EP2974796A2 - Cold gas spraying device - Google Patents

Cold gas spraying device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2974796A2
EP2974796A2 EP15002083.2A EP15002083A EP2974796A2 EP 2974796 A2 EP2974796 A2 EP 2974796A2 EP 15002083 A EP15002083 A EP 15002083A EP 2974796 A2 EP2974796 A2 EP 2974796A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cold gas
section
gas spraying
mixing chamber
spraying device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15002083.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2974796B1 (en
EP2974796A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Richter
Peter jun Richter
Leonhard HOLZGASSNER
Andreas GROPP
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IMPACT-Innovations-GmbH
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Impact Innovations GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2974796A2 publication Critical patent/EP2974796A2/en
Publication of EP2974796A3 publication Critical patent/EP2974796A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/1606—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air
    • B05B7/1613—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air comprising means for heating the atomising fluid before mixing with the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/162—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air comprising means for heating the atomising fluid before mixing with the material to be sprayed and heat being transferred from the atomising fluid to the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/1626—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air comprising means for heating the atomising fluid before mixing with the material to be sprayed and heat being transferred from the atomising fluid to the material to be sprayed at the moment of mixing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cold gas spraying device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Cold gas spraying is a coating process in which the coating material is in powder form and at very high speeds, in particular supersonic speed, onto a substrate, i. Carrier material or component is applied.
  • the powder particles of the coating material usually have particle diameters of 1 .mu.m to 250 .mu.m .
  • the powder particles are accelerated in a gas stream to speeds of 200 m / s to 1600 m / s by the powder particles are introduced into a mixing chamber arranged between a nozzle and a high-pressure gas heater, from the high-pressure gas heater, the process gas flows at a high speed in the mixing chamber , so that the introduced into the mixing chamber Powder particles are accelerated and heated by the gas flow.
  • Upon impact of the powder particles on the substrate increases by plastic deformation of the powder particles whose temperature to the extent that it comes to a melting of the powder particles and weld them to the surface of the substrate.
  • Laval nozzles In cold gas spraying guns are usually used with Laval nozzles having in the flow direction one behind the other a converging channel section, a narrowest channel section and a diverging channel section.
  • a cold gas spraying device according to the preamble of claim 1 is already known, in which a so-called wide-jet nozzle is used, ie the channel cross-section through widened in the direction of the outlet opening of the nozzle such that the outlet opening has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
  • Such broad jet nozzles have the advantage over nozzles with a circular outlet opening that surface coatings can be produced more uniformly and much more rapidly.
  • a disadvantage of known wide-jet nozzles of this type that the powder is not distributed within the nozzle with the desired uniformity across the width of the nozzle. Usually there is an accumulation of powder particles in the middle region, since the powder flows from the powder injection tube in the middle of the mixing chamber and from there in the middle of the Laval nozzles. As a result, the advantage of wide jet nozzles compared to nozzles with Round outlet during surface spraying again partially canceled.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a cold gas spraying device can be performed with the surface coating operations in a particularly effective and uniform manner.
  • a flow-guiding device is arranged in the mixing chamber, which urges the spray particle / gas mixture from a region near the longitudinal axis to the outside into a region of the mixing chamber close to the wall.
  • the flow guide causes an accumulation of powder particles can be effectively prevented in the central region of the flowed through nozzle channel. A "undersupply" of the edge areas with powder particles is therefore avoided.
  • the conical or wedge member has a rear taper or wedge portion with a rear tip or blade which faces an outlet port of the powder injection tube is executed.
  • the powder is passed particularly uniformly and continuously from the middle, ie, near the longitudinal axis, region of the mixing chamber in its edge region and thus laterally outwards into the edge regions of the flow channel of the Laval nozzle. It is particularly advantageous in this case if the extension of the longitudinal axis of the rear cone or wedge section passes through the center of the outlet opening of the powder injection tube.
  • the conical or wedge element has a front cone or wedge section which projects into the converging channel section of the Laval nozzle.
  • the powder conducted from the rear cone or wedge section into the peripheral region of the mixing chamber is also held in the converging channel section of the Laval nozzle in the peripheral region and smoothly directed into the peripheral regions of the narrowest channel section, which is already slit-shaped, i. whose width is greater than its height. From this narrowest channel section, the powder particles are distributed in a uniform manner over the entire cross section of the diverging channel section.
  • the flow guiding device comprises an outer sleeve in which the cone or wedge element is held centrally and at a distance by means of spoke-like struts.
  • the flow-guiding device can be fastened centrally in the spray gun in a particularly simple manner.
  • the inner diameter of the annular gap through which the spray particle / gas mixture flows is Area of the inlet cross-section of the converging channel portion of the Laval nozzle greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60% of the outer diameter of the annular gap. In other words, this means that more than 50%, preferably more than 60%, of the inlet cross section of the Laval nozzle is filled by the flow guide.
  • the front cone or wedge portion extends into the convergent duct section over a length of 50% to 90% of the length of the converging duct section.
  • the edge near forced guidance of the powder particles.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a cold gas spraying device according to the invention with a spray gun 1.
  • the spray gun 1 essentially comprises a Laval nozzle 2 and a mixing chamber element 3, at the front end of the Laval nozzle 2 is fixed.
  • front always denotes that side of the device or a part of this device which is directed toward the end region 4 of the Laval nozzle 2 which has an outlet opening 5.
  • back refers in the following to that side of the device or a part thereof which is directed towards the rear end region 7 of the mixing chamber element 3 which has an inlet opening 6 for hot gas.
