EP3042724B1 - Method for generating a spray jet and dual material nozzle - Google Patents

Method for generating a spray jet and dual material nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3042724B1
EP3042724B1 EP15200564.1A EP15200564A EP3042724B1 EP 3042724 B1 EP3042724 B1 EP 3042724B1 EP 15200564 A EP15200564 A EP 15200564A EP 3042724 B1 EP3042724 B1 EP 3042724B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
jet
outlet opening
nozzle
spray jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15200564.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3042724A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Zeeb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lechler GmbH
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Lechler GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3042724A1 publication Critical patent/EP3042724A1/en
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Publication of EP3042724B1 publication Critical patent/EP3042724B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B05B1/267—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors the liquid or other fluent material being deflected in determined directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0861—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with one single jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid and several gas jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0458—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber the gas and liquid flows being perpendicular just upstream the mixing chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a spray jet from a liquid-gas mixture with a two-fluid nozzle with a nozzle housing with the steps of mixing a supplied liquid and a supplied gas and generating a spray jet consisting of gas and liquid droplets.
  • the invention also relates to a two-component nozzle for spraying a liquid-gas mixture with a nozzle housing, wherein the nozzle housing has at least one liquid inlet, at least one gas inlet and at least one outlet opening and wherein downstream of the at least one outlet opening during operation of the nozzle consists of a gas and liquid droplets Spray is present.
  • Two-substance nozzles with an inner mixing chamber have a spray jet which has a core jet and an outer jet surrounding the core jet.
  • the core jet and the outer jet can merge into each other, as a rule, in the case of two-component nozzles, the core jet is pronounced. If such a spray jet enters a process environment, the droplets in the core jet only enter the heat and mass transfer with the process environment with a delay. Evaporation routes are thereby extended. Above all, it can be observed in conventional two-substance nozzles with an inner mixing chamber that coarse droplets form in the core jet of the spray jet after it leaves the nozzle housing.
  • EP 2 495 051 A1 is a two-fluid nozzle is known in which a central air passage is provided, from which emerges in the axial direction of an air jet. Water is supplied via an annular gap and, surrounding the central air jet, exits from the two-substance nozzle.
  • a nozzle for producing artificial snow is known.
  • a further, perpendicular spray jet is directed onto the emerging spray jet within the nozzle housing.
  • a method for producing a spray jet and a two-fluid nozzle with regard to the prevention of coarse droplets in the jet stream of the spray jet are to be improved.
  • a method according to the invention for producing a spray of a liquid-gas mixture with a two-fluid nozzle with a nozzle housing with the steps mixing a supplied liquid and a supplied gas and generating a spray jet consisting of gas and liquid droplets generating at least one gas jet and crossing the Gas jet provided with the spray.
  • the liquid drops present in the spray jet can additionally be atomized by the gas jet. This can prevent the formation of coarse droplets in the spray jet.
  • the spray jet comprises a core jet and an outer jet surrounding the core jet, wherein the gas jet is first crossed with the core jet of the spray jet.
  • the crossing of the gas jet is first of all particularly advantageous with the jet stream of the spray jet. Because the gas jet then reliably ensures further atomization or division of the coarse droplets in the core jet. Although the gas jet then passes into the area of the outer jet, it has already lost kinetic energy, but this is not critical since the coarse droplets located in the outer jet are prevented, for example, by providing an annular gap nozzle surrounding the nozzle housing and thus by using annular gap air can.
  • the introduction of the gas jet into a core jet of the spray jet is provided in the form of a plurality of partial streams, wherein the plurality of partial streams have a main movement component, which is directed radially outward with respect to a central longitudinal axis of the spray jet.
  • the mixing of the liquid and the gas within a mixing chamber of the nozzle housing and the crossing of the gas jet with the spray jet downstream of the mixing chamber is provided.
  • the crossing of the gas jet with the spray jet takes place within the nozzle housing.
  • the crossing of the gas jet with the spray jet can take place outside the nozzle housing.
  • the crossing of the gas jet inside or outside of the nozzle housing can take place.
  • the splitting of a gas supplied to the two-component nozzle is provided within the nozzle housing in a first gas stream and a second gas stream, wherein the first gas stream is provided for generating the spray and the second gas stream is provided for generating the gas jet, with the spray is crossed.
  • the two-fluid nozzle must thus be supplied only gas with a uniform pressure.
  • the division into two gas streams then takes place within the nozzle housing.
  • a two-substance nozzle for spraying a liquid-gas mixture with a nozzle housing
  • the nozzle housing has at least one liquid inlet, at least one gas inlet and at least one outlet opening, and wherein downstream of the at least one outlet opening in the operation of the nozzle, a spray jet consisting of gas and liquid droplets is present, at least one further gas outlet opening for generating a gas jet is provided, wherein the further gas outlet opening is formed and arranged to intersect the gas jet with the spray jet.
  • the gas jet can be crossed with the spray jet and the emergence of coarse droplets within the spray jet can be reliably prevented by the additional atomization of the drops in the spray by means of the gas jet.
  • the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged in the region of the free end of a tube, which is fastened concentrically to the outlet opening on the nozzle housing.
  • the at least one further gas outlet opening can be easily realized and placed centrally to the core jet.
  • the tube is provided at its free end with a baffle plate or an impact body and a plurality of outflow openings immediately upstream of the baffle plate or the baffle body.
  • a baffle body for example, an expanding in the flow direction cone can be used. About the cone angle, the direction of the exiting gas jets can be varied.
  • the nozzle housing has a mixing chamber, wherein the liquid inlet and the gas inlet open into the mixing chamber and wherein the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged downstream of the mixing chamber and concentric with the mixing chamber.
  • Such an arrangement of the at least one further gas outlet opening makes it possible to cross the gas jet with the core jet of the spray jet.
  • the nozzle housing has an outlet opening for the spray jet, wherein the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged downstream of the outlet opening.
  • the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged upstream of the outlet opening.
  • the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged downstream of the outlet opening.
  • the at least one further gas outlet opening within the nozzle housing ie upstream of the outlet opening, or outside of the nozzle housing, ie downstream of the outlet opening can be arranged.
  • the plurality of outflow openings open radially outward relative to a central longitudinal axis of the tube.
  • the multiple gas jets thus initially receive a radially outward movement, but are taken during operation of the two-fluid nozzle by the spray, the main component of the gas jets is still directed radially outward.
  • annular gap surrounding the outlet opening is provided.
  • the spray jet can be shielded against the process environment immediately after exiting the outlet opening, when sheath air emerges from the annular gap.
  • the annular gap can also be used, for example, to prevent the formation of droplets in an area surrounding the outlet opening.
  • the presentation of the Fig. 1 shows a two-fluid nozzle 10 according to the invention with a nozzle housing 12.
  • the nozzle housing 12 has an outlet opening 14 from which emerges during operation of the two-fluid nozzle 10, a spray of liquid droplets and gas.
  • Liquid to be atomized is supplied to the two-fluid nozzle 10 via a fluid inlet 16, wherein the fluid is conducted downstream of the fluid inlet 16 into a mixing chamber and atomized there.
  • the liquid inlet 16 is provided with an external thread for connection of a liquid feed line.
  • the liquid inlet 16 is provided with an annular gas inlet 18 through which the nozzle housing 12, gas, for example, compressed air or steam, is supplied.
  • gas for example, compressed air or steam.
