EP2977156B1 - Procede de fabrication de bois de resonance - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de bois de resonance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2977156B1
EP2977156B1 EP15177045.0A EP15177045A EP2977156B1 EP 2977156 B1 EP2977156 B1 EP 2977156B1 EP 15177045 A EP15177045 A EP 15177045A EP 2977156 B1 EP2977156 B1 EP 2977156B1
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Prior art keywords
phase
wood
treated
workpieces
slats
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2977156A1 (fr
Inventor
Mario Dr. Zauer
Robert Sprossmann
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Technische Universitaet Dresden
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Technische Universitaet Dresden
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • B27K5/009—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C using a well-defined temperature schedule
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0095—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by employing wrappers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing tonewood and its use for the production of musical instruments, in particular of necks, covers, frames and floors of guitars and bass guitars.
  • tonewood also sound wood
  • Mainly wood is used, which has grown slowly and thus has tight annual rings.
  • the wood used must be grown as straight as possible and have few branches.
  • the speed of sound of the wood used should be as high as possible.
  • the wood used to make tonewood is stored and air-dried over a period of several years or decades to ensure that as much of the wood's stresses as possible have been removed.
  • native woods of spruce, Douglas fir, pine or red cedar are used for the production of the sound box and the covers of stringed and plucked instruments.
  • exotic wood species such as wenge, mahogany, rosewood, bubinga, West Indian shrimp or Canadian maple are used to produce tonewood because of their high strength, stiffness and dimensional stability compared to native wood species such as spruce or maple.
  • thermowood is also used in the literature for wood treated in this way.
  • Thermowood is used at temperatures above thermally treated by 160 ° C, because the wood is to achieve a high biological durability. It is mainly made for outdoor or wet indoor use (eg sauna, bathroom).
  • the wood must have a high resistance to wood-destroying fungi and insects. These properties are only achieved when wood is treated above 180 to 220 ° C.
  • the wood embrittles as a result of degradation processes on the cell wall components.
  • thermal shrinkage stresses cause cracks between the cells and in the cell wall.
  • the strength values sink in the known thermal treatment methods.
  • the DE 32 29 826 A1 relates to a treatment method for freshly felled natural wood for quality improvement, in which the natural wood is watered and then dried. Drying is carried out under normal conditions for a period of at least one week, in particular four weeks.
  • the treated natural wood is used for making tonewoods, doors or window frames.
  • the US 2003/0084962 A1 describes a process for producing modified wood in which the wood is subjected to high-pressure steam treatment at temperatures of 120 to 200 ° C for 1 to 60 minutes. The wood pieces to be treated are exposed directly and without wrapping a high-pressure steam atmosphere.
  • thermally modified wood is a wood in which the cell wall structure of the material and its physical properties are changed under the influence of temperatures above 160 ° C and conditions with reduced oxygen supply.
  • the wood is influenced so that at least some properties of the wood are permanently changed over the entire cross section.
  • TMH The known technologies in the production of TMH are mainly characterized by the manner of reducing the oxygen concentration.
  • the processes used in the industry use atmospheres of hot air and / or hot steam or hot nitrogen or a bath of hot oil.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method which makes it possible to use indigenous wood species for the production of tonewood, which have the necessary resonance quality, dimensional stability, rigidity, strength and hardness.
  • the process and the manufacturing process, including the hitherto technologically necessary storage, should be significantly shortened in order to reduce the manufacturing costs and the energy requirement and to improve the availability of the thus created clay wood due to the increased demand.
  • the native wood species used for the production of tonewood such as beech, maple, spruce or ash are cut after the impact.
  • tonewood such as beech, maple, spruce or ash are cut after the impact.
  • usual standard dimensions such. B. 900 mm x mm 200 x 30 mm used.
  • the cut boards are stored in a climate chamber spaced from each other.
  • the moisture content of the boards is between 8 and 22%.
  • the air conditioning which serves the uniform, defined moisture penetration with a wood moisture of 8% to 22% and the temperature of the boards over the entire cross section and the entire length of the boards, takes place at temperatures between 20 ° C and 30 ° C, preferably at 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 45% to 65%, preferably from 50% to 60%, particularly preferably from 55%.
  • the duration of the air conditioning depends on the mass / volume and the moisture content / equilibrium moisture content of the untreated wood introduced into the climatic chamber and is 12 to 48 hours.
  • the air-conditioned wood is removed from the climatic chamber.
