and the blocking parts (400) being adapted so that the mechanical actuator (500) undergoes a translational, rotational or helical movement which authorize, or forms a cavity authorizing, a movement of radial translation towards the EXT of the blocking parts (400) of the pusher (300), to release the path of said pusher, which is adapted to then cooperate with said movable parts of the actuator (500) to undergo said translation towards the AR,- one of the movable parts of the actuator (500) being a movable outer sleeve cooperating with a fixed support for the sliding of the pusher, the sleeve, said support and said pusher being coaxial along the axis XX,- said blocking means (200) (roller) blocked by the pusher and its fixed support being adapted to then undergo a translation towards the AR along the same longitudinal axis XX as the pusher and in a fixed support also coaxial along the axis XX, this translation being adapted so that the blocking means (200) of the head (generally a roller) is ejected from its housing (LG) of the AR face of the head, under the pressure which the latter exerts on said means (200) via the walls of the housing (LG) and under the action of the force resulting from the applied tightening torque.
- The mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said means (400) are one or more balls, preferably two or three or 4 to 6 balls, preferably three balls.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said blocking means (400) are rollers or truncated cones transversely placed, preferably two or three such rollers or truncated cones, or 4 to 6, preferably three such rollers or truncated cones.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the balls or rollers or trunks or other types of movable blocking means (400) are distributed in a single transverse plane, or else distributed in transverse distinct planes.
- The mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that said distribution is angularly regular, for example distribution of three balls separated angularly by a circular arc of 120°.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said actuator includes a sleeve (F) coaxial with the body (900) and movable in translation and/or rotation (therefore in translation, rotation or helical movement towards the AV and the AR) cooperating with a pusher support coaxial both with the pusher and with said sleeve.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the movement of said blocking means (400) is generally directed towards the EXT to release the path of said pusher (300) or vice versa towards the INT to engage said path and re-engage the wrench.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said movement of the actuator (500) and in particular of said sleeve (F) is either an AV/AR translation or a radial translation towards the EXT or INT, or a combination (helical movement towards the EXT or INT).
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the return means (350) is a return spring according to the preferred embodiment.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it includes:- inside, and coaxial with the longitudinal axis XX, a central pusher (B) (300) of generally cylindrical shape, or possibly of octagonal or square or triangular section or the like, capable of sliding longitudinally in the body (F , 900) of the wrench,- which on the one hand undergoes at its AV end (40) the force (FS) transmitted by the head (not represented) to the roller (C) (200) for blocking the head and said pusher, with which it is in contact, the force (FS) resulting from the tightening torque applied, with transmission by the head, in a known manner,- which on the other hand includes a return spring (G, 350) of the pusher exerting on an AV portion(45) (and/or AR) of the pusher a return force contrary to said thrust;- outwardly and adjacent to the outer surface 50 of said pusher, a pusher support (A) fixedly mounted on the head of the wrench, concentric/coaxial with said pusher, support in which said pusher slides,- and on the outside of said pusher support a sleeve (F, 500) for concentric/coaxial blocking of the AR portion of said pusher and of said pusher support (A), sleeve (F) whose internal surface (60) is adjacent on the external surface (70) of said pusher support,- said blocking sleeve (F) being slidably mounted in translation movement towards the AV and AR)- all in relation to the longitudinal axis XX of the body of the wrench,- and/or movable in rotation (translational, rotational or helical- and in that,- said pusher includes a housing (L1) in its external surface (50), adapted to receive a so-called internal portion (E i) of a blocking ball (E, 400),- said pusher support (A) includes a housing (L2) passing through and adapted to receive the so-called middle portion (E m) of said ball,- and said blocking sleeve (F) includes in its internal surface (60) a housing (L3) adapted to receive the so-called outer portion (E e) of said ball,- this