  • the nozzle housing is provided on the outer wall of the gas inlet with an internal thread to connect a gas supply line can.
  • the nozzle housing 12 is formed in two parts and has an outer shell 20 and an insert 22.
  • the insert 22 has at its in Fig. 1 left end of the liquid inlet 16 and is inserted into the outer shell 20. Between the insert 22 and the outer shell 20, the annular gas inlet 18 is formed.
  • the insert 22 is as in Fig. 1 can be seen, provided immediately before the beginning of the outer shell 20 with a total of eight gas channels 24, which are directed radially inward.
  • a gas stream is branched off, which then exits downstream of the outlet opening 14 from a plurality of outflow openings 26 again and forms a plurality of gas jets, which then intersect the emerging from the outlet opening 14 spray jet.
  • the gas channels 24 open for this purpose in a concentric to a central longitudinal axis 28 arranged pipe 30, at its free end a baffle plate 32 is arranged. Immediately upstream of the baffle plate 32, the plurality of outflow openings 26 are arranged.
  • the presentation of the Fig. 2 shows a view on the section plane II-II in Fig. 1 ,
  • the two-part structure of the nozzle housing 12 can be seen from the outer shell 20 and the insert 22 inserted into the outer shell 20.
  • the annular gas inlet 18 and the liquid inlet 16 can be clearly seen.
  • the gas channels 24 lie outside the sectional plane II-II, so that they in the view of Fig. 2 are not recognizable.
  • the gas channels 24 open into an annular channel 36, which is provided in a plug 38, which in turn is screwed concentrically to the central longitudinal axis in the insert 22.
  • the gas stream branched off by means of the gas channels 24 enters the interior of the pipe 30 and thereby to the discharge openings 26 at the free end of the pipe 30.
  • each of the discharge openings 26 at the end of the pipe 30 enters the Essentially radially directed gas jet.
  • these multiple gas jets then cross the spray jet which emerges from the outlet opening 14.
  • the spray jet is generated by a mixture of gas and liquid in a mixing chamber 40, which is penetrated by the tube 30.
  • the gas inlet 18 opens into an annular space 42, from which several gas inlets 44 open into the mixing chamber.
  • the gas inlets open radially into the mixing chamber 40, which has a circularly widening shape. Gas streams leaving the gas inlets 44 are thereby directed radially inwards and intersect a liquid flow entering the mixing chamber 40 substantially at right angles.
  • the plug 38 is provided with a plurality of fluid inlets 46 concentrically disposed around the tube 30. This is in the view of Fig. 3 to recognize that a view of the section plane III-III in Fig. 1 shows.
  • a liquid flow thus enters the mixing chamber 40 parallel to the longitudinal axis 28.
  • Gas flows from the gas inlets 44 meet at right angles to the plurality of liquid streams and generate within the mixing chamber 40, a gas-droplet mixture.
  • the mixing chamber is tapered at its downstream end, this taper being effected by a circular cone-shaped portion 48.
  • the circular tapered portion 48 is substantially shorter than the mixing chamber 40. In the illustrated embodiment, the length of the taper 48 is less than one tenth of the length of the mixing chamber 40.
  • the taper 48 is followed by a cylindrical portion 50 having a narrowest cross section within the Nozzle housing 12 forms.
  • the length of the cylindrical portion 50 is about one third of the length of the mixing chamber 40.
  • the cylindrical portion 50 is followed by a conically widening portion 52 which terminates at the outlet opening 14.
  • the length of section 52 is about three to four times that of Length of the cylindrical portion 50 and corresponds in the illustrated embodiment, approximately the length of the mixing chamber 40th
  • the outlet opening 14 is surrounded by a triangular in cross-section groove 54, which is intended to prevent the adhesion of drops on the housing 12 in the area surrounding the outlet opening 14.
  • annular space 42 between the insert 22 and the outer shell 20 of the nozzle housing 12 can be seen. Gas is introduced into this annular space 42. As has been explained, a gas flow is branched off from this annular space 42 by means of the total of eight gas passages 24, which are provided in the insert 22 and extend radially inwards. The gas channels 24 open into the annular channel 36 which is formed in the plug 38. The plug 38 is, see Fig. 2 , used in the insert 22. Starting from the annular channel 36, four further gas channels 56 are provided in the plug 38, which are directed radially inwards and which open into the interior of the tube 30.
  • gas thus passes through the gas channels 24, in the annular channel 36, in the gas channels 56 and in the interior of the tube 30. As already explained, the gas then enters the free end of the tube 30 through the plurality of outflow openings 26 in Essentially radially out.
  • a gas-liquid drop mixture is generated, which then passes through the cylindrical portion 50 and the conical expansion 52 to the outlet opening 14 and exits there as a spray jet.
  • the spray jet of the two-component nozzle 10 has a core jet and an outer jet surrounding the core jet. Coarse droplets can occur in the core jet of the spray jet, above all it is possible for coarse droplets to form again after leaving the outlet opening 14 in the core jet of the spray jet. Such coarse droplets in the jet stream of the spray jet are broken down into smaller droplets by the gas jets, which emerge essentially radially outward from the outflow openings 26.
  • the gas jets emerging from the discharge openings 26 thus cross the spray jet in order to prevent or reverse the formation of coarse drops within the spray jet. Due to the arrangement of the tube 30 on the central longitudinal axis of the two-fluid nozzle 10, the gas jets emerging from the outflow openings 26 first intersect the core jet of the spray jet and, subsequently, its outer jet.
  • the presentation of the Fig. 4 shows an enlarged detail of the two-fluid nozzle 10 of Fig. 1 , Specifically, the free end of the tube 30 with the baffle plate 32 and the plurality of radially outwardly directed outflow openings 26 is shown in detail.
  • the baffle 32 is, see FIG. 2 , provided with an extension which is inserted into the free end of the tube 30 and anchored there. At this use, the outflow openings 26 are provided.
  • the tube 30 can thus be structurally very simple. The insert is inserted into the free end of the tube, whereby the baffle plate 32 and the outflow openings 26 are placed at the free end of the tube 30.
  • the presentation of the Fig. 5 shows a two-fluid nozzle 60 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the two-fluid nozzle 60 differs from the two-fluid nozzle 10 of Fig. 1 merely in that the free end of the tube 30 with the baffle plate 32 and the outflow openings 26 is arranged upstream of the outlet opening 14. The free end of the tube 30 and the outflow openings 26 are thus still disposed within the outer shell 20 of the nozzle housing 12.
  • the gas jets emerging from the outflow openings 26 intersect the spray jet present in the conically widening section 52 of the nozzle housing 12 even inside the nozzle housing 12.
  • the two-fluid nozzle 60 is identical to the two-fluid nozzle 10 of FIG Fig. 1 built up. The individual components and the mode of action of the two-fluid nozzle 60 will therefore not be explained again.
  • the presentation of the Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of a two-fluid nozzle 70 according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the two-fluid nozzle 70 differs from the two-fluid nozzle 10 of Fig. 1 merely by the presence of an annular gap cap 72, which forms an annular gap 74 surrounding the outlet opening 14 with the nozzle housing 76.
  • the annular gap 74 is fed with enveloping air.
  • the spray jet emerging from the outlet opening 14 can thereby be shielded against a process environment immediately downstream of the outlet opening 14.
  • sheath air emerging from the annular gap 74 drops that form at the area surrounding the outlet opening 14 of the nozzle housing 76, to atomize into fine droplets.
  • the nozzle housing 76 is formed in its area surrounding the outlet opening 14 significantly thinner than the nozzle housing 12 of the two-fluid nozzle 10.
  • the annular gap cap 72 extends in the flow direction a piece far beyond the end of the nozzle housing 76 addition.
  • the two-fluid nozzle 70 is identical to the two-fluid nozzle 10 of Fig. 1 trained and the individual components of the two-fluid nozzle 70 and their function will not be explained again.
  • Fig. 7 shows a two-fluid nozzle 80 according to the invention according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • the free end of the tube 30 is disposed within the nozzle housing 76.
  • the gas jets emerging from the outflow openings 26 at the free end of the tube 30 thus cross the spray jet still within the nozzle housing 76, as already described with reference to the two-fluid nozzle 60 of FIG Fig. 5 was explained.
  • the provision of the annular gap 74 between the annular gap cap 72 and the nozzle housing 76 ensures that liquid droplets accumulating in the region of the nozzle housing 76 surrounding the outlet opening 14 can be broken up into small droplets and thus atomized.
  • the individual components and the function of the two-fluid nozzle 80 are identical to the two-fluid nozzle 10 of FIG Fig. 1 and will therefore not be explained again.