  • the individual boards are subsequently sealed with suitable means to prevent or reduce the access of oxygen from the atmosphere.
  • the seal prevents dispensing the resulting acetic acid, which serves as a catalyst for the change reactions on the cell wall components (eg hemicelluloses).
  • the sealing takes place by form-fitting wrapping with a flexible material, such as a film, a hose or a tubular bag, which substantially corresponds to the shape of the wood sections to be treated.
  • a thermally resistant and pressure-stable film, for. B. made of silicone, which conforms form-fitting.
  • the completion of the wood from the ambient atmosphere creates the technological conditions for the subsequent process stages.
  • the preferred form-fitting enclosure ensures that no dead space is created.
  • the seal prevents extreme drying, since no water vapor can be removed. Accordingly, no shrinkage process takes place during treatment due to water vapor discharge, which fails to crack in the wood.
  • the air is evacuated from the thermal envelope with suitable means and the envelope sealed gas-tight.
  • phase I a first, successive heating of the interior of the heat treatment chamber and the stored wood stored therein to a treatment temperature of 140 ° C.
  • the heating is carried out continuously at a heating rate of 5 K / hour.
  • phase I is completed after about 20 to 30 hours, depending on the mass / volume of the wood to be treated. Due to the gentle and even heating of the entire volume of the board, in particular thermal stress gradients across the board cross-section are avoided.
  • a first heat treatment at a constant treatment temperature of 140 ° C over a period of 2 to 6 hours, preferably 4 hours.
  • the amorphous regions are reduced by elimination of hydroxyl groups and by crosslinking reactions within the wood components (eg hemicelluloses).
  • Phase is a second, successive heating to a treatment temperature of 150 ° C to 160 ° C, preferably of 155 ° C.
  • the heat treatment is preferably carried out at a constant heating rate of 5 K / hour.
  • this phase the plasticization of lignin occurs.
  • This III. Phase is completed after about 4 hours.
  • Phase IV a second heat treatment is carried out at a constant treatment temperature, which was reached at the end of Phase III.
  • the treatment temperature is kept constant for a period of about 10 hours.
  • the hemicelluloses or the amorphous areas of the cellulose are degraded and restructured.
  • acetic acid acts as a catalyst for the further conversion and degradation processes on the wood cell wall components.
  • phase V a first, successive cooling of the woods to be treated to a treatment temperature of 130 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably from 140 ° C. To avoid voltage anomalies or stress cracks, it is preferable to treat at a constant cooling temperature of 5 K / hour. In this phase, gentle hardening of the lignin occurs.
  • phase VI After reaching the desired treatment temperature follows phase VI, in which the woods undergo a first conditioning phase at a treatment temperature of 130 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably of 140 ° C.
  • This annealing phase serves to balance the stress in the wood matrix.
  • the conditioning phase is completed in about 4 hours.
  • the woods to be treated in a second successive cooling phase to a temperature of 20 ° C to 30 ° C, preferably cooled to 25 ° C.
  • the cooling process is preferably carried out continuously at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour. This phase is used to gently and evenly cool the boards over the entire board cross section to avoid thermal stress peaks.
  • the treated woods are removed in their sealed, gas-tight envelope from the heat treatment chamber and there is a second evacuation of the located in the cells, resulting from the treatment and z. T. poisonous gases (eg Methanal and Furfural). Furthermore, it significantly reduces the smoky odor typical of thermally treated wood in a short time.
  • T. poisonous gases eg Methanal and Furfural
  • the wood remains in the sealed state at temperatures above room temperature, preferably stored in the range between 20 ° C and 30 ° C, more preferably stored at 25 ° C over a period of 24 hours.
  • This phase serves the final and complete moisture balance in the entire volume of the board.
  • another advantage of the innovative method is that the strengths are significantly increased, because during the treatment mainly conversion processes take place on the cell wall components. These are mainly reorientations and restructuring of cell wall components. Furthermore, in contrast to the previous methods, the material fatigue of the treated wood is reduced when using the instruments made therefrom as intended.
  • the wood loses some of its mass, since at the chosen treatment temperatures, water of formation splits off, which advantageously leads to additional cross-linking between the cell wall components.
  • the thermal treatment represents a shortened aging process. Wood deposited for decades has similar properties. The treatment significantly increases the resonance quality. Comparable wood, which has not been subjected to treatment, can only obtain these resonance qualities if it has been deposited for at least 50 years (natural wood aging). Through the innovative process, a permanent and immediate availability of Tonholz for the production of musical instruments or their parts can be secured.
