EP3015012B1

EP3015012B1 - Roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products and a device for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products equipped with this roller

Info

Publication number: EP3015012B1
Application number: EP15190776.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jaroslav Beran; Jaroslav Kopal; Frantisek Kazda
Original assignee: Tonak AS; Technicka Univerzita v Liberci
Current assignee: Tonak AS; Technicka Univerzita v Liberci
Priority date: 2014-10-31
Filing date: 2015-10-21
Publication date: 2017-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-21
Also published as: CZ306426B6; EP3015012A1; HUE034692T2; PL3015012T3; CZ2014734A3

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products.
The invention also relates to a device for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products equipped with this roller.

Background art

Nowadays, in the production of felt products, especially headwear, made of, e.g., rabbit hair or wool fibers etc., it is usual to use for the final scraping of the hair on the surface of semi-finished products a roller coated with a strip of shark skin, as is known from US 2,626,732 . Its advantage is that due to the unique surface of the shark skin which contains spines of a specific shape and size spaced with appropriate density (approximately from 30 to 70 /cm²) in a suitable spatial arrangement (approximately in a chessboard pattern), a high-quality scraping of the hair with minimal losses in combing noils is achieved, whereby the combing noils which may be captured on the surface of the roller can be removed from it very easily.
However, its disadvantage is the fact that it requires killing animals of one specific species, which, in addition to being expensive, is also environmentally unfriendly and, to a certain extent, it can be also considered immoral.
US 217,079 discloses a machine for shaving hats which comprises a plurality of knives on a revolving drum.
The aim of the invention is therefore to propose a roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, which would eliminate the disadvantages of the background art by creating the roller as a machining product which would, however, imitate as accurately as possible the effect of the shark skin on a felt semi-finished product and thus it would achieve the same or at least comparable quality of scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products.

Principle of the invention

The goal of the invention is achieved by a roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, which contains a basic cylindrical body, whose principle consists in that on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body lamellas are mounted inclined to or perpendicularly to its surface, each lamella being provided on its outer side with scraping teeth with heads. So as to imitate the effect of the shark skin with maximum accuracy possible, the heads of the scraping teeth of each lamella are shifted in the direction of the axis of the basic cylindrical body to the space between the heads of the scraping teeth of adjacent lamellas, and the heads of mutually closest scraping teeth of at least three successive lamellas are arranged outside a helix. Thus, the scraping teeth are arranged approximately in a chessboard pattern, due to which using this roller results in high-quality scraping of hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, which is comparable to scraping of hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products by a strip of shark skin.
In addition, it is most advantageous if the heads of the scraping teeth of each following lamella are shifted in the direction of the axis of the basic cylindrical body to the middle part of the space between the heads of the scraping teeth of the lamella, or directly into their geometric center.
The lamellas are mounted on the outer surface of the basic cylindrical body of the roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products perpendicularly towards this surface or inclined thereto at an angle of 45° to 65° towards the tangent at the point of the mounting.
Depending on the thickness of the individual lamellas, these lamellas are mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body with a pitch of 1.3 to 2.5 mm, whereby on some of its parts they can be mounted with different pitches, or they can be completely omitted.
Currently, the most advantageous variant of embodiment of a roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the invention appears to be a variant in which the pitch between the heads of scraping teeth arranged next to each other ranges from 1 to 2 mm, the apex angle of the scraping teeth is from 15° to 60° and the height of the scraping teeth, or, to be more specific, the height of the scraping teeth protruding above the outer surface of the roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products is in the range from 0.3 to 2.5 mm.
In order to prevent excessive penetration of the scraping teeth into the semi-finished product being scraped and its possible damaging, the heads of the scraping teeth are partially ground off into the shape of a cylindrical area with a center on the axis of the basic cylindrical body of the roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, while the radius of the cylindrical area is in the range from the highest and the lowest portion of the head of the scraping tooth.
The aim of the invention is further achieved by a device for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products equipped with this roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products.

Description of drawings

In the enclosed drawings, Fig. 1 schematically represents a cross-section of a roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a detail of the mounting of the lamellas on the surface of the roller, Fig. 3 shows a detail of one lamella, Fig. 4 illustrates a detail of the scraping teeth of a lamella, and Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a part of two adjacent lamellas.

