EP2993241A1 - Procede et presse pour fabriquer au moins en partie des composants de tole durcis - Google Patents

Procede et presse pour fabriquer au moins en partie des composants de tole durcis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2993241A1
EP2993241A1 EP15181420.9A EP15181420A EP2993241A1 EP 2993241 A1 EP2993241 A1 EP 2993241A1 EP 15181420 A EP15181420 A EP 15181420A EP 2993241 A1 EP2993241 A1 EP 2993241A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
sheet metal
tool
stage
metal component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15181420.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP2993241B1 (fr
Inventor
Dipl.-Ing. Frost (FH) Georg
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Application filed by Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH filed Critical Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
    • B21D24/005—Multi-stage presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/003—Simultaneous forming, e.g. making more than one part per stroke
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
    • B21D37/12—Particular guiding equipment, e.g. pliers; Special arrangements for interconnection or cooperation of dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a press for producing at least partially cured sheet metal components.
  • the forming technique it is known to perform sheet metal components made of metal strip material, in particular of steel, by at least one stage forming operation in a press.
  • the sheet is unwound from the tape and sheet metal blanks of certain shape geometry are cut from the tape.
  • the forming takes place in a press with at least one pressing tool stage.
  • thermoforming also known as press hardening or tempering
  • tempering has been widely used for many years for the production of chassis and structural components of motor vehicles.
  • the DE 10 2008 034 596 A1 describes a method for producing at least partially hardened sheet metal components in two successive tool stages, wherein each tool stage has an upper tool and a lower tool arranged in a press and closed by closing movement of the press upper tool and lower tool and thereby hot-formed austenitizing a sheet metal blank to the sheet metal component.
  • each tool stage has an upper tool and a lower tool arranged in a press and closed by closing movement of the press upper tool and lower tool and thereby hot-formed austenitizing a sheet metal blank to the sheet metal component.
  • the formed sheet metal blank is rapidly cooled.
  • only partially hardened sheet metal components are to be produced by providing gaps between the tool halves or by using different materials with different thermal conductivity in the upper tool or lower tool.
  • the DE 10 2009 057 382 A1 describes a multi-tooling process and press for thermoforming sheet metal blanks heated to austenitizing temperature to produce hardened sheet metal components. After thermoforming in a cooled forming tool stage, the sheet metal component is to be hardened in a further cooled tool stage and then cold-cut.
  • the press is to be operated at high throughput, which is why it is proposed to close the tool stages with upper tool and lower tool as early as possible and open as late as possible.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a large-scale feasible and reliable method and a press for producing hardened sheet-metal components, which has an increased production throughput and a higher resulting product quality.
  • the method is characterized in that the forming die stage is moved during the closing movement from an upper reversal point to a lower reversal point of the press by at least one elastic actuator relative to the press, so that the hot forming is terminated and stopping begins before the press reaches the lower reversal point achieved, and / or that the locking of the Umformtechnikmaschinen is terminated by an elastic actuator only during the upward movement of the press after the lower reversal point of the press has been completely passed through, wherein the upper tool and the lower tool have cooling channels, whereby a cooling medium is passed.
  • the sheet metal blank is further processed by hot forming the sheet metal component, in the following description, both terms are also used in parallel, if it is not about the evoked by the forming properties, but the process steps, in particular the heat treatment and the press are explained in more detail.
  • the sheet-metal plate is brought by at least partially heating means known per se to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature of the steel alloy used. It is useful in the context of the invention, the use of heaters high heating rate, such as by contact heating with inductively or conductively heated contact masses, direct burner heating or furnace heating with furnace room overtemperature. A combination thereof or with other known furnace types is possible, for example when using metallically coated sheet metal blanks.
  • the austenitizing temperature Ac3 is also referred to as the recrystallization temperature, the height of the austenitizing temperature depending on the exact alloy composition.
  • the use of manganese boron steels has proven successful which, after heating by rapid cooling or quenching, undergoes continuous hardening by transformation of the austenitic microstructure into martensite textures. With the hardness, the mechanical properties yield strength Rp0.2 and tensile strength Rm increase, while maximum bending angle and elongation A50 decrease.