  • the innovative treatment advantageously reduces growth stresses and drying stresses in the wood structure, since the lignin, as a matrix component in the wood, changes to the plastic state during the treatment, as a result of which both the individual cells and the cellulose fibrils can reorient themselves against one another.
  • the treated wood is also dimensionally stable against hygrischen environmental influences, since the lignin deposits during the treatment on the surface of the cell lumen and thus seals the cell wall of the wood cells against water vapor entry.
  • the used blank from beech is moistened and then reshaped according to the final contour (bending).
  • the blanks are stored in the deformed state in a climate chamber spaced from each other.
  • the moisture content is 18%.
  • the treatment is used for uniform air conditioning and takes place at 21 ° C and 56% relative humidity, so that sets a wood moisture of 10%.
  • the duration of treatment is 20 hours.
  • the individual frame blanks preferably sealed in a form-fixing device, with a thermally resistant and pressure-resistant plastic film made of silicone form-fitting and airtight.
  • the air is evacuated from the thermal envelope with a vacuum pump and sealed the envelope gas-tight.
  • the transfer of the wrapped blanks takes place in a heat chamber.
  • the woods to be treated undergo a multi-phase temperature regime:
  • phase I a first, successive heating of the interior of the heat treatment chamber and the enclosed frame blanks stored therein takes place at a treatment temperature of 140.degree. The heating takes place continuously at a heating rate of 5 K / hour.
  • Phase II the first heat treatment with a constant treatment temperature of 140 ° C over a period of 4 hours.
  • Phase III a second, successive heating to a treatment temperature of 158 ° C at a heating rate of 5 K / hour over a period of 3 hours.
  • Phase IV a second heat treatment is carried out at a constant treatment temperature of 158 ° C over a period of about 10 hours.
  • phase V a first successive cooling to a treatment temperature of 140 ° C at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour.
  • phase VI a heat treatment at a constant treatment temperature of 140 ° C over a period of 4 hours.
  • the woods to be treated are cooled in a second successive cooling phase to a temperature of 25 ° C continuously at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour.
  • the treated frame blanks are removed from the heat treatment chamber in their sealed, gas-tight envelope, and a second evacuation is carried out by means of a vacuum pump.
  • the treated Zargenrohlinge remain in the sealed state at a temperature of 25 ° C.
  • the blanks are removed from the seal and the mold fixing and the usual finishing to the finished guitar frame.
  • the blanks (boards: 300 mm x 30 mm x 920 mm - tangential x radial x longitudinal) made of beech are stored in a climate chamber spaced from each other.
  • the moisture content is 15%.
  • the treatment is used for uniform air conditioning and takes place at 22 ° C and 50% relative humidity, so that sets a wood moisture of 9%.
  • the duration of treatment is 20 hours.
  • the individual neck blanks are sealed positively and airtight with a thermally resistant and pressure-resistant plastic film.
  • the air is evacuated from the thermal envelope with a vacuum pump and sealed the envelope gas-tight.
  • the transfer of the wrapped neck blanks takes place in a heat chamber.
  • the woods to be treated undergo the following multi-phase temperature regime:
  • phase I a first, successive heating of the interior of the heat treatment chamber and the encased, encased blanks stored therein takes place at a treatment temperature of 140.degree. The heating takes place continuously at a heating rate of 5 K / hour. Phase I is completed after 24. In Phase II, the first heat treatment with a constant treatment temperature of 140 ° C over a period of 4 hours.
  • Phase III a second, successive heating to a treatment temperature of 155 ° C at a heating rate of 5 K / hour over a period of 3 hours.
  • phase IV a second heat treatment is carried out at a constant treatment temperature of 155 ° C over a period of about 6 hours.
  • phase V is a first successive cooling to a treatment temperature of 130 ° C at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour.
  • phase VI a heat treatment at a constant treatment temperature of 130 ° C over a period of 4 hours.
  • the neck blanks to be treated are cooled in a second successive cooling phase to a temperature of 22 ° C continuously at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour.
  • the treated neck blanks are removed in their sealed, gas-tight envelope from the heat treatment chamber and by means of a vacuum pump is a second evacuation. Subsequently, the removal of the treated blanks from the envelope and the further processing is done to bass guitar necks.
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a fingerboard for electric guitars, which is made from a blank treated according to the invention.
  • the blanks (boards: 70 mm x 8 mm x 500 mm (tangential x radial x longitudinal) from white beech are moistened with steam at 101 ° C.