Specific description

The roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the invention will be described with regard to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, which schematically represent one of the advantageous alternatives of its embodiment. In other unillustrated variants of embodiment, this roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, or one of its components is further modified by a number of various methods, which are, however, apparent to a person skilled in the art from the illustrated variant and the description below, and therefore not all of them will be explicitly described hereinafter.
The roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products contains a basic cylindrical body 10 , on whose outer circumference are uniformly spaced grooves 2 . In the illustrated variant of embodiment, these grooves 2 are parallel with the axis 11 of the basic cylindrical body 10 of the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products and are inclined towards its surface, or, to be more specific, towards the tangent at the point of the groove 2 . In an unillustrated variant of embodiment, however, all the grooves 2 , or at least some of them, may be arranged perpendicularly to the surface of the basic cylindrical body 10 , or, to be more specific, to the tangent at the point of the groove 2. In these grooves 2 are then mounted lamellas 20 , which are provided on their outer side 21 , which protrudes above the surface of the basic cylindrical body 10 , with scraping teeth 22 with heads 23 , arranged next to each other, whereby these lamellas 20 are according to the arrangement of the grooves 2 arranged inclined to or perpendicular to the outer surface of the basic cylindrical body 10 of the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products. The heads 23 of the scraping teeth 22 are preferably, although not necessarily, partially ground off into the shape of a cylindrical surface 230 with a center on the axis 11 of the basic cylindrical body 10 , whereby the radius of the cylindrical surface is in the range between the highest and lowest portion of the head 23 of the scraping tooth 22 (see Fig. 2). This grinding off, or, to be more specific, the small areas created by it on the heads 23 of the scraping teeth 22 then prevents/prevent the scraping teeth 22 during scraping, when the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products rotates in the direction indicated in Fig. 2 by arrow A , from penetrating too deeply into an unillustrated semi-finished product being scraped and from damaging it mechanically, since these small areas lean against the surface of the semi-finished product being scraped and do not allow the scraping teeth 22 to penetrate into its structure more deeply than is required.
Nevertheless, the most significant feature of the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the invention is the fact that the heads 23 of the scraping teeth 22 of each lamella 20 are shifted in the direction of the axis 11 of the basic cylindrical body 10 to the space between the heads 23 of the scraping teeth 22 of the adjacent lamellas 20, and the heads 23 of mutually closest scraping teeth 22 of at least three lamellas 20 following one another are arranged outside a helix - see Fig. 5. Moreover, the greatest advantage is the fact that the heads 23 of the scraping teeth 22 of each following lamella 20 are shifted in the direction of the axis 11 of the basic cylindrical body 10 to the middle part of the space between the heads 23 of the scraping teeth 22 of the preceding lamella 20 , or to the geometric center of this space. Thanks to this arrangement, the heads 23 of the scraping teeth 22 are mounted substantially in a chessboard pattern, and so they copy the spacing of the teeth, or, to be precise, the spines on the surface of the shark skin very accurately. As experimentally verified when using this roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the invention, the achieved quality of scraping is comparable to using the shark skin, without excessive combing noils or without forming undesirable grooves on the surface of the semi-finished product.
The lamellas 20 are mounted on the outer surface of the basic cylindrical body 10 of the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products preferably at an angle α , whose size is from 45° to 65°, to the tangent at the point of the mounting (see Fig. 2), whereby lower values are favorable for smoother, less intense and more gentle scraping; on the other hand, higher values are favorable for rougher, more intense scraping. In unillustrated variants of embodiments, however, the size of the angle α to the tangent at the point of the mounting may be also different, e.g. even 90°. In addition, some lamellas 20 may be mounted according to the requirements on the outer surface of the basic cylindrical body 10 at a different angle α to the tangent at the point of their mounting, than the other lamellas 20 , or, if necessary, some lamellas 20 may be mounted at any angle α , while others are mounted at a different angle α , or perpendicularly to the surface.
Preferably, all the lamellas 20 are mounted uniformly on the entire outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body 10 of the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products with a pitch S (see Fig. 2), whose size is preferably in the range from 1.3 mm to 2.5 mm, depending on the width of the lamellas 2 . Lower values of the pitch S are advantageous for lower height of the scraping teeth 22 and for smoother scraping, whereas higher values of the pitch S are favorable for greater height of the scraping teeth 22 intended for pre-scraping. In an unillustrated variant of embodiment, the lamellas 20 on a part of the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body 10 of the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products can be mounted with a different pitch S than on the remaining parts/parts of its circumference, or, in case of need, they can be completely omitted on a part of its circumference.
In unillustrated variants of embodiments, the lamellas 20 can be mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body 10 obliquely with respect to its axis 11 (in respectively oriented grooves 2 ), whereby they form an acute angle with it, and/or in such a manner that only their scraping teeth 22 protrude from the grooves 2 by their full height or a part of it.
It is the size and shape of the scraping teeth 22 that influences the quality of scraping the most. According to the properties of the particular semi-finished product, it is advantageous to select the height v of the scraping teeth 22 , or, to be more specific, the height of the scraping teeth 22 protruding above the outer surface of the roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products ranging in size from 0.3 to 2.5 mm, and their apex angle β being in the range from 15° to 60° (see Fig. 4). The pitch t between the heads 23 of the scraping teeth 22 of one lamella 20 , which are arranged next to each other, are then selected preferably approximately in the range from 1 mm to 2 mm. In unillustrated variants of embodiments, however, any of these parameters can be selected differently, according to the requirements, or according to the parameters of the semi-finished product being scraped and/or according to the requirements for the extent of scraping its hair on its surface. In general, it applies that lower values are favorable for final scraping, whereas higher values are favorable for pre-scraping.
In order to enable repair and replacement of the lamellas 20 with lamellas 20 of a different size and/or arrangement of the scraping teeth 22, it is advantageous if the individual lamellas 20 are mounted displaceably on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body 10 of the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products. In the variant shown in Fig. 1, this mounting is realized by two flanges 3 connected displaceably to the faces of the basic cylindrical body 10 of the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products and a shape coupling 31 formed in these flanges 3 and at both ends of each lamella 20 . However, in other unillustrated variants of embodiment, the mounting of the lamellas 20 can be realized by another known method, or by the shape coupling 31 of a different shape and/or arrangement than the one illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3.
Due to its construction, the roller 1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the invention is embedded in the existing device for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products without having to make any modifications or adaptations.