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  • Nozzles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Sprühstrahls aus einem Flüssigkeit-Gas-Gemisch mit einer Zweistoffdüse mit einem Düsengehäuse mit den Schritten Vermischen einer zugeführten Flüssigkeit und eines zugeführten Gases und Erzeugen eines aus Gas und Flüssigkeitstropfen bestehenden Sprühstrahls. Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Zweistoffdüse zum Versprühen eines Flüssigkeit-Gas-Gemisches mit einem Düsengehäuse, wobei das Düsengehäuse wenigstens einen Flüssigkeitseinlass, wenigstens einen Gaseinlass und wenigstens eine Austrittsöffnung aufweist und wobei stromabwärts der wenigstens einen Austrittsöffnung im Betrieb der Düse ein aus Gas und Flüssigkeitstropfen bestehender Sprühstrahl vorhanden ist.The invention relates to a method for producing a spray jet from a liquid-gas mixture with a two-fluid nozzle with a nozzle housing with the steps of mixing a supplied liquid and a supplied gas and generating a spray jet consisting of gas and liquid droplets. The invention also relates to a two-component nozzle for spraying a liquid-gas mixture with a nozzle housing, wherein the nozzle housing has at least one liquid inlet, at least one gas inlet and at least one outlet opening and wherein downstream of the at least one outlet opening during operation of the nozzle consists of a gas and liquid droplets Spray is present.

Zweistoffdüsen mit innerer Mischkammer weisen einen Sprühstrahl auf, der einen Kernstrahl und einen den Kernstrahl umgebenden Außenstrahl aufweist. Der Kernstrahl und der Außenstrahl können durchaus ineinander übergehen, in der Regel ist bei Zweistoffdüsen der Kernstrahl ausgeprägt. Tritt ein solcher Sprühstrahl in eine Prozessumgebung ein, so treten die Tropfen im Kernstrahl nur verzögert in den Wärme- und Stoffaustausch mit der Prozessumgebung ein. Verdampfungsstrecken werden dadurch verlängert. Vor allem ist bei konventionellen Zweistoffdüsen mit innerer Mischkammer zu beobachten, dass sich im Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls nach dem Austritt aus dem Düsengehäuse grobe Tropfen bilden.Two-substance nozzles with an inner mixing chamber have a spray jet which has a core jet and an outer jet surrounding the core jet. The core jet and the outer jet can merge into each other, as a rule, in the case of two-component nozzles, the core jet is pronounced. If such a spray jet enters a process environment, the droplets in the core jet only enter the heat and mass transfer with the process environment with a delay. Evaporation routes are thereby extended. Above all, it can be observed in conventional two-substance nozzles with an inner mixing chamber that coarse droplets form in the core jet of the spray jet after it leaves the nozzle housing.

Aus der europäischen Offenlegungsschrift EP 2 495 051 A1 ist eine Zweistoffdüse bekannt, bei der ein zentraler Luftkanal vorgesehen ist, aus dem in axialer Richtung ein Luftstrahl austritt. Wasser wird über einen Ringspalt zugeführt und tritt, den zentralen Luftstrahl umgebend, aus der Zweistoffdüse aus.From the European patent application EP 2 495 051 A1 is a two-fluid nozzle is known in which a central air passage is provided, from which emerges in the axial direction of an air jet. Water is supplied via an annular gap and, surrounding the central air jet, exits from the two-substance nozzle.

Aus der US-Patentschrift US 5,170,941 ist eine Farbsprühdüse bekannt. Zu versprühende Farbe wird aus einer zentralen Austrittsöffnung ausgegeben. Seitlich angeordnete Luftdüsen sind so ausgerichtet, dass sie den Farbsprühstrahl kreuzen.From the US patent US 5,170,941 is a paint spray nozzle known. Color to be sprayed is emitted from a central outlet. Laterally arranged air nozzles are aligned so that they cross the color spray.

Aus der US-Patentschrift US 1,451,063 ist eine Ölbrennerdüse bekannt, bei der ein zentraler Ölstrahl ausgegeben wird, auf den von radial außen Luftstrahlen geleitet werden.From the US patent US 1,451,063 an oil burner nozzle is known in which a central jet of oil is discharged, are directed from the radially outside air jets.

Aus der japanischen Patentzusammenfassung JP 2009276030 ist eine Düse zum Erzeugen von Kunstschnee bekannt. Am Austritt der Düse wird noch innerhalb des Düsengehäuses ein weiterer, senkrechter Sprühstrahl auf den austretenden Sprühstrahl gerichtet.From the Japanese Patent Abstract JP 2009276030 For example, a nozzle for producing artificial snow is known. At the outlet of the nozzle, a further, perpendicular spray jet is directed onto the emerging spray jet within the nozzle housing.

Mit der Erfindung sollen ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Sprühstrahls und eine Zweistoffdüse hinsichtlich der Vermeidung grober Tropfen im Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls verbessert werden.With the invention, a method for producing a spray jet and a two-fluid nozzle with regard to the prevention of coarse droplets in the jet stream of the spray jet are to be improved.

Erfindungsgemäß ist hierzu ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 bzw. eine Zweistoffdüse mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 6 vorgesehen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.According to the invention, a method with the features of claim 1 or a two-fluid nozzle with the features of claim 6 is provided for this purpose. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Sprühstrahls aus einem Flüssigkeit-Gas-Gemisch mit einer Zweistoffdüse mit einem Düsengehäuse mit den Schritten Vermischen einer zugeführten Flüssigkeit und eines zugeführten Gases und Erzeugen eines aus Gas und Flüssigkeitstropfen bestehenden Sprühstrahls ist das Erzeugen wenigstens eines Gasstrahls und Kreuzen des Gasstrahls mit dem Sprühstrahl vorgesehen.In a method according to the invention for producing a spray of a liquid-gas mixture with a two-fluid nozzle with a nozzle housing with the steps mixing a supplied liquid and a supplied gas and generating a spray jet consisting of gas and liquid droplets generating at least one gas jet and crossing the Gas jet provided with the spray.

Indem also ein Gasstrahl mit dem Sprühstrahl gekreuzt wird, können die im Sprühstrahl vorhandenen Flüssigkeitstropfen zusätzlich durch den Gasstrahl zerstäubt werden. Dadurch kann die Bildung von groben Tropfen in dem Sprühstrahl verhindert werden.By thus crossing a gas jet with the spray jet, the liquid drops present in the spray jet can additionally be atomized by the gas jet. This can prevent the formation of coarse droplets in the spray jet.

Gemäß der Erfindung weist der Sprühstrahl einen Kernstrahl und einen den Kernstrahl umgebenden Außenstrahl auf, wobei der Gasstrahl zuerst mit dem Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls gekreuzt wird.According to the invention, the spray jet comprises a core jet and an outer jet surrounding the core jet, wherein the gas jet is first crossed with the core jet of the spray jet.

Da gerade im Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls einer Zweistoffdüse grobe Tropfen auftreten können, ist das Kreuzen des Gasstrahls zuerst mit dem Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls besonders vorteilhaft. Denn der Gasstrahl sorgt dann zuverlässig für eine weitere Zerstäubung bzw. Aufteilung der groben Tropfen im Kernstrahl. Bis der Gasstrahl dann in den Bereich des Außenstrahls gelangt, hat er zwar bereits an kinetischer Energie verloren, dies ist aber unkritisch, da die sich im Außenstrahl befindenden groben Tropfen beispielsweise durch Vorsehen einer das Düsengehäuse umgebenden Ringspaltdüse und somit durch den Einsatz von Ringspaltluft verhindert werden können.Since coarse drops may occur in the core jet of the spray jet of a two-substance nozzle, the crossing of the gas jet is first of all particularly advantageous with the jet stream of the spray jet. Because the gas jet then reliably ensures further atomization or division of the coarse droplets in the core jet. Although the gas jet then passes into the area of the outer jet, it has already lost kinetic energy, but this is not critical since the coarse droplets located in the outer jet are prevented, for example, by providing an annular gap nozzle surrounding the nozzle housing and thus by using annular gap air can.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist das Einbringen des Gasstrahls in einen Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls in Form mehrerer Teilströme vorgesehen, wobei die mehreren Teilströme eine Hauptbewegungskomponente aufweisen, die bezogen auf eine Mittellängsachse des Sprühstrahls radial nach außen gerichtet ist.According to the invention, the introduction of the gas jet into a core jet of the spray jet is provided in the form of a plurality of partial streams, wherein the plurality of partial streams have a main movement component, which is directed radially outward with respect to a central longitudinal axis of the spray jet.