housing (L3) being offset in translation and/or in rotation with respect to said external portion of the ball when the wrench is in the so-called rigid wrench blocking position,- and this housing (L3) being positioned in coincidence with the external portion of said ball, by translation and/or rotation of said blocking sleeve relative to the pusher support, in the disengagement or «break» position- said ball being housed in the housings (L1) of the pusher and (L2) of the pusher support in the wrench blocking position, its occupation of the housing (L1) therefore preventing the pusher from moving in translation,- and said ball being housed in the housings (L2) and (L3) when said housing (L3) comes into coincidence with said housing (L2), by the fact that, under the thrust of the roller, and by the placing of the housings in coincidence (L3) and (L2), the pusher has driven said ball from the housing (L1), which authorizes the translation of the pusher and therefore the unblocking or disengagement or breaking of the wrench,- and in that said wrench further includes means (500), and (600) (power source, motor or cylinder), capable of acting in translation and/or in rotation on the AR of said blocking sleeve, in order to put the housings (L3) and (L2) in coincidence and therefore unblock the wrench,- said means (500, 600) being controlled by an electronics (700) itself activated by a signal (S) of «set torque reached» emitted by a strain gauge (800) mounted on the head of said wrench.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a motor (600) driven by electronics (700) (itself activated by said signal (S)) actuates an actuator of the tie-rods system type (500) (500 a and 500 b), the movement of the tie-rods (500 a and b) around the pivots (500 (c)) and (500 (d)) being adapted in kinematics, geometry and dimensions to cause a thrust from the AR to the AV of the blocking sleeve (F) (secured to the pivot (500 (d))) which brings the housing (L3) in coincidence with the housing L2, the force applied to the roller (C) by tightening and transmitted to the pusher, causing the latter to retreat, which drives the ball (E, 400) towards the housing (L3) and releases the path of the pusher towards the AR, which in turn authorizes the head (C) blocking roller to move back, which in turn allows the head to pivot freely around the pivot (3) (instant of disengagement or unlocking of the wrench).
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said means (500, 600) for acting on said blocking sleeve (F) includes means (600) (power source) of the electro-mechanical/hydraulic type motorized as a motor or a hydraulic or gas cylinder, and a means (500) (actual actuator) for transmitting the action of the means (600) to the actuator (500) by suitable mechanical means in kinematics, geometry and dimensions.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the activator (500, 600) causes a sliding movement (or translation) of the blocking sleeve (F) towards the AV, the pusher remaining fixed because, at the precise and very fleeting moment of activation, the force (FS) is always applied to the roller (C),- which brought the housing (L3) in coincidence with the housing (L2),- the force (FS) applied to the pusher via the head blocking roller (C) can then cause the pusher (B) to move back in translation or sliding, the latter in turn being able to displace or drive out the blocking means of the pusher (E, 400), in particular balls as described above, due to the fact that said means (E, 400) (in particular balls) is mounted free or «floating» in the housings L1 and L2 (and holding in face of L3) and is therefore not provided with any means of resistance to its displacement towards L3,- the means (E, 400) (in particular, balls) then simultaneously ceasing to engage the path of the pusher (B) which authorizes the sliding of the pusher towards the AR,- the head blocking roller (C) can therefore simultaneously move back under the action of the force (FS),- which allows the head to eject this roller (C) from its housing (LG) because the force (FS) is greater than the return force of the return means (H, 350) (in particular, a return spring),- the head, which is then no longer blocked by the roller (C), being able to pivot freely around the pivot (3),- this corresponding to the «disengagement» or «break».
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the dimensions, shapes and in general the geometries and kinematics of all the parts and housings involved in the kinematic processes occurring in said mechanisms are «adapted» so that these parts and housings can move and cooperate.
- The mechanism according to claim 15, characterized in that the position of the housing (L3) in the sleeve (F) will be determined by the amplitude of the movement towards the AV (MVT) of said sleeve under the action of the actuator (500, 600), said position and said amplitude being coordinated so that (L3) comes into coincidence above (L2).