Claims

A roller (1) for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, which contains a basic cylindrical body (10), characterized in that lamellas (20) are mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body (10) inclined to or perpendicular to its surface, parallel with its axis or obliquely to it, the lamellas (20) being on their outer side provided with scraping teeth (22) with heads (23), whereby the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of each lamella (20) are shifted in the direction of the axis (11) of the basic cylindrical body (10) to the space between the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of adjacent lamellas (20), and the heads (23) of mutually closest scraping teeth (22) of each group of three lamellas (20) following one another are arranged outside a helix.
The roller (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of each following lamella (20) are shifted in the direction of the axis (11) of the basic cylindrical body (10) to the middle part of the space between the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of the preceding lamella (20).
The roller (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of each following lamella (20) are shifted to the geometric center of the space between the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of the preceding lamella (20).
The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the lamellas (20) are mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body (10) inclined to its surface by an angle (α) of 45° to 65° to the tangent at the point of mounting.
The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that the lamellas (20) are mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body (10) with a pitch (S) ranging in size from 1.3 to 2.5 mm.
The roller (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pitch (t) between the heads (23) of next to each other arranged scraping teeth (22) of the lamella (20) is in the range from 1 mm to 2 mm.
The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, 6, characterized in that the apex angle (β) of the scraping teeth (22) arranged on the lamella (20) ranges from 15° to 60°.
The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, characterized in that the height (v) of the scraping teeth (22), or, to be more specific, the height of the scraping teeth (22) protruding above the outer surface of the basic cylindrical body (10) of the roller (1) for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products ranges from 0.3 to 2.5 mm.
The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, 6, characterized in that the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) are partially ground off into the shape of a cylindrical area (230) with its center on the axis (11) of the basic cylindrical body (10) of the roller (1) for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, the cylindrical area having a radius in the range from the highest and the lowest portion of the head (23) of the scraping tooth (22).
A device for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products equipped with the roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to any of the preceding Claims.