  • Adjoining the rear end region 7 of the mixing chamber element 3 is an unillustrated high-pressure gas heater in order to heat the process gas to the required high temperatures, which are, however, below the melting temperature of pulverulent spray particles which are to be applied to a substrate (not shown) during cold gas spraying.
  • the heated gas is introduced in the direction of the arrow 8 in a through the mixing chamber member 3 axially extending cavity 9, which forms a mixing chamber 10 in the front region of the mixing chamber element 3.
  • a powder injection pipe 11 is inserted from the side, with which the powdery spray particles are used in the direction of the arrow 12 via a not shown Pulverzuschreibtechnisch, which are used for coating the substrate.
  • the powder injection tube 11 has a lateral outlet opening 13, via which the spray particles are introduced into the mixing chamber 10.
  • the outlet opening 13 is located on the longitudinal center axis of the mixing chamber 10 and the Laval nozzle 2 axially aligned therewith. Furthermore, the outlet opening 13 is arranged such that the exiting spray particles are directed forward, i. in the direction of the Laval nozzle 2, exit.
  • the Laval nozzle 2 has an elongated nozzle body 14, in which an axial, passing flow channel 15 is located centrally.
  • the flow channel 15 comprises, subsequent to the mixing chamber 10, a rear, converging channel section 16, an adjoining narrowest channel section 17 and an adjoining front, diverging channel section 18.
  • the converging channel section 16 has a rear inlet opening 19 with a circular cross-sectional area. From this inlet opening 19, the channel section 16 converges in the direction of the narrowest channel section 17, whereby the height h of the flow channel 15 is reduced considerably more than its width b.
  • the narrowest channel section 17 thus has a slot-like cross section whose width b1 is substantially greater than its height h1.
  • the flow channel 15 diverges again continuously in the direction of the outlet opening 5 to a slot-like cross section, which has a width b2 and a height h2.
  • the width b2 is in turn substantially larger than the height h2.
  • the height h2 is significantly greater than the height h1, while the width b2 is slightly larger than the width b1.
  • the slot-like cross-sectional shape of the flow channel 15 thus begins, viewed in the flow direction, already close behind the inlet opening 19 and extends over the entire length of the Laval nozzle 2 to the outlet opening fifth
  • Slit-like in the context of the present invention means that the cross-section of the flow channel 15 is greater in a first direction than in a second direction, which is arranged perpendicular to the first direction.
  • Preferred embodiments for slit-like cross-sectional shapes are rectangular or oval cross-sectional shapes. Depending on the application, however, other cross-sectional shapes are conceivable.
  • FIG. 1 is also apparent that in the mixing chamber 10, a flow guide 20 is arranged.
  • the flow-guiding device 20 serves to distribute the powder leaving the outlet opening 13 of the powder injection tube 11 uniformly, ie, the pulverulent spray particles, to the edge regions of the mixing chamber 10 and the flow channel 15, so that the spray particles emerge as evenly distributed over the cross section of the outlet opening 5 at the front end of the Laval nozzle 2.
  • the flow guide 20 will be described below with reference to the FIGS. 5 to 9 described in more detail.
  • the flow-guiding device 20 comprises a cone element 21, which is held centrally by means of spoke-shaped, radially extending struts 22 within and at a distance from a cylindrical outer sleeve 23.
  • the cone member 21 is formed in the present embodiment as a double cone member and includes a rear cone portion 24, a central cylindrical portion 25 and a front cone portion 26.
  • the tip of the rear cone portion 24 is directed rearwardly, while the tip of the front cone portion is directed forward ,
  • the tips of the cone sections 24, 26 lie on a common longitudinal axis 27, which coincides with the longitudinal central axis of the flow channel 15.
  • FIG. 6 it can be seen that three spoke-like struts 22 are provided, which are distributed over the circumference of the cone element 21 at an angular distance of 120 °.
  • the cone element 21 is held at a certain distance from the inner peripheral surface 28 of the outer sleeve 23.
  • a circumferential annular gap 29 is formed between the inner peripheral surface 28 and the cone element 21, wherein the annular gap 29 is interrupted only by the struts 22.
  • the struts 22 are only in the central, cylindrical portion 25 of the cone element 21 arranged.
  • the rear cone portion 24 extends rearwardly in the axial direction as far as the outer sleeve 23.
  • the flow guide 20 is inserted by means of the outer sleeve 23 in the front portion of the cavity 9 in the mixing chamber element 3 such that the outer sleeve 23 is completely within the mixing chamber element 3.
  • the axial position of the flow guide 20 is determined by means of a circumferential, radially projecting collar 31 which is clamped between a front end wall 32 of the mixing chamber element 3 and a rear end wall 33 of the Laval nozzle 2.
  • the rear tip 30 of the cone element 21 is directed towards the center of the outlet opening 13 of the powder injection tube and is located in a relatively short distance in front of this outlet opening 13.
  • the front cone section 26, however, projects into the converging channel section 16 of the Laval nozzle 2.
  • the front tip 34 of the front cone portion 26 is located relatively close to the narrowest channel portion 17th
  • the spray particles which emerge from the outlet opening 13 of the powder injection tube 11 and are guided into the mixing chamber 10, mix there intensively with the supplied gas. Spray particles and gas are urged by the rear cone portion 24 radially outward into the edge regions of the mixing chamber 10 and pushed through the annular gap 29 therethrough.
  • the inner diameter of the annular gap 29 through which the spray particle / gas mixture flows is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, particularly preferably greater than 70%, of the outer diameter in the region of the inlet cross section of the converging channel section 16, ie in the region of the inlet opening 19
  • the front cone portion 26 extends over a length of 50% to 90% of the length of the converging channel portion 16 in the converging channel section 16 inside.
  • a variety of variations is possible.
  • the number and arrangement of the struts 22 can vary.
  • only two or four struts can be arranged, which are at an angular distance of 180 ° or 90 ° apart.
  • a cone element 21 may also be provided a flow guide with an elliptical outer contour or a wedge element.
  • Such a wedge member may have a rear wedge portion with a rear edge and a front wedge portion with a front edge.
  • the flow guide with both a cone element and with a To equip wedge element.
  • Other forms of the flow guide which are adapted to the cross section of the converging channel portion 16, are possible.
  • the mixing chamber 10 is arranged in the flow direction in front of the Laval nozzle 2.
  • the mixing chamber 10 may be located within the Laval nozzle 2 and formed, for example, by a rear portion of the converging channel portion 16 of the Laval nozzle 2. This is particularly suitable when the powder injection tube 11 extends into the flow channel 15 of the Laval nozzle 2 or the outlet opening 13 of the powder injection tube 11 is at least in the immediate vicinity of the converging channel section 16.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

