EP3006091A1 - Fire-protection or smoke-protection device - Google Patents
Fire-protection or smoke-protection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3006091A1 EP3006091A1 EP15188957.3A EP15188957A EP3006091A1 EP 3006091 A1 EP3006091 A1 EP 3006091A1 EP 15188957 A EP15188957 A EP 15188957A EP 3006091 A1 EP3006091 A1 EP 3006091A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- baseboard
- protection device
- smoke protection
- locking device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000743 fusible alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
- A62C2/10—Fire-proof curtains
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fire or smoke protection device with (a) a protective element for closing a building opening, which has a bottom, and (b) a baseboard connected to the protective element.
- Such fire or smoke protection devices for example, from the WO 2013/171 442 A2 are known, for example, to be able to separate two fire sections of a building from each other and to prevent a fire can spread over at least for a predetermined time of one fire section on the other fire section. Fire or smoke protection devices may also be configured to prevent the passage of smoke through the building opening.
- a modular protection element comprises a plurality of vertically extending tracks or segments which are at least partially not connected to each other.
- a modular protective element can therefore not transmit in the horizontal direction over the entire protective element acting force and build up no voltage.
- the force applied to lateral guide elements therefore does not or hardly depends on the width of the protective element.
- Guide elements must absorb the forces vertically on the baseboard and, if present, the winding shaft.
- a fire protection device which is gas pressure operated and serves to quickly protect people, vehicles and buildings in wildfire.
- a fire protection device is known in which two fire protection elements are arranged one behind the other. The conclusion to the ground is made by the weight of the baseboard.
- the invention has for its object to improve the capacity of a fire or smoke protection device with a wide protective element.
- the invention solves the problem by a generic fire or smoke protection device, the skirting board is designed for magnetic and / or positive connection with the ground.
- An advantage of such a fire or smoke protection device is that the protective element can absorb a large voltage in the vertical direction. If a pressure difference exists between the two parts of the building, which are separated by the protective element, this leads to a tension in the protective element. The greater the force with which the baseboard is held on the ground, the greater this tension can become. Dissolves the connection between the skirting board and the floor, so hot gases and / or flames can overturn from the fire side of the protective element on the side facing away from the fire, which is unacceptable.
- the baseboard With strong permanent magnets that create a large holding force with the baseboard is fixed to the ground.
- the permanent magnets may be formed to bring the baseboard to its correct position, so that a locking device can be actuated.
- the baseboard then at least one permanent magnet, which is arranged for bringing the baseboard in a position in which by pressing the Locking device, the bottom element is positively connected to the baseboard.
- the protective element is understood to be a planar element which is fire-retardant and / or smoke-inhibiting.
- the protective element is constructed of fire protection textile.
- the fire protection textile may comprise, for example, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric and / or a scrim.
- a fire protection textile is understood to mean in particular a fabric, scrim or knit which is non-flammable and withstands temperature stresses for a sufficient time to allow the passage of flames and / or smoke, in particular for at least 30 minutes in accordance with DIN EN 13501-2 and 3 and / or DIN EN 12101-1, withstand.
- An advantage of the use of fire protection textiles is the low production costs.
- the fire or smoke protection device is preferably designed such that the protective element withstands the above-mentioned temperature load for the specified time even if a pressure difference between both sides of the protective element at its upper end is 20 Pascal, preferably 50 Pascal.
- the protective element in addition to the fire-resistant textile has other components, such as endothermic active material that reacts physically or chemically when exposed to heat or heat absorption, for example by the crystal water splits off and / or evaporates or otherwise releases bound water.
- the protective element can also contain stiffening elements, for example stiffening slats. If the protective element is fire-retardant, it could also be called a fire-resistant element.
- the fire or smoke protection device has lateral guides which are firmly connected to the surrounding building and by means of which the protective element is guided laterally. If the protective element has segments, then only the lateral segments are guided on a respective guide.
- the baseboard is designed for non-positive or positive connection with the ground, is understood in particular that the baseboard is formed so that it forms a magnetic and / or positive connection with the ground without external power supply.
- the baseboard is configured to connect to the floor so that a holding force acting upward and necessary to release the baseboard from the floor is at least 100, preferably at least 200, Newton per meter of the length of the baseboard.
- the skirting board would have a mass of about 10 kilograms per meter of length of the skirting board to produce an equal force.
- the protective element in a protective arrangement in which the protective element of a propagation of smoke and / or fire through the building opening counteracts, and in a bearing assembly, in which the opening is unlocked, can be brought.
- a width of the protective element is at least 2, in particular 5 meters, preferably at least 7 meters.
- a width of the protective element is at least 2, in particular 5 meters, preferably at least 7 meters.
- the baseboard is preferably formed so that the magnetic force acts in the vertical direction.
- a lower side of the baseboard and the floor preferably run parallel to one another and move in the normal direction towards each other.
- the baseboard is also designed for non-positive connection to the floor.
- the baseboard or the floor element may have a, in particular non-positively acting, locking device.
- the protective element comprises at least two segments, in particular at least three segments, in particular a plurality of segments, which are not connected or at least so over at least a third of the height of the protective element, that a force transmission is suppressed in a horizontal direction between adjacent segments force.
- a force transmission is suppressed in a horizontal direction between adjacent segments force.
- the individual segments are arranged side by side at least over one third, in particular at least two-thirds, of the height of the building opening which is closed by the protective element.
- adjacent segments are connected to each other by means of a thermally unstable connection.
- This thermally unstable compound dissolves in case of fire. This has the advantage that in normal operation, the segments are fixed relative to each other. In case of fire, however, this compound dissolves.
- a releasable connection can be made for example by a seam with thermally unstable suture or thermally unstable rivets.
- the baseboard comprises two or more partial baseboards.
- Each partial baseboard is attached to exactly one segment. It is advantageous if the partial baseboards are connected to each other, for example, positively and / or magnetically.
- the fire or smoke protection device comprises (i) at least one permanent magnet attached to the baseboard, (ii) at least one bottom element connected to the ground and a ferromagnetic, non-magnetized reluctance element and / or at least one permanent magnet element with respect to the permanent magnet of opposite polarity and / or (iii) a coil for generating a magnetic field attracting the permanent magnet for connecting the skirting board to the floor element.
- Under the bottom element is a component understood that is designed to be firmly connected to the ground or ground.
- a reluctance element is that it is not magnetic itself, so it does not attract ferromagnetic objects lying on the ground. However, the reluctance element is attracted to the permanent magnet, resulting in a strong magnetic force between the baseboard and the floor element.
- the floor element is both part of the fire or smoke protection device as well as the floor.
- the fire or smoke protection device comprises a Abletteskrafter Weger for generating a detachment force, which counteracts a holding force that holds the baseboard at the bottom.
- the separation force generator is designed such that it generates a detachment force that corresponds to at least half of the holding force.
- the release force generator includes an electromagnet that cooperates with a counter-magnet, such as a counter-permanent magnet, which may be the permanent magnet of the baseboard, to create a repulsive force between the floor member and the baseboard.
- a counter-magnet such as a counter-permanent magnet, which may be the permanent magnet of the baseboard.
- the detaching force generator may alternatively or additionally comprise an electric motor which cooperates, for example, with a spindle and moves a plunger. This plunger acts on the baseboard and pushes it away from the floor element.
- an electric motor comparatively low power is sufficient to separate the skirting from the floor element.
- the fire or smoke protection device comprises intumescent material which is arranged to form an insulating layer which thermally insulates the permanent magnet in case of fire.
- a magnet possesses a Curie temperature above which it loses its ferromagnetic property.
- the intumescent material is arranged to shield the permanent magnet from the fire heat in the event of a fire, thus preventing or at least delaying the overwriting of the Curie temperature.
- the intumescent material may, for example, cover the permanent magnet. In case of fire, the intumescent material shields the heat radiation, which also leads to swelling of the intumescent material and thus delays the heating of the permanent magnet.
- the fire or smoke protection device comprises a shielding element which contains above a activation temperature water vapor emitting material and which is arranged to shield the permanent magnet in case of fire, wherein the activation temperature is smaller than the Curie temperature of the permanent magnet.
- the water vapor releasing material may be, for example, gypsum, sodium silicate, a hydrous superabsorbent or water itself. Due to the high heat of vaporization, the temperature at the permanent magnet increases only slowly due to the shielding element, so that the connection between the skirting board and the floor is long lasting.
- the fire or smoke protection device comprises a locking device, which is designed for positive connection of the floor element with the baseboard.