- The mechanism according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the volume and the geometry of the housings (L1), (L2) and (L3) must be 1/ defined and 2/ coordinated so that the ball (400) (or more generally, the means for blocking the pusher (E)) can, in the rigid wrench position, be housed in L1+L2 without opposing the movement of either the pusher (B) or the sleeve (F) and, in the disengagement position, can be easily driven towards (L2) and (L3) and be housed entirely in (L2) and (L3) without being able to oppose the movement of the pusher (B) towards the AR.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the shape and dimensions of the means (E) for blocking the pusher should make it possible to ensure a housing successively in the housings L1+L2 then L2+L3, and easy displacement (in particular with the least possible friction with the parts) from one position to the other, then reverse movement on re-engagement.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the shape of the housing (L1) is designed to facilitate the displacement by the pusher of the means E (in particular balls) from its position L1+L2 to its position in L2+L3, then reverse movement to re-engagement.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that a preferred geometry for the housing (L1) corresponds to a double slope housing, relatively strong on the AR of the housing to facilitate the ejection of the mean (E) towards L2+L3, and less strong towards the AV of the housing, to facilitate easy gradual return of the means (E) towards (L1), this housing itself being adapted to the shape of the blocking means, here a ball.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the housings (L1), (L2) and (L3) must be adapted to receive, and hold with precision but without tightening, the means (E, 400) like balls.
- The mechanism according to claim 11 and according to any one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that the parts of the actuator (500, 600), in particular the dimensions, geometries and kinematics of the tie-rods (500 (a) and (b)) as well as the location of their pivots (500 (c) and (d)) will be adapted so that the amplitude and power of the movement (MVT) correspond to those of the other constituent parts of the «mechanism»;
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the return means (H, 350), in particular a return spring, must exert a resistance sufficiently less than the force (FS) so that the pusher can move back «Instantly», but sufficient to quickly return said pusher to position after the disengagement.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and 15 to 23, characterized in that it operates «with rotation» or else helical movement (of the sleeve (F)).
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the housing (L3) offset longitudinally is replaced by a housing (L4) angularly offset in the plane of the means (E, 400), for example balls (400).
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the housing formed in the internal surface of the sleeve (F) is a groove (L4) longitudinal and angularly offset with respect to the corresponding ball.
- The mechanism according to claim 26, characterized in that said groove (L4) either runs along the sleeve (the length of a generatrix) for greater ease of machining or else said groove is limited to a portion (L5) of the groove identically offset but whose length is limited to a length which is sufficient to receive the corresponding ball.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that the actuator rotates the sleeve (F), the longitudinal groove (L4) angularly offset, or the portion (L5) of the longitudinal groove offset angularly at level of the balls, will come into coincidence with the upper portion of the considered ball, the ball (400) is forced out by the pusher (B) towards the groove (L4) or the groove portion (L5), and releases the path of the pusher.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 24 to 28, characterized in that it operates in «helical mode» in which the sleeve and its housing (L3), (L4) or (L5) follow a helical movement towards the front under the action of the actuator (500, 600), the housing (L3) or (L4) or (L5) therefore being offset both in translation and in rotation as in the second mode.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 24 to 29, characterized in that the blocking sleeve (F) includes a longitudinal groove (L4) (which runs over an entire generatrix of the AR internal face of the sleeve)
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 24 to 30, characterized in that in the engaged position or rigid wrench, there is an angular offset ANG between the position (mark) of the ball housed in (L1) and (L2), and the groove (L4) and in that, in disengaging, the sleeve pivots by this same angular offset towards the considered ball, said ball will be forced out from (L1) by the translational movement of the pusher B and will be lodged in (L2) and (L4), thus completely freeing the pusher towards the AR, which allows the roller (C) to move back and the wrench to disengage.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that it includes an actuator acts on the sleeve (F) in rotation with using a motor (M) in direct drive by its axis (800) mechanically connected to the AR of the sleeve (F).
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that it includes an actuator acts on the sleeve (F) in a helical movement and the motor M acts on the sleeve by a threaded axis (820) connected mechanically on the AR face of the sleeve (F), the housing (L4) which may be a groove or a groove portion is offset with respect to a ball considered both angularly and towards the AR of the plane of the ball.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that it includes an actuator which acts on the sleeve (F) in a helical movement, with a motor (M) mounted in direct drive by an axis or shaft (800) in the sleeve (F) which is a «helical sleeve», including a module (L) in two parts including a diagonal through groove (830) which guides a pin (840), the pin forcing the sleeve (F) to follow a helical movement when it is rotated along the diagonal groove (830).