Bei einer Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung ist in einer Mischkammer (10) eine Strömungsleiteinrichtung (20) angeordnet, welche das Spritzpartikel/Gas-Gemisch von einem längsachsennahen Bereich nach außen in einen wandnahen Bereich der Mischkammer (10) drängt.In a cold gas spraying device, a flow-guiding device (20) is arranged in a mixing chamber (10), which urges the sprayed particle / gas mixture from a region close to the longitudinal axis to a region near the wall of the mixing chamber (10).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a cold gas spraying device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Beim Kaltgasspritzen handelt es sich um ein Beschichtungsverfahren, bei dem der Beschichtungswerkstoff in Pulverform vorliegt und mit sehr hohen Geschwindigkeiten, insbesondere Überschallgeschwindigkeit, auf ein Substrat, d.h. Trägermaterial bzw. Bauteil, aufgebracht wird.Cold gas spraying is a coating process in which the coating material is in powder form and at very high speeds, in particular supersonic speed, onto a substrate, i. Carrier material or component is applied.

Die Pulverpartikel des Beschichtungswerkstoffs weisen üblicherweise Partikeldurchmesser von 1 µm bis 250 µm auf. Die Pulverpartikel werden in einem Gasstrom auf Geschwindigkeiten von 200 m/s bis 1600 m/s beschleunigt, indem die Pulverpartikel in eine zwischen einer Düse und einem Hochdruckgaserhitzer angeordnete Mischkammer eingeleitet werden, wobei aus dem Hochdruckgaserhitzer das Prozessgas mit einer hohen Geschwindigkeit in die Mischkammer strömt, so dass die in die Mischkammer eingeleiteten Pulverpartikel durch den Gasstrom beschleunigt und aufgeheizt werden. Beim Aufprall der Pulverpartikel auf dem Substrat steigt durch plastische Verformung der Pulverpartikel deren Temperatur soweit an, dass es zu einem Anschmelzen der Pulverpartikel kommt und diese mit der Oberfläche des Substrats verschweißen.The powder particles of the coating material usually have particle diameters of 1 .mu.m to 250 .mu.m . The powder particles are accelerated in a gas stream to speeds of 200 m / s to 1600 m / s by the powder particles are introduced into a mixing chamber arranged between a nozzle and a high-pressure gas heater, from the high-pressure gas heater, the process gas flows at a high speed in the mixing chamber , so that the introduced into the mixing chamber Powder particles are accelerated and heated by the gas flow. Upon impact of the powder particles on the substrate increases by plastic deformation of the powder particles whose temperature to the extent that it comes to a melting of the powder particles and weld them to the surface of the substrate.

Beim Kaltgasspritzen werden üblicherweise Pistolen mit Lavaldüsen verwendet, die in Strömungsrichtung hintereinander einen konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt, einen engsten Kanalabschnitt und einen divergierenden Kanalabschnitt aufweisen.In cold gas spraying guns are usually used with Laval nozzles having in the flow direction one behind the other a converging channel section, a narrowest channel section and a diverging channel section.

Aus der EP 1 390 152 B1 ist bereits eine Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 bekannt, bei der eine sogenannte Breitstrahldüse verwendet wird, d.h. der durchströmte Kanalquerschnitt verbreitert sich in Richtung der Auslassöffnung der Düse derart, dass die Auslassöffnung eine rechteckige Querschnittform hat. Derartige Breitstrahldüsen haben gegenüber Düsen mit kreisförmiger Austrittsöffnung den Vorteil, dass flächige Beschichtungen gleichmäßiger und wesentlich schneller hergestellt werden können.From the EP 1 390 152 B1 a cold gas spraying device according to the preamble of claim 1 is already known, in which a so-called wide-jet nozzle is used, ie the channel cross-section through widened in the direction of the outlet opening of the nozzle such that the outlet opening has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. Such broad jet nozzles have the advantage over nozzles with a circular outlet opening that surface coatings can be produced more uniformly and much more rapidly.

Nachteilig ist bei bekannten Breitstrahldüsen dieser Art, dass das Pulver innerhalb der Düse nicht mit der gewünschten Gleichmäßigkeit über die Breite der Düse verteilt wird. Meist kommt es zu einer Anhäufung von Pulverpartikeln im mittleren Bereich, da das Pulver vom Pulverinjektionsrohr mittig in die Mischkammer und von dort mittig in die Lavaldüsen strömt. Hierdurch wird der Vorteil der Breitstrahldüsen im Vergleich zu Düsen mit runder Austrittsöffnung beim Flächenspritzen wieder teilweise aufgehoben.A disadvantage of known wide-jet nozzles of this type that the powder is not distributed within the nozzle with the desired uniformity across the width of the nozzle. Usually there is an accumulation of powder particles in the middle region, since the powder flows from the powder injection tube in the middle of the mixing chamber and from there in the middle of the Laval nozzles. As a result, the advantage of wide jet nozzles compared to nozzles with Round outlet during surface spraying again partially canceled.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der flächige Beschichtungsvorgänge auf besonders effektive und gleichmäßige Weise durchgeführt werden können.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a cold gas spraying device can be performed with the surface coating operations in a particularly effective and uniform manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved by a cold gas spraying device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the further claims.

Bei der Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung ist in der Mischkammer eine Strömungsleiteinrichtung angeordnet, welche das Spritzpartikel/Gas-Gemisch von einem längsachsennahen Bereich nach außen in einen wandnahen Bereich der Mischkammer drängt.In the cold gas spraying device, a flow-guiding device is arranged in the mixing chamber, which urges the spray particle / gas mixture from a region near the longitudinal axis to the outside into a region of the mixing chamber close to the wall.