  • Holding time according to the invention is that period to understand in which upper tool and lower tool at least the Umformwerkmaschinen and the second tool stage are closed, so are at least partially in intimate contact with the shaped sheet metal plate or with the sheet metal component.
  • transfer includes any handling operation that causes the transport of the sheet metal component from a tool stage to the next-consecutive tool stage, including removal from the respective tool stage and insertion into the respective tool stage.
  • the reversal point of the press according to the invention is defined so that the press in the power stroke exactly an open position, the upper reversal point and exactly a maximum closed position, the lower reversal point reached.
  • a maximum open position of the press that can be achieved for maintenance or conversion operations, which under certain circumstances may be greater than the upper reversal point, can be distinguished.
  • a edge trimming and / or perforation are performed, in particular before the press is completely closed.
  • the closing movement can be used to drive the cutting means, which are necessary for punching or trimming.
  • the trimmed sheet metal component for further, at least in sections, rapid cooling is transferred to the second tool stage.
  • the second tool stage is also preferred, at least in regions, during the closing movement of the press by at least one elastic actuator moves relative to the press, so that the locking begins before the press reaches the lower reversal point. But it is also possible that the locking of the second Tool stage is at least partially terminated by an elastic actuator only during the upward movement of the press after the lower reversal point of the press has been completely passed through. Most preferably, by at least one elastic actuator, the second tool stage mounted to the press that remain closed during a significant portion of the closing time and during a significant portion of the time the upward movement of the upper tool and lower tool.
  • the decisive factor here is a time share of more than 30 percent each of the closing movement and / or the upward movement of the press.
  • the Umformwerkzeugmat and preferably also the second tool stage can be spring-loaded by the elastic actuator mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically.
  • the elastic actuators themselves can either passively purely mechanically effective by permanently applying a counteracting force of the press force on the upper tool or lower tool. To name a few would be coil springs or spring assemblies made of other mechanical springs. But it is also possible that at least one elastic actuator is actively driven to adjust a differentiated during the press movement force control of the actuator. The latter makes it possible to differentiate between a sufficient for the hot forming force level and a required for locking higher force level, but to spare the elastic actuator to the associated actuator. As a result, the holding time as a whole for carrying out the rapid cooling and for hardening the sheet metal component can be reduced.
  • the transfer of the sheet metal component is carried out according to the invention preferably by a transfer system, in particular by a linear guided transfer bar with grippers, in a transfer time of 1 to 4 seconds, preferably in 2 to 3 seconds, between at least two tool stages. It is thus possible to keep the heat losses during the movement of the sheet metal component between the tool stages as low as possible and ideally to dispense with complicated multi-axis handling devices. It can be provided that the grippers of the transfer system are already brought close to the sheet metal component, before the press has reached the upper reversal point.
  • recesses for collision-free implementation of the transfer system or for bringing the grippers are provided close to the sheet metal component, so that the sheet metal component immediately with the separation of upper tool and lower tool, ie after the end of the holding time, removed by the transfer system or by the gripper of Umformwerkmaschinemaschine and is moved on.
  • Sectionally means in the context of the invention that the sheet metal part at least a first section with relatively low strength and plug boundary with a structure which is preferably uncured or hardened only slightly, and at least a second section with high strength Rm and yield strength Rp0.2 but reduced Elongation A50 and has essentially a martensitic structure.
  • the first section of the sheet metal component has a tensile strength between 400 and 800 megapascals (MPa), in particular between 450 and 650 MPa, and predominantly ferrite-pearlitic constituents.
  • a cooling temperature of the sheet metal component is set, which is in a first portion of the sheet metal plate is greater than the Martensitge Swgelung required martensite Ms and in a second section is smaller than Ms, the sheet metal blank in the first section in particular to a cooling temperature of 540th is cooled to 660 ° C.
  • the cooling of the first section of the sheet metal plate to a lesser extent and to a higher temperature compared to the cooling in the second section is achieved that a structural transformation is suppressed in the sheet metal from the austenitic state in martensite, but at the same time a structural transformation of austenite to ferrite and / or perlite begins.