- the locking device is preferably thermally activated. This means that the locking device is in an inactive position at normal temperature, for example below 100 ° C., in which it does not connect the floor element and skirting board, and that exceeding a triggering temperature which is for example between 150 ° C. and 240 ° C., causes the locking device comes into an active position in which the locking device connects the bottom element and the skirting form fit.
- the fire or smoke protection device comprises a retaining element which brings the locking device in case of fire from the inactive position to the active position.
- the locking device comprises a pin, which may have an undercut, and a receptacle for the pin.
- the locking device is part of the baseboard and / or the floor element.
- the locking device is self-centering.
- a positional deviation of the skirting of the ideal position leads to a force that pushes the baseboard in the correct position.
- the retaining element may comprise, for example, low-melting solder or intumescent material, which are each arranged so that when a critical temperature, such as the melting temperature of the solder or the activation temperature of the intumescent material, the retaining element loses its retaining effect and the locking device in the active position comes.
- the critical temperature is then the triggering temperature. Due to the resulting positive connection between the floor element and the baseboard, the baseboard is firmly fixed relative to the building and can also accommodate large loads.
- the locking device has a locking element that allows it to move away from the floor element in the inactive position of the skirting board and that in an active position connects the foot strip to the floor element in a form-fitting manner.
- the locking device may have a, in particular intumescent, material that expands so much when the triggering temperature is exceeded that it moves the locking element into the active position, in which the baseboard and the floor element are positively connected with each other.
- the locking device has a locking element with undercut has, which is preferably connected to the baseboard having, wherein the bottom member has an undercut and wherein the locking element and the bottom element can cooperate positively.
- the bottom element and the locking element are shaped so that the baseboard then and only when it shows due to a fire, a thermally or by a pressure difference-related deflection cooperates positively with the bottom element.
- a temperature gradient forms between the fire side and the side away from the fire. The temperature gradient leads to a deflection of the baseboard.
- a negative pressure which also bends the baseboard on the fire side.
- the bottom element is designed so that the foot strip, in particular the locking element, engages behind the undercut when it is bent due to the temperature gradient. Normally, if there is no temperature gradient, the baseboard does not bend through and thus does not reach behind the undercut. This ensures that the baseboard is then and only then positively connected to the ground when the skirting board is bent due to fire.
- the locking device has a drive for moving the locking element. It is advantageous if the fire or smoke protection device has an emergency power supply to ensure that the drive works even if at the same time the power fails in case of fire.
- the locking device has at least one pivotally mounted arm, which is movable by means of the drive and fixes the baseboard in a form-fitting manner relative to the floor element.
- a pair on arms that are antagonistic to each other by the drive is particularly favorable. This ensures that the baseboard is securely fastened securely even if it is not perfectly positioned.
- the locking device is biased in its inactive position in which it does not form fit relative to the bottom element, the foot bar is fixed to the active position in which the locking device fixes the skirting form-fitting relative to the bottom element.
- the drive is arranged to release a retaining device, for example a bolt, which holds the locking device in the inactive position. Due to the bias, which is exerted for example by a biasing device, the locking device comes without supplying additional external energy in its active position. To bring the locking device from its active position to the inactive position, the drive is used.
- the locking device is biased in its active position to the inactive position.
- the drive is arranged for driving the locking device in the active position. Due to the bias, which is applied for example by a biasing device, the return can be done in the inactive position without external drive.
- the drive is arranged for closing and for opening the locking device.
- the drive then preferably has an emergency power supply unit.
- the locking device (i) is in an active position in which the locking device fixes the baseboard positively relative to the bottom element, (ii) in a guide position in which it does not form-fit fixes the baseboard relative to the bottom element and the baseboard in brings a position in which it is fixable by means of the locking device, but not fixed, and (iii) in an inactive position in which it does not fix the baseboard and which is not a guide position, brought.
- the locking device In the inactive position, the locking device is arranged so that it does not protrude into the building opening.
- the baseboard preferably has at least one permanent magnet and the bottom has a bottom element which has a ferromagnetic, non-magnetized reluctance element and / or at least one permanent magnet element with opposite polarity with respect to the permanent magnet for connecting the baseboard to the ground.
- the fire or smoke protection device in this case preferably has two lateral guides, which are firmly connected to the building.
- the baseboard is, when it is positively connected to the ground, with respect to all degrees of freedom of movement firmly connected to the ground.
- FIG. 1 shows a fire or smoke protection device 10 according to the invention, which is mounted in a building opening 12 of a building 14 according to the invention.
- the fire or smoke protection device 10 comprises a protective element 16 made of a fire protection textile, which is arranged on a winding shaft 18 wound up.
- the winding shaft 18 is rotatably driven by a motor 20, which, which is a preferred embodiment, is designed as a tubular motor.
- a motor 20 By means of the motor 20, the protective element 16 can be brought into a storage position in which the protective element 16 is wound onto the winding shaft 18.
- a baseboard 22 In this case, a baseboard 22 is in an upper position.
- the protective element 16 can also be brought to a closed position in which it 16 closes the building opening 12.
- the baseboard 22 is then on a floor 24.
- the bottom 24 is flat and also runs horizontally in the present case.
- the protective element 16 thus separates a first building section, which in FIG. 1 above the plane of the paper, from a second section of the building, which is below the plane of the paper.
- FIG. 1 shows that the protective element 16 is composed of a first segment 26.1, a second segment 26.2 and a third segment 26.3.
- the segments overlap each other as indicated by the dotted lines is.
- the segments 26.1, 26.2, 26.3 are connected to each other by sutures 28.1, 28.2 from heat-resistant non-resistant suture.
- the segments 26 may also be arranged unconnected next to one another.
- all segments 26 are wound on exactly one winding shaft 18.
- two or more winding shafts exist, wherein at least two segments are wound on different winding shafts.
- each segment has its own winding shaft.
- These winding shafts can be used together or individually, d. H. each with its own engine, be driven.
- the baseboard 22 is composed of several, in the present case of three partial baseboards 30.1, 30.2, 30.3.
- the first segment 26.1 is connected to the first partial baseboard 30.1, the second segment 26.2 to the second partial baseboard 30.2 and the third segment 26.3 to the third partial baseboard 30.3.
- lateral guides 32.1, 32.2, on which the marginal segments 26.1, 26.3 are guided are shown schematically.
- the guides 32 are dispensable and according to a preferred embodiment, the fire or smoke protection device 10 has no lateral guides.
- the building opening 12 has a clear width, which corresponds to a width B of the protective element 16 and which is preferably greater than 5 meters, for example, greater than 7 meters.
- a height H of the protective element 16 corresponds to the path that the baseboard 22 covers when moving the protective element 16 from the bearing assembly in the protective device.
- FIG. 2 shows in the figure 2a a cross section through the baseboard 22.
- the baseboard 22 includes a locking device 34 which includes a pin 36 and a receptacle 38 for the pin 36.
- the locking device 34 is, which is generally a preferred embodiment of the invention, self-centering. This is to be understood that a positional deviation of the skirting 22 leads from the ideal position to that between the pin 36 and the receptacle 38, a force is created, which presses the baseboard 22 in the correct position. In the present case, the pin tapers conically downwards. It can be seen that the receptacle 38 is formed on a bottom element 40, which is firmly embedded in the ground.
- FIG. 2a also shows a retaining element 42, which is formed in the present case by a pin made of a low-melting alloy.
- the melting point of the retaining element 42 is for example 72 ° C and is made of fused solder.
- the retaining element 42 is designed as an actuator, for example as a motor or solenoid with coil, so that the locking device are brought into its active position by, for example, electrical, actuating the actuator. If the locking device, for example during a test run, has been brought into its active position, then it can be returned to its inactive position, for example by a drive. The retaining element 42 is then activated again and holds the locking device in the inactive Position.
- an actuator for example as a motor or solenoid with coil
- the locking device 34 has a locking element 44 (see. Figure 2c ), which is held by means of the retaining element 42 in the normal case in a position, namely an inactive position, which allows the pin 36 to leave the receptacle 38.
- FIG. 2b shows the case of fire, in which the retaining element 42 has melted.
- a spring 46, the locking member 44 in the in FIG. 2b has biased shown locking position, the locking member 44 has moved so that the pin 36, the receptacle 38 can not leave.
- the locking element 44 is then in its active position.
- FIG. 3 shows in the partial figure 3a a cross section through a baseboard 22 for another embodiment of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention.
- the locking device 34 comprises a locking element 36, which has an undercut 48.
- the bottom member 40 also has an undercut 50. In the normal case, so if there is no fire, the two undercuts 48, 50 are disengaged. It is therefore possible to move the baseboard 22 upwards out of the floor element 40.