Die Strömungsleiteinrichtung bewirkt, dass eine Anhäufung von Pulverpartikeln im mittleren Bereich des durchströmten Düsenkanals wirkungsvoll verhindert werden kann. Eine "Unterversorgung" der Randbereiche mit Pulverpartikel wird daher vermieden. Dies führt insbesondere bei Breitstrahldüsen, bei denen die Breite der Austrittsöffnung wesentlich größer, beispielsweise mehr als zehn mal so groß ist als deren Höhe, zu einer gleichmäßigeren Pulververteilung über die gesamte Breite der Austrittsöffnung.The flow guide causes an accumulation of powder particles can be effectively prevented in the central region of the flowed through nozzle channel. A "undersupply" of the edge areas with powder particles is therefore avoided. This leads, in particular in wide-jet nozzles, in which the width of the outlet opening is substantially larger, for example more than ten times as large as their height, to a more uniform powder distribution over the entire width of the outlet opening.

Vorteilhafterweise weist das Kegel- oder Keilelement einen hinteren Kegel- oder Keilabschnitt mit einer hinteren Spitze oder Schneide auf, die auf eine Auslassöffnung des Pulverinjektionsrohrs hingerichtet ist. Hierdurch wird das Pulver besonders gleichmäßig und kontinuierlich vom mittleren, d.h. längsachsennahen, Bereich der Mischkammer in deren Randbereich und damit seitlich nach außen in die Randbereiche des Strömungskanals der Lavaldüse geleitet. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es hierbei, wenn die Verlängerung der Längsachse des hinteren Kegel- oder Keilabschnitts durch das Zentrum der Auslassöffnung des Pulverinjektionsrohrs hindurchgeht.Advantageously, the conical or wedge member has a rear taper or wedge portion with a rear tip or blade which faces an outlet port of the powder injection tube is executed. As a result, the powder is passed particularly uniformly and continuously from the middle, ie, near the longitudinal axis, region of the mixing chamber in its edge region and thus laterally outwards into the edge regions of the flow channel of the Laval nozzle. It is particularly advantageous in this case if the extension of the longitudinal axis of the rear cone or wedge section passes through the center of the outlet opening of the powder injection tube.

Vorteilhafterweise weist das Kegel- oder Keilelement einen vorderen Kegel- oder Keilabschnitt auf, der in den konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt der Lavaldüse hineinragt. Hierdurch wird das vom hinteren Kegel- oder Keilabschnitt in den Randbereich der Mischkammer geleitete Pulver auch im konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt der Lavaldüse im Randbereich gehalten und auf gleichmäßige Weise in die Randbereiche des engsten Kanalabschnitts geleitet, der bereits schlitzförmig ausgebildet ist, d.h. dessen Breite größer als dessen Höhe ist. Von diesem engsten Kanalabschnitt aus verteilen sich dann die Pulverpartikel auf gleichmäßige Weise über den gesamten Querschnitt des divergierenden Kanalabschnitts.Advantageously, the conical or wedge element has a front cone or wedge section which projects into the converging channel section of the Laval nozzle. In this way, the powder conducted from the rear cone or wedge section into the peripheral region of the mixing chamber is also held in the converging channel section of the Laval nozzle in the peripheral region and smoothly directed into the peripheral regions of the narrowest channel section, which is already slit-shaped, i. whose width is greater than its height. From this narrowest channel section, the powder particles are distributed in a uniform manner over the entire cross section of the diverging channel section.

Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Strömungsleiteinrichtung eine Außenhülse, in der das Kegel- oder Keilelement mittels speichenartiger Streben mittig und auf Abstand gehalten ist. Hierdurch lässt sich die Strömungsleiteinrichtung auf besonders einfache Weise mittig in der Spritzpistole befestigen.Advantageously, the flow guiding device comprises an outer sleeve in which the cone or wedge element is held centrally and at a distance by means of spoke-like struts. As a result, the flow-guiding device can be fastened centrally in the spray gun in a particularly simple manner.

Vorteilhafterweise ist der Innendurchmesser des vom Spritzpartikel/Gasgemisch durchströmten Ringspaltes im Bereich des Eintrittsquerschnitts des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts der Lavaldüse größer als 50%, vorzugsweise größer als 60% des Außendurchmessers des Ringspalts. Dies bedeutet mit anderen Worten, dass mehr als 50%, vorzugsweise mehr als 60%, des Eintrittsquerschnitts der Lavaldüse von der Strömungsleiteinrichtung ausgefüllt ist.Advantageously, the inner diameter of the annular gap through which the spray particle / gas mixture flows is Area of the inlet cross-section of the converging channel portion of the Laval nozzle greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60% of the outer diameter of the annular gap. In other words, this means that more than 50%, preferably more than 60%, of the inlet cross section of the Laval nozzle is filled by the flow guide.