  • a cooling temperature of the sheet metal component can be set in the second tool stage, which is between 350 to 500 ° C at the end of the second holding time in the first section and in the second section is smaller than the martensite finish temperature Mf required for complete martensite structure transformation, wherein the sheet metal part in the second section is preferably cooled to less than 200 ° C., in particular to room temperature.
  • a completely martensitic structure is formed, whereby a tensile strength between 1400 and 2100 MPa, preferably 1450 and 1800 MPa, depending on the steel alloy, in particular depending on Kohlestoff- and manganese content adjusted.
  • the sheet metal component is held for a first holding time between 2 and 8 seconds and for a second holding time between 2 and 10 seconds.
  • the cycle time of the press with a forming tool stage and a subsequent second tool stage between its upper reversal point and its lower reversal point is preferably between 3 and 11 seconds. This makes it possible to achieve an extremely high output quantity or a high throughput and thus very low production costs. In combination with the production of partially hardened sheet metal components, there is also the advantage that the component properties and quality do not suffer from the high production cycle. It should be stressed that the sheet metal components produced have a high dimensional stability, in contrast to a single-stage thermoforming and press hardening process for the production of sectional press-hardened sheet metal components with heated tool areas.
  • a further aspect of the invention provides that the hardening is terminated only in a third tool stage, after which the sheet metal component completely has a cooling temperature below 200 ° C.
  • the cycle time of the press with a Umformwerkmaschinemaschine and a second tool stage and a third tool stage, and thus in a three-stage temporal successive process, between its upper reversal point and its lower reversal point between 3 and 9 seconds.
  • a mechanical crank or eccentric press or a servo-electric press wherein in the case of the mechanical press the reversal points are passed through without substantial interruption of the press movement.
  • a holding time by press standstill can be advantageously eliminated.
  • the press has several tool stages, a press ram and a press table, and can be used in particular for carrying out the method described above.
  • at least one tool stage is an at least partially coolable forming tool stage for the hot forming of sheet metal blanks, which comprises an upper tool and a lower tool, which form a mold cavity in a closed state.
  • the press is characterized in that at least one elastic actuator is arranged between press table and lower tool, so that either the lower tool can be raised relative to the press table, and / or the upper tool can be pressurized at a distance relative to the press ram, to produce the closed state of the Umformtechnikmaschinemat before the press is fully closed, wherein the upper tool and the lower tool have cooling channels, whereby a cooling medium is conductive.
  • the lower tool and / or the upper tool of the press table or press ram is spaced at least until the lower reversal point of the press is reached.
  • the distance is adjustable by the elastic actuator and decreases during the hot forming and preferably during a time portion of the holding time in the closed state of the upper tool and lower tool.
  • a one-sided elastic actuator is sufficient. It is also conceivable, on both sides, therefore between the upper tool and press ram and between the lower tool and press table to provide appropriate actuators. If at the same time or after hot forming a trimming or punching takes place in the Umformwerkmaschine, it is also conceivable to provide a storable on an elastic actuator cutting means.
  • a vertical travel is adjustable by the elastic actuator, wherein the travel is less than the maximum Pressenhubweg between the upper and lower reversal points of the press, but at least 100 mm.
  • the predetermined by the press drive speed during the closing movement and during the upward movement of the press it is thus advantageously possible to extend the holding time by contact between the sheet metal blank, upper tool and lower tool.
  • the elastic actuator has a force that increases at least over a part of a travel from the upper reversal point to the lower reversal point of the press, in particular the restoring force is at least 20 percent greater in the closed state of Umformtechnikmaschineeckm, whereby the contact and contact pressure between the tool stage and the sheet metal component increases and thus a high heat transfer or the fast Achieving at least a desired quenching temperature of the sheet metal component is possible.
  • At least the Umformwerkmaschine is partially heated by a heat source to effect in a first section a reduced cooling rate in the sheet metal component, wherein unheated areas have cooling channels for carrying a cooling medium.
  • this is in the unheated area of the tool stage, a temperature near room temperature, in any case, but below 200 ° C adjustable. Due to the heat source, a temperature between 650 and 450 ° C can be set in the heated area.