- FIG. 3b shows the case of fire in which the baseboard 22 has bent.
- the two undercuts 48, 50 form a positive connection.
- the baseboard 22 is positively connected to the bottom member 40 so that the baseboard 22 can not be removed from the bottom member 40.
- Figure 3c shows a plan view of the bottom element 40 according to the view AA FIG. 3b ,
- the bottom member 40 has a recess tapering at two opposite sides to a slot. If the pin 36 moves into the slot, because the skirting bends under the heat of the fire, it is positively locking captured.
- FIG. 4a shows a cross section through a baseboard 22 according to another embodiment of a fire or smoke protection device 10.
- the baseboard 22 includes a permanent magnet 52.
- the bottom member 40 has a coil 54 for generating the permanent magnet 52 attracting magnetic field, so that a holding force F stop arises that pulls the baseboard 22 to the ground. In this way, the baseboard 22 can be pulled onto the floor 24 too.
- a switchable current source for energizing the coil 54. If the coil 54 is energized in the opposite direction of current, it acts as a separation force generator, which generates a detachment force F ab . It is also possible that a coil is attached to the baseboard 22.
- FIG. 4b shows an alternative embodiment in which the coil 54 is attached to the baseboard 22 and the bottom member 40 comprises a permanent magnet 52.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section through another skirt 22 of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention, in which the bottom member 40 has a permanent magnet element 56, the polarity of the polarity of the permanent magnet 52 is opposite.
- the bottom element 40 also has the coil 54, with which a magnetic field can be generated, which is of opposite polarity with respect to the permanent magnet element 56. The holding force with which the baseboard 22 is held can thus be reduced by energizing the coil 54.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross section through a baseboard 22, the intumescent material 58 includes. This forms a shell around the permanent magnet 52 and thus protects it from the fire heat, so that its Curie temperature Tc is not exceeded or only very late.
- the fire or smoke protection device according to FIG. 6 also includes a shielding element 60, in the present case in the form of gypsum granules.
- the shielding element 60 discharges water vapor when it exceeds an activation temperature, in the present case about 260 °, and thus prevents a rapid heating of the permanent magnet 52 to a temperature above its Curie temperature Tc.
- the permanent magnet element 56 is surrounded by an insulation 62 or a cooling device 62.
- the insulation may be formed for example by mineral wool, rock wool or the like.
- the cooling device may be designed such that it releases water vapor above an activation temperature and thus prevent or delay an exceeding of the Curie temperature Tc in the permanent magnet element 56.
- FIG. 7 shows a further cross section through a baseboard 22 of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention, in which the locking device 34 has two locking elements 64.1, 64.2, which are pivotable by means of a drive 66.
- the locking elements 64.1, 64.2 lock the baseboard 22.
- the locking elements 64.1, 64.2 which could also be referred to as arms, are received in slots in the floor element 40.
- the drive 66 is covered at least for the most part. There remain no appreciably large, open holes in the ground to guide the end strip, pack and lock form-fitting. It is advantageous that the activated states include the end strip and can lead to the desired end position.
- the drive 66 may include an electric motor and optionally a transmission. Alternatively or additionally, the drive 66 may be a pneumatic drive.
- FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the locking device 34 has a locking element 44 and intumescent material 42, which acts as a retaining element.
- the intumescent material 42 is compact, such as FIG. 8a shows. If a triggering temperature T out is exceeded, the intumescent material expands and pushes the locking element into its active position. The baseboard 22 is then positively connected to the bottom member 40.
- Fire or smoke protection device 58 intumescent material 12 building opening 14 building 60 shielding 16 protection element 62 insulation 18 winding shaft 64 locking 66 drive 20 engine 22 baseboard B width 24 ground F force 26 segment tc Curie temperature 28 seam 30 Part-footer 32 guides 34 locking device 36 spigot 38 admission 40 floor element 42 Retaining element 44 locking element 46 feather 48 undercut 50 undercut 52 permanent magnet 54 Kitchen sink 56 Permanent magnet member
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung mit einem Schutzelement (16) zum Verschließen einer Gebäudeöffnung (12), die einen Boden (24) aufweist, und einer mit dem Schutzelement (16) verbundenen Fußleiste (22). Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Fußleiste (22) zum magnetischen und/oder formschlüssigen Verbinden mit dem Boden (24) ausgebildet ist und das Schutzelement (16) zumindest zwei Segmente (26.1, 26.2, 26.3) aufweist, die zumindest über ein Drittel der Höhe (H) des Schutzelements (16) nicht verbunden oder so verbunden sind, dass eine Kraftübertragung einer in horizontaler Richtung wirkenden Kraft (F) zwischen benachbarten Segmenten (26.1, 26.2) im Brandfall unterdrückt ist.The invention relates to a fire or smoke protection device with a protective element (16) for closing a building opening (12), which has a bottom (24), and connected to the protective element (16) skirting (22). According to the invention, the foot strip (22) is designed for magnetic and / or positive connection to the floor (24) and the protective element (16) has at least two segments (26.1, 26.2, 26.3) which are at least over one third of the height (H) of the protective element (16) are not connected or connected so that a force transmission of a horizontally acting force (F) between adjacent segments (26.1, 26.2) is suppressed in case of fire.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung mit (a) einem Schutzelement zum Verschließen einer Gebäudeöffnung, die einen Boden aufweist, und (b) einer mit dem Schutzelement verbundenen Fußleiste.The invention relates to a fire or smoke protection device with (a) a protective element for closing a building opening, which has a bottom, and (b) a baseboard connected to the protective element.
Derartige Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtungen, die beispielsweise aus der
Aus architektonischer Sicht ist es häufig wünschenswert, möglichst breite Gebäudeöffnungen vorzusehen, die nicht von Säulen oder Führungen für Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung unterbrochen sind. Derartige breite Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtungen bringen spezifische Probleme mit sich. So existiert bislang keine Testvorrichtung, mittels der Brandschutzvorhänge mit einer Breite von mehr als 4 Meter auf ihre Dauerbrandfestigkeit geprüft werden können. Bei der Auslegung von sehr breiten Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtungen ist man daher auf Modellrechnungen angewiesen.From an architectural point of view, it is often desirable to provide the widest possible building openings that are not interrupted by pillars or guides for fire or smoke protection device. Such wide fire or smoke protection devices involve specific problems. So far there is no test device by means of which fire curtains with a width of more than 4 meters can be tested for durability. In the design of very wide fire or smoke protection devices is therefore dependent on model calculations.
Derartige Modellrechnungen zeigen, dass Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorhänge, deren Schutzelement ununterbrochen ausgeführt ist, an ihren seitlichen Führungselementen eine umso größere Haltekraft benötigen, je breiter die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung ist.Such model calculations show that fire or smoke curtains, whose protective element is designed to be continuous, require an even greater holding force on their lateral guide elements, the broader the fire protection or smoke protection device.
Es existieren zudem Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtungen mit einem modularen Schutzelement. Ein derartiges modulares Schutzelement umfasst mehrere vertikal verlaufende Bahnen oder Segmente, die zumindest teilweise nicht miteinander verbunden sind. Ein modular aufgebautes Schutzelement kann daher in horizontaler Richtung keine über das ganze Schutzelement wirkende Kraft übertragen und keine Spannung aufbauen. Die Kraft, die an seitlichen Führungselementen anliegt, hängt daher nicht oder kaum von der Breite des Schutzelements ab. Führungselementen müssen die Kräfte vertikal an der Fußleiste und, sofern vorhanden, der Wickelwelle aufnehmen.There are also fire or smoke protection devices with a modular protection element. Such a modular protection element comprises a plurality of vertically extending tracks or segments which are at least partially not connected to each other. A modular protective element can therefore not transmit in the horizontal direction over the entire protective element acting force and build up no voltage. The force applied to lateral guide elements therefore does not or hardly depends on the width of the protective element. Guide elements must absorb the forces vertically on the baseboard and, if present, the winding shaft.
Da, wie oben erwähnt, keine Testvorrichtungen existieren, mittels derer breite Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtungen auf ihre Dauerbrandfestigkeit getestet werden können, ist keine experimentell gesicherte Aussage darüber möglich, welchen Einfluss der modulare Aufbau auf die Dauerbrandfestigkeit hat.Since, as mentioned above, there are no test devices by means of which broad fire or smoke protection devices can be tested for their long-term fire resistance, no experimentally verified statement is possible about the influence of the modular design on the endurance of fire.
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Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Belastbarkeit einer Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung mit breitem Schutzelement zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to improve the capacity of a fire or smoke protection device with a wide protective element.