Eine Aufteilung des Gasstrahls auf mehrere Teilströme, die jeweils radial nach außen gerichtet sind, begünstigt eine vollständige Aufteilung eventueller grober Tropfen im Kernstrahl in feinere Tropfen.A division of the gas jet to a plurality of partial streams, which are each directed radially outward, favors a complete distribution of possible coarse droplets in the core jet into finer droplets.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das Vermischen der Flüssigkeit und des Gases innerhalb einer Mischkammer des Düsengehäuses sowie das Kreuzen des Gasstrahls mit dem Sprühstrahl stromabwärts der Mischkammer vorgesehen.In a further development of the invention, the mixing of the liquid and the gas within a mixing chamber of the nozzle housing and the crossing of the gas jet with the spray jet downstream of the mixing chamber is provided.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung erfolgt das Kreuzen des Gasstrahls mit dem Sprühstrahl innerhalb des Düsengehäuses.In a further development of the invention, the crossing of the gas jet with the spray jet takes place within the nozzle housing.

Alternativ kann das Kreuzen des Gasstrahls mit dem Sprühstrahl außerhalb des Düsengehäuses erfolgen.Alternatively, the crossing of the gas jet with the spray jet can take place outside the nozzle housing.

Je nach den vorhandenen Platzverhältnissen und je nach den jeweils geltenden Anforderungen an die Tropfengröße kann das Kreuzen des Gasstrahls innerhalb oder außerhalb des Düsengehäuses erfolgen.Depending on the available space and depending on the applicable requirements for droplet size, the crossing of the gas jet inside or outside of the nozzle housing can take place.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das Aufteilen eines der Zweistoffdüse zugeführten Gases innerhalb des Düsengehäuses in einen ersten Gasstrom und einen zweiten Gasstrom vorgesehen, wobei der erste Gasstrom zum Erzeugen des Sprühstrahls vorgesehen ist und der zweite Gasstrom zum Erzeugen des Gasstrahls vorgesehen ist, der mit dem Sprühstrahl gekreuzt wird.In a further development of the invention, the splitting of a gas supplied to the two-component nozzle is provided within the nozzle housing in a first gas stream and a second gas stream, wherein the first gas stream is provided for generating the spray and the second gas stream is provided for generating the gas jet, with the spray is crossed.

Der Zweistoffdüse muss somit lediglich Gas mit einem einheitlichen Druck zugeführt werden. Die Aufteilung in zwei Gasströme erfolgt dann innerhalb des Düsengehäuses.The two-fluid nozzle must thus be supplied only gas with a uniform pressure. The division into two gas streams then takes place within the nozzle housing.

Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Zweistoffdüse zum Versprühen eines Flüssigkeit-Gas-Gemisches mit einem Düsengehäuse, wobei das Düsengehäuse wenigstens einen Flüssigkeitseinlass, wenigstens einen Gaseinlass und wenigstens eine Austrittsöffnung aufweist, und wobei stromabwärts der wenigstens einen Austrittsöffnung im Betrieb der Düse ein aus Gas und Flüssigkeitstropfen bestehender Sprühstrahl vorhanden ist, wird wenigstens eine weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung zum Erzeugen eines Gasstrahls vorgesehen, wobei die weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung so ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, um den Gasstrahl mit dem Sprühstrahl zu kreuzen.In a two-substance nozzle according to the invention for spraying a liquid-gas mixture with a nozzle housing, wherein the nozzle housing has at least one liquid inlet, at least one gas inlet and at least one outlet opening, and wherein downstream of the at least one outlet opening in the operation of the nozzle, a spray jet consisting of gas and liquid droplets is present, at least one further gas outlet opening for generating a gas jet is provided, wherein the further gas outlet opening is formed and arranged to intersect the gas jet with the spray jet.

Durch Vorsehen wenigstens einer weiteren Gasaustrittsöffnung kann der Gasstrahl mit dem Sprühstrahl gekreuzt werden und das Entstehen grober Tropfen innerhalb des Sprühstrahls kann durch die zusätzliche Zerstäubung der Tropfen im Sprühstrahl mittels des Gasstrahls zuverlässig verhindert werden.By providing at least one further gas outlet opening, the gas jet can be crossed with the spray jet and the emergence of coarse droplets within the spray jet can be reliably prevented by the additional atomization of the drops in the spray by means of the gas jet.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist die wenigstens eine weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung im Bereich des freien Endes eines Rohrs angeordnet, das konzentrisch zur Austrittsöffnung am Düsengehäuse befestigt ist.According to the invention, the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged in the region of the free end of a tube, which is fastened concentrically to the outlet opening on the nozzle housing.

Mittels eines einfachen, konzentrisch zur Austrittsöffnung angeordneten Rohrs lässt sich die wenigstens eine weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung einfach realisieren und mittig zum Kernstrahl platzieren.By means of a simple, concentrically arranged to the outlet opening pipe, the at least one further gas outlet opening can be easily realized and placed centrally to the core jet.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist das Rohr an seinem freien Ende mit einer Prallplatte oder einem Prallkörper und mehreren Ausströmöffnungen unmittelbar stromaufwärts der Prallplatte beziehungsweise des Prallkörpers versehen.According to the invention, the tube is provided at its free end with a baffle plate or an impact body and a plurality of outflow openings immediately upstream of the baffle plate or the baffle body.

Auf diese Weise können mehrere, mit einer Hauptkomponente radial nach außen gerichtete Gasstrahlen erzeugt werden, die dann innerhalb des Sprühstrahls eine Zerstäubung grober Tropfen bewirken können. Als Prallkörper kann beispielsweise ein sich in Strömungsrichtung erweiternder Kegel eingesetzt werden. Über den Kegelwinkel kann die Richtung der austretenden Gasstrahlen variiert werden.In this way, multiple, directed with a main component radially outward gas jets can be generated, which can then cause an atomization of coarse droplets within the spray. As a baffle body, for example, an expanding in the flow direction cone can be used. About the cone angle, the direction of the exiting gas jets can be varied.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist das Düsengehäuse eine Mischkammer auf, wobei der Flüssigkeitseinlass und der Gaseinlass in die Mischkammer münden und wobei die wenigstens eine weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung stromabwärts der Mischkammer und konzentrisch zur Mischkammer angeordnet ist.In a development of the invention, the nozzle housing has a mixing chamber, wherein the liquid inlet and the gas inlet open into the mixing chamber and wherein the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged downstream of the mixing chamber and concentric with the mixing chamber.

Durch eine solche Anordnung der wenigstens einen weiteren Gasaustrittsöffnung wird das Kreuzen des Gasstrahls mit dem Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls ermöglicht.Such an arrangement of the at least one further gas outlet opening makes it possible to cross the gas jet with the core jet of the spray jet.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist das Düsengehäuse eine Austrittsöffnung für den Sprühstrahl auf, wobei die wenigstens eine weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung stromabwärts der Austrittsöffnung angeordnet ist.In a development of the invention, the nozzle housing has an outlet opening for the spray jet, wherein the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged downstream of the outlet opening.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die wenigstens eine weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung stromaufwärts der Austrittsöffnung angeordnet.In a further development of the invention, the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged upstream of the outlet opening.

Alternativ ist die wenigstens eine weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung stromabwärts der Austrittsöffnung angeordnet.Alternatively, the at least one further gas outlet opening is arranged downstream of the outlet opening.