  • the upper tool and the lower tool are provided for cooling the shaped sheet metal component during the holding time with different cooling rate and thereby to different quenching temperature or to keep at these temperatures.
  • a first section with a lower tensile strength and at least a second section with high strength are thus adjustable in the sheet-metal component.
  • both the Umformwerkmaschine and at least the subsequent second tool stage regions in particular by a heating source, is heated to at least not completely hardened sheet metal component in a first section. This results in the same features and advantages as above in the method for producing only partially hardened sheet metal components for the second tool stage has already been performed.
  • the unheated region of the second tool stage may have an active cooling source at least corresponding to a transition section between the first section and the second section of the sheet metal component.
  • the cooling source serves to reduce a heat transfer between the underschlich tempered sections of the sheet metal blank to ensure the narrowest possible transition section. This has the advantage that designers have to consider only a small area in the design of sheet metal parts, especially for the automotive industry, which no mechanical parameters directly assigned or for which no mechanical characteristics can be guaranteed. It is also ensured that the second area has a homogeneous distribution of the structure and the mechanical properties throughout.
  • the cooling source can be formed by the cooling medium itself, and / or comprise a heat exchanger arranged outside the press, which is in operative connection with the cooling medium and the cooling channels of at least the Umformwerkmaschine.
  • the sheet metal component is preferably also in the third tool stage form-fitting fixable by fixing. This results in a uniformity of the pressing force in all tool stages for the press according to the invention and in particular prevents the press table and press ram are aligned unevenly to each other.
  • FIG. 1 1 shows a longitudinal section of a press 1 according to the invention with two tool stages, the forming tool stage 2 and a second tool stage 3.
  • An initially unshaped sheet metal blank 26 first passes through the forming tool stage 2 and then the second tool stage 3 for forming into a sheet metal component 27.
  • the press 1 has a press ram 6 and a press table 5, wherein arranged on the press table 5 two clamping plates 10 are.
  • Each clamping plate 10 further comprises a plurality of elastic actuators 7, which extend from the clamping plate 10 in the direction of press ram 6, wherein on the press table 5 opposite ends of the press ram 6, a tool clamping plate 9 is fixed.
  • the clamping plates 10 are each fixed via clamping elements 31 on the press table 5.
  • the tool clamping plates 9 are fixed to the press table 5 facing away from the ends of the actuators 7.
  • a lower tool 12 is fixed via clamping elements 31 ', which comprises the forming tool stage 2 and the second tool stage 3.
  • an upper tool 11 is fixed to the press ram 6, wherein a sheet metal blank 26 can be arranged between the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 12.
  • Both upper tool 11 and lower tool 12 have cooling channels 17, whereby a cooling medium 18 can be conducted.
  • the lower tool 12 on guide elements 32 ' which are designed to be insertable in a corresponding guide recess 32.
  • the guide elements 32 'and guide recesses 32 are formed corresponding to each other and allow the guide of the upper tool 12 and the lower tool 11 to each other.
  • the elastic actuators 7 are in FIG. 1 designed as pneumatic spring assemblies, ie it is acted upon by gas pressure actuators 7, which are actively controlled. Shown here is the state of the press in the upper reversal point OP, it being noted that the elastic actuators 7 raise the lower tool 12 relative to the press table 5, whereby the path of the closing movement Y of the Umformtechnikmaschine 2 and the second tool stage 3 is shorter than the Pressenhubweg between upper reversal point OP and lower reversal point UP of the press 1.
  • FIG. 2a shows a further embodiment of the press 1 according to the invention, wherein the press 1 two tool stages, but here shown in longitudinal section only the double falling forming tool stage 2, has. Behind the Forming tool stage 2 is not shown, the second likewise falling falling tool stage 3, which receive the already hot-formed in the forming stage 2 sheet metal blanks 26 and continue to cool.
  • double falling means that in the tool stage, two components can be thermoformed and cooled simultaneously in a press cycle.
  • the variant of the FIG. 1 Are also designed as an elastic actuator 7 mechanical spring assemblies 8, here as a plurality of coil springs.