Die Erfindung löst das Problem durch eine gattungsgemäße Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, deren Fußleiste zum magnetischen und/oder formschlüssigen Verbinden mit dem Boden ausgebildet ist.The invention solves the problem by a generic fire or smoke protection device, the skirting board is designed for magnetic and / or positive connection with the ground.
Vorteilhaft an einer derartigen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung ist, dass das Schutzelement so in vertikaler Richtung eine große Spannung aufnehmen kann. Existiert zwischen den beiden Gebäudeteilen, die durch das Schutzelement voneinander getrennt werden, eine Druckdifferenz, so führt diese zu einer Spannung im Schutzelement. Je größer die Kraft ist, mit der die Fußleiste am Boden festgehalten wird, desto größer kann diese Spannung werden. Löst sich die Verbindung zwischen der Fußleiste und dem Boden, so können heiße Gase und/oder Flammen von der Brandseite des Schutzelements auf die brandabgewandte Seite überschlagen, was nicht akzeptabel ist.An advantage of such a fire or smoke protection device is that the protective element can absorb a large voltage in the vertical direction. If a pressure difference exists between the two parts of the building, which are separated by the protective element, this leads to a tension in the protective element. The greater the force with which the baseboard is held on the ground, the greater this tension can become. Dissolves the connection between the skirting board and the floor, so hot gases and / or flames can overturn from the fire side of the protective element on the side facing away from the fire, which is unacceptable.
Vorteilhaft ist zudem der einfache Aufbau. So ist es relativ leicht möglich, die Fußleiste mit starken Permanentmagneten zu versehen, die eine große Haltekraft erzeugen mit der die Fußleiste am Boden fixiert wird. Zudem können die Permanentmagneten ausgebildet sein zum Bringen der Fußleiste in ihre korrekte Position, sodass eine Arretiervorrichtung betätigt werden kann. In anderen Worten weist die Fußleiste dann zumindest einen Permanentmagneten auf, der zum Bringen der Fußleiste in eine Position angeordnet ist, in der durch Betätigen der Arretiervorrichtung das Bodenelement mit der Fußleiste formschlüssig verbunden wird.Another advantage is the simple structure. Thus, it is relatively easy to provide the baseboard with strong permanent magnets that create a large holding force with the baseboard is fixed to the ground. In addition, the permanent magnets may be formed to bring the baseboard to its correct position, so that a locking device can be actuated. In other words, the baseboard then at least one permanent magnet, which is arranged for bringing the baseboard in a position in which by pressing the Locking device, the bottom element is positively connected to the baseboard.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung wird unter dem Schutzelement ein flächiges Element verstanden, das feuerhemmend und/oder rauchhemmend ist. Vorzugsweise ist das Schutzelement aus Brandschutztextil aufgebaut. Das Brandschutztextil kann beispielsweise ein Gewirk, ein Gewebe und/oder ein Gelege umfassen.In the context of the present description, the protective element is understood to be a planar element which is fire-retardant and / or smoke-inhibiting. Preferably, the protective element is constructed of fire protection textile. The fire protection textile may comprise, for example, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric and / or a scrim.
Unter einem Brandschutztextil wird insbesondere ein Gewebe, Gelege oder Gestrick verstanden, das nicht brennbar ist und Temperaturbelastungen hinreichend lange widersteht, um einen Durchtritt von Flammen und/oder Rauch, insbesondere zumindest für 30 Minuten gemäß der DIN EN 13501-2 und 3 und/oder DIN EN 12101-1, zu widerstehen. Vorteilhaft an der Verwendung von Brandschutztextilien ist der geringe Fertigungsaufwand. So ist es möglich, das Brandschutzelement aus ein, zwei, drei oder mehr flächigen Brandschutztextil-Stücken durch Verbinden, insbesondere Vernähen, herzustellen. Die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass das Schutzelement der oben genannten Temperaturbelastung auch dann für die angegebene Zeit standhält, wenn eine Druckdifferenz zwischen beiden Seiten des Schutzelements an seinem oberen Ende 20 Pascal, vorzugsweise 50 Pascal, beträgt.A fire protection textile is understood to mean in particular a fabric, scrim or knit which is non-flammable and withstands temperature stresses for a sufficient time to allow the passage of flames and / or smoke, in particular for at least 30 minutes in accordance with DIN EN 13501-2 and 3 and / or DIN EN 12101-1, withstand. An advantage of the use of fire protection textiles is the low production costs. Thus, it is possible to produce the fire protection element from one, two, three or more flat fire protection textile pieces by joining, in particular sewing. The fire or smoke protection device is preferably designed such that the protective element withstands the above-mentioned temperature load for the specified time even if a pressure difference between both sides of the protective element at its upper end is 20 Pascal, preferably 50 Pascal.
Es ist zudem möglich, dass das Schutzelement neben dem Brandschutztextil weitere Komponenten besitzt, beispielsweise endotherm wirksames Material, das bei Hitzeeinwirkung oder Wärmeaufnahme physikalisch oder chemisch reagiert, beispielsweise indem des Kristallwasser abspaltet und/oder verdampft oder anderweitig gebundenes Wasser abgibt. Das Schutzelement kann auch Versteifungselemente enthalten, beispielsweise Versteifungslatten. Wenn das Schutzelement feuerhemmend ist, könnte es auch als Brandschutzelement bezeichnet werden.It is also possible that the protective element in addition to the fire-resistant textile has other components, such as endothermic active material that reacts physically or chemically when exposed to heat or heat absorption, for example by the crystal water splits off and / or evaporates or otherwise releases bound water. The protective element can also contain stiffening elements, for example stiffening slats. If the protective element is fire-retardant, it could also be called a fire-resistant element.
Vorzugsweise besitzt die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung seitliche Führungen, die fest mit dem umgebenden Gebäude verbunden sind und mittels denen das Schutzelement seitlich geführt ist. Besitzt das Schutzelement Segmente, so sind nur die seitlichen Segmente an je einer Führung geführt.Preferably, the fire or smoke protection device has lateral guides which are firmly connected to the surrounding building and by means of which the protective element is guided laterally. If the protective element has segments, then only the lateral segments are guided on a respective guide.
Unter dem Merkmal, dass die Fußleiste zum kraftschlüssigen oder formschlüssigen Verbinden mit dem Boden ausgebildet ist, wird insbesondere verstanden, dass die Fußleiste so ausgebildet ist, dass sie ohne externe Energiezufuhr eine magnetische und/oder formschlüssige Verbindung mit dem Boden ausbildet.Under the feature that the baseboard is designed for non-positive or positive connection with the ground, is understood in particular that the baseboard is formed so that it forms a magnetic and / or positive connection with the ground without external power supply.
Insbesondere ist die Fußleiste zum Verbinden mit dem Boden ausgebildet, so dass eine Haltekraft, die nach oben wirkt und notwendig ist, um die Fußleiste vom Boden zu lösen, zumindest 100, vorzugsweise zumindest 200, Newton pro Meter an Länge der Fußleiste beträgt. Die Fußleiste müsste eine Masse von ca. 10 Kilogramm pro Meter Länge der Fußleiste haben, um eine gleich große Kraft zu erzeugen.In particular, the baseboard is configured to connect to the floor so that a holding force acting upward and necessary to release the baseboard from the floor is at least 100, preferably at least 200, Newton per meter of the length of the baseboard. The skirting board would have a mass of about 10 kilograms per meter of length of the skirting board to produce an equal force.
Unter dem Merkmal, dass es sich um ein Schutzelement zum Verschließen einer Gebäudeöffnung handelt, wird insbesondere verstanden, dass das Schutzelement in eine Schutzanordnung, in der das Schutzelement einer Ausbreitung von Rauch und/oder eines Brandes durch die Gebäudeöffnung entgegenwirkt, und in eine Lageranordnung, in der die Öffnung unverschlossen ist, bringbar ist.By the feature that it is a protective element for closing a building opening is meant in particular that the protective element in a protective arrangement in which the protective element of a propagation of smoke and / or fire through the building opening counteracts, and in a bearing assembly, in which the opening is unlocked, can be brought.
Vorzugsweise beträgt eine Breite des Schutzelements zumindest 2, insbesondere 5 Meter, vorzugsweise zumindest 7 Meter. Bei so breiten Schutzelementen entstehen bereits bei relativ geringen Druckdifferenzen zwischen brandseitiger und brandabgewandter Seite beträchtliche Spannungen im Schutzelement, die über die magnetische und/oder formschlüssige Verbindung in den Boden eingeleitet werden können. Meist ist die Breite kleiner als 35 Meter.Preferably, a width of the protective element is at least 2, in particular 5 meters, preferably at least 7 meters. With such broad protective elements, considerable stresses occur in the protective element even at relatively low pressure differences between the fire-side and the side away from the fire, which can be introduced into the ground via the magnetic and / or positive connection. Mostly the width is smaller than 35 meters.