Je nach den vorhandenen Platzverhältnissen sowie den Anforderungen an die Tropfengröße im Sprühstrahl kann die wenigstens eine weitere Gasaustrittsöffnung innerhalb des Düsengehäuses, also stromaufwärts der Austrittsöffnung, oder außerhalb des Düsengehäuses, also stromabwärts der Austrittsöffnung, angeordnet werden.Depending on the available space conditions and the requirements of the droplet size in the spray, the at least one further gas outlet opening within the nozzle housing, ie upstream of the outlet opening, or outside of the nozzle housing, ie downstream of the outlet opening can be arranged.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung öffnen sich die mehreren Ausströmöffnungen bezogen auf eine Mittellängsachse des Rohrs radial nach außen.In a further development of the invention, the plurality of outflow openings open radially outward relative to a central longitudinal axis of the tube.

Die mehreren Gasstrahlen erhalten dadurch zunächst eine radial nach außen gerichtete Bewegung, werden im Betrieb der Zweistoffdüse aber vom Sprühstrahl mitgenommen, wobei die Hauptkomponente der Gasstrahlen immer noch radial nach außen gerichtet bleibt.The multiple gas jets thus initially receive a radially outward movement, but are taken during operation of the two-fluid nozzle by the spray, the main component of the gas jets is still directed radially outward.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist ein die Austrittsöffnung umgebender Ringspalt vorgesehen.In a further development of the invention, an annular gap surrounding the outlet opening is provided.

Mittels eines Ringspalts kann der Sprühstrahl unmittelbar nach dem Austritt aus der Austrittsöffnung noch gegen die Prozessumgebung abgeschirmt werden, wenn aus dem Ringspalt Hüllluft austritt. Der Ringspalt kann aber beispielsweise auch dazu verwendet werden, die Bildung von Tropfen in einem die Austrittsöffnung umgebenden Bereich zu verhindern.By means of an annular gap, the spray jet can be shielded against the process environment immediately after exiting the outlet opening, when sheath air emerges from the annular gap. However, the annular gap can also be used, for example, to prevent the formation of droplets in an area surrounding the outlet opening.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen. Einzelmerkmale der unterschiedlichen in der Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen erläuterten Ausführungsformen können dabei in beliebiger Weise miteinander kombiniert werden, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu überschreiten. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Zweistoffdüse,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht auf die Ebene II-II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Schnittansicht auf die Ebene III-III in Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
die vergrößerte Ansicht einer Einzelheit der Zweistoffdüse der Fig. 1,
Fig. 5
eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Zweistoffdüse gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Fig. 6
eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Zweistoffdüse gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform und
Fig. 7
eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Zweistoffdüse gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the claims and the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings. Individual features of the different embodiments explained in the description with reference to the drawings can be combined with one another in any desired manner without going beyond the scope of the invention. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1
a side view of a two-fluid nozzle according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a sectional view on the level II-II in Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
a sectional view on the level III-III in Fig. 1 .
Fig. 4
the enlarged view of a detail of the two-fluid nozzle of Fig. 1 .
Fig. 5
a sectional view of a two-fluid nozzle according to the invention according to a second embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 6
a sectional view of a two-fluid nozzle according to the invention according to a third embodiment and
Fig. 7
a sectional view of a two-fluid nozzle according to the invention according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Zweistoffdüse 10 mit einem Düsengehäuse 12. Das Düsengehäuse 12 weist eine Austrittsöffnung 14 auf, aus der im Betrieb der Zweistoffdüse 10 ein Sprühstrahl aus Flüssigkeitstropfen und Gas austritt. Zu zerstäubende Flüssigkeit wird der Zweistoffdüse 10 über einen Flüssigkeitseinlass 16 zugeführt, wobei die Flüssigkeit stromabwärts des Flüssigkeitseinlasses 16 in eine Mischkammer geleitet und dort zerstäubt wird. Der Flüssigkeitseinlass 16 ist mit einem Außengewinde zum Anschluss einer Flüssigkeitszuleitung versehen.The presentation of the Fig. 1 shows a two-fluid nozzle 10 according to the invention with a nozzle housing 12. The nozzle housing 12 has an outlet opening 14 from which emerges during operation of the two-fluid nozzle 10, a spray of liquid droplets and gas. Liquid to be atomized is supplied to the two-fluid nozzle 10 via a fluid inlet 16, wherein the fluid is conducted downstream of the fluid inlet 16 into a mixing chamber and atomized there. The liquid inlet 16 is provided with an external thread for connection of a liquid feed line.

Der Flüssigkeitseinlass 16 ist mit einem ringförmigen Gaseinlass 18 versehen, durch den dem Düsengehäuse 12 Gas, beispielsweise Druckluft oder Wasserdampf, zugeführt wird. Das Düsengehäuse ist an der Außenwand des Gaseinlasses mit einem Innengewinde versehen, um eine Gaszuleitung anschließen zu können.The liquid inlet 16 is provided with an annular gas inlet 18 through which the nozzle housing 12, gas, for example, compressed air or steam, is supplied. The nozzle housing is provided on the outer wall of the gas inlet with an internal thread to connect a gas supply line can.

Das Düsengehäuse 12 ist zweiteilig ausgebildet und weist eine Außenschale 20 sowie einen Einsatz 22 auf. Der Einsatz 22 weist an seinem in Fig. 1 linken Ende den Flüssigkeitseinlass 16 auf und ist in die Außenschale 20 eingesetzt. Zwischen dem Einsatz 22 und der Außenschale 20 ist der ringförmige Gaseinlass 18 gebildet.The nozzle housing 12 is formed in two parts and has an outer shell 20 and an insert 22. The insert 22 has at its in Fig. 1 left end of the liquid inlet 16 and is inserted into the outer shell 20. Between the insert 22 and the outer shell 20, the annular gas inlet 18 is formed.

Der Einsatz 22 ist, wie in Fig. 1 zu erkennen ist, unmittelbar vor dem Beginn der Außenschale 20 mit insgesamt acht Gaskanälen 24 versehen, die radial nach innen gerichtet sind. Mittels der Gaskanäle 24 wird ein Gasstrom abgezweigt, der dann stromabwärts der Austrittsöffnung 14 aus mehreren Ausströmöffnungen 26 wieder austritt und mehrere Gasstrahlen bildet, die dann den aus der Austrittsöffnung 14 austretenden Sprühstrahl kreuzen. Die Gaskanäle 24 münden hierzu in ein konzentrisch zu einer Mittellängsachse 28 angeordnetes Rohr 30, an dessen freiem Ende eine Prallplatte 32 angeordnet ist. Unmittelbar stromaufwärts der Prallplatte 32 sind die mehreren Ausströmöffnungen 26 angeordnet.The insert 22 is as in Fig. 1 can be seen, provided immediately before the beginning of the outer shell 20 with a total of eight gas channels 24, which are directed radially inward. By means of the gas channels 24, a gas stream is branched off, which then exits downstream of the outlet opening 14 from a plurality of outflow openings 26 again and forms a plurality of gas jets, which then intersect the emerging from the outlet opening 14 spray jet. The gas channels 24 open for this purpose in a concentric to a central longitudinal axis 28 arranged pipe 30, at its free end a baffle plate 32 is arranged. Immediately upstream of the baffle plate 32, the plurality of outflow openings 26 are arranged.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ansicht auf die Schnittebene II-II in Fig. 1. Zu erkennen ist der zweiteilige Aufbau des Düsengehäuses 12 aus der Außenschale 20 und dem in die Außenschale 20 eingesetzten Einsatz 22. Gut zu erkennen ist der ringförmige Gaseinlass 18 und der Flüssigkeitseinlass 16. Die Gaskanäle 24 liegen außerhalb der Schnittebene II-II, so dass sie in der Ansicht der Fig. 2 nicht zu erkennen sind. Die Gaskanäle 24 münden aber in einen Ringkanal 36, der in einem Stopfen 38 vorgesehen ist, der wiederum konzentrisch zur Mittellängsachse in den Einsatz 22 eingeschraubt ist. Ausgehend von dem Ringkanal 36 gelangt der mittels der Gaskanäle 24 abgezweigte Gasstrom in den Innenraum des Rohrs 30 und dadurch zu den Ausströmöffnungen 26 am freien Ende des Rohrs 30. Wie bereits ausgeführt wurde, tritt aus jeder der Ausströmöffnungen 26 am Ende des Rohrs 30 ein im Wesentlich radial gerichteter Gasstrahl aus. Im Betrieb der Zweistoffdüse 10 kreuzen diese mehreren Gasstrahlen dann den Sprühstrahl, der aus der Austrittsöffnung 14 austritt.The presentation of the Fig. 2 shows a view on the section plane II-II in Fig. 1 , The two-part structure of the nozzle housing 12 can be seen from the outer shell 20 and the insert 22 inserted into the outer shell 20. The annular gas inlet 18 and the liquid inlet 16 can be clearly seen. The gas channels 24 lie outside the sectional plane II-II, so that they in the view of Fig. 2 are not recognizable. However, the gas channels 24 open into an annular channel 36, which is provided in a plug 38, which in turn is screwed concentrically to the central longitudinal axis in the insert 22. Starting from the annular channel 36, the gas stream branched off by means of the gas channels 24 enters the interior of the pipe 30 and thereby to the discharge openings 26 at the free end of the pipe 30. As already stated, each of the discharge openings 26 at the end of the pipe 30 enters the Essentially radially directed gas jet. During operation of the two-component nozzle 10, these multiple gas jets then cross the spray jet which emerges from the outlet opening 14.