  • the press 1 in the second embodiment additional cutting means 33 on the upper tool 11 and cutting means 33 on the lower tool 12, which serve to trim the deformed sheet metal plate or the sheet metal component 27 in the still warm and uncured state.
  • an edge trimming is carried out here, whereby, as an example, the upper cutting means 33 'are fixed via elastic actuators 34 on the upper tool 11.
  • the elastic actuators 34 like the actuators 7, may be active or passive.
  • the lower cutting means 33 are firmly and immovably connected to the lower tool 12.
  • a reverse connection of the cutting means 33, 33 'to the forming tool stage 2 is also possible.
  • On the left in the image plane it is shown by way of example that the cutting means 33 are firmly but interchangeably connected to the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 12.
  • the same type of connection can be made for both the right and the left halves of the forming tool stage 2.
  • FIG. 2b shows a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the press 1 by the Umformwerkmaschineshi 2, which in turn here on the mechanical spring assembly 8 is arranged movable relative to the press table 5.
  • the cooling channels 17 extend over the entire longitudinal extent of the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 12, wherein (not shown here) an inlet and outlet of the cooling channels 17 to a cooling source 19, for example in the form of a heat exchanger outside the Forming tool stage 2, preferably also outside the press 1, is located.
  • FIG. 3 shows in a longitudinal section an alternative embodiment of the press 1 according to the invention with a Umformwerkmaschine 2 and a temporally in the process subsequent second tool stage 3.
  • elastic actuators 7 are arranged in the form of mechanical spring assemblies 8 .
  • the remote from the press table 5 ends of the elastic actuators 7 are coupled to a tool clamping plate 9, which in turn connected to the lower tool 12 or is an integral part of the lower tool 12.
  • both upper tool 11 and lower tool 12 have cooling channels 17 for the passage of a cooling medium 18.
  • FIG. 4a shows in the center of the image on the left is the press in the upper reversing point OP, right at the time when the Umformwerkmaschine 2 just the sheet metal blank 26 completely in the mold cavity 13 between the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 12 and the hot forming takes place.
  • the lower tool 12 is still fully raised by the elastic actuators 7 at this time.
  • the closing movement Y of the press 1 is continued continuously.
  • the travel W7 is the proportion of the Pressenhubweg, starting from the upper reversal point UP of the press, the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 12 are moved towards each other until the Umformwerkmaschine 2 is completely closed to form a mold cavity 13.
  • FIG. 4b is again shown on the left the time in which the press 1 is in the upper reversal point OP, but the press 1 is now shown on the right at the time in which just the lower reversal point UP is passed through or adjustable by the actuators 7 distance A between the lower tool 12 and press table 5 is minimal.
  • the press stroke W1 is the distance traveled by the press 1 from its upper reversing point OP to its lower reversing point UP.
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant of a Umformwerkmaschine 2 of the press 1 according to the invention for producing partially cured Sheet metal components 27.
  • the forming tool stage 2 comprises an upper tool 11 and a lower tool 12, which each have an unheated area 22 and a heated area 21. Through the unheated region 22 extending cooling channels 17 for the passage of a cooling medium 18, wherein the cooling channels 17 are connected such that the cooling medium 18 can be supplied from the Umformtechnikmaschinemaschine 2 to the outside in a cooling source, not shown, for example, a heat exchanger.
  • the heated areas 21 are formed in this embodiment as mold inserts 15 and connected to the unheated areas 22 fixed but interchangeable.
  • a heat source 14 are used here by gas burners or electrical resistance heated heating cartridges.
  • the forming tool stage 2 can be coupled via the clamping plate 10 on the press ram 6 and additionally via the tool clamping plate 9 and elastic actuators 7 on the press table 5 or on the clamping plate 10 fixed thereto.
  • FIG. 6 In contrast to the aforementioned embodiment in FIG. 5 are in FIG. 6 a segmented upper tool 11 and lower tool 12 formed for producing partially hardened sheet metal components.
  • a heated area 21 is arranged as a separate mold segment 16 separated by an insulation 20 from the unheated area 22 in the upper tool 11 and in the lower tool 12. This serves the more energy-efficient utilization of the heat sources 14 and cooling sources.