Im Falle einer magnetischen Verbindung mit dem Boden ist die Fußleiste vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass die Magnetkraft in vertikaler Richtung wirkt. In anderen Worten verlaufen eine Unterseite der Fußleiste und der Boden vorzugweise parallel zueinander und bewegen sich in Normalenrichtung aufeinander zu.In the case of a magnetic connection to the floor, the baseboard is preferably formed so that the magnetic force acts in the vertical direction. In other words, a lower side of the baseboard and the floor preferably run parallel to one another and move in the normal direction towards each other.
Günstig ist es, wenn die Fußleiste zudem zum kraftschlüssigen Verbinden mit dem Boden ausgebildet ist. Dazu kann die Fußleiste oder das Bodenelement eine, insbesondere kraftschlüssig wirkende, Arretiervorrichtung aufweisen.It is advantageous if the baseboard is also designed for non-positive connection to the floor. For this purpose, the baseboard or the floor element may have a, in particular non-positively acting, locking device.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Schutzelement zumindest zwei Segmente, insbesondere zumindest drei Segmente, insbesondere eine Vielzahl an Segmenten, die zumindest über ein Drittel der Höhe des Schutzelements nicht oder so miteinander verbunden sind, dass eine Kraftübertragung einer in horizontaler Richtung zwischen benachbarten Segmenten wirkenden Kraft unterdrückt ist. Das führt dazu, dass an gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform vorhandenen seitlichen Führungsschienen, die das Schutzelement seitlich führen, nur vergleichsweise geringe Kräfte auftreten.Preferably, the protective element comprises at least two segments, in particular at least three segments, in particular a plurality of segments, which are not connected or at least so over at least a third of the height of the protective element, that a force transmission is suppressed in a horizontal direction between adjacent segments force. As a result, only a comparatively small amount of force is applied to lateral guide rails provided according to a preferred embodiment, which laterally guide the protective element.
Es ist möglich, dass die einzelnen Segmente zumindest über ein Drittel, insbesondere zumindest zwei Drittel, der Höhe des Gebäudeöffnung, die vom Schutzelement verschlossen wird, unverbunden nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Alternativ ist möglich, dass benachbarte Segmente miteinander mittels einer thermisch nicht beständigen Verbindung verbunden sind. Diese thermisch nicht beständige Verbindung löst sich im Brandfall auf. Das hat den Vorteil, dass im normalen Betrieb die Segmente relativ zueinander fixiert sind. Im Brandfall hingegen löst sich diese Verbindung. Eine lösbare Verbindung kann beispielsweise durch eine Naht mit thermisch nicht beständigem Nahtmaterial oder thermisch nicht beständige Nieten ausgeführt sein.It is possible that the individual segments are arranged side by side at least over one third, in particular at least two-thirds, of the height of the building opening which is closed by the protective element. Alternatively, it is possible that adjacent segments are connected to each other by means of a thermally unstable connection. This thermally unstable compound dissolves in case of fire. This has the advantage that in normal operation, the segments are fixed relative to each other. In case of fire, however, this compound dissolves. A releasable connection can be made for example by a seam with thermally unstable suture or thermally unstable rivets.
Wenn das Schutzelement aus Segmente aufgebaut ist, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Fußleiste zwei oder mehr Teil-Fußleisten umfasst. Jede Teil-Fußleiste ist an genau einem Segment befestigt. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Teil-Fußleisten miteinander verbunden sind, beispielsweise formschlüssig und/oder magnetisch.When the protective element is constructed of segments, it is advantageous if the baseboard comprises two or more partial baseboards. Each partial baseboard is attached to exactly one segment. It is advantageous if the partial baseboards are connected to each other, for example, positively and / or magnetically.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung (i) zumindest einen Permanentmagneten, der an der Fußleiste befestigt ist, (ii) zumindest ein Bodenelement, das mit dem Boden verbunden ist und ein ferromagnetisches, unmagnetisiertes Reluktanzelement und/oder zumindest ein Permanentmagnetelement mit bezüglich des Permanentmagneten entgegengesetzter Polarität und/oder (iii) eine Spule zum Erzeugen eines den Permanentmagneten anziehenden Magnetfelds zum Verbinden der Fußleiste mit dem Bodenelement. Unter dem Bodenelement wird ein Bauteil verstanden, das dazu ausgebildet ist, fest mit dem Boden oder Untergrund verbunden zu werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the fire or smoke protection device comprises (i) at least one permanent magnet attached to the baseboard, (ii) at least one bottom element connected to the ground and a ferromagnetic, non-magnetized reluctance element and / or at least one permanent magnet element with respect to the permanent magnet of opposite polarity and / or (iii) a coil for generating a magnetic field attracting the permanent magnet for connecting the skirting board to the floor element. Under the bottom element is a component understood that is designed to be firmly connected to the ground or ground.
Der Vorteil eines Reluktanzelements ist, dass es selbst nicht magnetisch ist, sodass es keine auf dem Boden liegenden ferromagnetischen Objekte anzieht. Das Reluktanzelement wird jedoch von dem Permanentmagneten angezogen, sodass sich eine starke magnetische Kraft zwischen der Fußleiste und dem Bodenelement ergibt. Das Bodenelement ist sowohl Teil der Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung als auch des Bodens.The advantage of a reluctance element is that it is not magnetic itself, so it does not attract ferromagnetic objects lying on the ground. However, the reluctance element is attracted to the permanent magnet, resulting in a strong magnetic force between the baseboard and the floor element. The floor element is both part of the fire or smoke protection device as well as the floor.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung einen Ablösekrafterzeuger zum Erzeugen einer Ablösekraft, die einer Haltekraft, die die Fußleiste am Boden hält entgegenwirkt. Vorzugsweise ist der Ablösekrafterzeuger so ausgebildet, dass er eine Ablösekraft erzeugt, die zumindest der Hälfte der Haltekraft entspricht.According to a preferred embodiment, the fire or smoke protection device comprises a Ablösekrafterzeuger for generating a detachment force, which counteracts a holding force that holds the baseboard at the bottom. Preferably, the separation force generator is designed such that it generates a detachment force that corresponds to at least half of the holding force.
Ist das Schutzelement in seiner Schutzanordnung und ist die Fußleiste magnetisch mit dem Boden, insbesondere dem Bodenelement, verbunden, so muss eine relativ große Kraft aufgewendet werden, um die Fußleiste vom Bodenelement zu trennen. Diesem Zweck dient der Ablösekrafterzeuger. Beispielsweise umfasst der Ablösekrafterzeuger einen Elektromagneten, der mit einem Gegenmagneten, beispielsweise einem Gegen-Permanentmagneten, bei dem es sich um den Permanentmagneten der Fußleiste handeln kann, zusammenwirkt, um eine abstoßende Kraft zwischen dem Bodenelement und der Fußleiste zu erzeugen. Zum Bringen des Schutzelements aus der Schutzanordnung in die Lageranordnung wird der Ablösekrafterzeuger betätigt und dann das Schutzelement bewegt. Das kann beispielsweise mittels eines Motors und einer Wickelwelle erfolgen, auf der das Schutzelement aufgewickelt ist. Es ist auch möglich, dass das Schutzelement in der Lageranordnung gerafft vorliegt, in diesem Fall umfasst die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung selbstverständlich in der Regel keine Wickelwelle.Is the protective element in its protective arrangement and the baseboard is magnetic connected to the floor, in particular the floor element, so a relatively large force must be used to separate the skirting from the floor element. This purpose is served by the release force generator. For example, the release force generator includes an electromagnet that cooperates with a counter-magnet, such as a counter-permanent magnet, which may be the permanent magnet of the baseboard, to create a repulsive force between the floor member and the baseboard. To bring the protective element from the protective arrangement in the bearing assembly of the Ablösekrafterzeuger is actuated and then moves the protective element. This can be done for example by means of a motor and a winding shaft on which the protective element is wound up. It is also possible for the protective element to be gathered in the bearing arrangement, in which case the fire or smoke protection device naturally does not generally comprise a winding shaft.