Im Betrieb der Düse wird der Sprühstrahl durch eine Vermischung von Gas und Flüssigkeit in einer Mischkammer 40 erzeugt, die von dem Rohr 30 durchsetzt wird. Der Gaseinlass 18 mündet in einen Ringraum 42, von dem aus mehrere Gaseinlässe 44 in die Mischkammer münden. Die Gaseinlässe münden radial in die Mischkammer 40, die eine sich kreiskegelförmig erweiternde Form aufweist. Aus den Gaseinlässen 44 austretende Gasströme sind dadurch radial nach innen gerichtet und kreuzen einen in die Mischkammer 40 eintretenden Flüssigkeitsstrom im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig.During operation of the nozzle, the spray jet is generated by a mixture of gas and liquid in a mixing chamber 40, which is penetrated by the tube 30. The gas inlet 18 opens into an annular space 42, from which several gas inlets 44 open into the mixing chamber. The gas inlets open radially into the mixing chamber 40, which has a circularly widening shape. Gas streams leaving the gas inlets 44 are thereby directed radially inwards and intersect a liquid flow entering the mixing chamber 40 substantially at right angles.

Der Stopfen 38 ist mit mehreren Flüssigkeitseinlässen 46 versehen, die konzentrisch um das Rohr 30 herum angeordnet sind. Dies ist in der Ansicht der Fig. 3 zu erkennen, die eine Ansicht der Schnittebene III-III in Fig. 1 zeigt.The plug 38 is provided with a plurality of fluid inlets 46 concentrically disposed around the tube 30. This is in the view of Fig. 3 to recognize that a view of the section plane III-III in Fig. 1 shows.

Aus den insgesamt acht Flüssigkeitseinlässen 46 tritt somit jeweils ein Flüssigkeitsstrom parallel zur Längsachse 28 in die Mischkammer 40 ein. Gasströme aus den Gaseinlässen 44 treffen rechtwinklig auf die mehreren Flüssigkeitsströme und erzeugen innerhalb der Mischkammer 40 ein Gas-Tropfen-Gemisch. Die Mischkammer ist an ihrem stromabwärts gelegenen Ende verjüngt, wobei diese Verjüngung durch einen kreiskegelförmigen Abschnitt 48 bewirkt wird. Der kreiskegelförmige Abschnitt 48 ist wesentlich kürzer als die Mischkammer 40. Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform beträgt die Länge der Verjüngung 48 weniger als ein Zehntel der Länge der Mischkammer 40. An die Verjüngung 48 schließt sich ein zylindrischer Abschnitt 50 an, der einen engsten Querschnitt innerhalb des Düsengehäuses 12 bildet. Die Länge des zylindrischen Abschnitts 50 beträgt etwa ein Drittel der Länge der Mischkammer 40. An den zylindrischen Abschnitt 50 schließt sich ein kegelförmig erweiternder Abschnitt 52 an, der an der Austrittsöffnung 14 endet. Die Länge des Abschnitts 52 beträgt etwa das Drei- bis Vierfache der Länge des zylindrischen Abschnitts 50 und entspricht bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform annähernd der Länge der Mischkammer 40.From the total of eight fluid inlets 46, a liquid flow thus enters the mixing chamber 40 parallel to the longitudinal axis 28. Gas flows from the gas inlets 44 meet at right angles to the plurality of liquid streams and generate within the mixing chamber 40, a gas-droplet mixture. The mixing chamber is tapered at its downstream end, this taper being effected by a circular cone-shaped portion 48. The circular tapered portion 48 is substantially shorter than the mixing chamber 40. In the illustrated embodiment, the length of the taper 48 is less than one tenth of the length of the mixing chamber 40. The taper 48 is followed by a cylindrical portion 50 having a narrowest cross section within the Nozzle housing 12 forms. The length of the cylindrical portion 50 is about one third of the length of the mixing chamber 40. The cylindrical portion 50 is followed by a conically widening portion 52 which terminates at the outlet opening 14. The length of section 52 is about three to four times that of Length of the cylindrical portion 50 and corresponds in the illustrated embodiment, approximately the length of the mixing chamber 40th

Die Austrittsöffnung 14 ist von einer im Querschnitt dreieckförmigen Nut 54 umgeben, die das Anhaften von Tropfen am Gehäuse 12 in dem die Austrittsöffnung 14 umgebenden Bereich verhindern soll.The outlet opening 14 is surrounded by a triangular in cross-section groove 54, which is intended to prevent the adhesion of drops on the housing 12 in the area surrounding the outlet opening 14.

In der Darstellung der Fig. 3 ist der Ringraum 42 zwischen dem Einsatz 22 und der Außenschale 20 des Düsengehäuses 12 zu erkennen. In diesen Ringraum 42 wird Gas eingeleitet. Wie erläutert wurde, wird aus diesem Ringraum 42 ein Gasstrom mittels der insgesamt acht Gaskanäle 24 abgezweigt, die in dem Einsatz 22 vorgesehen sind und sich radial nach innen erstrecken. Die Gaskanäle 24 münden in dem Ringkanal 36, der in dem Stopfen 38 ausgebildet ist. Der Stopfen 38 ist, siehe Fig. 2, in den Einsatz 22 eingesetzt. Ausgehend von dem Ringkanal 36 sind in dem Stopfen 38 vier weitere Gaskanäle 56 vorgesehen, die radial nach innen gerichtet sind und die in den Innenraum des Rohrs 30 münden. Ausgehend vom Ringraum 42 gelangt Gas somit durch die Gaskanäle 24, in den Ringkanal 36, in die Gaskanäle 56 und in den Innenraum des Rohrs 30. Wie bereits erläutert wurde, tritt das Gas dann am freien Ende des Rohrs 30 durch die mehreren Ausströmöffnungen 26 im Wesentlichen radial aus.In the presentation of the Fig. 3 the annular space 42 between the insert 22 and the outer shell 20 of the nozzle housing 12 can be seen. Gas is introduced into this annular space 42. As has been explained, a gas flow is branched off from this annular space 42 by means of the total of eight gas passages 24, which are provided in the insert 22 and extend radially inwards. The gas channels 24 open into the annular channel 36 which is formed in the plug 38. The plug 38 is, see Fig. 2 , used in the insert 22. Starting from the annular channel 36, four further gas channels 56 are provided in the plug 38, which are directed radially inwards and which open into the interior of the tube 30. Starting from the annular space 42 gas thus passes through the gas channels 24, in the annular channel 36, in the gas channels 56 and in the interior of the tube 30. As already explained, the gas then enters the free end of the tube 30 through the plurality of outflow openings 26 in Essentially radially out.