  • the microstructure transformation in martensite in the second section as well as in ferrite and / or perlite in the first section is thereby prepared. Between the first and second section there is a narrow transition section 30 with later relatively indefinite mechanical properties.
  • FIGS. 7a and 7b a further embodiment of the entire press 1 for producing partially hardened sheet metal components 27th shown.
  • Figure 7a a longitudinal section through the press 1 shown. It comprises the forming tool stage 2 according to FIG. 6 and a second, partially heated tool stage 3 with fixing elements 24 for particular positive reception of the sheet metal component (not shown) and heated by heat sources 14 areas 21 in the form of another mold segment 16.
  • the mold segment 16 may be formed identical in the Umformmaschinemaschineshim 2, or at least be designed stronger or more robust than in the second tool stage 3 with respect to the material, the material quality, the heat capacity or the temperature resistance.
  • dashed lines indicate a transfer bar 25 and in the forming tool stage 2 gripper recesses 25 'which serve, when the sheet metal component 27 is removed, to approach grippers (not shown), which are connected to the transfer bar 25, as early as possible to the sheet metal component, without colliding with the lower tool 12 during the upward movement Z.
  • the second tool stage 3 is followed in terms of time, a further tool stage 4, which primarily serves the further cooling of the sheet metal component.
  • a further tool stage 4 which primarily serves the further cooling of the sheet metal component.
  • the cooling itself can by not shown cooling sources, for example by air ventilation, air or cooling medium shower or by immersion according to German patent DE 10 2005 028 010 B3 take place by a part of the third tool stage 4 with the sheet metal component 27 is immersed in the cooling medium.
  • each tool stage formed doppel fallend has two tools respectively in the Umformwerkmaschinestinum 2, the second tool stage 3 and the third tool stage 4.
  • the transfer bar for transporting the metal sheet or the sheet metal component in the tool stages 2, 3, 4 in or out of these.
  • a heating device 35 is indicated, in which the sheet metal plates 26 are heated at least in sections to Ac3 temperature.
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b an alternative embodiment of the entire press 1 for producing partially hardened sheet metal components 27 is shown in FIG. 8a as a longitudinal section and in FIG. 8b as a horizontal section through the lower tools 12.
  • the third tool stage 4 ' is arranged separately in another press 36, which has the advantage that the final cooling of the high press cycle can be decoupled and in the press 1 more space for the Umformtechnikmaschine 2 and second tool stage 3 remains.
  • a triple-falling forming tool stage 2 and a triple-falling second tooling stage 3 and a heating device 35 in front of the press 1 are shown here.
  • One of the sheet-metal components 27 produced is shown in the third tool stage 4 ', wherein the first section 28 and the second section 29 as well as the transition section 30 can be seen with different mechanical properties and different microstructure adapted to the component insert described above.
  • the sheet metal component 27 as shown here in the embodiment according to FIG. 7 make like that.
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b The time-temperature profiles of the sheet metal blank 26 or sheet metal components 27 assigned during the execution of the method according to the invention are assigned to the last two variants.
  • a transfer takes place within 2 seconds from the heating device 35 into the forming tool stage 2 of the press 1. Then the closing movement of the press and the tool begins until the forming tool stage 2 is completely closed and the sheet metal blank 26 to the sheet metal component 27 is hot worked. Then, the first holding time t 2 ' begins to cool the sheet metal component while the press 1 performs the lower reversing point UP and starts the upward movement. During the upward movement, the forming tool stage 2 is opened with a delay, wherein the sheet metal component 27 has cooled to different cooling temperatures T 1.1 and T 1.2 due to the different temperatures and / or tool material properties.
  • FIG. 9a corresponds to the embodiment of the press according to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9b with the embodiment according to the FIGS. 7a and 7b , It can be seen that the cooling at the cooling time t 6 in FIG. 9a lasts longer than in FIG. 9b because the last process is time-bound with the press 1.