Der Ablösekrafterzeuger kann alternativ oder zusätzlich einen Elektromotor aufweisen, der beispielsweise mit einer Spindel zusammenwirkt und einen Stößel bewegt. Dieser Stößel wirkt auf die Fußleiste und drückt diese vom Bodenelement weg. Der Vorteil einer solchen Vorrichtung ist, dass ein Elektromotor vergleichsweise kleiner Leistung ausreicht, um die Fußleiste vom Bodenelement zu trennen.The detaching force generator may alternatively or additionally comprise an electric motor which cooperates, for example, with a spindle and moves a plunger. This plunger acts on the baseboard and pushes it away from the floor element. The advantage of such a device is that an electric motor comparatively low power is sufficient to separate the skirting from the floor element.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung intumeszierendes Material, das angeordnet ist zum Bilden einer Isolationsschicht, die den Permanentmagneten im Brandfall thermisch isoliert. Ein Magnet besitz besitzt eine Curie-Temperatur, oberhalb der er seine ferromagnetischen Eigenschaft verliert. Das intumeszierende Material ist so angeordnet, dass es den Permanentmagneten von der Brandhitze im Brandfall abschirmt und so das Überschreiben der Curie-Temperatur verhindert oder zumindest hinauszögert.According to a preferred embodiment, the fire or smoke protection device comprises intumescent material which is arranged to form an insulating layer which thermally insulates the permanent magnet in case of fire. A magnet possesses a Curie temperature above which it loses its ferromagnetic property. The intumescent material is arranged to shield the permanent magnet from the fire heat in the event of a fire, thus preventing or at least delaying the overwriting of the Curie temperature.
Das intumeszierende Material kann beispielsweise den Permanentmagneten abdecken. Im Brandfall schirmt das intumeszierende Material die Wärmestrahlung ab, die zudem zum Aufquellen des intumeszierenden Materials führt und damit die Erwärmung des Permanentmagneten verzögert.The intumescent material may, for example, cover the permanent magnet. In case of fire, the intumescent material shields the heat radiation, which also leads to swelling of the intumescent material and thus delays the heating of the permanent magnet.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung ein Abschirmelement, das oberhalb einer Aktivierungstemperatur Wasserdampf abgebendes Material enthält und das angeordnet ist zum Abschirmen des Permanentmagneten im Brandfall, wobei die Aktivierungstemperatur kleiner ist als die Curie-Temperatur des Permanentmagneten. Das Wasserdampf abgebende Material kann beispielsweise Gips, Natriumsilikat, ein wasserhaltiger Superabsorber oder Wasser selbst sein. Wegen der hohen Verdampfungswärme steigt durch das Abschirmelement die Temperatur am Permanentmagneten nur langsam an, sodass die Verbindung zwischen der Fußleiste und dem Boden lange Zeit besteht.Preferably, the fire or smoke protection device comprises a shielding element which contains above a activation temperature water vapor emitting material and which is arranged to shield the permanent magnet in case of fire, wherein the activation temperature is smaller than the Curie temperature of the permanent magnet. The water vapor releasing material may be, for example, gypsum, sodium silicate, a hydrous superabsorbent or water itself. Due to the high heat of vaporization, the temperature at the permanent magnet increases only slowly due to the shielding element, so that the connection between the skirting board and the floor is long lasting.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung eine Arretiervorrichtung, die ausgebildet ist zum formschlüssigen Verbinden des Bodenelements mit der Fußleiste. Die Arretiervorrichtung ist vorzugsweise thermisch aktivierbar. Das bedeutet, dass die Arretiervorrichtung bei Normaltemperatur, beispielsweise unterhalb von 100°C, in einer inaktiven Stellung ist, in der sie Bodenelement und Fußleiste nicht verbindet, und dass das Überschreiten einer Auslösetemperatur, die beispielsweise zwischen 150°C und 240°C beträgt, dazu führt, dass die Arretiervorrichtung in eine aktive Stellung kommt, in der die Arretiervorrichtung das Bodenelement und die Fußleiste formschlüssig verbindet.Preferably, the fire or smoke protection device comprises a locking device, which is designed for positive connection of the floor element with the baseboard. The locking device is preferably thermally activated. This means that the locking device is in an inactive position at normal temperature, for example below 100 ° C., in which it does not connect the floor element and skirting board, and that exceeding a triggering temperature which is for example between 150 ° C. and 240 ° C., causes the locking device comes into an active position in which the locking device connects the bottom element and the skirting form fit.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung ein Rückhalteelement, das die Arretiervorrichtung im Brandfall aus der inaktiven Stellung in die aktive Stellung bringt.According to a preferred embodiment, the fire or smoke protection device comprises a retaining element which brings the locking device in case of fire from the inactive position to the active position.
Beispielsweise umfasst die Arretiervorrichtung einen Zapfen, der einen Hinterschnitt aufweisen kann, und eine Aufnahme für den Zapfen. Die Arretiervorrichtung ist Teil der Fußleiste und/oder des Bodenelements.For example, the locking device comprises a pin, which may have an undercut, and a receptacle for the pin. The locking device is part of the baseboard and / or the floor element.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Arretiervorrichtung selbstzentrierend ausgebildet. Hierunter ist zu verstehen, dass eine Lageabweichung der Fußleiste von der idealen Lage dazu führt, dass eine Kraft entsteht, die die Fußleiste in die korrekte Lage drückt.According to a preferred embodiment, the locking device is self-centering. By this is meant that a positional deviation of the skirting of the ideal position leads to a force that pushes the baseboard in the correct position.
Das Rückhalteelement kann beispielsweise niedrig schmelzendes Lot oder intumeszierendes Material aufweisen, die jeweils so angeordnet sind, dass beim Überschreiten einer kritischen Temperatur, beispielsweise der Schmelztemperatur des Lots oder der Aktivierungstemperatur des intumeszierenden Materials, das Rückhalteelement seine rückhaltende Wirkung verliert und die Arretiervorrichtung in die aktive Stellung kommt. Die kritische Temperatur ist dann die Auslösetemperatur. Durch die entstehende formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Bodenelement und der Fußleiste wird die Fußleiste fest relativ zum Gebäude fixiert und kann auch große Lasten aufnehmen.The retaining element may comprise, for example, low-melting solder or intumescent material, which are each arranged so that when a critical temperature, such as the melting temperature of the solder or the activation temperature of the intumescent material, the retaining element loses its retaining effect and the locking device in the active position comes. The critical temperature is then the triggering temperature. Due to the resulting positive connection between the floor element and the baseboard, the baseboard is firmly fixed relative to the building and can also accommodate large loads.
Vorzugsweise besitzt die Arretiervorrichtung ein Verriegelungselement, das es in der inaktiven Stellung der Fußleiste erlaubt, sich vom Bodenelement zu entfernen, und das in einer aktiven Stellung die Fußleiste formschlüssig mit dem Bodenelement verbindet.Preferably, the locking device has a locking element that allows it to move away from the floor element in the inactive position of the skirting board and that in an active position connects the foot strip to the floor element in a form-fitting manner.
Die Arretiervorrichtung kann ein, insbesondere intumeszierendes, Material aufweisen, das sich beim Überschreiten der Auslösetemperatur so stark ausdehnt, dass es das Verriegelungselement in die aktive Stellung bewegt, in der die Fußleiste und das Bodenelement formschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind.The locking device may have a, in particular intumescent, material that expands so much when the triggering temperature is exceeded that it moves the locking element into the active position, in which the baseboard and the floor element are positively connected with each other.
Günstig ist es, wenn die Arretiervorrichtung ein Arretierelement mit Hinterschnitt aufweist, das vorzugsweise mit der Fußleiste verbunden ist, aufweist, wobei das Bodenelement einen Hinterschnitt besitzt und wobei das Arretierelement und das Bodenelement formschlüssig zusammenwirken können.It is advantageous if the locking device has a locking element with undercut has, which is preferably connected to the baseboard having, wherein the bottom member has an undercut and wherein the locking element and the bottom element can cooperate positively.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind das Bodenelement und das Arretierelement so geformt, dass die Fußleiste dann und nur dann, wenn sie aufgrund eines Brandes eine thermisch oder durch eine Druckdifferenz bedingte Durchbiegung zeigt, mit dem Bodenelement formschlüssig zusammenwirkt. Im Brandfall bildet sich ein Temperaturgradient zwischen der Brandseite und der brandabgewandten Seite aus. Der Temperaturgradient führt zu einer Durchbiegung der Fußleiste. Zudem bildet sich auf der Brandseite oft ein Unterdruck, der die Fußleiste ebenfalls auf die Brandseite hin durchbiegt.According to a preferred embodiment, the bottom element and the locking element are shaped so that the baseboard then and only when it shows due to a fire, a thermally or by a pressure difference-related deflection cooperates positively with the bottom element. In case of fire, a temperature gradient forms between the fire side and the side away from the fire. The temperature gradient leads to a deflection of the baseboard. In addition, often forms on the fire side, a negative pressure, which also bends the baseboard on the fire side.