  • the blanks are then transferred to a hydraulically operated press and reduced by 25% to 6 mm in Then, the radially reduced blank is transferred into a shape fixation and fixed so that the reduced dimension in the radial direction is maintained.
  • the form-fixed blanks are stored spaced from each other.
  • the moisture content is 30%.
  • the treatment is for uniform air conditioning and takes place at 20 ° C and 45% relative humidity, so that sets a wood moisture of 8%.
  • the duration of treatment is 48 hours.
  • the individual molded blanks are sealed positively and airtight with a thermally resistant and pressure-resistant plastic film made of silicone.
  • the air is evacuated from the thermal envelope with a vacuum pump and sealed the envelope gas-tight.
  • the transfer of the wrapped takes place Blanks in a heat chamber.
  • the woods to be treated undergo the following temperature regime:
  • phase I a first, successive heating of the interior of the heat treatment chamber and the stored, molded-preformed blanks therein is carried out to a treatment temperature of 140.degree. The heating takes place continuously at a heating rate of 5 K / hour. Phase I is completed after 24 hours.
  • Phase II the first heat treatment is carried out at a constant treatment temperature of 140 ° C over a period of 3 hours.
  • phase III a second, successive heating to a treatment temperature of 160 ° C at a heating rate of 5 K / hour over a period of 4 hours.
  • Phase IV a second heat treatment with a constant treatment temperature of 160 ° C over a period of about 9.5 hours.
  • phase V a first successive cooling to a treatment temperature of 140 ° C at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour.
  • phase VI a heat treatment with a constant treatment temperature of 140 ° C over a period of 2 hours.
  • the blanks to be treated are cooled in a second successive cooling phase to a temperature of 20 ° C continuously at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour.
  • the treated fretboard blanks are removed from the heat treatment chamber in their sealed, gas-tight envelope, and a second evacuation is carried out by means of a vacuum pump. Thereafter, the treated Zargenrohlinge remain in the sealed state at a temperature of 20 ° C. Subsequently, the removal of the treated fretboard blanks from the seal and the further processing to a fretboard for electric guitars.
  • Fig. 4 shows a drum boiler from interconnected, according to the invention produced individual segments.
  • the blanks used (boards: 52 mm x 250 mm x 900 mm - tangential x radial x longitudinal) made of sycamore are stored in a climate chamber spaced from each other. The moisture content is 12%.
  • the treatment is used for uniform air conditioning and takes place at 22 ° C and 50% relative humidity, so that sets a wood moisture of 9%.
  • the duration of the air conditioning is 15 hours.
  • the individual blanks are sealed with a thermally resistant and pressure-resistant plastic film made of silicone form-fitting and airtight.
  • the air is evacuated from the thermal envelope with a vacuum pump and sealed the envelope gas-tight.
  • the transfer of the wrapped blanks takes place in a heat chamber.
  • the woods to be treated undergo the following temperature regime:
  • phase I a first, successive heating of the interior of the heat treatment chamber and the encased, encased blanks stored therein takes place at a treatment temperature of 130.degree. The heating takes place continuously at a heating rate of 5 K / hour.
  • Phase II the first heat treatment is carried out at a constant treatment temperature of 130 ° C over a period of 2 hours.
  • Phase III a second, successive heating to a treatment temperature of 150 ° C at a heating rate of 5 K / hour over a period of 2.5 hours.
  • Phase IV a second heat treatment is carried out at a constant treatment temperature of 150 ° C over a period of about 12 hours.
  • phase V is a first successive cooling to a treatment temperature of 130 ° C at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour.
  • phase VI a heat treatment at a constant treatment temperature of 130 ° C over a period of 2 hours.
  • the blanks to be treated are cooled in a second successive cooling phase to a temperature of 20 ° C continuously at a cooling rate of 5 K / hour.
  • the treated blanks are removed from the heat treatment chamber in their sealed, gas-tight envelope.