  • the cooling temperature T 3.1 and T 3.2 has closely approximated and is below 200 ° C in both sections.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP15181420.9A 2014-08-26 2015-08-18 Procede et presse pour fabriquer au moins en partie des composants de tole durcis Active EP2993241B1 (fr)

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DE102014112244.5A DE102014112244A1 (de) 2014-08-26 2014-08-26 Verfahren und Presse zur Herstellung wenigstens abschnittsweise gehärteter Blechbauteile

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WO2019137910A1 (fr) * 2018-01-10 2019-07-18 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Procédé de fabrication d'un module en tôle d'acier
WO2021102573A1 (fr) 2019-11-26 2021-06-03 Magna International Inc. Ensemble d'outillage d'estampage à chaud et procédé de formation d'une pièce présentant des propriétés de trempe adaptées
DE102020207115B3 (de) 2020-06-05 2021-09-30 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Prozessanordnung zur Herstellung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten Stahlblechbauteils

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EP3015183B1 (fr) * 2014-11-03 2019-09-04 Peter Amborn Presse de déformation d'une ébauche plate en métal ayant deux parties de bâti pouvant se déplacer l'une sur l'autre
EP3034192A1 (fr) * 2014-12-18 2016-06-22 Autotech Engineering, A.I.E. Outil pour former des composants structurels à chaud
EP3067129A1 (fr) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-14 Autotech Engineering, A.I.E. Systèmes et procédés de presse
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CN105905168A (zh) * 2016-04-22 2016-08-31 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 侧围外板的制造方法
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DE102016125510B3 (de) 2016-12-22 2018-04-12 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Warmgeformtes metallisches Blechbauteil sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Öffnung in einem solchen Blechbauteil
CN108856430B (zh) * 2017-05-25 2019-12-13 四川成飞集成科技股份有限公司 一种汽车金属配件生产用多工位冲压装置
US10697035B2 (en) * 2017-10-03 2020-06-30 Ford Motor Company 3-D printed cooling channels to produce PHS parts with tailored properties
PL3720624T3 (pl) * 2017-12-07 2024-03-11 GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH Prasa i sposób obróbki plastycznej na gorąco i hartowanie płytek z blachy
KR102052931B1 (ko) * 2017-12-29 2019-12-11 주식회사 엠에스 오토텍 핫스탬핑 금형 장치
JP7063074B2 (ja) * 2018-04-11 2022-05-09 トヨタ紡織株式会社 プレス加工装置
DE202019000828U1 (de) * 2019-02-20 2020-02-24 Rolf Espe Presspolster mit hoher Federwirkung auf metallischer Basis für die Beschichtung von Holzwerkstoffplatten und Herstellung von Kunststoffplatten in hydraulischen Ein- und Mehretagenheizpressen.
JP7172832B2 (ja) * 2019-04-23 2022-11-16 日本製鉄株式会社 熱間プレス成形品の製造方法
EP4045205B1 (fr) * 2019-10-14 2023-03-08 Autotech Engineering, S.L. Systèmes et procédés de presse
KR20220013098A (ko) * 2020-07-24 2022-02-04 주식회사 포스코 다단 공정용 열간 프레스 성형 부재의 제조 방법 및 장치
EP4392191A1 (fr) * 2021-08-24 2024-07-03 Magna International Inc Procédé de fabrication de pièces de véhicule

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WO2019137910A1 (fr) * 2018-01-10 2019-07-18 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Procédé de fabrication d'un module en tôle d'acier
WO2021102573A1 (fr) 2019-11-26 2021-06-03 Magna International Inc. Ensemble d'outillage d'estampage à chaud et procédé de formation d'une pièce présentant des propriétés de trempe adaptées
EP4065296A4 (fr) * 2019-11-26 2023-12-13 Magna International Inc Ensemble d'outillage d'estampage à chaud et procédé de formation d'une pièce présentant des propriétés de trempe adaptées
DE102020207115B3 (de) 2020-06-05 2021-09-30 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Prozessanordnung zur Herstellung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten Stahlblechbauteils

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ES2828966T3 (es) 2021-05-28
CN105478559A (zh) 2016-04-13
US20160059295A1 (en) 2016-03-03
EP2993241B1 (fr) 2020-10-07
DE102014112244A1 (de) 2016-03-03

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