Das Bodenelement ist so gestaltet, dass die Fußleiste, insbesondere das Arretierelement, hinter den Hinterschnitt greift, wenn sie aufgrund des Temperaturgradienten durchgebogen ist. Im Normalfall, wenn also kein Temperaturgradient existiert, biegt sich die Fußleiste nicht durch und greift somit auch nicht hinter den Hinterschnitt. So ist sichergestellt, dass die Fußleiste dann und nur dann formschlüssig mit dem Boden verbunden ist, wenn die Fußleiste brandbedingt durchgebogen ist.The bottom element is designed so that the foot strip, in particular the locking element, engages behind the undercut when it is bent due to the temperature gradient. Normally, if there is no temperature gradient, the baseboard does not bend through and thus does not reach behind the undercut. This ensures that the baseboard is then and only then positively connected to the ground when the skirting board is bent due to fire.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besitzt die Arretiervorrichtung einen Antrieb zum Bewegen des Arretierelements. Es ist günstig, wenn die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung eine Notfallstromversorgung aufweist, um sicherzustellen, dass der Antrieb auch dann funktioniert, wenn im Brandfall gleichzeitig der Strom ausfällt.According to a preferred embodiment, the locking device has a drive for moving the locking element. It is advantageous if the fire or smoke protection device has an emergency power supply to ensure that the drive works even if at the same time the power fails in case of fire.
Günstig ist es, wenn die Arretiervorrichtung zumindest einen schwenkbar gelagerten Arm aufweist, der mittels des Antriebs bewegbar ist und die Fußleiste formschlüssig relativ zum Bodenelement fixiert. Besonders günstig ist ein Paar an Armen, die antagonistisch zueinander vom Antrieb bewegt werden. Das bewirkt, dass die Fußleiste auch dann sicher formschlüssig befestigt wird, wenn sie nicht perfekt positioniert ist.It is advantageous if the locking device has at least one pivotally mounted arm, which is movable by means of the drive and fixes the baseboard in a form-fitting manner relative to the floor element. Particularly favorable is a pair on arms that are antagonistic to each other by the drive. This ensures that the baseboard is securely fastened securely even if it is not perfectly positioned.
Es ist möglich, dass die Arretiervorrichtung in seiner inaktiven Stellung, in der sie die Fußleiste nicht formschlüssig relativ zum Bodenelement fixiert, auf die aktive Stellung vorgespannt ist, in der die Arretiervorrichtung die Fußleiste formschlüssig relativ zum Bodenelement fixiert. In diesem Fall ist der Antrieb angeordnet zum Lösen einer Rückhaltevorrichtung, beispielsweise eines Riegels, der die Arretiervorrichtung in der inaktiven Stellung hält. Aufgrund der Vorspannung, die beispielsweise von einer Vorspannvorrichtung ausgeübt wird, kommt die Arretiervorrichtung ohne Zufuhr weiterer externer Energie in ihre aktive Stellung. Zum Bringen der Arretiervorrichtung aus ihrer aktiven Stellung in die inaktive Stellung wird der Antrieb verwendet.It is possible that the locking device is biased in its inactive position in which it does not form fit relative to the bottom element, the foot bar is fixed to the active position in which the locking device fixes the skirting form-fitting relative to the bottom element. In this case, the drive is arranged to release a retaining device, for example a bolt, which holds the locking device in the inactive position. Due to the bias, which is exerted for example by a biasing device, the locking device comes without supplying additional external energy in its active position. To bring the locking device from its active position to the inactive position, the drive is used.
Alternativ ist die Arretiervorrichtung in ihrer aktiven Stellung auf die inaktive Stellung vorgespannt. In diesem Fall ist der Antrieb angeordnet zum Fahren der Arretiervorrichtung in die aktive Stellung. Aufgrund der Vorspannung, die beispielsweise von einer Vorspannvorrichtung aufgebracht wird, kann das Zurückfahren in die inaktive Stellung ohne externen Antrieb erfolgen.Alternatively, the locking device is biased in its active position to the inactive position. In this case, the drive is arranged for driving the locking device in the active position. Due to the bias, which is applied for example by a biasing device, the return can be done in the inactive position without external drive.
Alternativ ist der Antrieb angeordnet zum Schließen und zum Öffnen der Arretiervorrichtung. Vorzugsweise besitzt der Antrieb dann eine Notstromversorgungseinheit.Alternatively, the drive is arranged for closing and for opening the locking device. The drive then preferably has an emergency power supply unit.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Arretiervorrichtung (i) in eine aktive Stellung, in der die Arretiervorrichtung die Fußleiste formschlüssig relativ zum Bodenelement fixiert, (ii) in eine Führungsstellung, in der sie die Fußleiste nicht formschlüssig relativ zum Bodenelement fixiert und die die Fußleiste in eine Position bringt, in der sie mittels der Arretiervorrichtung fixierbar, nicht aber fixiert ist, und (iii) in eine inaktive Stellung, in der sie die Fußleiste nicht fixiert und die nicht keine Führungsstellung ist, bringbar. In der inaktiven Stellung ist die Arretiervorrichtung so angeordnet, dass sie nicht in die Gebäudeöffnung hineinragt.According to a preferred embodiment, the locking device (i) is in an active position in which the locking device fixes the baseboard positively relative to the bottom element, (ii) in a guide position in which it does not form-fit fixes the baseboard relative to the bottom element and the baseboard in brings a position in which it is fixable by means of the locking device, but not fixed, and (iii) in an inactive position in which it does not fix the baseboard and which is not a guide position, brought. In the inactive position, the locking device is arranged so that it does not protrude into the building opening.
Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Gebäude weist die Fußleiste vorzugsweise zumindest einen Permanentmagneten auf und der Boden besitzt ein Bodenelement, das ein ferromagnetisches, unmagnetisiertes Reluktanzelement und/oder zumindest ein Permanentmagnetelement mit bezüglich des Permanentmagneten entgegengesetzter Polarität zum Verbinden der Fußleiste mit dem Boden aufweist.In a building according to the invention, the baseboard preferably has at least one permanent magnet and the bottom has a bottom element which has a ferromagnetic, non-magnetized reluctance element and / or at least one permanent magnet element with opposite polarity with respect to the permanent magnet for connecting the baseboard to the ground.
Erfindungsgemäß ist zudem ein Gebäude mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung. Die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung besitzt in diesem Fall vorzugsweise zwei seitliche Führungen, die fest mit dem Gebäude verbunden sind. Die Fußleiste ist, wenn sie mit dem Boden formschlüssig verbunden ist, bezüglich aller Bewegungsfreiheitsgrade fest mit dem Boden verbunden.According to the invention is also a building with a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention. The fire or smoke protection device in this case preferably has two lateral guides, which are firmly connected to the building. The baseboard is, when it is positively connected to the ground, with respect to all degrees of freedom of movement firmly connected to the ground.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung,
- Figur 2
- mit den Teilfiguren 2a, 2b und 2c einen Querschnitt durch eine Fußleiste und ein Bodenelement der Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung gemäß
Figur 1 , - Figur 3
- einen Teilfiguren 3a, 3b und 3c einen Querschnitt durch eine Fußleiste und ein Bodenelement einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung,
- Figur 4a
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Fußleiste und ein Bodenelement einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung,
- Figur 4
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Fußleiste und ein Bodenelement einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung,
- Figur 5
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Fußleiste und ein Bodenelement einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung,
- Figur 6
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Fußleiste und ein Bodenelement einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung,
- Figur 7
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Fußleiste und ein Bodenelement einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung.
- Figur 8
- zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform, bei der die Arretiervorrichtung intumeszierendes Material zum Bewegen eines Verriegelungselements aufweist.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic view of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention,
- FIG. 2
- with the sub-figures 2a, 2b and 2c a cross section through a baseboard and a floor element of the fire or smoke protection device according to
FIG. 1 . - FIG. 3
- a sub-figures 3a, 3b and 3c shows a cross section through a baseboard and a bottom element of a second embodiment of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention,
- FIG. 4a
- a cross section through a baseboard and a floor element of another embodiment of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention,
- FIG. 4
- a cross section through a baseboard and a floor element of another embodiment of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention,
- FIG. 5
- a cross section through a baseboard and a floor element of another embodiment of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention,
- FIG. 6
- a cross section through a baseboard and a floor element of another embodiment of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention,
- FIG. 7
- a cross section through a baseboard and a bottom element of another embodiment of a fire or smoke protection device according to the invention.