Vorteilhafterweise erstreckt sich der vordere Kegeloder Keilabschnitt über eine Länge von 50% bis 90% der Länge des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts in den konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt hinein. Auf diese Weise erfolgt über eine relativ große Länge des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts die randnahe Zwangsführung der Pulverpartikel.Advantageously, the front cone or wedge portion extends into the convergent duct section over a length of 50% to 90% of the length of the converging duct section. In this way, over a relatively large length of the converging channel section, the edge near forced guidance of the powder particles.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
einen Längsschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung,
Figur 2:
einen Längsschnitt durch die Lavaldüse längs der Linie II-II von Figur 3,
Figur 3:
eine Frontansicht der LavaldĂĽse von Figur 2,
Figur 4:
eine räumliche Darstellung der Lavaldüse,
Figur 5:
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Strömungsleiteinrichtung längs der Linie V-V von Figur 6,
Figur 6:
eine Frontansicht der Strömungsleiteinrichtung von Figur 5,
Figur 7:
einen Längsschnitt längs der Linie VII-VII von Figur 6,
Figur 8:
eine räumliche Darstellung der Strömungsleiteinrichtung schräg von vorne, und
Figur 9:
eine räumliche Darstellung der Strömungsleiteinrichtung schräg von hinten.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1:
a longitudinal section through the cold gas spraying device according to the invention,
FIG. 2:
a longitudinal section through the Laval nozzle along the line II-II of FIG. 3 .
FIG. 3:
a front view of the Laval nozzle of FIG. 2 .
FIG. 4:
a spatial representation of the Laval nozzle,
FIG. 5:
a longitudinal section through a flow guide along the line VV of FIG. 6 .
FIG. 6:
a front view of the flow of FIG. 5 .
FIG. 7:
a longitudinal section along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6 .
FIG. 8:
a spatial representation of the flow guide obliquely from the front, and
FIG. 9:
a spatial representation of the flow guide obliquely from behind.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung mit einer Spritzpistole 1. Die Spritzpistole 1 umfasst im Wesentlichen eine Lavaldüse 2 und ein Mischkammerelement 3, an dessen vorderem Ende die Lavaldüse 2 befestigt ist. Mit "vorn" wird im Rahmen der Erfindung immer diejenige Seite der Vorrichtung bzw. eines Teils dieser Vorrichtung bezeichnet, die zu dem eine Austrittsöffnung 5 aufweisenden Endbereich 4 der Lavaldüse 2 hin gerichtet ist. Mit "hinten" wird im Folgenden diejenige Seite der Vorrichtung bzw. eines Teils davon bezeichnet, die zum hinteren, eine Eintrittsöffnung 6 für heißes Gas aufweisenden Endbereich 7 des Mischkammerelements 3 hin gerichtet ist. FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a cold gas spraying device according to the invention with a spray gun 1. The spray gun 1 essentially comprises a Laval nozzle 2 and a mixing chamber element 3, at the front end of the Laval nozzle 2 is fixed. In the context of the invention, "front" always denotes that side of the device or a part of this device which is directed toward the end region 4 of the Laval nozzle 2 which has an outlet opening 5. The term "back" refers in the following to that side of the device or a part thereof which is directed towards the rear end region 7 of the mixing chamber element 3 which has an inlet opening 6 for hot gas.

An den hinteren Endbereich 7 des Mischkammerelements 3 schließt sich ein nicht dargestellter Hochdruckgaserhitzer an, um das Prozessgas auf die erforderlichen hohen Temperaturen zu erhitzen, die beim Kaltgasspritzen jedoch unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur von pulverförmigen Spritzpartikeln liegen, die auf ein nicht dargestelltes Substrat aufgetragen werden sollen. Das erhitzte Gas wird in Richtung des Pfeils 8 in einen sich durch das Mischkammerelement 3 axial hindurch erstreckenden Hohlraum 9 eingeleitet, der im vorderen Bereich des Mischkammerelements 3 eine Mischkammer 10 bildet.Adjoining the rear end region 7 of the mixing chamber element 3 is an unillustrated high-pressure gas heater in order to heat the process gas to the required high temperatures, which are, however, below the melting temperature of pulverulent spray particles which are to be applied to a substrate (not shown) during cold gas spraying. The heated gas is introduced in the direction of the arrow 8 in a through the mixing chamber member 3 axially extending cavity 9, which forms a mixing chamber 10 in the front region of the mixing chamber element 3.

In die Mischkammer 10 ist von der Seite her ein Pulverinjektionsrohr 11 eingeführt, mit dem in Richtung des Pfeils 12 über eine nicht dargestellte Pulverzuführleitung die pulverförmigen Spritzpartikel zugeführt werden, die zum Beschichten des Substrats verwendet werden. Das Pulverinjektionsrohr 11 weist eine seitliche Auslassöffnung 13 auf, über welche die Spritzpartikel in die Mischkammer 10 eingeleitet werden. Die Auslassöffnung 13 liegt auf der Längsmittelachse der Mischkammer 10 und der hierzu axial fluchtenden Lavaldüse 2. Weiterhin ist die Auslassöffnung 13 derart angeordnet, dass die austretenden Spritzpartikel nach vorne, d.h. in Richtung zur Lavaldüse 2 hin, austreten.Into the mixing chamber 10, a powder injection pipe 11 is inserted from the side, with which the powdery spray particles are used in the direction of the arrow 12 via a not shown Pulverzuführleitung, which are used for coating the substrate. The powder injection tube 11 has a lateral outlet opening 13, via which the spray particles are introduced into the mixing chamber 10. The outlet opening 13 is located on the longitudinal center axis of the mixing chamber 10 and the Laval nozzle 2 axially aligned therewith. Furthermore, the outlet opening 13 is arranged such that the exiting spray particles are directed forward, i. in the direction of the Laval nozzle 2, exit.

Die Lavaldüse 2 weist einen länglichen Düsenkörper 14 auf, in dem sich mittig ein axialer, hindurchgehender Strömungskanal 15 befindet. Der Strömungskanal 15 umfasst, anschließend an die Mischkammer 10, einen hinteren, konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt 16, einen daran anschließenden engsten Kanalabschnitt 17 und einen daran anschließenden vorderen, divergierenden Kanalabschnitt 18. Wie aus den Figuren 2 bis 4 ersichtlich, weist der konvergierende Kanalabschnitt 16 eine hintere Eintrittsöffnung 19 mit kreisförmiger Querschnittsfläche auf. Von dieser Eintrittsöffnung 19 konvergiert der Kanalabschnitt 16 in Richtung zum engsten Kanalabschnitt 17, wobei sich die Höhe h des Strömungskanals 15 wesentlich stärker verringert als dessen Breite b. Der engste Kanalabschnitt 17 weist damit einen schlitzartigen Querschnitt auf, dessen Breite b1 wesentlich größer als dessen Höhe h1 ist.The Laval nozzle 2 has an elongated nozzle body 14, in which an axial, passing flow channel 15 is located centrally. The flow channel 15 comprises, subsequent to the mixing chamber 10, a rear, converging channel section 16, an adjoining narrowest channel section 17 and an adjoining front, diverging channel section 18. As shown in FIGS FIGS. 2 to 4 can be seen, the converging channel section 16 has a rear inlet opening 19 with a circular cross-sectional area. From this inlet opening 19, the channel section 16 converges in the direction of the narrowest channel section 17, whereby the height h of the flow channel 15 is reduced considerably more than its width b. The narrowest channel section 17 thus has a slot-like cross section whose width b1 is substantially greater than its height h1.