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that it includes an actuator which actuates the sleeve (F) in translation by a direct drive (820) which is a threaded axis or shaft mounted screwed into the sleeve (F), the support element (A) including an axis (840 (a)) which is housed in the AV face of said sleeve (F) in a suitable groove (840 (b)) which makes it possible to block the rotational movement of the sleeve and therefore to obtain a simple translational movement.
- The mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that it includes an inertia actuator comprising a motor (M) with mass or inertia weight (860) mounted on the motor shaft or axis (800), the sleeve (F) including a spike or through pin (870) facing the plane of said weight, said weight (860) striking said spike or pin (870) after rotation, inertia rotating the sleeve (F) of an angular displacement ANG putting the housing (L3) in coincidence with the considered ball.
- The Mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that it includes an actuator with a striker mechanism, where the motor (M) actuates an axis or shaft (800) which includes an angular gear (880) which engages a truncated pinion (890) mounted on a support (940), which truncated pinion drives a striker (920), one complete revolution of the motor allowing the striker (920) to be displaced towards the AR and to store energy by compression in the spring (930) mounted around the striker (920), which striker is no longer held when the revolution of the engine is completed, the spring then restores the energy to the blocking sleeve F and will displace it in simple translation.
- A torque wrench characterized in that it includes a mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 37.
- A use of a wrench according to claim 38 in the fields of aeronautics, automobile construction, the space industry, railways, and any industrial sector requiring extreme tightening precision.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1302115A FR3010341B1 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2013-09-10 | MECHANISM FOR LOCKING / UNLOCKING A ROLL IN A "ACTUATOR" TYPE OF TRIGGERING / LOCKING SYSTEM OF A DYNAMOMETRIC KEY, IN PARTICULAR WHICH ALLOWS LARGE BREAKING |
| PCT/IB2014/001450 WO2015036818A1 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2014-08-01 | Mechanism for locking/unlocking a torque wrench |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3043966A1 EP3043966A1 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| EP3043966B1 true EP3043966B1 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
Family
ID=49474490
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14767091.3A Active EP3043966B1 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2014-08-01 | Mechanism for locking/unlocking a torque wrench |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3043966B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2897641T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3010341B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015036818A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3056745B1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-11-16 | Sam Outillage | DYNANOMETRIC WRENCH WITH HYDRAULIC DAMPING, WITH OR WITHOUT ANGULAR LIMITATION STOP |
| DE102018100665A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | STAHLWILLE Eduard Wille GmbH & Co. KG | Trigger mechanism for a torque tool |
| DE102018100664A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | STAHLWILLE Eduard Wille GmbH & Co. KG | torque tool |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1301164A (en) | 1961-09-19 | 1962-08-10 | Gustavsbergs Fabriker Ab | Intermittent combustion fireplace |
| US5337638A (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1994-08-16 | Micro Motors, Inc. | Torque control ratchet wrench |
| DE19912837C2 (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2001-04-19 | Raimund Wilhelm | Torque wrench |
| US6119562A (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2000-09-19 | Jenkins; Bradley G. | Electromechanical releasing torque wrench |
| US6526853B2 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2003-03-04 | Bradley G. Jenkins | Electromechanical releasing torque wrench |
| DE102006013148A1 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-27 | Eduard Wille Gmbh & Co. Kg | Torque tool with power amplifier |
| DE102008004102A1 (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-23 | Hsuan-Sen Shiao | Electronic torque wrench, has CPU electrically connected with sensor and release unit for controlling and moving driven element into release position when applied torque measured by sensor is larger than preset torque value |
| JP5269684B2 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2013-08-21 | 株式会社東日製作所 | Torque Wrench |
-
2013
- 2013-09-10 FR FR1302115A patent/FR3010341B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-08-01 WO PCT/IB2014/001450 patent/WO2015036818A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-08-01 EP EP14767091.3A patent/EP3043966B1/en active Active
- 2014-08-01 ES ES14767091T patent/ES2897641T3/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3010341B1 (en) | 2015-10-02 |
| ES2897641T3 (en) | 2022-03-02 |
| WO2015036818A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
| EP3043966A1 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| FR3010341A1 (en) | 2015-03-13 |
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