  • the treated blanks store in the sealed state at a temperature of 20 ° C. Subsequently, the removal of the treated blanks takes place from the envelope.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de bois de résonance pour la fabrication d'instruments de musique par utilisation de types de bois locaux de hêtre, d'épicéa, d'érable, de frêne commun, de sapin de Douglas, de pin, de cèdre rouge ou de charme, procédé dans lequel dans une première étape, les pièces, planchettes ou baguettes découpées sont stockées individuellement dans une chambre climatique et climatisées à des températures comprises entre 20 °C et 30 °C, de préférence à 25 °C et à une humidité relative de l'air de 45 % à 65 %, de préférence de 50 % à 60 %, de manière particulièrement préférée de 55 % jusqu'à une humidification uniforme avec une humidité du bois de 8 % à 22 %,
    dans une deuxième étape, les planchettes ou baguettes retirées de la chambre climatique sont enveloppées séparément à l'aide de moyens appropriés afin d'empêcher ou de réduire l'entrée d'oxygène provenant de l'atmosphère,
    dans une troisième étape, l'air est évacué hors de l'enveloppe à l'aide de moyens appropriés et l'enveloppe est fermée de manière étanche aux gaz,
    dans une quatrième étape, les planchettes ou baguettes se trouvant dans les enveloppes, qui ont été scellées et dans lesquelles on a fait le vide, sont traitées thermiquement dans une chambre de traitement thermique, les pièces passant par les phases suivantes :
    - dans une première phase on effectue un premier chauffage successif des pièces à traiter à une température de 140° C ± 10K ;
    - dans une deuxième phase on effectue un premier traitement thermique à une température de traitement constante de 140° C ± 10K pendant une durée de 2 à 6 heures ;
    - dans une troisième phase on effectue un deuxième chauffage successif à une température de traitement de 150 °C à 160 °C, de préférence de 152 °C à 158 °C ;
    - dans une quatrième phase on effectue un deuxième traitement thermique à une température de traitement constante, qui a été atteinte à la fin de la troisième étape, pendant une durée de jusqu'à 10 heures ;
    - dans une cinquième phase on effectue un premier refroidissement successif des pièces à traiter à une température de traitement de 130 °C à 150 °C, de préférence de 140 °C ;
    - dans une sixième phase on effectue un premier conditionnement des pièces à une température de traitement de 130 °C à 150 °C, de préférence de 140 °C ;
    - dans une septième phase on effectue un deuxième refroidissement successif des pièces à traiter à une température de 20 °C à 30 °C, de préférence à 25 °C ;
    dans une cinquième étape, une fois le traitement thermique terminé, les pièces traitées sont retirées de la chambre de traitement thermique dans leur enveloppe scellée étanche aux gaz et les baguettes ou planchettes enveloppées de manière étanche aux gaz sont éventuellement soumises à un vide pour évacuer les gaz et substances odorantes générés et les pièces traitées sont stockées à l'état scellé à des températures dans la plage comprise entre 18 °C et 30 °C, de manière particulièrement préférée à 25 °C, pendant une durée d'au moins 24 heures.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise, comme moyens pour envelopper les planchettes ou baguettes individuelles, des matériaux thermorésistants, stables à la pression et souples tels que des feuilles, des tuyaux ou des sacs tubulaires.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens utilisés pour envelopper les planchettes ou baguettes individuelles sont mises en forme avec complémentarité de formes.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour envelopper les planchettes ou baguettes individuelles comprennent des moyens de fermeture étanche aux gaz.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour envelopper les planchettes ou baguettes individuelles comprennent des moyens pour chasser l'air de l'espace intérieur.
  6. Utilisation de bois de résonance constitué de types de bois locaux de hêtre, d'épicéa, d'érable, de frêne commun, de sapin de Douglas, de pin, de cèdre rouge ou de charme, travaillés selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, pour la fabrication d'instruments de musique ou de parties de ceux-ci.
EP15177045.0A 2014-07-18 2015-07-16 Procede de fabrication de bois de resonance Active EP2977156B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014214047.1A DE102014214047B4 (de) 2014-07-18 2014-07-18 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tonholz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2977156A1 EP2977156A1 (fr) 2016-01-27
EP2977156B1 true EP2977156B1 (fr) 2018-08-29

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EP (1) EP2977156B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014214047B4 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3229826A1 (de) * 1982-08-11 1984-02-16 Hans-Jürgen 2000 Hamburg Schulz Behandlungsverfahren fuer frisch gefaelltes naturholz zur qualitaetsverbesserung bzw. beschleunigten alterung und verwendung desselben
JP3562517B2 (ja) * 2001-08-30 2004-09-08 ヤマハ株式会社 楽器およびその製造方法
CN101727885A (zh) * 2008-10-31 2010-06-09 株式会社河合乐器制作所 乐器用木质构件及其制造方法、响板制造***及方法

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EP2977156A1 (fr) 2016-01-27
DE102014214047A1 (de) 2016-01-21

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