Von diesem engsten Kanalabschnitt 17 aus divergiert der Strömungskanal 15 wieder kontinuierlich in Richtung der Austrittsöffnung 5 zu einem schlitzartigen Querschnitt, der eine Breite b2 und eine Höhe h2 hat. Die Breite b2 ist wiederum wesentlich größer als die Höhe h2. Weiterhin ist die Höhe h2 deutlich größer als die Höhe h1, während die Breite b2 geringfügig größer als die Breite b1 ist. Die schlitzartige Querschnittsform des Strömungskanals 15 beginnt somit, in Strömungsrichtung gesehen, bereits nahe hinter der Eintrittsöffnung 19 und erstreckt sich über die gesamte Länge der Lavaldüse 2 bis zur Austrittsöffnung 5.From this narrowest channel section 17, the flow channel 15 diverges again continuously in the direction of the outlet opening 5 to a slot-like cross section, which has a width b2 and a height h2. The width b2 is in turn substantially larger than the height h2. Furthermore, the height h2 is significantly greater than the height h1, while the width b2 is slightly larger than the width b1. The slot-like cross-sectional shape of the flow channel 15 thus begins, viewed in the flow direction, already close behind the inlet opening 19 and extends over the entire length of the Laval nozzle 2 to the outlet opening fifth

"Schlitzartig" bedeutet im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung, dass der Querschnitt des Strömungskanals 15 in einer ersten Richtung größer ist als in einer zweiten Richtung, die senkrecht zur ersten Richtung angeordnet ist. Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele für schlitzartige Querschnittsformen sind rechteckige oder ovale Querschnittsformen. Je nach Anwendungsfall sind jedoch auch andere Querschnittsformen denkbar."Slit-like" in the context of the present invention means that the cross-section of the flow channel 15 is greater in a first direction than in a second direction, which is arranged perpendicular to the first direction. Preferred embodiments for slit-like cross-sectional shapes are rectangular or oval cross-sectional shapes. Depending on the application, however, other cross-sectional shapes are conceivable.

Aus Figur 1 ist weiter ersichtlich, dass in der Mischkammer 10 eine Strömungsleiteinrichtung 20 angeordnet ist. Die Strömungsleiteinrichtung 20 dient dazu, das aus der Auslassöffnung 13 des Pulverinjektionsrohrs 11 austretende Pulver, d.h. die pulverförmigen Spritzpartikel, gleichmäßig auf die Randbereiche der Mischkammer 10 und des Strömungskanals 15 zu verteilen, damit die Spritzpartikel am vorderen Ende der Lavaldüse 2 möglichst gleichmäßig über den Querschnitt der Austrittsöffnung 5 verteilt austreten.Out FIG. 1 is also apparent that in the mixing chamber 10, a flow guide 20 is arranged. The flow-guiding device 20 serves to distribute the powder leaving the outlet opening 13 of the powder injection tube 11 uniformly, ie, the pulverulent spray particles, to the edge regions of the mixing chamber 10 and the flow channel 15, so that the spray particles emerge as evenly distributed over the cross section of the outlet opening 5 at the front end of the Laval nozzle 2.

Die Strömungsleiteinrichtung 20 wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren 5 bis 9 näher beschrieben. Die Strömungsleiteinrichtung 20 umfasst ein Kegelelement 21, das mittels speichenförmiger, sich radial erstreckender Streben 22 mittig innerhalb und mit Abstand zu einer zylinderförmigen Außenhülse 23 gehalten wird. Das Kegelelement 21 ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel als Doppelkegelelement ausgebildet und umfasst einen hinteren Kegelabschnitt 24, einen mittigen, zylinderförmigen Abschnitt 25 und einen vorderen Kegelabschnitt 26. Die Spitze des hinteren Kegelabschnitts 24 ist nach hinten gerichtet, während die Spitze des vorderen Kegelabschnitts nach vorne gerichtet ist. Weiterhin liegen die Spitzen der Kegelabschnitte 24, 26 auf einer gemeinsamen Längsachse 27, die mit der Längsmittelachse des Strömungskanals 15 zusammenfällt.The flow guide 20 will be described below with reference to the FIGS. 5 to 9 described in more detail. The flow-guiding device 20 comprises a cone element 21, which is held centrally by means of spoke-shaped, radially extending struts 22 within and at a distance from a cylindrical outer sleeve 23. The cone member 21 is formed in the present embodiment as a double cone member and includes a rear cone portion 24, a central cylindrical portion 25 and a front cone portion 26. The tip of the rear cone portion 24 is directed rearwardly, while the tip of the front cone portion is directed forward , Furthermore, the tips of the cone sections 24, 26 lie on a common longitudinal axis 27, which coincides with the longitudinal central axis of the flow channel 15.

Aus Figur 6 ist ersichtlich, dass drei speichenartige Streben 22 vorgesehen sind, die in einem Winkelabstand von 120° über den Umfang des Kegelelements 21 verteilt sind. Mittels der Streben 22 wird das Kegelelement 21 in einem bestimmten Abstand zur Innenumfangsfläche 28 der Außenhülse 23 gehalten. Hierdurch wird ein umlaufender Ringspalt 29 zwischen der Innenumfangsfläche 28 und dem Kegelelement 21 gebildet, wobei der Ringspalt 29 lediglich durch die Streben 22 unterbrochen wird.Out FIG. 6 it can be seen that three spoke-like struts 22 are provided, which are distributed over the circumference of the cone element 21 at an angular distance of 120 °. By means of the struts 22, the cone element 21 is held at a certain distance from the inner peripheral surface 28 of the outer sleeve 23. As a result, a circumferential annular gap 29 is formed between the inner peripheral surface 28 and the cone element 21, wherein the annular gap 29 is interrupted only by the struts 22.