Innerhalb der Mischkammer 40 wird, wie erläutert wurde, ein Gas-Flüssigkeitstropfen-Gemisch erzeugt, das dann durch den zylindrischen Abschnitt 50 und die kegelförmige Aufweitung 52 bis zur Austrittsöffnung 14 gelangt und dort als Sprühstrahl austritt. Der Sprühstrahl der Zweistoffdüse 10 weist dabei einen Kernstrahl und einen den Kernstrahl umgebenden Außenstrahl auf. Im Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls können dabei grobe Tropfen auftreten, vor allem ist es möglich, dass sich nach dem Austritt aus der Austrittsöffnung 14 im Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls wieder grobe Tropfen bilden. Solche grobe Tropfen im Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls werden durch die Gasstrahlen, die im Wesentlichen radial nach außen aus den Ausströmöffnungen 26 austreten, wieder in kleinere Tropfen zerlegt. Die aus den Ausströmöffnungen 26 austretenden Gasstrahlen kreuzen somit den Sprühstrahl, um die Bildung von groben Tropfen innerhalb des Sprühstrahls zu verhindern oder wieder rückgängig zu machen. Aufgrund der Anordnung des Rohrs 30 auf der Mittellängsachse der Zweistoffdüse 10 kreuzen die aus den Ausströmöffnungen 26 austretenden Gasstrahlen zunächst den Kernstrahl des Sprühstrahls und daran anschließend dessen Außenstrahl.Within the mixing chamber 40, as has been explained, a gas-liquid drop mixture is generated, which then passes through the cylindrical portion 50 and the conical expansion 52 to the outlet opening 14 and exits there as a spray jet. The spray jet of the two-component nozzle 10 has a core jet and an outer jet surrounding the core jet. Coarse droplets can occur in the core jet of the spray jet, above all it is possible for coarse droplets to form again after leaving the outlet opening 14 in the core jet of the spray jet. Such coarse droplets in the jet stream of the spray jet are broken down into smaller droplets by the gas jets, which emerge essentially radially outward from the outflow openings 26. The gas jets emerging from the discharge openings 26 thus cross the spray jet in order to prevent or reverse the formation of coarse drops within the spray jet. Due to the arrangement of the tube 30 on the central longitudinal axis of the two-fluid nozzle 10, the gas jets emerging from the outflow openings 26 first intersect the core jet of the spray jet and, subsequently, its outer jet.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 4 zeigt eine vergrößerte Einzelheit der Zweistoffdüse 10 der Fig. 1. Speziell ist das freie Ende des Rohrs 30 mit der Prallplatte 32 und den mehreren, radial nach außen gerichteten Ausströmöffnungen 26 detailliert dargestellt. Die Prallplatte 32 ist, siehe Fig. 2, mit einem Fortsatz versehen, der in das freie Ende des Rohrs 30 eingeschoben und dort verankert wird. An diesem Einsatz sind auch die Ausströmöffnungen 26 vorgesehen. Das Rohr 30 kann somit konstruktiv sehr einfach aufgebaut sein. Der Einsatz wird in das freie Ende des Rohrs eingeschoben, wodurch die Prallplatte 32 und die Ausströmöffnungen 26 am freien Ende des Rohrs 30 platziert sind.The presentation of the Fig. 4 shows an enlarged detail of the two-fluid nozzle 10 of Fig. 1 , Specifically, the free end of the tube 30 with the baffle plate 32 and the plurality of radially outwardly directed outflow openings 26 is shown in detail. The baffle 32 is, see FIG. 2 , provided with an extension which is inserted into the free end of the tube 30 and anchored there. At this use, the outflow openings 26 are provided. The tube 30 can thus be structurally very simple. The insert is inserted into the free end of the tube, whereby the baffle plate 32 and the outflow openings 26 are placed at the free end of the tube 30.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 5 zeigt eine Zweistoffdüse 60 gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Die Zweistoffdüse 60 unterscheidet sich von der Zweistoffdüse 10 der Fig. 1 lediglich dadurch, dass das freie Ende des Rohrs 30 mit der Prallplatte 32 und den Ausströmöffnungen 26 stromaufwärts der Austrittsöffnung 14 angeordnet ist. Das freie Ende des Rohrs 30 und die Ausströmöffnungen 26 sind somit noch innerhalb der Außenschale 20 des Düsengehäuses 12 angeordnet. Damit kreuzen die aus den Ausströmöffnungen 26 austretenden Gasstrahlen den im sich konisch erweiternden Abschnitt 52 des Düsengehäuses 12 vorhandenen Sprühstrahl noch innerhalb des Düsengehäuses 12.The presentation of the Fig. 5 shows a two-fluid nozzle 60 according to a second embodiment of the invention. The two-fluid nozzle 60 differs from the two-fluid nozzle 10 of Fig. 1 merely in that the free end of the tube 30 with the baffle plate 32 and the outflow openings 26 is arranged upstream of the outlet opening 14. The free end of the tube 30 and the outflow openings 26 are thus still disposed within the outer shell 20 of the nozzle housing 12. Thus, the gas jets emerging from the outflow openings 26 intersect the spray jet present in the conically widening section 52 of the nozzle housing 12 even inside the nozzle housing 12.

Im Übrigen ist die Zweistoffdüse 60 aber identisch zur Zweistoffdüse 10 der Fig. 1 aufgebaut. Die einzelnen Komponenten sowie die Wirkungsweise der Zweistoffdüse 60 werden daher nicht erneut erläutert.Incidentally, however, the two-fluid nozzle 60 is identical to the two-fluid nozzle 10 of FIG Fig. 1 built up. The individual components and the mode of action of the two-fluid nozzle 60 will therefore not be explained again.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 6 zeigt eine Schnittansicht einer Zweistoffdüse 70 gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Die Zweistoffdüse 70 unterscheidet sich von der Zweistoffdüse 10 der Fig. 1 lediglich durch das Vorhandensein einer Ringspaltkappe 72, die mit dem Düsengehäuse 76 einen die Austrittsöffnung 14 umgebenden Ringspalt 74 bildet. Der Ringspalt 74 wird mit Hüllluft gespeist. Der aus der Austrittsöffnung 14 austretende Sprühstrahl kann dadurch unmittelbar stromabwärts der Austrittsöffnung 14 gegen eine Prozessumgebung abgeschirmt werden. Darüber hinaus ist es durch aus dem Ringspalt 74 austretende Hüllluft auch möglich, Tropfen, die sich an dem die Austrittsöffnung 14 umgebenden Bereich des Düsengehäuses 76 bilden, in feine Tropfen zu zerstäuben. Das Düsengehäuse 76 ist in seinem die Austrittsöffnung 14 umgebenden Bereich deutlich dünnwandiger ausgebildet als das Düsengehäuse 12 der Zweistoffdüse 10. Die Ringspaltkappe 72 erstreckt sich in Strömungsrichtung gesehen ein Stück weit über das Ende des Düsengehäuses 76 hinaus. Dadurch wird die Zerstäubung von Tropfen, die sich in dem die Austrittsöffnung 14 umgebenden Bereich an dem Düsengehäuse 12 anlagern, begünstigt und der äußere Rand des Düsengehäuses 76 wird gegen mechanische Beschädigungen geschützt.The presentation of the Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of a two-fluid nozzle 70 according to a third embodiment of the invention. The two-fluid nozzle 70 differs from the two-fluid nozzle 10 of Fig. 1 merely by the presence of an annular gap cap 72, which forms an annular gap 74 surrounding the outlet opening 14 with the nozzle housing 76. The annular gap 74 is fed with enveloping air. The spray jet emerging from the outlet opening 14 can thereby be shielded against a process environment immediately downstream of the outlet opening 14. In addition, it is also possible by sheath air emerging from the annular gap 74, drops that form at the area surrounding the outlet opening 14 of the nozzle housing 76, to atomize into fine droplets. The nozzle housing 76 is formed in its area surrounding the outlet opening 14 significantly thinner than the nozzle housing 12 of the two-fluid nozzle 10. The annular gap cap 72 extends in the flow direction a piece far beyond the end of the nozzle housing 76 addition. As a result, the atomization of drops which accumulate in the area surrounding the outlet opening 14 on the nozzle housing 12 is favored and the outer edge of the nozzle housing 76 is protected against mechanical damage.