- FIG. 8
- shows a further embodiment in which the locking device comprises intumescent material for moving a locking element.
Die Wickelwelle 18 ist von einem Motor 20 drehantreibbar, der, was eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform darstellt, als Rohrmotor ausgebildet ist. Mittels des Motors 20 kann das Schutzelement 16 in eine Lagerstellung gebracht werden, in der das Schutzelement 16 auf die Wickelwelle 18 aufgewickelt ist. In diesem Fall ist eine Fußleiste 22 in einer oberen Stellung.The winding
Mittels des Motors 20 kann das Schutzelement 16 zudem eine Schließstellung gebracht werden, bei der es 16 die Gebäudeöffnung 12 verschließt. Die Fußleiste 22 liegt dann auf einem Boden 24 auf. Der Boden 24 ist eben und verläuft im vorliegenden Fall zudem horizontal. Das Schutzelement 16 trennt damit einen ersten Gebäudeabschnitt, der in
Im vorliegenden Fall sind alle Segmente 26 auf genau einer Wickelwelle 18 aufgewickelt. Es ist aber auch möglich, dass zwei oder mehr Wickelwellen existieren, wobei zumindest zwei Segmente auf unterschiedlichen Wickelwellen aufgewickelt sind. Beispielsweise besitzt jedes Segment eine eigene Wickelwelle. Diese Wickelwellen können gemeinsam oder einzeln, d. h. mit jeweils einem eigenen Motor, angetrieben sein.In the present case, all segments 26 are wound on exactly one winding
In
Schematisch eingezeichnet sind zudem seitliche Führungen 32.1, 32.2, an denen die randständigen Segmente 26.1, 26.3 geführt sind. Die Führungen 32 sind jedoch entbehrlich und gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besitzt die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung 10 keine seitlichen Führungen.In addition, lateral guides 32.1, 32.2, on which the marginal segments 26.1, 26.3 are guided, are shown schematically. However, the guides 32 are dispensable and according to a preferred embodiment, the fire or
Im Brandfall lösen sich die Nähte 28. Eine Kraftübertragung einer Kraft F, die in horizontaler Richtung auf eines der Segmente, beispielsweise das Segment 26.3, wirkt, kann daher nicht auf das benachbarte Segment, im vorliegenden Fall auf das Segment 26.2 übertragen werden. Eine in horizontaler Richtung wirkende Spannung führt daher zu einem Ausbauchen des Schutzelements 16, nicht aber zu einer signifikant zunehmenden Kraft auf die seitlichen Führungen 32. Die Gebäudeöffnung 12 besitzt eine lichte Weite, die einer Breite B des Schutzelements 16 entspricht und die vorzugsweise größer ist als 5 Meter, beispielsweise größer als 7 Meter. Eine Höhe H des Schutzelements 16 entspricht dem Weg, den die Fußleiste 22 beim Bewegen des Schutzelements 16 aus der Lageranordnung in die Schutzanordnung zurücklegt.In case of fire, the seams solve 28. A force transmission of a force F acting in the horizontal direction on one of the segments, for example, the segment 26.3, therefore, can not be transferred to the adjacent segment, in the present case to the segment 26.2. Therefore, a tension acting in a horizontal direction leads to bulging of the
Alternativ ist das Rückhaltelement 42 als Aktor ausgebildet, beispielsweise als Motor oder Elektromagnet mit Spule, sodass durch beispielsweise elektrisches, Betätigen des Aktors, die Arretiervorrichtung in ihre aktive Stellung gebracht werden. Ist die Arretiervorrichtung, beispielsweise bei einem Probelauf, in ihre aktive Stellung gebracht worden, so kann sie, beispielsweise durch einen Antrieb, wieder in ihre inaktive Stellung zurückgebracht werden. Das Rückhaltelement 42 wird dann erneut aktiviert und hält die Arretiervorrichtung in der inaktiven Stellung.Alternatively, the retaining
Die Arretiervorrichtung 34 besitzt ein Verriegelungselement 44 (vgl.
Die Brand- oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung gemäß
Das Permanentmagnetelement 56 ist von einer Isolierung 62 oder einer Kühlvorrichtung 62 umgeben. Die Isolierung kann beispielsweise durch Mineralwolle, Steinwolle oder Ähnliches gebildet sein. Die Kühlvorrichtung kann so ausgebildet sein, dass sie oberhalb einer Aktivierungstemperatur Wasserdampf abgibt und so ein Überschreiten der Curie-Temperatur Tc beim Permanentmagnetelement 56 verhindern oder herauszögern.The
Der Antrieb 66 kann einen Elektromotor und gegebenenfalls ein Getriebe aufweisen. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der Antrieb 66 ein pneumatischer Antrieb sein.The
Claims (12)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
characterized in that
die Fußleiste zumindest einen Permanentmagneten aufweist, der zum Bringen der Fußleiste in eine Position, in der durch Betätigen der Arretiervorrichtung (34) das Bodenelement (40) mit der Fußleiste (22) formschlüssig verbunden wird, angeordnet ist.Fire or smoke protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the foot strip has at least one permanent magnet, which is arranged for bringing the baseboard into a position in which by pressing the locking device (34) the bottom element (40) with the baseboard (22) is positively connected.
ein Rückhalteelement (42), das die Arretiervorrichtung (34) im Brandfall aus einer inaktiven Stellung, in der die Arretiervorrichtung (34) das Bodenelement (40) und die Fußleiste (22) nicht verbindet,
in eine aktive Stellung, in der die Arretiervorrichtung (34) das Bodenelement (40) und die Fußleiste (22) formschlüssig verbindet, bringt.Fire or smoke protection device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized by
a retaining element (42) which, in the event of a fire, disconnects the locking device (34) from an inactive position in which the locking device (34) does not connect the bottom element (40) and the baseboard (22),
in an active position in which the locking device (34) connects the bottom element (40) and the skirting board (22) in a form-fitting manner.
die Arretiervorrichtung (34) einen Antrieb (66) zum Bewegen des Arretierelements (64) aufweist.Fire or smoke protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the locking device (34) has a drive (66) for moving the locking element (64).
die Arretiervorrichtung (34) zumindest einen schwenkbar gelagerten Arm aufweist, der mittels des Antriebs (66) bewegbar ist und die Fußleiste (22) formschlüssig relativ zum Bodenelement (40) fixiert.Fire or smoke protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that
the locking device (34) has at least one pivotally mounted arm, which is movable by means of the drive (66) and fixes the baseboard (22) in a form-fitting manner relative to the floor element (40).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
characterized in that
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102014014935.8A DE102014014935A1 (en) | 2014-10-08 | 2014-10-08 | Fire or smoke protection device |
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EP3006091A1 true EP3006091A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
EP3006091B1 EP3006091B1 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001120678A (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-08 | Unitika Glass Fiber Co Ltd | Fire area screen device |
GB2389310A (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-10 | Stobich Brandschutz Gmbh & Co | Fire Barrier |
WO2012065042A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-18 | Paha Designs | Quick deploy fire shelter |
WO2013171442A2 (en) | 2012-05-16 | 2013-11-21 | Coopers Fire Limited | Smoke or fire barrier |
US20140190709A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-10 | Stoebich Brandschutz Gmbh | Smoke or Fire Protection Device |
EP2520337B1 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2015-01-28 | Stöbich Brandschutz GmbH | Fire-retardant closure |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1154246B (en) * | 1959-06-06 | 1963-09-12 | Holzindustrie | Temperature holding curtain with magnets arranged in the hem |
FR2195162A5 (en) * | 1972-08-03 | 1974-03-01 | Husson Jean |
-
2014
- 2014-10-08 DE DE102014014935.8A patent/DE102014014935A1/en active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-10-08 ES ES15188957T patent/ES2791731T3/en active Active
- 2015-10-08 EP EP15188957.3A patent/EP3006091B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001120678A (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-08 | Unitika Glass Fiber Co Ltd | Fire area screen device |
GB2389310A (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-10 | Stobich Brandschutz Gmbh & Co | Fire Barrier |
EP2520337B1 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2015-01-28 | Stöbich Brandschutz GmbH | Fire-retardant closure |
WO2012065042A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-18 | Paha Designs | Quick deploy fire shelter |
WO2013171442A2 (en) | 2012-05-16 | 2013-11-21 | Coopers Fire Limited | Smoke or fire barrier |
US20140190709A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-10 | Stoebich Brandschutz Gmbh | Smoke or Fire Protection Device |
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