Wie aus Figur 5 ersichtlich, sind die Streben 22 lediglich im mittigen, zylinderförmigen Abschnitt 25 des Kegelelements 21 angeordnet. Der hintere Kegelabschnitt 24 erstreckt sich nach hinten in Axialrichtung gleich weit wie die Außenhülse 23. Der vordere Kegelabschnitt 26 erstreckt sich dagegen in Axialrichtung nach vorne über die Außenhülse 23 hinaus.How out FIG. 5 seen, the struts 22 are only in the central, cylindrical portion 25 of the cone element 21 arranged. The rear cone portion 24 extends rearwardly in the axial direction as far as the outer sleeve 23. The front cone portion 26, however, extends in the axial direction forward beyond the outer sleeve 23 addition.

Wie aus Figur 1 ersichtlich, ist die Strömungsleiteinrichtung 20 mittels der Außenhülse 23 in den vorderen Abschnitt des Hohlraumes 9 derart in das Mischkammerelement 3 eingesetzt, dass die Außenhülse 23 vollständig innerhalb des Mischkammerelements 3 liegt. Die Axialposition der Strömungsleiteinrichtung 20 wird dabei mittels eines umlaufenden, radial vorstehenden Bundes 31 bestimmt, der zwischen einer vorderen Stirnwand 32 des Mischkammerelements 3 und einer hinteren Stirnwand 33 der Lavaldüse 2 eingeklemmt ist.How out FIG. 1 can be seen, the flow guide 20 is inserted by means of the outer sleeve 23 in the front portion of the cavity 9 in the mixing chamber element 3 such that the outer sleeve 23 is completely within the mixing chamber element 3. The axial position of the flow guide 20 is determined by means of a circumferential, radially projecting collar 31 which is clamped between a front end wall 32 of the mixing chamber element 3 and a rear end wall 33 of the Laval nozzle 2.

Die hintere Spitze 30 des Kegelelements 21 ist auf die Mitte der Auslassöffnung 13 des Pulverinjektionsrohrs hin gerichtet und befindet sich in relativ kurzem Abstand vor dieser Auslassöffnung 13. Der vordere Kegelabschnitt 26 ragt dagegen in den konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt 16 der Lavaldüse 2 hinein. Die vordere Spitze 34 des vorderen Kegelabschnitts 26 befindet sich dabei relativ nahe am engsten Kanalabschnitt 17.The rear tip 30 of the cone element 21 is directed towards the center of the outlet opening 13 of the powder injection tube and is located in a relatively short distance in front of this outlet opening 13. The front cone section 26, however, projects into the converging channel section 16 of the Laval nozzle 2. The front tip 34 of the front cone portion 26 is located relatively close to the narrowest channel portion 17th

Die Spritzpartikel, die aus der Auslassöffnung 13 des Pulverinjektionsrohrs 11 austreten und in die Mischkammer 10 hineingeleitet werden, vermischen sich dort intensiv mit dem zugeführten Gas. Spritzpartikel und Gas werden durch den hinteren Kegelabschnitt 24 radial nach außen in die Randbereiche der Mischkammer 10 gedrängt und durch den Ringspalt 29 hindurch gedrückt. Aufgrund des vorderen Kegelabschnitts 26, der in den konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt 16 hineinragt, hat der durchströmbare Querschnitt des Strömungskanals 15 auch in diesem Bereich die Form eines Ringspalts, der nach außen hin durch die Innenumfangswand des Düsenkörpers 14 und radial nach innen durch den vorderen Kegelabschnitt 26 begrenzt wird. Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Innendurchmesser des vom Spritzpartikel/Gas-Gemisch durchströmten Ringspalts 29 im Bereich des Eintrittsquerschnitt des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts 16, d.h. im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnung 19, größer als 50%, vorzugsweise größer als 60%, besonders vorzugsweise größer als 70%, des Außendurchmesser des Ringspalts 29. Weiterhin erstreckt sich der vordere Kegelabschnitt 26 über eine Länge von 50% bis 90% der Länge des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts 16 in den konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt 16 hinein.The spray particles, which emerge from the outlet opening 13 of the powder injection tube 11 and are guided into the mixing chamber 10, mix there intensively with the supplied gas. Spray particles and gas are urged by the rear cone portion 24 radially outward into the edge regions of the mixing chamber 10 and pushed through the annular gap 29 therethrough. by virtue of of the front cone portion 26, which projects into the converging channel portion 16, the flow-through cross section of the flow channel 15 in this area in the form of an annular gap which is bounded outwardly by the inner peripheral wall of the nozzle body 14 and radially inwardly by the front cone portion 26 , Expediently, the inner diameter of the annular gap 29 through which the spray particle / gas mixture flows is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, particularly preferably greater than 70%, of the outer diameter in the region of the inlet cross section of the converging channel section 16, ie in the region of the inlet opening 19 Furthermore, the front cone portion 26 extends over a length of 50% to 90% of the length of the converging channel portion 16 in the converging channel section 16 inside.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist eine Vielzahl von Variationen möglich. Beispielsweise ist nicht zwingend erforderlich, zur Halterung des Kegelelements 21 innerhalb des Mischkammerelements 3 eine Außenhülse 23 vorzusehen. Anzahl und Anordnung der Streben 22 können variieren. Beispielsweise können lediglich zwei oder auch vier Streben angeordnet sein, die in einem Winkelabstand von 180° bzw. 90° voneinander entfernt sind. Anstelle eines Kegelelements 21 kann auch eine Strömungsleiteinrichtung mit einer elyptischen Außenkontur oder ein Keilelement vorgesehen sein. Ein derartiges Keilelement kann einen hinteren Keilabschnitt mit einer hinteren Schneide und einen vorderen Keilabschnitt mit einer vorderen Schneide aufweisen. Es ist auch möglich, die Strömungsleiteinrichtung sowohl mit einem Kegelelement als auch mit einem Keilelement auszustatten. Auch andere Formen der Strömungsleiteinrichtung, die an den Querschnitt des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts 16 angepasst sind, sind möglich.In the context of the invention a variety of variations is possible. For example, it is not absolutely necessary to provide an outer sleeve 23 for holding the cone element 21 within the mixing chamber element 3. The number and arrangement of the struts 22 can vary. For example, only two or four struts can be arranged, which are at an angular distance of 180 ° or 90 ° apart. Instead of a cone element 21 may also be provided a flow guide with an elliptical outer contour or a wedge element. Such a wedge member may have a rear wedge portion with a rear edge and a front wedge portion with a front edge. It is also possible, the flow guide with both a cone element and with a To equip wedge element. Other forms of the flow guide, which are adapted to the cross section of the converging channel portion 16, are possible.