Im Übrigen ist die Zweistoffdüse 70 identisch zur Zweistoffdüse 10 der Fig. 1 ausgebildet und die einzelnen Komponenten der Zweistoffdüse 70 sowie deren Funktion werden nicht erneut erläutert.Incidentally, the two-fluid nozzle 70 is identical to the two-fluid nozzle 10 of Fig. 1 trained and the individual components of the two-fluid nozzle 70 and their function will not be explained again.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Zweistoffdüse 80 gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Im Unterschied zur Zweistoffdüse 70 der Fig. 6 ist das freie Ende des Rohrs 30 innerhalb des Düsengehäuses 76 angeordnet. Die aus den Ausströmöffnungen 26 am freien Ende des Rohrs 30 austretenden Gasstrahlen kreuzen somit den Sprühstrahl noch innerhalb des Düsengehäuses 76, wie dies bereits anhand der Zweistoffdüse 60 der Fig. 5 erläutert wurde. Auch bei der Zweistoffdüse 80 sorgt das Vorsehen des Ringspalt 74 zwischen der Ringspaltkappe 72 und dem Düsengehäuse 76 dafür, dass sich in dem die Austrittsöffnung 14 umgebenden Bereich des Düsengehäuses 76 anlagernde Flüssigkeitstropfen in kleine Tropfen zerlegt und damit zerstäubt werden können. Im Übrigen sind die einzelnen Komponenten sowie die Funktion der Zweistoffdüse 80 identisch zur Zweistoffdüse 10 der Fig. 1 und werden daher nicht erneut erläutert. Fig. 7 shows a two-fluid nozzle 80 according to the invention according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. In contrast to the two-fluid nozzle 70 of Fig. 6 the free end of the tube 30 is disposed within the nozzle housing 76. The gas jets emerging from the outflow openings 26 at the free end of the tube 30 thus cross the spray jet still within the nozzle housing 76, as already described with reference to the two-fluid nozzle 60 of FIG Fig. 5 was explained. Even with the two-substance nozzle 80, the provision of the annular gap 74 between the annular gap cap 72 and the nozzle housing 76 ensures that liquid droplets accumulating in the region of the nozzle housing 76 surrounding the outlet opening 14 can be broken up into small droplets and thus atomized. Incidentally, the individual components and the function of the two-fluid nozzle 80 are identical to the two-fluid nozzle 10 of FIG Fig. 1 and will therefore not be explained again.

Claims (11)

  1. Method for producing a spray jet from a liquid/gas mixture with a two-component nozzle (10; 60; 70; 80) having a nozzle housing (12; 72), with the steps of blending a supplied liquid and a supplied gas and producing a spray jet consisting of gas and liquid drops, producing at least one gas jet and mixing the gas jet with the spray jet, wherein the spray jet has a core jet and an outer jet surrounding the core jet, wherein the gas jet is first of all mixed with the core jet of the spray jet, characterized by introducing the gas jet into a core jet of the spray jet in the form of a plurality of partial flows, wherein the plurality of partial flows have a main movement component which is directed radially outwards with respect to a central longitudinal axis (28) of the spray jet.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized by blending the liquid and the gas within a mixing chamber (40) of the nozzle housing (12; 72) and mixing the gas jet with the spray jet downstream of the mixing chamber.
  3. Method according to Claim 2, characterized by mixing the gas jet with the spray jet within the nozzle housing (12; 72).
  4. Method according to Claim 2, characterized by mixing the gas jet with the spray jet outside the nozzle housing (12; 72).
  5. Method according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized by dividing a gas, which is supplied to the two-component nozzle, within the nozzle housing (12; 72) into a first gas flow and a second gas flow, wherein the first gas flow is provided for producing the spray jet, and the second gas flow is provided for producing the gas jet which is mixed with the spray jet.
  6. Two-component nozzle for spraying a liquid/gas mixture with a nozzle housing (12; 72), wherein the nozzle housing (12; 72) has at least one liquid inlet (16), at least one gas inlet (18) and at least one outlet opening (14), and wherein, during operation of the nozzle, a spray jet consisting of gas and liquid drops is present downstream of the at least one outlet opening (14), wherein at least one further gas outlet opening (26) is provided for producing a gas jet, wherein the further gas outlet opening (26) is designed and arranged in a manner so as to mix the gas jet with the spray jet, wherein the at least one further gas outlet opening (26) is arranged in the region of the free end of a tube (30) which is fastened to the nozzle housing (12; 72) concentrically with respect to the outlet opening (14), characterized in that the tube (30) is provided at the free end thereof with a deflecting plate (32) or a deflecting body and with a plurality of outflow openings (26) directly upstream of the deflecting plate (32) or the deflecting body.
  7. Two-component nozzle according to Claim 6, characterized in that the nozzle housing (12; 72) has a mixing chamber (40), wherein the liquid inlet (16) and the gas inlet (18) lead into the mixing chamber (40), and wherein the at least one further gas outlet opening (26) is arranged downstream of the mixing chamber (40) and concentrically with respect to the mixing chamber (40).
  8. Two-component nozzle according to Claim 7, characterized in that the nozzle housing has an outlet opening (14) for the spray jet, wherein the at least one further gas outlet opening (26) is arranged upstream of the outlet opening (14).
  9. Two-component nozzle according to Claim 7, characterized in that the nozzle housing has an outlet opening (14) for the spray jet, wherein the at least one further gas outlet opening (26) is arranged downstream of the outlet opening (14).
  10. Two-component nozzle according to any one of the Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the plurality of outflow openings (26) open radially outwards with respect to a central longitudinal axis (28) of the tube (30).
  11. Two-component nozzle according to any one of the Claims 6 to 10, characterized in that an annular gap (74) surrounding the outlet opening (14) is provided.
EP15200564.1A 2015-01-12 2015-12-16 Method for generating a spray jet and dual material nozzle Not-in-force EP3042724B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015200236.5A DE102015200236A1 (en) 2015-01-12 2015-01-12 Method of producing a spray jet and two-fluid nozzle

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EP3042724A1 EP3042724A1 (en) 2016-07-13
EP3042724B1 true EP3042724B1 (en) 2019-11-27

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US (1) US10092917B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3042724B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101808789B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105772264B (en)
DE (1) DE102015200236A1 (en)

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DE102016014270A1 (en) 2016-11-30 2018-05-30 Dürr Systems Ag A nozzle device for emitting two approaching jets of a delivery medium
DE102016014269A1 (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-05-30 Dürr Systems Ag Nozzle device with at least two nozzle plates and at least three openings
KR101970399B1 (en) 2017-08-10 2019-04-18 이기영 Misted spray nozzle
DE102020213695A1 (en) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 Lechler Gmbh Bundle nozzle for spraying a fluid, arrangement with a bundle nozzle and method for producing a bundle nozzle
CN110918284B (en) * 2019-12-11 2023-08-01 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 Medium atomizing nozzle, atomizer and sprayer
CN111504598B (en) * 2020-04-10 2021-09-28 电子科技大学 Experimental device for promoting liquid drop impact splashing and application thereof

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JPS5570366A (en) 1978-11-20 1980-05-27 Iwata Tosouki Kogyo Kk Spray gun for powder painting
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EP3042724A1 (en) 2016-07-13
US10092917B2 (en) 2018-10-09
CN105772264B (en) 2020-06-26
KR101808789B1 (en) 2017-12-13
KR20160086741A (en) 2016-07-20
DE102015200236A1 (en) 2016-07-14
CN105772264A (en) 2016-07-20
US20160199860A1 (en) 2016-07-14

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