Weiterhin ist es nicht unbedingt erforderlich, dass die Mischkammer 10 in Strömungsrichtung vor der Lavaldüse 2 angeordnet ist. Vielmehr kann sich die Mischkammer 10 innerhalb der Lavaldüse 2 befinden und beispielsweise durch einen hinteren Abschnitt des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts 16 der Lavaldüse 2 gebildet werden. Dies bietet sich insbesondere dann an, wenn sich das Pulverinjektionsrohr 11 in den Strömungskanal 15 der Lavaldüse 2 hinein erstreckt oder sich die Auslassöffnung 13 des Pulverinjektionsrohrs 11 zumindest in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts 16 befindet.Furthermore, it is not absolutely necessary that the mixing chamber 10 is arranged in the flow direction in front of the Laval nozzle 2. Rather, the mixing chamber 10 may be located within the Laval nozzle 2 and formed, for example, by a rear portion of the converging channel portion 16 of the Laval nozzle 2. This is particularly suitable when the powder injection tube 11 extends into the flow channel 15 of the Laval nozzle 2 or the outlet opening 13 of the powder injection tube 11 is at least in the immediate vicinity of the converging channel section 16.

Claims (8)

Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung mit einer Spritzpistole (1), die eine Mischkammer (10) zum Mischen von pulverförmigen Spritzpartikeln und Gas, ein in die Mischkammer (10) mündendes Pulverinjektionsrohr (11) und eine Lavaldüse (2) umfasst, die einen konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt (16), einen engsten Kanalabschnitt (17) und einen divergierenden Kanalabschnitt (18) aufweist, wobei der konvergierende Kanalabschnitt (16) einen Eintrittsquerschnitt aufweist, der in Richtung des engsten Kanalabschnitts (17) in eine schlitzartige Querschnittsform übergeht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Mischkammer (10) eine Strömungsleiteinrichtung (20) angeordnet ist, welche das Spritzpartikel/Gas-Gemisch von einem längsachsennahen Bereich nach außen in einen wandnahen Bereich der Mischkammer (10) drängt.A cold gas spraying device comprising a spray gun (1) comprising a mixing chamber (10) for mixing powdered spray particles and gas, a powder injection tube (11) opening into the mixing chamber (10) and a Laval nozzle (2) having a converging channel section (16), a narrowest channel section (17) and a divergent channel section (18), wherein the converging channel section (16) has an inlet cross section which merges in the direction of the narrowest channel section (17) into a slot-like cross-sectional shape, characterized in that in the mixing chamber (10 ) is arranged a flow-guiding device (20) which urges the sprayed particle / gas mixture from a region near the longitudinal axis to the outside in a region near the wall of the mixing chamber (10). Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsleiteinrichtung (20) ein Kegel- oder Keilelement (21) umfasst, das einen Ringspalt (29) radial nach innen begrenzt.Cold gas spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow-guiding device (20) comprises a conical or wedge element (21) which delimits an annular gap (29) radially inwards. Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kegel- oder Keilelement (21) einen hinteren Kegel- oder Keilabschnitt (24) mit einer hinteren Spitze (30) oder Schneide aufweist, die auf eine Auslassöffnung (13) des Pulverinjektionsrohrs (11) hin gerichtet ist.Cold gas spraying device according to claim 2, characterized in that the conical or wedge element (21) has a rear cone or wedge portion (24) with a rear tip (30) or cutting edge, which on an outlet opening (13) of the powder injection tube (11) is directed. Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verlängerung der Längsachse (27) des hinteren Kegel- oder Keilabschnitts (24) durch das Zentrum der Auslassöffnung (13) des Pulverinjektionsrohrs (11) hindurch geht.Cold gas spraying apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the extension of the longitudinal axis (27) of the rear cone or wedge portion (24) passes through the center of the outlet opening (13) of the powder injection tube (11). Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kegel- oder Keilelement (21) einen vorderen Kegel- oder Keilabschnitt (26) aufweist, der in den konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt (16) der Lavaldüse (2) hineinragt.Cold gas spraying device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the conical or wedge element (21) has a front cone or wedge portion (26) which projects into the converging channel portion (16) of the Laval nozzle (2). Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsleiteinrichtung (20) eine Außenhülse (23) umfasst, in der das Kegel- oder Keilelement (21) mittels speichenartiger Streben (22) mittig und auf Abstand gehaltert ist.Cold gas spraying device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the flow guide (20) comprises an outer sleeve (23) in which the conical or wedge element (21) by means of spoke-like struts (22) is mounted centrally and at a distance. Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, ,dass der Innendurchmesser des vom Spritzpartikel/Gas-Gemisch durchströmten Ringspalts (29) im Bereich des Eintrittsquerschnitts des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts (16) der Lavaldüse (2) größer als 50%, vorzugsweise größer als 60% des Außendurchmessers des Ringspalts (29) ist.Cold gas spraying device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the inner diameter of the spray particle / gas mixture through the annular gap (29) in the region of the inlet cross-section of the converging channel section (16) of the Laval nozzle (2) greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60% of the outer diameter of the annular gap (29). Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der vordere Kegel- oder Keilabschnitt über eine Länge von 50% bis 90% der Länge des konvergierenden Kanalabschnitts (16) in den konvergierenden Kanalabschnitt (16) hineinstreckt.A cold gas spraying apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the front cone or wedge portion extends over a length of 50% to 90% of the length of the convergent duct section (16) into the convergent duct section (16).
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